| kinetics of cytokine mrna production in the brains of mice with progressive toxoplasmic encephalitis. | c57bl/10 scsn (b10) mice infected orally with toxoplasma gondii were killed on days 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 post infection and their brains excised. these were either used to count total tissue cyst numbers or divided for rna purification and histopathological studies. the first signs of inflammation were on day 10 post infection, before the appearance of cysts in the brain, and correlating with the appearance of activated astrocytes. these mice had a mild meningitis with areas of encephalitis. sma ... | 1992 | 1516621 |
| iga antibody response during acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis. | toxoplasma gondii specific iga and igm antibodies were quantitated by an antibody capture agglutination assay in 260 patients with acquired toxoplasmosis and from 94 fetuses suspected of congenital toxoplasmosis and 30 infected children. in acquired toxoplasmosis, iga antibodies to t gondii were found in 95% of the cases. in congenital toxoplasmosis iga antibodies were more frequently detected (75%) in cord blood than igm antibodies (61%). they persisted after birth, in some cases for up to 24 m ... | 1992 | 1517461 |
| demonstration of antigenic similarities and variations in excretory/secretory antigens of toxoplasma gondii. | c57bl/6 mice were orally infected with different doses of cysts of me49 strain of toxoplasma gondii to produce groups of acutely and chronically infected mice. sera were obtained at different periods post-infection. sds-page was ran with excretory/secretory antigens of me49 and rh strains of t. gondii, followed by western blot analyses using the above sera and anti- iga, igm, igg as conjugates. the sds-page profiles of the two antigens were similar. however the antigenic bands showed variations ... | 1992 | 1520310 |
| toxoplasmic encephalitis in aids. | involvement of the central nervous system (cns) is common in patients with advanced disease due to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). symptoms range from lethargy and apathy to coma, incoordination and ataxia to hemiparesis, loss of memory to severe dementia, and focal to major motor seizures. involvement may be closely associated with hiv infection per se, as in the aids dementia complex, but is frequently caused by opportunistic pathogens such as toxoplasma gondii and cryptococcus neoformans ... | 1992 | 1520757 |
| toxoplasmosis in bone marrow-transplant recipients: report of seven cases and review. | we report seven cases of cerebral or disseminated toxoplasmosis that occurred following bone marrow transplantation (bmt) and review the other 24 cases described in the literature. for all the cases, toxoplasmosis occurred within 6 months of bmt, with the highest incidence in the second and third months. twenty-four of 26 recipients tested serologically before bmt were positive for toxoplasma gondii, a finding that supports the view that such cases result from reactivation of latent infection. a ... | 1992 | 1520761 |
| spinal cord toxoplasma lesion in aids: mr findings. | toxoplasma gondii is the cause of the most common opportunistic infection of the brain in aids but is extremely rare as the cause of a solitary lesion of the spinal cord. symptoms are weakness of the lower limbs followed closely by paralysis unless diagnosed and treated early. we present such a case in an intravenous drug abuser with aids and emphasize that mri is the diagnostic tool of choice and that the index of suspicion should be high in immunosuppressed patients. | 1992 | 1522278 |
| prevalence of infections affecting the child among pregnant women in yaounde, cameroon. | the prevalence of infections which have deleterious effects to either the mother or the fetus during pregnancy are unknown in cameroon. to formulate appropriate antenatal screening policies for the central mother and child clinic in yaounde, we tested random sera obtained from 1,014 stored samples previously obtained from pregnant women. one hundred and fifty sera were tested for the presence of the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), 544 for syphilis antibodies, 192 for antibodies to rubella a ... | 1992 | 1522822 |
| [the role of toxoplasma gondii in the etiology of chronic tonsillitis in children]. | toxoplasma gondii is known to have an affinity to lymphatic tissue. a series of 506 children with chronic tonsillitis were examined serologically for toxoplasmosis by means of cbr, iir and elisa. in 7.7% of the children examined low toxoplasma antibody titers were recorded. isolation experiments performed on tonsillar tissue of the children with the highest toxoplasma antibody titers were negative. direct microscopic evidence of tissue toxoplasma cysts failed to be established and the cytopathol ... | 1992 | 1525678 |
| cystatin-like cysteine proteinase inhibitors of parasitic protozoa. | a new method has been developed for detecting cystatins and other cysteine proteinase inhibitors. the method, which involves protein separation by sds-page followed by a cysteine proteinase overlay step, is more sensitive than previously reported techniques: as little as 1 ng of recombinant human cystatin c can be detected and cysteine proteinase inhibitors could also be detected in complex protein mixtures such as bovine foetal serum. the method has been used to show, for the first time, cystei ... | 1992 | 1526466 |
| [resistance of toxoplasma gondii to sodium chloride and condiments in pork sausage]. | the aim of this study was to determine the resistance of toxoplasma gondii cysts to salt (sodium chloride) and condiments (black pepper and garlic) in fresh sausages prepared with experimentally infected pork. the sausages were treated with 1.25, 2.00, and 2.50% salt with condiments added, and were refrigerated for 2, 24, and 48 hours, after which they were artificially digested. mice were then inoculated with the digested matter. after 42 days the surviving mice were sacrificed and their serum ... | 1992 | 1531110 |
| toxoplasmic encephalitis in the aids patient. | toxoplasmic encephalitis was observed early in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic and has now been recognized as the major cause of opportunistic infection of the central nervous system after human immunodeficiency virus infection. this complication of aids usually represents a reactivation of latent infection. at present, the definitive diagnosis can be made only by demonstrating the protozoan causal agent, toxoplasma gondii, in brain tissue. pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine a ... | 1992 | 1532008 |
| phenotypic profile and functional characteristics of human gamma and delta t cells during acute toxoplasmosis. | gamma and delta (gamma delta) t-cell receptor lymphocytes are increased during acute toxoplasmosis. these cells are bb3+ cd45ro+ cd8-. purified gamma delta t cells failed to proliferate in response to toxoplasma gondii antigen (stimulation index, 1.4 +/- 0.6) but were responsive to phytohemagglutinin stimulation (stimulation index, 20.8 +/- 1.9). natural-killer-like cytotoxicity was strongly acquired only after in vitro culture of purified gamma delta t cells with recombinant interleukin 2 (40% ... | 1992 | 1532399 |
| [seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in 346 hiv infected patients in the east of france. serological follow-up study in patients not infected with toxoplasma gondii]. | | 1992 | 1533032 |
| laminin enhances binding of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites to j774 murine macrophage cells. | we investigated the effects of the extracellular matrix proteins laminin and fibronectin on the attachment of tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii to the murine macrophage cell line j774. laminin but not fibronectin increased parasite attachment to j774 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. cyclic yigsr, a laminin-derived peptide which inhibits laminin binding to the 32/67-kda laminin-binding protein on host cells, blocked the laminin-mediated enhancement of parasite attachment. an antiserum to the 32/ ... | 1992 | 1534073 |
| a family of glycolipids from toxoplasma gondii. identification of candidate glycolipid precursor(s) for toxoplasma gondii glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchors. | four major glycolipids were extracted from toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites which were metabolically labeled with tritiated glucosamine, mannose, palmitic and myristic acid, ethanolamine, and inositol. judging from their sensitivity to a set of enzymatic and chemical tests, these glycolipids share the following properties with the glycolipid moiety of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor (gpi anchor) of the major surface protein, p30, of t. gondii: 1) a nonacetylated glucosamine-inositol phospha ... | 1992 | 1534801 |
| construction of a genomic dna library of the toxoplasma gondii zs2 strain, screening of specific clones, and dna diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. | we have constructed a genomic dna library of the toxoplasma gondii zs2 strain and isolated a specific cloned dna sequence from this organism. the restriction map of this cloned 1.1-kb dna fragment was analyzed. southern and dot-blot analyses showed that the 32p-labeled dna fragment hybridized to parasite dna, to dnas from peripheral blood leukocytes and the thymus of baby pigs that were artificially infected with t. gondii, and to dnas of t. gondii-positive anencephalic and hydrocephalic fetuses ... | 1992 | 1536384 |
| antigen-specific (p30) mouse cd8+ t cells are cytotoxic against toxoplasma gondii-infected peritoneal macrophages. | the importance of cd8+ t cells in immunity against toxoplasma gondii is now well recognized. the mechanism by which these cd8+ t cells are able to confer this immunity is not yet understood. to examine the ag specificity of this response, immune splenocytes from mice immunized with p30, a major surface parasite ag, were evaluated for their ability to lyse peritoneal macrophages infected with three different strains of t. gondii. macrophages infected with either the rh or p wild-type strain tachy ... | 1992 | 1538132 |
| l-arginine-dependent reactive nitrogen intermediates and the antimicrobial effect of activated human mononuclear phagocytes. | the l-arginine-dependent generation of reactive nitrogen intermediates (rni) has been identified as a key intracellular antimicrobial mechanism of activated mouse macrophages. to determine the role of this mechanism in the activity of human mononuclear phagocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages activated in vitro by interferon (ifn)-gamma and monocytes from patients receiving ifn-gamma as therapy were treated with ng-monomethyl-l-arginine (nma) or arginase. neither competitive inhibition of l-argi ... | 1992 | 1538156 |
| [congential toxoplasmosis and ocular involvement. a review with 6 case reports]. | a review is presented of the ocular affections in congenital toxoplasmosis. the epidemiological, pathogenetic and pathological conditions are reviewed together with the clinical manifestations and the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. on the basis of incidence investigations and knowledge from the literature, it must be assumed that approximately 190 infants with congenital toxoplasmosis are born annually in denmark. only approximately 15% of the infections will be symptom-producing and ... | 1992 | 1539365 |
| il-10 inhibits parasite killing and nitrogen oxide production by ifn-gamma-activated macrophages. | il-10, a cytokine produced by cd4+ t lymphocytes belonging to the th-2 subset, has previously been shown to inhibit the synthesis of ifn-gamma by both t cells and nk cells. we now demonstrate that il-10 can also down-regulate ifn-gamma-dependent immunity by blocking the ability of that lymphokine to activate macrophages. thus, il-10, in a dose-dependent manner, inhibits the microbicidal activity of ifn-gamma-treated inflammatory macrophages against intracellular toxoplasma gondii as well as the ... | 1992 | 1541819 |
| the timing of exposure of mononuclear phagocytes to recombinant interferon gamma and recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha alters interactions with nocardia asteroides. | nocardia asteroides modulates phagocyte function and grows within macrophages. because interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) have been shown to activate macrophages to kill a variety of microorganisms, the effects of ifn-gamma and tnf-alpha on the activation of murine macrophages and human monocytes to kill nocardiae were studied. it was found that macrophages or monocytes treated with either ifn-gamma, tnf-alpha, or lipopolysaccharide as a secondary signal did ... | 1992 | 1541909 |
| a toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein associated with host cell penetration has unusual charge asymmetry. | the monoclonal antibody tg49 both recognizes a toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein (rop1) and inhibits penetration enhancing factor. the latter is a proteinaceous factor found in toxoplasma lysates or conditioned media that increases the efficiency with which parasites invade host cells. tg49 was used to screen a lambda gt11 cdna library and the clone obtained was identified as the cognate gene for rop1 by several criteria: (1) recombinant protein reacted with the monoclonal; (2) antiserum against ... | 1992 | 1542304 |
| passive immunization protects guinea pigs from lethal toxoplasma infection. | the cellular and humoral interactions that contribute to protective immunity in toxoplasmosis were studied by adoptive transfer of selective cell populations or immune serum and its fractions into normal syngeneic strain 2 guinea pigs. the results of this study with the rh strain of toxoplasma gondii confirm and extend the findings of previous studies by showing that the passive transfer of parasite-sensitized t cells or of immune serum from previously infected donors protected recipient guinea ... | 1992 | 1547027 |
| longitudinal study of toxoplasma seroprevalence in south yorkshire. | serum samples collected from individuals of a wide range of ages in south yorkshire between 1969 and 1990 provided the basis for a longitudinal seroprevalence survey of toxoplasma gondii antibodies. sera numbering 3868 were screened for t. gondii specific antibodies using a commercial latex agglutination test. the resultant temporal series of serological profiles revealed a rise, with age, in seroprevalence, the rate of which showed a decrease through time. a plateau of around 40-50% prevalence ... | 1992 | 1547845 |
| contribution of a new pcr assay to the prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay has been developed for the detection of toxoplasma gondii. the target sequence (88 bp) is part of a rdna repetitive gene. a signal can be observed with only one parasite. it is directly and rapidly detected by electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. we report a prospective study of 80 documented cases of toxoplasmic seroconversions during pregnancy. the pcr assay of the amniotic fluids was compared with the current standard methods for diagnosis of ... | 1992 | 1553357 |
| generation of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii antigen associated with dense granules and the parasitophorous vacuole of the host cell. | | 1992 | 1557332 |
| induction of heat shock protein closely correlates with protection against toxoplasma gondii infection. | heat shock proteins (hsps) are evolutionarily highly conserved polypeptides that appear to be produced by many cells to preserve cellular functions under a variety of conditions of stress, including infections. we report that a 65-kda hsp is present in mouse peritoneal cells that have been infected with a low-virulence (beverley) strain of toxoplasma gondii, as determined by electroblot assay using a monoclonal antibody specific for microbial hsp65. this hsp is, however, not expressed when infec ... | 1992 | 1557424 |
| pyrimethamine concentrations in serum during treatment of acute murine experimental toxoplasmosis. | central nervous system toxoplasmosis is a major opportunistic infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the standard therapy for this infection is pyrimethamine (pyr) and sulfonamides. to assess in vivo if pyr alone could adequately treat toxoplasmosis, a murine model of acute toxoplasmosis was used. the cd1 strain of mice was infected intraperitoneally with 10(4) parasites of the rh strain of toxoplasma gondii. pyrimethamine was administered in mouse chow at concentrations ... | 1992 | 1558268 |
| cloning of repetitive dna sequences from toxoplasma gondii and their usefulness for parasite detection. | genomic dna of toxoplasma gondii was digested with the restriction endonuclease hpa ii and the resulting repetitive dna sequences were visualized after electrophoresis on agarose gels and staining with ethidium bromide. three repetitive dna sequences were isolated and cloned in the plasmid puc19. the recombinant plasmids (ptg8, ptg4 and ptg1) had inserts of 840, 440, and 180 basepairs, respectively. the estimated copy number of these cloned sequences in the t. gondii genome was approximately 800 ... | 1992 | 1558274 |
| [seroprevalence of human toxoplasmosis in ceuta]. | to study the association between religion and sex with seropositivity of toxoplasma gondii. | 1992 | 1558925 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in raccoons. | serum samples from 427 raccoons (93 from pennsylvania, 45 from new jersey, 72 from south carolina, 68 from virginia, 30 from iowa, and 119 from ohio) were evaluated for toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dilutions of 1:25, 1:50, and 1:500. the distribution of t gondii antibody titers was less than 1:25 for 212 raccoons (49.6%), 1:25 for 34 raccoons (7.9%), 1:50 for 117 raccoons (27.4%), and greater than or equal to 1:500 for 64 raccoons (14.9%). tissue cysts were seen in the liver, and tachyzoites ... | 1992 | 1559896 |
| pathology of the heart in aids. a study of 60 consecutive autopsies. | cardiac disease and cardiac death in aids patients is seldom reported. in recent years minor cardiac abnormalities have been demonstrated, especially by echocardiography. cardiac pathology in aids patients is here reported from 60 consecutive autopsies where the heart was investigated either using single samples of ventricular myocardium (the first 21 cases) or by an examination of the whole heart (the last 39 cases). myocarditis according to the dallas criteria was seen in 25 of 60 cases (42%), ... | 1992 | 1562320 |
| improved sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of toxoplasma gondii in biological and human clinical specimens. | the aim of the present study was to improve the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of toxoplasma gondii in biological and clinical specimens. using a pair of primers amplifying a 634 bp fragment of the b1 gene of this parasite, it was possible to detect ten parasites in 100 microliters of sample suspensions containing a high concentration of concomitant host cells. a comparison of different dna purification methods indicated that cell-rich clinical specimens intended for ... | 1992 | 1563381 |
| a protective role for endogenous tumor necrosis factor in toxoplasma gondii infection. | the involvement of tumor necrosis factor (tnf) in resistance to toxoplasma gondii infection was examined by means of experiments in which mice were treated with anti-tnf antibodies prior to infection with me49, a low-virulence toxoplasma strain. in (balb/cby x c57bl/6j)f1 (cb6f1) mice, which are highly resistant to intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection with t. gondii me49, 10(4) neutralizing units of anti-tnf caused a significant increase in trophozoite numbers in the peritoneal cavities of infected ... | 1992 | 1563790 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii dna by polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid from aids patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis. | | 1992 | 1569358 |
| [detection of toxoplasma gondii by "polymerase chain reaction" (pcr) technique in aids infected patients using the repetitive sequence tgr1e]. | a repetitive original dna sequence, tgr1e, was cloned and sequenced, then used to develop a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test for detecting toxoplasma gondii. preliminary studies were performed using purified t. gondii dna or a lysate of purified t. gondii cells [7], with or without a leukocyte lysate. a negative correlation was evidenced between sensitivity of the test and the amount of cellular debris contaminating the dna to be amplified. nevertheless, the method was tested on 100 clinical ... | 1992 | 1570184 |
| granulomatous villitis due to toxoplasma gondii. | | 1992 | 1570244 |
| antibody to toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women in medina munawarah. | | 1992 | 1573768 |
| construction of a molecular karyotype for toxoplasma gondii. | as an important step in developing genetic systems for the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii, we have constructed a molecular karyotype based on separation of chromosomes by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and assignment of linkage groups by hybridization. toxoplasma chromosomes were separated using transverse alternating field electrophoresis (tafe) gels into 9 distinct bands that defined a minimum of 10 physical linkage groups with apparent sizes that range from approximately 2 mb to more ... | 1992 | 1574087 |
| toxoplasmosis in pediatric recipients of heart transplants. | toxoplasma gondii has long been recognized as a potential cause of severe disease in the congenitally infected infant and the immunocompromised host. this report describes three children with toxoplasmosis after heart transplantation and reviews the cases of 18 adult recipients of cardiac transplants (reported in the english-language literature) who developed toxoplasmosis postoperatively. onset of disease was within the first 6 1/2 months following transplantation. severity ranged from asymptom ... | 1992 | 1576279 |
| pulmonary toxoplasmosis: a review. | toxoplasma pneumonia is being recognized with increased frequency, especially in patients with aids. we reviewed the english-, french-, and spanish-language literature from january 1966 through february 1991 to identify cases of postnatally acquired pneumonia associated with toxoplasma gondii. we identified two distinct clinical syndromes, one in immunocompetent patients and one in patients with defects in cell-mediated immunity. shortness of breath and cough were the most common symptoms and fe ... | 1992 | 1576281 |
| leukaemogenic effect of toxoplasmosis and irradiation on albino rats. | the leukaemogenic effect of irradiation associated with toxoplasmosis was studied. rats were infected with toxoplasma gondii rh strain 3 weeks prior to irradiation. the leukaemic effect of irradiation was aggravated by toxoplasmosis as leukaemia appeared in 10% of 300 cgy irradiated rats and in 30% of 500 cgy irradiated ones, six months after irradiation. | 1992 | 1578162 |
| is immuno-protection against toxoplasma strain specific? | two different strains of toxoplasma gondii were isolated from feline faecal deposits in two villages: rommana (northern sinai) and el-ekhewa (sharkyia governorate) as evidenced by their entirely different pathogenic effect and immune response in laboratory swiss webster mice. a man holding both villages as mutual residences, who was already proved to get acute toxoplasmosis twice made us avid to search for the presence of different strains in the two localities. the present study throws a sugges ... | 1992 | 1578182 |
| toxoplasma gondii: characterization of a mutant resistant to sulfonamides. | sulfadiazine was a potent inhibitor of the in vitro growth of toxoplasma gondii, although it had little effect during the first 24 hr of treatment. a mutant parasite (r-sulr-5) with a 300-fold increase in sulfadiazine resistance was selected by a combination of chemical mutagenesis and growth in gradually increased sulfadiazine concentrations. this mutant was completely cross-resistant to several other sulfonamides and to dapsone. the same concentration of p-aminobenzoic acid reversed the sulfad ... | 1992 | 1582478 |
| expression, characterization, and serologic reactivity of recombinant surface antigen p22 of toxoplasma gondii. | the utility of recombinant toxoplasma gondii surface antigen p22 for the detection of specific t. gondii antibodies in human sera was evaluated. polymerase chain reaction was used to produce a 438-bp fragment of the p22 gene; the fragment corresponded to the amino acids predicted to be in the processed, native antigen. the fragment was subcloned into pgex-2t and was expressed in escherichia coli as a glutathione-s-transferase (gst) fusion protein. the fusion protein was purified in a soluble for ... | 1992 | 1583109 |
| correlation between increased susceptibility to primary toxoplasma gondii infection and depressed production of gamma interferon in pregnant mice. | to explore a possible mechanism of pregnancy-associated suppression of t cell-mediated immunity to toxoplasma gondii, acquired resistance and gamma interferone (ifn-gamma) production in pregnant mice were compared with those in virgin mice after infection with the s-273 strain of this protozoan parasite. the 50% lethal dose of this strain was less than 200 tachyzoites for pregnant mice and 2,800 organisms for virgin controls. toxoplasma-induced production of both ifn-alpha and ifn-gamma in the b ... | 1992 | 1584075 |
| toxoplasma gondii: differentiation and death of bradyzoites. | the living parasites in toxoplasma cysts cannot be eradicated by current therapy and maintain latent infections for many years. relatively little is known about encysted toxoplasma. we therefore undertook studies using mice infected with the avirulent me 49 strain of toxoplasma. the bradyzoites in young (12- to 17-day-old) cysts contained the same organelles as did tachyzoites. the bradyzoites of older cysts (4 weeks postinoculation) had differentiated, losing certain organelles and acquiring ot ... | 1992 | 1584739 |
| an unidentified toxoplasma-like tissue cyst-forming coccidium in a cat (felis catus). | an unidentified coccidium was found in the brain and the heart of a 6-year-old female cat. tissue cysts measured 40-130 x 40-112 microns and contained hundreds of bradyzoites measuring 4.2-5.2 x 1.2-1.8 microns. the cyst wall was 0.26-0.53 microns thick. tissue cysts reacted positively with anti-toxoplasma gondii serum but not with anti-neospora caninum serum in an immunohistochemical test. ultrastructurally, the cyst was aseptate and contained banana-shaped bradyzoites. micronemes and rhoptries ... | 1992 | 1584745 |
| analysis by immunoblotting of toxoplasma gondii exo-antigens and comparison with somatic antigens. | two soluble toxoplasma gondii antigen preparations were compared using the immunoblotting technique. the first preparation, which is commonly employed in elisa tests, corresponds to a lytic extract of the parasite. the second known as exo-antigen, has yielded good results in cell immunity research and is obtained from toxoplasma gondii culture supernatants. in both preparations, components exhibiting same molecular weight of 57-52 (doublet), 43, 38, 35, 30 and 20 kda were revealed. in addition, ... | 1992 | 1589430 |
| brain-tissue cysts in rats infected with the rh strain of toxoplasma gondii. | virulent strains of the coccidian parasite toxoplasma gondii become attenuated so as to survive and complete their life cycle; however, it is not known whether the attenuation process is attributable to an innate cystogenic capacity of the parasite or to host-induced mechanisms. this report presents direct evidence of rh cystogenesis in non-immunised fischer rats and subsequent attenuation of rh pathogenicity in non-immunised mice following a single passage through rats. taken together, these pr ... | 1992 | 1589437 |
| an unusual ct presentation of congenital cerebral toxoplasmosis in an 8 month-old boy with aids. | we report on a 8-month-old boy with aids, born of an asymptomatic mother with positive htlv-iii serology. he was hospitalized in the intensive care unit because of anemia, fever and hepatosplenomegaly. chest x-ray showed pneumonia and subsequent blood cultures were positive for candida albicans. after 3 days of amphotericin b treatment, the patient was transferred to infectious disease department. after 30 days of hospitalization, the patient developed a rapid neurological impairment evolving in ... | 1992 | 1594315 |
| exposure to toxoplasma gondii and cat ownership in nova scotia. | in this survey, 998 children and adolescents between 7 months and 17 years of age who attended a hospital diagnostic center in the city of halifax, nova scotia, for routine evaluation were tested for toxoplasma gondii antibody. the 5.2% prevalence rate of antibody for children living in the outlying rural areas was significantly higher than the 1.1% rate among the urban children (p = .0006). seroprevalence increased with age for both rural and urban children. cat ownership was associated with an ... | 1992 | 1594371 |
| mitogen and antigen-specific induction of lymphoblast transformation in cats with subclinical toxoplasmosis. | lymphoblast transformation in whole blood was assessed by 3h-thymidine incorporation after stimulation by concanavalin a and toxoplasma gondii secretory and intracellular antigens in samples from cats with experimentally induced toxoplasmosis. toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin m, immunoglobulin g, and circulating antigens were also measured throughout the study period. lymphocytes from all cats were responsive to concanavalin a pre- and post-inoculation with t. gondii. suppression of mit ... | 1992 | 1595188 |
| fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis is not associated with ocular toxoplasmosis. | to analyze the association between fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis (fhi) and toxoplasmosis, we performed ocular examinations and used various specific laboratory tests to establish a role for toxoplasma gondii in the pathogenesis of fhi. results were compared with those for other types of uveitis and healthy controls. of the 88 patients with fhi, nine (10.2%) had toxoplasmosislike scars, but an association could not be proved by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test or enzyme-linked i ... | 1992 | 1596229 |
| evaluation of five commercial assays for screening antenatal sera for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. | to evaluate the suitability of five commercial assays (toxoreagent, da, captia toxo igg, toxenz-g, toxonostika-g) for screening large numbers of sera for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. | 1992 | 1597524 |
| physical and genetic mapping of cloned ribosomal dna from toxoplasma gondii: primary and secondary structure of the 5s gene. | the ribosomal dna (rdna encoding rrna) of the obligately intracellular protozoan parasite, toxoplasma gondii, was identified, cloned, physically mapped, its copy number determined, and the 5s gene sequenced. using total rna as a probe, a collection of recombinant lambda phages containing copies of rdna were isolated from a lambda 2001 tachyzoite genomic library. northern gel hybridization confirmed specific homology of the 7.5-kb rdna unit, subcloned into ptz18r, to t. gondii rrna. the mapped rd ... | 1992 | 1601300 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of the hydroxynaphthoquinone 566c80 against the cyst form of toxoplasma gondii. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of the hydroxynaphthoquinone 566c80 against the cyst form of toxoplasma gondii were evaluated. in vitro treatment (100 micrograms of 566c80 per ml for 3 days) of cysts isolated from brains of mice infected for 1, 2, 3, 4, or 9 months resulted in loss of viability of the cysts and did not reveal any influence of the duration of in vivo infection on sensitivity to the drug. in vivo experiments to determine the effect of prolonged treatment with 200 mg of 566c80 ... | 1992 | 1605598 |
| toxoplasma gondii stimulates the release of 13- and 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids by human platelets. | we have recently demonstrated a novel cytotoxic effect of human platelets against toxoplasma gondii and a role for thromboxane (tx) in this process (yong et al., 1991). we now report on the spectrum of lipid mediators released by human platelets after interaction with t. gondii. in addition to txb2, human platelets after incubation with t. gondii for 90 min released 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (12-hht), 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-hete), and an unidentified peak (uvmax 234 nm) as de ... | 1992 | 1606159 |
| sera of patients with high titers of immunoglobulin g against toxoplasma gondii induce secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha by human monocytes. | toxoplasma gondii alone does not induce tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) secretion by human monocytes and macrophages. nevertheless, sera from infected patients with high titers of specific immunoglobulin g antibodies against t. gondii induce tnf-alpha secretion, which is significantly higher than the corresponding induction by negative sera (p less than 0.05). after incubation with the positive serum, parasites also induce secretion of this cytokine, but tnf-alpha levels are lower (11.4 ... | 1992 | 1612737 |
| cytokine activation of human macrophages infected with hiv-1 to inhibit intracellular protozoa. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) from hiv-seronegative donors were infected in vitro with hiv-1. infection was monitored by cytopathology, supernatant p24 antigen, and by immunocytochemical staining. after 14 days in culture, approximately 70-90% of the cells became infected with hiv, as indicated by cell fusion and immunostaining for virus. at this time, recombinant huifn-gamma was added to the cultures, followed by infection 24 h later with the intracellular protozoan parasites toxop ... | 1992 | 1613664 |
| studies on a murine model of congenital toxoplasmosis: vertical disease transmission only occurs in balb/c mice infected for the first time during pregnancy. | the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis was determined by an elisa in the litters of balb/c mice which had been infected 8 weeks before mating, on day 12 of pregnancy, or on both these occasions. of those mice given the infection for the first time on day 12 of pregnancy, 5 out of 6 gave birth to infected litters with approximately 50% of the individuals in each litter being infected. balb/c mice which had been infected 8 weeks before mating did not give birth to infected litters, even if they ... | 1992 | 1614736 |
| a monoclonal-based igm capture elisa for detection of antibodies to 22 and 41 kda membrane antigens of toxoplasma gondii. | a murine monoclonal antibody which reacts to 22 and 41 kda toxoplasma gondii surface antigens was employed in an igm capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). a total of 125 patients' sera were tested in the monoclonal-based assay. when compared with a commercial elisa test (abbott toxo-m eia) which uses polyclonal anti-t. gondii antibodies, good correlation (pearsons coefficient r = 0.91) was observed. the specificity of the assay was studied by testing a panel of control sera obtained ... | 1992 | 1614737 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in goats in sri lanka. | | 1992 | 1616398 |
| cryptococcal infection in aids. | cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunist pathogen in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. cryptococcal meningitis (cm) 3rd after primary hiv neuropathy an toxoplasma gondii among infectious neurological diseases in aids patients. extrapulmonary infection due to c. neoformans has occurred in up to 13% of patients. 86% of the cryptococcus spp isolates in the us, canada, and japan are serotype a. thousands of infection due to var neoformans have been reported in aids patients ... | 1992 | 1616962 |
| scoliosis and hydrocephalus in an ovine fetus infected with toxoplasma gondii. | | 1992 | 1616997 |
| emergence of unusual opportunistic pathogens in aids: a review. | opportunistic infections are a major cause of morbidity and death among patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), particularly late in the disease, when immunosuppression is severe. some pathogens, such as pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii, are extremely common in this population and are readily recognized by clinicians caring for these patients. however, many other organisms occasionally cause conditions that clinically mimic the more commonly encountered pathogens ... | 1992 | 1617054 |
| epidemiologic studies on human and feline toxoplasmosis. | human serological profiles, and feline serological and fecal profiles were used to study the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in santa clara county, california. the prevalence of human toxoplasmosis was determined to be 42.9% in a test population of 147 women. the prevalence of feline toxoplasmosis was indicated to be 34.8% based on serological analysis of 158 felines. of 107 cats tested, 6.5% were shedding toxoplasma gondii - like oocysts in their feces. statistical analyses of questionnaire data ... | 1992 | 1619292 |
| [ocular infections in immunodepressed patients]. | two kinds of immunosuppression must be distinguished: malignant diseases on one hand, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome on the other hand. ocular infections can involve any part of the eye and they can lead to blindness. they usually attest of a systemic infection. their treatment consist of an induction course to provide complete healing of the lesions, immediately followed by a maintenance course to prevent relapses. retinitis are the most common posterior involvement, especially the reti ... | 1992 | 1621057 |
| the changing pattern of human immunodeficiency virus-associated cerebral toxoplasmosis: a study of 46 postmortem cases. | frequency, pathogenesis and morphological features of toxoplasmosis were assessed in a consecutive autopsy study. among 204 patients who died from aids in zurich during 1981-1990, 46 (23%) showed morphological evidence of cerebral toxoplasmosis. in 38 out of 46 cases (83%), toxoplasmosis was restricted to the central nervous system (cns) and, therefore, pathogenetically classified as reactivation of a latent infection. acute, systemic toxoplasmosis most frequently involved heart and lungs in add ... | 1992 | 1621505 |
| blindness associated with toxoplasmosis in canaries. | seven of 30 canaries in an aviary in new zealand developed ophthalmic problems. clinically, 5 birds had unilateral and 2 birds had bilateral lesions characterized by conjunctivitis, crusty exudates on eyelids, and collapse of the eyeball. microscopic lesions in 12 of 14 eyes examined included inflammation of the choroid and retina, with osseous replacement of the globe in some. numerous toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were seen in the detached retina and vitreous humor of acutely affected birds. t ... | 1992 | 1624357 |
| improved serological diagnosis of toxoplasma gondii infection by detection of immunoglobulin a (iga) and igm antibodies against p30 by using the immunoblot technique. | immunoglobulin m (igm) and iga antibodies against the major surface protein of toxoplasma gondii were determined in a total of 195 human sera and five human cerebrospinal fluids by using a p30 membrane extract and the immunoblot technique. by using two different t. gondii strains (rh and bk) simultaneously as antigens, we were able to demonstrate diagnostically important strain-specific human antibody responses in 4.5% of the samples tested. a comparison of the immunoblot technique with an igm i ... | 1992 | 1624560 |
| comparison of relative uses of commercial assays for toxoplasma gondii igm antibodies. | to compare the sensitivity and user friendliness of seven commercially available enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (elisa) kits for toxoplasma specific igm. | 1992 | 1624595 |
| [changes in blastogenic responses and antibody titers of mice infected with toxoplasma gondii]. | this study was performed to observe the cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in mice which were infected with beverley, fukaya and me49 strain of toxoplasma gondii, respectively. the blastogenic responses of splenocytes using [3h]-thymidine and serum antibody titers were measured weekly up to 10 weeks after infection. the blastogenic responses of splenocytes treated with concanavalin a and toxoplasma lysate were significantly declined in the 3 strain groups as compared with the non-infecte ... | 1992 | 1627500 |
| detection of antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid to toxoplasma gondii by indirect latex agglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | sensitivity of anti-toxoplasma antibody (igg) test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was evaluated in comparison with indirect latex agglutination (ila) using 2,016 paired human samples of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf). the samples were collected from neurologic patients in korea with mass lesions in central nervous system (cns) as revealed by imaging diagnosis (ct/mri). when the sera were screened for anti-toxoplasma antibody by ila, 76 cases(3.8%) were positive (1:32 or higher ... | 1992 | 1627507 |
| secretion of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibody in vitro by peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a new marker of acute toxoplasmosis. | antigen-specific antibody secretion in vitro by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) reflects an in vivo stimulation of the immune system by the antigen. primary infection of immunocompetent patients with t. gondii causes an acute infection followed by chronic toxoplasmosis. we examined in vitro anti-toxoplasma antibody production by pbmc during the acute and chronic phases of toxoplasmosis. pbmc from patients with acute or chronic toxoplasmosis and seronegative subjects were cultured for u ... | 1992 | 1628421 |
| serologic response of the opossum didelphis virginiana to a temperature-sensitive mutant (ts-4) of toxoplasma gondii. | a study was designed to measure the toxoplasma gondii-specific igm and igg antibody responses of opossums inoculated with tachyzoites of the temperature-sensitive mutant of t. gondii, ts-4, and to examine its persistence in the tissues. four young opossums seronegative for anti-toxoplasma gondii igm and igg antibodies immediately after capture and 4 wk later were injected subcutaneously with 1.8 x 10(6) ts-4 tachyzoites; a fifth opossum (also seronegative) received an injection of saline only. s ... | 1992 | 1635036 |
| molecular biology in diagnostic microbiology. pcr on mycobacterium leprae. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has already produced several hundreds of papers. alternative procedures for diagnostic purposes based on nucleic acid detection do exist but have until now found less application. problems with the pcr are discussed. it is proposed that the diagnostic microbiology laboratory has a section devoted to pcr for the diagnosis of diseases whose etiologic agent can "almost not" be cultured such as (for flanders) mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, toxoplasma ... | 1992 | 1636320 |
| movement disorders due to cerebral toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | hemichorea and parkinsonism are unusual manifestations of cerebral toxoplasmosis in patients with aids. we here describe two such cases and we reviewed extensively the literature (through computer searches using medline) for other reported instances. in our patients, unlike the other neurological symptoms, the response of the movement disorders to anti-toxoplasmosis therapy was delayed and only partial. we demonstrate that tetrabenazine is a valuable additional symptomatic treatment for choreic ... | 1992 | 1636372 |
| naturally occurring immunoglobulin m antibodies: enhancement of phagocytic and microbicidal activities of human neutrophils against toxoplasma gondii. | naturally occurring immunoglobulin m antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in human sera were examined for their ability to enhance toxoplasmacidal activities of human neutrophils to show a role of natural antibodies in immunity to the early stage of toxoplasma infection in humans. neutrophils were mixed with tachyzoites at a ratio of 1:5 in the presence or absence of antibodies and were cultured for 1-18 h for microscopical examination. the count of tachyzoites phagocytosed in 200 neutrophils within ... | 1992 | 1641242 |
| [diagnosis of sarcocystosis in sheep using the indirect fluorescence test and elisa]. | the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was compared with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of specific antibodies to sarcocystis sp. a set of 275 ovine blood samples was examined by both reactions. cystozoites of sarcocystis gigantea were used as the corpuscular antigen for the ifat. for the diagnostics of sarcocystosis by the elisa technique used the sandwich test of the antibody titration with a soluble antigen which was also prepared from s. gigantea macro ... | 1992 | 1641936 |
| [coxiella burnetii and chlamydia psittaci infection in dogs]. | the prevalence of coxiella burnetii and chlamydia psittaci antibodies was investigated in 530 dog specimens divided into six groups, i. e. a = private watch dogs, b1 = service dogs from bratislava, b2 = service dogs from other localities of slovakia and moravia, c = watch dogs from farms, i = household dogs, t = stray dogs. the dogs demonstrated the higher seropositivity to c. burnetii (11.7%) than to ch. psittaci (5.5%). the highest percentage of antibodies to c. burnetii was found in stray dog ... | 1992 | 1641947 |
| immunologically mediated fatigue: a murine model. | chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) is an idiopathic disorder in which the chief symptoms is profound fatigue. to explore the relationship between immune stimulation and fatigue, we developed a murine model for quantifying fatigue: reduction in voluntary running and delayed initiation of grooming after swimming. inoculation of female balb/c mice with corynebacterium parvum antigen or the relatively avirulent me49 strain of toxoplasma gondii induced fatigue: baseline running reduced to less than 50 an ... | 1992 | 1643746 |
| toxoplasmic antibodies in sera of hiv-infected persons. | the sera of 67 hiv-infected persons without clinical signs of toxoplasma gondii infection and sera of 777 immunocompetent persons from three distinct regions of czechoslovakia were examined for the presence of toxoplasmic antibodies using the complement-fixation test (cft). additionally toxoplasma positive hiv+ individuals were re-examined for the presence of igg and igm toxoplasmic antibodies by elisa methods. results show that overall prevalence of toxoplasmic antibodies is not significantly g ... | 1992 | 1644365 |
| possible reasons for failure of conventional tests for diagnosis of fatal congenital toxoplasmosis: report of a case diagnosed by pcr and immunoblot. | diagnosis of subclinical congenital toxoplasmosis has to rely on serological methods or isolation of the parasite. we present a case of congenital toxoplasmosis, in which conventional tests failed to establish the diagnosis. it was shown that this infant developed an intrathecal antibody response that was directed only against one of two toxoplasma gondii strains used for routine diagnosis. in contrast to conventional tests, the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis could be established by using i ... | 1992 | 1644491 |
| evaluation of the effect of drugs on the cyst form of toxoplasma gondii. | the cyst form of toxoplasma gondii has been implicated as a cause of recrudescence of the latent infection in congenitally infected patients and in the immunocompromised host. a method was developed to evaluate the effect of drugs on the cyst form of the parasite and used to evaluate a variety of therapeutic agents. the most active compounds against the cyst form in vitro were arprinocid-n-oxide, azithromycin, and the hydroxynaphthoquinone 566c80. | 1991 | 1647421 |
| analysis of local antibody production in the vitreous humor of patients with severe uveitis. | we analyzed the local antibody production in vitreous humor samples collected during vitrectomy in patients with severe vision-threatening uveitis. in 24 patients, paired serum and undiluted vitreous humor samples were collected and tested for antibodies against toxoplasma gondii, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, and toxocara canis. total igg and the goldmann-witmer coefficient were determined. the initial diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis could ... | 1991 | 1651055 |
| in vivo activity of the macrolide antibiotics azithromycin, roxithromycin and spiramycin against toxoplasma gondii. | the macrolide antibiotics azithromycin, roxithromycin and spiramycin were examined in parallel for in vivo activity against toxoplasma gondii. azithromycin was considerably more active in protecting mice against death due to acute toxoplasmosis even when the other two antibiotics were used at twice its dose. the higher activity of azithromycin prompted a further examination of its activity against five different strains of toxoplasma gondii, including two isolated from patients with aids. althou ... | 1991 | 1655433 |
| synergistic activity of azithromycin and gamma interferon in murine toxoplasmosis. | a dose of 75 mg of azithromycin per kg of body weight per day combined with a dose of 2 micrograms of gamma interferon per day and administered for 10 days protected at least 40% of mice infected with a lethal inoculum of toxoplasma gondii. azithromycin administered alone protected less than 10% of the mice; gamma interferon had no protective effect. | 1991 | 1656872 |
| prevalence of antibodies to five selected zoonosis agents in monkeys. | the prevalence of antibodies against 5 zoonosis agents was determined in serum samples of 443 breeding monkeys. of the monkeys, 296 were bred or kept for a long time at r institute, and the remaining 147 were newly imported from the philippines and kept at s institute for quarantine. antibodies to simian virus 40 were highly prevalent at 89.1% among monkeys of r institute, whereas no antibody could be detected in those of s institute. antibodies to chlamydia psittaci and yersinia pseudotuberculo ... | 1991 | 1657210 |
| proliferation of toxoplasma gondii in human neutrophils in vitro. | human neutrophils were infected with tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii in vitro. infection rates after 1 h of incubation were 38.6-52.0% and 16.0-25.8% in the presence or absence of specific antibody respectively. apparently, neutrophils killed tachyzoites 18 h after infection in the presence of antibody, whereas tachyzoites proliferated in 25.0-35.0% of infected neutrophils in the absence of antibody. total tachyzoite counts 18 h after infection were approximately 4 times as high as those 1 h af ... | 1991 | 1658717 |
| mitochondrial-like dna sequences flanked by direct and inverted repeats in the nuclear genome of toxoplasma gondii. | in the course of our genetic studies on toxoplasma gondii, it was discovered that one cosmid hybridized to a repetitive element. the hybridization pattern observed for the enzyme bglii indicated that this cosmid hybridized to a large number of discrete, but related elements. four bglii fragments were subcloned from the cosmid, and each was shown to hybridize with all the others, as well as to numerous dispersed sequences in genomic dna. three subclones were sequenced in their entirety, and shown ... | 1991 | 1660924 |
| spectrum of activity of azithromycin. | in recent years, a number of newer macrolides have been developed. one such antibiotic is azithromycin, which has a 15-membered ring structure and is classed as an azalide. the limitations of erythromycin and the discovery of pathogenic bacteria such as campylobacter, legionella and chlamydia species provide incentives to study the usefulness of newer antibiotics of this class. azithromycin has good activity against staphylococci, streptococci, moraxella catarrhalis and other rapidly growing pyo ... | 1991 | 1662624 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus herpes simplex virus (torch) and syphilis in jamaican pregnant women. | seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus infections (torch) and syphilis were determined in order to assess the immune/susceptibility status in jamaican pregnant women in 1986. the positive rates were 57% (t. gondii), 69% (rubella), 97% (cmv), 91% (hsv), and 4.9% (syphilis), respectively. the rate of reactivity for syphilis ranged from 2.1% in kingston and st. andrew to 7.3% in rural parishes. the seropositivity rate for rubella was over 50% in al ... | 1991 | 1664562 |
| nitrite production by activated murine macrophages correlates with their toxoplasmastatic activity, ia antigen expression, and production of h2o2. | activated macrophages have various characteristics in common with exudate and resident macrophages, but the ability to inhibit intracellular proliferation of the protozoa toxoplasma gondii, the expression of ia antigen and the capacity to produce h2o2 varies among these cells. assessment of these features of macrophages, which are generally used as criteria for macrophage activation, has certain drawbacks. since activated murine macrophages, but not exudate or resident macrophages, produce consi ... | 1991 | 1666060 |
| [the ocular manifestations in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | the ocular manifestations in the infection with the human immunodeficiency virus are mentioned, among which the ischaemic retinal vasculopathy, the presence of dysoric nodules and the retinal vascularity. in addition, the presence of severe ocular manifestation caused by superinfections with cytomegalovirus, toxoplasma gondii, candida albicans and treponema pallidum is reported. lesions of the anterior pole and of the optic nerve are also described. the necessary prophylaxis and treatment measur ... | 1991 | 1667364 |
| [antigenic differentiation among 3 life-cycle stages of toxoplasma gondii using fluorescent antibodies]. | antigenic differentiation between three stages of the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii by fluorescent antibodies. antisera were prepared in three groups of twenty mice each with three different antigens of toxoplasma gondii: the first group was inoculated with tachyzoites of rh strain and received sulfadiazine treatment; the second with tissue cysts of t-100-cat-6751 strain and the third with oocysts of the same strain, both without treatment. in the indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique ... | 1991 | 1670263 |
| [antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in swine in costa rica: epidemiologic importance]. | on a three hundred swine sera sample collected from a municipal slaughter house and a research laboratory at the ministerio de agricultura y ganadería a 26% of positivity against t. gondii was found using the carbon immunoassay. a relationship between the age and swine race are made. the epidemiological significance of this findings are discussed focused mainly on the role of swine meat as a source of human infection in costa rica. | 1991 | 1670475 |
| synergistic role of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes in ifn-gamma production and protective immunity induced by an attenuated toxoplasma gondii vaccine. | balb/c mice vaccinated with a temperature-sensitive mutant (ts-4) of toxoplasma gondii develop complete resistance to lethal challenge with a highly virulent toxoplasma strain (rh). this immunity is known to be dependent on ifn-gamma synthesis. in vitro and in vivo t cell depletions were performed in order to identify the subsets responsible for both protective immunity and ifn-gamma production. when stimulated with crude tachyzoite ag in vitro, cd4+ cells from vaccinated mice produced high leve ... | 1991 | 1670604 |
| depletion of l3t4+ (cd4+) t lymphocytes prevents development of resistance to toxoplasma gondii in mice. | the role of l3t4+ (cd4+) t lymphocytes in the resistance of mice of different haplotypes to toxoplasma gondii was examined, using the monoclonal antibody gk 1.5. outbred swiss-webster or inbred cba/ca (h-2k), balb/c (h-2d), and c57bl/6 (h-2b) mice injected with monoclonal antibody gk 1.5 24 h before and 24 h and 7, 15, and 21 days after oral inoculation with 10 live cysts of the low-virulence strain me49 of t. gondii exhibited an almost complete abrogation of their antibody and cell-mediated imm ... | 1991 | 1673446 |
| toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women in stockholm in 1969, 1979, and 1987. | | 1991 | 1674784 |