| evaluation of four bed bug traps for surveillance of the brown dog tick (acari: ixodidae). | the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latrielle), can be a serious residential pest due to its unique ability, among ticks, to complete its lifecycle indoors. a single engorged and fertilized female tick can oviposit around 4,000 eggs, allowing indoor establishment to be rapid and easy to miss in early-stage infestations. acaricide treatment is currently the primary method of control, but can be costly and can lead to the development of acaricide resistance in tick populations. traps of ... | 2015 | 26336310 |
| status of urban bed bug infestations in southern china: an analysis of pest control service records in shenzhen in 2012 and dongguan in 2013. | the recent resurgence of bed bugs (cimex spp.) in many developed countries has drawn increasing attention worldwide. the status of urban bed bug infestations were investigated in shenzhen and dongguan, two major cities in southern guangdong province of southern china, based on pest control service records from two different companies (one during 2012 and another during 2013). the results showed that shenzhen and dongguan have a severe problem with bed bug infestations: the control of bed bugs is ... | 2015 | 26336282 |
| a high-performance vacuum cleaner for bed bug sampling: a useful tool for medical entomology. | arthropods can be captured by two modes: a passive mode using traps or an active mode mainly based on the use of mouth or powered aspirators. these apparatuses are useful tools for collecting large numbers of crawling, flying, resting, or jumping arthropod specimens, particularly small specimens, such as mosquitoes or sandflies, for laboratory experiments or breeding. different aspirator models are used to collect various arthropod specimens. however, to our knowledge, no specific system is curr ... | 2015 | 26334829 |
| a 29-year-old man with nonproductive cough, exertional dyspnea, and chest discomfort. | a 29-year-old man presented with a 5-month history of worsening dry cough, exertional dyspnea, chest tightness, and palpitations. he had been treated by his primary care physician with trials of guaifenesin/codeine, azithromycin, albuterol, and omeprazole without improvement. he denied wheezing, fever, sweats, anorexia, joint pain, swelling, or rash. he had no past medical history. he denied a history of tobacco smoking or iv drug use. he kept no pets, worked as a manager in an office environmen ... | 2015 | 26324141 |
| the mental health impact of bed bug infestations: a scoping review. | we conducted a scoping review to identify and summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the mental health effects associated with bed bugs. | 2015 | 26298442 |
| introducing law students to public health law through a bed bug scenario. | as the scientific evidence emerges, individuals and institutions faced with bed bug infestations find themselves without the legal protections that are available against legally recognized nuisances and threats to the public's health, such as rats or mosquitos. as a result, they are a good example of how individuals, institutions and municipalities struggle to use the patchwork of public and private legal remedies that are often inadequate to face an emerging threat. this unit is designed to hel ... | 2015 | 26243066 |
| a review of data on laboratory colonies of bed bugs (cimicidae), an insect of emerging medical relevance. | cimicidae are hematophagous heteroptera, feeding on human blood, that have been the subject of significant medical investigation. in particular, they have been colonized under laboratory conditions to study their medical relevance. laboratory colonization of these bugs is a multifactorial phenomenon. our goal was to conduct a comparative literature review to classify the published data, demonstrating preferred bed bug colony conditions. we show that physical factors including temperature, relati ... | 2015 | 26091944 |
| [what's new in pediatric dermatology]. | progress in paediatric dermatology is achieved in both research and therapeutic fields. in infectiology, scabies and bed bugs are a scourge for dermatologists, with an important recent outbreak. this article describes the fundamental clinical signs to look for, when suspecting such diagnosis. hair dermatoscopy seems to be also very precious as a new tool for the diagnosis of ringworm. regarding eczemas, atopic dermatitis is supported by s. aureus's skin colonization, the target of eradication of ... | 2015 | 26021137 |
| mortality, temporary sterilization, and maternal effects of sublethal heat in bed bugs. | adult bed bugs were exposed to the sublethal temperatures 34.0°c, 35.5°c, 37.0°c, 38.5°c, or 40.0°c for 3, 6, or 9 days. the two uppermost temperatures induced 100% mortality within 9 and 2 days, respectively, whereas 34.0°c had no observable effect. the intermediate temperatures interacted with time to induce a limited level of mortality but had distinct effects on fecundity, reflected by decreases in the number of eggs produced and hatching success. adult fecundity remained low for up to 40 da ... | 2015 | 25996999 |
| evaluating the inverse reasoning account of object discovery. | people routinely make inferences about unobserved objects. a hotel guest with welts on his arms, for example, will often worry about bed bugs. the discovery of unobserved objects almost always involves a backward inference from some observed effects (e.g., welts) to unobserved causes (e.g., bed bugs). the inverse reasoning account, which is typically formalized as bayesian inference, posits that the strength of a backward inference is closely connected to the strength of the corresponding forwar ... | 2015 | 25824861 |
| reduction of female copulatory damage by resilin represents evidence for tolerance in sexual conflict. | intergenomic evolutionary conflicts increase biological diversity. in sexual conflict, female defence against males is generally assumed to be resistance, which, however, often leads to trait exaggeration but not diversification. here, we address whether tolerance, a female defence mechanism known from interspecific conflicts, exists in sexual conflict. we examined the traumatic insemination of female bed bugs via cuticle penetration by males, a textbook example of sexual conflict. confocal lase ... | 2015 | 25673297 |
| ectoparasites of medical and veterinary importance: drug resistance and the need for alternative control methods. | despite multiple attempts at eradication, many ectoparasites of humans and domestic livestock remain a persistent problem in the modern world. for many years, a range of pesticide drugs including organophosphates, organochlorides and synthetic pyrethroids provided effective control of these parasites; but intensive use of these drugs has led to the evolution of resistance in many target species. this paper aims to review the effectiveness of current control methods and discuss potential alternat ... | 2015 | 25644683 |
| [bed bug alarm in berlin. "the ignorance of people contributes to the spread"]. | | 2014 | 25608392 |
| bed bug aggregation pheromone finally identified. | bed bugs have become a global epidemic and current detection tools are poorly suited for routine surveillance. despite intense research on bed bug aggregation behavior and the aggregation pheromone, which could be used as a chemical lure, the complete composition of this pheromone has thus far proven elusive. here, we report that the bed bug aggregation pheromone comprises five volatile components (dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, (e)-2-hexenal, (e)-2-octenal, 2-hexanone), which attract ... | 2015 | 25529634 |
| [bed bugs bites]. | | 2015 | 25261919 |
| cutaneous reactions to bed bug bites. | | 2014 | 25134309 |
| effect of feeding status on mortality response of adult bed bugs (hemiptera: cimicidae) to some insecticide products. | fresh and aged residual deposits of several insecticide products were tested against bed bug adults to determine if a recent bloodmeal affected their mortality response to the residues. the bed bugs with a recent bloodmeal survived significantly longer compared with the unfed ones on their exposure to fresh or aged residual deposits of chlorfenapyr and aged residual deposits of deltamethrin on a wooden substrate. even though the survival time of fed bed bugs was significantly longer than that of ... | 2014 | 25026684 |
| an outbreak of bed bug infestation in an office building. | since 2000, resurgence in bed bugs has occurred in the u.s. reports of infestations of homes, hospitals, hotels, and offices have been described. on september 1, 2011, complaints of itching and bites among workers in an office were reported to the tennessee department of health. a retrospective cohort study and environmental assessments were performed in response to the complaints. canines certified to detect live bed bugs were used to inspect the office and arthropod samples were collected. of ... | 2014 | 24749221 |
| good night, sleep tight, don't let the bed bugs bite. | | 2014 | 24749219 |
| lifting the sheets. preventing and managing health care bed bug problems. | | 2014 | 24665557 |
| the eyelid sign: a clue to bed bug bites. | in pediatric patients, determining the culprit insect in arthropod assaults can be challenging. the patient's history may be vague, the causative insect may not be readily associated with the bites, and the clinical appearance of bites can be variable. six pediatric patients from the penn state milton s. hershey medical center dermatology offices with bed bug bites were identified. all had bites involving the face, trunk, and extremities. five patients demonstrated papules on one upper eyelid as ... | 2014 | 24649832 |
| cold tolerance of bed bugs and practical recommendations for control. | bed bugs were exposed to freezing temperatures for various exposure times to determine cold tolerance and mortality estimates for multiple life stages. the mean supercooling point for all bed bug life stages ranged from -21.3 degrees c to -30.3 degrees c, with the egg stage reporting the lowest value. a probit analysis provided a lower lethal temperature (llt99) of -31.2 degrees c when estimates from all life stages were combined, demonstrating that all stages of bed bugs are not capable of surv ... | 2013 | 24498745 |
| long-term efficacy of various natural or "green" insecticides against bed bugs: a double-blind study. | bed bugs are resurging throughout the world, and, thus, effective pest control strategies are constantly needed. a few studies have evaluated 25(b) and other natural, or so-called "green" products, as well as over-the-counter insecticides for bed bugs, but additional studies are needed to determine efficacy of bed bug control products. this double-blinded research project was initiated to examine long-term effectiveness of six commercially available natural or "green" insecticides against bed bu ... | 2014 | 26462950 |
| identification and management of bed bug infestations in austere environments. | military forces have missions that send them all over the globe. with the reemergence of bed bugs worldwide, the possibility of servicemembers encountering them has increased. special operations forces are often sent to locations that may not have integrated pest management support. knowing how to identify and manage a bed bug infestation, with and without proper equipment and supplies, may become necessary in the very near future. it is also important that servicemembers are aware of how bed bu ... | 2013 | 24227555 |
| out for blood: growing numbers of bed bugs, mosquitoes, and ticks are spreading misery and frustrating lawmakers. | | 2013 | 24199291 |
| self-reported bed bug infestation among new york city residents: prevalence and risk factors. | bed bug infestations have risen precipitously in urban areas. little is known about risk factors for infestations or health outcomes resulting from these infestations. in the 2009 community health survey, which is a representative population-based survey, 9,934 noninstitutionalized adults in new york city reported on bed bug infestations requiring an exterminator in the past year. the authors estimated infestation prevalence and explored predictors of infestation and associations between infesta ... | 2013 | 23947287 |
| suicide following an infestation of bed bugs. | male, 62. | 2013 | 23826461 |
| bed bugs in hospitals: more than just a nuisance. | | 2013 | 23775615 |
| entrapment of bed bugs by leaf trichomes inspires microfabrication of biomimetic surfaces. | resurgence in bed bug infestations and widespread pesticide resistance have greatly renewed interest in the development of more sustainable, environmentally friendly methods to manage bed bugs. historically, in eastern europe, bed bugs were entrapped by leaves from bean plants, which were then destroyed; this purely physical entrapment was related to microscopic hooked hairs (trichomes) on the leaf surfaces. using scanning electron microscopy and videography, we documented the capture mechanism: ... | 2013 | 23576783 |
| bed bug detection: current technologies and future directions. | technologies to detect bed bugs have not kept pace with their global resurgence. early detection is critical to prevent infestations from spreading. detection based exclusively on bites is inadequate, because reactions to insect bites are non-specific and often misdiagnosed. visual inspections are commonly used and depend on identifying live bugs, exuviae, or fecal droplets. visual inspections are inexpensive, but they are time-consuming and unreliable when only a few bugs are present. use of a ... | 2013 | 23553226 |
| effects of bed bug saliva on human skin. | | 2013 | 23552994 |
| photoacoustically-guided photothermal killing of mosquitoes targeted by nanoparticles. | in biomedical applications, nanoparticles have demonstrated the potential to eradicate abnormal cells in small localized pathological zones associated with cancer or infections. here, we introduce a method for nanotechnology-based photothermal (pt) killing of whole organisms considered harmful to humans or the environment. we demonstrate that laser-induced thermal, and accompanying nano- and microbubble phenomena, can injure or kill c. elegans and mosquitoes fed carbon nanotubes, gold nanosphere ... | 2014 | 23450780 |
| bed bug saliva causes release of monocytic inflammatory mediators: plausible cause of cutaneous bite reactions. | bed bugs may cause mild to severe cutaneous reactions. we studied the ability of bed bug salivary extract (sge) to induce inflammatory reactions responsible for cutaneous manifestations and found that sge stimulated the production of several potent chemokines and cytokines from macrophages. chemokines induced by sge included those known to recruit eosinophils (eotaxin), attract neutrophils [interleukin (il)-8] or induce their survival and proliferation (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor). cy ... | 2013 | 23343710 |
| bed bug infestation. | | 2013 | 23341545 |
| threat and efficacy uncertainty in news coverage about bed bugs as unique predictors of information seeking and avoidance: an extension of the eppm. | an experiment was conducted from the perspective of the extended parallel process model (eppm) investigating readers' responses to print news stories about the issue of bed bugs. stories containing reference to (a) the threat of bed bugs and (b) efficacy of the solution were manipulated to vary the level of certainty with which the variables were discussed. results suggest that stories referencing uncertainty regarding presence of the bed-bug threat may be more likely to motivate intention to se ... | 2013 | 23330859 |
| bugging forecast: unknown, disliked, occasionally intimate. bed bugs in germany meet unprepared people. | bed bugs appear to be feared more than vector insects and other household pests. the reasons for this exaggerated fear are not fully understood. one hypothesis is that the folk knowledge on recognising and controlling bed bugs decreased as bed bugs became rarer in the 1960s and led to irrational perceptions. here, we examine people's ability to recognise a bed bug and their response what to do in case of an infestation. we found that 13% of a sample of 391 people in four large german cities reco ... | 2013 | 23300947 |
| real-time measurement of volatile chemicals released by bed bugs during mating activities. | in recent years, bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae) problems have increased dramatically in many parts of the world, leading to a renewed interest in their chemical ecology. most studies of bed bug semiochemicals have been based on the collection of volatiles over a period of time followed by chemical analysis. here we present for the first time, a combination of proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry and video analysis for real-time measurement of semiochemicals emitted by isolated groups of be ... | 2012 | 23227225 |
| [unclear pruritic and urticarial skin inflammation. bed bug attack]. | a 27-year-old woman presented with severe pruritus for a few weeks and diffuse urticarial erythema with pinhead-sized papules over the entire body. the skin lesions occurred directly after a stay in her secondary residence in london. the medical history, clinical picture and histological feature of an arthropod reaction in the skin biopsy, coupled with patient offering a bed bug specimen as evidence, secured the diagnosis of a cimicosis. | 2013 | 23223900 |
| bed bug basics. | | 2012 | 23072210 |
| bed bugs in healthcare settings. | infestations caused by bed bugs have resurfaced during the past decade across all continents. even though bed bugs primarily cause skin manifestations in humans, a major stigma is placed upon people or institutions found to carry them. it is important for healthcare facilities to be prepared for this pest by implementing policies, carefully selecting materials used for hospital furniture, and educating providers on early identification and control. | 2012 | 23041813 |
| bed bugs: they are back! the role of the school nurse in bed bug management. | recently there has been a resurgence of bed bugs in all facets of our society. bed bugs have even been found in schools, causing unnecessary exclusion of students and unfounded hysteria. school nurses are again called upon to be front-line sources of information to quell the hysteria and confusion related to this unsavory condition. by arming themselves with the best evidence regarding proper identification of bed bugs and their bites and information about integrated prevention measures to contr ... | 2012 | 23008871 |
| can travellers avoid bed bug bites? | | 2012 | 22926286 |
| when bed bugs bite. | treating bed bug bites is straightforward; helping patients control and even prevent future infestations is another matter. here's how you can help. | 2012 | 22754888 |
| bed bugs. | | 2013 | 21830689 |
| bed bugs, public health, and social justice. | | 2011 | 21667722 |
| [renaissance of bed bugs]. | | 2011 | 21644374 |
| bed bugs revisited. | | 2011 | 21409956 |
| analysis of 44 cases before the landlord and tenant board involving bed bug infestations in ontario, canada: focus on adjudicator decisions based on entomological/pest management evidence and accountability under the residential tenancy act and other applicable legislation. | the resurgence of bed bugs in major urban centres in north america has resulted in conflict between landlords and tenants. this is commonly focused on attribution of blame for source of infestation, on responsibility, on costs for preparation, treatment and losses, and for compensation as rent abatement and/or alternative temporary housing. in ontario, canada, these issues are often decided by adjudicators at the landlord and tenant board hearing claims, counter-claims and defense by legal repre ... | 2011 | 26467732 |
| they only come out at night: bed bugs and their alarming resurgence. | | 2011 | 21157285 |
| eds trying not to let the bed bugs bite. | as bed bugs have emerged as a growing problem for eds, managers have developed strategies for prevention and decontamination. here are some of the approaches they have shared with ed management: educate your staff on what they should look for on patients and in rooms that would indicate the presence of bed bugs. be proactive. have an exterminator examine your ed on a regular basis. a decontamination room on the outside of the building will prevent the spread of these bugs in your ed. | 2010 | 20853579 |
| bed bugs: the pesticide dilemma. | | 2010 | 20556941 |
| survival rate of bat bugs (cimex pipistrelli, heteroptera) under different microclimatic conditions. | survival of facultative ectoparasites, e.g. bed bugs (cimex spp.), is more intensely affected by climatic factors, namely temperature, than that of permanent ectoparasites. the ontogenetic time of the bat bug (cimex pipistrelli) in bat roosts is limited by different survival rates under different temperatures in particular nymphal stages. this limitation could affect bug densities and cause asynchrony between the ectoparasite and bat reproductive cycle. therefore, bug survival under different te ... | 2010 | 20544221 |
| bed bugs: a public health problem in need of a collaborative solution. | | 2010 | 20420053 |
| . . . and bed bugs on the rise. | | 2009 | 19530264 |
| bed bugs, leeches and hookworm larvae in the skin. | bed bugs, leeches, and hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans are skin infestations that are usually considered of minor importance because they produce discomfort rather than cause or transmit disease. bed bugs have been increasing tremendously in high-income countries in recent years, causing distress to affected individuals and economic loss. infestation by land leeches causes mainly unpleasant skin reactions, whereas infestation by aquatic leeches may be more dangerous, leading to anemia a ... | 2009 | 19362691 |
| jama patient page. bed bugs. | | 2009 | 19336718 |
| bed bugs: a new morning for the nighttime pests. | | 2009 | 19231644 |
| ban bed bugs. how to prevent and identify infestations. | | 2008 | 18524361 |
| good night, sleep tight, don't let the bed bugs bite. | | 2005 | 16282016 |
| costly traumatic insemination and a female counter-adaptation in bed bugs. | male bed bugs pierce females through the body wall and inseminate directly into the body cavity. it has previously been shown that such traumatic insemination carries costs for females, and sexual conflict regarding the mode of insemination should thus propel male-female coevolution. since males accumulate sexually antagonistic adaptations, females should evolve counter-adaptations that efficiently abate the costs to females of sexual interactions. yet, unambiguous experimental evidence for fema ... | 2003 | 14667354 |
| [criteria for assessing the relative and specific activity of insecticides]. | relative activity of chemicals and their specific activity coefficients are suggested as the criteria for comparative assessment of insecticidal properties of substances. values of the afore-mentioned parameters of 34 chemicals compared to a standard are presented for 3 insect species: red cockroaches, house flies and bed-bugs. | 2009 | 2710041 |
| bed bugs, insects, and hepatitis b. | | 1979 | 42464 |
| on the bed bugs (hemiptera, cimicidae) in iraq. | | 1978 | 757131 |
| a comparative evaluation, fenitrothion, dursban and malathion for the control of bed bugs. | | 2013 | 56314 |
| notes on mycobacterium ulcerans. | a record is given of the events leading to the discovery, the cultivation, and the animal transmission of mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative organism of the "bairnsdale ulcer", together with a discussion on the possible animal hosts and vectors. it is suggested as a mailer of speculation that the insectivorous bats may be incriminated as the natural hosts, and that bed-bugs or related bugs, parasitic on bats, may be the vectors. | 1969 | 29319862 |
| toxicological and genetic studies on a strain of bed bugs resistant to organophosphorus insecticides. | | 1969 | 5821265 |
| [excretory system and excretion processes in the embryonic development of bed bugs (hemiptera, pentatomoidea)]. | | 2017 | 5876936 |
| are bed bugs vectors of filariasis? | | 1963 | 13938040 |
| loss of haemoglobin iron due to excessive biting by bed bugs. a possible aetiological factor in the iron deficiency anaemia of infants and children. | | 1962 | 13925320 |
| studies in the experimental transmission of mf. bancrofti and mf. malayi by bed-bugs: negative results. | | 1962 | 13913317 |
| further observations on the technique for quantitative estimation of susceptibility of bed-bugs to contact insecticides. | | 1962 | 13911373 |
| insecticide-resistance in bed-bugs and flies in zanzibar. | | 1961 | 13707974 |
| methods for measuring insecticide susceptibility levels in bed-bugs, cone-nosed bugs, fleas and lice. | a standard kit is prepared and distributed by who for testing insecticide resistance in adult mosquitos, and it would seem advantageous to be able to use the filter papers impregnated with ddt and dieldrin contained in this kit for testing resistance in other insects. experiments have been successfully conducted with a view to developing methods based on the use of these papers for testing susceptibility levels in bed-bugs, cone-nosed bugs, fleas and lice. the designs of the various test methods ... | 1961 | 13689412 |
| a note on resistance of bed bugs to ddt in bombay state. | | 1956 | 13366407 |
| [effect of superficial impregnation of ddt in control of bed bugs]. | | 1949 | 18117601 |
| eradication of bed-bugs, a stirlingshire experiment. | | 1949 | 18108543 |
| epidemic of bullous erythema on legs due to bed-bugs. | | 1948 | 18870107 |
| [not available]. | | 2008 | 18104260 |
| [not available]. | | 1946 | 21017458 |
| the residual toxicity of ddt to bed-bugs. | | 1945 | 21003325 |
| eradication of bed-bugs; a further note. | | 1945 | 21006730 |
| coal-tar naphtha for destruction of bed-bugs. | | 1938 | 20781189 |
| the effect of reduced pressure combined with increased temperature on the viability of bed bugs and of their eggs. | | 1937 | 29013396 |
| naphtha distillates for destruction of bed-bugs. | | 1937 | 20780510 |
| preliminary note on bed-bugs and leprosy. | | 1913 | 20766813 |
| bounding bed-bugs. | | 1913 | 29005916 |
| kerosene against bed bugs. | | 1911 | 29005697 |
| notes on the distribution of the two species of bed-bug. | | 1907 | 29004915 |
| an appeal for bed-bugs. | | 1906 | 29006091 |
| the bed-bug and the transmission of disease. | | 1906 | 29006090 |
| bed-bugs and leishman-donovan bodies. | | 1906 | 29006178 |