| modulation of drug-metabolizing systems by bacterial endotoxin in carp liver and immune organs. | this report describes a study of the effects of bacterial endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (lps)] on cytochrome p450 levels and ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) and glutathione s-transferase (gst) activities in liver and two main immune organs of carp: spleen and head kidney. also studied was the paucity of the carp drug-metabolizing system in an environment subject to pollution by a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 3-methylcholanthrene (3mc), when fish respond to an immune activation by lipopol ... | 1998 | 9756707 |
| two types of mrna encoding myosin regulatory light chain in carp fast skeletal muscle differ in their 3' non-coding regions and expression patterns following temperature acclimation. | cdna clones encoding the myosin regulatory light chain (rlc) were isolated from a cdna library prepared from fast skeletal muscle of the carp cyprinus carpio l. two types of cdna clone encoding carp rlc were found with identical deduced amino acid sequences. the two mrnas differed in the number of polyadenylation signals prior to the poly(a) tail in the 3' non-coding region. the two mrna species, with approximate sizes of 1.4 and 0.8 kilobases, were also observed in northern blot analysis. carp ... | 1998 | 9739064 |
| molecular cloning and developmental expression patterns of the myod and mef2 families of muscle transcription factors in the carp. | cdna clones encoding the myogenic regulatory factors (mrfs) myogenin, myod and myf-5 were isolated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction from larvae and embryos of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2 (mef2) cdnas were identified from a cdna library from adult carp. northern blot analysis showed that myod, myf-5 and mef2c transcripts were present in three-somite embryos, whereas myogenin and mef2a transcripts were not detected until the 15-somite ... | 1998 | 9739063 |
| organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in agricultural waters and cholinesterase (che) inhibition in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | cholinesterase (che) activity was used as a biomarker for assessing exposure of common carp (cyprinus carpio) to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides from irrigated agricultural waters. carp were collected from a lake (royal lake) that receives most of its water from irrigation return flows and from a reference lake (billy clapp lake) outside of the irrigation system. results indicated that the mean whole-brain che activity of carp from royal lake (3.47 micromol/min/g tissue) was 34.2% les ... | 1998 | 9732468 |
| effect of seasonal acclimatization on the expression of the carp transcription factor pit-1. | we isolated a clone comprising four exons of the carp pit-1 gene. using synthetic oligonucleotide probes derived from the carp pit-1 sequence pit-1 expression was assessed by in situ hybridization in pituitary sections from summer- and winter-acclimatized carp. semiquantitative analyses of the hybridization signals revealed a significant higher pit-1 expression in the proximal pars distalis (ppd) and pars intermedia (pi) of the pituitary glands from summer-acclimatized carp, compared to the wint ... | 1998 | 9713706 |
| occurrence of skrjabillanid nematodes in fishes of hungary and in the intermediate host, argulus foliaceus l. | histozoic and coelozoic skrjabillanid-type nematodes belonging to the genera skrjabillanus, molnaria, sinoichthyonema, esocinema, daniconema and lucionema are recorded from the subcutaneous tissues, fins, swimbladder and abdominal cavity of different fish species living in natural waters and fish farms of hungary. in addition to the nine taxonomically identified parasite species, one skrjabillanus sp., two molnaria spp. and three esocinema spp. were identified to the genus level only. the histoz ... | 1998 | 9713146 |
| imaging a spinal fracture in a kohaku koi (cyprinus carpio): techniques and case history report. | an ornamental pet fish was diagnosed with a spinal fracture and subluxation involving truncal vertebrae 5 and 6 (t5-t6) using conventional radiography, nuclear scintigraphy, and computed tomography. attempts to evaluate the dynamic nature of the lesion using conventional fluoroscopy in the unanesthetized, moving patient were unsuccessful. adaptation of imaging techniques to accommodate a fish patient was not difficult and diagnostic images were obtained. the use of multiple imaging techniques wa ... | 2016 | 9710134 |
| heat-shock proteins expression in fish central nervous system and its possible relation with water acidosis resistance. | the expression of 70 and 60-kda heat-shock proteins (hsp70 and hsp60) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap), determined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemical methods, was studied in fish neural tissue; moreover the possible correlation between the expression of these proteins in neural tissue and fish acidosis resistance was also examined. the hsp gfap content was analyzed in four different teleostean fish species (gourami, carp, goldfish and trout) under control conditions and in carp ... | 1998 | 9700715 |
| [the effect of sds, sodium dodecyl sulfate, on the metabolism and swimming capacity of cyprinus carpio]. | synthetic agents are important sources of pollution in brazil, especially in the large urban centers. of these, sds has been largely employed as a reference substance in toxicity tests with aquatic organisms. studies on the effect of this substance on the physiology and behavior of fish are scanty. in this study the metabolism and swimming capacity of cyprinus carpio, at a given swimming velocity (10.15 cm/sec), were analyzed in relation to acute exposition to different concentrations of sds (1 ... | 1998 | 9697654 |
| characterization of the electrogenic na+-k+ pump in horizontal cells isolated from the carp retina. | the electrogenic na+-k+ pump current in horizontal cells acutely dissociated from the carp retina was investigated using a nystatin-perforated patch recording configuration under voltage-clamp conditions. in the presence of suitable blockers for known voltage-dependent na+, k+ and ca2+ conductances, the pump current was activated in a concentration-dependent manner by adding k+ ions to external solution. the ec50 value and hill coefficient for the external k+ concentration were 0.66 mm and 1.39, ... | 1998 | 9692757 |
| distribution of macrophages during fish development: an immunohistochemical study in carp (cyprinus carpio, l.). | a monoclonal antibody against carp macrophages (wcl15) has been utilised in flow cytometry, immuno-histochemistry and immuno-electron microscopy to assess the distribution of monocytes/macrophages in developing carp lymphoid tissues. in suspensions of living cells wcl15 reacted strongly with cytoplasm and plasmic membrane of macrophages. it also cross-reacted with a subpopulation of thrombocytes, but this reaction could be neglected by double immunostaining in combination with a thrombocyte-spec ... | 1998 | 9683065 |
| phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated neurofilament epitopes are co-distributed in the fish mauthner axon. | the neurofilament (nf) polypeptides of the fish giant mauthner cell axons (mas) and their degree of phosphorylation were investigated in the adult by means of immunoblot and immunohistochemical staining. fasciculus longitudinalis medialis (flm) axons of much smaller caliber, among which mas run in the ventral spinal cord, were also analyzed in two teleost fish belonging to continuously growing species. to detect nf polypeptide subunits, commercially available monoclonal antibodies against mammal ... | 1998 | 9678896 |
| cloning of a full-length insulin-like growth factor-i complementary dna in the goldfish liver and ovary and development of a quantitative pcr method for its measurement. | five forms of insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) complementary dna (cdna) were isolated by pcr from goldfish liver and ovary, using primers based on common carp igf-i sequence. in the goldfish liver, we cloned and sequenced three igf-i forms (1,2, and 3), and elucidated the full-length cdna sequence using the 5'-and 3'-race. two igf-i forms (1 and 2) were cloned from the goldfish ovary and were found to have differences with respect to both size and nucleotide sequence compared to liver igf-i. ... | 1998 | 9653021 |
| characterisation of glucocorticoid receptors in peripheral blood leukocytes of carp, cyprinus carpio l. | binding studies with [3h]cortisol revealed the presence of a single class of cortisol-binding sites on carp peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl). these binding sites showed high affinity (kd of 3.8 nm) and low capacity (490 binding sites per cell), indicative of receptor binding. affinity for cortisone was 254-fold lower than for cortisol. affinity for the two synthetic glucocorticoids dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide (ta) was 4- and 10-fold higher than for cortisol, respectively. further ... | 1998 | 9653016 |
| blastoderm structure, cell migration and formation of the embryonic shield during gastrulation in the carp (cyprinus carpio); a scanning electron microscopic study. | this paper describes an ultrastructural study of the cell movements during the gastrulation of the common carp, cyprinus carpio, using scanning electron microscopy. the morphology of the deep cells was studied in several consecutive stages ranging from 0-100% epiboly. furthermore, the formation of the embryonic shield was followed from its earliest appearance at 50% epiboly onwards. this paper gives morphological evidence for the existence of two different pathways for involving and convergent m ... | 1998 | 9651740 |
| multigenerational study of the effects of consumption of pcb-contaminated carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, on mink. 3. estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor concentrations, and potential correlation with dietary pcb consumption. | mink (mustela vison) were fed diets containing ocean fish (control diet, 0.0 ppm polychlorinated biphenyls, pcbs) or saginaw bay carp to provide 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm pcbs to examine the effect of pcbs on homeostasis of binding sites for ovarian steroid hormones. ranch-raised mink fed great lakes fish contaminated with pcbs, or treated with pcbs directly, have demonstrated reproductive impairment including anovulation, fetal resorption, delayed ovulation, increased gestation, and decreased litte ... | 1998 | 9650573 |
| multigenerational study of the effects of consumption of pcb-contaminated carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, on mink. 2. liver pcb concentration and induction of hepatic cytochrome p-450 activity as a potential biomarker for pcb exposure. | this study examined the effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) from saginaw bay (lake huron) carp on the hepatic cytochrome p-450 activity in mink (mustela vison). hepatic cytochrome p-450 activities are of interest for their possible use as biomarkers to indicate consumption and biological effects of pcbs in the environment. adult mink were fed diets containing ocean fish (control diet, 0.0 ppm) or saginaw bay carp toprovide 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm pcbs. mink were bred after 3 mo of exposure, ... | 1998 | 9650572 |
| metabolic fractionation of stable carbon isotopes: implications of different proximate compositions for studies of the aquatic food webs using δ(13)c data. | in two laboratory experiments using tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) and common carp (cyprinus carpio), we investigated the effect of lipid content in the fish carcass on the stable carbon isotope ratio (δ(13)c). in both experiments, a significant negative correlation was found between lipid content in the carcass dry matter and δ(13)c of total dry matter, but there was no influence on the δ(13)c of fat-free dry matter or lipids. as the lipid content of fish is known to vary with reproductive sta ... | 1998 | 28308424 |
| in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity against allogeneic erythrocytes in ginbuna crucian carp and goldfish using a non-radioactive assay. | cell-mediated cytotoxicity of clonal ginbuna crucian carp leukocytes against allogeneic erythrocytes is described using a sensitive non-radioactive in vitro assay. hemoglobin released from target erythrocytes after cell-mediated erythrolysis was detected by tetramethylbenzidine (tmb). tmb assay showed clear correlation with a 51cr-release assay and even exhibited higher cytotoxicity. the use of erythrocytes as target cells has several advantages over a conventional 51cr-release assay. erythrocyt ... | 2015 | 9639089 |
| gaba modulates color-opponent bipolar cells in carp retina. | in the present work, the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) were examined while recording intracellularly from color-opponent bipolar cells in the isolated, superfused carp retina. bath-applied gaba differentially suppressed light responses of r/g cells, which depolarized and hyperpolarized, respectively, in response to red and green flashes, and g/r cells, which showed the opposite responses. in either r/g or g/r cells, the response driven by input from red cones was invariably suppresse ... | 1998 | 9593968 |
| effects of light and dark environment on regeneration of carp optic nerves. | | 1998 | 9628814 |
| functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery. | copper sulfate is one of the most widely used algicides for the control of phytoplankton in lakes, reservoirs, and ponds. it is also used for aquatic weed control. to study the toxic effects of copper on carp (cyprinus carpio l.), toxicity tests were carried out. fish recovery in copper-free water was followed. after a 14-day period of exposure to five concentrations of copper sulfate (0.25-4.0 mg/l cuso4, values ranging from approximately 5 to 70% of the 96-h lc-50) and a recovery period of the ... | 2013 | 9626535 |
| retinoic acid has light-adaptive effects on horizontal cells in the retina. | ambient light conditions affect the morphology of synaptic elements within the cone pedicle and modulate the spatial properties of the horizontal cell receptive field. we describe here that the effects of retinoic acid on these properties are similar to those of light adaptation. intraorbital injection of retinoic acid into eyes of dark-adapted carp that subsequently were kept in complete darkness results in the formation of numerous spinules at the terminal dendrites of horizontal cells, a typi ... | 1998 | 9618552 |
| indications for a distinct putative t cell population in mucosal tissue of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | a monoclonal antibody against carp intestinal t cells (wcl38; of igm class) was produced by immunization of mice with isolated membrane molecules of carp intestinal intraepithelial lymphoid cells. flow cytometric analysis showed that wcl38 reacted with 50-70% of the lymphoid cells isolated from intestine, gills or skin, with less than 6% of lymphoid cells isolated from thymus, head kidney or spleen and with a negligible number of pbl. wcl38+ cells were abundant in the intestinal epithelium and l ... | 2015 | 9617584 |
| stress responsiveness of the pituitary-interrenal axis during early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio). | whole-body levels of acth, alpha-msh and cortisol in eggs and larvae of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) were determined periodically up until 168 h after fertilisation. acth, alpha-msh and cortisol immunoreactivity was detected in unfertilised eggs, and endogenous production of acth and alpha-msh was observed 24 h after fertilisation and that of cortisol 36 h after fertilisation. acth immunoreactivity reached peak levels before hatching (56-72 h after fertilisation) and remained relatively sta ... | 1998 | 9614366 |
| spatio-temporal receptive fields in carp retinal horizontal cells. | 1. the dynamics of the receptive fields of retinal horizontal cells were examined by applying a spatio-temporal modulated light signal to the retina. 2. the spatio-temporal receptive fields of both cone- and rod-driven horizontal cells, estimated through cross-correlation between the modulated light signal and the cells' responses, showed their receptive fields (the space-dependent component) to be reduced in size with time. 3. in cone-driven horizontal cells, the reduction in receptive field si ... | 1998 | 9490843 |
| existence of two isoforms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in fish. | full-length cdnas for extracellular signal-regulated kinases (erk1 and erk2) were isolated from a carp ovary cdna library. the deduced amino acid sequences of carp erk1 (cerk1) and erk2 (cerk2) exhibited high degrees of homology to the known sequences of the erk group. northern blot analysis showed that cerk1 mrna was not expressed in a tissue-specific manner, though the level of expression of cerk2 mrna varied among tissues. western blot analysis of the brain, kidney, and ovary confirmed the ex ... | 1998 | 9603989 |
| site-specific lead distribution in scales of lead-administered carp (cyprinus carpio) by non-destructive sr-xrf analysis. | by utilizing non-destructive synchrotron radiation-excited x-ray fluorescence (sr-xrf), we observed the distribution of lead (pb) in both ontogenic and regenerating scales of lead-administrated carp, cyprinus carpio. the fish in the pb-administered group were fed pellets containing 1 mg/g of pb at a rate of 1.5% body weight per day for 30 days. in the ontogenic scales, pb was highly accumulated near the basal edge of the scale and the accumulated amount decreased toward the focus of the scale. o ... | 1998 | 9566301 |
| cadmium-induced scale deformation in carp (cyprinus carpio). | | 1998 | 9557205 |
| effects of phorbol esters in carp (cyprinus carpio l). | carp (cyprinus carpio l) were fed diets containing phorbol esters at concentrations of 0, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 31, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1,000 micrograms/g feed. phorbol esters were from jatropha curcas nuts. jatropha curcas toxicity has been reported in humans, rodents and livestock, and phorbol esters have been identified as the main toxic agent. the adverse effects observed in carp at phorbol esters concentrations of 31 micrograms/g or higher were lower average metabolic growth rate, fecal mucus ... | 1998 | 9554059 |
| tritium planigraphy: from the accessible surface to the spatial structure of a protein. | the method of tritium planigraphy, which provides comprehensive information on the accessible surface of macromolecules, allows an attempt at reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of a protein from the experimental data on residue accessibility for labeling. the semiempirical algorithm proposed for globular proteins involves (i) predicting theoretically the secondary structure elements (sses), (ii) experimentally determining the residue-accessibility profile by bombarding the whole prot ... | 1998 | 9501168 |
| antioxidative activity of carp blood plasma on lipid peroxidation. | antioxidative activity of carp blood plasma was estimated by measuring hydroperoxides formed by liposome peroxidation during the exposure of liposomes to aaph. ascorbic acid of high concentration, uric acid of low content, and tocopherol formed special protective system against lipid poroxidation in fish plasma. the decrease of uric acid, ascorbic acid, and tocopherol showed synergism of ascorbic acid and tocopherol, uric acid, and tocopherol. carp blood plasma with a low concentration of protei ... | 1998 | 9532775 |
| ca2+ signals during early lymphocyte activation in carp cyprinus carpio l. | to measure cellular responses and the involvement of increased cytosolic ca2+ levels ([ca2+]i), peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) of carp were loaded with the fluorescent intracellular ca2+ indicators fluo-3 and fura-2. responses of lymphocytes to t-cell mitogen (phytohaemagglutinin, pha), to b-cell mitogen (lipopolysaccharide, lps) and to immunoglobulin (ig) cross-linking with a monoclonal antibody to carp ig were measured using flow cytometry. both t-cell stimulation by pha and b-cell stimulat ... | 1998 | 9438833 |
| desensitization of the gabaa receptor shifts the dynamic range of retinal horizontal cells due to light and dark adaptation. | the effects of the gabaergic pathway on the dynamic range of the light response of cone-driven horizontal cells (hcs) in the carp retina were investigated using conventional intracellular recordings and computer simulations. the amplitude of the hc responses to repetitive test flashes was altered by background illumination in control ringer's solution, but was not changed following the application of picrotoxin or bicuculline, which suggests that gabaa receptors mediate the subsequent change in ... | 1997 | 9504129 |
| comparative aspects on nitric oxide in brain and its role as a cerebral vasodilator. | histological studies have detected nitric oxide (no) synthase in the central nervous system of all vertebrates examined, from lampreys to mammals. however, there are still very few comparative physiological studies on the function of no synthase in the brain of non-mammalian vertebrates. so far, we know that acetylcholine can cause an no-dependent increase in brain blood flow in turtles and some fish species (crucian carp and rainbow trout), whereas some other fishes appear to lack such a mechan ... | 1997 | 9505413 |
| 3-methylcholanthrene-induced erod activity and cytochrome p-450 in immune organs of carp (cyprinus carpio). | in this study, at first, we determined the optimal assay conditions for ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase activity and cytochrome p450 contents in the liver and two immune organs (spleen and head kidney) of carp. the km values of cytochrome p450 1a activity were identical in the three organs, demonstrating that the enzyme belongs to the same isoform. in a second step, we showed that carp contained endogenous cytochrome p450 and erod activity in two immune organs like in liver. these enzyme activities ... | 1997 | 9490184 |
| semiquantitative immunoblot detection of 70 kda stress proteins in the carp cyprinus carpio. | | 1998 | 9484554 |
| [the manifestation of immunity in ichthyophthiriasis in carp in maritime territory]. | | 2007 | 9479386 |
| in vitro thyrotropin-releasing activity of corticotropin-releasing hormone-family peptides in coho salmon, oncorhynchus kisutch. | investigations of hypothalamic regulation of fish thyrotropin (tsh) secretion and subsequent thyroid activity have been impeded by the lack of a reliable assay for tsh. using a recently developed radioimmunoassay (ria) for coho salmon tsh we employed an in vitro pituitary cell culture technique to examine regulation of tsh secretion by corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh) family peptides [ovine crh (ocrh), carp urotensin i (ui), and frog sauvagine (sv)] as well as thyrotropin-releasing hormone ... | 1998 | 9473372 |
| effect of toxicity of cadmium on scale morphology in cyprinus carpio (cyprinidae). | | 1998 | 9470997 |
| basal level and induction of cytochrome p450, erod, udpgt, and gst activities in carp (cyprinus carpio) immune organs (spleen and head kidney). | | 1998 | 9470993 |
| purification and characterization of cathepsin l from hepatopancreas of carp cyprinus carpio. | cathepsin l was purified from carp hepatopancreas by a method involving ammonium sulfate precipitation and a series of column chromatographies, in which the enzyme had an affinity toward concanavalin a and cibacron blue f3ga. its homogeneity was established by native-page, but two protein bands corresponding to molecular masses of 30,000 (single chain) and 24,000 (heavy chain) migrated on sds-page. the enzyme exhibited a maximum activity for carbobenzoxy-l-phenylalanyl-l-arginyl-4-methylcoumaryl ... | 1997 | 9467867 |
| anoxic depression of light-evoked potentials in retina and optic tectum of crucian carp. | the crucian carp is an exceptionally anoxia-tolerant vertebrate. for the brain, with its very high rate of atp use, depression of energy use is likely to be an important strategy for anoxic survival. this study shows that the light-evoked response of the retina and the corresponding evoked potential in optic tectum decrease in amplitude by 69 and 75%, respectively, during 38 min of anoxia, and by about 90% after 1 h in anoxia. both responses were restored upon reoxygenation. the length of light ... | 1997 | 9453218 |
| parvalbumin, a cross-reactive fish allergen, contains ige-binding epitopes sensitive to periodate treatment and ca2+ depletion. | type i allergy to fish is a severe health problem in countries in which a large percentage of the population derive income from fishing. | 1998 | 9449503 |
| effects of sublethal copper exposure on copper accumulation, food consumption, growth, energy stores, and nucleic acid content in common carp. | juvenile common carp were exposed for 28 days to three different sublethal copper concentrations (0.20 microm, 0.55 microm, and 0.80 microm). food consumption was monitored on a daily basis during the exposure period, while growth, copper accumulation, energy stores, and nucleic acid contents were assessed weekly. copper exposure to 0. 80 microm affected both growth and feeding behavior in common carp. at 0.55 microm, growth was affected despite normal food consumption. even at the lowest copper ... | 1997 | 9419260 |
| identification of the midbrain locomotor nuclei and their descending pathways in the teleost carp, cyprinus carpio. | in order to identify the mesencephalic spinal pathways for initiation of swimming in the carp, we employed electrical and chemical microstimulation of the mesencephalic tegmentum. electrical stimulation of the midbrain in decerebrate carp produced bilateral or unilateral rhythmic movements of the tail. bilateral alternating movements were induced by stimulation with the lowest threshold currents to the brain region just beneath the third ventricle at the level of the mid mesencephalon. the regio ... | 1997 | 9409698 |
| microcalorimetric study of the toxic effect of selenium on the mitochondrial metabolism of cyprinus carpio liver. | the metabolic thermograms and heat output of mitochondria isolated from carp liver have been determined by using an lkb bioactivity monitor. the thermogram can be divided into four parts: the lag phase, active recovery phase, stationary phase, and decline phase. the thermokinetic equation was established for the active recovery and decline phase of metabolism as follows: dp/dt = k(m)p (1-sp). the rate constants k1 and k2 of two phases of active recovery and decline phase have been also calculate ... | 2013 | 9404680 |
| activity of long-wavelength cones under scotopic conditions in the cyprinid fish danio aequipinnatus. | in carp (cyprinus) and goldfish (carassius), long-wavelength cones are reported to be active under scotopic conditions. using the electroretinogram (erg), we tested another cyprinid fish, danio aequipinnatus, which contains a1-based visual pigments and for which we had previously measured the spectral sensitivities of individual cones. dark adaptation curves show a rod/cone break at about 45 min. when thoroughly dark-adapted, the spectral sensitivity function is broader than can be accounted for ... | 1997 | 9373956 |
| bioconcentration, elimination and metabolism of 2,4-dinitrotoluene in carps(cyprinus carpio l.). | bioconcentration curves of 2,4-dinitrotoluene(2,4-dnt) in carps (whole fish, liver, intestine and muscle) were investigated using semistatic system. for whole fish, its curve could be described as a gentle peak which began with a rise in concentration to summit or steady state, then declined and reached lower level followed by another steady state. for liver and intestine, their curves both contained two successive peaks, with the second peak followed by slight fluctuation. bioconcentration fact ... | 1997 | 9353907 |
| ether lipid composition and molecular species alterations in carp brain (cyprinus carpio l.) during normoxic temperature acclimation. | carp (cyprinus carpio l.) whole brain was used to investigate the thermal acclimation changes under normoxic conditions of three-subclasses (alkenylacyl-, alkylacyl- and diacyl-subclasses) of choline glycerophospholipids (cgp), ethanolamine glycerophospholipids (egp) and inositol glycerophospholipids (igp) as well as their acyl chain profiles and molecular species composition. the alkenylacyl subclass of cgp and igp and the alkylacyl subclass of cgp and egp varied significantly during summer (25 ... | 1997 | 9342730 |
| dual component in receptive field centre of bipolar cells in carp retina. | receptive field centre profiles of depolarizing (on-) and hyperpolarizing (off-) bipolar cells in dark adapted carp retina were determined by using a narrow slit of light. the spatial decline of the photoresponse was found to consist of double exponential function with small and large length constants, about 100 microns and 1 mm, respectively. these were only observed in dark adapted retinae where antagonistic surround responses were not observed. these findings suggest dual sites of electrical ... | 1997 | 9381669 |
| retinoids in eggs and embryos of birds fed fish from the great lakes. | retinoids were analyzed in 11-day chick embryos and eggs from white leghorn hens (gallus domesticus) fed environmentally-derived polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) in carp (cyprinus carpio) from saginaw bay. the yolks and the embryos contained all-trans-retinol, 3,4-didehydroretinol and retinyl esters. there was no significant difference in the total retinoid content in the yolks of 11-day incubated eggs among hens fed for 7 weeks diets containing 0.5-6.6 mg pcb/kg diet. however, the proportional a ... | 1997 | 21781788 |
| gonadotropin alpha-subunit glycoprotein from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and its expression during hormone-induced ovulation. | complementary dna (cdna) encoding the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) gonadotropin (gth) alpha-subunit glycoprotein was cloned by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from a plasmid library made from pituitary rna. complete cdna cloning was achieved by carrying out two pcr reactions: one with an upstream sense primer plus the universal sequencing primer, located downstream of the poly(a) sequence of the cdna in the plasmid vector, to amplify the downstream portion of the cdna; the other with a ... | 1997 | 9284560 |
| in vivo and in vitro effects of deltamethrin on cytochrome p450 monooxygenase activity in carp (cyprinus carpio l) liver. | the in vivo and in vitro effects of the insecticide deltamethrin (dm) on hepatic cytochrome p450 (cyt p450) monooxygenase were examined in adult carp. the in vivo experiments were carried out with 0.2 microgram/l dm at 20 degrees c. the changes in the hepatic microsomal cyt p450 content and the cyt p450-dependent monooxygenase activities were studied in dm-treated fish. although there were no changes in the cyt p450 content during the exposure time, after treatment for 24 h all the investigated ... | 1997 | 9269084 |
| rodlet cells in the epidermis of fish exposed to stressors. | rodlet cells (rc) were detected in the epidermis of carp (cyprinus carpio) and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to stressors (e.g. acid water, heavy metals, thermal elevation, polluted water of the rhine river, water loaded with organic manure, and distilled water), as well as after wounding. these cells were not found in the epidermis of fish kept under control conditions, thus suggesting that the appearance of rc in the epidermis is stressor-related. immature rc, resembling mucous cells, we ... | 1997 | 18627825 |
| structure and expression of carp mitogen-activated protein kinases homologous to mammalian jnk/sapk. | two distinct stress-activated protein kinase (jnka and b) cdnas were isolated from a carp ovary cdna library. these cdnas contained a full-length open reading frame encoding 427 amino acid residues with a predicted mass of 48.6 kda. the deduced amino acid sequences of jnka and b were 95.8% identical, with 18 residues replaced, and showed a high degree of sequence similarity to mammalian jnk/sapk subgroup including the common dual phosphorylation motif of tpy. by northern blot analysis, the carp ... | 1997 | 9378717 |
| differential scanning calorimetry and cd spectrometry of acclimation temperature-associated types of carp light meromyosin. | differential scanning calorimetry and cd spectrometry were employed to study the thermal unfolding of light meromyosin (lmm) prepared from carp acclimated to different temperatures. the transition temperatures given by the major peaks at ph 8.0 in 0.6 m kcl for lmm from carp acclimated to 10 degrees c were 32.5 and 39.5 degrees c with the calorimetric enthalpies (deltahcal) of 269 and 52 kcal/mol, respectively. lmm from carp acclimated to 20 degrees c exhibited three peaks of transition temperat ... | 1997 | 9230050 |
| effects of extracellular environment on the osmotic signal transduction involved in activation of motility of carp spermatozoa. | the mechanism by which a hypo-osmotic shock activates motility of carp spermatozoa was studied. the direct role of osmolality at the axoneme was investigated after demembranation of spermatozoa with triton x-100 and reactivation in various ionic or anionic solutions containing mg-atp: demembranated spermatozoa remain motile in solutions of osmolality up to 550 mosm kg-1 while non-demembranated spermatozoa are immotile when osmolality rises above 250 mosm kg-1 with the same salt solutions as well ... | 1997 | 9306986 |
| two opposite effects of atp on the apparent sensitivity of the cgmp-gated channel of the carp retinal cone. | effects of atp on the activity of cgmp-gated channels from carp cone photoreceptors were studied. in 29% of the patches examined (n = 45), atp (1 mm) enhanced a current evoked by cgmp (20 microm, up to about 100%), in 33%. atp suppressed it by up to about 90%, and in the remaining 38%, atp had no effect. atp showed similar effects on a current evoked by 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (2 microm, enhancing in 42% of the patches, suppressing in 25%, no effect in 33%, n = 12), suggestin ... | 2013 | 9278990 |
| separation of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) thrombocytes by using a monoclonal antibody, and their aggregation by collagen. | a monoclonal antibody against carp peripheral blood leucocytes was produced, and its reactivity analysed by flow cytometry and electron microscopy. the antibody reacted positively with 10-35% of the cells in a fraction of lymphocytes and thrombocytes that was separated by flow cytometry. electron microscopy using immunogold labelling showed that this antibody reacted strongly with thrombocytes, but not with other leucocytes. by using a magnetic separator, leucocytes that were positive and negati ... | 1997 | 9261970 |
| cloning and characterization of pejerrey mitochondrial dna and its application for rflp analysis | probes were cloned, characterized, and developed for all regions of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of pejerrey odontesthes bonariensis to provide the basis for the study of genetic diversity of south american atherinopsinii and to enable species identification from small amounts of tissue. the mtdna was extracted from liver and cleaved with eco ri, producing four fragments (7·4, 3·4, 3·1 and 2·9 kb) which were cloned using puc118 plasmid vectors. sequence analysis from ... | 1997 | 9236099 |
| use of seasonally flooded marshes by fish in a mediterranean wetland: timing and demographic consequences | in the camargue (southern france), movements of fish between a canal and two seasonally flooded marshes were monitored continuously by fish traps for 3 years for one marsh and for 2 years for the other. the timing of the entry and exit of the main species was determined together with species annual demographic balance, defined as the difference between the number of fish leaving and the number of fish entering. only some of the species inhabiting the canal colonized the marshes. except those spe ... | 1997 | 9236092 |
| quantitative distributions of different cholinesterases and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by metidathion and paraquat in alimentary canal of common carp. | 1. the cholinesterases play an important role in the innervation of organs. the ratio of solubilized to membrane-bound cholinesterase and the quantitative distributions of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were measured in different segments of the gut of carp (cyprinus carpio) connected with different types of nerve-muscle synapses in different parts of the alimentary tract. 2. the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (ec 3.1.1.7.) by the herbicide paraquat and the insecticide metida ... | 1997 | 9195193 |
| effects of chelation on the bioconcentraton of cadmium and copper by carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | | 1997 | 9184051 |
| spontaneous formation of intercellular bile canaliculi and hybrid biliary-pancreatic canaliculi in co-culture of hepatocytes and exocrine pancreas cells from carp. | when cultured together in a primary serum-free hormone-free system, hepatocytes and exocrine pancreas cells from the carp, cyprinus carpio, spontaneously establish unique morphological structures that do not occur in vivo. these structures include intercellular bile canaliculi between neighbouring hepatocytes and hybrid canaliculi between hepatocytes and pancreas cells. in vivo, carp hepatocytes form only unicellular bile canaliculi; hybrid canaliculi between hepatocytes and exocrine pancreas ce ... | 1997 | 9182614 |
| off pathway is preferentially suppressed by the activation of gaba(a) receptors in carp retina. | this study examines the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) on the on and off pathways in isolated, superfused carp retina. in most (76%) of amacrine cells bath-applied gaba preferentially suppressed the off response. the effect of gaba was blocked by bicuculline. baclofen did not cause a similar effect. furthermore, gaba produced a substantial suppression of the off bipolar cell response. we conclude that the preferential suppression of the off pathway may be due to a presynaptic inhibitio ... | 1997 | 9219876 |
| conservation of apoptosis as an immune regulatory mechanism: effects of cortisol and cortisone on carp lymphocytes. | this is the first study to show that apoptosis as an immune regulatory mechanism is conserved in fish, demonstrating its importance in maintaining immunological homeostasis. the data further show that this mechanism is subject to control by glucocorticosteroids. carp plasma cortisol concentrations increase from 20 to 434 ng/ml and cortisone from 5 to 50 ng/ml within 9 min of the onset of handling stress. at basal steroid concentrations in vitro, cortisol, but not its conversion product cortisone ... | 1997 | 9299059 |
| structural differences in the crossbridge head of temperature-associated myosin subfragment-1 isoforms from carp fast skeletal muscle. | we determined the primary structures of the three acclimation-temperature-associated isoforms of myosin subfragment-1 heavy chain from fast skeletal muscle of thermally acclimated carp. these isoforms were cloned by extending 5'-regions of cdnas that encode the rod part of myosin heavy chain specifically expressed in 10 degrees c- and 30 degrees c-acclimated carp, together with the region that encodes an intermediate structure [imai, j., hirayama, y., kikuchi, k., kakinuma, m. & watabe, s. (1997 ... | 1997 | 9208928 |
| melatonin levels in the gastrointestinal tissues of fish, amphibians, and a reptile. | melatonin was detected by radioimmunoassay in the gastrointestinal tract (git) of several species of fish (sturgeon, rainbow trout, carp), amphibians (axolotl, leopard frog, bullfrog), and one reptile (red-sided garter snake), which were sacrificed during the daytime. the highest levels of melatonin were detected in the snake [means = 1018 pg/g stomach, 328 pg/g proximal gut (pg), 511 distal gut (dg)] and carp (means = 102 pg/g stomach, 146 pg/g pg and 141 pg/g dg). lowest levels were found in t ... | 1997 | 9204376 |
| neuroendocrine effects on adrenal hormone secretion in carp (cyprinus carpio). | the responses of interrenal and chromaffin tissues of carp to acetylcholine (ach) and its agonists/antagonists were studied in an in vitro perifusion system of head kidney. there was a dose-dependent release of epinephrine and norepinephrine to ach between 0.01 and 100 mm added for 15 min to the incubation medium. cortisol secretion was also stimulated, but the response peaked at 1.0 mm ach and was attenuated with 10 or 100 mm ach. the maximal release occurred about 30 min after addition of the ... | 1997 | 9204364 |
| purification and cloning of carp nephrosin, a secreted zinc endopeptidase of the astacin family. | we have purified a secreted proteinase of 23 kda from carp head kidney by sequential column chromatography on a reactive blue 72-agarose dye affinity column and an fplc mono-p column. the secretion of this proteinase from carp head kidney can be stimulated by high concentrations of potassium. since the carp proteinase is present mainly in the head kidney, kidney, and spleen (all of which are lymphohematopoietic organs), it is named nephrosin. the carp nephrosin is most sensitive to metal chelato ... | 1997 | 9153232 |
| a second type of rod opsin cdna from the common carp (cyprinus carpio). | a second type of rhodopsin cdna from carp (crh-ii) shared 97.2% polynucleotide identity with the previously reported crh-i. the deduced amino acid sequences of crh-i and crh-ii exhibited 98.6% identity. the key difference between these two types of crh is that valine at position 169 of crh-i was replaced by glutamic acid in crh-ii. southern blot analysis of genomic dna showed that there were two types of crh gene. these two rod opsin genes were proven to be expressed in carp retinas by using rt- ... | 1997 | 9177476 |
| organophosphate effects on antioxidant system of carp (cyprinus carpio) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus). | the effect of the organophosphate insecticide dichlorvos on antioxidant enzymes and other oxidative and redox parameters of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) were studied. changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and in the case of carp acetylcholinesterase activities were studied in tissue homogenates. other parameters studied: changes of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and the amounts of two radicals, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals ... | 1997 | 9206589 |
| effects of nitric oxide on the horizontal cell network and dopamine release in the carp retina. | in the teleost retina the intercellular messenger nitric oxide can be synthesized by several cell types including cone photoreceptors and h1 horizontal cells, indicating a modulatory role within the outer plexiform layer, the first stage of the visual information processing. therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of nitric oxide on the physiology of cone horizontal cells in the intact retina. the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (0.5-2.5 mm) enhanced the light respo ... | 1997 | 9196728 |
| a pulsed field gradient nmr study of the aggregation and hydration of parvalbumin. | pulsed field gradient nmr is a convenient alternative to traditional methods for measuring diffusion of biological macromolecules. in the present study, pulsed field gradient nmr was used to study the effects of calcium binding and hydration on carp parvalbumin. carp parvalbumin is known to undergo large changes in tertiary structure with calcium loading. the diffusion coefficient is a sensitive guide to changes in molecular shape and in the present study the large changes in tertiary structure ... | 1997 | 17029854 |
| desensitizing gabac receptors on carp retinal bipolar cells. | bicuculline- and baclofen-insensitive gaba receptors (gabac receptors) on bipolar cells acutely dissociated from carp retina were investigated with using the whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique. the currents of these cells mediated by gabac receptors showed striking desensitization, even at low concentrations of gaba. both the time constant tau of the gabac current decay and the extent of desensitization were significantly different from that of gabac receptors previously observed in othe ... | 1997 | 9172130 |
| selective suppression of rod signal transmission by cobalt ions of low levels in carp retina. | selective suppression of rod signal transmission by cobalt ions was reported in carp retina. using 10 munol/l co(2+), rod-driven horizontal cells were hyperpolarized and light responses were completely suppressed in superfused, isolated retina, while cone-driven horizontal cells were almost unaffected. similarly, scotopic electroretinographic bwave was suppressed by 10 munol/l co(2+), while the photopic b-wave remained unaffected. furthermore, the glutamate-isolated receptor potential (piii) was ... | 1997 | 18726308 |
| fin cell line from isogeneic ginbuna crucian carp. | | 1997 | 9156334 |
| molecular cloning and growth hormone-regulated gene expression of carp insulin-like growth factor-i. | two distinct insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) cdnas were isolated from a juvenile carp liver cdna library. both of the cdnas encoded a full length prepro igf-i with 161 amino acids: a mature peptide (70 residues), its signal peptide (44 residues), and a carboxy-terminal e domain (47 residues). the similarity of the two cdna in the open reading frame was 95.1%. the amino acid sequences of e domain predicted by the two cdnas were different while those of the signal peptide and the mature pepti ... | 1997 | 9137817 |
| role of extracellular and intracellular ph in carp sperm motility and modifications by hyperosmosis of regulation of the na+/h+ exchanger. | recently developed flow cytometric methods (trón et al.: mol immunol 27:1307-1311, 1990) to measure the intracellular ph (phi) and intracellular potassium concentration in mammalian cells by using the fluorescent ph-indicator dye 2',7bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5 (and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (bcecf) were adopted for measuring these parameters in carp sperm. the intracellular potassium concentration of the carp sperm was 62.4 +/- 5.3 mm. this is very similar to the potassium concentration of the seminal p ... | 1997 | 9098630 |
| breeding value and variance component estimation from data containing inbred individuals: application to gynogenetic families in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | under gynogenetic reproduction, offspring receive genes only from their dams and completely homozygous offspring are produced within one generation. when gynogenetic reproduction is applied to fully inbred individuals, homozygous clone lines are produced. a mixed model method was developed for breeding value and variance component estimation in gynogenetic families, which requires the inverse of the numerator relationship matrix. a general method for creating the inverse for a population with un ... | 1997 | 9093872 |
| water household of the common carp, cyprinus carpio, when submitted to an osmotic challenge, as determined by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging at 7 t. | in vivo diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (mri) was used to determine the effects of an osmotic challenge (1% nacl) to a freshwater fish, the common carp (cyprinus carpio). the imaged region covered organs such as the swimbladder, the liver, the kidney, the intestine, the spinal cord, and muscle tissue. a striking difference between salt-treated and control fish was found in the liver. the apparent diffusion coefficient value of livers from control fish was (0.39 +/- 0.16) 10(-9) m2/ ... | 1997 | 9219174 |
| molecular cloning, structural analysis, and expression of carp zp2 gene. | the cdnas encoding carp zp2 homologous to winter flounder and mammalian zp2 were cloned. carp zp2 contains a tandemly repetitive domain and a nonrepetitive domain. a repeat is composed of 13 amino-acid residues whose consensus sequence is qqtsqqfqpqkpa/v. the length of the repetitive domain is highly variable, but that of the nonrepetitive domain is fairly constant among various cdnas. the termination codons of various cdnas appear at three different positions. three groups of cdnas were therefo ... | 1997 | 9041128 |
| cadmium-induced changes in the histology of kidneys in common carp, cyprinus carpio (cyprinidae). | | 1997 | 9008057 |
| differential effects of nitric oxide on rod and cone pathways in carp retina. | the effects of nitric oxide (no) on electroretinograms and light responses of horizontal cells intracellularly recorded from isolated, superfused carp retinas were studied. sodium nitroprusside (snp), an no donor, suppressed scotopic b wave, while enhancing photopic b wave, and the effects could be blocked by hemoglobin, an no chelator. furthermore, following snp application, light responses of rod horizontal cells were reduced in size and those of cone horizontal cells were increased. these res ... | 1997 | 18726301 |
| substrate specificity of carp cyprinus carpio cathepsin h with methylcoumarylamide substrates. | cathepsin h was purified from the crude extract of carp (cyprinus carpio) hepatopancreas by a reformed method involving six stages, and the specific activity increased about 11,500-fold with a 23% recovery. of varying fluorescent synthetic substrates tested, carp cathepsin h possessed an ability to hydrolyze four n-terminal unblocked substrates those are composed of a single amino acid bound to 4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (mca), namely leu-mca, arg-mca, lys-mca and ala-mca. in contrast the enzyme w ... | 1997 | 9206588 |
| ketone body metabolism in the carp cyprinus carpio: biochemical and 1h nmr spectroscopical analysis. | in fed and starved carp, cyprinus carpio, ketone body metabolism and those metabolic and endocrine factors that are known to induce ketogenesis in starving mammals were investigated. acetoacetate was detected in plasma and liver of both fed and starved carp. we could not detect 3-hydroxybutyrate, neither by 1h-nmr spectroscopy nor by spectrophotometric assay, in spite of low activities of hepatic 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. starvation of carp did not create metabolic conditions that would f ... | 1997 | 9159888 |
| purification and characterization of myofibril-bound serine proteinase from carp cyprinus carpio ordinary muscle. | 1. a novel myofibril-bound serine proteinase (mbp) has been purified from ordinary muscle of the carp cyprinus carpio. 2. it was solubilized from the myofibril fraction with acid treatment (under the conditions of 0.6 m kcl, ph 4.0), then purified by column chromatographic steps on ultrogel aca 54, and arginine-sepharose 4b. 3. the purified enzyme revealed a single protein band on sds-page, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 30 kda by sds-page and gel filtration. 4. the optimum ph and te ... | 1997 | 9159882 |
| the two essential light chains of carp fast skeletal myosin, lc1 and lc3, are encoded by distinct genes and change their molar ratio following temperature acclimation. | cdna libraries were constructed from fast skeletal muscles of carp acclimated to 10 and 30 degrees c for a minimum of 5 weeks and were screened for myosin alkali light chains, lc1 and lc3, using an anti-skipjack lc1 polyclonal antibody. two types of lc1 cdna clone were isolated and termed lc1a and lc1b: their nucleotide sequences showed 92% homology. the ratio of lc1a to lc1b cdna clones isolated was approximately 3:1, showing no apparent changes following temperature acclimation. the occurrence ... | 1997 | 9076962 |
| characterization of hepatic metallothionein expression in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. | measurements of metallothioneins (mts) can be labour intensive and require expensive probes and or analytical instrumentation. in contrast, the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr0 has provided a relatively sensitive and simple mechanism to measure expression of mt in sentinel species in aquatic environments. the objectives of this study were to characterize expression of hepatic mt in a commonly occurring fish species of the southeastern united states, the channel catfish (i ... | 1997 | 23899176 |
| organochlorine pollutants level in fish from mariut lake, alexandria, egypt. | the residues of 25 organochlorine pollutants, as well as 3 aroclors were analyzed by capillary glc in two tillipia fish species and cyprinus carpio collected from mariut lake, alexandria, egypt. the studied pollutants were ddt's isomers, hexachlorocyclohexane (hchs) isomers, as well as cyclodiene compounds, mirex, methoxychlor, toxaphene and hexa-chlorobenzene (hcb), aroclors 1248, 1254 and 1260, in addition to 9 individual pcbs congeners. lipid content percentage ranged from 1.6 to 4.3% as judg ... | 1997 | 17265633 |
| giant mitochondria as possible bioindicators of environmental injuries in fish liver. | the effect of hypoxia (80 phg) and simultaneously applied paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridynum dichloride) was investigated on carp liver using electron microscopic methods. the appearance of giant mitochondria was the most conspicuous alteration in the liver cells. most of the giant mitochondria were elongated and rod-shaped, often arranged side by side forming clusters beside the nucleus. crook-like and irregular forms also occured among giant mitochondria. the lenght of the giant mitochond ... | 1997 | 11173631 |
| intra-oral food manipulation of carp and other cyprinids: adaptations and limitations. | the heterogeneity of the cyprinid fishes (about 2000 species) and their feeding requires a general model of aquatic feeding. in this model the timing of mouth and gill slit opening and the relative contribution of head expansion and swimming are determining factors. the following elements have been distinguished in the feeding process of cyprinid fishes: search/choice, intake (particulate intake and gulping), size-and taste selection, intra-oral transport (including repositioning), mastication a ... | 1997 | 9421579 |
| study of the effects of brief exposure to an organophosphorous insecticide (methidathion) on blood characteristics of carp (cyprinus carpio). | 1. carp with the dorsal aorta cannulated have been used to study the effects of a 5 hour exposure to methidathion at concentrations of 2 or 6 mg/litre. blood samples taken during control, exposed and recovery periods were used to determine plasma acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity, haematocrit value, mean cell volume, total plasma protein, and filtration time through nucleopore filters containing pores of 8 microns. 2. a drastic inhibition of ache activity was observed and this continued durin ... | 1997 | 9404539 |
| a comparison of blood composition in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using samples obtained from caudal vessels and dorsal aorta cannulae. | blood samples have been taken from chronic cannulae in the dorsal aorta of carp under anaesthesia and at intervals of 24, 29 and 101 hours later. a few minutes after the 29 hours and 101 hours sampling was completed similar quantities (1 ml) were withdrawn from a caudal vessel. all samples were treated in the same way and determinations made of haematocrit value, total protein, glucose concentration and activity of the following plasma enzymes-acetylcholinesterase (ache), glutamic oxaloacetic tr ... | 1997 | 9404538 |
| detection of micronuclei in peripheral erythrocytes of cyprinus carpio exposed to metallic mercury. | cyprinus carpio fish (carp), exposed to elemental or metallic mercury (hg0) at concentrations of 2.0, 20.0, and 200.0 mg per liter of water, were kept in concrete tanks for 159 days. ten fish were used for each concentration level. thirteen samples of peripheral blood were collected from each animal through gill puncture, 12 during the first 90 days of the experiment, and the last one at the end of the experiment. the micronucleus test (mnt) was designed to study dose and time yield effects of m ... | 1997 | 9366907 |
| [growth and carcass quality of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fed different cereals, lupin seed or zooplankton]. | 120 carp (cyprinus carpio l.) with an average initial weight of 516 g, were kept in 20 tanks at a water temperature of 23 degrees c and given five different commercially practical diets to an end weight of approximately 1000 g. four of the diets consisted of more than 50% of the traditional sole feeds wheat (w), rye (r), maize (m), or lupin seed (l), mixed with other ingredients to give diets with similar concentration of energy and crude protein. the fifth diet consisted exclusively of deep fro ... | 1997 | 9304388 |
| the effect of alternate-day low dose prednisolone on bone age in children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome. | radius, ulna, short bones (rus), carpal (carp) bone age (ba), tibial cortico-diaphyseal (c/d) ratio and trabecular aspect were assessed in 19 children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome and 15 age matched healthy children. both rus and carp ba were significantly lower than in the controls. trabecular aspect and tibial c/d ratio did not show any statistical significance. there was a positive correlation between hsds and rus ba delay (r = -0.476, p < 0.05); carp ba delay and rus ba delay (r ... | 1997 | 9285311 |
| characterization of a t cell lineage marker in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | a monoclonal antibody against thymocytes (wcl9; of igg1 class) was produced by immunization of mice with isolated membrane molecules of carp thymocytes. flow cytometric and fluorescence microscopic analysis showed that wcl9 was reactive with 30-50% of thymocytes and not with lymphoid cells from blood, pronephros, spleen and intestine. cryo-sections of thymus showed a wcl9+ and wcl9- region in 3-month-old fish and only wcl9+ cells in 1-week-old fish. because the wcl9- region is more medulla-like, ... | 2015 | 9241487 |
| morphometry of the kidneys of fresh water percoid and ostariophysian teleosts. | kidneys of four fresh water teleost species representing percormorpha (oreochromis niloticus and micropterus salmoides) and ostariophysi (cyprinus carpio and clarias mossambicus) were studied for quantitative structural characteristics using tissues fixed by perfusion. the renosomatic index (weight of kidney/weight of fish) was higher in the ostariophysian than percoid fish (p < 0.05) but values of volume of nephronic tissue/body weight were not significantly different. results obtained by point ... | 1997 | 9199699 |