| dissemination of the highly expressed bx7 glutenin subunit (glu-b1al allele) in wheat as revealed by novel pcr markers and rp-hplc. | increased expression of the high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) bx7 is associated with improved dough strength of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) flour. several cultivars and landraces of widely different genetic backgrounds from around the world have now been found to contain this so-called 'over-expressing' allelic form of the bx7 subunit encoded by glu-b1al. using three methods of identification, sds-page, rp-hplc and pcr marker analysis, as well as pedigree information, we have trac ... | 2004 | 15340686 |
| genome-specific primer sets for starch biosynthesis genes in wheat. | common wheat (triticum aestivum l.,2n=6x=42) is an allohexaploid composed of three closely related genomes, designated a, b, and d. genetic analysis in wheat is complicated, as most genes are present in triplicated sets located in the same chromosomal regions of homoeologous chromosomes. the goal of this report was to use genomic information gathered from wheat-rice sequence comparison to develop genome-specific primer sets for five genes involved in starch biosynthesis. intron locations in whea ... | 2004 | 15340684 |
| a cytogenetic method for stacking gene pairs in common wheat. | the potential for non-reciprocal robertsonian translocations of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to assist in the stacking of genes was assessed from a study of their cytological and genetic behaviour. to obtain translocations, a double monosomic (3b+5a; 2n=40=19ii+2i) was crossed reciprocally with a contrasting disomic. individuals inheriting a broken monosome were identified from the loss of one arm-specific dna marker coupled with retention of a marker for the opposite arm. no double breaks (pote ... | 2004 | 15338132 |
| molecular genetic mapping of gby, a new greenbug resistance gene in bread wheat. | the greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rhodani),is one of the major insect pests of wheat worldwide and it is important to develop a basic understanding of the chromosomal locations of known and new greenbug resistance genes. gby is a new greenbug resistance gene in the wheat line 'sando's selection 4040'. a mapping population used in this study was derived from a cross of sando's 4040 and pi220127, a greenbug susceptible wheat land race from afghanistan. a progeny test indicated that gby is inherit ... | 2004 | 15309299 |
| the effect of different spray liquids on the foliar retention of agricultural sprays by wheat plants in a canopy. | the aim of this work was to examine the effect of liquid properties on spray retention in a range of situations representative of practical pesticide application. liquids with different physical properties were sprayed with conventional flat-fan and air-induction nozzles onto outdoor-grown wheat plants (triticum aestivum l cv axona) at growth stages between gs 22 and gs 35. since total retention is affected by leaf surface as well as plant growth stage and canopy density, the experiments include ... | 2004 | 15307670 |
| mapping of 99 new microsatellite-derived loci in rye (secale cereale l.) including 39 expressed sequence tags. | the genetic map of rye contains predominantly restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers but also a limited number of microsatellite markers, which are known to be more reliable and easier to apply. we report here the saturation of the genomic map of rye with additional microsatellite-derived markers that we obtained from the rye expressed sequence tag (est) databases and the gatersleben collection of wheat microsatellite markers (wms). a total of 99 loci (39 est and 60 wms) were ma ... | 2004 | 15300380 |
| synthesis of antioxidants in wheat sprouts. | aqueous and ethanolic extracts from wheat (triticum aestivum) sprout powder were analyzed to determine its reduction and antioxidant activities. mean and standard deviation of five independent samples were reported. the results showed that the micromoles of potassium ferricyanide reduced by aqueous and ethanolic extracts corresponding to 1 g of sprout powder (80.6 +/- 11.2 and 9.7 +/- 1.8, respectively) were higher than that reduced by 1 mg of other reducing compounds: ascorbic acid, rutin, quer ... | 2004 | 15291497 |
| activities of fructan- and sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in wheat stems subjected to water stress during grain filling. | this study investigated if a controlled water deficit during grain filling of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) could accelerate grain filling by facilitating the remobilization of carbon reserves in the stem through regulating the enzymes involved in fructan and sucrose metabolism. two high lodging-resistant wheat cultivars were grown in pots and treated with either a normal (nn) or high amount of nitrogen (hn) at heading time. plants were either well-watered (ww) or water-stressed (ws) from 9 days ... | 2004 | 15290295 |
| a direct repeat sequence associated with the centromeric retrotransposons in wheat. | a high-density bac filter of triticum monococcum was screened for the presence of a centromeric retrotransposon using the integrase region as a probe. southern hybridization to the bac digests using total genomic dna probes of triticum monococcum, triticum aestivum, and hordeum vulgare detected differentially hybridizing restriction fragments between wheat and barley. the fragments that hybridized to genomic dna of wheat but not to that of barley were subcloned. fluorescence in situ hybridizatio ... | 2004 | 15284880 |
| colocation between a gene encoding the bzip factor spa and an eqtl for a high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit in wheat (triticum aestivum). | the quality of wheat grain is largely determined by the quantity and composition of storage proteins (prolamins) and depends on mechanisms underlying the regulation of expression of prolamin genes. the endosperm-specific wheat basic region leucine zipper (bzip) factor storage protein activator (spa) is a positive regulator that binds to the promoter of a prolamin gene. the aim of this study was to map spa (the gene encoding bzip factor spa) and genomic regions associated with quantitative variat ... | 2004 | 15284875 |
| regeneration of somatic hybrids in relation to the nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes of wheat and setaria italica. | somatic hybridization via peg (polyethylene 6000)-mediated protoplast fusion was achieved between two different wheat culture lines (triticum aestivum l., "jinan"177, t1 and t2) and setaria italica (l.) p. beauv. the t1 recipient originated from non-regenerable long-term cell suspensions, while t2 was derived from embryogenic calli with a high regeneration capacity. donor protoplasts were obtained from embryogenic calli of s. italica (s) (with low regeneration capacity) irradiated with different ... | 2004 | 15284872 |
| effect of different temperature on starch synthase activity in excised grains of wheat cultivars. | excised grains of wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties hd 2285 (relatively tolerant) and hd 2329 (susceptible type) were incubated for 1 hr at 15 degrees, 25 degrees, 35 degrees and 45 degrees c. in an another treatment, excised grains were incubated for 1 hr at increasing temperature (15 degrees, 25 degrees, 35 degrees and 45 degrees c) continuously, thus exposing the grains to gradual rise in temperature. the above treated grains were then analysed for the activity of soluble starch synthase (s ... | 2004 | 15282961 |
| ph-dependence of pesticide adsorption by wheat-residue-derived black carbon. | the potential of black carbon as an adsorbent for pesticides in soils may be strongly influenced by the properties of the adsorbent and pesticides and by the environmental conditions. this study evaluated the effect of ph on the adsorption of diuron, bromoxynil, and ametryne by a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) residue derived black carbon (wc) as compared to a commercial activated carbon (ac). the ph drift method indicated that wc had a point of zero charge of 4.2, much lower than that of 7.8 for ... | 2004 | 15274579 |
| [phylogenetic relationships and intraspecific variation of d-genome aegilops l. as revealed by rapd analysis]. | rapd analysis was carried out to study the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of polyploid aegilops species, which contain the d genome as a component of the alloploid genome, and diploid aegilops tauschii, which is a putative donor of the d genome for common wheat. in total, 74 accessions of six d-genome aegilops species were examined. the highest intraspecific variation (0.03-0.21) was observed for ae. tauschii. intraspecific distances between accessions ranged 0.007-0.067 in ae. ... | 2004 | 15272562 |
| [expression of fertility during morphogenesis in self-pollinated backcrossed progenies of barley-wheat amphiploids]. | the fertility characteristics expressed during morphogenesis in first-generation self-pollinated backcrossed progenies (bc1) obtained from amphiploid barley-wheat hybrids [hordeum geniculatum all. (2n = 28) x triticum aestivum l. (2n = 42)] (2n = 70) backcrossed with common wheat were studied. it was found that, in the case of self-pollination of bc1 plants, karyotype stabilization leads to the formation of alloplasmic euploid (2n = 42), telocentric substitution (2n = 40 + 2t), and telocentric a ... | 2004 | 15272561 |
| effect of zinc fertilization on cadmium toxicity in durum and bread wheat grown in zinc-deficient soil. | the effect of increasing application of zinc (zn) and cadmium (cd) on shoot dry weight and shoot concentrations of zn and cd was studied in bread and durum wheat cultivars. plants were grown in severely zn-deficient calcareous soil treated with increasing zn (0 and 10 mg kg(-1) soil) and cd (0, 10 and 25 mg kg(-1) soil) and harvested after 35 and 65 days of growth under greenhouse conditions. growing plants without zn fertilization caused severe depression in shoot growth, especially in durum wh ... | 2004 | 15261409 |
| mitochondria are the main target for oxidative damage in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | photosynthesis, respiration, and other processes produce reactive oxygen species (ros) that can cause oxidative modifications to proteins, lipids, and dna. the production of ros increases under stress conditions, causing oxidative damage and impairment of normal metabolism. in this work, oxidative damage to various subcellular compartments (i.e. chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes) was studied in two cultivars of wheat differing in ascorbic acid content, and growing under good irrigation ... | 2004 | 15258167 |
| preferential flow of bromide, bentazon, and imidacloprid in a dutch clay soil. | leaching to ground water and tile drains are important parts of the environmental assessment of pesticides. the aims of the present study were to (i) assess the significance of preferential flow for pesticide leaching under realistic worst-case conditions for dutch agriculture (soil profile with thick clay layer and high rainfall) and (ii) collect a high-quality data set that is suitable for testing pesticide leaching models. the movement of water, bromide, and the pesticides bentazon [3-isoprop ... | 2017 | 15254130 |
| phloem import and storage metabolism are highly coordinated by the low oxygen concentrations within developing wheat seeds. | we studied the influence of the internal oxygen concentration in seeds of wheat (triticum aestivum) on storage metabolism and its relation to phloem import of nutrients. wheat seeds that were developing at ambient oxygen (21%) were found to be hypoxic (2.1%). altering the oxygen supply by decreasing or increasing the external oxygen concentration induced parallel changes in the internal oxygen tension. however, the decrease in internal concentration was proportionally less than the reduction in ... | 2004 | 15247408 |
| sequence polymorphism in polyploid wheat and their d-genome diploid ancestor. | sequencing was used to investigate the origin of the d genome of the allopolyploid species triticum aestivum and aegilops cylindrica. a 247-bp region of the wheat d-genome xwye838 locus, encoding adp-glucopyrophosphorylase, and a 326-bp region of the wheat d-genome gss locus, encoding granule-bound starch synthase, were sequenced in a total 564 lines of hexaploid wheat (t. aestivum, genome aabbdd) involving all its subspecies and 203 lines of aegilops tauschii, the diploid source of the wheat d ... | 2004 | 15238542 |
| activities of key enzymes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in wheat grains subjected to water deficit during grain filling. | this study tested the hypothesis that a controlled water deficit during grain filling of wheat (triticum aestivum) could accelerate grain-filling rate through regulating the key enzymes involved in suc-to-starch pathway in the grains. two high lodging-resistant wheat cultivars were field grown. well-watered and water-deficit (wd) treatments were imposed from 9 dpa until maturity. the wd promoted the reallocation of prefixed 14c from the stems to grains, shortened the grain-filling period, and in ... | 2004 | 15235118 |
| proteomic characterization of herbicide safener-induced proteins in the coleoptile of triticum tauschii seedlings. | proteomic methods such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, as well as immunoblotting, were used to identify herbicide safener-induced proteins in the coleoptile of triticum tauschii, a diploid wheat containing the d genome also found in the cultivated, hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum. the herbicide safener fluxofenim dramatically increased protein abundance in the molecular weight (m(r)) range of 24 to 30 kda, as well as a few higher m(r) ... | 2004 | 15221767 |
| antioxidants, free radicals, storage proteins, puroindolines, and proteolytic activities in bread wheat (triticum aestivum) seeds during accelerated aging. | seeds of bread wheat were incubated at 40 degrees c and 100% relative humidity for 0, 3, 4, 6, and 10 days. the effects of accelerated aging on seed germinability and some biochemical properties of flour (carotenoid, free radical, and protein contents and proteolytic activity) and gluten (free radical content and flexibility) were investigated. seed germinability decreased during aging, resulting in seed death after 10 days. a progressive decrease of carotenoid content, in particular, lutein, wa ... | 2004 | 15212480 |
| compared use of hplc and fzce for cluster analysis of triticum spp and for the identification of t. durum adulteration. | wheat quality criteria continually evolve in response to market pressure and consumer preference. characterization of cereal cultivars for quality and agronomic properties, have widely shown the importance of the protein content to ensure good quality products. the aim of this work is a comparison of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) and free zone capillary electrophoresis (fzce) in the identification of italian wheat cultivars and detection of durum wheat flour adu ... | 2004 | 15212451 |
| [preliminary gene-mapping of photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterility in wheat (triticum aestivum l.)]. | the photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterile (ptsgms) line in wheat is important for the utilization of heterosis. the wheat line, bau3338, is an excellent ptsgms material identified in the recent years. in this study, its ptsgms genes were mapped using molecular markers, ssr and issr. the result of molecular analysis showed that the two ptsgms loci were identified and designated as ptms1 and ptms2, respectively. in addition, the genetic effect analysis indicated that the locus effec ... | 2004 | 15195570 |
| photosynthetic pigment composition and photosystem ii photochemistry of wheat ears. | the characteristics of pigment composition and photosystem ii (psii) photochemistry in the flag leaf and ear parts of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in the field was compared. at the early stage of flowering, awns and the flag leaf showed the highest values in the maximal efficiency of psii photochemistry (fv/fm), actual psii efficiency (phi(psii)), photochemical quenching (qp), and the efficiency of excitation capture by open psii centres (fv/f'm), followed by glumes, lemmas, and paleae, re ... | 2004 | 15191742 |
| maintaining exponential growth, solution conductivity, and solution ph in low-ionic-strength solution culture using a computer-controlled nutrient delivery system. | studies of plant nutrient requirements in solution culture have often used nutrient concentrations many-fold higher than levels found in fertile soils, creating an artificial rooting environment that can alter patterns of nutrient acquisition. the relative addition rate (rar) technique addresses this problem by providing nutrients in exponentially increasing quantities to plant roots in solution culture. a computer-controlled rar nutrient delivery system has been developed to reduce workload and ... | 2004 | 15181105 |
| [localization of fibrillarin, 53 kda protein and ag-nor proteins in the nuclei of giant antipodal cells of the wheat triticum aestivum]. | distribution of nucleolar argentophylic proteins, fibrillarin and 53 kda protein, in highly polyploid nuclei of antipodal cells of triticum aestivum l. was studied at different stages of the embryo sac development. the main results are as follows. 1. ag-nor proteins and fibrillarin form clusters are distributed in the giant nucleoli, whereas 53 kda protein is mainly localized on the nucleolar periphery. ag-nor proteins and fibrillarin are accumulated as globular nucleolar-like particles--micronu ... | 2004 | 15174351 |
| aluminum targets elongating cells by reducing cell wall extensibility in wheat roots. | phytotoxicity of aluminum is characterized by a rapid inhibition of root elongation at micromolar concentrations, however, the mechanisms primarily responsible for this response are not well understood. we investigated the effect of al on the viscosity and elasticity parameters of root cell wall by a creep-extension analysis in two cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) differing in al resistance. the root elongation and both viscous and elastic extensibility of cell wall of the root apices w ... | 2004 | 15169940 |
| accumulation of 1,3-beta-d-glucans, in response to aluminum and cytosolic calcium in triticum aestivum. | one of the most rapid responses to aluminum (al) stress in plants is enhanced synthesis and deposition of 1,3-beta-d-glucans (callose) in root tips. ironically, al-induced synthesis and deposition of callose occurs in vivo, despite evidence from in vitro systems that suggests that al is a powerful inhibitor of 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase. we set out to test the hypothesis that an al-induced increase in the activity of free calcium in the cytoplasm ([ca(2+)](cyt)) is the trigger for enhanced synth ... | 2004 | 15169936 |
| cold hardiness of wheat near-isogenic lines differing in vernalization alleles. | four major genes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), with the dominant alleles designated vrn-a1, vrn-b1, vrn-d1, and vrn4, are known to have large effects on the vernalization response, but the effects on cold hardiness are ambiguous. near-isogenic experimental lines (nils) in a triple dirk (td) genetic background with different vernalization alleles were evaluated for cold hardiness. although td is homozygous dominant for vrn-a1 (formerly vrn1) and vrn-b1 (formerly vrn2), four of the lines are ea ... | 2004 | 15168023 |
| intraspecific responses in grain quality of 10 wheat cultivars to enhanced uv-b radiation under field conditions. | field studies were conducted to determine the potential for intraspecific responses in grain quality of 10 wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars to enhanced ultraviolet-b (uv-b, 280-315 nm) radiation. the plants were exposed to 5 kjm(-2) supplemental uv-b radiation, simulating a depletion of 20% stratospheric ozone. in wheat cultivars tested, intraspecific responses in 16 amino acid contents and total amino acid contents in grains were found. out of tested wheat cultivars, dali 905, mianyang 20, w ... | 2004 | 15157904 |
| from individual leaf elongation to whole shoot leaf area expansion: a comparison of three aegilops and two triticum species. | rapid leaf area expansion is a desirable trait in the early growth stages of cereal crops grown in low-rainfall areas. in this study, the traits associated with inherent variation in early leaf area expansion rates have been investigated in two wheat species (triticum aestivum and t. durum) and three of its wild relatives (aegilops umbellulata, a. caudata and a. tauschii) to find out whether the aegilops species have a faster leaf area expansion in their early developmental stage than some of th ... | 2004 | 15155374 |
| phenotypic mechanisms of host resistance against greenbug (homoptera: aphididae) revealed by near isogenic lines of wheat. | interactions between biotype e greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rondani), and wheat, triticum aestivum l., were investigated using resistant and susceptible near isogenic lines of the greenbug resistance gene gb3. in an antixenosis test, the greenbugs preferred susceptible plants to resistant ones when free choice of hosts was allowed. aphid feeding resulted in quick and severe damage to susceptible plants, which seemed to follow a general pattern spatially and was affected by the position where t ... | 2004 | 15154495 |
| cloning and expression of pinb gene from triticum monococum seeds. | puroindolines (pin) are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, endosperm-specific, basic proteins with a unique tryptophan-rich domain found in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) as well as other members of triticaceae. pins appear to be involved in both flour softness as well as resistance against fungal diseases. these proteins are known to be the major components of 'friabilin' associated with the surface of water washed starch grains and possess lipid binding properti ... | 2003 | 15151287 |
| [comparative studies on proteins of cytoplasmic male-sterile wheat and its maintainer by 2d-page in triticum aestivum]. | by using 2d-page techniques, protein compositions have been studied at different developmental stage leaf (seedling, tillering, shooting and booting stages) and pollen mother cells (pmc) (meiotic, 1-nucleus and 2-3 nuclei stages) in male sterile wheat and its maintainer. the results indicated that a specific protein (33kd/pi6.3) identified at the shooting and booting stage leaves in male-sterile wheat, but this protein species has not been identified in the male fertile wheat. four protein speci ... | 2004 | 15133897 |
| in silico physical mapping software for the triticum aestivum genome. | the large size of the triticum aestivum genome makes it unlikely that a complete genome sequence for wheat will be available in the near future. exploiting the conserved genome organization between wheat and rice and existing genomic resources, we have constructed in silico physical mapping software for wheat, assigning a gross physical location(s) into chromosome bins to 22,626 representative wheat gene sequences. to validate the predictions from the software we compared the predicted locations ... | 2004 | 15133717 |
| [inheritance of heading date in crosses of wheat cultivar responsiveness to light intensity]. | the inheritance of heading date has been studied in crosses of spring bread wheat cultivars differing in their reaction to various light intensities. the parental cultivars were similar in their vrn and ppd gene systems and differed in heading dates. domination of higher reaction to light intensity has been shown in f1 on duration of "ear emergence-heading" period. analysis of f2 populations has shown the identity of earliness per se genetic systems in novosibirskaya 22 and ordynskaya cultivars. ... | 2008 | 15131962 |
| rapid genome evolution revealed by comparative sequence analysis of orthologous regions from four triticeae genomes. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is an allohexaploid species, consisting of three subgenomes (a, b, and d). to study the molecular evolution of these closely related genomes, we compared the sequence of a 307-kb physical contig covering the high molecular weight (hmw)-glutenin locus from the a genome of durum wheat (triticum turgidum, aabb) with the orthologous regions from the b genome of the same wheat and the d genome of the diploid wheat aegilops tauschii (anderson et al., 2003; kong et al., ... | 2004 | 15122014 |
| thioredoxin reduction alters the solubility of proteins of wheat starchy endosperm: an early event in cereal germination. | a kcl-soluble, albumin/globulin fraction of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) starchy endosperm was further separated into a methanol-insoluble fraction that contained metabolic proteins and a methanol-soluble fraction that contained "chloroform-methanol" or cm-like proteins. reduction of the disulfide bonds of the cm proteins with thioredoxin or dithiothreitol altered their properties so that, like the metabolic proteins, they were insoluble in methanol. glutathione had little effect, indicating dit ... | 2004 | 15111715 |
| impacts of ozone on the growth and yield of field-grown winter wheat. | seed of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv riband) was sown on 29 august 1992 in eight field plots. four plots were exposed to elevated ozone (o(3)) concentrations on 16 days between 29 august and 2 october 1992, for 6 h day(-1), and on 27 days between 29 march and 24 august 1993, for 7 h day(-1). mean daily o(3) concentrations were approximately 30 and 80 nmol mol(-1) in ambient and fumigated plots, respectively. plants were sampled on 5 november (1992), 14 january, 16 february, 1 april, 25 ... | 1999 | 15093060 |
| the effect of ozone on below-ground carbon allocation in wheat. | short-term (14)co(2) pulse and chase experiments were conducted in order to investigate the effect of ozone on below-ground carbon allocation in spring wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l. 'anza'). wheat seedlings were grown in a sand-hydroponic system and exposed to either high ozone (38-40 ppm-h) or low ozone (23-31 ppm-h) for 21 days in a series of replicated experiments. following the ozone exposures, the plants were pulsed with (14)co(2) and allocation of (14)c-labeled photosynthate was me ... | 2000 | 15092992 |
| interactive effects of temperature and heavy metal stress on the growth and some biochemical compounds in wheat seedlings. | in this study, the interaction between temperature and heavy metal stress was investigated in two wheat varieties (triticum aestivum l. cv. gerek-79 and bolal-2973). effects of different concentrations of lead and cadmium (0, 50, 100, 250, 500 mg l(-1)) simultaneously applied at various temperatures (8/4, 25/18, 35/26 degrees c day/night) to the seedlings were detected by measuring changes in the plant length, percentage of dry weight, chlorophyll (a, b, a/b), total soluble phenolics, and free p ... | 2000 | 15092977 |
| an ozone flux-response relationship for wheat. | six open-top chamber experiments with field-grown wheat triticum aestivum l. (five with spring wheat and one with winter wheat) were combined to test which of the two ozone exposure indices, aot40 and cfo(3), that provided the most consistent relationship between relative yield loss and ozone exposure. aot40 is the accumulated exposure over a threshold ozone concentration of 40 nl l(-1), while cfo(3) is the cumulative flux of ozone (uptake) to the flag leaves. the ozone uptake of the flag leaves ... | 2000 | 15092878 |
| predicting cadmium concentrations in wheat and barley grain using soil properties. | the entry of cd into the food chain is of concern as it can cause chronic health problems. to investigate the relationship between soil properties and the concentration of cd in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and harley (hordeum vulgare l.) grain, we analyzed 162 wheat and 215 barley grain samples collected from paired soil and crop surveys in britain, and wheat and barley samples from two long-term sewage sludge experiments. cadmium concentrations were much lower in barley grain than in wheat gra ... | 2017 | 15074804 |
| effect of chloride in soil solution on the plant availability of biosolid-borne cadmium. | increasing chloride (cl) concentration in soil solution has been shown to increase cadmium (cd) concentration in soil solution and cd uptake by plants, when grown in phosphate fertilizer- or biosolid-amended soils. however, previous experiments did not distinguish between the effect of cl on biosolid-borne cd compared with soil-borne cd inherited from previous fertilizer history. a factorial pot experiment was conducted with biosolid application rates of 0, 20, 40, and 80 g biosolids kg(-1) and ... | 2013 | 15074800 |
| a new method to detect cadmium uptake in protoplasts. | the mechanism for cadmium (cd2+) uptake into the cytosol of protoplasts from 5- to 7-day-old wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l. cv. kadett) was investigated by a new method, using fluorescence microscopy and the heavy metal-specific fluorescent dye, 5-nitrobenzothiazole coumarin, btc-5n. cadmium fluorescence gradually increased in the cytosol of shoot and root protoplasts upon repeated additions of cdcl2 to the external medium, reflecting an uptake of cd2+. the uptake was inhibited by calcium ... | 2004 | 15069560 |
| aflp-based genetic diversity and its comparison with diversity based on ssr, sampl, and phenotypic traits in bread wheat. | data on aflp (eight primer pairs) and 14 phenotypic traits, collected on 55 elite and exotic bread wheat genotypes, were utilized for estimations of genetic diversity. we earlier used these 55 genotypes for a similar study using ssrs and sampl. as many as 615 scorable aflp bands visualized included 287 (46.6%) polymorphic bands. the phenotypic traits included yield and its component traits, as well as physiomorphological traits like flag leaf area. dendrograms were prepared using cluster analysi ... | 2004 | 15068338 |
| [allele characterization of storage protein loci in the greek spring wheat cultivars]. | genotypes at the storage protein loci glu-a1, glu-b1, glu-d1, gli-a1, gli-b1, gli-d1, gli-a3 were identified in a group of greek spring common wheat varieties. these varieties served as the parental forms for producing dihaploid lines. heterogeneous varieties were revealed. | 2008 | 15067944 |
| transferability of ssr markers among wheat, rye, and triticale. | simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers are a valuable tool for many purposes, such as mapping, fingerprinting, and breeding. however, they are only available in some economically important crops because of the high cost and labor intensity involved in their development. comparative mapping reveals a high degree of colinearity between closely related species, which allows the exchange of markers between them. our objective was to examine the transferability of ssr markers among wheat ( triticum aes ... | 2004 | 15067402 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis of glu-1 high-molecular-mass glutenin genes from wheat by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. | the unique bread-making properties of wheat are closely correlated with composition and quantity of high-molecular-mass (hmw) glutenin subunits encoded by the glu-1 genes. we report the development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method to identify bread wheat genotypes carrying hmw glutenin allele composition of glu-1 complex loci (glu-a1, glu-b1 and glu-d1) by capillary electrophoresis(ce) with laser-induced fluorescence (lif) detection. two triplex primer sets of hmw glutenin s ... | 2004 | 15065810 |
| molecular cytogenetic characterization of an alloplasmic durum wheat line with a portion of chromosome 1d of triticum aestivum carrying the scs(ae) gene. | triticum aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) with triticum longissimum (2n = 2x = 14; s1s1) cytoplasm ((lo) cytoplasm) has normal fertility and plant vigor. however, the nucleus of durum wheat (triticum turgidum (2n = 4x = 28, aabb)) is incompatible with the t. longissimum cytoplasm, producing non-viable progeny. this incompatibility is alleviated by scs(ae), a species cytoplasm-specific (scs) gene, on the long arm of chromosome 1d (1dl) of common wheat. the hemizygous (lo) durum scs(ae) line is mal ... | 2004 | 15060617 |
| genetic and physical mapping of homoeologous recombination points involving wheat chromosome 2b and rye chromosome 2r. | wide hybrids have been used in generating genetic maps of many plant species. in this study, genetic and physical mapping was performed on ph1b-induced recombinants of rye chromosome 2r in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). all recombinants were single breakpoint translocations. recombination 2rs-2bs was absent from the terminal and the pericentric regions and was distributed randomly along an intercalary segment covering approximately 65% of the arm's length. such a distribution probably resulted fr ... | 2004 | 15060600 |
| intermediate fertile triticum aestivum (+) agropyron elongatum somatic hybrids are generated by low doses of uv irradiation. | we report the production and characterization of somatic hybrids between triticum aestivum l. and agropyron elongatum (host) nevishi (the synonym is thinopyrum ponticum). asymmetric protoplast fusion was performed between agropyron elongatum protoplasts irradiated with a low uv dose and protoplasts of wheat taken from nonregenerable suspension cultures. more than 40 green plantlets were obtained from 15 regenerated clones and one of them produced seeds. the phenotypes of the hybrid plants and se ... | 2004 | 15040895 |
| differential effects of aluminium on osmotic potential and sugar accumulation in the root cells of al-resistant and al-sensitive wheat. | the changes in osmotic potential and the concentration of osmotic solutes in the cell sap of the root tips exposed to al were examined in two cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum) differing in al resistance. root elongation was less influenced by an 8-h exposure to 20 microm or 50 microm al in al-resistant cv. atlas 66 than in al-sensitive cv. scout 66. after al treatment the osmotic potential of the root cells was decreased in atlas 66 but increased in scout 66 indicating that the al treatment ... | 2004 | 15032882 |
| influence of ozone on ribonuclease activity in wheat (triticum aestivum) leaves. | ribonucleases (rnases) degrade rna and exert a major influence on gene expression during development and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. rnase activity typically increases in response to pathogen attack, wounding and phosphate (p(i)) deficiency. activity also increases during senescence and other programmed cell death processes. the air pollutant ozone (o(3)) often induces injury and accelerated senescence in many plants, but the biochemical mechanisms involved in these responses rem ... | 2004 | 15032859 |
| wheat seedlings as a model to understand desiccation tolerance and sensitivity. | the coleoptiles of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings of cultivar trémie are desiccation tolerant when 3 days old, although the roots are not. cutting some of the coleoptiles open prior to dehydration rapidly increased the drying rate. this rendered the coleoptiles sensitive to desiccation, providing a useful model with which to study desiccation tolerance. both sensitive and tolerant seedlings were dehydrated to 0.3 g h(2)o g(-1) dry mass (g.g) and thereafter rehydrated. sensitive tissues a ... | 2004 | 15032818 |
| [purification and characterization of lipases from wheat germ]. | a method of isolation and purification of lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) from the germ of wheat (triticum aestivum) is described. electrophoretically homogeneous preparation of the enzyme (specific activity, 622.5 x x 10(-3) mumol/min per mg protein) was obtained after purification in 61 times. the molecular weight of the enzyme, determined by gel chromatography, was 143 +/- 2 kda. the optimal conditions for the enzyme were 37 degrees and ph 8.0. homogeneous preparation of the lipase exhibited high thermal ... | 2006 | 15029708 |
| alkali grass resists salt stress through high [k+] and an endodermis barrier to na+. | in order to understand the salt-tolerance mechanism of alkali grass (puccinellia tenuiflora) compared with wheat (triticum aestivum l.), [k(+)] and [na(+)] in roots and shoots in response to salt treatments were examined with ion element analysis and x-ray microanalysis. both the rapid k(+) and na(+) influx in response to different nacl and kcl treatments, and the accumulation of k(+) and na(+) as the plants acclimated to long-term stress were studied in culture- solution experiments. a higher k ... | 2004 | 15020645 |
| expression and localisation analysis of the wheat sucrose transporter tasut1 in vegetative tissues. | previously we reported the isolation of three sucrose transporter genes, tasut1a, 1b and 1d, all expressed at high levels in the developing grains of hexaploid wheat ( triticum aestivum l.), but also in a variety of other tissues. in order to further characterise the expression of the tasut1 genes in wheat plants, we have analysed tasut1 expression in their vegetative tissues using semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridisation and immunolocalisation. th ... | 2004 | 15014993 |
| localization of a novel recessive powdery mildew resistance gene from common wheat line rd30 in the terminal region of chromosome 7al. | segregation analysis of resistance to powdery mildew in a f(2) progeny from the cross chinese spring (cs) x ta2682c revealed the inheritance of a dominant and a recessive powdery mildew resistance gene. selfing of susceptible f(2) individuals allowed the establishment of a mapping population segregating exclusively for the recessive resistance gene. the extracted resistant derivative showing full resistance to each of 11 wheat powdery mildew isolates was designated rd30. amplified fragment lengt ... | 2004 | 15014874 |
| microsatellite-based deletion bin system for the establishment of genetic-physical map relationships in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | because of polyploidy and large genome size, deletion stocks of bread wheat are an ideal material for physically allocating ests and genes to small chromosomal regions for targeted mapping. to enhance the utility of deletion stocks for chromosome bin mapping, we characterized a set of 84 deletion lines covering the 21 chromosomes of wheat using 725 microsatellites. we localized these microsatellite loci to 94 breakpoints in a homozygous state (88 distal deletions, 6 interstitial), and 5 in a het ... | 2004 | 15004738 |
| [differences in growth and ontogenetic development of plants grown in the earth gravitational field in the natural and inverse orientation]. | wheat plants triticum aestivum l., apogee cultivar, were grown in the natural and inverse orientation of the earth gravitational field. special vegetation containers with double bottom were used for the cultivation. the upper bottom made of porous titanium served as a hydrophilic porous membrane stabilizing aquatic potential in the root-inhabited zone at a given level. normal plants yielding viable seeds were obtained for both natural and inverse orientation. in our experiments, the inverse orie ... | 2016 | 14994469 |
| [effects of genotype and environment on wheat grain quality and protein components]. | the variations of grain qualities and protein components of 40 wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties were studied at three sites in 1998 and 1999. the results showed that there were significant differences among the genotypes in all the quality characters and protein components. the 40 wheat varieties were divided into 6 groups by comprehensive characters, which mainly included semi-hard and soft wheat in the experimental environment. the effects of environment were significant on grain test weigh ... | 2003 | 14986358 |
| genetic basis of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance using single-locus and two-locus qtl analyses in bread wheat. | quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (phst) in bread wheat was conducted following single-locus and two-locus analyses, using data on a set of 110 recombinant inbred lines (rils) of the international triticeae mapping initiative population grown in four different environments. single-locus analysis following composite interval mapping (cim) resolved a total of five qtls with one to four qtls in each of the four individual environments. four of these five qtl ... | 2004 | 14986154 |
| protein phosphorylation in amyloplasts regulates starch branching enzyme activity and protein-protein interactions. | protein phosphorylation in amyloplasts and chloroplasts of triticum aestivum (wheat) was investigated after the incubation of intact plastids with gamma-(32)p-atp. among the soluble phosphoproteins detected in plastids, three forms of starch branching enzyme (sbe) were phosphorylated in amyloplasts (sbei, sbeiia, and sbeiib), and both forms of sbe in chloroplasts (sbei and sbeiia) were shown to be phosphorylated after sequencing of the immunoprecipitated (32)p-labeled phosphoproteins using quadr ... | 2004 | 14973170 |
| one hundred and one new microsatellite loci derived from ests (est-ssrs) in bread wheat. | four hundred and seventy-eight microsatellite markers derived from expressed sequence tags (est-ssrs) were screened among three mapping populations (w-7984xopata 85, wopop; lumaixhanxuan, lhpop; wenmaixshanhongmai, wspop). the number of polymorphic est-ssr primer pairs found in wopop, lhpop and wspop was 92, 58 and 29 respectively. a total of 101 est-ssr loci amplified from 88 primer sets were distributed over the 20 chromosomes of the reference maps (no markers were located on chromosome 4b). t ... | 2004 | 14968301 |
| mechanisms underlying the amelioration of o3-induced damage by elevated atmospheric concentrations of co2. | there is growing evidence that rising atmospheric co2 concentrations will reduce or prevent reductions in the growth and productivity of c3 crops attributable to ozone (o3) pollution. in this study, the role of pollutant exclusion in mediating this response was investigated through growth chamber-based investigations on leaves 4 and 7 of spring wheat (triticum aestivum cv. hanno). in the core experiments, plants were raised at two atmospheric co2 concentrations (ambient [350 micro l l(-1)] or el ... | 2004 | 14966219 |
| [cultivar identification of monosomal series of common wheat]. | storage proteins (gliadins) were employed in cultivar identification of a monosomic series obtained on the basis of a swedish accession. the cultivar was identified as diamant 2. | 2003 | 14964843 |
| [features of recombination of nuclear genome in back crossed offspring of barley-wheat hybrids hordeum vulgare l. (2n=14) x triticum aestivum l. (2n+42) with the use of ssr-analysis]. | the backcross progenies of the barley-wheat hybrids hordeum vulgare l. (2n = 14) x triticum aestivum l. (2n = 42) and two alloplasmic lines derived from them were studied using microsatellite markers of barley and wheat. the f1 hybrids and first backcross plants bc1 contained the genetic material of both cultivated barley and the cultivars of common wheat involved in developing of these hybrid genotypes. the genomes of bc3, bc4, and alloplasmic lines contained no microsatellite markers of the cu ... | 2003 | 14964835 |
| [effect of substituting chromosome 5a with an supernumary chromosome 5b in offspring of a somaclonal common wheat line monosomic for 5a]. | cytogenetic analysis was employed in studying the cause of generation of fertile awned forms in the progeny of plants, which were selected from a speltoid somaclonal wheat line monosomic for chromosome 5a (2n = 41 = 20ii + i), had speltoid spikes, and were reproduced by self pollination. on cytogenetic and genetic evidence, chromosome 5a was eliminated and the copy number of chromosome 5b increased in the plants examined. the appearance of an extra chromosome 5b is probably caused by nondisjunct ... | 2003 | 14964833 |
| temporal dynamics of carbon partitioning and rhizodeposition in wheat. | the temporal dynamics of partitioning and rhizodeposition of recent photosynthate in wheat (triticum aestivum) roots were quantified in situ in solution culture. after a 30-min pulse of (14)co(2) to a single intact leaf, (14)c activities of individual carbon fluxes in the root, including exudation, respiration, and root content, were measured continuously over the next 20 h concurrently with (14)c efflux from the leaf. immediately after the end of the (14)co(2) pulse, (14)c activity was detected ... | 2004 | 14764904 |
| effect of zinc-cadmium interactions on the uptake of zinc and cadmium by winter wheat (triticum aestivum) grown in pot culture. | | 2003 | 14756301 |
| structural studies of the allelic wheat glutenin subunits 1bx7 and 1bx20 by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | structural studies of the high molecular mass (hmm) glutenin subunits 1bx7 (from cvs hereward and galatea) and 1bx20 (from cv. bidi17) of bread wheat were conducted using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tofms) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (rp-hplc/esi-ms). for all three proteins, maldi-tofms analysis showed that the isolated fractions contained a second component with a mass ... | 2004 | 14760615 |
| similarities of omega gliadins from triticum urartu to those encoded on chromosome 1a of hexaploid wheat and evidence for their post-translational processing. | the omega-gliadins encoded on chromosome 1 of the a genome were purified from triticum aestivum l. (2n=6 x=42, aabbdd) cv. butte86, nullisomic 1d-tetrasomic 1a of cv. chinese spring (cs n1dt1a), and the diploid t. urartu (2n=2 x=14, aa ). reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography combined with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of gliadin extracts from cs nullisomic-tetrasomic (nt) lines confirmed the assignment to chromosome 1a. the purified omega-gliadins were ... | 2004 | 14747918 |
| formation of wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) embryogenic callus involves peroxide-generating germin-like oxalate oxidase. | in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.), embryogenic callus formation comprises suppression of precocious germination by the zygotic embryo and the initiation of dedifferentiated cellular proliferation within it. embryogenic calli are induced by treating immature embryos with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). upon withdrawal from 2,4-d, somatic embryos develop from the periphery of the callus. prior to visible callus formation, there is a striking induction of "germin-like" oxalate oxidase ("gl-o ... | 2004 | 14745556 |
| drought acclimation reduces o2*- accumulation and lipid peroxidation in wheat seedlings. | abiotic stresses cause ros accumulation, which is detrimental to plant growth. it is well known that acclimation of plants under mild or sub-lethal stress condition leads to development of resistance in plants to severe or lethal stress condition. the generation of ros and subsequent oxidative damage during drought stress is well documented in the crop plants. however, the effect of drought acclimation treatment on ros accumulation and lipid peroxidation has not been examined so far. in this stu ... | 2004 | 14741695 |
| identification and molecular characterization of a novel y-type glu-dt 1 glutenin gene of aegilops tauschii. | a novel y-type high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit possessing a slightly faster mobility than that of subunit 1dy12 in sds-page, designated 1dy12.1(t) in aegilops tauschi, was identified by one- and two-dimensional gel and capillary electrophoresis. its coding gene at the glu-d(t) 1 locus was amplified with allele-specific-pcr primers, and the amplified products were cloned and sequenced. the complete nucleotide sequence of 2,807 bp containing an open reading frame of 1,950 bp and 857 bp of u ... | 2004 | 14740085 |
| [transport of ions in mitochondria in connection with osmotic concentration of media]. | studies on mitochondria has revealed apparent violation of laws of osmosis, apparently, related to ion transport. in this context, we studied changes in the content of potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium in mitochondria from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots incubated in the buffer without the substrate with 0.3 or 0.5 m sucrose as well as potassium, and phosphate. the most pronounced changes were observed for potassium. potassium arrival to mitochondria was more active at 0.5 than 0.3 m ... | 2016 | 14735788 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of novel wheat cysteine protease. | a cdna clone encoding a novel papain-like cysteine protease was isolated from wheat germ (triticum aestivum). this cdna encoded a 371-residue protein, designated wcp2, composed of signal peptide followed by a propeptide and a mature protease containing active site residues that are highly conserved among the papain family. the mature wcp2 protein (26 kda) was detected in the quiescent embryo and its level of expression in the germinating embryo was greatly increased. | 2004 | 14729145 |
| characterisation and marker development for low molecular weight glutenin genes from glu-a3 alleles of bread wheat (triticum aestivum. l). | pcr was used to amplify low-molecular-weight (lmw) glutenin genes from the glu-a3 loci of hexaploid wheat cultivars containing different glu-a3 alleles. the complete coding sequence of one lmw glutenin gene was obtained for each of the seven alleles glu-a3a to glu-a3g. chromosome assignment of pcr products using chinese spring nulli-tetrasomic lines confirmed the amplified products were from chromosome 1a. all sequences were classified as lmw-i-type genes based on the presence of an n-terminal i ... | 2004 | 14727031 |
| [luminescent indicators in various parts of wheat leaves in ontogenesis]. | a comparative study of slow fluorescence induction, fluorescence spectra, thermoluminescence, photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content in ontogenesis of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l, cv. yubileinayd) grown in the laboratory conditions was carried out. it was shown that (fm-ft)/ft values of slow fluorescence induction increased with the age of leaf part, reached a maximum (for 2-week-old seedlings), and then decreased. changes in (fm-ft)/ft positively correlated with the changes in ... | 2006 | 14714527 |
| [mechanisms of meiotic restitution and their genetic regulation in wheat-rye polyhaploids]. | meiosis has been studied in partially fertile wheat-rye f1 hybrids yielded by crosses triticum aestivum (saratovskaya 29 variety) x secale cereale l. (onokhoiskaya variety) (4x = 28). hybrid self-fertility proved to be caused by formation of restituted nuclei, which appear after equational segregation of univalent chromosome in ai and sister chromatid non-separation in aii of meiosis, as well as after ai blockage in three different ways. both types of meiotic restitution were found in each hybri ... | 2003 | 14714465 |
| [localization of genes, determining quantitative traits in wheat: amendment to the "catalog of chromosomal mapping of genes in domestic cultivars of wheat"]. | an amendment to the catalog of chromosome location of genes in russian wheat cultivars was constructed with the published data of the recent decade. the results of chromosomal localization were summarized and analyzed by methods of multivariate statistics. chromosomes critical for 40 quantitative traits under study proved to cluster according to their homeology, i.e., by homeological groups. the hypotheses providing an explanation for this finding are considered. it is suggested that quantitativ ... | 2003 | 14714461 |
| wap1, a wheat apetala1 homolog, plays a central role in the phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. | heading time in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is determined by three characters: vernalization requirement, photoperiodic sensitivity and narrow-sense earliness, which are involved in the phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. we identified and characterized the apetala1 (ap1)-like mads box gene in wheat (wap1) as an activator of phase transition. its expression starts just before the phase transition and is maintained during the reproductive phase. inhibition of wap1 expr ... | 2003 | 14701921 |
| [effect of modification of cell calcium status on lectin activity]. | effects of oryzalin (10 microm), an inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, on the activity of soluble and cell wall lectins were studied in 7 day-old seedlings of unhardened (23 degrees c) and cold acclimated (7 days at 2-3 degrees c) winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). seedlings were grown in the presence of 25 microm and 1 mm ca2+, 500 microm verapamil, 250 microm chlorpromazine or without modifiers of calcium status in the medium. inhibitor of the microtubule polymerization inhibitor, like ... | 2002 | 14696259 |
| examination of spectral pretreatments for partial least-squares calibrations for chemical and physical properties of wheat. | use of near-infrared (nir) diffuse reflectance on ground wheat meal for prediction of protein content is a well-accepted practice. although protein content has a strong bearing on the suitability of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) for processed foods, wheat quality, as largely influenced by the configuration and conformation of the monomeric and polymeric endosperm storage proteins, is also of great importance to the food industry. the measurement of quality by nir, however, has been much less succ ... | 2003 | 14686774 |
| [construction of expression vector with bg2 gene and its transformation in wheat]. | beta-1,3-glucanase(bg2) is one of the pathogensis-related-proteins(pr). study of these proteins and their related genes is one of the hot points in plant genetic engineering of disease resistance for a long time. in this research, specific primers were designed with the enzyme cleavage site of spe i in its forward one and not i site in the backward according to the bg2 gene sequence. using this pair of primers, bg2 gene, which was contained in the plasmid of prtl2, was amplified and confirmed by ... | 2003 | 14682239 |
| phosphorylated non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from heterotrophic cells of wheat interacts with 14-3-3 proteins. | glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases catalyze key steps in energy and reducing power partitioning in cells of higher plants. phosphorylated non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapn) present in heterotrophic cells of wheat (triticum aestivum) was activated up to 3-fold by mgcl2. the effect was not observed with the non-phosphorylated enzyme found in leaves. the divalent cation also affected the response of the enzyme from endosperm and shoots to adenine nucleotides ... | 2003 | 14681537 |
| influence of organic matter decomposition on soluble carbon and its copper-binding capacity. | bulk and low molecular weight (lmw) (<1 kda) water-extractable carbon were collected from fresh and microbially degraded wheat straw (triticum aestivum l.) and crimson clover (trifolium incarnatum l.) residues to monitor early-stage humification over an 8-wk incubation. copper complexation parameters were determined for both bulk and lmw water-extractable c for both plant materials in a separate 1-wk incubation. humification progressed through increasing molar absorptivity (a285) and phenolic an ... | 2013 | 14674534 |
| [development and identification of a set of triticum aestivum-thinopyrum bessarabicum disomic alien addition lines]. | in order to transfer the genes for salt tolerance and disease resistance from thinopyrum bessarabicum into wheat, the hybrid progenies between t. aestivum cv. chinese spring and t. aestivum cv. chinese spring-amphiploid th. bessarabicum were screened. a set of t. aestivum-th. bessarabicum disomic addition lines was developed with the assistance of mitotic chromosome c-banding and genomic in situ hybridization (gish), as well as gish on meiotic m i chromosome preparations. the results indicated t ... | 2003 | 14669508 |
| evidence for recycling of inorganic phosphate by wheat chloroplasts during photosynthesis at air levels of co2 and o2. | phosphate recycling under photorespiratory conditions was investigated using intact wheat chloroplasts from triticum aestivum (cv. maris dove). a decline in the optimal pi level needed to support steady-state photosynthesis was observed (a) as the bicarbonate supply became limiting, or (b) as oxygen concentrations were increased. further, at subsaturating co2 and elevated o2 (52%), photosynthetic induction periods were shortest in the absence of exogenous pi, and severely extended by its additio ... | 2003 | 14658388 |
| [dynamics of genetic variation of sartov cultivars of common wheat triticum aestivum l. (from the gliadin-coding locus) after a an 80-year period of scientific selection]. | based on analysis of gliadin patterns in common wheat cultivars developed at the research institute of agriculture of the southeast, profile dynamics in gliadin loci has been surveyed for the period of over eight decades. it was shown that long-term breeding of the wheat cultivars involved gradual replacement of alleles characteristic of ancient cultivars for those widely spread in the world, which are probably linked with alleles that currently confer advantage to their carriers. the process of ... | 2003 | 14658338 |
| pistillody is caused by alterations to the class-b mads-box gene expression pattern in alloplasmic wheats. | class-b floral homeotic genes are involved in specifying petal and stamen identity during flower development in plant species. homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (called pistillody) has been observed in alloplasmic lines of bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) having the cytoplasm of a wild relative species, aegilops crassa boiss. to obtain information about the molecular mechanism underlying pistillody induction, we isolated two pistillata ( pi)-type class-b mads-box ... | 2004 | 14652757 |
| retrotransposon-based molecular markers for linkage and genetic diversity analysis in wheat. | retrotransposon-based molecular markers have been developed to study bread wheat ( triticum aestivum) and its wild relatives. ssap (sequence-specific amplification polymorphism) markers based on the bare-1/ wis-2-1a retrotransposons were assigned to t. aestivum chromosomes by scoring nullisomic-tetrasomic chromosome substitution lines. the markers are distributed among all wheat chromosomes, with the lowest proportion being assigned the d wheat genome. ssap markers for bare-1/ wis-2-1a and three ... | 2004 | 14652738 |
| fixed precision sequential sampling plans for the greenbug and bird cherry-oat aphid (homoptera: aphididae) in winter wheat. | the numbers of greenbugs, schizaphis graminum (rondani), and bird cherry-oat aphids, rhopalosiphum padi l., per wheat tiller (stem) were estimated in 189 production winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fields located throughout oklahoma. taylor's power law regressions were calculated from these data and used to construct fixed precision sequential sampling schemes for each species. an evaluation data set was constructed from 240 samples taken during three growing seasons from winter wheat fields ... | 2003 | 14650535 |
| [recombination frequency in the locus gli-d1 of common wheat t. aestivum l]. | the recombination frequency at the gliadin locus gli-d1 of common wheat was determined by the maximum likelihood method. recombination was observed between the gene encoding the fastest omega-component of the allele gli-d1j, and the genes encoding the other omega-gliadins of this allele. the frequency of recombination was 0.65 +/- 0.18% for the cross between the near-isogenic lines of winter common wheat with respect to gliadin loci gli-d1-4 and gli-b1-3 and 0.78 +/- 0.45% for the cross between ... | 2008 | 14650331 |
| [cytogenetic processes in the course of triticum aestivum and haynatricum hybridization]. | meiosis in hybrids obtained in direct and return crossings between haynatricum and wheat was studied. in f1 hybrids the possibility of stimulation of homoeologous pairing between the chromosomes of t. aestivum and t. dicoccum and, probably, h. villosum, if haynatricum was used as pollinator, has been shown. this process is considerably intensified when the genes regulating chromosome pairing, in particular ph1b mutation, are used. in reciprocal crosses it was shown that wheat genotypes can diffe ... | 2008 | 14650330 |
| [genetic control system of the differences in duration of vernalization in winter common wheat]. | hypotheses of differences in genetic control on duration of vernalization for winter wheat have been considered. it has been shown that differences in this character are controlled by independent vrd gene system. monogenic dominant near-isogenic lines have been created. they differ in two non-allelic vrd1 and vrd2 genes with unequal expression. the response of created lines to photoperiodic changes and vrd genes effects on various agronomic traits have been characterized. vrd genotypes have been ... | 2008 | 14650328 |
| [effect of gametocidal chromosome 4s' on the phenotype segregation ratio in genetic analysis of common wheat lines]. | using experimental data on genetic analysis of introgressive lines for the character "hairy leaf sheath" controlled by the "cuckoo" chromosome 4s1, the algorithm for calculation of the theoretical segregation ratio in f2 was developed. segregation distortion is caused by non-viability of the majority of gametes lacking the chromosome 4s1. the frequency of functioning gametes without the chromosome 4s1 is determined by the probability p versus the theoretically expected ratio 7 nonviable: 9 viabl ... | 2008 | 14650327 |