| the high burden of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in african hiv-1-infected children hospitalized for severe pneumonia. | to evaluate the burden of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and the usefulness of induced sputum and nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) in diagnosing pcp in african children in whom the use of bronchoalveolar lavage is unavailable. | 2002 | 11741168 |
| pulmonary manifestations of hiv infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | to determine whether the spectrum of hiv-related pulmonary disease seen by a university medical center pulmonary and critical care medicine service has changed since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart). | 2001 | 11742918 |
| germ cell tumors in patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. | the objective of this study was to assess the natural history of the two disease courses, patient immune system tolerance, and results of therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients with germ cell tumors (gct). | 2001 | 11745223 |
| flexible bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates following autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation for advanced breast cancer. | flexible bronchoscopy is an important tool in the diagnosis of pulmonary complications following bone marrow transplantation. however, the value of this procedure in autologous peripheral stem cell transplant (apsct) recipients with pulmonary complications is not well defined. we retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic yield of 27 consecutive bronchoscopies done on 23 apsct recipients following high-dose chemotherapy for breast cancer. fb resulted in a positive diagnosis in 16 cases (59%). bron ... | 2001 | 11753555 |
| inhibition of pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasma gondii, and mycobacterium avium dihydrofolate reductases by 2,4-diamino-5-[2-methoxy-5-(omega-carboxyalkyloxy)benzyl]pyrimidines: marked improvement in potency relative to trimethoprim and species selectivity relative to piritrexim. | a series of previously undescribed 2,4-diamino-5-[2-methoxy-5-alkoxybenzyl]pyrimidines (3a-e) and 2,4-diamino-5-[2-methoxy-5-(omega-carboxyalkyloxy)benzyl]pyrimidines (3f-k) with up to eight ch2 groups in the alkoxy or omega-carboxyalkyloxy side chain were synthesized and tested for the ability to inhibit partially purified dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) from pneumocystis carinii (pc), toxoplasma gondii (tg), mycobacterium avium (ma), and rat liver in comparison with two standard inhibitors, tri ... | 2002 | 11754594 |
| pneumocystis carinii granuloma of the optic nerve: a histopathologic case report. | a 30-year-old man under treatment for acute leukemia died of candida sepsis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. a small granuloma containing pneumocystis carinii was found in one optic nerve. | 2001 | 11756858 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in systemic lupus erythematosus: a report of two cases. | patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) have increased susceptibility to infection by pneumocystis carinii, but this condition has rarely been reported in taiwan. here, we describe two cases of patients with sle who developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the first patient was a 39-year-old woman presenting with fever and dyspnea that had lasted 2 weeks. chest roentgenography disclosed bilateral interstitial and alveolar infiltrates. the second patient was a 22-year-old woman pr ... | 2001 | 11760377 |
| [primary immunodeficiency secondary to zap-70 deficiency]. | the authors present the case of a child with recurrent infections since the age of 4 months, including bilateral pneumonia by pneumocystis carinii and protracted varicella. serum immunoglobulin values (when 10 months old), and b cell values were normal. there was persistent lymphocytic leucocytosis, near absence of cd8+ cells, and an increased cd4/cd8 ratio. the percentage of activated t cells and the expression of hla class i were normal. proliferation, activation and il-2 synthesis studies in ... | 2001 | 11762183 |
| fludarabine and mitoxantrone: effective and well-tolerated salvage therapy in relapsed indolent lymphoproliferative disorders. | prior studies of the combination of fludarabine, mitoxantrone and dexamethasone have yielded high response rates but are associated with a significant risk of opportunistic infections, predominantly pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) requiring routine prophylaxis. | 2001 | 11762819 |
| [pneumothorax in patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus]. | patients with hiv who develop pneumothorax have been previously described. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcn) is the leading cause of this complication, but infection by other pulmonary microorganism, inhaled pentamidine therapy and lung invasive manoeuvres have also been associated with pneumothorax in hiv infected patients. | 2001 | 11766281 |
| antibacterial prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole during induction treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are treated with intensive chemotherapy resulting in profound immuno suppression. therefore treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) may be used for prophylaxis against infections both with bacteria and pneumocystis carinii in some departments. the use of tmp-smx for prophylaxis during the induction therapy is not uniform in the four departments of pediatric oncology in denmark. this gave us the opportunity to describe the effect of tmp/sm ... | 2001 | 11767129 |
| relationship between the burden of pneumocystis carinii, the inflammatory reaction and lung injury in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | to study the relationship between the burden of pneumocystis carinii (p. carinii) and the inflammatory reaction and biochemical markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (balf) in a rat model of p. carinii pneumonia (pcp). | 2000 | 11776138 |
| [study on inflammatory response and alteration of biochemical components in balf from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | to study the cellular and biochemical changes in airways in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). | 1999 | 11776769 |
| a 10-year follow-up study on the health status of heroin addicts based on official registers. | to determine the health status of a cohort of heroin addicts. | 2001 | 11784470 |
| conservative versus immunosuppressive treatment of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. | treatment of idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis (mgn) is a controversial issue. whereas some authors recommend early immunosuppressive treatment of all patients with nephrotic syndrome, others do not support aggressive therapies, based on the spontaneous long-term favorable outcome of most patients. however, 20 to 50% of untreated patients develop progressive renal insufficiency. | 2002 | 11786104 |
| transplantation of highly purified cd34+thy-1+ hematopoietic stem cells in patients with recurrent indolent non-hodgkin's lymphoma. | to evaluate the results of high-dose chemotherapy and transplantation of highly purified "mobilized" peripheral blood cd34+thy-1+ hematopoietic stem cells (hscs) in patients with recurrent indolent non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) or mantle cell lymphoma (mcl). | 2001 | 11787531 |
| use of terbinafine in mouse and rat models of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | terbinafine, an allylamine used to treat onychomycosis, has been reported to be active against rat pneumocystis carinii in vitro and in vivo. by contrast, our in vitro data showed that the 50% inhibitory concentration of terbinafine against rat p. carinii is 3.7 microg/ml, a level that cannot be clinically achieved in serum. in the present study, terbinafine administered orally at doses of 20 to 400 mg/kg/day and 50 to 250 mg/kg/day was ineffective therapy for mouse and rat models of pneumocysto ... | 2002 | 11796365 |
| plasminogen-binding activity of enolase in the opportunistic pathogen pneumocystis carinii. | the glycolytic enzyme enolase is one of the most abundant proteins expressed in fungi and has been shown to be an immunodominant cell-wall-associated antigen of the pathogenic fungus, candida albicans. enolase has also been found on the surface of some mammalian cells where it functions as a plasminogen-binding motif and facilitator of plasminogen activation to plasmin. to investigate the immunogenicity of enolase in the opportunistic pathogen, pneumocystis carinii, the genomic and complementary ... | 2001 | 11798055 |
| the radiologic differential diagnosis of diffuse lung diseases characterized by multiple cysts or cavities. | a variety of pulmonary diseases have diffuse cystic abnormalities within the lungs, including emphysema, cystic bronchiectasis, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, usual interstitial pneumonia, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, langerhans histiocytosis, cystic metastasis, wegener granulomatosis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pulmonary paragonimiasis, and septic pulmonary emboli. ct can easily detect cystic abnormalities as common features in many diseases. however, ... | 2002 | 11801898 |
| [in vitro study of the anti-pneumocystis carinii effect of arteminsin derivatives]. | in vitro study was carried out to assess the effect of dihydroarteminsinin (dha) and sodium artesunate (ats) on pneumocystis carinii (pc). | 2001 | 11802960 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia presenting as a fever of unknown origin in a patient without aids. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) remains an opportunistic infection that causes substantial morbidity and mortality in patients who have impaired immune function. pcp in patients who do not have aids usually manifests in a more fulminant manner than in patients with aids. in recent years, pcp has been reported increasingly in patients with connective tissue disorders. the role of corticosteroids in inducing pcp is well established in humans and animals, though information is currently lackin ... | 2002 | 11805750 |
| autopsy findings in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected population over 2 decades: influences of gender, ethnicity, risk factors, and time. | to examine autopsy pathology in an urban population infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and to determine if age at death and disease frequencies are associated with gender, hiv risk factors, ethnicity, and therapeutic era. | 2002 | 11825115 |
| update on the epidemiology and transmission of pneumocystis carinii. | although pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, many questions about its epidemiology and transmission remain unanswered. whereas traditional theory postulates that the disease results from reactivation of latent infection, recent data suggest that active acquisition of infection, either through environmental exposure or person-to-person transmission, may occur. this review summarizes the ... | 2002 | 11825780 |
| development and evaluation of a quantitative, touch-down, real-time pcr assay for diagnosing pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | a rapid (time to completion, <4 h, including dna extraction) and quantitative touch-down (qtd) real-time diagnostic pneumocystis carinii pcr assay with an associated internal control was developed, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) probes for detection. the touch-down procedure significantly increased the sensitivity of the assay compared to a non-touch-down procedure. tenfold serial dilutions of a cloned target were used as standards for quantification. p. carinii dna has been ... | 2002 | 11825961 |
| [pulmonary involvement due to disseminated non hodgkin lymphoma in one patient with aids]. | pulmonary involvement due to disseminated non hodgkin lymphoma (lnh), is an unusual cause of lung disease in aids patients. we report a 38 years old male patient, with advanced aids, who, in the course of three weeks, developed cough, dyspnea and fever. the chest x ray film showed diffuse thickening of the peribronchovascular connective tissue with possible mediastinal lymph node enlargement. the evolution was unfavorable with hypoxemia, severe anemia, liver damage and elevated levels of lactic ... | 2001 | 11836885 |
| induced sputum as a diagnostic specimen for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv positive patients. | | 2001 | 11837488 |
| [trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as antibacterial prophylaxis during induction therapy of children with acute lymphatic leukemia]. | children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (all) are treated with intensive chemotherapy, which results in profound immunosuppression. treatment with trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (tmp-smx) is therefore used in some departments as prophylaxis against infections with both bacteria and pneumocystis carinii. the use of tmp/smx for prophylaxis during the induction therapy is not uniform in the four departments of paediatric oncology in denmark. this gave us the opportunity to describe the effect o ... | 2002 | 11838420 |
| efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the prevention of bacterial infections in a randomized prophylaxis trial of patients with advanced hiv infection. | we compared the occurrences of several types of infections in hiv-infected patients participating in a randomized clinical trial of three treatment strategies given for the primary prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and toxoplasmosis. in a phase iii open label trial, 842 patients with hiv infection and fewer than 200 cd4+ cells/mm(3) received zidovudine (standard dose) plus one of three randomly assigned prophylactic agents: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz), or dapsone (da ... | 2002 | 11839141 |
| hypercalcemia in a renal transplant recipient suffering with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | hypercalcemia occurs frequently after renal transplantation. preexisting hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of post-transplantation hypercalcemia. we describe a renal transplant recipient infected with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) who developed hypercalcemia, elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d, and suppressed parathyroid hormone levels. this phenomenon mimics the extrarenal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d by activated alveolar macrophages in granulomatous diseases with hype ... | 2002 | 11840399 |
| follicular bronchiolitis associated with legionella pneumophilia infection. | an 8-month-old girl with respiratory distress and stridor was admitted to our hospital. two days later, she died of respiratory insufficiency due to pneumonia. autopsy confirmed the presence of follicular bronchiolitis (fbb) in both lungs. after consideration of her clinical course, we focused on three pathogens: legionella pneumophilia, pneumocystis carinii, and mycobacterium tuberculosis. only legionella pneumophilia was detected by both immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. | 2002 | 11842978 |
| antileishmanial activities of several classes of aromatic dications. | aromatic dicationic molecules possess impressive activity against a broad spectrum of microbial pathogens, including pneumocystis carinii, cryptosporidium parvum, and candida albicans. in this work, 58 aromatic cations were examined for inhibitory activity against axenic amastigote-like leishmania donovani parasites. in general, the most potent of the compounds were substituted diphenyl furan and thiophene dications. 2,5-bis-(4-amidinophenyl)thiophene was the most active compound. this agent dis ... | 2002 | 11850264 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. | we report on a 10-y-old boy who developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (pcp) as the dominant symptom at the onset of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hlh). pcp is a common infection in patients with combined primary immunodeficiencies or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome but it has rarely been observed at the onset of hlh. typically, hlh presents as a febrile syndrome associated with cytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. repeated bone marrow aspirates, spleen or lymph node biopsies are some ... | 2001 | 11853350 |
| passive intranasal monoclonal antibody prophylaxis against murine pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | passive antibody immunoprophylaxis is one method used to protect patients against infection if they are unable to mount an adequate active immune response. topical application of antibody may be effective against infections at mucosal sites. using a scid mouse model of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, we were able to demonstrate protection against an airborne challenge with p. carinii by intranasal administration of antibody. immunoglobulin m (igm) monoclonal antibodies to an epitope shared by mo ... | 2002 | 11854184 |
| [pulmonary complications in patients with aids]. | hiv infection was first reported in 1981 in usa. it has been 20 years since then. owing to understandings of pathogenesis of this disease and development of new drugs such as the hiv-specific protease inhibitor (pi), prognosis of disease has been tremendously improved. especially after 1997 in japan, the strategy of anti-hiv treatment shifted from two drugs combination to three drugs combination, which is called highly active antiretoviral therapy (haart). haart was so effective that prevalence ... | 2002 | 11855078 |
| twice-weekly dapsone for primary prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv-1 infection: efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic data. | objectives: in this study we evaluated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of dapsone given 100 mg twice weekly as primary prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in patients with hiv-1 infection. methods: this was a prospective open trial, evaluating a total of 55 hiv-1-infected patients with cd4 cell counts below 200/mm3 and without previous episodes of pcp. plasma concentrations of dapsone were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). after a mean ... | 1996 | 11866808 |
| analysis of a population-based pneumocystis carinii pneumonia index as an outcome measure of access and quality of care for the treatment of hiv disease. | a population-based pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) index was developed in new york city to identify geographic areas and subpopulations at increased risk for pcp. | 2002 | 11867318 |
| promising survival for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme treated with concomitant radiation plus temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide. | temozolomide is a novel oral alkylating agent with demonstrated efficacy as second-line therapy for patients with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme (gbm). this phase ii study was performed to determine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of concomitant radiation plus temozolomide therapy followed by adjuvant temozolomide therapy in patients with newly diagnosed gbm. | 2002 | 11870182 |
| [a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with pulmonary cysts and increased level of serum kl-6]. | in august, 1999, a 46-year-old man with fever, cough, and dyspnea was admitted to a hospital. on the basis of the clinical and radiographic findings, bacterial pneumonia was suspected. antibiotics were not effective, because of atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and positive anti-human t-cell leukemia virus antibody, and he was transferred to our hospital. a chest radiograph and a ct scan revealed bilateral ground-glass opacities with huge multiple cysts. intensive treatment of pneumoc ... | 2001 | 11875817 |
| failure of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with concurrent leucovorin use. | pneumocystis carinii is a common cause of pneumonia in patients with aids, however, the incidence has dropped with the availability of effective prophylactic regimens. first-line treatment for both acute pneumocystis pneumonia and chronic prophylaxis is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx). this combination can cause hypersensitivity reactions as well as myelosuppression. the simultaneous administration of leucovorin during acute treatment has been shown to reduce the incidence of neutropenia ... | 2002 | 11876516 |
| [the toxicity of busulphan and cyclophosphamide as the preparative regimen for allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation]. | to analyse the treatment-related complications of busulphan and cyclophosphamide (bu-cy) as the conditioning regimen for allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-pbsct). | 2000 | 11877010 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a girl with a midbrain glioma. | a 7-year-old girl with a midbrain glioma contracted pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in the absence of cytotoxic or corticosteroid therapy. gliomas are known to cause immunosuppression, and pcp prophylaxis should be considered for patients with these tumors. | 2002 | 11881789 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in hiv-infected african children. | | 2001 | 11887451 |
| pneumonia in the immunocompromised pediatric cancer patient. | infectious complications including pneumonia remain a major obstacle to survival in children with cancer. pulmonary infections usually arise from aspiration of pathogens from the upper airways or from hematogenous spread. pathogens include bacteria, pneumocystis carinii, viruses, and fungi. in this article, we review in detail the pathogenic basis, evaluation, and management of pneumonia in the immunocompromised pediatric cancer patient. | 2002 | 11891516 |
| pulmonary infections in children with hiv infection. | the epidemic of pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states, which peaked during the mid-1980s and early 1990s, was characterized by a variety of opportunistic infections in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), often as the presenting illness of their hiv infection. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) during infancy was responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, followed by many other opportunistic infections, including recurrent, ser ... | 2002 | 11891517 |
| subtractive hybridization analysis of pneumocystis carinii gene activation induced by interaction with lung epithelial cells and matrix. | | 2002 | 11893698 |
| oral manifestations in 101 cambodians with hiv and aids. | the hiv/aids epidemic in cambodia has become a major problem in the last 7-8 years, mainly because in this formerly war-stricken country the socioeconomic situation is only slowly improving. since only very few studies have been published to date on the oral health status of cambodian hiv/aids patients, it was the purpose of the present investigation to study oral manifestations in cambodian patients with hiv disease. | 2002 | 11896815 |
| alterations in t lymphocyte profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from siv- and pneumocystis carinii-coinfected rhesus macaques. | the goal of this study was to examine siv- and pneumocystis carinii-coinfected rhesus macaques as a model of p. carinii infection in hiv-seropositive humans. the influence of p. carinii infection on the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid from siv-infected and normal rhesus macaques was examined by flow cytometric analysis and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). bal fluid from siv- and p. carinii coinfected macaques showed a substantial t lymphocyte influx composed of more th ... | 2002 | 11897041 |
| nocardia infection in lung transplant recipients. | nocardia is responsible for infection in both normal and immunocompromised hosts. organ transplant recipients are increasingly recognized as a sub-group of immunocompromised patients in whom nocardia is an important pathogen. the frequency of nocardia in organ transplant recipients varies between 0.7% and 3%. nocardia infection has largely been reported in heart, kidney and liver transplant recipients. presentations of nocardia in lung transplant recipients have been restricted primarily to case ... | 2002 | 11897524 |
| residence at the expression site is necessary and sufficient for the transcription of surface antigen genes of pneumocystis carinii. | the major surface glycoprotein (msg) of p. carinii f. sp. carinii is a family of proteins encoded by a family of heterogeneous genes. messenger rnas encoding different msg isoforms start with the same sequence, called the upstream conserved sequence (ucs), which is encoded by a single locus. the mechanism by which the ucs becomes part of different msg mrnas is not obvious because at least 15 loci, which are distributed throughout the genome, encode msgs. one possibility is that attachment to the ... | 1997 | 11902717 |
| co-existence between oral lesions and opportunistic systemic diseases among hiv-infected subjects in thailand. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether any relationship exists between the occurrence of oral lesions and opportunistic systemic diseases among hiv-infected subjects. | 2002 | 11903823 |
| pneumocystis carinii infection in red-bellied tamarins and cynomolgus monkeys, and the characterization of the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal rna gene of pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906012 |
| three new karyotype forms of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii identified by contoured clamped homogeneous electrical field (chef) electrophoresis. | | 2001 | 11906013 |
| spatial analysis on the occurrence of pneumocystis carinii in the shrew notiosorex crawfordi in fragmented landscape in southern california. | | 2001 | 11906015 |
| parallel phylogenies of pneumocystis species and their mammalian hosts. | the single name pneumocystis carinii consists of an heterogeneous group of specific fungal organisms that colonize a very wide range of mammalian hosts. in the present study, mitochondrial large subunit (mtlsu) and small subunit (mtssu) rrna sequences of p. carinii organisms from 24 different mammalian species were compared. the mammals were included in six major groups: primates (12 species), rodents (5 species), carnivores (3 species), bats (1 species), lagomorphs (1 species), marsupials (1 sp ... | 2001 | 11906016 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of translational release factors erf1 and erf3 of pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906017 |
| detailed structure of pneumocystis carinii chromosome ends. | | 2001 | 11906018 |
| typing of pneumocystis carinii f.sp. hominis isolates from nasopharyngeal aspirates of immunocompetent infants with bronchiolitis by dihydropteroate synthase gene analysis. | | 2001 | 11906019 |
| pneumocystis carinii detection using nested-pcr in nasopharyngeal aspirates of immunocompetent infants with bronchiolitis. | | 2001 | 11906020 |
| typing of pneumocystis carinii f.sp. hominis in patients with or without pneumocystosis. | | 2001 | 11906021 |
| stimulation of pneumocystis carinii encystment following necropsy. | | 2001 | 11906024 |
| a gene complex mediating cyst wall assembly and integrity in pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906025 |
| synaptonemal complexes in the pre-cyst of pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906026 |
| early acquisition of pneumocystis carinii in neonatal rats using targeted pcr and oral swabs. | | 2001 | 11906027 |
| pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthase genotypes in hiv-infected persons residing in san francisco: possible implications for disease transmission. | | 2001 | 11906028 |
| putative transmissive form of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii. | | 2001 | 11906029 |
| analysis of a pheromone receptor and map kinase suggest a sexual replicative cycle in pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906031 |
| definitive structural identities of 42 sterol components in pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906032 |
| pneumocystis carinii erg6 gene: sequencing and expression of recombinant sam:sterol methyltransferase in heterologous systems. | | 2001 | 11906033 |
| pneumocystis carinii its typing: doubtful evidence of genotype-related virulence. | | 2001 | 11906034 |
| pcr-rflp analysis of the dhps gene for the study of resistance of pneumocystis carinii to sulpha drugs in patients with co-infection pcp/hiv. | | 2001 | 11906035 |
| urokinase plasminogen activator and tgf-beta production in immunosuppressed patients with and without pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906036 |
| recombinant cd40 ligand administration does not decrease intensity of pneumocystis carinii infection in scid mice. | x-linked hyper igm syndrome (him) is a rare congenital immunodeficiency recently demonstrated to be caused by a mutation in the gene encoding cd40 ligand. these patients are susceptible to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, which implies an important role for cd40l in host defense against p. carinii. in this study we undertook to investigate whether treatment of p. carinii infected scid mice with murine recombinant cd40 ligand trimer (mucd40l) for 21 days would facilitate clearance of the organisms ... | 2001 | 11906038 |
| mechanisms of amino acid and glucose uptake by pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906039 |
| pneumocystis carinii beta-glucan induces release of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 from primary rat alveolar epithelial cells via a receptor distinct from cd11b/cd18. | | 2001 | 11906040 |
| effect of the transcription factor gata-2 on phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages from pneumocystis carinii-infected hosts. | | 2001 | 11906041 |
| changes in alveolar macrophage number are early events in pneumocystis carinii infection. | | 2001 | 11906044 |
| bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from pneumocystis carinii-infected rats inhibits phagocytosis in normal alveolar macrophages. | | 2001 | 11906045 |
| production and role of nitric oxide in the alveolar immune response to pneumocystis carinii. | | 2001 | 11906046 |
| pneumocystis carinii does not induce maturation of human dendritic cells. | | 2001 | 11906047 |
| pneumocystis carinii synthesizes four ubiquinone homologs: inhibition by atovaquone and bupravaquone but not by stigmatellin. | | 2001 | 11906049 |
| toward rational design of species-specific inhibitors of pneumocystis carinii thymidylate synthase and toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase. | | 2001 | 11906050 |
| development of an rt-pcr on the heat shock protein 70 gene for viability detection of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis in patients with pneumocystosis and in air sample. | to test the viability of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis, an rt-pcr assay that employs specific primers from the heat shock protein 70 gene was developed. using this method, the viability of p.c. hominis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from patients developing pcp and in the environment of pcp patients was established. | 2001 | 11906051 |
| standardization of an in vitro drug screening assay by use of cryopreserved and characterized pneumocystis carinii populations. | | 2001 | 11906052 |
| pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthase mutations and treatment with sulfa or sulfone regimens: a proposal for standardized definitions for clinical evaluation. | | 2001 | 11906054 |
| expression of simian immunodeficiency virus nef in immune cells of transgenic mice leads to a severe aids-like disease. | in order to study the functions of simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) nef in vivo in a small-animal model, we constructed transgenic (tg) mice expressing the siv(mac)239 nef gene in the natural target cells of the virus under the control of the human cd4 gene promoter (cd4c). these cd4c/shiv-nef(siv) tg mice develop a severe aids-like disease, with manifestations including premature death, failure to thrive or weight loss, wasting, thymic atrophy, an especially low number of peripheral cd8+ t c ... | 2002 | 11907238 |
| opportunistic infections are preceded by a rapid fall in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (anca) titer in patients with anca associated vasculitis. | to study the clinical course and changes in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (anca) titers in patients with anca associated vasculitis (aav) who developed opportunistic infections. | 2002 | 11908563 |
| corticosteroids in ards. an evidence-based review. | in general, a rule for corticosteroids in preventing or relieving the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) has yet to be established, although these drugs are indicated for conditions such as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. high-dose corticosteroids have not been shown to reduce mortality through their anti-inflammatory properties when given early to patients with sepsis, septic shock, or ards. corticosteroids have been shown, however, to reduce mortality in patients with late ards only in ... | 2002 | 11910734 |
| opportunistic infections in patients with and patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | in the next decade, longer survival of patients with cancer and more-aggressive therapies applied to common conditions, such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis, will result in a larger population with significant immune system defects. many in this population will be at risk for opportunistic infections, which are familiar to doctors who have treated people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). however, the epidemiology, presentation, and outcome of these infections in patients with ... | 2002 | 11914999 |
| impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on individual aids-defining illness incidence and survival in australia. | to determine the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) on incidence of initial aids-defining illnesses (adis) and survival after individual adis. | 2002 | 11917244 |
| identification of pneumocystis carinii dna in oropharyngeal mouth washes from aids children dying of respiratory illnesses. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using pneumocystis carinii-specific primers paz 102-h(5'-gtgtacgttgcaaagtactc-3') and paz 102-e(5'-gatggctgtttccaagccca-3') was performed on oropharyngeal washes obtained at autopsy from 22 aids children with histologically confirmed p. carinii pneumonia (pcp), and 48 control aids children who died from other infections. fifteen of 22 (68%) pcp samples and none of 48 (0%) control samples had detectable p. carinii dna (sensitivity 68%; specificity 100%; positive pr ... | 2002 | 11919499 |
| cryptococcosis in patients from tikur anbessa hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia. | a study was done to investigate the occurrence of cryptococcus neoformans infection in patients admitted to tikur anbessa hospital. cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunistic fungal pathogen in immunocompromised patients. the study was done over a period of 18 months, from october 1998 to april 2000. during this period, a total of 1088 cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens were sent to the bacteriology laboratory in tikur anbessa hospital, out of which 275 were subjected for india ink e ... | 2001 | 11921549 |
| genetic diversity of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis based on variations in nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacers of rrna genes. | a variety of genes have been used to type pneumocystis carinii. in the present study, nucleotide sequence variations in the its1 and its2 internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of the rrna genes were used to type pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis dna obtained from the lungs of 60 human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. these regions were amplified by pcr, cloned, and sequenced. multibase polymorphisms were identified among samples. several new genotypes are reported on the basis ... | 2002 | 11923323 |
| probable mother-to-infant transmission of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis infection. | a mother and her 4.5-week-old infant had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia contemporaneously. genotyping of p. carinii f. sp. hominis dna at three independent loci showed the same genotype in samples from mother and infant. these data suggest transmission of p. carinii organisms from the mother to her infant. | 2002 | 11923396 |
| management of opportunistic infection prophylaxis in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. | prophylaxis and maintenance therapy against opportunistic infections are a mainstay of management of hiv-infected patients and have led to a significant improvement in quality of life and survival. antiretroviral combination therapy (art) has markedly changed the natural course of hiv infection. incidence of opportunistic infections (ois) has declined and survival after an oi has improved. achieving a cd4 count of 200 cells/l after 6 months of art is a valuable marker for low risk of oi afterwar ... | 2002 | 11927049 |
| pathology and causes of death in a group of 128 predominantly hiv-positive patients in botswana, 1997-1998. | little is known about causes of death in countries of southern africa seriously affected by the hiv/aids epidemic. | 2002 | 11931402 |
| frequency and type of serious infections in fludarabine-refractory b-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma: implications for clinical trials in this patient population. | treatments for fludarabine-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (sll) are limited. most new therapies being examined in fludarabine-refractory patients have shown a high frequency of serious infection. little data exist regarding the frequency of infections in this population treated with noninvestigational best supportive care therapies. | 2002 | 11932906 |
| morbidity and mortality in south african gold miners: impact of untreated disease due to human immunodeficiency virus. | a cohort of 1792 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive and 2970 hiv-negative south african miners was observed for 12 months starting in february 1998. all-cause hospitalizations and deaths were significantly associated with hiv infection (respective unadjusted incidence rate ratios, 2.9 and 9.2; respective 95% confidence intervals, 2.5-3.4 and 5.5-16.0). tuberculosis (tb), bacterial pneumonia, cryptococcosis, and trauma were the major causes of admission for hiv-positive patients, whereas ... | 2002 | 11941552 |
| pneumocystis carinii infection in bilateral aural polyps in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient. | pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic infection found in patients with impaired immunity. under favourable conditions the parasite can spread via the blood stream or lymphatic vessels and cause extrapulmonary dissemination. we report a case of p carinii infection presenting as bilateral aural polyps, otitis media and mastoiditis in human immunodeficiency (hiv)-positive patient with no history of prior or concomitant p carinii infection. | 2002 | 11945191 |
| identification of pneumocystis carinii dna by polymerase chain reaction in necropsy lung samples from children dying of respiratory tract illnesses. | polymerase chain reaction for pneumocystis carinii dna was performed on necropsy lung samples from children by means of p carinii -specific primers.p carinii dna was identified in 22 of 22 (100%) samples with histologically proven p carinii pneumonia and 13 of 75 (17%) with non-p carinii pneumonia respiratory illness (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 83%). the low specificity precludes the use of polymerase chain reaction as an alternative to histopathologic diagnosis. | 2002 | 11953737 |
| n-terminal n-myristoylation of proteins: refinement of the sequence motif and its taxon-specific differences. | n-terminal n-myristoylation is a lipid anchor modification of eukaryotic and viral proteins targeting them to membrane locations, thus changing the cellular function of modified proteins. protein myristoylation is critical in many pathways; e.g. in signal transduction, apoptosis, or alternative extracellular protein export. the myristoyl-coa:protein n-myristoyltransferase (nmt) recognizes the sequence motif of appropriate substrate proteins at the n terminus and attaches the lipid moiety to the ... | 2002 | 11955007 |