| plasmon analysis of triticum (wheat) and aegilops. 2. characterization and classification of 47 plasmons based on their effects on common wheat phenotype. | this article comprises our final remarks on the phenotypic effects of alien plasmons on common wheat. twenty-one vegetative, reproductive, and seed characters of 551 alloplasmic lines of 12 common wheat genotypes with 46 alloplasmons, and as the control, their euplasmic lines were investigated. effects of genotype, plasmon, and their interaction had high statistical significance for all the characters investigated, whereas phenotypic variations attributable to the alien plasmons were relatively ... | 2002 | 12589076 |
| bioregulation of carbohydrate metabolism in relation to source-sink operation during grain-filling phase of growth in wheat. | mobilization of free sugars from vegetative tissues to grain and their transformation to starch in relation to activities of some relevant enzymes during growth and development were investigated in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). vegetative tissues, viz. flag-leaf, flag-leaf sheath, nodes and internodes contained high concentration of free sugars from 70 das to 18 dpa and that was in the order of accumulation--flag-leaf sheath> flag-leaf and internodes > nodes. in these tissues, major portion of 1 ... | 2002 | 12587738 |
| expression of cytosolic and plastid acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase genes in young wheat plants. | expression of cytosolic and plastid acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase) gene families at the mrna level was analyzed in developing wheat (triticum aestivum) plants. the major plastid accase mrna level is high in the middle part of the plant and low in roots and leaf blades. an alternative plastid accase transcript initiated at a different promoter and using an alternative 5' splice site for the first intron accumulates to its highest level in roots. cytosolic accase mrna also consists of two ... | 2003 | 12586900 |
| fructan 1-exohydrolases. beta-(2,1)-trimmers during graminan biosynthesis in stems of wheat? purification, characterization, mass mapping, and cloning of two fructan 1-exohydrolase isoforms. | graminan-type fructans are temporarily stored in wheat (triticum aestivum) stems. two phases can be distinguished: a phase of fructan biosynthesis (green stems) followed by a breakdown phase (stems turning yellow). so far, no plant fructan exohydrolase enzymes have been cloned from a monocotyledonous species. here, we report on the cloning, purification, and characterization of two fructan 1-exohydrolase cdnas (1-feh w1 and w2) from winter wheat stems. similar to dicot plant 1-fehs, they are der ... | 2003 | 12586886 |
| zinc efficiency is correlated with enhanced expression and activity of zinc-requiring enzymes in wheat. | zinc (zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants. the ability of plants to maintain significant yields under low zn is termed zn efficiency (ze) and its genetic and mechanistic basis is still not well understood. previously, we showed that root zn uptake did not play a role in ze. in the current study, zn-efficient and -inefficient wheat (triticum aestivum) genotypes were grown for 13 d in chelate buffer nutrient solutions at low (0.1 pm), sufficient (150 pm), and high (1 microm) zn(2+) activi ... | 2003 | 12586883 |
| mapping of quantitative trait loci determining agronomic important characters in hexaploid wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). | a set of 114 recombinant inbred lines of the 'international triticeae mapping initiative' mapping population was grown during the seasons 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000 under several environments. twenty morphological (glume colour, awn colour, waxiness, leaf erectness, peduncle length), agronomical (ear emergence time, flowering time, grain filling time, ear length, plant height, lodging, grain number, thousand-grain-weight, grain weight per ear, grain protein content, winter hardiness) and disease ... | 2002 | 12582918 |
| an estimation of the minimum number of ssr alleles needed to reveal genetic relationships in wheat varieties. i. information from large-scale planted varieties and cornerstone breeding parents in chinese wheat improvement and production. | the genetic relationships of 43 wheat varieties were analyzed with ssr markers. the materials employed included 14 cornerstone breeding parents used before 1980 and another 29 other large-scale planted varieties currently in use in china. a total of 501 different alleles were amplified, including 166 alleles of the a genome, 174 of the b genome and 161 of the d genome. data obtained were used to estimate genetic similarity using the dice coefficient, and dendrograms were constructed using the up ... | 2002 | 12582878 |
| microsatellite analysis of wheat chromosome 2d allows the reconstruction of chromosomal inheritance in pedigrees of breeding programmes. | the dwarfing gene rht8 and the photoperiodic insensitivity gene ppd-d1 are linked on the short arm of chromosome 2d of bread wheat and play an important role in determining the geographic adaptation of modern wheat varieties. the genes are believed to originate from the old japanese variety 'akakomugi' and have been distributed throughout the world by diverse breeding programmes. twelve microsatellite loci previously mapped on wheat chromosome 2d were used for a retrospective analysis of 59 whea ... | 2002 | 12582874 |
| chromosomal location of a triticum dicoccoides-derived powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat by using microsatellite markers. | the powdery mildew resistance has been transferred from an israeli wild emmer (triticum dicoccoides) accession "g-305-m" into common wheat by crossing and backcrossing (g-305-m/781//jing 411*3). genetic analysis showed that the resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene at the seedling stage. among the 102 pairs of ssr primers tested, four polymorphic microsatellite markers (xpsp3029, xpsp3071, xpsp3152 and xgwm570) from the long arm of chromosome 6a were mapped in a bc(2)f(3) populatio ... | 2003 | 12582861 |
| identification of chromosome arms influencing expression of the hmw glutenins in wheat. | the high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin genes, located on the group 1l chromosome arms, are a major determinant for baking quality in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). in addition, the hmw glutenin genes provide a valuable model system for studying the evolution and regulation of orthologous and paralogous genes in polyploid species. the goal of this study was to identify loci that modify the expression of the hmw glutenins, and to map them to specific chromosome arms. comparisons were made betwee ... | 2003 | 12582846 |
| use of sampl for a study of dna polymorphism, genetic diversity and possible gene tagging in bread wheat. | selective amplification of microsatellite polymorphic loci (sampl) technology was used in bread wheat for the first time for a study of genetic diversity, genotype identification and gene tagging. the diversity studies involved 55 wheat genotypes and two sampl primer pairs (sampl-6 and sampl-7, each with a m-cag primer), which together gave 43 polymorphic bands out of a total of 87 sampl bands. the average polymorphic information content (pic) of sampl primers was 0.221 and that of sampl markers ... | 2002 | 12582720 |
| characterisation and chromosomal localisation of c-type low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in the bread wheat cultivar chinese spring. | low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits are classically divided into the b, c and d groups. most attention has been paid to the characterisation of the b and d groups, whereas c subunits, although represented by a large number of protein components, have not been thoroughly characterised, mainly because they tend to separate with the gliadins in many fractionation procedures. here we describe a procedure for obtaining a fraction strongly enriched in c subunits that has allowed us to determine the ... | 2002 | 12582715 |
| isolation of est-derived microsatellite markers for genotyping the a and b genomes of wheat. | genetic variation present in 64 durum wheat accessions was investigated by using three sources of microsatellite (ssr) markers: est-derived ssrs (est-ssrs) and two sources of ssrs isolated from total genomic dna. out of 245 ssr primer pairs screened, 22 est-ssrs and 20 genomic-derived ssrs were polymorphic and used for genotyping. the est-ssr primers produced high quality markers, but had the lowest level of polymorphism (25%) compared to the other two sources of genomic ssr markers (53%). the 4 ... | 2002 | 12582712 |
| spelt-specific alleles in hmw glutenin genes from modern and historical european spelt ( triticum spelta l.). | a partial promoter region of the high-molecular weight (hmw) glutenin genes was studied in two wheat specimens, a 300 year-old spelt ( triticum spelta l.) and an approximately 250 year-old bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) from switzerland. sequences were compared to a recent swiss landrace t. spelta'oberkulmer.' the alleles from the historical bread wheat were most similar to those of modern t. aestivumcultivars, whereas in the historical and the recent spelt specific alleles were detected. p ... | 2002 | 12582705 |
| physical location of a hsp70 gene homologue on the centromere of chromosome 1b of wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). | cereal centromeres consist of a complex organization of repetitive dna sequences. several repetitive dna sequences are common amongst members of the triticeae family, and others are unique to particular species. the organization of these repetitive elements and the abundance of other types of dna sequences in cereal centromeres are largely unknown. in this study, we have used wheat-rye translocation lines to physically map 1bl.1rs centromeric breakpoints and molecular probes to obtain further in ... | 2002 | 12582685 |
| production of a new wheat line possessing the 1bl.1rs wheat-rye translocation derived from korean rye cultivar paldanghomil. | the 1bl.1rs translocations between wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) and rye ( secale cereale l.) are widely used in bread wheat breeding programs, but all modern wheat cultivars with the 1bl.1rs have shown genetic vulnerability due to one rye source - a german cultivar, petkus. we have developed, a new 1bl.1rs wheat-rye translocation line from the backcross of the f(1) hybrid of wheat cv. olmil and rye cv. paldanghomil, both cultivars from korea. the gish technique was applied to identify the prese ... | 2002 | 12582683 |
| genetic analysis of vrn-b1 for vernalization requirement by using linked dcaps markers in bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). | to identify a molecular marker closely linked to vrn-b1, the vrn-1 ortholog on chromosome 5b, sequence polymorphism at four orthologous rflp loci closely linked to the vrn-1 gene family was analyzed by using near-isogenic lines of "triple dirk." at xwg644, a rflp locus, three types of nucleotide sequence differing by the number of (tg) repeats, two or three times, and base changes were detected. a (tg)(3)-type sequence proved to be specific to chromosome 5b by nulli-tetrasomic analysis, and subs ... | 2002 | 12582660 |
| is the mnr locus of triticeae species the same as the ndh and dia loci? | the menadione reductase (mnr), the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ndh) and diaphorase (dia) isozymes were studied in the allohexaploid triticum aestivum cv "chinese spring" and in five diploid triticeae species. the mnr1, ndh3and dia1 loci were located on the chromosome arms 3al, 3bl and 3dl of t. aestivum, respectively. these loci were also located on the 3h chromosome of hordeum vulgare cv "betzes", the 3l chromosome of aegilops longissima and the 6rl chromosome arm of secale ... | 2002 | 12582652 |
| the molecular genetic characterization of the 'bobwhite' bread wheat family using aflps and the effect of the t1bl.1rs translocation. | bobwhite is a generic name that refers to all sister lines derived from the cross cm 33203 with the pedigree aurora//kalyan/bluebird/3/woodpecker made by the cimmyt bread wheat program in the early 1970s. individual sister lines can be distinguished by their unique selection history. one of the parents, aurora, contains the t1bl.1rs translocation from rye, and approximately 85% of the sister lines have inherited the translocation. the sister lines demonstrate great variability for agronomic trai ... | 2002 | 12582648 |
| molecular characterization of wheat polyphenol oxidase (ppo). | it is well-established that the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (ppo) is involved in undesirable browning of noodles, chapattis, middle east flat breads and steamed breads. methods for measuring ppo activity have been developed, and the variation of ppo activity among wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) cultivars has been well documented. however, there is no report on the identification and characterization of a wheat ppo gene. pcr performed on wheat genomic dna with oligonucleotide primers designed from c ... | 2002 | 12582641 |
| the effect of a deficiency and a deletion on recombination in chromosome 1bl in wheat. | to test two models of chiasma allocation and the distribution of crossing-over in chromosomes, genetic mapping was performed in normal, deletion and deficiency chromosome arms 1bl of wheat, triticum aestivum l. shortening of the chromosome arm, either by a deletion of the proximal half of the arm or by a deficiency of the terminal quarter of the arm's length, significantly reduced the frequency of multiple crossovers but did not affect the distribution of the distal, presumably the first, crosso ... | 2002 | 12582631 |
| characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite markers from aegilops tauschii and transferability to the d-genome of bread wheat. | microsatellites were isolated from a aegilops tauschii (the d-genome donor of bread wheat) library enriched for various motifs. primers generated from the flanking region of the microsatellites were used successfully to amplify the corresponding loci in the d genome of bread wheat. additional amplification sometimes also occurred from the a and b genomes. the majority of the microsatellites contained (ga)(n) and (gt)(n) motifs. ga and gt repeats appeared to be both more abundant in this library ... | 2002 | 12582627 |
| comparison of homoeologous group-6 short arm physical maps of wheat and barley reveals a similar distribution of recombinogenic and gene-rich regions. | eighty two new loci, mapped with 51 dna clones, were added to the earlier deletion maps of the homoeologous group-6 short arms of hexaploid wheat ( triticum aestivum l. em thell., 2n = 6 x = 42, aabbdd). there are now 41, 56 and 52 loci mapped on deletion maps of 6as, 6bs and 6ds, respectively. the linear order of orthologous loci in all three arms appears to be identical. the majority of the loci are located in the distal one-half of the three arms. there seems to be an increased marker/gene de ... | 2002 | 12582615 |
| genes responding to vernalization in hexaploid wheat. | genotype-specific gene expression in response to vernalization in common wheat was examined by the differential display method. two near-isogenic lines of vrn-a1 ( vrn-a1 for the spring type and vrn-a1 for the winter type) were treated by vernalization of developing embryos in detached-ear cultures. this treatment was effective to promote vrn-a1 genotypes to head at a time equivalent to that of vrn-a1. differential cdna fragments were isolated by the rt-pcr method from embryos subjected to verna ... | 2002 | 12582606 |
| flow karyotyping and chromosome sorting in bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). | previously, we reported on the development of procedures for chromosome analysis and sorting using flow cytometry (flow cytogenetics) in bread wheat. that study indicated the possibility of sorting large quantities of intact chromosomes, and their suitability for analysis at the molecular level. however, due to the lack of sufficient differences in size between individual chromosomes, only chromosome 3b could be sorted into a high-purity fraction. the present study aimed to identify wheat stocks ... | 2002 | 12582592 |
| identification of novel low m(r) glutenin subunits in the high quality bread wheat cv salmone and their effects on gluten quality. | southern-blot hybridization with a probe specific for genes encoding for low m(r) glutenin subunits showed that the high quality bread wheat cv salmone contains two dna fragments designated as sf720 and sf750. these fragments were found to occur on the chromosome-1b satellite, and to be associated with the presence of two strongly staining low m(r) glutenin subunits in the two-dimensional a-page x sds-page pattern of cv salmone. comparison of 65 f(6) random lines derived from the cross between c ... | 2002 | 12582560 |
| mixing of maize and wheat genomic dna by somatic hybridization in regenerated sterile maize plants. | intergeneric somatic hybridization was performed between albino maize ( zea mays l.) protoplasts and mesophyll protoplasts of wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) by polyethylene glycol (peg) treatments. none of the parental protoplasts were able to produce green plants without fusion. the maize cells regenerated only rudimentary albino plantlets of limited viability, and the wheat mesophyll protoplasts were unable to divide. peg-mediated fusion treatments resulted in hybrid cells with mixed cytoplasm. ... | 2002 | 12582555 |
| genetic mapping of 66 new microsatellite (ssr) loci in bread wheat. | in hexaploid bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l. em. thell), ten members of the iwmmn ( international wheat microsatellites mapping network) collaborated in extending the microsatellite (ssr = simple sequence repeat) genetic map. among a much larger number of microsatellite primer pairs developed as a part of the wmc ( wheat microsatellite consortium), 58 out of 176 primer pairs tested were found to be polymorphic between the parents of the itmi ( international triticeae mapping initiative) mappi ... | 2002 | 12582546 |
| studies of the transferability of microsatellites derived from triticum tauschii to hexaploid wheat and to diploid related species using amplification, hybridization and sequence comparisons. | hexaploid wheat ( triticum aestivum l em thell) is derived from a complex hybridization procedure involving three diploid species carrying the a, b and d genomes, respectively. we recently isolated microsatellites from a t. tauschii library enriched for various motifs and evaluated the transferability of these markers to several diploid species carrying the a, b or d genomes. all of the primer pairs amplifying more than one locus on bread wheat and half of those giving d-genome-specific loci gav ... | 2002 | 12582487 |
| assessing genetic diversity of wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) germplasm using microsatellite markers. | a set of 24 wheat microsatellite markers, representing at least one marker from each chromosome, was used for the assessment of genetic diversity in 998 accessions of hexaploid bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) which originated from 68 countries of five continents. a total of 470 alleles were detected with an average allele number of 18.1 per locus. the highest number of alleles per locus was detected in the b genome with 19.9, compared to 17.4 and 16.5 for genomes a and d, respectively. the l ... | 2002 | 12582483 |
| study of the relationship between pre-harvest sprouting and grain color by quantitative trait loci analysis in a whitexred grain bread-wheat cross. | in many wheat ( triticum aestivuml.) growing areas, pre-harvest sprouting (phs) may cause important damage, and in particular, it has deleterious effects on bread-making quality. the relationship between phs and grain color is well known and could be due either to the pleiotropic effect of genes controlling red-testa pigmentation ( r) or to linkage between these genes and other genes affecting phs. in the present work, we have studied a population of 194 recombinant inbred lines from the cross b ... | 2002 | 12579426 |
| a strategy for enhancing recombination in proximal regions of chromosomes. | as a rule, recombination in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is low in proximal and high in distal regions of chromosomes. recombination may be enhanced in proximal regions by using deletion (del) chromosomes deficient for a distal part of a chromosome arm. the chromosome del5bl-11 derived from chinese spring (cs) is missing 41% of the distal long arm. this line was made polymorphic by crossing with a stock in which chromosome 5b of cs (5b(cs)) is substituted for chromosome 5b of t. turgidum s ... | 2002 | 12575793 |
| [molecular analysis of leaf-rust resistant introgression lines obtained by crossing hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum with tetraploid wheat triticum timopheevii]. | twenty-four triticum eastivum x t. timopheevii hybrid lines developed on the basis of five varieties of common wheat and resistant to leaf rust were analyzed by the use of microsatellite markers specific for hexaploid common wheat t. aestivum. investigation of intervarietal polymorphism of the markers showed that the number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 4, depending on the marker (2.5 on average). in t. timopheevii, amplification fragments are produced by 80, 55, and 30% of primers speci ... | 2002 | 12575450 |
| an x-ray micro-tomography system optimised for the low-dose study of living organisms. | an x-ray micro-tomography system has been designed that is dedicated to the low-dose imaging of radiation sensitive living organisms and has been used to image the early development of the first few days of plant development immediately after germination. the system is based on third-generation x-ray micro-tomography system and consists of an x-ray tube, two-dimensional x-ray detector and a mechanical sample manipulation stage. the x-ray source is a 50kvp x-ray tube with a silver target with a f ... | 2003 | 12573316 |
| intracellular feruloylation of arabinoxylan in wheat: evidence for feruloyl-glucose as precursor. | incorporation of [(3)h]arabinose and [(14)c]ferulic acid into soluble and polymeric fractions from suspension-cultured wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cells and the corresponding extracellular medium was studied. the major part of these products was identified as arabinoxylan and two proteins of 40 and 100 kda. the time course suggests an intracellular synthesis of feruloylated arabinoxylan with feruloyl-glucose as substrate. in contrast, synthesis of feruloylated proteins appears to occur with fer ... | 2003 | 12569404 |
| synthesis and quantitative structure-activity relationships of oxanilates as chemical hybridizing agents for wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | chemical hybridizing agents (chas) can facilitate two-line breeding in heterosis programs of crops. twenty-seven oxanilates having different aromatic substitutions were synthesized and screened as chas on two genotypes of wheat, pbw 343 and hd 2733, during two rabi (winter) seasons, 2000-01 and 2001-02. the oxanilates prepared by thermal condensation of anilines with diethyl oxalate or by acylation with ethoxycarbonyl methanoyl chloride were sprayed at 1000 and 1500 ppm at the premeiotic stage o ... | 2003 | 12568561 |
| [mechanism and universality of yoda's -3/2 law of self-thinning in plant population]. | according to plant modular theory, the yoda's-3/2 law of self-thinning was theoretically rederived in this paper. with the parameters in the expression of yoda's-3/2 law being given biological meanings, this article offered universal and rational explanations for relevant data in literatures that could not be explained before. based on the authors' hypothesis, the experiments on the self-thinning process of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were conducted. individual morphological and populati ... | 2002 | 12561166 |
| antisense snf1-related (snrk1) protein kinase gene represses transient activity of an alpha-amylase (alpha-amy2) gene promoter in cultured wheat embryos. | a dna fragment corresponding to part of an snf1 (sucrose non-fermenting-1)-related protein kinase (snrk1) transcript was amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from a wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm cdna library. it was used to construct a chimaeric gene, puassnrkn, comprising a ubiquitin promoter, the snrk1 pcr product in the antisense orientation and the nopaline synthase (nos) gene terminator. this construct was used in transient gene expression experiments in cultured wheat embry ... | 2003 | 12554717 |
| stable sulfur isotope ratio indicates long-term changes in sulfur deposition in the broadbalk experiment since 1845. | archived wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grain and straw, and soil samples from the control plot of the rothamsted broadbalk experiment, located in southeastern england and established in 1843, were used to investigate the effects of dramatically changing so2 pollution inputs on the concentrations and stable isotope ratios (delta34s) of s in the samples. representative coal samples from uk major coal fields were also determined for delta34s. concentrations of s showed no clear trends in either grai ... | 2017 | 12549539 |
| growth and yield of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) near a high voltage transmission line. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of an electromagnetic field from a high voltage transmission line on the yield of agricultural crops cultivated underneath and near the transmission line. for 5 years, experiments with winter wheat and corn were carried out near the 380 kv transmission line dürnrohr (austria)-slavetice (czech republic). different field strengths were tested by planting the crops at different distances from the transmission line. the plants were grown in ex ... | 2003 | 12524675 |
| segregation analysis of heading traits in hexaploid wheat utilizing recombinant inbred lines. | the purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic segregation of heading traits in wheat using recombinant inbred lines (rils) of hexaploid wheat, derived from triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring and t. spelta var. duhameliamum. the population was examined under controlled environmental conditions as well as in the field. this strategy differentiated the effect of three genetic factors (vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity and narrow-sense earliness) and identified their intera ... | 2003 | 12522426 |
| physiological and biochemical responses of two cultivars of wheat to elevated levels of co2 and so2, singly and in combination. | in view of the present increasing trends of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (co2) and sulphur dioxide (so2) throughout the world, the present study was aimed at investigating the long-term influence of elevated concentrations of co2 and so2, singly and in combination on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of two cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. malviya 234 and hp1209). for this purpose, the plants were grown in open top chambers under field conditions and were ... | 2003 | 12521107 |
| [hydrous and photosynthetic adaptations of common and durum wheat to saline stress]. | seven varieties of bred wheat and seven varieties of durum wheat were cultivated in three different sites from the area of errachidia (southeastern morocco). these sites differ by the degree of salinity in the irrigation water. results obtained showed that the reduction in leaf area is the principal strategy that makes it possible to attenuate the effects of the reduction in the availability of water under saline stress. bread wheat, which limited the reduction in the leaf area, with the risk to ... | 2002 | 12506723 |
| differential effects of cultivated and wild barley 5h chromosomes on heading characters in wheat-barley chromosome addition lines. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.)-barley (hordeum vulgare l.) chromosome addition lines are possible vehicles for transferring barley genes into wheat. the barley 5h chromosome has genetic effects on the heading characters in wheat-barley addition lines: accelerating narrow-sense earliness, decreasing vernalization requirement and/or increasing photoperiodic sensitivity. to elucidate the effects of different 5h chromosomes under an identical wheat genetic background, two wheat-barley addition lines, ... | 2002 | 12471665 |
| sequence tagged microsatellite profiling (stmp): improved isolation of dna sequence flanking target ssrs. | sequence tagged microsatellite profiling (stmp) enables the rapid development of large numbers of co-dominant dna markers, known as sequence tagged microsatellites (stms). each stm is amplified by pcr using a single primer specific to the conserved dna sequence flanking the microsatellite repeat in combination with a universal primer that anchors to the 5'-ends of the microsatellites. it is also possible to convert stms into conventional microsatellite, or simple sequence repeat (ssr), markers t ... | 2002 | 12466561 |
| [effect of preparations exhibiting cytokinin-like activity on the specific density of leaf in grasses]. | the effects of synthetic preparations exhibiting cytokinin-like activity (6-benzylaminopurine, thidiazuron, and kartolin-2) on the specific leaf area (sla) were studied in plants of the family gramineae (wheat, triticum aestivum l.; meadow fescue, festuca pratensis huds.; and reed fescue, f. arindinacea schreb.). at the early stages of ontogeny (until the leaf area reached 50-60% of the maximum value), treatment of plants of the three species with cytokinin-like preparations caused an increase i ... | 2016 | 12449801 |
| the voltage-independent cation channel in the plasma membrane of wheat roots is permeable to divalent cations and may be involved in cytosolic ca2+ homeostasis. | a voltage-independent cation (vic) channel has been identified in the plasma membrane of wheat (triticum aestivum) root cells (p.j. white [1999] trends plant sci 4: 245-246). several physiological functions have been proposed for this channel, including roles in cation nutrition, osmotic adjustment, and charge compensation. here, we observe that ca(2+) permeates this vic channel when assayed in artificial, planar lipid bilayers, and, using an energy barrier model to describe cation fluxes, predi ... | 2002 | 12428003 |
| genus-specific localization of the taii family of tandem-repetitive sequences in either the centromeric or subtelomeric regions in triticeae species (poaceae) and its evolution in wheat. | the taii family sequences are classified as tandem repetitive dna sequences present in the genome of tribe triticeae, and are localized in the centromeric regions of common wheat, but in the subtelomeric heterochromatic regions of leymus racemosus and related species. in this study, we investigated the chromosomal distribution of taii family sequences in other triticeae species. the results demonstrated a centromeric localization in genera triticum and aegilops and subtelomeric localization in o ... | 2002 | 12416628 |
| non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is post-translationally phosphorylated in heterotrophic cells of wheat (triticum aestivum). | in wheat, non-phosphorylating, nadp-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapn) was found to be encoded by one gene giving rise to a single protein. however, western blots revealed two different subunits of about 58 and 60 kda in endosperm and shoots. the latter was attributed to in vivo phosphorylation of shoot gapn. no modification occurred in leaves, where the enzyme is composed by a single 58 kda polypeptide. gapn partially purified from shoots and endosperm was dephosphorylate ... | 2002 | 12387887 |
| germination and growth inhibitors from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) husks. | on the basis of our findings that the germination of intact wheat seeds (with husks) belonging to dormancy varieties was restrained as compared with that of the dehusked seeds (grains), the germination inhibitors in the husks were explored. the water-soluble extracts from the husks were separated by the aid of inhibition assay experiments, resulting in the characterization of 2-phenylethyl alcohol 1, 4-vinylphenol 2 and its 2-methoxy derivative 3, and dihydroactinidiolide 4, all of which showed ... | 2002 | 12381108 |
| semi-specific pcr for the evaluation of diversity among cultivars of wheat and triticale. | the usefulness of a semispecific pcr system for the evaluation of genetic diversity among selected cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and triticale (x triticosecale wittm.) was investigated. a comparison was made of the diversity among cultivars of both species as revealed by primers targetting the semi-conservative sequences of the intron-exon junction. the main purpose of the study was the selection of the most informative primers from among the exon targetting (et) and intron targettin ... | 2002 | 12378263 |
| the abscisic acid-responsive kinase pkaba1 interacts with a seed-specific abscisic acid response element-binding factor, taabf, and phosphorylates taabf peptide sequences. | the abscisic acid (aba)-induced protein kinase pkaba1 is present in dormant seeds and is a component of the signal transduction pathway leading to aba-suppressed gene expression in cereal grains. we have identified a member of the aba response element-binding factor (abf) family of basic leucine zipper transcription factors from wheat (triticum aestivum) that is specifically bound by pkaba1. this protein (taabf) has highest sequence similarity to the arabidopsis aba response protein abi5. in two ... | 2002 | 12376648 |
| effects of lanthanum and cerium on the vegetable growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | | 2002 | 12375123 |
| investigation and correction of the gene-derived sequence of glutenin subunit 1dx2 by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry. | direct matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tofms) analysis of a mixture of tryptic peptides was used to verify the gene-derived amino acid sequence of the high molecular weight (hmw) subunit 1dx2 of bread wheat. analysis of the digest was performed by recording several maldi mass spectra of the mixture at low, medium and high mass ranges, and optimising the matrix and the acquisition parameters for each mass range. this resulted in coverage of the ... | 2002 | 12362381 |
| [protective role of kartolin-4 in soil drought in wheat plants]. | parameters of photosynthesis, heat-resistance, and osmotic pressure of cell exudate of leaves of the drought-sensitive cultivar lyutestsens 758 of wheat, triticum aestivum, were studied under conditions of normal water supply, soil drought, and subsequent rehydration. the plants preliminarily treated with kartolin-4 were compared to untreated plants. kartolin-4, a preparation with cytokininlike activity, partially prevented the drought-induced inhibition of the photosynthetic assimilation of car ... | 2017 | 12325301 |
| ca(2+)-induced high amplitude swelling and cytochrome c release from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mitochondria under anoxic stress. | under stress conditions, mitochondria sense metabolic changes, e.g. in ph, cytoplasmic ca(2+), energy status, and reactive oxygen species (ros), and respond by induction of the permeability transition pore (ptp) and by releasing cytochrome c, thus initiating the programmed cell death (pcd) cascade in animal cells. in plant cells, the presence of all the components of the cascade has not yet been shown. in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) root mitochondria, the onset of anoxia caused rapid dissipatio ... | 2002 | 12324275 |
| interaction between drought and chronic high temperature during kernel filling in wheat in a controlled environment. | wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. 'lyallpur'), limited to a single culm, were grown at day/night temperatures of either 18/13 degrees c (moderate temperature), or 27/22 degrees c (chronic high temperature) from the time of anthesis. plants were either non-droughted or subjected to two post-anthesis water stresses by withholding water from plants grown in different volumes of potting mix. in selected plants the demand for assimilates by the ear was reduced by removal of all but the five central ... | 2002 | 12324270 |
| transfer of rye chromosome segments to wheat by a gametocidal system. | a gametocidal chromosome derived from aegilops triuncialis (3c) induces chromosome mutations in gametes lacking the 3c chromosome in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). we combined 3c with chromosome 1r of rye (secale cereale l.) in a common wheat line to know how efficiently 3c induces transfers of small 1r segments to wheat. in the 811 progeny of this wheat line, we found five wheat chromosomes (2a, 2d, 3d, 5d and 7d) carrying segments of the 1r satellite. wheat plants carrying these transloc ... | 2002 | 12296517 |
| a germination-related gene encoding a serine carboxypeptidase is expressed during the differentiation of the vascular tissue in wheat grains and seedlings. | carboxypeptidases expressed in the aleurone layer participate in the mobilization of endosperm storage proteins during cereal grain germination. the genes encoding these proteins are also expressed in the scutellum of germinating grains, but their function in this organ is not yet clear. we have analyzed the expression of a carboxypeptidase iii (cpiii) gene in germinating wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grains. cpiii transcripts accumulated transiently in the scutellum showing a maximum at 2-3 days ... | 2002 | 12244437 |
| transgenic wheat plants resistant to herbicide basta obtained by microprojectile bombardment. | wheat (triticum aestivum) transgenic plants of an important commercial cv (oasis) was obtained with an efficient and short procedure. first, the optimum conditions for the embryogenic calli generation from immature embryos with a high regeneration percentage were established. the transformation of calli was performed by high velocity microprojectile bombardment, using the pahc25 plasmid, which contains the reporter gene beta-glucuronidase (gus) and the selectable bar gene which confers resistanc ... | 2002 | 12240555 |
| [reorganization of the tubulin and actin cytoskeleton under acclimation and abscisic acid treatment of triticum aestivum l. plants]. | only scanty and contradictory data are available concerning effects of low temperatures and aba on the structural organization of microtubules (mts) and microfilaments (mfs), and no information exists on the interaction of these parameters at cold acclimation of plants. therefore, in cold acclimate and aba-treated winter wheat plants, a comparative study was made of the state (localization, orientation, structure) and stability of actin and tubulin cytoskeleton in root cells taken from different ... | 2002 | 12236096 |
| arabinoxylan biosynthesis in wheat. characterization of arabinosyltransferase activity in golgi membranes. | arabinoxylan arabinosyltransferase (ax-arat) activity was investigated using microsomes and golgi vesicles isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings. incubation of microsomes with udp-[(14)c]-beta-l-arabinopyranose resulted in incorporation of radioactivity into two different products, although most of the radioactivity was present in xylose (xyl), indicating a high degree of udp-arabinose (ara) epimerization. in isolated golgi vesicles, the epimerization was negligible, and incubation w ... | 2002 | 12226522 |
| tandemly duplicated safener-induced glutathione s-transferase genes from triticum tauschii contribute to genome- and organ-specific expression in hexaploid wheat. | glutathione s-transferase (gst) gene expression was examined in several triticum species, differing in genome constitution and ploidy level, to determine genome contribution to gst expression in cultivated, hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum). two tandemly duplicated tau class gst genes (ttgstu1 and ttgstu2) were isolated from a single bacterial artificial chromosome clone in a library constructed from the diploid wheat and d genome progenitor to cultivated wheat, triticum tauschii. the ge ... | 2002 | 12226515 |
| so42- deprivation has an early effect on the content of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and photosynthesis in young leaves of wheat. | wheat (triticum aestivum cv chinese spring) supplied with 0.45 mm so42- for 14 d with relative growth rates (rgr) of 0.22 to 0.24 d-1 was deprived of s for 7 to 8 d. there was no significant effect on rgr or leaf development (leaf 2 length was constant; leaf 3 expanded for 2-4 d; leaf 4 emerged and elongated throughout the experiment) during the s deprivation. in controls the net assimilation rate (a) closely reflected leaf ontogeny. s deprivation affected a in all leaves, particularly leaf 4, i ... | 1997 | 12223869 |
| sorption of aluminum to plasma membrane vesicles isolated from roots of scout 66 and atlas 66 cultivars of wheat. | to further elucidate the mechanisms of differential genotypic tolerance to al, plasma membrane (pm) vesicles were isolated from whole roots, root tips, and tipless roots of al3+-sensitive and al3+-tolerant cultivars (cv) of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv scout 66 and cv atlas 66, respectively). vesicles from cv scout root tips sorbed more al than vesicles prepared from any other source. the intrinsic surface-charge density of vesicles isolated from cv scout was 26% more negative than vesicles fr ... | 1997 | 12223862 |
| possible involvement of al-induced electrical signals in al tolerance in wheat. | the relationship between al-induced depolarization of root-cell transmembrane electrical potentials (em) and al tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated. al exposure induced depolarizations of em in the al-tolerant wheat cultivars atlas and et3, but not in the al-sensitive wheat cultivars scout and es3. the depolarizations of em occured in root cap cells and as far back as 10 mm from the root tip. the depolarization was specific to al3+; no depolarization was observed when root ... | 1997 | 12223834 |
| characterization of water channels in wheat root membrane vesicles. | the functional significance of water channels in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) root membranes was assessed using light scattering to measure vesicle shrinking in response to osmotic gradients rapidly imposed in a stopped flow apparatus. vesicles were obtained from both a plasma membrane fraction and a plasma membrane-depleted endomembrane fraction including tonoplast vesicles. osmotic water permeability (pos) in the endomembrane fraction was high (pos= 86.0 [mu]m s-1) with a low activation energy ... | 1997 | 12223824 |
| [effect of clipping at seedling stage on growth and yield of spring wheat]. | the compensation for spring wheat (triticum aestivum) under simulated herbivory stress by clipping was examined in a semi-arid region of gansu province in 1996. the results showed that clipping at seedling stage reduced spring wheat growth under two irrigation conditions. the yield of spring wheat generally under-compensated the clipping effect. heavy clipping (cutting all leaves above the ground, t0, t1) resulted in a more serious reduction in yield, compared with light clipping cutting half of ... | 2002 | 12222043 |
| combinatorial labelling of dna probes enables multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation in plants. | this paper demonstrates a simple but effective use of combinatorial probes to label plant chromosomes by multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (fish). three different dna probes were labelled with only two different fluorophores, hybridised to somatic metaphase chromosomes of secale cereale and triticum aestivum, simultaneously visualised, and unequivocally distinguished in a single fish experiment. combinatorial labelling can augment karyotypical investigations, physical mapping of chr ... | 2002 | 12219843 |
| flow cytometric analyses of intraplant nuclear dna content variation induced by sticky chromosomes. | in several plant species, sticky chromosomes are a consequence of genetic mutations or environmental effects on mitosis and meiosis. sticky chromosomes result in an unequal distribution of genetic material in daughter cells. this unequal distribution is hypothesized to result in an increase in the coefficient of variation (cv) of the g1 peak of dividing cells. | 2002 | 12210609 |
| transport interactions between cadmium and zinc in roots of bread and durum wheat seedlings. | field studies have shown that the addition of zn to cd-containing soils can help reduce accumulation of cd in crop plants. to understand the mechanisms involved, this study used 109cd and 65zn to examine the transport interactions of zn and cd at the root cell plasma membrane of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. durum). results showed that cd2+ uptake was inhibited by zn2+ and zn2+ uptake was inhibited by cd2+. concentration-dependent uptake of both cd ... | 2002 | 12207664 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci for plant height in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using a f2:3 population. | to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling plant height, the plant height of 240 f2:3 lines derived from the cross of a dwarf wheat line nd3338 with a tall line f390, was assessed in field trials at two locations with three replications in 2000 and 2001. microsatellite markers were used to construct a framework linkage map containing 215 loci with 21 linkage groups, and covering the whole genome about 3600cm. with the method of interval mapping, seven putative qtls affecting plant heig ... | 2002 | 12200862 |
| [screening for resistance gene candidate from a genomic tac library of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa translocation line 6vs/6al by pooled pcr]. | a pair of degenerate primers were designed based on nbs (nucleotide binding site, nbs) domain of resistance(r) gene and used to perform pcr with cdna from the translocation line 6vs/6al of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa. a clone (n7) characterized with nbs was obtained by sequencing analysis. two specific primers were designed from the n7 sequence and used to screen a genomic tac (transformation-competent artificial chromosome, tac) library of 6vs/6al consisting of ca. 2 x 10(6) clones. the ... | 2002 | 12192864 |
| [identification of blue grained wheat and its irradiation-mutated offsprings by genomic in situ hybridization (gish)]. | transferring useful chromosome(s), chromosomal fragment(s) or genes from related species into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an effective method for improving wheat cultivars, and dna:dna in situ hybridization has been proven to be an effective method for directly demonstrating alien chromosome number and distribution in plant. in this study, genomic in situ hybridization (gish) was used to identify the chromosomal constitutions of the blue-grained wheat blue-58 originated from distant h ... | 2002 | 12182082 |
| genomic targeting and high-resolution mapping of the domestication gene q in wheat. | the q locus is largely responsible for the domestication of bread wheat. q confers the free-threshing character of the spike and influences other important agronomic traits. using chromosome deletion lines, q was placed on the physical map within a submicroscopic segment of the long arm of chromosome 5a. we targeted markers to the segment by comparative mapping of anonymous rflp clones, aflp, and mrna differential display analysis of deletion lines 5al-7 and -23, which have deletion breakpoints ... | 2002 | 12175074 |
| assessment of genomic diversity among wheat genotypes as determined by simple sequence repeats. | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) have been used to examine the genomic diversity of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germplasm. thirteen wheat genotypes of diverse origin were analyzed with 43 selected ssrs to provide uniform and maximum genome coverage. a total of 156 allelic variants were detected at 43 ssr loci, ranging from two to eight per locus with an average of 3.6. the polymorphic information content (pic) values of the loci ranged from 0.10 (xgwm264) to 0.89 (xgwm471 and xgwm577). genetic si ... | 2002 | 12175067 |
| assessment of plant uptake of radioactive nickel from soils. | as a result of isotopic dilution, the availability to plants of radioisotopes introduced into the soil solution should be directly related to the size of the isotopically exchangeable pool (e(t))-value). this work was undertaken to test this hypothesis for the radionuclide 63ni. the demonstration was based on pot experiments conducted with seven soils representing a large range of ni content (from 9.9 mg kg(-1) to 862.6 mg kg(-1)) which were mixed with a 63nicl2 solution (100 kbq kg(-1)). three ... | 2002 | 12171471 |
| differential stress responses of early salt-stress responding genes in common wheat. | four early salt-stress responding genes (wesr1-4) in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were analyzed for their temporal accumulation of mrna during salt stress, osmotic stress and abscisic acid (aba) treatment. all genes showed transient stimulation by 0.15 m nacl treatment. wesr1 and wesr2 were induced by both osmotic stress and exogenous aba treatment. wesr3 responded to exogenous aba, but not to osmotic stress. wesr4 did not show significant response to either osmotic stress or exogenous ab ... | 2002 | 12169305 |
| the triticeae genetic resources of central italy: collection, evaluation and conservation. | one hundred and six landraces belonging to 7 species of the triticeae tribe were collected in central italy by dbvba (perugia university), dibiaga (ancona university) and arssa (abruzzo region agricultural development agency) in different individual and joint missions. a few accessions were supplied by private and other public organisations. triticum dicoccum schubler is the most widespread species, followed by t. aestivum l., t. monococcum l., t. spelta l., t. turgidum var. durum desf., secale ... | 2001 | 12152333 |
| identification of intergenomic translocations involving wheat, hordeum vulgare and hordeum chilense chromosomes by fish. | intergenomic translocations between wheat, hordeum chilense and hordeum vulgare have been obtained in tritordeum background. advanced lines from the crosses between three disomic chromosome addition lines for chromosome 2hv, 3hv, and 4hv of barley (hordeum vulgare) in triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring (cs) and hexaploid tritordeum (2n = 6x = 42, aabbhchhch) were analyzed. multicolor fish using both genomic dna from h. chilense and h. vulgare were used to establish the presence and numbers of ... | 2001 | 12152330 |
| detection of alien chromosomes from s-genome species in the addition/substitution lines of bread wheat and visualization of a-, b- and d-genomes by gish. | a modified approach based on the gish technique for detecting introgressed chromosomes/chromosome arms from closely related s-genome species to wheat genome and for visualization of a-, b- and d-genomes of triticum aestivum l. (genome aabbdd, 2n = 6x = 42) is presented. for detecting alien chromosomes we investigated two lines of bread wheat, one is an addition line with a pair of chromosome no. 4 short arms from aegilops searsii (4sss) and a wheat substitution line with a pair of chromosomes no ... | 2001 | 12152324 |
| bioaccumulation of lanthanum and cerium and their effects on the growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | through short-term exposure (7-d exposure), long-term exposure (16-d exposure) and exposure-recovery (7-d exposure + 9-d recovery), the bioaccumulation and distribution of la and ce and their effects on growth of wheat seedlings were studied. addition of la (0.5-25 mg/l) and ce (0.5-25 mg/l) to the culture medium individually and in combination inhibited primary root elongation, reduced the dry weight of roots and shoots and the content of mineral elements (ca, mg, k, cu, zn). the damage increas ... | 2002 | 12143937 |
| [studies on fertility genes and its genetic characters in d2-type cms lines of common wheat]. | the kinds of fertility genes and its genetic characters for d2-type cms lines of common wheat were studied, the results showed: (1) for d2-type cms line, there was wide restoring sources and high digree of restoration in common wheat varieties (the restoring degree of 33.61% varieties exceeded 50%), and new cms lines were easily bred (25.21% varieties could maintain male sterility). these characters indicated that d2-type cms line was higher value in applied study, compared with t, k, v-type cms ... | 2002 | 12143315 |
| [development of new pcr markers specific to a thinopyrum intermedium chromosome 2ai-2 and cloning of the st-specific sequences]. | to meet the need of selecting translocation lines, some new rapd markers for 2ai-2 chromosome of th. intermedium were identified in the paper. out of 320 rapd primers, 2 specific primers, opo05 and opm04, can amplify respectively a specific band with size of about 650 bp and 1400 bp in the bydv resistant materials containing the chromosome 2ai-2, including th. intermedium, wheat-th. intermedium partial amphipoild zhong 4 awnless, addition lines z1, z2 and z6, f1(z2/wan7107) and substitute line z ... | 2002 | 12143313 |
| [morphology of wheat roots under low-phosphorus stress]. | the morphology of root systems of different wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes under low-phosphorus stress were studied to determine the effects of external factors on components of root system and the early morphological indicators related to phosphorus efficiency. the number of root axes and the length of lateral root of p-deficient plant were significantly lower than those of p-sufficient plant. the length of root axis and root system, and the number of lateral roots were sharply increase ... | 2002 | 12132156 |
| proteomic analysis of amphiphilic proteins of hexaploid wheat kernels. | wheat proteins and specially gluten proteins have been well studied and are closely associated with baking products. amphiphilic proteins (proteins that are soluble using nonionic detergent triton x-114 ) also play an important role in wheat quality. some of them, like puroindolines, are lipid binding proteins, and are strongly linked to dough foaming properties and to fine crumb texture. however many amphiphilic proteins are still unknown and both their physiological and technological functions ... | 2002 | 12112842 |
| aluminium triggers malate-independent potassium release via ion channels from the root apex in wheat. | the regulatory mechanisms for the aluminium (al)-induced efflux of k(+) and malate from the root apex of al-resistant wheat ( triticum aestivum l. cv. atlas) were characterized. treatment with 20 mm tetraethylammonium (tea) chloride, a k(+)-channel inhibitor, blocked the al-induced k(+) efflux by 65%, but blocked the al-induced malate efflux only slightly. lanthanum (la(3+)) or ytterbium (yb(3+)) strongly inhibited the k(+) efflux, but slightly increased malate efflux. these lanthanides applied ... | 2002 | 12111222 |
| [effects of the enhanced uv-b radiation on the body cell mitosis of the wheat]. | the chromosomal mutation and mitosis of the wheat (triticum aestivum, cv. 93-4736) were observed under the condition of the enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation. the results showed that the number of cells in mitosis of the uv-b treatments was 68.09% of the control, indicating that the uv-b treatment significantly inhibited division of root tip cells in wheat. using t-test at p < or = 0.05, there was a significant difference between the control and the treatments. the enhanced uv-b significantly inc ... | 2002 | 12096633 |
| [genetic analysis on restorer genes of d2-type cms lines of common wheat]. | on the basis of genetic characters of d2-type cms lines, restorer lines yi4060, m8003, 6d/6r, gr1, 960789, bao769-22-1 et al. were gained from crossing selection. the results of genetic analysis of f2, f1bc1 population and allelic analysis of restorer genes, successive selection of self fertility from f1 showed that fertility restoration of these restorer lines was controlled by two pair independent major-genes(dominant) and different-dosage minor genes. authors proposed that the two pair indepe ... | 2002 | 12096632 |
| characterization of two non-homoeologous nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial alternative oxidase in common wheat. | mitochondrial alternative oxidase (aox) is the terminal oxidase responsible for cyanide-insensitive and salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive respiration. we have isolated two non-homoeologous genes (waox1a and waox1c) encoding aox proteins from common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). these two genes were orthologous to rice aox1a and aox1c, and their exon/intron structure was conserved, as it is in most other plant aox genes. southern blot analysis indicated that both waox1a and waox1c were located in ... | 2002 | 12087190 |
| genotypic and nutrition-dependent variation in water use efficiency and photosynthetic activity of leaves in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | effects of high and reduced npk nutrition on the genetic variation of components of water use efficiency at the leaf and whole-plant levels were examined in pot-grown old and modern cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). at the subsequent growth stages, the photosynthetic rate (a), transpiration rate (e), leaf area (la) and gas exchange efficiency (a/e) were measured on fully developed 4th, 5th, penultimate and flag leaves. at the plant canopy level, the total amount of water transpir ... | 2002 | 12080171 |
| a simplified aflp method for fingerprinting of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | the simplified aflp method was developed and evaluated for identification and genetic diversity studies of wheat cultivars. selective primers exploited in aflp assay based on a single cutting enzyme psti ((psti)aflp) generated total of 111 robust fragments, including 67 (60%) monomorphic and 12 (11%) cultivar-specific markers. average similarity between 15 cultivars was 0.650, and varied from 0.293 ('hope' vs. 'aurora') to 0.865 ('norman' vs. 'hornet'). mean similarities within groups of winter ... | 2002 | 12080170 |
| chelate-assisted phytoextraction of lead from a contaminated soil using wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | | 2002 | 12068937 |
| genes encoding plastid acetyl-coa carboxylase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of the triticum/aegilops complex and the evolutionary history of polyploid wheat. | the classic wheat evolutionary history is one of adaptive radiation of the diploid triticum/aegilops species (a, s, d), genome convergence and divergence of the tetraploid (triticum turgidum aabb, and triticum timopheevii aagg) and hexaploid (triticum aestivum, aabbdd) species. we analyzed acc-1 (plastid acetyl-coa carboxylase) and pgk-1 (plastid 3-phosphoglycerate kinase) genes to determine phylogenetic relationships among triticum and aegilops species of the wheat lineage and to establish the ... | 2002 | 12060759 |
| [identification, mapping, and application of a chromosome-specific rapd marker from haynaldia villosa]. | random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was performed on common wheat of chinese spring, addition lines of h. villosa chromosome in cs and h. villosum from different accessions with 100 random 10-base primers. a chromosome-specific polymorphic dna segment for h. villosa, opf02(750), was obtained from all addition lines of h. villosa chromosome in cs and h. villosum which belong to different accessions. the result amplified by primer opf02 of all addition lines of h. villosa chromosome i ... | 2002 | 12043575 |
| [genetic diversity revealed by issr molecular marker in common wheat, spelt, compactum and progeny of recurrent selection]. | it is important to estimate the genetic diversity between the parents for improving the heterosis of hybrid wheat. in this study, issr(inter-simple sequence repeat) marker was used to measure the genetic diversity within and among common wheat (triticum aestivum l.), spelt (triticum spelta l.), compactum (triticum compactum host.) and progeny of foreign wheat-based recurrent selection, and the possibility of establishing the new heterotic group was also assessed. forty seven genotypes were used ... | 2002 | 12043574 |
| activation volumes of processes linked to the phototransformation of protochlorophyllide determined by fluorescence spectroscopy at high pressure. | the photochemical activity of nadph:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (por) was studied in etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum, l., cult. mv17) leaf homogenates. the kinetics of the transformation of protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide was detected by fluorescence intensity changes at 690 nm (formation of chlorophyllide) and 655 nm (decay of protochlorophyllide) at 20 degrees c, excited at 440 nm while the pressure was varied between 0.1 and 400 mpa. both kinetics could be fitted by two expo ... | 2002 | 12034465 |
| hordoindolines are associated with a major endosperm-texture qtl in barley (hordeum vulgare). | endosperm texture has a tremendous impact on the end-use quality of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). cultivars of barley (hordeum vulgare l.), a close relative of wheat, also vary measurably in grain hardness. however, in contrast to wheat, little is known about the genetic control of barley grain hardness. puroindolines are endosperm-specific proteins found in wheat and its relatives. in wheat, puroindoline sequence variation controls the majority of wheat grain texture variation. hordoindolines, ... | 2002 | 12033628 |
| comparative floral development of mir-grown and ethylene-treated, earth-grown super dwarf wheat. | to study plant growth in microgravity, we grew super dwarf wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the svet growth chamber onboard the orbiting russian space station, mir, and in identical ground control units at the institute of biomedical problems in moscow, russia. seedling emergence was 56% and 73% in the two root-module compartments on mir and 75% and 90% on earth. growth was vigorous (produced ca. 1 kg dry mass), and individual plants produced 5 to 8 tillers on mir compared with 3 to 5 on earth-gr ... | 2001 | 12033229 |
| water stress, co2 and photoperiod influence hormone levels in wheat. | 'super dwarf' wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants have been grown from seed to maturity in the mir space station where they were periodically exposed, because of microgravity and other constraints, to water deficit, waterlogging, high co2 levels, and low light intensities. the plants produced many tillers, but none of them produced viable seed. studies have been initiated to determine why the plants responded in these ways. in the present study, effects of the listed stresses on abscisic acid (a ... | 2002 | 12030268 |