| [post-trauma ocular pain and delayed blindness in a patient living in a rural setting]. | | 2004 | 15355774 |
| enumeration and isolation of cpe-positive clostridium perfringens spores from feces. | a hydrophobic grid membrane filter-colony hybridization (hgmf-ch) method for the enumeration and isolation of cpe gene-carrying (cpe-positive) clostridium perfringens spores from feces was developed. a 425-bp dna probe specific for the cpe gene was sensitive and specific when tested with bacterial dna and pure cultures. the enumeration of cpe-positive c. perfringens by the hgmf-ch method proved to be as sensitive as nested pcr combined with the most-probable number technique when tested with fec ... | 2004 | 15364981 |
| [antibiotic-associated diarrhea]. | | 2004 | 15368187 |
| reproducibility of bacterial and copepod density assessment in bathing and artisanal fishing water of the eastern mediterranean. | faecal bacteriological indicators and copepod density assessment are used to predict the environmental health of seawater for recreational bathing and artisanal fishing, respectively. the reproducibility of bacterial culture-count and copepod-microscopic density assessment after respective capturing of the sampled seawater on 0.22 microm millipore filter and 150 microm mesh sieve copepod net, is determined. the paired t-test was performed to evaluate the reproducibility of each obtained paramete ... | 2004 | 15369996 |
| massive intravascular hemolysis: a fatal complication of clostridium perfringens septicemia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. | we describe a fatal case of a 74-year old man with acute myeloid leukemia complicated by massive intravascular hemolysis due to clostridium perfringens sepsis. | 2004 | 15370265 |
| research on bacteraemia in cultured rainbow trout. | | 2004 | 15372972 |
| glycopeptide derived from hen egg ovomucin has the ability to bind enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7. | ovomucin glycopeptide (ogp) was prepared by size exclusion chromatography after pronase digestion of hen egg ovomucin, and the binding of ogp to foodborne pathogens (bacillus cereus,clostridium perfringens, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium, and staphylococcus aureus) was investigaed. binding assays with biotinylated bacteria as probes in microtiter plates showed that ogp bound to only e. coli o157:h7 among these foodborne pathogens. ... | 2004 | 15373418 |
| fulminant and fatal gas gangrene of the stomach in a healthy live liver donor. | a 57-year-old male with a history of hypercholesterolemia and anxiety but otherwise in good health volunteered to donate the right lobe of his liver to his brother. the operation was performed uneventfully, without transfusion. postoperatively he did well, until he developed tachycardia, profound hypotension, and coffee ground emesis on postoperative day 3. despite resuscitative measures, he arrested and expired. autopsy demonstrated gas gangrene of the stomach as the underlying cause of the hem ... | 2004 | 15376309 |
| photochemical treatment of platelet concentrates with amotosalen and long-wavelength ultraviolet light inactivates a broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria. | bacterial contamination of platelet (plt) concentrates can result in transfusion-transmitted sepsis. a photochemical treatment (pct) process with amotosalen hcl and long-wavelength ultraviolet light (uva), which cross-links nucleic acids, was developed to inactivate bacteria and other pathogens in plt concentrates. | 2004 | 15383024 |
| cdea of clostridium difficile, a new multidrug efflux transporter of the mate family. | the cdea gene, cloned from clostridium difficile clinical strain 714 under the control of its natural promoter made escherichia coli and clostridium perfringens resistant to ethidium bromide and acriflavin but had no effect on the susceptibility of the hosts to the following antibiotics: norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, tetracyclin, and chloramphenicol. however, it was responsible for fluoroquinolone resistance in e. coli when it was cloned under the control of the plac prom ... | 2004 | 15383161 |
| the effect of container-biofilm on the microbiological quality of water used from plastic household containers. | studies in southern africa have shown that even when microbiologically safe water is supplied to developing communities at communal standpipes, contamination by high numbers of pathogenic microorganisms may occur during the processes of fetching water from the supply source and storage during use at home, rendering such waters unsafe for human consumption. this study investigated the occurrence of biofilm in pvc storage containers as one possible reason for this deterioration, using heterotrophi ... | 2003 | 15384720 |
| the anomalous heat inactivation of clostridium perfringens lecithinase. | | 1950 | 15401214 |
| [appearance of coccoid elements from a strain of clostridium perfringens contaminated by bacteriophage]. | | 1950 | 15425916 |
| [post abortum septicemia due to bacillus perfringens; cure by exchange transfusion and peritoneal dialysis]. | | 1950 | 15430062 |
| glucose metabolism of clostridium perfringens: existence of metallo-aldolase. | | 1950 | 15436409 |
| [role of a depot substance on clostridium perfringens antitoxin production in the condition of total body irradiation]. | | 1961 | 15445321 |
| effect of spices and organic acids on the growth of clostridium perfringens during cooling of cooked ground beef. | this study evaluated the effect of organic acids and spices, alone or combined, on clostridium perfringens growth in cooked ground beef during alternative cooling procedures. ground beef was inoculated with a three-strain cocktail of c. perfringens (atcc 10388, nctc 8238, and nctc 8239) at 2 log spores per g and prepared following an industrial recipe (10% water, 1.5% sodium chloride, and 0.5% sodium triphosphate [wt/wt]). treatments consisted of the base meat plus combinations of commercial sol ... | 2004 | 15453573 |
| the pathology of peracute experimental clostridium perfringens type d enterotoxemia in sheep. | the pathological findings in sheep with peracute experimental clostridium perfringens type d enterotoxemia are described. of 16 animals inoculated intraduodenally with a whole culture of this microorganism and a starch solution in the abomasum, 12 developed clinical signs including increased respiratory efforts, recumbency, paddling, bleating, convulsions, blindness, and opisthotonus. diarrhea was not observed in any of the animals. the time lapse between the beginning of intraduodenal infusion ... | 2004 | 15460322 |
| foodborne disease outbreaks in australia, 1995 to 2000. | health agencies are increasingly conducting systematic reviews of foodborne disease outbreak investigations to develop strategies to prevent future outbreaks. we surveyed state and territory health departments to summarise the epidemiology of foodborne disease outbreaks in australia from 1995 to 2000. from 1995 through 2000, 293 outbreaks were identified, with 214 being of foodborne origin. one hundred and seventy-four (81%) had a known aetiology, and accounted for 80 per cent (6,472/8,124) of i ... | 2004 | 15460958 |
| identification of the antibacterial component of an ethanolic extract of the australian medicinal plant, eremophila duttonii. | activity-guided fractionation was used to determine the antibacterial component of an ethanolic extract of the leaves of an australian native medicinal plant, eremophila duttonii f. muell. (myoporaceae). the extract, previously shown to have activity against gram positive bacteria, was shown to have activity against additional gram positive bacteria, including clostridium perfringens, c. sporogenes and listeria monocytogenes. thin layer chromatography (tlc) was used to separate the extract into ... | 2004 | 15476308 |
| eradication of pathogenic bacteria and restoration of normal pouch flora: comparison of metronidazole and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of pouchitis. | pouchitis is the major long-term complication after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. metronidazole and ciprofloxacin are commonly used for treatment; however, nothing is known about the effects on the pouch flora during and after pouchitis episodes. this study was designed to evaluate the effect of both antibiotics on eradication of pathogens and the restoration of normal pouch flora. | 2004 | 15486751 |
| genotyping of clostridium perfringens toxins using multiple oligonucleotide microarray hybridization. | a microarray-based method for characterization of six clostridium perfringens toxin genes: ia (iota toxin), cpa (alpha toxin), cpe (enterotoxin e), etxd (epsilon toxin), cpb1 (beta toxin 1),and cpb2 (beta toxin 2) was developed and evaluated using 17 c. perfringens isolates. three individual oligonucleotide probes (oligoprobes), complementary to the unique sequences of each toxin gene, were designed and immobilized on a surface of aldehyde-coated glass slides. multiplex pcr was used to simultane ... | 2004 | 15488374 |
| waterfowl and the bacteriological quality of amenity ponds. | this study investigated the impact of waterfowl on the bacteriological quality of village ponds in east yorkshire, north-east england. water and sediment samples were collected from ponds with and without resident ducks and geese; faecal indicator and potentially pathogenic bacteria were assayed by membrane filtration and by selective enrichment. escherichia coli, faecal streptococci and, to a degree, clostridium perfringens were more abundant in ponds with waterfowl; salmonella was isolated in ... | 2004 | 15497814 |
| food safety: emerging trends in foodborne illness surveillance and prevention. | between 250 and 350 million americans are estimated to suffer acute gastroenteritis annually, with 25% to 30% thought to be caused by foodborne illnesses. most vulnerable to foodborne diseases are elderly people, pregnant women, immune-compromised people, and children. while bacterial causes such as salmonella are widely recognized and monitored as foodborne infections, other important bacterial causes such as clostridium perfringens , bacillus cereus , and staphylococcus aureus are less well kn ... | 2004 | 15499359 |
| crystallization and atomic resolution x-ray diffraction of the catalytic domain of the large sialidase, nani, from clostridium perfringens. | sialidases catalyse the removal of terminal sialic acids from a range of glycoproteins, glycolipids and oligosaccharides. they have been found in bacteria, viruses and parasites, where they play important roles in pathogenesis and/or microbial nutrition, and in mammalian cells, where they modulate cell-surface glycosylation associated with a range of cellular activities. clostridium perfringens, a causative agent of gas gangrene and peritonitis in humans, possesses three sialidases: nanh, nani a ... | 2004 | 15502328 |
| ozfoodnet: enhancing foodborne disease surveillance across australia: quarterly report, 1 july to 30 september 2003. | | 2003 | 15508505 |
| structural analysis of human specific cytolysin intermedilysin aiming application to cancer immunotherapy. | intermedilysin (ily) is a human specific cytolysin secreted by streptococcus intermedius. in the present study, we performed molecular modeling of ily and cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) (pneumolysin, ply; listeriolysin o, llo; streptolysin o, slo; alveolysin, alv; suilysin, sly; pyolysin, plo) to compare the membrane binding domains including the undecapeptide (11mer) region which is thought to be necessary for the cytolytic activity of cdcs. | 2004 | 15515430 |
| clostridial infection in a liver transplant recipient. | clostridium perfringens infection in a liver transplant recipient is a rare complication. we report a case of a liver allograft gas gangrene. the case illustrates the fulminant and rapidly devastating course of this complication. | 2004 | 15516251 |
| the enteric toxins of clostridium perfringens. | the gram-positive pathogen clostridium perfringens is a major cause of human and veterinary enteric disease largely because this bacterium can produce several toxins when present inside the gastrointestinal tract. the enteric toxins of c. perfringens share two common features: (1) they are all single polypeptides of modest (approximately 25-35 kda) size, although lacking in sequence homology, and (2) they generally act by forming pores or channels in plasma membranes of host cells. these enteric ... | 2004 | 15517462 |
| use of a clostridium perfringens vector to express high levels of siv p27 protein for the development of an oral siv vaccine. | clostridium perfringens is a normal bacterial flora of the small and large intestines of humans and other animals. the current study investigates the potential use of a noncytotoxic c. perfringens as an oral vaccine vehicle for expression and intestinal delivery of a large amount of siv antigens. here we report the construction of a recombinant c. perfringens vaccine vector expressing high levels of siv p27 during sporulation. following oral administration of this recombinant c. perfringens vacc ... | 2004 | 15518803 |
| multipathogen oligonucleotide microarray for environmental and biodefense applications. | food-borne pathogens are a major health problem. the large and diverse number of microbial pathogens and their virulence factors has fueled interest in technologies capable of detecting multiple pathogens and multiple virulence factors simultaneously. some of these pathogens and their toxins have potential use as bioweapons. dna microarray technology allows the simultaneous analysis of thousands of sequences of dna in a relatively short time, making it appropriate for biodefense and for public h ... | 2004 | 15522583 |
| behavior of clostridium perfringens at low temperatures. | refrigerated storage is an important step in the preparation of foods and inadequate storage is one of the main causes of food poisoning outbreaks of clostridium perfringens. therefore, growth and germination characteristics of c. perfringens in a temperature range of 3-42 degrees c were determined in fluid thioglycollate broth (ftg) and dutch pea soup. to study the effect of adaptation, cells were either inoculated from a 37 degrees c pre-culture or from a temperature-adapted pre-culture. membr ... | 2004 | 15527920 |
| high mortality in egg layers as a result of necrotic enteritis. | a new facility was designed to hold 1.8 million birds in 10 houses; chickens were placed in five of the houses, and the remaining five houses were under construction when this outbreak occurred. an increase in mortality was reported in five houses; however, mortality in house 7 was quite high. well-fleshed birds were suddenly found dead without a significant drop in egg production. the middle and distal intestines were distended with gas, congested, thin walled, atonic, and bluish or pale in col ... | 2004 | 15529994 |
| pcr identification of the plasmid-borne enterotoxin gene (cpe) in clostridium perfringens strains isolated from food poisoning outbreaks. | it is generally accepted that clostridium perfringens strains associated with food poisoning carry their enterotoxin gene, cpe, on the chromosome, while c. perfringens strains isolated from non-food-borne diseases, such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea and sporadic diarrhea, carry cpe on the plasmid. however, we recently encountered a food poisoning outbreak caused by c. perfringens bearing a plasmid cpe. we therefore investigated a total of 31 clinical and non-clinical c. perfringens strains t ... | 2004 | 15532984 |
| identification of the structural and functional domains of the large serine recombinase tnpx from clostridium perfringens. | members of the large serine resolvase family of site-specific recombinases are responsible for the movement of several mobile genetic elements; however, little is known regarding the structure or function of these proteins. tnpx is a serine recombinase that is responsible for the movement of the chloramphenicol resistance elements of the tn4451/3 family. we have shown that tnpx binds differentially to its transposon and target sites, suggesting that resolvase-like excision and insertion were two ... | 2005 | 15542858 |
| growth of enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus in povi masima, a traditional pacific island food. | to obtain preliminary data on the microbiology and hurdles to pathogen growth in the traditional pacific island food, povi masima, which is essentially beef brisket cured in brine. | 2004 | 15546409 |
| fine mapping of the n-terminal cytotoxicity region of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin by site-directed mutagenesis. | clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) has a unique mechanism of action that results in the formation of large, sodium dodecyl sulfate-resistant complexes involving tight junction proteins; those complexes then induce plasma membrane permeability alterations in host intestinal epithelial cells, leading to cell death and epithelial desquamation. previous deletion and point mutational studies mapped cpe receptor binding activity to the toxin's extreme c terminus. those earlier analyses also det ... | 2004 | 15557612 |
| inactivation of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in red cell concentrates using inactine pen110 chemistry. | the risk of transfusion-transmitted bacterial infections as a result of the presence of bacteria in blood is one of the major concerns in transfusion medicine. the purpose of this study was to investigate whether bacteria inoculated into red blood cell concentrates can be inactivated by the inactine pen110 pathogen-reduction process. four bacterial species were chosen for the study: anaerobic gram-positive clostridium perfringens and propionibacterium acnes, known to be transfusion-transmitted; ... | 2004 | 15569065 |
| effects of a tropical cyclone on the drinking-water quality of a remote pacific island. | the effect of a cyclone (ami, january 2003) on drinking-water quality on the island of vanua levu, fiji was investigated. following the cyclone nearly three-quarters of the samples analysed did not conform to world health organisation (who) guideline values for safe drinking-water in terms of chlorine residual, total and faecal coliforms, and turbidity. turbidity and total coliform levels significantly increased (up 56 and 62 per cent, respectively) from pre-cyclone levels, which was likely due ... | 2004 | 15569381 |
| fulminant sepsis after invasive prenatal diagnosis. | sepsis is extremely rare after invasive prenatal diagnosis. | 2004 | 15572484 |
| occurrence of microbial indicators and clostridium perfringens in wastewater, water column samples, sediments, drinking water, and weddell seal feces collected at mcmurdo station, antarctica. | mcmurdo station, antarctica, has discharged untreated sewage into mcmurdo sound for decades. previous studies delineated the impacted area, which included the drinking water intake, by using total coliform and clostridium perfringens concentrations. the estimation of risk to humans in contact with the impacted and potable waters may be greater than presumed, as these microbial indicators may not be the most appropriate for this environment. to address these concerns, concentrations of these and ... | 2004 | 15574926 |
| bacteria and bacterial toxins as therapeutic agents for solid tumors. | patients with advanced solid tumors frequently relapse and succumb to their metastatic disease after developing resistance to conventional treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. in these patients, novel strategies of targeting widespread tumors are urgently needed. the increasing knowledge of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms has led to the identification of numerous molecules that are overexpressed in various tumors and accumulate at the cell surface. the use of geneti ... | 2004 | 15578923 |
| a painful shoulder. | | 2004 | 15580716 |
| corn hybrid affects in vitro and in vivo measures of nutrient digestibility in dogs. | corn is a commonly used ingredient in dry pet foods because there is a stable supply and it is a relatively inexpensive source of nutrients. corn hybrids are available that are higher in cp and amylose and lower in phytate concentration than conventional hybrids. approximately 500 mg of high-protein (hp), high-protein, low-phytate (hplp), and high-amylose (ha) corn were compared with conventional (conv) corn and amylomaize starch (am) in triplicate and exposed to pepsin/hydrochloric acid and pan ... | 2005 | 15583056 |
| a retrospective study of mortality in pennsylvania captive white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus): 20000--2003. | the postmortem records of 160 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) submitted for necropsy examination from 59 separate pennsylvania captive deer farms over a 3.5-year period were reviewed to determine the primary cause of death of each animal. the most common causes of death were bronchopneumonia (39 cases), enterocolitis (30 cases), malnutrition (13 cases), and trauma (11 cases). other causes of mortality included severe gastrointestinal parasitism (6 cases), cellulitis with septicemia (5 ... | 2004 | 15586566 |
| a novel strategy for the enhancement of drug absorption using a claudin modulator. | claudin, a tight junction integral membrane protein and a family of proteins, forms the actual sealing element of the tight junction. there are more than 20 members of the claudin family with different tissue-specific expression and barrier functions. thus, a family of claudin may be a target for modifying the absorption of drugs. here, we examined whether modulation of claudin could be used to enhance drug absorption. in the current studies, we used a c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfring ... | 2004 | 15602007 |
| significance of beta 2-toxigenic clostridium perfringens infections in animals and their predisposing factors--a review. | the novel beta 2-toxin of clostridium perfringens has recently been described as the cause of enteric diseases in animals. the biological activity of beta 2-toxin is similar to that of the beta1-toxin with a possibly weaker cytotoxic activity. however, the production of beta 2-toxin in vitro is not seen in all beta 2-toxin-gene (cpb2)-positive c. perfringens strains, and to deduce a clinical importance solely from the detection of cpb2 is difficult. detection of cpb2-positive c. perfringens from ... | 2004 | 15606864 |
| evaluation of immunosuppressants and dietary mechanisms in an experimental disease model for necrotic enteritis. | clostridium perfringens (cp) is the etiologic agent of necrotic enteritis (ne). clinical signs of this disease include depression, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and severe necrosis of the intestinal tract. understanding the disease progression of ne has been difficult due to its complexity and the involvement of multiple factors (dietary components, immunosuppression, and mechanical irritation of the gut) that appear to contribute to this syndrome. in the present investigation, day-of-hatch broi ... | 2004 | 15615005 |
| the importance of calcium influx, calpain and calmodulin for the activation of caco-2 cell death pathways by clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | caco-2 cells exhibit apoptosis when treated with low doses of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe), but develop oncosis when treated with high cpe doses. this study reports that the presence of extracellular ca(2+) in treatment buffers is important for normal activation of both those cell death pathways in cpe-treated caco-2 cells. normal development of cpe-induced cell death pathway effects, such as morphologic damage, dna fragmentation, caspase activation, mitochondrial membrane depolariz ... | 2005 | 15617529 |
| atypical cpb2 genes, encoding beta2-toxin in clostridium perfringens isolates of nonporcine origin. | beta2-toxin, encoded by cpb2, is implicated in the pathogenesis of clostridium perfringens enteritis. however, cpb2 genes from nonporcine c. perfringens isolates were not always expressed, at least in vitro. nucleotide sequencing identified atypical cpb2 genes with 70.2 to 70.7% dna identity to previously identified (consensus) cpb2. atypical beta2-toxin displayed 62.3% identity and 80.4% similarity to consensus beta2-toxin. no porcine type c isolates (n = 16) and only 3.3% of porcine type a iso ... | 2005 | 15618211 |
| a clostridial endo-beta-galactosidase that cleaves both blood group a and b glycotopes: the first member of a new glycoside hydrolase family, gh98. | we have isolated an endo-beta-galactosidase designated e-abase from clostridium perfringens atcc 10543 capable of liberating both the a trisaccharide (a-tri; galnacalpha1-->3(fucalpha1-->2)gal) and b trisaccharide (b-tri; galalpha1-->3(fucalpha1-->2)gal) from glycoconjugates containing blood group a and b glycotopes, respectively. we have subsequently cloned the gene (eabc) that encodes e-abase from this organism. this gene was found to be identical to the cpe0329 gene of c. perfringens strain 1 ... | 2004 | 15618227 |
| identification and characterization of a cell-wall anchored dnase gene in clostridium perfringens. | completion of the whole genome sequence of clostridium perfringens strain 13 revealed the presence of an extracellular nuclease gene, cada. transcriptional analysis showed that the cada gene is negatively regulated by the two-component virr/virs system and its secondary regulator vr-rna. the cada protein possesses an n-terminal signal sequence and a gram-positive cell wall anchoring motif consisting of a sorting signal (lpxtg motif), a hydrophobic domain, and positively charged residues at the e ... | 2005 | 15621449 |
| clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin: characterization and mode of action. | clostridium perfringens type a strains that produce alpha-toxin cause gas gangrene, which is a life-threatening infection with fever, pain, edema, myonecrosis and gas production. intramuscular injection of the toxin or bacillus subtilis carrying the alpha-toxin gene causes myonecrosis and produces histopathological features of the disease. immunization of mice with alpha-toxin or fragments of the toxin prevents gas gangrene caused by c. perfringens. the toxin possesses phospholipase c (plc), sph ... | 2004 | 15632295 |
| application of molecular genetic methods in diagnostics and epidemiology of food-borne bacterial pathogens. | salmonella enterica, campylobacter and yersinia species, shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), listeria monocytogenes and clostridium perfringens are the bacterial pathogens constituting the greatest burden of food-borne disease in finland. several molecular genetic methods have been applied to diagnose, discriminate and survey these bacteria. pcr, pcr-rflp and pfge are the most widely and successfully used. however, these methods are unable to replace conventional and internationally s ... | 2004 | 15638843 |
| discrimination efficacy of fecal pollution detection in different aquatic habitats of a high-altitude tropical country, using presumptive coliforms, escherichia coli, and clostridium perfringens spores. | the performance of rapid and practicable techniques that presumptively identify total coliforms (tc), fecal coliforms (fc), escherichia coli, and clostridium perfringens spores (cp) by testing them on a pollution gradient in differing aquatic habitats in a high-altitude tropical country was evaluated during a 12-month period. site selection was based on high and low anthropogenic influence criteria of paired sites including six spring, six stream, and four lakeshore sites spread over central and ... | 2005 | 15640171 |
| an outbreak of necrotic enteritis in the ostrich farm in korea. | an acute disease with high mortality occurred in the ostrich farm and characterized by depression, severe diarrhea and sternal recumbency. four dead ostriches of the farm were submitted to the national veterinary research & quarantine service, and diagnosed as necrotic enteritis. in the gross and histopathological examination, extensive diffuse fibrinonecrotic enteritis was found in the small intestine, especially jejunum. clostridium perfringens was isolated from a pure culture from the duodenu ... | 2004 | 15644620 |
| transfusion medicine illustrated. massive hemolysis secondary to alpha-toxin release. | | 2005 | 15660817 |
| the impact of intestinal microflora on serum bilirubin levels. | intestinal microflora plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neonatal jaundice by inhibiting enterosystemic circulation of bilirubin. the present study aimed to investigate the influence of intestinal microflora on serum bilirubin levels in hyperbilirubinemic gunn rats. | 2005 | 15664250 |
| age-associated changes in glycosylation of cd43 and cd45 on mouse cd4 t cells. | we have recently shown that treatment of t cells from aged mice with an endopeptidase specific for o-linked glycoproteins can restore synapse formation and early activation markers to cd4 cells from aged mice. new data show that the sialidase from clostridium perfringens, but not from vibrio cholerae, can increase activation of cd4 cells from both old and young mice as measured by calcium signals, expression of cd25 and cd69, and secretion of il-2. lectin binding assays showed alterations with a ... | 2005 | 15668924 |
| quorum sensing in clostridium difficile: analysis of a luxs-type signalling system. | the increasing incidence of clostridium difficile-associated disease, and the problems associated with its control, highlight the need for additional countermeasures. the attenuation of virulence through the blockade of bacterial cell-to-cell communication (quorum sensing) is one potential therapeutic target. preliminary studies have shown that c. difficile produces at least one potential signalling molecule. through the molecule's ability to induce bioluminescence in a vibrio harveyi luxs repor ... | 2005 | 15673504 |
| prevalence and characteristics of bacteria and host factors in an outbreak situation of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. | antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (aad) represents a clinical entity leading to prolonged hospital stays and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and results in additional costs. the aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of different bacteria in stools of patients with aad. the reliability of diagnostic procedures under routine conditions was evaluated. host factors were also analysed. from june 2002 to april 2003 89 cases of diarrhoea were reported at a hospi ... | 2005 | 15673508 |
| clinical features of clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea due to binary toxin (actin-specific adp-ribosyltransferase)-producing strains. | toxins a and b are known to be the primary virulence factors of clostridium difficile. other potential virulence factors have been identified such as binary toxin (actin-specific adp-ribosyltransferase toxin, or cdt). a retrospective case-control study was performed in order to identify clinical features and risk factors of c. difficile-associated diarrhoea due to binary toxin-producing strains. each case (a patient with diarrhoea due to binary toxin-producing strain) was compared with two contr ... | 2005 | 15673514 |
| alterations in dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv in resistant mutants of clostridium perfringens found after in vitro treatment with fluoroquinolones. | to compare mutations in the dna gyrase (gyra and gyrb) and topoisomerase iv (parc and pare) genes of clostridium perfringens, which are associated with in vitro exposure to fluoroquinolones, resistant mutants were selected from eight strains by serial passage in the presence of increasing concentrations of norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, or trovafloxacin. the nucleotide sequences of the entire gyra, gyrb, parc, and pare genes of 42 mutants were determined. dna gyrase was the primary ta ... | 2005 | 15673722 |
| strains and toxins of clostridium. | | 2005 | 15684103 |
| devastating presentations of regional enteritis (crohn's disease): two reports of survival following severe multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. | regional enteritis may present in the setting of a variety of clinical symptoms. these symptoms range from mild to severe. | 2004 | 15684801 |
| transcription activation of a uv-inducible clostridium perfringens bacteriocin gene by a novel sigma factor. | expression of the plasmid-encoded clostridium perfringens gene for bacteriocin bcn5 was shown to depend in vivo and in vitro on the activity of uvia protein. uvia, also plasmid-encoded, proved to be an rna polymerase sigma factor and was also partly autoregulatory. the uvia gene has two promoters; one provided a uvia-independent, basal level of gene expression while the stronger, uvia-dependent promoter was only utilized after the cell experienced dna damage. as a result, bcn5 synthesis is induc ... | 2005 | 15686564 |
| structural analysis of the laetiporus sulphureus hemolytic pore-forming lectin in complex with sugars. | lsl is a lectin produced by the parasitic mushroom laetiporus sulphureus, which exhibits hemolytic and hemagglutinating activities. here, we report the crystal structure of lsl refined to 2.6-a resolution determined by the single isomorphous replacement method with the anomalous scatter (siras) signal of a platinum derivative. the structure reveals that lsl is hexameric, which was also shown by analytical ultracentrifugation. the monomeric protein (35 kda) consists of two distinct modules: an n- ... | 2005 | 15687495 |
| three-dimensional structure of glcnacalpha1-4gal releasing endo-beta-galactosidase from clostridium perfringens. | | 2005 | 15688452 |
| [clostridium infections in leukemias and malignant neoplasms]. | this review describes the subject of clostridial complications in leukemia and malignant neoplasms. these complications include bacteremia and spontaneous nontraumatic gas gangrene of the muscles. the mechanism of anaerobic microenvironment formation, which is necessary for infection development in neoplastic tumors, is also demonstrated. the role of risk factors contributing to the occurrence of clostridial infections is discussed. further, the etiology of infections, related mostly to the acti ... | 2004 | 15690715 |
| myositis, lameness, and recumbency after use of water-in-oil adjuvanted vaccines in near-term beef cattle. | a producer administered 2 us department of agriculture-licensed adjuvanted veterinary vaccines (inactivated bovine rotavirus-coronavirus vaccine; clostridium perfringens type c-escherichia coli bacterin-toxoid) into muscles of the left and right hips of 469 pregnant beef cows. within 24 hours, 5 cattle were recumbent, and another 2 had non-weight bearing pelvic limb lameness (1.5% affected; 7/469). during the next 10 days, 50% of the herd developed firm swellings up to 24 cm in vaccination sites ... | 2005 | 15690947 |
| pollution status of swimming pools in south-south zone of south-eastern nigeria using microbiological and physicochemical indices. | microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of swimming pools in south eastern states of nigeria (akwa ibom and cross river) were investigated. the bacterial isolates included enterococcus faecalis, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus and escherichia coli. others were pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, proteus vulgaris and staphylococcus epidermidis, while fungal isolates were penicillium sp, rhizopus sp, aspergillus versicolor fusarium sp, trichophyton mentagrophytes, m ... | 2004 | 15691161 |
| screening for bacillus isolates in the broiler gastrointestinal tract. | spores from a number of different bacillus species are currently being used as human and animal probiotics, although their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. here we describe the isolation of 237 presumptive gut-associated bacillus spp. isolates that were obtained by heat and ethanol treatment of fecal material from organically reared broilers followed by aerobic plating. thirty-one representative isolates were characterized according to their morphological, physiological, and bioche ... | 2005 | 15691955 |
| recovery of anaerobic bacteria from wounds after lawn-mower injuries. | accidental injury while using lawn mowers can cause serious infectious complications in the injured extremity. anaerobic bacteria were rarely recovered from this infection. two children who sustained injury in their foot by a lawn mower developed severe wound infection. culture of the wound from 1 patient had heavy growth of clostridium bifermentans and peptostreptococcus magnus, and the culture from the other child grew clostridium perfringens. antimicrobial therapy directed at the pathogens an ... | 2005 | 15699821 |
| selective growth-inhibiting effects of compounds identified in tabebuia impetiginosa inner bark on human intestinal bacteria. | the growth-inhibiting activity of anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid and lapachol identified in the inner bark of taheebo, tabebuia impetiginosa, toward 10 human intestinal bacteria was evaluated by using a paper disk diffusion bioassay and compared to those of seven lapachol congeners (1,4-naphthoquinone, naphthazarin, menadione, lawsone, plumbagin, juglone, and dichlone) as well as two commercially available antibiotics, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid exhibited ... | 2005 | 15713033 |
| production and evaluation of a monoclonal antibody to clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) against c. perfringens type d epsilon toxin was produced in hybridoma tissue culture supernatant and in balb/c mice ascitic fluid. the mab reacted with single band of the purified epsilon toxin and efficiently neutralized the lethal effect of epsilon toxin in mice. a competitive elisa (c-elisa) was developed using this mab and used to evaluate c. perfringens type d vaccines. individual serum samples from vaccinated rabbits were tested using c-elisa and mouse neutraliz ... | 2003 | 15719625 |
| levels and enterotoxigenicity of clostridium perfringens in pozole, tamales, and birria. | a quantitative survey of clostridium perfringens in typical foods served at local restaurants was conducted for 18 months in guadalajara, mexico. a total of 151 samples, including goat's birria (50), pozole (50), and beef tamales (51), were collected from small restaurants in guadalajara. samples were tested for c. perfringens by the most probable number (mpn) method and for mesophilic aerobic plate counts (mapcs) and coliform, yeast, and mold counts by plate count methods. isolates confirmed as ... | 2005 | 15726977 |
| development of a model to predict growth of clostridium perfringens in cooked beef during cooling. | the objective of this work was to develop a new model to predict the growth of clostridium perfringens in cooked meat during cooling. all data were collected under changing temperature conditions. individual growth curves were fit using dmfit. germination outgrowth and lag (gol) time was modeled versus temperature at the end of gol using conservative assumptions. each growth curve was used to estimate a series of exponential growth rates at a series of temperatures. the squareroot model was used ... | 2005 | 15726978 |
| variation in the strength of selected codon usage bias among bacteria. | among bacteria, many species have synonymous codon usage patterns that have been influenced by natural selection for those codons that are translated more accurately and/or efficiently. however, in other species selection appears to have been ineffective. here, we introduce a population genetics-based model for quantifying the extent to which selection has been effective. the approach is applied to 80 phylogenetically diverse bacterial species for which whole genome sequences are available. the ... | 2005 | 15728743 |
| clostridium bacteraemia characterised by 16s ribosomal rna gene sequencing. | owing to problems in accurate species identification of the diverse genus clostridium, the epidemiology and pathogenicity of many species are not fully understood. moreover, previous studies on clostridium bacteraemia have been limited and relied only on phenotypic species identification. | 2005 | 15735165 |
| ligand binding properties of bacterial hemoglobins and flavohemoglobins. | bacterial hemoglobins and flavohemoglobins share a common globin fold but differ otherwise in structural and functional aspects. the bases of these differences were investigated through kinetic studies on oxygen, carbon monoxide, and nitric oxide binding. the novel bacterial hemoglobins from clostridium perfringens and campylobacter jejuni and the flavohemoglobins from bacillus subtilis and salmonella enterica serovar typhi have been analyzed. examination of the biochemical and ligand binding pr ... | 2005 | 15751990 |
| antibacterial properties of essential oils from thai medicinal plants. | by using disc diffusion assay, the antimicrobial activity of 32 essential oil samples extracted from local plants or plants cultivated in thailand was evaluated against zoonotic enteropathogens including salmonella spp., escherichai coli o157, campylobacter jejunii and clostridium perferingens which are important for broiler export. out of the essential oil tested, only the essential oil of zingiber cassumuna, cinnamomum bejolghota, mentha arvensis var. piperacens, cymbopogon citratus and ocimum ... | 2005 | 15752638 |
| effect of fermented soy milk on the intestinal bacterial ecosystem. | to investigate the effect of fermented soy milk on human ecosystem in the intestinal tract by way of examining the population of different microorganisms isolated from fecal samples. | 2005 | 15754410 |
| [some epidemiologic characteristics of foodborne intoxications in croatia during the 1992-2001 period]. | epidemiologic characteristics of foodborne intoxications registered in croatia during the 1992-2001 period are described. salmonellosis, as well as staphylococcal food intoxication, foodborne botulism, clostridium perfringens food intoxication, histamine poisoning and food intoxication caused by other pathogens, especially conditionally pathogenic bacteria, were analyzed. during the study period, 87,782 cases were reported, 45,721 (52.1%) of them related to salmonellosis and the rest of 42,061 ( ... | 2004 | 15756811 |
| morphologic and physiologic changes induced by clostridium perfringens type a alpha toxin in the intestine of sheep. | to evaluate the morphologic and physiologic changes induced by clostridium perfringens type a (alpha toxin in the ileum and colon of sheep. | 2005 | 15757123 |
| liver metastasis presenting as pneumoperitoneum. | a 63-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sudden-onset abdominal pain. chest radiography demonstrated pneumoperitoneum. at surgery, the source was found to be a ruptured hepatic abscess. cultures grew clostridium perfringens, and biopsies confirmed metastasis of a previously resected pancreatic cancer. we document this rare cause of pneumoperitoneum and briefly review the literature on liver abscess as it relates to metastatic cancer. | 2005 | 15759962 |
| clostridium perfringens in poultry: an emerging threat for animal and public health. | the incidence of clostridium perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis in poultry has increased in countries that stopped using antibiotic growth promoters. necrotic enteritis and the subclinical form of c. perfringens infection in poultry are caused by c. perfringens type a, producing the alpha toxin, and to a lesser extent type c, producing both alpha toxin and beta toxin. some strains of c. perfringens type a produce an enterotoxin at the moment of sporulation and are responsible for foodborn ... | 2004 | 15763720 |
| one-year (2003) nationwide pork carcass microbiological baseline data survey in taiwan. | from january through december 2003, swab samples from 1,650 pork carcasses were collected from 39 slaughter plants in taiwan. these samples were analyzed for the prevalence of indicator microorganisms and specific pathogens. viable aerobic bacteria, total coliforms, and escherichia coli were recovered from 100, 95.3, and 87.5% of these carcasses, respectively. of those carcasses that harbored bacteria, the mean aerobic plate, total coliform, and escherichia coli counts were 4.0, 0.6, and 0.1 log ... | 2005 | 15771166 |
| sandwich elisa detection of clostridium perfringens cells and alpha-toxin from field cases of necrotic enteritis of poultry. | sandwich elisas (selisas) for the detection of clostridium perfringens cells and alpha-toxin were developed and used to screen intestinal samples from normal broiler chickens and from clinical cases of necrotic enteritis. the assays clearly distinguished between the two sets of samples. the selisa absorbance values from samples obtained from the majority of healthy birds were low and those from the majority of necrotic enteritis cases were high. together, the assays provide a suitable test for t ... | 2005 | 15778032 |
| changes in ganglioside content affect the binding of clostridium perfringens epsilon-toxin to detergent-resistant membranes of madin-darby canine kidney cells. | epsilon-toxin (et) of clostridium perfringens, which causes fatal enterotoxemia in ungulates, was previously shown to bind to and form a heptameric pore within the detergent-resistant membranes (drms) of mdck cells. depletion of cholesterol has also been shown to decrease the cytotoxicity of et and its heptamerization. in this study, we investigated the effects of changes in sphingolipids, other drm components of mdck cells, on the cells' susceptibility to et. treatment with fumonisin b1 and pdm ... | 2005 | 15781998 |
| gene expression fingerprint of uterine serous papillary carcinoma: identification of novel molecular markers for uterine serous cancer diagnosis and therapy. | uterine serous papillary cancer (uspc) represents a rare but highly aggressive variant of endometrial cancer, the most common gynecologic tumour in women. we used oligonucleotide microarrays that interrogate the expression of some 10 000 known genes to profile 10 highly purified primary uspc cultures and five normal endometrial cells (nec). we report that unsupervised analysis of mrna fingerprints readily distinguished uspc from normal endometrial epithelial cells and identified 139 and 390 gene ... | 2005 | 15785748 |
| modeling growth of clostridium perfringens in pea soup during cooling. | clostridium perfringens is a pathogen that mainly causes food poisoning outbreaks when large quantities of food are prepared. therefore, a model was developed to predict the effect of different cooling procedures on the growth of this pathogen during cooling of food: dutch pea soup. first, a growth rate model based on interpretable parameters was used to predict growth during linear cooling of pea soup. second, a temperature model for cooling pea soup was constructed by fitting the model to expe ... | 2005 | 15787757 |
| prepore to pore transition of a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin visualized by electron microscopy. | perfringolysin o (pfo), a soluble toxin secreted by the pathogenic clostridium perfringens, forms large homo-oligomeric pore complexes comprising up to 50 pfo molecules in cholesterol-containing membranes. in this study, electron microscopy (em) and single-particle image analysis were used to reconstruct two-dimensional (2d) projection maps from images of oligomeric pfo prepore and pore complexes formed on cholesterol-rich lipid layers. the projection maps are characterized by an outer and an in ... | 2005 | 15797734 |
| bacteria as potential tools in bioterrorism, with an emphasis on bacterial toxins. | the threat of bioterrorism remains a reality worldwide and, although of low probability, an attack would be a high-consequence event. microbes are available to individuals with appropriate contacts and even many low-grade bacterial pathogens can severely affect health. toxins provide bacteria with a system of defence that is often detrimental to humans and their versatility makes them potential tools of bioterrorism. it should be remembered that the aim of terrorism is not always to kill but rat ... | 2005 | 15816214 |
| identification of the gene encoding a 38-kilodalton immunogenic and protective antigen of streptococcus suis. | in our continued effort to search for a streptococcus suis protein(s) that can serve as a vaccine candidate or a diagnostic reagent, we constructed and screened a gene library with a polyclonal antibody raised against the whole-cell protein of s. suis type 2. a clone that reacted with the antibody was identified and characterized. analysis revealed that the gene encoding the protein is localized within a 2.0-kbp ecori dna fragment. the nucleotide sequence contained an open reading frame that enc ... | 2005 | 15817754 |
| association of beta2 toxin production with clostridium perfringens type a human gastrointestinal disease isolates carrying a plasmid enterotoxin gene. | clostridium perfringens type a isolates carrying an enterotoxin (cpe) gene are an important cause of human gastrointestinal diseases, including food poisoning, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (aad) and sporadic diarrhoea (sd). using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), the current study determined that the cpb2 gene encoding the recently discovered beta2 toxin is present in <15% of food poisoning isolates, which typically carry a chromosomal cpe gene. however, >75% of aad/sd isolates, which usually ... | 2005 | 15819629 |
| tylosin-responsive chronic diarrhea in dogs. | fourteen dogs had shown chronic or intermittent diarrhea for more than 1 year. diarrhea had been successfully treated with tylosin for at least 6 months but recurred when treatment was withdrawn on at least 2 occasions. tylosin-responsive diarrhea (trd) affects typically middle-aged, large-breed dogs and clinical signs indicate that trd affects both the small and large intestine. treatment with tylosin eliminated diarrhea in all dogs within 3 days and in most dogs within 24 hours. tylosin admini ... | 2005 | 15822561 |
| quantitative profiling of the detergent-resistant membrane proteome of iota-b toxin induced vero cells. | enzyme-mediated 18o/16o differential labeling of proteome samples often suffers from incomplete exchange of the carboxy-terminus oxygen atoms, resulting in ambiguity in the measurable abundance differences. in this study, an 18o/16o labeling strategy was optimized for and applied to the solution-based comparative analysis of the detergent-resistant membrane proteome (drmp) of untreated and iota-b (ib)-induced vero cells. solubilization and tryptic digestion of the drmp was conducted in a buffer ... | 2005 | 15822930 |
| conjugated bile acid hydrolase is a tetrameric n-terminal thiol hydrolase with specific recognition of its cholyl but not of its tauryl product. | bacterial bile salt hydrolases catalyze the degradation of conjugated bile acids in the mammalian gut. the crystal structures of conjugated bile acid hydrolase (cbah) from clostridium perfringens as apoenzyme and in complex with taurodeoxycholate that was hydrolyzed to the reaction products taurine and deoxycholate are described here at 2.1 and 1.7 a resolution, respectively. the crystal structures reveal close relationship between cbah and penicillin v acylase from bacillus sphaericus. this sim ... | 2005 | 15823032 |
| rapid protocol for electroporation of clostridium perfringens. | a rapid and simple method has been developed for the electroporation of clostridium perfringens with plasmid dna. the new improvements, harvesting cells early in the logarithmic stage of growth, keeping the cells at room temperature and the absence of post-shock incubation on ice increased transformation efficiency by one order of magnitude. | 2005 | 15823401 |
| enterotoxemia associated with beta2 toxin-producing clostridium perfringens type a in two asiatic black bears (selenarctos thibetanus). | beta2 (beta2) toxin-producing clostridium perfringens type a strains were found to be associated with necrotic and hemorrhagic intestinal lesions in 2 asiatic black bears (selenarctos thibetanus) that died suddenly. ten isolates were obtained from the liver, lungs, heart, and small and large intestine of the animals and were examined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the genes encoding the 4 lethal toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota) for classification into toxin types as well as fo ... | 2005 | 15825503 |