| qualitative inheritance of water-stress induced apical sterility in wheat (triticum aestivum). | grain number per unit area is an effective component of grain yield in bread wheat. water-stress induced apical sterility (tip sterility) reduces the number of grains and, consequently, the grain yield in semi-arid regions with a shortage of available water during the pre-anthesis period. crosses between apical sterile and apical fertile varieties and selection lines were made and f1, bc1, and f2 populations were subjected to moderate water-stress to study the inheritance of this character. the ... | 2003 | 14641489 |
| inheritance and expression of stripe rust resistance in common wheat (triticum aestivum) transferred from aegilops tauschii and its utilization. | stripe rust is one of the most destructive diseases for wheat crops in china. two stripe rust physiological strains, i.e. cyr30 (intern. name: 175e191) and cyr31 (intern. name: 293e175) have been the dominant and epidemic physiological strains since 1994. one aegilops tauschii accession (sq-214) from cimmyt was found immune from or highly resistant to chinese new stripe rust races cyr30 and cyr31 at adult stage. sq-214 was crossed with a highly susceptible ae. tauschii accession as-80. analysis ... | 2003 | 14641473 |
| modeling grain nitrogen accumulation and protein composition to understand the sink/source regulations of nitrogen remobilization for wheat. | a functional explanation for the regulation of grain nitrogen (n) accumulation in cereal by environmental and genetic factors remains elusive. here, new mechanistic hypotheses of grain n accumulation are proposed and tested for wheat (triticum aestivum). first, we tested experimentally the hypothesis that grain n accumulation is mostly source regulated. four contrasting cultivars, in terms of their grain n concentrations and yield potentials, were grown with non-limiting n supply. grain number p ... | 2003 | 14630962 |
| fusarium head blight resistance in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum)-lophopyrum genetic lines and tagging of the alien chromatin by pcr markers. | the objective of this research was to identify fusarium head blight (fhb) resistance in wheat ( triticum aestivum)- lophopyrum genetic lines that might complement fhb resistance in common wheat; and to identify dna markers that can be used to tag the resistance gene in the alien chromatin (e or el(2) genome) for the development of improved wheat cultivars. fhb resistance was evaluated in 19 chinese spring- lophopyrum elongatum (ee) substitution lines, two thatcher -l. ponticum (el(1) and el(2)) ... | 2004 | 14628111 |
| multiplex pcr identification of wheat hmw glutenin subunit genes by allele-specific markers. | wheat bread-making quality is closely correlated with composition and quantity of gluten proteins, in particular with high-molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunits encoded by the glu-1 genes. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was developed to identify the allele composition of hmw glutenin complex glu-1 loci (glu-a1, glu-b1 and glu-d1) in common wheat genotypes. the study of multiplex pcr to obtain a well-balanced set of amplicons involved examination of various combinations of ... | 2003 | 14617825 |
| the ph2 pairing homoeologous locus of wheat (triticum aestivum): identification of candidate meiotic genes using a comparative genetics approach. | colinearity in gene content and order between rice and closely related grass species has emerged as a powerful tool for gene identification. using a comparative genetics approach, we have identified the rice genomic region syntenous to the region deleted in the wheat chromosome pairing mutant ph2a, with a view to identifying genes at the ph2 locus that control meiotic processes. utilising markers known to reside within the region deleted in ph2a, and data from wheat, barley and rice genetic maps ... | 2003 | 14617076 |
| molecular diversity in french bread wheat accessions related to temporal trends and breeding programmes. | a set of 41 wheat microsatellite markers (wms), giving 42 polymorphic loci (two loci on each chromosome), was used to describe genetic diversity in a sample of 559 french bread wheat accessions (landraces and registered varieties) cultivated between 1800 and 2000. a total of 609 alleles were detected. allele number per locus ranged from 3 to 28, with a mean allele number of 14.5. on the average, about 72% of the total number of alleles were observed with a frequency of less than 5% and were cons ... | 2004 | 14614567 |
| genetic variability of the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in spelt wheat (triticum aestivum ssp. spelta l. em thell.). | the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit composition of a collection of 403 accessions of spelt wheat ( triticum aestivum ssp. spelta l. em. thell) was analyzed by sds-page. extensive variation was found, including 46 different patterns for zone b and 16 for zone c. patterns within zone b exhibited from two to six bands and patterns in zone c had between four and six bands in sds-page gels. a higher number of bands was observed when urea was added to the gels. zone b exhibited between six and 1 ... | 2004 | 14614566 |
| construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and validation of genome coverage using locus-specific primers. | a bac library of hexaploid wheat was constructed using the spring wheat cultivar triticum aestivum l. 'glenlea'. fresh shoot tissue from 7- to 10-day-old seedlings was used to obtain hmw dna. the library was constructed using the hindiii site of pindigobac-5 and the bamhi site of pindigobac-5 and pecbac1. a total of 12 ligations were used to construct the entire library, which contains over 650 000 clones. ninety-six percent of the clones had inserts. the insert size ranged from 5 to 189 kb with ... | 2003 | 14608404 |
| targeted molecular mapping of a major wheat qtl for fusarium head blight resistance using wheat ests and synteny with rice. | a major qtl for resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb) in wheat, qfhs.ndsu-3bs, has been identified and verified by several research groups. the objective of this study was to increase the marker density in this qtl region using sts (sequence-tagged site) markers developed from wheat expressed sequence tags (ests) near qfhs.ndsu-3bs. because wheat chromosome 3bs and rice chromosome 1s are syntenous, the sequences of p1-derived artificial chromosome (pac) and (or) bacterial artificial chromosom ... | 2003 | 14608398 |
| a new approach to extending the wheat marker pool by anchored pcr amplification of compound ssrs. | a study was undertaken to determine the utility in bread wheat of anchored pcr for the development of single locus ssr markers targeted at compound repeat motifs. in anchored pcr, microsatellite amplification is achieved using a single primer complementary to the flanking sequence, and one which anchors to the repeat junction of the compound ssr. the recovery rate of useable markers was found to be similar (43%) to that reported for conventionally generated ssrs. thus, anchored pcr can be used t ... | 2004 | 14598031 |
| [effect of cytokinin preparations on the pools of pigments and proteins of wheat cultivars differing in their tolerance to water stress]. | contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble leaf proteins, and the key enzyme of carbon metabolism--ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco; ec 4.1.1.39)--in young seedlings and adult leaves of the wheat triticum aestivum l. cultivars mironovskaya 808 and lyutestsens 758, contrasting in their water stress tolerances, were compared under conditions of normal available water supply, water deficiency, and subsequent rehydration. it was discovered that compounds displaying a cytokini ... | 2016 | 14593876 |
| effects of forms and rates of potassium fertilizers on cadmium uptake by two cultivars of spring wheat (triticum aestivum, l.). | a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the influence of potassium fertilizers in different forms and rates on cadmium (cd) uptake by two cultivars of spring wheat (triticum aestivum, l.): brookton and krichauff. potassium fertilizers were added to soil at four levels: 0, 55, 110 and 166 mg k kg(-1) soil as kno(3) (n), kcl (c) or k(2)so(4) (s). cdcl(2) was added to all the treatments at a uniform rate equivalent to 15 mg cd kg(-1) soil. plant shoot and root dry weights (dw) of both cu ... | 2004 | 14592574 |
| [epigenetic variability induced by nicotinic acid in triticum aestivum l]. | the effect of nicotinic acid (na) on hereditary traits of spring common wheat cultivar kazakhstanskaya 126 (k.126) were studied under the laboratory and field conditions. treatment of seeds and vegetating plants with 0.01-0.1% na (aqueous solution) induced heritable epigenetic changes in wheat. as a result, strong tall plants with the long productive spike, large seeds, and several quantitative and qualitative characters other than in the original cultivar were obtained in the second and further ... | 2003 | 14582391 |
| chemically-enhanced phytoextraction of cadmium-contaminated soils using wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | | 2003 | 14567594 |
| factors affecting polymorphism at microsatellite loci in bread wheat [ triticum aestivum (l.) thell]: effects of mutation processes and physical distance from the centromere. | the effects of factors known to influence the level of polymorphism at microsatellite loci were studied using 99 markers and seven lines of bread wheat. mutational factors as well as indirect selective events shape diversity at these loci. theory predicts that the selection of favorable alleles should reduce polymorphism at neutral neighboring loci in genomic areas with low recombination rates. in wheat, local recombination rate is positively correlated with physical distance from the centromere ... | 2004 | 14564392 |
| about the origin of european spelt ( triticum spelta l.): allelic differentiation of the hmw glutenin b1-1 and a1-2 subunit genes. | to investigate the origin of european spelt ( triticum spelta l., genome aabbdd) and its relation to bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l., aabbdd), we analysed an approximately 1-kb sequence, including a part of the promoter and the coding region, of the high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin b1-1 and a1-2 subunit genes in 58 accessions of hexa- and tetraploid wheat from different geographical regions. six glu-b1-1 and five glu-a1-2 alleles were identified based on 21 and 19 informative sites, respe ... | 2004 | 14564390 |
| identification of plant sterols in hexaploid and tetraploid wheats using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. | free sterols from hexaploid and tetraploid free-threshing wheats (triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf.) and from their respective hulled wheats (t. spelta l. and t. dicoccon schrank) were analysed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. the qualitative analysis of sterols showed a similar pattern either between hexaploid (t. aestivum, t. spelta) and tetraploid (t. durum, t. dicoccon) wheats or between free-threshing (t. aestivum, t. durum) and hulled (t. spelta, t. dicoccon) wheats. how ... | 2003 | 14558121 |
| recycling soil nitrate nitrogen by amending agricultural lands with oily food waste. | with current agricultural practices the amounts of fertilizer n applied are frequently more than the amounts removed by the crop. excessive n application may result in short-term accumulation of nitrate nitrogen (no3-n) in soil, which can easily be leached from the root zone and into the ground water. a management practice suggested for conserving accumulated no3-n is the application of oily food waste (fog; fat + oil + greases) to agricultural soils. a two-year field study (1995-1996 and 1996-1 ... | 2013 | 14535333 |
| origin, dispersal and genomic structure of a low-copy-number hypervariable rflp clone in triticum and aegilops species. | the genome of common wheat has evolved through allopolyploidization of three ancestral diploid genomes. a previously identified restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) marker, ptag546, has the unique feature of showing hypervariability among closely related common wheat cultivars. to understand the origin and the mode of dispersal of this hypervariable sequence in the wheat genome, the distribution and structure of the homologous sequences were studied using ancestral diploid species, te ... | 2003 | 14532708 |
| type-h thioredoxins accumulate in the nucleus of developing wheat seed tissues suffering oxidative stress. | thioredoxin h (trx h) proteins are ubiquitous in all wheat organs, but show the highest accumulation in mature seeds. this distribution suggests the expression of trx h during seed development. in the present study, we have analyzed the pattern of trx h expression in developing wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) seeds. northern blot analysis detected a single band at any stage of development, which corresponded to the expression of at least two genes, trxha and trxhb, as shown by competitive reverse ... | 2003 | 14520565 |
| exclusion of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from chloroplasts by specific bodies in naturally senescing leaves of wheat. | immunocytochemical electron-microscopic observation indicated that ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco, ec 4.1.1.39) and/or its degradation products are localized in small spherical bodies having a diameter of 0.4-1.2 micro m in naturally senescing leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). these rubisco-containing bodies (rcbs) were found in the cytoplasm and in the vacuole. rcbs contained another stromal protein, chloroplastic glutamine synthetase, but not thylakoid proteins. ... | 2003 | 14519773 |
| [genealogical approach to the formation of the winter wheat core collection]. | the correctness of the genealogical approach to the estimation of genetic diversity has been substantiated. the approach implies a comparison of the estimates of similarity based on genetic markers and coefficients of parentage. a method of the application of the genealogical approach to the formation of the core collection has been developed. the adequacy of the core set has been estimated using shannon's diversity index adapted for genetic profiles and the correlation between the distributions ... | 2003 | 14515466 |
| [the effect of rye chromosomes on callus induction and regeneration in callus cultures of immature embryos of wheat-rye substitution lines, triticum aestivum l. cultivar saratovskaia 29/secale cereale l. cultivar onokhoiskaia]. | the effect of individual rye chromosomes on the induction of callus and the character of its regenerating capacity was studied with cultured immature embryos of wheat-rye (triticum aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29-secale cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya) substitution lines. the genotypic diversity of the substitution lines proved to significantly affect variation of parameters characterizing the major types of callus cultures, that is, frequencies of embryogenic calli, which are capable of shoot regen ... | 2003 | 14515464 |
| development of triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus translocation lines using gametocidal chromosomes. | specific chromosomes of certain aegilops species introduced into wheat genome background may often facilitate chromosome breakage and refusion, and finally result in a variety of chromosome restructuring. such a phenomenon is commonly called gametocidal effect of the chromosomes. the chromosome 2c of ae. cylindrica is one of such chromosomes. in the present study, scab resistant wheat-l. racemosus addition lines involving chromosomes lr.2 and lr.7 were crossed to wheat-ae. cylindrica disomic add ... | 2003 | 19448992 |
| transferable est-ssr markers for the study of polymorphism and genetic diversity in bread wheat. | nearly 900 ssrs (simple sequence repeats) were identified among 15,000 ests (expressed sequence tags) belonging to bread wheat ( triticum aestivuml.). the ssrs were defined by their minimum length, which ranged from 14 to 21 bp. the maximum length ranged from 24 to 87 bp depending upon the length of the repeat unit itself (1-7 bp). the average density of ssrs was one ssr per 9.2 kb of est sequence screened. the trinucleotide repeats were the most abundant ssrs detected. as a representative sampl ... | 2003 | 14508680 |
| activation parameters of the blue shift (shibata shift) subsequent to protochlorophyllide phototransformation. | the shibata shift was analyzed in flash irradiated wheat (triticum aestivum, l., cult. mv17) leaf homogenates in the pressure range of 0.1 to 500 mpa, at temperatures of 20, 30 and 40 degrees c. the kinetics of the blue shift (called shibata shift in case of intact leaves) was followed by repeated recording of fluorescence emission spectra after phototransformation. at 20 degrees c, above 100 mpa, the blue shift slowed down remarkably. two components of the blue shift could be distinguished, one ... | 2003 | 14499597 |
| hmw and lmw glutenin alleles among putative tetraploid and hexaploid european spelt wheat (triticum spelta l.) progenitors. | the allelic compositions of high- and low-molecular-weight subunits of glutenins (hmw-gs and lmw-gs) among european spelt ( triticum spelta l.) and related hexaploid and tetraploid triticum species were investigated by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (page) and capillary electrophoresis (ce). a total of seven novel glutenin alleles (designated a1a*, b1d*, b1g*, b1f*, b1j*, d1a* at glu-1 and a3h at the glu-3 loci, respectively) in european spelt wheat were detected by ... | 2003 | 13679994 |
| fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria of grasses: malonyl-coenzyme a is generated by a mitochondrial-localized acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase. | we present biochemical evidence for the occurrence of a 250-kd multifunctional acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase in barley (hordeum vulgare) mitochondria. organelles from 6-d-old barley seedlings were purified by differential centrifugation and percoll density gradient centrifugation. upon analysis by two-dimensional blue-native (bn)/sds-page, an abundant 250-kd protein can be visualized, which runs at 500 kd on the native gel dimension. a similar 500-kd complex is present in etioplasts from barley. ... | 2003 | 12972648 |
| hormonal regulation of the onset of endosperm development in amphimictic triticum aestivum l. and apomictic taraxacum officinale web. species. | | 2017 | 12959073 |
| cloning, characterization and regulation of a family of phi class glutathione transferases from wheat. | six phi (f) class glutathione transferases (gsts) were cloned from bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) treated with the herbicide safener fenchlorazole ethyl and named tagstf1-6. recombinant tagstfs were assayed for glutathione conjugating activity towards xenobiotics including herbicides and for glutathione peroxidase (gpox) activity. tagstf1, which resembled zmgstf1, the dominant gst in maize (zea mays), was highly active in conjugating 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenezene (cdnb) but had low activities ... | 2003 | 12956529 |
| [detection of the introgression of genome elements of aegilops cylindrica host. into triticum aestivum l. genome with issr-analysis]. | comparative analysis of introgressive and parental forms of wheat was carried out to reveal the sites of donor genome with new loci of resistance to fungal diseases. by issr-method 124 issr-loci were detected in the genomes of 18 individual plants of introgressive line 5/20-91; 17 of them have been related to introgressive fragments of ae. cylindrica genome in t. aestivum. it was shown that issr-method is effective for detection of the variability caused by introgression of alien genetic materia ... | 2008 | 12945176 |
| [genealogy-based comparative analysis of loose smut resistance of spring common wheat cultivars]. | comparative genealogical analysis was conducted for loose smut-resistant and susceptible common wheat cultivars of three regions: russia, canada, and india. pedigree analysis of differentiator varieties revealed several sources of the ut1, ut3, and ut4 genes. tracking resistance transmission in extended pedigrees allowed identification of resistance donors, sources, and, in some cases, putative genes in russian, canadian, and indian cultivars. a contingency table was constructed with the data on ... | 2003 | 12942780 |
| estimating nitrate leaching with a transfer function model incorporating net mineralization and uptake of nitrogen. | because of the complex interaction of chemical and biological processes of nitrogen (n) in soils, it is difficult to estimate the leaching of nitrate with various n transformations in porous media. in this study, a transfer function model was developed to simulate the outflow concentration of nitrate in soils during the growth of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), taking into account the main n transformations using source and sink terms. the source and sink terms were treated as inputs to the ... | 2013 | 12931902 |
| comparison of triticonazole dissipation after seed or soil treatment. | this study examined the long-term fate of the fungicide triticonazole (ttz; 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]-2,2-dimethyl-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cydopentanol) applied at a normal field dose (8.9 g ha(-1)) via seed treatment, which is the normal alternative in practice. the ttz was applied to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grains as a disinfectant before sowing or spraying on bare soil for comparison and reference to the seed treatment. the seeds were germinated and grown in pots in a greenhou ... | 2006 | 12931880 |
| genetic analysis, molecular tagging and mapping of the thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile gene (wtms1) in wheat. | a thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile (tgms) wheat line ( triticum aestivum l.) bny-s was obtained from the spontaneous mutant of bny-f. its fertility was decided by the temperature during the differentiation stage of the spikelets. bny-s was completely sterile when the temperature was lower than 10 degrees c during the differentiation stage of the spikelets, but fertile when the temperature was higher than 10 degrees c. genetic analysis indicated that the sterility of bny-s was controlled by a ... | 2003 | 12928780 |
| [studies on application of apage in male sterile wheat with alloplamic cytoplasm]. | four male sterile wheat with aeglops kotschyi, ae. variabilis, ae. ventricosa and ae. bicornis cytoplasm, were crossed with some wheat materials, and from the crosses a series of maintenance lines were selected. the apage(acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) analysis indicated that most maintenance lines possessed the gliadin marker gld1b3 of 1bl/1rs translocation chromosome. the root tip chromosomes of this maintenance lines had two satellite chromosomes, but other maintenance lines without ... | 2003 | 12924162 |
| [effects of combined pollution of heavy metals on root vitality of wheat seeds]. | the combined effects of cu, cd, pb and zn on the growth and activity of the seminal roots of wheat (triticum aestivum) were studied by the method of quadratic regression revolution design. the mathematical models describing the above relations were established. as for the toxicity to the root vitality, their single effects, marginal utility and combined effects between two heavy metals were analyzed. the results showed that pb had the most important effect on the activity of root, and then, cu, ... | 2003 | 12920906 |
| thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidase mutant exhibits impaired electron transport and photosynthetic activity. | in chloroplasts, stromal and thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidases (tapx) play a major role in the removal of h(2)o(2) produced during photosynthesis. here, we report that hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) expresses three homeologous tapx genes (taapx-6a, taapx-6b, and taapx-6d) mapping on group-6 chromosomes. the tapx activity of a mutant line lacking taapx-6b was 40% lower than that of the wild type. when grown at high-light intensity photosystem ii electron transfer, photosynthetic activity ... | 2003 | 12913166 |
| quantitative trait loci and molecular markers associated with wheat allelopathy. | wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) has been examined for allelopathic potential against annual ryegrass ( lolium rigidum). the bioassay technique, 'equal-compartment-agar-method', was employed to evaluate seedling allelopathy in a doubled-haploid (dh) population derived from cv sunco (weakly allelopathic) and cv tasman (strongly allelopathic). a significant difference in allelopathic activity was found among the dh lines, which inhibited the root length of ryegrass across a range from 23.7 to 88.3%. ... | 2003 | 12904863 |
| pesticide adsorptivity of aged particulate matter arising from crop residue burns. | particulates (ashes) arising from the burning of crop residues are potentially effective adsorbents for pesticides in agricultural soils. to determine the long-term adsorptive sustainability of ashes, a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) ash was aged under environmentally relevant conditions (in cacl(2) solution at room temperature and ph 7) in soil extract for 1 month and in a soil (1% ash) for a period of up to 12 months. the aged ash and ash-amended soil were used to sorb diuron from water. the diu ... | 2003 | 12903968 |
| an integrative genetic linkage map of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we constructed a genetic linkage map based on a cross between two swiss winter wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) varieties, arina and forno. two-hundred and forty f(5) single-seed descent (ssd)-derived lines were analysed with 112 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) anonymous probes, 18 wheat cdna clones coding for putative stress or defence-related proteins and 179 simple-sequence repeat (ssr) primer-pairs. the 309 markers revealed 396 segregating loci. linkage analysis defined 27 linka ... | 2003 | 12898031 |
| [rapd-based analysis of introgression of barley genetic material into the genome of alloplasmic wheat lines (hordeum geniculatum all./ triticum aestivum l.)]. | genomes of three alloplasmic wheat lines obtained on the basis of barley--wheat hybrid horderum geniculatum all. (2n = 28) x triticum aestivum l. (2n = 42)(pyrotrix 28) were examined using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. line l-29 was obtained after first backcross of the initial hybrid with the wheat variety pyrotrix 28 and ten subsequent self-pollinating generations. this line was represented by euploid plants with typical to the common wheat chromosome number (2n = 42), as w ... | 2003 | 12884518 |
| is microtubule disassembly a trigger for cold acclimation? | cold acclimation was followed in three cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that differ in freezing tolerance, using root growth as the indicator. during acclimation (followed through 7 d at 4 degrees c), growth rate progressively recovered. the recovery was fast in the tolerant, slow in the sensitive cultivars. the development of freezing tolerance was followed by a challenging cold shock administered after various time intervals of acclimation. acclimation proceeded faster in the t ... | 2003 | 12881495 |
| time and cell cycle dependent formation of heterogeneous tubulin arrays induced by colchicine in triticum aestivum root meristem. | we have investigated the appearance and reorganization of tubulin-containing arrays induced by colchicine in the root meristem of wheat triticum aestivum, using immunostaining and electron microscopy. colchicine caused depolymerization of microtubules and formation of tubulin cortical strands composed of filamentous material only in c-mitotic cells. after prolonged exposure to the drug, both interphase and c-mitotic cells acquired needle-type bundles, arranged as different crystalloids and/or ma ... | 2003 | 12867155 |
| unraveling thioredoxin-linked metabolic processes of cereal starchy endosperm using proteomics. | application of a thiol-specific probe, monobromobimane, with proteomics and enzyme assays led to the identification of 23 thioredoxin targets in the starchy endosperm of mature wheat seeds (triticum aestivum cv. butte), almost all containing at least two conserved cysteines. the identified targets, 12 not known to be thioredoxin-linked, function in a spectrum of processes: metabolism (12 targets), protein storage (three), oxidative stress (three), protein degradation (two), protein assembly/fold ... | 2003 | 12860404 |
| an isoleucine residue within the carboxyl-transferase domain of multidomain acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase is a major determinant of sensitivity to aryloxyphenoxypropionate but not to cyclohexanedione inhibitors. | a 3,300-bp dna fragment encoding the carboxyl-transferase domain of the multidomain, chloroplastic acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase) was sequenced in aryloxyphenoxypropionate (app)-resistant and -sensitive alopecurus myosuroides (huds.). no resistant plant contained an ile-1,781-leu substitution, previously shown to confer resistance to apps and cyclohexanediones (chds). instead, an ile-2,041-asn substitution was found in resistant plants. phylogenetic analysis of the sequences revealed tha ... | 2003 | 12857850 |
| calmodulin is involved in heat shock signal transduction in wheat. | the involvement of calcium and calcium-activated calmodulin (ca(2+)-cam) in heat shock (hs) signal transduction in wheat (triticum aestivum) was investigated. using fluo-3/acetoxymethyl esters and laser scanning confocal microscopy, it was found that the increase of intracellular free calcium ion concentration started within 1 min after a 37 degrees c hs. the levels of cam mrna and protein increased during hs at 37 degrees c in the presence of ca(2+). the expression of hsp26 and hsp70 genes was ... | 2003 | 12857801 |
| allopolyploidy alters gene expression in the highly stable hexaploid wheat. | hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) contains triplicated genomes derived from three distinct species. to better understand how different genomes are coordinated in the same nucleus of the hexaploid wheat, we globally compared gene expression of a synthetic hexaploid wheat with its diploid (aegilops tauschii) and tetraploid (t. turgidum) parents by cdna-aflp display. the results suggested that the expression of a significant fraction of genes was altered in the synthetic hexaploid; most appeared ... | 2003 | 12856945 |
| dhplc scoring of a snp between promoter sequences of hmw glutenin x-type alleles at the glu-d1 locus in wheat. | the promoter regions of hmw glutenin x-type genes at the glu-d1 locus were surveyed for snps within a subpopulation of german bread wheat cultivars. on the basis of the promoter sequences of hmw glutenin subunit genes glu-a1-x1, glu-a1-x2, glu-b1-x1, glu-b1-x7, glu-d1-x2, and glu-d1-x5, an amplification refractory mutation system assay was designed to selectively amplify dx-specific pcr fragments. comparative sequence analysis among seven glu-d1-x2 and seven glu-d1-x5 wheat cultivars only confir ... | 2003 | 12848495 |
| asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and agropyron elongatum (host) nevishi. | suspension-derived protoplasts of agropyron elongatum irradiated by ultra-violet light (uv) were fused with the suspension-derived protoplasts of triticum astivum using peg. fertile intergeneric somatic hybrid plants were produced and various hybrid lines have been selected and propagated in successive generations. their hybrid nature was confirmed by analysis of profiles of isozymes, rapds, and 5s rdna spacer sequences, and via gish analysis. by the procedure described, the phenotype and chromo ... | 2003 | 12845444 |
| accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acid amides in winter wheat under snow. | it was found that the content of antifungal compounds p-coumaroylagmatine [1-(trans-4'-hydroxycinnamoylamino)-4-guanidinobutane] and p-coumaroyl-3-hydroxyagmatine [1-(trans-4'-hydroxycinnamoylamino)-3-hydroxy-4-guanidinobutane] in the crown of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv chihokukomugi) significantly increased under snow cover. this finding suggests that the accumulation of these hydroxycinnamic acid amides was caused by winter stress and related to protecting the plant against snow mol ... | 2003 | 12843649 |
| genetics of growth habit (spring vs winter) in common wheat: confirmation of the existence of dominant gene vrn4. | the number of dominant vrn genes in common wheat, triticum aestivum l., is estimated. data were obtained supporting pugsley's and gotoh's data on the presence of a dominant gene vrn4 in near-isogenic line 'triple dirk f'. the presence of a dominant gene vrn4 in line 'gabo-2' of cultivar 'gabo', which was used by pugsley as a donor of the gene vrn4 for the near-isogenic line 'triple dirk f', was also confirmed. the vrn2 and vrn4 relationship and their chromosomal location are discussed. it was de ... | 2003 | 12838388 |
| [effects of co2 enrichment, nitrogen and water on photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of spring wheat]. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was treated with 2 atmospheric co2 concentrations (350 and 700 mumol.mol-1), 2 levels of soil moisture (wet and drought), and 5 levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg.kg-1 soil). the results showed that elevated atmospheric co2 increased photosynthetic rate more in drought than in wet treatment. photosynthetic rate increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. stomatal conductance decreased with co2 enrichment, which was more in drought t ... | 2003 | 12836547 |
| effect of zearalenone treatment on the production of wheat haploids via the maize pollination system. | the ability of zearalenone (zen) to stimulate the growth of haploid wheat embryos formed following the pollination of wheat spikes with maize pollen was tested. the maize pollination system was used as a model to compare the activity of zen with that of auxin analogues. three solutions, each with a different concentration of zen (6.0, 3.0 or 1.5 microm), and a solution of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (control) were tested for their effect on ovary swelling, frequency of embryo formation and th ... | 2003 | 12835995 |
| [effects of amino acid-n and ammonium-n on wheat seedlings under sterile culture]. | the dry weight, total n, and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase(got) and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (gpt) activities in roots and leaves of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum) grown with ammonium sulfate or amino acids (glycine, glutamate or lysine) were studied under sterile sand culture. the results showed that both nh4(+)-n and amino acid-n could be absorbed by wheat. the total n of plant fed with nh4(+)-n was similar to that fed with amino acid-n. the dry weight of plants grown 30 days ... | 2003 | 12827867 |
| tissue-specific expression and localization of safener-induced glutathione s-transferase proteins in triticum tauschii. | glutathione s-transferase (gst; ec 2.5.1.18) gene expression was examined in the coleoptile and new leaf tissue of etiolated shoots of the diploid wheat species triticum tauschii (coss.) schmal., which is considered to be a progenitor and the d-genome donor to cultivated, hexaploid bread wheat triticum aestivum l. gst expression (mrna, protein, and enzyme activity with a herbicide substrate) in these shoot tissues was examined in response to herbicide safener treatment. two different antibody pr ... | 2003 | 12827355 |
| glyphosate applied preharvest induces shikimic acid accumulation in hard red spring wheat (triticum aestivum). | glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide used as a harvest aid in a variety of crops. glyphosate is absorbed into the foliage and translocated to metabolically active regions in the plant where it interferes with the shikimic acid pathway. experiments were conducted to determine the accumulation and distribution of shikimic acid in wheat treated with glyphosate at soft and hard dough stages of kernel development and to determine the fate of shikimic acid during milling and bread making. elevated l ... | 2003 | 12822937 |
| [differential expression of genes related to photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterility in wheat, revealed by mrna differential display using g-box family primer]. | mrna differential display with g-box family primer was used to analyze the differential expression of genes of the photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterile(ptsgms) line of wheat, bau3338, between the sterile and fertile conditions. the result indicated that gene expression was significantly different between the two types of condition during the fertility transformation phase. the twelve qualitatively different dna bands were identified with reverse northern blot hybridization and fi ... | 2003 | 12812077 |
| [development and application of a genome specific pcr marker for haynaldia villosa]. | random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was performed on common wheat chinese spring, h. villosa, addition lines of h. villosa chromosome in cs, substitution line 3v of h. villosa chromosome in triticum aestivum. a genome specific polymorphic dna segment from h. villosa, opf02757, was obtained. on the basis of cloning and sequencing of opf02757, two pcr primers were designed and a genome specific pcr marker for h. villosa was established. the pcr marker including 677 bp was localized on ... | 2003 | 12812061 |
| map-based cloning of leaf rust resistance gene lr21 from the large and polyploid genome of bread wheat. | we report the map-based cloning of the leaf rust resistance gene lr21, previously mapped to a gene-rich region at the distal end of chromosome arm 1ds of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). molecular cloning of lr21 was facilitated by diploid/polyploid shuttle mapping strategy. cloning of lr21 was confirmed by genetic transformation and by a stably inherited resistance phenotype in transgenic plants. lr21 spans 4318 bp and encodes a 1080-amino-acid protein containing a conserved nucleotide-bindi ... | 2003 | 12807786 |
| vernalization-induced flowering in wheat is mediated by a lectin-like gene ver2. | a vernalization-related gene ver2 was isolated from winter wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) using a differential screening approach. the deduced ver2 is a lectin-like protein of 300 amino acids, which contains the presence of a jacalin-like gwg domain. rna in situ hybridization results demonstrated that ver2 gene expression is restricted to the marginal meristems of immature leaves in vernalized wheat seedlings. no hybridization signal was detected in the epidermal tissue and vascular bundles. howe ... | 2003 | 12783334 |
| localization of sucrose synthase in wheat roots: increased in situ activity of sucrose synthase correlates with cell wall thickening by cellulose deposition under hypoxia. | sucrose synthase (susy; ec 2.4.1.13) plays a prominent role in o(2) deficiency and functions at a branch point, partitioning sucrose between cell wall biosynthesis and glycolysis. the cleavage of sucrose by susy was localized in wheat ( triticum aestivum l. cv. alcedo) roots subjected to 4 days of hypoxia. increased susy activity was observed by in situ activity staining in the tip region and in the stele of root axes. the pattern of cellulose deposition correlated with regions of high susy acti ... | 2003 | 12783333 |
| cloning and characterization of two full-length cdnas, taga1 and taga2, encoding g-protein alpha subunits expressed differentially in wheat genome. | in the present study, we identified and characterized two cdnas, named taga1 and taga2, encoding alpha subunits of heterotrimeric g proteins synthesized from one-week-old seedling mrnas of common wheat cv. s615 using race pcr and rt-pcr methods. the clone taga1 contained an open reading frame that encoded a protein consisting of 383 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 51.3 kda, whereas the clone taga2 contained an open reading frame encoding 390 amino acids with a molecular mass of 52.5 ... | 2003 | 12773813 |
| environmentally-induced changes in protein composition in developing grains of wheat are related to changes in total protein content. | nitrogen (n) nutrition, post-anthesis temperature and drought-induced changes in the kinetics of accumulation of dry mass, total grain n and protein fractions (albumins-globulins, amphiphils, gliadins, and glutenins) contents were examined for winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). crops were grown in controlled environment tunnels in 1994 and 1998. in 1994, five post-anthesis temperatures averaging from 15-25 degrees c were applied during grain-filling. in 1998 two post-anthesis temperatures aver ... | 2003 | 12773520 |
| salicylic acid changes the properties of extracellular peroxidase activity secreted from wounded wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots. | wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) roots released proteins showing peroxidase activity in the apoplastic solution in response to wound stress. preincubation of excised roots with 1 mm salicylic acid at ph 7.0 enhanced the guaiacol peroxidase activity of the extracellular solution (so-called extracellular peroxidase). the soluble enzymes were partially purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate followed by size exclusion and ion exchange chromatography. despite an increase in the total activity o ... | 2003 | 12768343 |
| evaluation of cytological effects of zn2+ in relation to germination and root growth of nigella sativa l. and triticum aestivum l. | the effects of different treatments with zinc sulfate (zn(2+)) on the cytology and growth of nigella sativa and triticum aestivum were investigated. five concentrations of zinc sulfate ranging from 5 to 25mg/l were applied for 6, 12, 18, and 24h. the treatments reduced the germination percentages of n. sativa seeds and t. aestivum grains and inhibited the root growth of both plants. concentrations higher than 25mg/l of zn(2+) applied for 24h were toxic for both plants. the non-lethal concentrati ... | 2003 | 12742505 |
| [hybrids of aegilops cylindrica host with triticum durum desf. and t. aestivum l]. | the hybrids of durum and bread wheat with ae. cylindrica have been obtained without using an embryo rescue technique. the hybrid output (of pollinated flower number) in the field conditions scored 1.0, 15.3 and 10.0% in the crosses t. durum x ae. cylindrica, ae. cylindrica x t. durum and t. aestivum x ae. cylindrica, respectively. a high level of meiotic chromosome pairing between homologous d genomes of bread wheat and aegilops has been revealed (c = 80.0-83.7%). the possibility of homoeologica ... | 2008 | 12741056 |
| rearrangement of the genes for the biosynthesis of benzoxazinones in the evolution of triticeae species. | gramineous plants, including the major agricultural crops wheat (triticum aestivum l.), rye (secale cereale l.) and maize (zea mays l.), accumulate benzoxazinones (bxs) as defensive compounds. previously, we isolated cdnas of the bx biosynthetic genes in wheat, tabx2- tabx5, that encode the enzymes catalyzing the sequential hydroxylation of indole to bxs. in this study we isolated a cdna of tabx1, which encodes the first enzyme of the bx pathway of wheat. the level of identity (80%) in deduced a ... | 2003 | 12734755 |
| capillary electrophoresis separation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and related species with phosphate-based buffers. | this study focused on optimizing phosphate-based buffers and other capillary electrophoresis (ce) parameters for separating and characterizing high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l., aabbdd, 2n = 6x = 42), emmer (triticum dicoccum, aabb, 2n = 4x = 28) and aegilops tauschii (dd, 2n = 2x = 14). the fast and high-resolution separation of hmw-gs was achieved using 0.1 m phosphate-glycine buffer (ph 2.5, containing 20% acetonitrile and 0.05% hydroxypropy ... | 2003 | 12731030 |
| [the effect of genotypes of parental rye lines on the development of quantitative traits in primary octoploid triticale: spike fertility]. | the number of seeds and seed setting in the main spike were studied in primary octoploid triticale obtained from crosses between the common wheat cultivar chinese spring and 66 inbred rye lines. in some rye lines, the mutations of self-fertility were identified in the s, z, or t incompatibility loci. the number of seeds was determined under controlled self-pollination of the main spike. in the set of triticale examined, each trait exhibited high variation. hence, the rye lines were suggested to ... | 2003 | 12722637 |
| spring wheat leaf appearance and temperature: extending the paradigm? | extensive research shows temperature to be the primary environmental factor controlling the phyllochron, or rate of leaf appearance, of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). experimental results suggest that soil temperature at crown depth, rather than air temperature above the canopy, would better predict wheat leaf appearance rates. to test this hypothesis, leaf appearance in spring wheat ('nordic') was measured in a 2-year field experiment (nunn clay loam soil; fine, smectitic, mesic aridic, argiusto ... | 2003 | 12714367 |
| identification of snps and development of allele-specific pcr markers for gamma-gliadin alleles in triticum aestivum. | the coding regions of 28 entries of hexaploid wheat gamma-gliadin genes, gene fragments or pseudogenes in genbank were used for nucleotide alignment. these sequences could be divided into nine subgroups based on nucleotide variation. the chromosomal locations of five of the seven unassigned subgroups were identified through subgroup-specific polymerase chain reactions (pcr) using chinese spring group-1 nulli-tetrasomic lines. multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and small insertions/d ... | 2003 | 12712246 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in wheat endosperm (triticum aestivum l. cv. axona). | evidence from a number of plant tissues suggests that phosphoglucomutase (pgm) is present in both the cytosol and the plastid. the cytosolic and plastidic isoforms of pgm have been partially purified from wheat endosperm (triticum aestivum l. cv. axona). both isoforms required glucose 1,6-bisphosphate for their activity with k(a) values of 4.5 micro m and 3.8 micro m for cytosolic and plastidic isoforms, respectively, and followed normal michaelis-menten kinetics with glucose 1-phosphate as the ... | 2003 | 12709481 |
| [genetic mapping of the intergenomic translocated "taigu" genic sterility gene (ms2)]. | the "taigu" genic sterility gene ms2 located on the short arm of the 4d chromosome of common wheat (aabbdd) originally incorporated into hexoploid triticale (aabbrr) and durum wheat (aabb) through intergenomic translocation in distant hybridization was introduced back into the genomes of common wheat. the dominant male sterility was expressed normally in the new "taigu" genic sterile wheat carrying the intergenomically translocated ms2, and the female fertility mechanism in its male sterile plan ... | 2002 | 12693100 |
| microtubules regulate activity of cell wall lectins in cells of triticum aestivum l plants during cold hardening. | | 2003 | 12681336 |
| reorganization of the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton in root cells of triticum aestivum l during low temperature and abscisic acid treatments. | | 2003 | 12681311 |
| proteome analysis of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat: towards understanding genome interaction in protein expression. | hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is derived from a complex hybridization procedure involving three diploid species carrying the a, b and d genomes. the proteome patterns of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat were analyzed to explore the genome interaction in protein expression. at least two species from each of the diploid and tetraploid were used to compare their proteome maps with a hexaploid wheat cv. chinese spring. the ancestral cultivars were selected based on their history of c ... | 2003 | 12687621 |
| abiotic stresses affecting water balance induce phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase expression in roots of wheat seedlings. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc, ec 4.1.1.31) plays an important role in co(2) fixation in c4 and cam plants. in c3 plants, pepc is widely expressed in most organs; however, its function is not yet clearly established. with the aim of providing clues on the function of pepc in c3 plants, we have analyzed its pattern of expression in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. roots showed almost double the level of pepc activity of shoots. further analysis of pepc expression in roots by in si ... | 2003 | 12687366 |
| photosynthetic characteristics and enzymatic antioxidant capacity of flag leaf and the grain yield in two cultivars of triticum aestivum (l.) exposed to warmer growth conditions. | using late sowing practice, the reproductive growth (anthesis and kernel filling) phase of two wheat cultivars, hd 1553 and hd 2307 was exposed to warmer growth conditions, and the effect on grain yield was examined. the grain weight declined in late-sown plants of both cultivars, but the number of grains per spike decreased drastically in hd 1553 plants. in this cultivar exposure to warmer temperature during reproductive phase led to 67% fewer grains per spike. examination of photosynthetic and ... | 2003 | 12685048 |
| characterization of a knock-out mutation at the gc2 locus in wheat. | gametocidal (gc) genes, introduced into common wheat from related aegilops species, are selfish genetic elements that ensure their preferential transmission by inducing chromosomal breaks. here we report the production and characterization of a knock-out mutation of the gc2 gene transferred to wheat as a wheat-aegilops sharonensis t4b-4s(sh)#1 translocation chromosome. in hemizygous gc2/- condition, gametophytes lacking gc2 suffer chromosomal fragmentation and produce non-functional gametes, whi ... | 2003 | 12684822 |
| high-resolution spatial analysis of stomatal ozone uptake in arable crops and pastures. | ozone effects on plants depend on atmospheric transport and stomatal uptake. thus, ozone-risk assessments should use measured ozone concentrations and account for the influence of atmospheric conditions and soil moisture on stomatal and nonstomatal ozone deposition. this requires disaggregated data for the physical input parameters and species-specific data for specific stomatal conductance (g(s)). in this study, an approach was developed based on a resistance analogue transport model. this mode ... | 2003 | 12676231 |
| detection of fusarium head blight resistance qtl in a wheat population using bulked segregant analysis. | a population of 218 recombinant inbred lines (rils) was developed from the cross of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, 'ning 894037' and 'alondra'. ning 894037 has resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb) and alondra is moderately susceptible. response of the rils and their parental lines to fhb infection was evaluated with point inoculation in four experiments both in greenhouse and in field conditions. distribution of disease severity in the population is continuous, indicating quanti ... | 2003 | 12671752 |
| dynamic viscoelastic and tensile properties of gluten and glutenin gels of common wheats of different strength. | dynamic viscoelastic properties at 25 degrees c of gluten and glutenin gels were obtained from canadian common wheats of different strengths. the relaxation spectra showed a maximum intensity at a characteristic relaxation time (tau). the relaxation modulus associated with this maximum was taken as the strength of the glutenin or gluten gel transient network (g(tau)). the ratio of g(tau) for glutenin and gluten gels from the same cultivar ranged from 5.6 for an extra strong cultivar to 51.1 for ... | 2003 | 12670176 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction study of a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) taxi-type endoxylanase inhibitor. | a taxi-type endoxylanase inhibitor from t. aestivum l. wheat flour has been crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. the needle-like crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 49.92, b = 66.45, c = 106.42 a. from these crystals, a native data set and a gold-derivative data set were collected to 2.25 and 1.75 a resolution, respectively. the heavy-atom derivative of this crystal form was obtained by the soaking method and allowe ... | 2003 | 12657799 |
| postharvest resistance in hard spring and winter wheat varieties of the northern great plains to the lesser grain borer (coleoptera: bostrichidae). | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varietal resistance to the lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f), was evaluated in hard spring and winter wheat produced 1997, 1998 (bozeman, montana). we tested the hypothesis that six montana-grown spring wheat varieties, 'ernest', 'scholar', 'hi-line', 'mcneal', 'newana', and 'amidon', were equally and strongly resistant to r. dominica at low moisture contents (9-10%). mortality/feeding damage occurred in all varieties. in most assays, ernest had significan ... | 2003 | 12650366 |
| using weather indices to predict survival of winter wheat in a cool temperate environment. | seven years of winter survival data for winter wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) were collected on a loam soil located on the central experimental farm at ottawa, ontario (45 degrees 23'n, 75 degrees 43'w). the site was low-lying and subject to frequent winter flooding and ice-sheet formation. two cultivars, a soft white and a hard red winter wheat, were planted in september. crop establishment was measured in late fall and the percentage survival was measured in april of the following year. meteoro ... | 2003 | 12647092 |
| structural organization of the group-1 chromosomes of two bread wheat sister lines. | eureka and renan are two french bread wheat cultivars derived from a 4-way cross. using molecular markers (essentially rflps), we studied the structure of the group-1 chromosomes of these two genotypes, their parents and a doubled-haploid (dh) population derived from their f(1). using the dh population (102 lines), a molecular map of the three homoeologous group-1 chromosomes was produced and compared with the map established on another intervarietal cross: courtot x chinese spring (cadalen et a ... | 2003 | 12647070 |
| plasma membrane h+-atpase is involved in auxin-mediated cell elongation during wheat embryo development. | previous investigations suggested that specific auxin spatial distribution due to auxin movements to particular embryonic regions was important for normal embryonic pattern formation. to gain information on the molecular mechanism(s) by which auxin acts to direct pattern formation in specific embryonic regions, the role of a plasma membrane (pm) atpase was evaluated as downstream target of auxin in the present study. western-blot analysis revealed that the pm h(+)-atpase expression level was sig ... | 2003 | 12644680 |
| correlated clustering and virtual display of gene expression patterns in the wheat life cycle by large-scale statistical analyses of expressed sequence tags. | compared to rice, wheat exhibits characteristic growth habits and contains complex genome constituents. to assess global changes in gene expression patterns in the wheat life cycle, we conducted large-scale analysis of expressed sequence tags (ests) in common wheat. ten wheat tissues were used to construct cdna libraries: crown and root from 14-day-old seedlings; spikelet from early and late flowering stages; spike at the booting stage, heading date and flowering date; pistil at the heading date ... | 2003 | 12631325 |
| inheritance of dense spike in diploid wheat and aegilops squarrosa. | the individuals of diploid wheat triticum boeoticum, t. monococcum and t. sinskajae and goatgrass aegilops squarrosa were picked out with screening the dense spike characteristics. the dense-spike accessions were discovered in diploid wheat (t. sinskajae) and ae. squarrosa. inheritance of the dense spike was studied. the trait was found to be controlled by a recessive gene in t. sinskajae and by an incomplete dominant gene in ae. squarrosa. the dosage effect of dominant gene c was detected in in ... | 2002 | 12627833 |
| wheat proteomics: relationship between fine chromosome deletion and protein expression. | to explore the relationship between fine chromosome deletion and protein expression in common wheat, the changes in protein composition of wheat seed proteome were investigated by using chromosome 1b. a momosomic alien chromosome addition line of common wheat was used to produce the fine deletion lines. endosperm and embryo proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and visualized by staining with commassie brilliant blue, and gel images were analyzed with a computer a ... | 2003 | 12627384 |
| a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase is integrated in dimboa-biosynthesis. | benzoxazinoids are secondary metabolites of grasses that function as natural pesticides. while many steps of dimboa biosynthesis have been elucidated, the mechanism of the introduction of och(3)-group at the c-7 position was unknown. inhibitor experiments in triticum aestivum and zea mays suggest that a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase catalyses the hydroxylation reaction at c-7. cloning and reverse genetics analysis have identified the bx6 gene that encodes this enzyme. bx6 is located in th ... | 2003 | 12620350 |
| antioxidant properties of bran extracts from "akron" wheat grown at different locations. | bran extracts of akron wheat grown at four nonirrigated and one irrigated testing locations were examined and compared for their free radical scavenging properties against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (dpph(*)) and the radical cation abts(*)(+), chelating capacities, and total phenolic content (tpc) to determine the potential effects of environmental factors on the antioxidant properties of hard winter wheat. the environmental factors included total solar radiation, average daily so ... | 2003 | 12617585 |
| effect of weed extracts on seedling growth of some varieties of wheat. | allelopathic effect ofavena fatua l., cyperus rotundus l., polygonum hydropiper l., and solanum nigrum l. were examined on seedling growth of certain commonly used varieties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the tarai region of u.p. state. the weed extracts inhibited the length of plumule in all the varieties (100%) with solanum and it was in 12 (92%), 10 (77%) and 06 (46%) varieties with polygonum, avena and cyperus, respectively. in radicle length, it was in 92% with both polygonum and solanu ... | 2002 | 12617313 |
| assessment of the pulp and paper mill effluent on growth, yield and nutrient quality of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | assessment of agropotentiality of the effluent coming out from century pulp and paper mill, ghanshyamdham, lalkua (uttaranchal) has been made on wheat (triticum aestivum var. up-2329) crop grown in two soils differing in texture with different effluent concentrations. diluted effluent increased the chlorophyll content, plant height, shoot and root biomass, grain yield, protein, carbohydrate and lipid contents in wheat grains, while undiluted effluent caused inhibition in plant growth resulting i ... | 2002 | 12597573 |
| effect of external electrical field on mobile water fraction and physiological processes in wheat (triticum aestivum) leaves. | experiments were conducted to study the effect of external electric field on physiological processes, moisture content and mobile water fraction in wheat leaves. application of electric field increased the stomatal resistance immediately and it continued to increase upto 10 min. photosynthesis and respiration of leaves decreased with the application of external electric field. leaf moisture content and mobile fraction of water measured as relaxation times were marginally increased with electric ... | 2002 | 12597031 |
| qtl analysis for grain protein content using ssr markers and validation studies using nils in bread wheat. | qtl interval mapping for grain protein content (gpc) in bread wheat was conducted for the first time, using a framework map based on a mapping population, which was available in the form of 100 recombinant inbred lines (rils). the data on gpc for qtl mapping was recorded by growing the rils in five different environments representing three wheat growing locations from northern india; one of these locations was repeated for 3 years. distribution of gpc values followed normal distributions in all ... | 2003 | 12595995 |
| structural studies of glutenin subunits 1dy10 and 1dy12 by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. | structural studies of the high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunits 1dy10 and 1dy12 of bread wheat were conducted using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tofms) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (rp-hplc/esi-ms). for both proteins, maldi-tofms analysis showed that the isolated fractions contained a second component with a mass about 500-540 da lower than the major component. th ... | 2003 | 12590393 |
| the wheat d-genome hmw-glutenin locus: bac sequencing, gene distribution, and retrotransposon clusters. | a bacterial-artificial-chromosome (bac) clone from the genome of triticum tauschii, the d-genome ancestor of hexaploid bread wheat, was sequenced and the presence of the two paralogous x- and y-type high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin genes of the glu-d1 locus was confirmed. these two genes occur in the same orientation, are 51,893 bp apart, and the separating dna includes a 31,000-bp cluster of retrotransposons. a second retrotransposon cluster of 32,000 bp follows the x-type hmw-glutenin gene ... | 2003 | 12590343 |