| changes in stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis during phenological development in spring wheat: implications for gas exchange modelling. | gas exchange was measured from 1 month before the onset of anthesis until the end of grain filling in field-grown spring wheat, triticum aestivum l., cv. vinjett, in southern sweden. two g ( s ) models were parameterised using these data: one jarvis-type multiplicative g ( s ) model (j-model), and one combined stomatal-photosynthesis model (l-model). in addition, the multiplicative g ( s ) model parameterisation for wheat used within the european monitoring and evaluation programme (emep-model) ... | 2006 | 16733690 |
| ultrastructural changes of nucleoli in common wheat induced by actinomycin d. | common wheat root tip meristematic cells were treated with low concentrations of actinomycin d (actd), then stained whole by silver nitrate. we showed by transmission electron microscopy that the typical nucleolar structure did not form, but a granular and fibrillar network was exhibited in the nucleolar region. our results support a correlation between nucleolar organization/assembly and the activation of rna polymerase i transcription. furthermore, we speculate that the fibrillar network prese ... | 2013 | 16720523 |
| microgravity effects on leaf morphology, cell structure, carbon metabolism and mrna expression of dwarf wheat. | the use of higher plants as the basis for a biological life support system that regenerates the atmosphere, purifies water, and produces food has been proposed for long duration space missions. the objective of these experiments was to determine what effects microgravity (microg) had on chloroplast development, carbohydrate metabolism and gene expression in developing leaves of triticum aestivum l. cv. usu apogee. gravity naive wheat plants were sampled from a series of seven 21-day experiments ... | 2006 | 16708225 |
| heavy metal uptake, translocation, and bioaccumulation studies of triticum aestivum cultivated in contaminated dredged materials. | phytoremediation is a technology that uses vegetation to remediate contaminants from water, soil, and sediments. unlike traditional remediation techniques such as soil washing or vitrification, phytoremediation offers a technology that is solar-driven, aesthetically pleasing, and cost effective. recent studies indicate that winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is a potential accumulator for heavy metals such as lead (pb) and cadmium (cd) in hydroponic systems. based on these findings, a laborator ... | 2005 | 16705830 |
| quantification of genetic relationships among a genomes of wheats. | the genetic relationships of a genomes of triticum urartu (au) and triticum monococcum (am) in polyploid wheats are explored and quantified by aflp fingerprinting. forty-one accessions of a-genome diploid wheats, 3 of ag-genome wheats, 19 of ab-genome wheats, 15 of abd-genome wheats, and 1 of the d-genome donor ae. tauschii have been analysed. based on 7 aflp primer combinations, 423 bands were identified as potentially a genome specific. the bands were reduced to 239 by eliminating those presen ... | 2006 | 16699549 |
| characterization of chromosome-specific s-sap markers and their use in studying genetic diversity in aegilops species. | the short interspersed nuclear element (sine), au, was used to develop sequence-specific amplified polymorphism (s-sap) markers for u- and m-genome chromosomes. the markers were localized using triticum aestivum (wheat)-- aegilops geniculata and wheat-- aegilops biuncialis disomic chromosome addition lines. thirty-seven markers distributed over 6 u and 6 m chromosomes were produced. a genetic diversity study carried out on 37 accessions from ae. biuncialis, ae. comosa, ae. geniculata, and ae. um ... | 2006 | 16699548 |
| wild sex in the grasses. | to date, alien introgression of agronomically important traits into bread wheat (triticum aestivum) from wild relatives has not been readily achievable through traditional breeding practices. however, this door might now be unlocked. the insightful research published recently by graham moore and his team delivers a likely candidate in the form of a cdc2-kinase-related gene family for the ph1 locus--a chromatin region located on chromosome 5b that is responsible for homologous chromosome pairing ... | 2006 | 16697246 |
| hydrolysed wheat proteins present in cosmetics can induce immediate hypersensitivities. | cosmetics containing hydrolysed wheat proteins (hwp) can induce rare but severe allergic reactions. 9 patients, all females without common wheat allergy, but with contact urticaria to such cosmetics, were studied. 6 of them also experienced generalized urticaria or anaphylaxis to foods containing hwp. all patients had low to moderate levels of immunoglobulin (ig)e specific of wheat flour (f4) or gluten (f79). their sensitivity to hwp and their tolerance to unmodified wheat proteins extracted fro ... | 2006 | 16689814 |
| [intraspecific differences in physiological responses of different wheat cultivars to enhanced uv-b radiation]. | in this paper, field studies were conducted to determine the potential of alterations in physiology, and the intraspecific differences in sensitivity of 10 wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars to enhanced uv-b radiation. the supplemental uv-b radiation was 5.00 kj x m(-2), simulating a depletion of 20% stratospheric ozone in kunming area. the results showed that six of 10 tested wheat cultivars showed significant changes in total chlorophyll content, among which, chlorophyll a was strongly reduce ... | 2006 | 16689255 |
| fractionation mechanisms of rare earth elements (rees) in hydroponic wheat: an application for metal accumulation by plants. | fractionations of rare earth elements (rees) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were observed through application of exogenous mixed rees under hydroponic conditions. middle ree (mree), light ree (lree), and heavy ree (hree) enrichments were found in roots, stems, and leaves, respectively, accompanied by the tetrad effect (an effect that can cause a split of ree patterns into four consecutive segments) in these organs. investigations into ree speciation in roots and in the xylem sap with x-ray abso ... | 2006 | 16683609 |
| distribution of g-actin is related to root hair growth of wheat. | actin distribution in root hair tips is a controversial topic. although the relationship between ca2+ gradient and actin dynamics in plant tip-growth has been a focus of study, there is still little direct evidence on the exact relationship in root hair tip-growth. | 2006 | 16675602 |
| the genotoxic effects of logran on hordeum vulgare l. and triticum aestivum l. | in the present study, the cytogenetic effects of the herbicide logran on root tip cells of triticurn aestivum l. and hordeum vulgare l. and changes of total protein content in root tip meristems were studied. the seeds of plants were treated with various concentrations of logran (125, 250, 500 microg/ml) for 3 and 6 h. the percentages of abnormal cells were seen to increase with increasing treatment period and concentrations. the most dominant types of observed abnormalities were c-mitosis, dist ... | 2006 | 16646526 |
| a chemical extraction method for mimicking bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to wheat grown in soils containing various amounts of organic matter. | in this study, we have evaluated the extent to which organic matter contents in soils influence the accumulation of pahs by the roots of wheat plants and have developed a rapid chemical method for determining the bioavailability of pah. four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), naphthalene, acenaphthylene, fluorene, and phenanthrene, were added to natural soil samples with different amounts of organic matterfor pot experiments to evaluate apparent bioavailability of pahs to wheat roots (trit ... | 2006 | 16646456 |
| high-resolution radiation hybrid map of wheat chromosome 1d. | physical mapping methods that do not rely on meiotic recombination are necessary for complex polyploid genomes such as wheat (triticum aestivum l.). this need is due to the uneven distribution of recombination and significant variation in genetic to physical distance ratios. one method that has proven valuable in a number of nonplant and plant systems is radiation hybrid (rh) mapping. this work presents, for the first time, a high-resolution radiation hybrid map of wheat chromosome 1d (d genome) ... | 2006 | 16624903 |
| [effects of sodium nitroprusside on mitochondrial function of rye and wheat root tip under aluminum stress]. | sodium nitroprusside (snp) could ameliorate the inhibition effect of al on root growth of rye (secale cereale l. cv. king) and wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. jinmai47). respiratory rate, p/o, opr (oxygenated phosphate rate), r(3) (oxygen consumption rate with adp and substrate present), r(4) (oxygen consumption rate with substrate) and rcr (respiratory control ratio, r(3)/r(4)) of root tips from rye and wheat decreased, as well as the activities of h(+)-atpase, h(+)-ppase, na(+)-k(+)-atpase, ca ... | 2006 | 16622325 |
| fermentation metabolism in roots of wheat seedlings after hypoxic pre-treatment in different anoxic incubation systems. | a hypoxic pre-treatment (hpt) can improve the anoxic survival of flooding sensitive plants. here, we tested whether a 4-d hpt of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.) would improve their anoxic resistance, and if so, why. we found that the metabolic adjustment during prolonged hpt involved an increased lactate excretion rate, the up-regulation of glycolytic and fermentative enzymes as well as the accumulation of various sugars. therefore, hpt wheat roots could sustain a 3 times higher ethanolic fe ... | 2007 | 16616971 |
| alkylresorcinol content and homologue composition in durum wheat (triticum durum) kernels and pasta products. | the total alkylresorcinol (ar) content and relative homologue composition of 21 durum wheat (triticum durum) kernel samples, as well as 5 pasta products and the corresponding flour mixtures, were determined. durum wheat contained on average 455 microg/g ars, and the average relative homologue composition was c17:0 (0.4%), c19:0 (14%), c21:0 (58%), c23:0 (21%), and c25:0 (6.5%). the homologue composition was found to be relatively consistent among samples, with durum wheat being different from co ... | 2006 | 16608224 |
| [pcr-rflp analysis on roegneria, elymus, hystrix and kengyilia in triticeae (poaceae)]. | pcr-rflp of plasmon on 23 species of roegneria, elymus, hystrix and kengyilia and 1 outgroup (triticum aestivum l.) was carried out. the segments amplified with 3 cpdna and 3 mtdna universal primers were digested by 15 restriction endonucleases. among 329 bands produced, 304 were polymorphic (92.4%). pcr-rflp results showed that polymorphisms existed between the four genera and between the species in roegneria, elymus, hystrix and kengyilia, and genetic similarity coefficient was high. roegneria ... | 2006 | 16606599 |
| [cytogenetic analysis of alloplasmic recombinant lines (h. vulgare)-t. aestivum with unstable fertility and viability]. | comparative cytogenetic analysis was performed with four alloplasmic recombinant (hordeum vulgare)-triticum aestivum lines differing in morphological traits, number of seeds per spike, and seed plumpness. none of the lines displayed introgression of the barley genetic material: the karyotypes included only common wheat chromosomes. two lines, 79(b) and 79(d), were cytogenetically stable. plants of lines 79(a) and 79(c) displayed a high frequency of unbalanced chromosome aberrations, including di ... | 2006 | 16583704 |
| single nucleotide polymorphism, genetic mapping, and expression of genes coding for the dof wheat prolamin-box binding factor. | wheat prolamin-box binding factor (wpbf) was shown to be an activator of triticum aestivum l. storage protein genes. three homoeologous genes encoding this transcription factor were isolated from a bacterial artificial chromosome genomic library and sequenced. the genes all have two exons separated by an intron of approximately 1,000 bp where the second exon contains the entire coding sequence. many differences were found between homoeologous sequences, but none of them is predicted to significa ... | 2006 | 16568337 |
| screening and applying wheat microsatellite markers to trace individual haynaldia villosa chromosomes. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) microsatellite markers were screened for detecting haynaldia villosa l. chromosomes introduced into wheat background. two hundred and seventy six primer pairs mapped on 7 homeologous groups of wheat were used to amplify the gdna of t. aestivum and h. villosa. the results showed that 148 of 276 microsatellite primers amplified polymorphic bands between common wheat cv. chinese spring and h. villosa. primers wmc49 (1bs), wmc25 (2bs), gdm36 (3ds), gdm145 (4al), wmc233 ( ... | 2006 | 16553212 |
| relationship between osmotic stress and polyamines conjugated to the deoxyribonucleic acid-protein in wheat seedling roots. | the contents of covalently conjugated polyamines (cc-pas) and noncovalently conjugated polyamines (ncc-pas) to deoxyribonucleic acid-protein (dnp) isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedling roots under osmotic stress were detected. results showed thatafter osmotic stress treatment for 7 d, the levels in ncc-spermine (ncc-spm) and ncc-spermidine (ncc-spd) of drought-tolerant yumai no. 18 cv. increased more markedly than that of drought-sensitive yangmai no. 9 cv., while the ncc-putrescin ... | 2006 | 16544571 |
| deposition of cell wall polysaccharides in wheat endosperm during grain development: fourier transform-infrared microspectroscopy study. | the time course and pattern deposition of the cell wall polysaccharides in the starchy endosperm of wheat (triticum aestivum cv. recital) during grain development was studied using fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (micro-ftir). three stages of grain development identified as key stages for cell wall construction were retained as follows: the end cellularization, the beginning of cell differentiation, and the beginning of maturation. micro-ftir revealed that beta-(1-->3),(1-->4) gluca ... | 2006 | 16536611 |
| a raman-scattering study on the net orientation of biomacromolecules in the outer epidermal walls of mature wheat stems (triticum aestivum). | raman spectroscopy can be used to examine the orientation of biomacromolecules using relatively thick samples of material, whereas more traditional means of analysing molecular structure require prior isolation of the components, which often destroys morphological features. in this study, raman spectroscopy was used to examine the outer epidermal cell walls of wheat stems. | 2006 | 16533832 |
| joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and cadmium on wheat triticum aestivum at biochemical levels. | biochemical responses to joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and cadmium (cd) in wheat triticum aestivum were examined. the joint action of chlorimuron-ethyl and cd weakened the inhibition of cd or chlorimuron-ethyl on the formation of chlorophyll. it was deduced that wheat plants had the capability to protect themselves by increasing the activity of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase (pod) with the exposure time. the joint effect of chlorimuron-ethyl and cd on the superoxide dismutase (sod) activi ... | 2006 | 16530309 |
| use of wild relatives to improve salt tolerance in wheat. | there is considerable variability in salt tolerance amongst members of the triticeae, with the tribe even containing a number of halophytes. this is a review of what is known of the differences in salt tolerance of selected species in this tribe of grasses, and the potential to use wild species to improve salt tolerance in wheat. most investigators have concentrated on differences in ion accumulation in leaves, describing a desirable phenotype with low leaf na+ concentration and a high k+/na+ ra ... | 2006 | 16513812 |
| uptake, translocation and metabolism of the herbicide florasulam in wheat and broadleaf weeds. | florasulam is a triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide post-emergence broadleaf herbicide for use in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the selectivity of florasulam to wheat has been determined to be related primarily to a differential rate of metabolism between wheat with a half-life of 2.4 h and broadleaf weeds with half-lives ranging from 19 to >48 h. to a lesser extent, selectivity, at least for the broadleaf weed cleavers (galium aparine l.), involves uptake differences. rate of metabolism data were ... | 2006 | 16506146 |
| performance of wheat crops with different chromosome ploidy: root-sourced signals, drought tolerance, and yield performance. | pot-culture experiments were carried out to estimate the role of non-hydraulic root signals (nhrs) and the relation of these signals to drought tolerance and grain yield formation under drought stress in six wheat varieties. these were two modern hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l., aabbdd) plateau602 and longchun8139-2, two diploid wheat (triticum monococcum l., ab) mo1 and mo4, and two tetraploid wheat (triticum dicoccum schuebl l., aabb) dm22 and dm31. in the two diploid relatives, the nhrs ... | 2006 | 16506063 |
| phylogenetic relationships of triticum and aegilops and evidence for the origin of the a, b, and d genomes of common wheat (triticum aestivum). | common wheat (triticum aestivum) has for decades been a textbook example of the evolution of a major crop species by allopolyploidization. using a sophisticated extension of the pcr technique, we have successfully isolated two single-copy nuclear genes, dmc1 and ef-g, from each of the three genomes found in hexaploid wheat (ba(u)d) and from the two genomes of the tetraploid progenitor triticum turgidum (ba(u)). by subjecting these sequences to phylogenetic analysis together with sequences from r ... | 2006 | 16504543 |
| reactive oxygen species production in wheat roots is not linked with changes in h fluxes during acidic and aluminium stresses. | aluminium stress induces peroxidation of lipids in the plasma membrane, the effect akin to that caused by reactive oxygen species (ros). ros have recently been proposed as regulators of redox-dependent ion transport across the plasma membrane during biotic and abiotic stresses, thus contributing to the plant defence system. the aim of this study was to discover whether ros production is linked to redox-dependent h(+) transport system located at the plasma membranes of two near-isogenic lines of ... | 2006 | 19521479 |
| plasma membrane lipid alterations induced by cold acclimation and abscisic acid treatment of winter wheat seedlings differing in frost resistance. | cold acclimation of plants affects many aspects of metabolism. changes in plasma membrane lipids have always been considered to be important for development of frost resistance and survival at subzero temperatures. we studied different cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that differed in frost resistance induced either by cold acclimation or treatment with the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba). plasma membranes were isolated from non-acclimated and cold- as well as from aba-acclimat ... | 2007 | 16500724 |
| attempts to induce homoeologous pairing between wheat and agropyron cristatum genomes. | agropyron cristatum (2n = 4x = 28, pppp) possesses potentially valuable traits that could be used in wheat (triticum aestivum) improvement through interspecific hybridization. homoeologous pairing between wheat chromosomes and p chromosomes added to wheat in a set of wheat - a. cristatum addition lines was assessed. first, the ph-suppressing effect of p chromosomes (except 7p) was analyzed. it was concluded that this system is polygenic with no major gene, and consequently, has no prospect in th ... | 2006 | 16498469 |
| selective disruption of wheat secondary metabolism by herbicide safeners. | in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), treatment with herbicide safeners enhances the expression of enzymes involved in pesticide detoxification and reduces crop sensitivity to herbicides. since these same enzymes are involved in plant secondary metabolism, it was of interest to determine whether or not the safener cloquintocet mexyl perturbed phenolic metabolism in wheat seedlings. lc/esi/ms analysis identified 14 phenolic substrates in the shoots of young wheat plants. fragmentation imposed by colli ... | 2006 | 16494903 |
| disturbance of chlorophyll formation at the level of 5-aminolevulinic acid and mg-containing porphyrin synthesis in isogenic lines of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) marked with genes cn-a1 and cn-d1. | | 2017 | 16485648 |
| [molecular cloning of a novel low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit gene from wheat variety "chuanmai 42"]. | using pcr-amplification method, the coding sequences of a novel low-molecular-weight glutenin (lmw-gs) gene, lmwcm42-1, was isolated from the genomic dna of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) variety 'chuanmai 42'. the full coding region of this gene consisted of 846 nucleotides, and encoded a protein with 281 amino acids. lmwcm42-1 is a typical low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) gene. in spite of high similarity with the known lmw-gss, lmwcm42-1 was quite different from the known lmw-gs i ... | 2006 | 16469718 |
| molecular characterization of ph1 as a major chromosome pairing locus in polyploid wheat. | the foundation of western civilization owes much to the high fertility of bread wheat, which results from the stability of its polyploid genome. despite possessing multiple sets of related chromosomes, hexaploid (bread) and tetraploid (pasta) wheat both behave as diploids at meiosis. correct pairing of homologous chromosomes is controlled by the ph1 locus. in wheat hybrids, ph1 prevents pairing between related chromosomes. lack of ph1 activity in diploid relatives of wheat suggests that ph1 aros ... | 2006 | 16467840 |
| two recessive genes controlling thermophotoperiod-sensitive male sterility in wheat. | male sterility of wheat-breeding line 337s (triticum aestivum l.) is sensitive to both short day-length/low temperature and long day-length/high temperature. 337s was crossed with the common wheat variety, huamai no. 8 and the f1 was highly fertile. the f2 population segregated in a 15:1 ratio for fertility/sterility in 243 individuals under long day-length/high-temperature. the two thermophotoperiod-responsive male sterile genes were mapped to chromosomes 5b and 2b using simple sequence repeat ... | 2006 | 16465548 |
| ssr-based linkage map with new markers using an intraspecific population of common wheat. | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) are valuable molecular markers in many plant species. in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.), which is characteristic of its large genomes and alloploidy, ssrs are one of the most useful markers. to increase ssr marker sources and construct an ssr-based linkage map of appropriate density, we tried to develop new ssr markers from ssr-enriched genomic libraries and the public database. ssrs having (ga)n and (gt)n motifs were isolated from enriched libraries, and di- ... | 2006 | 16450184 |
| comparison of the accumulation of (137)cs and (90)sr by six spring wheat varieties. | the uptake of (137)cs and (90)sr by six varieties of spring wheat (triticum aestivum) was compared in field trials on land contaminated by the chernobyl accident. all the experimental varieties are officially adopted for agricultural use in belarus and are used in large-scale production. under identical conditions of nutrition, the productivity of the varieties varied significantly by a factor of 1.3. the extent of (137)cs and (90)sr accumulation by wheat grain, quantified as the concentration r ... | 2006 | 16447064 |
| low-temperature tolerance and genetic potential in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): response to photoperiod, vernalization, and plant development. | it is frequently observed that winter habit types are more low-temperature (lt) tolerant than spring habit types. this raises the question of whether this is due to pleiotropic effects of the vernalization loci or to the linkage of lt-tolerance genes to these vernalization loci. reciprocal near-isogenic lines (nils) for alleles at the vrn-a1 locus, vrn-a1 and vrn-a1, determining spring and winter habit respectively, in two diverse genetic backgrounds of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were used to ... | 2006 | 16440213 |
| cytoskeleton reorganization and ultrastructural damage induced by gliadin in a three-dimensional in vitro model. | to evaluate the interplay between gliadin and lovo cells and the direct effect of gliadin on cytoskeletal patterns. | 2005 | 16437684 |
| use of flyash and biogas slurry for improving wheat yield and physical properties of soil. | this study explores the potential use of by-products of energy production, i.e., (i) flyash from coal-powered electricity generation and (ii) biogas slurry from agricultural waste treatment, as nutrient sources in agriculture. these residues are available in large amounts and their disposal is a major concern for the environment. as both residues contain considerable amounts of plant nutrients, their use as soil amendment may offer a promising win-win opportunity to improve crop production and, ... | 2005 | 16418901 |
| osmotic regulation of 10 wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes at soil water deficits. | drought is a worldwide problem, seriously influencing plant (crop) productivity. wheat is a stable food for 35% of the world population, moreover about 60% of land area on the globe belongs to arid and semi-arid zone. wheat drought resistance is a multi-gene-controlling quantitative character and wheat final production in field is realized mainly by physiological regulation under the condition of multi-environmental factor interaction. exploring drought resistance physiological mechanisms for di ... | 2006 | 16413760 |
| triticum aestivum shows a greater biomass response to a supply of aluminium phosphate than lupinus albus, despite releasing fewer carboxylates into the rhizosphere. | the relationship between carboxylate release and the ability of plants to access phosphorus from alpo4 and to detoxify aluminium was studied by comparing species with a low and high rate of carboxylate release, triticum aestivum (wheat) and lupinus albus (white lupin), respectively. species were supplied with p at 10, 20, 40 or 100 mg p kg-1 sand in the form of sparingly soluble alpo4 or soluble kh2po4; control plants did not receive any p. triticum aestivum was significantly better than l. albu ... | 2006 | 16411954 |
| combined agronomic and physiological aspects of nitrogen management in wheat highlight a central role for glutamine synthetase. | in wheat the period of grain filling is characterized by a transition for all vegetative organs from sink to source status. to study this transition, the progression of physiological markers and enzyme activities representative of nitrogen metabolism was monitored from the vegetative stage to maturity in different leaf stages and stem sections of two wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars grown at high and low levels of n fertilization. in the two cultivars examined, we found a general decrease of ... | 2006 | 16411930 |
| water uptake by roots of hordeum marinum: formation of a barrier to radial o2 loss does not affect root hydraulic conductivity. | the adventitious roots of hordeum marinum grown in stagnant deoxygenated solution contain a barrier to radial o2 loss (rol) in basal zones, whereas roots of plants grown in aerated solution do not. the present experiments assessed whether induction of the barrier to rol influences root hydraulic conductivity (lpr). wheat (triticum aestivum) was also studied since, like h. marinum, this species forms aerenchyma in stagnant conditions, but does not form a barrier to rol. plants were grown in eithe ... | 2006 | 16410258 |
| arabinoxylan and (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-glucan deposition in cell walls during wheat endosperm development. | arabinoxylans (ax) and (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-glucans are major components of wheat endosperm cell walls. their chemical heterogeneity has been described but little is known about the sequence of their deposition in cell walls during endosperm development. the time course and pattern of deposition of the (1-->3) and (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-glucans and ax in the endosperm cell walls of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. recital) during grain development was studied using specific antibodies. at approxima ... | 2006 | 16404577 |
| alpha-gliadin genes from the a, b, and d genomes of wheat contain different sets of celiac disease epitopes. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is an important staple food. however, wheat gluten proteins cause celiac disease (cd) in 0.5 to 1% of the general population. among these proteins, the alpha-gliadins contain several peptides that are associated to the disease. | 2006 | 16403227 |
| mixed-model qtl mapping for kernel hardness and dough strength in bread wheat. | plant breeding data comprise unbalanced phenotypic data for inbreds with complex pedigrees. as traditional methods to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) cannot exploit plant breeding data, an alternative approach is qtl mapping via a mixed-model procedure. our objective was to validate mixed-model qtl mapping for self-pollinated crops by detecting qtl for kernel hardness and dough strength from data in a bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) breeding program. we studied 80 parental and 373 experimen ... | 2006 | 16402188 |
| alleviation of photoinhibition in drought-stressed wheat (triticum aestivum) by foliar-applied glycinebetaine. | effects of foliar application of 100 mmol/l glycinebetaine (gb) on ps ii photochemistry in wheat (triticum aestivum) flag leaves under drought stress combined with high irradiance were investigated. the results show that gb-treated plants maintained a higher net photosynthetic rate during drought stress than non-gb treated plants. exogenous gb can preserve the photochemical activity of psii, for gb-treated plants maintain higher maximal photochemistry efficiency of psii (f(v)/f(m)) and recover m ... | 2006 | 16399007 |
| [transmission of 5r chromosomes via gametes and its influence on spring bread wheat somatic embryoidogenesis in vitro]. | transmission of chromosomes 5r and 5a via gametes and its effect on somatic embryoidogenesis have been studied with the use of the model 5r(5a) substitution line l2837 = l503/secale cereale l., cultivar saratovskaya 5/l503, where l503 is a cultivar of spring bread wheat. it has been found that the frequencies of transmission of univalent chromosomes 5r and 5a determined in experiments on f1 reciprocal hybrids with cultivar saratovskaya 29 do not reflect their frequencies in the self-pollinated o ... | 2005 | 16396451 |
| [identification of 1al/1rs translocation in winter common wheat varieties of ukrainian selection]. | analysis of alcohol-soluble protein (gliadin) patterns of a group of winter common wheat varieties from different breeding centers of ukraine resulted in identification of six varieties with the rye 1al/1rs translocation. the line 7086 ar also carries this translocation. the identified 1al/1rs translocation is similar to that of the variety amigo in the secalin pattern. the appearance of this translocation in varieties developed in different breeding centers of the forest-steppe of ukraine indic ... | 2009 | 16396327 |
| chromosomal assignment and deletion mapping of barley est markers. | from about 10000 pcr-based est markers of barley we chose 1421 est markers that were demonstrated to be amplified differently by pcr between wheat (triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring) and barley (hordeum vulgare cv. betzes). we assigned them to the seven barley chromosomes (1h to 7h) by pcr analysis using a set of wheat-barley chromosome addition lines. we successfully assigned 701 (49.3%) est markers to the barley chromosomes: 75 to 1h, 127 to 2h, 119 to 3h, 94 to 4h, 108 to 5h, 81 to 6h and ... | 2005 | 16394587 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci controlling agronomic traits in the spring wheat cross rl4452x'ac domain'. | relatively little is known about the genetic control of agronomic traits in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) compared with traits that follow mendelian segregation patterns. a doubled-haploid population was generated from the cross rl4452x'ac domain' to study the inheritance of the agronomic traits: plant height, time to maturity, lodging, grain yield, test weight, and 1000-grain weight. this cross includes the genetics of 2 western canadian wheat marketing classes. composite interval mapping ... | 2005 | 16391693 |
| molecular characterization and mapping of almt1, the aluminium-tolerance gene of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the major aluminum (al) tolerance gene in wheat almt1 confers. an al-activated efflux of malate from root apices. we determined the genomic structure of the almt1 gene and found it consists of 6 exons interrupted by 5 introns. sequencing a range of wheat genotypes identified 3 alleles for almt1, 1 of which was identical to the almt1 gene from an aegilops tauschii accession. the almt1 gene was mapped to chromosome 4dl using 'chinese spring' deletion lines, and loss of almt1 coincided with the los ... | 2005 | 16391684 |
| heteroplasmy and paternally oriented shift of the organellar dna composition in barley-wheat hybrids during backcrosses with wheat parents. | mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (ct) genome inheritance was studied in barley-wheat hybrids, as were their progenies obtained from backcrosses with different common wheat cultivars, by monitoring the composition of 4 mtdna (coxi, a 5'-flanking region of cob, nad3-orf156, and 5'-upstream region of 18s/5s) and 2 ctdna (simple-sequence repeat locus downstream of trns and a 3'-flanking region of rbcl) loci. in male sterile f1 and bc1 plants, maternal barley mtdna fragments were mainly detected an ... | 2005 | 16391682 |
| the efficacy of cot-based gene enrichment in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we report the results of a study on the effectiveness of cot filtration (cf) in the characterization of the gene space of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), a large genome species (1c = 16,700 mb) of tremendous agronomic importance. using published cot data as a guide, 2 genomic libraries for hexaploid wheat were constructed from the single-stranded dna collected at cot values > 1188 and 1639 m x s. compared with sequences from a whole genome shotgun library from aegilops tauschii (the d genome ... | 2005 | 16391681 |
| molecular cytogenetic characterization of aegilops biuncialis and its use for the identification of 5 derived wheat-aegilops biuncialis disomic addition lines. | the aim of the experiments was to produce and identify different triticum aestivum-aegilops biuncialis disomic addition lines. to facilitate the exact identification of the ae. biuncialis chromosomes in these triticum aestivum-ae. biuncialis disomic additions, it was necessary to analyze the fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) pattern of ae. biuncialis (2n = 4x = 28, u(b)u(b)m(b)m(b)), comparing it with the diploid progenitors (aegilops umbellulata, 2n = 2x = 14, uu and aegilops comosa, 2n ... | 2005 | 16391676 |
| transferability of wheat microsatellites to diploid aegilops species and determination of chromosomal localizations of microsatellites in the s genome. | overall, 253 genomic wheat (triticum aestivum) microsatellite markers were studied for their transferability to the diploid species aegilops speltoides, aegilops longissima, and aegilops searsii, representing the s genome. in total, 88% of all the analyzed primer pairs of markers derived from the b genome of hexaploid wheat amplified dna fragments in the genomes of the studied species. the transferability of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers of the t. aestivum a and d genomes totaled 74%. tri ... | 2005 | 16391665 |
| effect of dissolved organic matter on the toxicity of chlorotoluron to triticum aestivum. | response of two wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum cv. ym 158 and nm 9) to the herbicide chlorotoluron and the effect of two forms of dissolved organic matter on the chlorotoluron toxicity to the plants were characterized. treatment with chlorotoluron at 10-50 microg/ml inhibited the seed germination and a dose-response was observed. the inhibition of seed germination was correlated to the depression of alpha-amylase activities. to identify whether chlorotoluron induced oxidative damage to wheat ... | 2006 | 20050556 |
| [the effect of phkl gene on homoeologous pairing of wheat-alien hybrids is situated between gene mutants of ph1 and ph2]. | in natural populations of common wheat landrace, there has a phkl gene promoting homoeologous pairing of wheat-alien hybrids. in this study, the effects were compared among phkl, ph1b, ph2a and ph2b on homoeologous pairing of wheat-alien hybrids. the effects were indicated as ph1b > phkl > ph2b > ph2a, i. e. phkl gene was situated between gene mutants of ph1 and ph2. | 2005 | 16378942 |
| quantitative trait loci for yield and related traits in the wheat population ning7840 x clark. | grain yield and associated agronomic traits are important factors in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) improvement. knowledge regarding the number, genomic location, and effect of quantitative trait loci (qtl) would facilitate marker-assisted selection and the development of cultivars with desirable characteristics. our objectives were to identify qtls directly and indirectly affecting grain yield expression. a population of 132 f12 recombinant inbred lines (rils) was derived by single-seed descent f ... | 2006 | 16369760 |
| bread wheat varieties as influenced by different nitrogen levels. | experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different nitrogen levels on four bread wheat varieties (triticum aestivum l.) viz. inqilab-91, daman-98, dera-98 and punjab-96 at gomal university, dera ismail khan (nwfp), pakistan during 2000 approximatey 2001. the experiment was laid out in split plot design having four replications using a net plot size of 2 m x 5 m. nitrogen doses used were 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha. the results showed that different nitrogen levels had significant ef ... | 2006 | 16365929 |
| identification of glu-b1-1 as a candidate gene for the quantity of high-molecular-weight glutenin in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by means of an association study. | a previous study in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) identified two candidate genes controlling a quantitative trait locus (qtl) for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) glubx. these candidates were glu-b1-1, the structural gene coding for glu1bx, and the b homoeologous gene coding for spa (spa-b), a seed storage protein activator. the goal of this study was to identify the best candidate gene for this qtl. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are an abundant source of dna polymorphisms ... | 2006 | 16362275 |
| growth and cell wall properties of two wheat cultivars differing in their sensitivity to aluminum stress. | the present study was conducted to investigate the cell wall properties in two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars differing in their sensitivity to al stress. seedlings of al-resistant, inia66 and al-sensitive, kalyansona cultivars were grown in complete nutrient solutions for 4 days and then subjected to treatment solutions containing al (0, 50 microm) in a 0.5 mm cacl(2) solution at ph 4.5 for 24 h. root elongation was inhibited greatly by the al treatment in the al-sensitive cultivar comp ... | 2006 | 16360802 |
| [response of winter wheat to cold: production of phenolic compounds and l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity]. | the formation of soluble and polymeric (lignin) phenolic compounds, activity of l-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal, ec 4.3.1.5), and content of free l-phenylalanine during cold hardening of winter wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.) were studied. cold treatment increased accumulation of soluble phenolic compounds in leaves while not affecting the content of lignin. the opposite was observed in tillering nodes. the activity of pal was lower than in control plants in both tissues, and the content ... | 2013 | 16358760 |
| analysis and mapping of randomly chosen bacterial artificial chromosome clones from hexaploid bread wheat. | the current view of wheat genome composition is that genes are compartmentalized into gene-rich and gene-poor regions. this model can be tested by analyzing randomly selected bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones for gene content, followed by placement of these bacs onto physical and genetic maps. map localization could be difficult for bacs that consist entirely of repeated elements. we therefore developed a technique where repeat junctions are used to generate unique markers. four bac c ... | 2005 | 16357197 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of puroindoline a and b alleles in chinese landraces and historical cultivars. | kernel hardness that is conditioned by puroindoline genes has a profound effect on milling, baking and end-use quality of bread wheat. in this study, 219 landraces and 166 historical cultivars from china and 12 introduced wheats were investigated for their kernel hardness and puroindoline alleles, using molecular and biochemical markers. the results indicated that frequencies of soft, mixed and hard genotypes were 42.7, 24.3, and 33.0%, respectively, in chinese landraces and 45.2, 13.9, and 40.9 ... | 2006 | 16344983 |
| development and qtl assessment of triticum aestivum-aegilops tauschii introgression lines. | a set of 84 bread wheat lines, each containing a single homozygous introgression of the aegilops tauschii genome was produced in the 'chinese spring' background via backcrossing of the d-genome chromosome substitution lines 'chinese spring'/sears's 'synthetic 6x' with the recurrent parent and subsequent selfing. the development of the lines was accompanied by microsatellite marker assisted selection. with the exception of three telomeric regions at chromosomes 1dl, 4dl and 7ds, and a region of l ... | 2006 | 16341683 |
| transcriptome analysis of salinity stress responses in common wheat using a 22k oligo-dna microarray. | in this study, we constructed a 22k wheat oligo-dna microarray. a total of 148,676 expressed sequence tags of common wheat were collected from the database of the wheat genomics consortium of japan. these were grouped into 34,064 contigs, which were then used to design an oligonucleotide dna microarray. following a multistep selection of the sense strand, 21,939 60-mer oligo-dna probes were selected for attachment on the microarray slide. this 22k oligo-dna microarray was used to examine the tra ... | 2006 | 16328439 |
| [genetic analysis of anthocyanin of the anthers and culm pigmentation in common wheat]. | anthocyanin pigmentation of various organs develops during plant ontogeny in response to adverse and damaging abiotic and biotic stressors (environmental factors). using the monosome method, the genes responsible for anther and culm anthocyanin pigmentation (pan1 and pc2, respectively) were localized to 7d chromosome in introgressive lines from crosses between common wheat triticum aestivum l. and the species triticum timopheevii zhuk. genetic analysis of ten common wheat genotypes using testers ... | 2005 | 16316016 |
| alien dna introgression and wheat dna rearrangements in a stable wheat line derived from the early generation of distant hybridization. | polyploidy has been found to be common in plants. bread or common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n=42) is a good example of allopolyploid made up of three diploid genomes a, b and d. in recent years, by the study of mimicking the origination of common wheat, it was found that changes of dna sequence and gene expression occurred at the early stages of artificial allohexaploid between tetraploid wheat and aegilops tauschii, which was probably favorable to genetic diploidization of new synthetic hex ... | 2005 | 16315593 |
| differential expression of manganese superoxide dismutase sequence variants in near isogenic lines of wheat during cold acclimation. | numerous sequence variants of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) manganese superoxide dismutase (mnsod) genes have been found. quantitative real-time pcr was used to measure the expression levels of three mnsod genes distinguished by a variable amino acid, and three genes distinguished by sequence variation in the 3' untranslated region (3' utr), in wheat plants grown at 20 degrees c and cold-acclimated for 1-4 weeks at 2 degrees c. the amino acid variants did not differ significantly in expression le ... | 2006 | 16308702 |
| dgge fragments oscillate with or counter to fluctuations in cultivable bacteria along wheat roots. | previously, we showed that bacterial populations oscillate in response to a moving substrate source such as a root tip, resulting in moving wavelike distributions along roots. for this article, we investigated if bacterial communities fluctuate as a whole or if there is a succession in bacterial composition from peak to peak or within peaks. rhizosphere microbial communities along roots of wheat triticum aestivum l. were studied in detail (20-25 rhizosphere and bulk soil samples along the total ... | 2005 | 16307384 |
| expression profile of two storage-protein gene families in hexaploid wheat revealed by large-scale analysis of expressed sequence tags. | to discern expression patterns of individual storage-protein genes in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum cv chinese spring), we analyzed comprehensive expressed sequence tags (ests) of common wheat using a bioinformatics technique. the gene families for alpha/beta-gliadins and low molecular-weight glutenin subunit were selected from the est database. the alignment of these genes enabled us to trace the single nucleotide polymorphism sites among both genes. the combinations of single nucleotide p ... | 2005 | 16306141 |
| cloning and characterization of wheat pdi (protein disulfide isomerase) homoeologous genes and promoter sequences. | the genomic and cdna sequences of three pdi homoeologous genes located on chromosomes 4a, 4b and 4d of bread wheat and their promoters were cloned and sequenced. the three sequences showed a very high conservation of the coding region and of the exon/intron structure, which consisted of ten exons. the comparison of wheat sequences with those of rice and arabidopsis showed a significant conservation of the exon/intron structure across the three species. the expression of each gene was analysed by ... | 2006 | 16289628 |
| [sequence analysis of alpha-amylase inhibitors genes with resistance to insects in wheat and aegilops]. | the alpha-amylase inhibitors have been proposed as possibly important weapons against pests. thus, it is of importance to identify the specificity of them. based on the est data of alpha-amylase inhibitor genes that were retrieved from ncbi, bbsrc and graingenes, two pcr primers were designed. the coding sequences of 24 kd dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitors with resistance to insects in 17 wheat and aegilops accessions were investigated and 17 new genes were obtained. only one 24 kd alpha-amylase ... | 2005 | 16285514 |
| variations in a hotspot region of chloroplast dnas among common wheat and aegilops revealed by nucleotide sequence analysis. | the second largest bamhi fragment (b2) of the chloroplast dna in triticum (wheat) and aegilops contains a highly variable region (a hotspot), resulting in four types of b2 of different size, i.e. b2l (10.5kb), b2m (10.2kb), b2 (9.6kb) and b2s (9.4kb). in order to gain a better understanding of the molecular nature of the variations in length and explain unexpected identity among b2 of ae. ovata, ae. speltoides and common wheat (t. aestivum), the nucleotide sequence between a stop codon of rbcl a ... | 2005 | 16284421 |
| cytological characteristics of f2 hybrids between triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf. with reference to wheat breeding. | cytological and agronomic characteristics of a f2 population from triticum aestivum l. x t. durum desf. hybrids were analyzed plant by plant. means of morphologic traits in the f2 population were similar to those of the low-value parent. on average, f2 hybrids had 36.54 chromosomes per plant, indicating that each gamete lost 2.73 chromosomes at meiosis of the f1 generation. more than half of plants had 36-39 chromosomes, so male gametes with 19-21 chromosomes seemed to be superior to the others. ... | 2005 | 16278508 |
| pstiaflp based markers for leaf rust resistance genes in common wheat. | the aim of the present study was to detect candidate dna markers for selected leaf rust resistance genes. a total number of 286 loci in the 'thatcher' near-isogenic lines carrying resistance gene lr1, lr9, lr10, lr13, lr19, lr21, lr24, lr26, lr28, lr35, and lr37 were screened for dna polymorphism by the pstiaflp method. a survey with 33 selective primers yielded 16 candidate markers. further validation studies on cultivars characterized for the presence and absence of selected resistance genes c ... | 2005 | 16278507 |
| isolation of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides). | three low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes, designated lmw-td1, lmw-td2 and lmw-td3, were isolated from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides), which is the tetraploid progenitor of common wheat (t. aestivum). the complete nucleotide sequence lengths of lmw-td1, lmw-td2 and lmw-td3 are 858, 900 and 1062 bp, respectively. lmw-td1 and lmw-td3 can encode proteins with 284 and 352 amino acid residues, respectively, whereas lmw-td2 is a putative pseudogene due to the presence of 3 in ... | 2005 | 16278506 |
| isolation and characterization of 18 genes encoding alpha- and beta-expansins in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | expansins are thought to be key regulators of cell wall extension during plant growth. in this study, we isolated 18 expansin genes from wheat, nine of which encode alpha-expansins while the other nine code for beta-expansins. the cysteine-rich and tryptophan-rich regions of the deduced amino acid sequences of all 18 expansins were highly conserved. genomic sequences were obtained for 17 of the genes, and their intron patterns were determined. four (a, c, d, e) of the six intron positions known ... | 2005 | 16270219 |
| genetic characterization of asymmetric somatic hybrids between bupleurum scorzonerifolium willd and triticum aestivum l.: potential application to the study of the wheat genome. | in this paper, we describe how bupleurum scorzonerifolium/triticum aestivum asymmetric somatic hybrids can be exploited to study the wheat genome. protoplasts of b. scorzonerifolium willd were irradiated with ultraviolet light (uv) and fused with protoplasts of common wheat (t. aestivum l.). all cell clones were similar in appearance to those of b. scorzonerifolium, while the regenerated plantlets were either intermediate or b. scorzonerifolium-like. genotypic screening using isozymes showed tha ... | 2006 | 16270205 |
| three genomes differentially contribute to the biosynthesis of benzoxazinones in hexaploid wheat. | hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) accumulates benzoxazinones (bxs) as defensive compounds. previously, we found that five bx biosynthetic genes, tabx1-tabx5, are located on each of the three genomes (a, b, and d) of hexaploid wheat. in this study, we isolated three homoeologous cdnas of each tabx gene to estimate the contribution of individual homoeologous tabx genes to the biosynthesis of bxs in hexaploid wheat. we analyzed their transcript levels by homoeolog- or genome-specific quantitative ... | 2005 | 16260753 |
| [effects of environmental factors on cd biotoxicity and phytochelatins production in triticum aestivum]. | in this paper, a solution culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of environmental factors on cd biotoxicity and phytochelatins (pcs) production in wheat. the results showed that cd stress had significant inhibitory effects on wheat growth and pcs overproduction. the cd biotoxicity and cd uptake by wheat were affected in varying degrees by soil ph, ca and s, and the levels of pcs production in root were consistent with the changes of cd biotoxicity. furthermore, the cd biotoxicity ... | 2005 | 16252884 |
| genetic analysis of the t. aestivum/ae. sharonensis introgressive lines of common wheat for resistance to powdery mildew. | results of investigation of peculiarities of common wheat hybridological analysis for a discrete character, resistance for powdery mildew, governed by the alien gene from ae. sharonensis are present. relation between genome structure of crossed introgressive lines and deviation of empirical ratios of segregation in f2 from theoretical, based on the assumption about monogenic inheritance of considered character is established. the approach to the quantitative count of influence of such connection ... | 2008 | 16250248 |
| [molecular-genetic analysis of wheat (t. aestivum l.) genome with introgression of ae. cylindrica host genetic elements]. | wheat-aegilops hybrid plants triticum aestivum l. (2n = 42) x aegilops cylindrica host (2n = 28) were investigated with using microsatellite markers. in two bc1f9 lines some genome modifications connected with losing dna fragments of initial variety or appearing of aegilops genome elements were detected. in some investigated hybrids new amplicons lacking in parental plants were found. substitution of wheat chromosomes for aegilops chromosomes was not revealed. analysis of microsatellite loci in ... | 2008 | 16250247 |
| isolation and characterization of tadof1 transcription factor in wheat (triticum. aestivum. l). | the dof (dna binding with one finger) proteins are plant specific transcription factors. dof proteins are apparently encoded by a multiple gene family in higher plants. however, only one dof gene, wpbf, was reported in wheat. in this study, a member of dof gene family, tadof1, was cloned from wheat. tadof1 encode 291 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of 30.348 kda. at its n-terminal end, a 52 amino acid stretch typical of dof domain and two serine-rich stretches were observed. sequenc ... | 2005 | 16243726 |
| [molecular analysis of the triticale lines with different vrn gene systems using microsatellite markers and hybridization in situ]. | hexaploid triticale (x triticosecale wittmack) lines were examined using molecular markers and the hybridization in situ technique. triticale lines were generated based on wheat varieties differing by the vrn gene systems and the earing times. molecular analysis was performed using xgwm and xrms microsatellite markers with the known chromosomal localization in the common wheat triticum aestivum, and rye secale cereale genomes. comparative molecular analysis of triticale lines and their parental ... | 2005 | 16240635 |
| two plant puroindolines colocalize in wheat seed and in vitro synergistically fight against pathogens. | puroindolines, for years largely investigated for their involvement in wheat kernel hardness, have recently attracted attention thanks to their possible role as antimicrobial proteins. with the aim to enhance our knowledge of these proteins we studied their localization in the kernel, and their antimicrobial activity in vitro against six different bacterial strains. immunolocalization showed that both the pins are strongly concentrated in the aleurone layer, but also highly present in the endosp ... | 2005 | 16240178 |
| differential mrna stability to endogenous ribonucleases of the coding region and 3' untranslated regions of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) manganese superoxide dismutase genes. | the sequences of the 3' untranslated region (utr) of the manganese superoxide dismutase (mnsod) genes in wheat (triticum aestivum) were found to be quite variable with different predicted thermostabilities. the degradation rates of the 3' utr variants and the coding region were measured following exposure to endogenous nucleases. the degradation rates of the 3' utr variants for 15 min were not significantly different, meaning the degradation rates of the 3' utr variants were not directly related ... | 2006 | 16240120 |
| [relationship of microtubule and [ca2+]cyt in wheat mesophyll protoplast]. | by using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the fluo-3am of ca2+ fluorescein, wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars lovrin 10 was selected as mesophyll protoplast material in this paper for studying the relationship between the pattern of microtubule and [ca2+]cyt. laser scanning confocal microscopy(lscm) was used and pharmacologic examination was set. the results indicated there was a connection between calcium signaling and microtubule organization in wheat mesophyll protoplast ... | 2005 | 16231700 |
| an alternative to radiation hybrid mapping for large-scale genome analysis in barley. | the presence of a monosomic gametocidal chromosome (gc) in a barley chromosome addition line of common wheat generates structural aberrations in the barley chromosome as well as in the wheat chromosomes of gametes lacking the gc. a collection of structurally aberrant barley chromosomes is analogous to a panel of radiation hybrid (rh) mapping and is valuable for high-throughput physical mapping. we developed 90 common wheat lines (gc lines) containing aberrant barley 7h chromosomes induced by a g ... | 2005 | 16231150 |
| spatiotemporal distribution of free and bound forms of abscisic acid in ovaries of triticum aestivum l. and taraxacum officinale web. at the beginning of embryogenesis. | | 2013 | 16229138 |
| adp/atp and protein phosphorylation dependence of phototransformable protochlorophyllide in isolated etioplast membranes. | the effects of modulated adp/atp and nadph/nadp(+) ratios, and of protein kinase inhibitors, on the in vitro reformation of phototransformable protochlorophyllide, i.e. the aggregated ternary complexes between nadph, protochlorophyllide, and nadph-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (por, ec 1.3.1.33), in etioplast membranes isolated from dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum) were investigated. low temperature fluorescence emission spectra (-196 degrees c) were used to determine the state of the p ... | 2000 | 16228451 |
| acclimation response of spring wheat in a free-air co(2) enrichment (face) atmosphere with variable soil nitrogen regimes. 3. canopy architecture and gas exchange. | the response of whole-canopy net co(2) exchange rate (cer) and canopy architecture to co(2) enrichment and n stress during 1996 and 1997 for open-field-grown wheat ecosystem (triticum aestivum l. cv. yecora rojo) are described. every control (c) and face (f) co(2) treatment (defined as ambient and ambient +200 mumol mol(-1), respectively) contained a low- and high-n treatment. low-n treatments constituted initial soil content amended with supplemental nitrogen applied at a rate of 70 kg n ha(-1) ... | 2000 | 16228413 |
| acclimation response of spring wheat in a free-air co(2) enrichment (face) atmosphere with variable soil nitrogen regimes. 2. net assimilation and stomatal conductance of leaves. | atmospheric co(2) concentration continues to rise. it is important, therefore, to determine what acclimatory c hanges will occur within the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. yecora rojo) grown in a future high-co(2) world at ample and limited soil n contents. wheat was grown in an open field exposed to the co(2) concentration of ambient air [370 mumol (co(2)) mol(-1); control] and air enriched to approximately 200 mumol (co(2)) mol(-1) above ambient using a free-air co( ... | 2000 | 16228412 |
| regeneration of asymmetric somatic hybrid plants from the fusion of two types of wheat with russian wildrye. | two types of protoplasts of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. jinan 177) were used in fusion experiments--cha9, with a high division frequency, and 176, with a high regeneration frequency. the fusion combination of either cha9 or 176 protoplasts with russian wildrye protoplasts failed to produce regenerated calli. when a mixture of cha9 and 176 protoplasts were fused with those of russian wildrye, 14 fusion-derived calli were produced, of which seven differentiated into green plants and two differ ... | 2004 | 16228262 |
| intracellular fitc-derivatization with peg. | in order to investigate the amino acids (aas) in plant cells, we explore an avenue for intracellular derivatization with fitc. in this method, fitc was used to mark aas in living protoplasts derived from embryogenic calli of common wheat (triticum aestivum l. c.v. jinan 177) mediated by peg. after fitc-derivatization, the aas in the lysate were determined by ce. the result reveals that this peg method can be used to transfer fitc into plant cells efficiently, which provides a good method for aa ... | 2005 | 16217827 |
| root distribution and interactions between intercropped species. | even though ecologists and agronomists have considered the spatial root distribution of plants to be important for interspecific interactions in natural and agricultural ecosystems, few experimental studies have quantified patterns of root distribution dynamics and their impacts on interspecific interactions. a field experiment was conducted to investigate the relationship between root distribution and interspecific interactions between intercropped plants. roots were sampled twice by auger and ... | 2006 | 16211394 |