| quantitative expression analysis of selected cor genes reveals their differential expression in leaf and crown tissues of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) during an extended low temperature acclimation regimen. | a number of cor genes (cold-regulated genes) have been implicated in the acquisition of low temperature (lt) tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). this study compared the relative expression patterns of selected cor genes in leaf and crown tissues of wheat near-isogenic lines to increase understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying lt acclimation. reciprocal near-isogenic lines were generated such that the dominant vrn-a1 and recessive vrn-a1 loci were interchanged in a spring cv. m ... | 2008 | 18508811 |
| polyphenol oxidase from wheat bran is a serpin. | polyphenol oxidase (ppo; ec 1.10.3.2) was isolated from wheat bran by a procedure that included ammonium sulfate fractionation, batch adsorption by deae-cellulofine, cm-cellulofine column chromatography, deae-cellulofine column chromatography, preparative isoelectric focusing, adsorption on the membrane of a vivapure q maxi h spin column, and heat treatment. these procedures led to 150-fold purification with 4.2% recovery. the ppo was homogeneous by sds/page. the relative molecular weight of the ... | 2008 | 18506224 |
| identification and mapping of pm2026: a recessive powdery mildew resistance gene in an einkorn (triticum monococcum l.) accession. | triticum monococcum accession ta2026 showed resistance to wheat powdery mildew. to identify the resistance gene and transfer it to common wheat, genetic analysis and molecular mapping were conducted using an f2 population and derived f3 families from the cross of ta2026xm389. the results indicated that ta2026 possessed a recessive powdery mildew resistance gene. this gene was mapped to the terminal portion of chromosome 5aml and flanked by ssr marker loci xcfd39 and xgwm126. eight rflp markers p ... | 2008 | 18504540 |
| physical organisation of simple sequence repeats (ssrs) in triticeae: structural, functional and evolutionary implications. | a significant fraction of the nuclear dna of all eukaryotes is occupied by simple sequence repeats (ssrs) or microsatellites. this type of sequence has sparked great interest as a means of studying genetic variation, linkage mapping, gene tagging and evolution. although ssrs at different positions in a gene help determine the regulation of expression and the function of the protein produced, little attention has been paid to the chromosomal organisation and distribution of these sequences, even ... | 2008 | 18504349 |
| detection of quantitative trait loci for heading date based on the doubled haploid progeny of two elite chinese wheat cultivars. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) with epistatic and qtl x environment (qe) interaction for heading date were studied using a doubled haploid (dh) population containing 168 progeny lines derived from a cross between two elite chinese wheat cultivars huapei 3 x yumai 57 (triticum aestivum l.). a genetic map was constructed based on 305 marker loci, consisting of 283 ssr loci and 22 est-ssr markers, which covered a total length of 2141.7 cm with an average distance of 7.02 cm between adjacent markers ... | 2009 | 18500653 |
| [the effect of biologically active substances from coniferous plants on the l-phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase activities in wheat leaves]. | the effect of the preparations produced from needles and wood of various coniferous species on the activities of l-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal; ec 4.3.1.5) and peroxidase (po; ec 1.11.1.7), the enzymes involved in the development of plant defense response, was studied. it was demonstrated that treatment of soft wheat (triticum aestivum l.) primary leaves with biological preparations produced from coniferous plants caused a transient increase in pal and po activities. the induction of these ... | 2009 | 18491609 |
| high level of conservation between genes coding for the gamyb transcription factor in barley (hordeum vulgare l.) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) collections. | the transcription factor gamyb is involved in gibberellin signalling in cereal aleurone cells and in plant developmental processes. nucleotide diversity of hvgamyb and tagamyb was investigated in 155 barley (hordeum vulgare) and 42 wheat (triticum aestivum) accessions, respectively. polymorphisms defined 18 haplotypes in the barley collection and 1, 7 and 3 haplotypes for the a, b, and d genomes of wheat, respectively. we found that (1) hv- and tagamyb genes have identical structures. (2) both g ... | 2008 | 18488187 |
| [isolation and characterization of a low molecular weight glutenin gene from taenitherum nevski]. | more and more low-molecular-weight glutenin(lmw glutenin) genes were isolated and characterized from hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). however, few homologous genes were obtained from its relative species, which limited our understanding of the relationships among them. therefore, it is necessary to isolate lmw glutenin homologous genes from wheat wild relative species. using a pair of specific oligonucleotide pcr primers for taenitherum genomic dna, a lmw glutenin gene sequence, with nucl ... | 2008 | 18487155 |
| [comparison of eddy covariance and static chamber/gas chromatogram methods in measuring ecosystem respiration]. | based on the measurement of carbon flux by the methods of eddy covariance and static chamber/gas chromatogram, a comparison was made between the two methods in evaluating ecosystem respiration over winter wheat (triticum aestivum)--summer maize (zea mays) double cropland and kobresia humilis alpine meadow. the results showed that under the conditions of obtained data having good quality, nighttime ecosystem respiration from eddy covariance measurement was significantly agreed with that from stat ... | 2008 | 18472446 |
| root tip cell cycle synchronization and metaphase-chromosome isolation suitable for flow sorting in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | an efficient procedure for cell-cycle synchronization in meristematic root tips was achieved in common wheat. treatment parameters for synchronizing the cell cycle of root tip meristem cells, such as time-course and applied concentrations of various chemicals, were systematically tested and optimized by flow cytometric analysis of isolated nuclei. high mitotic indices (69.5% in the root tip meristematic area) were routinely obtained by treating germinating seeds with 1.25 mm hydroxyurea for 16 h ... | 1997 | 18464853 |
| identification of the entire chromosome complement of bread wheat by two-colour fish. | using the aegilops tauschii clone pas1 together with the barley clone phvg38 for two-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) the entire chromosome complement of hexaploid wheat was identified. the combination of the two probes allowed easy discrimination of the three genomes of wheat. the banding pattern obtained with the phvg38 probe containing the gaa-satellite sequence was identical to the n-banding pattern of wheat. a detailed idiogram was constructed, including 73 gaa bands and 48 ... | 1997 | 18464850 |
| fumigation of wheat using liquid ethyl formate plus methyl isothiocyanate in 50-tonne farm bins. | australian standard white wheat, triticum aestivum l. (a marketing grade with mixed grain hardness),with a moisture content of 12.5% was fumigated with a new ethyl formate formulation (95% ethyl formate plus 5% methyl isothiocyanate) identified and developed by commonwealth scientific and industrial research organization entomology, canberra, australia. wheat was fumigated with the formulation at a calculated application rate of 80 g/m3 in two 50-tonne sealed metal vertical silos located at fish ... | 2008 | 18459432 |
| transcript expression profile of water-limited roots of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum 'opata'). | triticum aestivum 'opata' is an elite hard red spring wheat that has been used as a parent of the itmi (international triticeae mapping inititative) mapping population and also in the production of synthetically derived hexaploid wheats, some of which (following selection) show increased drought tolerance relative to opata. here, we describe the response of opata roots to water withholding, using physiological variables and oligonucleotide microarrays. we identified 394 distinct transcripts whos ... | 2008 | 18438439 |
| a high-density intervarietal map of the wheat genome enriched with markers derived from expressed sequence tags. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is a hexaploid species with a large and complex genome. a reference genetic marker map, namely the international triticeae mapping initiative (itmi) map, has been constructed with the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross involving a synthetic line. but it is not sufficient for a full understanding of the wheat genome under artificial selection without comparing it with intervarietal maps. using an intervarietal mapping population derived by c ... | 2008 | 18437345 |
| genetic mapping of a mutant gene producing three pistils per floret in common wheat. | a common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mutation that produces 3 pistils (tp) per floret may result in formation of up to 3 kernels per floret. the tp trait may be important for increasing the number of grains per spike and for improving the yield potential through breeding. this trait is determined by the dominant pis1 gene. genetic mapping of pis1 involved 234 microsatellite markers and bulk segregant analysis of a cross of the tp line with novosibirskaya 67. the pis1 gene is located on chromoso ... | 2008 | 18436987 |
| metabolic pathways of the wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm amyloplast revealed by proteomics. | by definition, amyloplasts are plastids specialized for starch production. however, a proteomic study of amyloplasts isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum butte 86) endosperm at 10 days after anthesis (dpa) detected enzymes from many other metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. to better understand the role of amyloplasts in food production, the data from that study were evaluated in detail and an amyloplast metabolic map was outlined. | 2008 | 18419817 |
| [effects of mono- and mixed culture on the grain yield and water use efficiency of two winter wheat cultivars]. | taking two winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars changwu 135 and pingliang 40 commonly cultivated in the semi-arid area on loess plateau as test materials, and by the method of ecological replacement, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of mono- and mixed culture on the grain yield and water use efficiency of the cultivars. the results showed that under mono-culture, pingliang 40 had a much higher unit area root biomass (367.60 g x m(-2)) than changwu 135 (297.31 ... | 2008 | 18419078 |
| a diurnal component to the variation in sieve tube amino acid content in wheat. | we have used high-sensitivity capillary electrophoresis coupled to a laser-induced fluorescence detection method to quantify 16 amino acids in wheat (triticum aestivum) sieve tube (st) samples as small as 2 nl collected by severing the stylets of feeding aphids. the sensitivity of the method was sufficient to determine a quantitative amino acid profile of individual sts without the need to bulk samples to produce larger volumes for analysis. this allowed the observation of the full range of vari ... | 2008 | 18417638 |
| diversification of lrk/tak kinase gene clusters is associated with subfunctionalization and cultivar-specific transcript accumulation in barley. | lrk (lr10 receptor-like kinase) and tak (triticum aestivum kinase) belong to the receptor-like kinase (rlk) supergene family in higher plants. three lrk/tak gene regions spanning greater than 600 kb were identified via a genome-wide survey of barley gene-rich bac clones. two lrk/tak gene clusters are positioned on barley chromosome 3 (3h) and another is localized on chromosome 5 (1h), with each lrk and tak open reading frame physically positioned in a back-to-back orientation. thirteen new lrk/t ... | 2008 | 18414912 |
| [the effects of alien chromosomes on common wheat resistance to biotrophic fungal pathogens]. | effective, perhaps new genes of resistance to brown rust and powdery mildew expressed in common wheat genome in plant ontogenesis were revealed on additive chromosomes of aegilops searsii, aegilops longissima, secale montanum and elytrigia elongata. | 2008 | 18411754 |
| [construction and molecular and cytogenetic analyses of euploid (2n = 42) and telocentric addition (2n = 42 + 2t) alloplasmic lines (hordeum marinum subsp gussoneanum)-triticum aestivum]. | individual plants from the bc1f5 and bc1f6 backcross progenies of barley--wheat (= h. geniculatum all.) (2n = 28) x t. aestivum l. (2n = 42)] and the bc1f6 progeny of their amphiploids were used to obtain alloplasmic euploid (2n = 42) lines l-28, l-29, and l-49 and alloplasmic telocentric addition (2n = 42 + 2t) lines l-37, l-38, and l-50. the lines were examined by genomic in situ hybridization (gish), microsatellite analysis, chromosome c-banding, and pcr analysis of the mitochondrial 18s/5s r ... | 2008 | 18409390 |
| overexpression of the maize teosinte branched1 gene in wheat suppresses tiller development. | the number of viable shoots influences the overall architecture and productivity of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the development of lateral branches, or tillers, largely determines the resultant canopy. tillers develop from the outgrowth of axillary buds, which form in leaf axils at the crown of the plant. tiller number can be reduced if axillary buds are not formed or if the outgrowth of these buds is restricted. the teosinte branched1 (tb1) gene in maize, and homologs in rice and arabidopsis, ... | 2008 | 18392625 |
| microsatellite-based molecular diversity of bread wheat germplasm and association mapping of wheat resistance to the russian wheat aphid. | genetic diversity of a set of 71 wheat accessions, including 53 biotype 2 russian wheat aphid (rwa2)-resistant landraces and 18 rwa2 susceptible accessions, was assessed by examining molecular variation at multiple microsatellite (ssr) loci. fifty-one wheat ssr primer pairs were used, 81 ssr loci were determined, and 545 ssr alleles were detected. these ssr loci covered all the three genomes, 21 chromosomes, and at least 41 of the 42 chromosome arms. diversity values averaged over ssr loci were ... | 2009 | 18392559 |
| expression of the nuclear gene taf(a)d is under mitochondrial retrograde regulation in anthers of male sterile wheat plants with timopheevii cytoplasm. | alterations of mitochondrial-encoded subunits of the f(o)f(1)-atp synthase are frequently associated with cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) in plants; however, little is known about the relationship of the nuclear encoded subunits of this enzyme with cms. in the present study, the full cdna of the gene taf(a)d that encodes the putative f(a)d subunit of the f(o)f(1)-atp synthase was isolated from the wheat (triticum aestivum) fertility restorer '2114' for timopheevii cytoplasm-based cms. the deduc ... | 2008 | 18390847 |
| proteomic analysis on a high salt tolerance introgression strain of triticum aestivum/thinopyrum ponticum. | soil salinity is a major abiotic constraint to agricultural productivity. we successfully bred a new common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) introgression variety (shanrong no. 3) with high salt-tolerance via asymmetric somatic hybridization between common wheat cultivar (jinan 177) and uv-irradiated agropyron elongatum (thinopyrum ponticum podp). we report here a comparative proteomic analysis to investigate variety-specific and salt-responsive proteins between seedling-roots of shanrong no. 3 and ... | 2008 | 18383010 |
| dissection of rye chromosome 1r in common wheat. | rye chromosome 1r contains many agronomically useful genes. physical dissection of chromosome 1r into segments would be useful in mapping 1r-specific dna markers and in assembling dna clones into contig maps. we applied the gametocidal system to produce rearranged 1r chromosomes of imperial rye (1r(i)) added to common wheat. we identified rearranged 1r(i) chromosomes and established 55 1r(i) dissection lines of common wheat carrying a single rearranged 1r(i) chromosome. fifty-two of the rearrang ... | 2008 | 18379133 |
| dissection of rye b chromosomes, and nondisjunction properties of the dissected segments in a common wheat background. | the rye b chromosome is a supernumerary chromosome that increases in number in its host by directed postmeiotic drive. two types of rye b chromosomes that had been introduced into common wheat were dissected into separate segments by the gametocidal system to produce a number of rearranged b chromosomes, such as telosomes, terminal deletions and translocations with wheat chromosomes. a total of 13 dissected b chromosomes were isolated in common wheat, and were investigated for their nondisjuncti ... | 2008 | 18379131 |
| inducement of chromosome translocation with small alien segments by irradiating mature female gametes of the whole arm translocation line. | haynaldia villosa schur. (syn. dasypyrum villosum candargy, 2n=14, vv) has been proved to be an important genetic resource for wheat improvement. the development of translocation with small alien chromosome segments, especially interstitial translocation, will be helpful for better utilization of its useful genes. up to now, most of the reported triticum aestivum-h. villosa translocation lines are involved in a whole arm or large alien fragments. in this paper, we report a highly efficient appro ... | 2008 | 18368312 |
| cobalt(ii) coordination compounds of ethyl 4-methyl-5-imidazolecarboxylate: chemical and biochemical characterization on photosynthesis and seed germination. | in this work we present the synthesis, structural and spectroscopic characterization of co(2+) coordination compounds with ethyl 4-methyl-5-imidazolecarboxylate (emizco). the effects of emizco, the metal salts cocl(2).6h(2)o, cobr(2), co(no(3))(2).6h(2)o and their metal coordination compounds [co(emizco)(2)cl(2)], [co(emizco)(2) br(2)].h(2)o, [co(emizco)(2) (h(2)o)(2)(no(2))(2).2h(2)o were evaluated on photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts. seed germination and seedling growth of the monocotyle ... | 2005 | 18365092 |
| low-energy ion beam promotes the transcription and transposition of the copia-retrotransposons in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | ltr-retrotransposons are genetic elements having the direct long terminal repeats (ltrs). it can move via an rna intermediate within genomes and is an important fraction of eukaryote genomes. low-energy n(+) ion beam promoted the transcription of the copia-retransposons in those wheat (cv. 'zhoumai 16', which were radiated and allowed to grow for 24 h and 48 h from the planting. relative expression ratio of the copia-retransposons was elevated in different degrees (with a max 40 fold) in wheat p ... | 2007 | 18349504 |
| prairie grasses as hosts of the northern corn rootworm (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | we evaluated 27 prairie grass species thought to be among those dominant 200 yr ago in the northern midwest as larval hosts of the northern corn rootworm, diabrotica barberi smith and lawrence. maize (zea mays l.), spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and grain sorghum (sorghum bicolor l.) were included as controls for a total of 30 species. twenty pots of each species were planted in a randomized complete block design. each pot was infested 5 wk later with 20 neonate northern corn rootworm larv ... | 2008 | 18348817 |
| the q-type c2h2 zinc finger subfamily of transcription factors in triticum aestivum is predominantly expressed in roots and enriched with members containing an ear repressor motif and responsive to drought stress. | q-type c2h2 zinc finger proteins (zfps) form a subfamily of transcription factors that contain a plant-specific qalggh amino acid motif. a total of 47 expressed q-type c2h2 zinc finger genes in bread wheat (triticum aestivum) (designated tazfp) were identified from the current databases. protein sequence analysis for the presence of erf-associated amphiphilic repressor (ear) motif sequences from known transcriptional repressors revealed that 26% of the tazfp subfamily members contain an ear moti ... | 2008 | 18347915 |
| modeling the toxicity of copper and zinc salts to wheat in 14 soils. | interest is mounting in developing and utilizing soil-specific soil quality guidelines. this requires quantifying the effects that soil physicochemical properties have on various ecotoxicological endpoints, including phytotoxicity. to this end, 14 agricultural soils from australia with differing soil properties were spiked with copper (cu) and zinc (zn) salts and used to conduct 21-d plant growth inhibition tests using wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in pot trials. the toxicity of cu and zn was sim ... | 2008 | 18333681 |
| comparative mapping of hkt genes in wheat, barley, and rice, key determinants of na+ transport, and salt tolerance. | salt tolerance of plants depends on hkt transporters (high-affinity k(+) transporter), which mediate na(+)-specific transport or na(+)-k(+) co-transport. gene sequences closely related to rice hkt genes were isolated from hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum) or barley (hordeum vulgare) for genomic dna southern hybridization analysis. hkt gene sequences were mapped on chromosomal arms of wheat and barley using wheat chromosome substitution lines and barley-wheat chromosome addition lines. in ... | 2008 | 18325922 |
| genome-wide analysis for identification of salt-responsive genes in common wheat. | to identify salt-responsive genes in wheat, global expression analysis of transcripts was carried out using oligo-dna microarrays. microarrays have been designed from approximately 32,000 unique wheat genes classified from a large number of expressed sequence tags (ests). two-week-old seedlings of wheat were treated with 150 mm nacl for 1, 6, and 24 h, and their roots and shoots were separately subjected to analyses. consequently, 5,996 genes showed changes in expression of more than twofold and ... | 2008 | 18320247 |
| characterization of the nature of photosynthetic recovery of wheat seedlings from short-term dark heat exposures and analysis of the mode of acclimation to different light intensities. | the nature of photosynthetic recovery was investigated in 10-d-old wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. moskovskaya-35) seedlings exposed to temperatures of 40 and 42 degrees c for 20 min and to temperature 42 degrees c for 40 min in the dark. the aftereffect of heat treatment was monitored by growing the heat-treated plants in low/moderate/high light at 20 degrees c for 72h. the net photosynthetic rates (p(n)) and the fluorescence ratios f(v)/f(m) were evaluated in intact primary leaves and the rat ... | 2008 | 18313168 |
| assessing the genetic relatedness of higher ozone sensitivity of modern wheat to its wild and cultivated progenitors/relatives. | modern wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most ozone (o(3))-sensitive crops. however, little is known about its genetic background of o(3) sensitivity, which is fundamental for breeding o(3)-resistant cultivars. wild and cultivated species of winter wheat including donors of the a, b and d genomes of t. aestivum were exposed to 100 ppb o(3) or charcoal-filtered air in open top chambers for 21 d. responses to o(3) were assessed by visible o(3) injury, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescenc ... | 2008 | 18310606 |
| molecular characterization and genomic organization of low molecular weight glutenin subunit genes at the glu-3 loci in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in this study, we report on the molecular characterization and genomic organization of the low molecular weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) gene family in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). eighty-two positive bac clones were identified to contain lmw-gs genes from the hexaploid wheat 'glenlea' bac library via filter hybridization and pcr validation. twelve unique lmw glutenin genes and seven pseudogenes were isolated from these positive bac clones by primer-template mismatch pcr and subseque ... | 2008 | 18305921 |
| use of expression analysis to dissect alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in wheat leaves during drought stress. | water deficit in plants causes a reduction in photosynthesis and high demands for osmolyte synthesis. to elucidate regulation of carbohydrate metabolic genes in wheat (triticum aestivum) leaves during drought stress, we performed a systematic expression study using quantitative rt-pcr and cdna microarray. these analyses revealed that expression levels of most genes encoding chloroplast enzymes involved in carbon fixation (calvin cycle) were reduced in the leaves during prolonged drought stress. ... | 2008 | 18299801 |
| evaluation of crossability between triticale (x triticosecale wittmack) and common wheat, durum wheat and rye. | development of transgenic triticale as a platform for novel bio-industrial products is predicated on an environmental biosafety assessment that quantifies the potential risks associated with its release. pollen-mediated gene flow to related species and conventional triticale varieties is one pathway for transgene movement. a tier 1 quantification of triticale hybridization was conducted by emasculating and hand pollinating flowers under greenhouse conditions. approximately 2000 manual pollinatio ... | 2015 | 18289500 |
| gene expression, cellular localisation and function of glutamine synthetase isozymes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we present the first cloning and study of glutamine synthetase (gs) genes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). based on sequence analysis, phylogenetic studies and mapping data, ten gs sequences were classified into four sub-families: gs2 (a, b and c), gs1 (a, b and c), gsr (1 and 2) and gse (1 and 2). phylogenetic analysis showed that the wheat gs sub-families together with the gs genes from other monocotyledonous species form four distinct clades. immunolocalisation studies in leaves, stems and ra ... | 2008 | 18288574 |
| the cooperative relation between non-hydraulic root signals and osmotic adjustment under water stress improves grain formation for spring wheat varieties. | non-hydraulic root signals (nhrs) and osmotic adjustment (oa) are two important adaptive responses of plants to water stress. there is little understanding of their relationships during water stress. the threshold range of soil water potential to occurrence of nhrs, the capacity for oa, grain yield and water use efficiency (wue) were examined in three spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties (two bred after 1975 and one bred before 1900) under water stress conditions. the threshold range of ... | 2008 | 18275460 |
| chromosome arm location of the genes for the biosynthesis of hordatines in barley. | hordatines a and b, the strong antifungal compounds in barley (hordeum vulgare), are biosynthesized from p-coumaroyl- and feruloyl-coa and agmatine by two successive reactions catalyzed by agmatine coumaroyltransferase (act) and peroxidase. act catalyzes the formation of agmatine conjugates (p-coumaroylagmatine and feruloylagmatine) from precursor coas and agmatine, and peroxidase catalyzes the oxidative coupling of agmatine conjugates to form hordatines. our previous study demonstrated that the ... | 2007 | 18270436 |
| [effects of vernalization duration control genes (vrd) on agronomical traits in winter bread wheat]. | in monogenic dominant for vrd1 or vrd2 genes almost isogenic lines and cultivars the shortening of the period before hadding duration, plant height reduction, and decrease of frost resistance particularly in the second half of winter and in spring have been shown. as for the determined traits the greater effect was detected for vrd1 gene, the less one--for vrd2. genes vrd1 and vrd2 did not significantly influence the quantitative characteristics of yield components except the 1000 kernel weight. ... | 2008 | 18268962 |
| analysis of protein complexes in wheat amyloplasts reveals functional interactions among starch biosynthetic enzymes. | protein-protein interactions among enzymes of amylopectin biosynthesis were investigated in developing wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm. physical interactions between starch branching enzymes (sbes) and starch synthases (sss) were identified from endosperm amyloplasts during the active phase of starch deposition in the developing grain using immunoprecipitation and cross-linking strategies. coimmunoprecipitation experiments using peptide-specific antibodies indicate that at least two distinct ... | 2008 | 18263778 |
| effect of nitrogen, potassium and humic acid on ( 134 )cs transfer factors to wheat from tropical soils in neubauer growth units. | a neubauer plantlet experiment was carried out using inceptisol (typic haplustept) and vertisol (typic chromustert) soils contaminated with 134cs at 74 kbq kg(-1) soil to study the transfer factor to wheat crop (triticum aestivum) as influenced by four levels of humic acid (100, 200, 300, 400 mg ha kg(-1) soil), potassium and nh4-n (36.4, 54.5, 72.7 and 90.9 mg k or nh4 kg(-1) soil) under tropical climate. the biomass yield and k uptake by wheat were significantly improved in vertisol with nh4-n ... | 2009 | 18259886 |
| phenolic compounds contribute to dark bran pigmentation in hard white wheat. | unacceptably dark bran color has prevented the white-kernelled variety argent from meeting grain color marketing standards for hard white wheats (triticum aestivum l.). the objective of this research was to identify phenolic compounds that negatively affect bran color in white wheat using fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ft-icr-ms) and vanillin-hcl and naoh staining methods. in mature bran, ft-icr-ms detected derivatives of the flavonol quercetin in varieties argent a ... | 2008 | 18254596 |
| condensation of rye chromatin in somatic interphase nuclei of ph1 and ph1b wheat. | the ph1 locus in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) enforces diploid-like behavior in the first metaphase of meiosis. to test the hypothesis that this chromosome pairing control is exercised by affecting the degree of chromatin condensation, the dispersion of rye chromatin in interphase nuclei in somatic tissues of wheat-rye chromosome translocations 1rs.1bl, 2rs.2bl, 2bs.2rl, 3rs.3dl and 5rs.5bl was compared in ph1 and ph1b isogenic backgrounds. no significant differences in rye chromatin c ... | 2007 | 18253040 |
| a novel 51-kda fragment of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase formed in the stroma of chloroplasts in dark-induced senescing wheat leaves. | the degradation of large subunit (lsu) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) in wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. yangmai 158) leaves was studied. a novel 51-kda fragment was detected in leaf crude extracts and in chloroplast lysates from leaves with dark-induced senescence. further studies showed that the 51-kda fragment was found in the reaction solution with stroma fraction but not in that with the chloroplast membrane fraction and in the chloroplast lysates from mature w ... | 2007 | 18251925 |
| comparison of mixed-model approaches for association mapping. | association-mapping methods promise to overcome the limitations of linkage-mapping methods. the main objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate various methods for association mapping in the autogamous species wheat using an empirical data set, (ii) determine a marker-based kinship matrix using a restricted maximum-likelihood (reml) estimate of the probability of two alleles at the same locus being identical in state but not identical by descent, and (iii) compare the results of association-m ... | 2008 | 18245847 |
| [localization of nucleolar dna and transcription sites of rrna genes in situ in wheat cells]. | by using the conventional electron microscopic technique and dna specific cytochemical staining method (nama-ur), we directly observed the arrangement and location of intranucleolar dna in situ in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cells. the results showed that nucleolar dna was found in fibrillar centers (fc), dense fibrillar component (dfc) and the transitional region between fc and dfc. moreover, the nucleolar dna was distributed along the periphery of fc and by surrounding fc. we employed rnp pre ... | 2008 | 18244931 |
| enhanced induction of microspore embryogenesis after n-butanol treatment in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) anther culture. | the aim of this study was the improvement of embryo production in wheat anther culture. three butanol alcohols, n-butanol, sec-butanol and tert-butanol, were evaluated for their effect on microspore embryogenesis in two spring cultivars of wheat, pavon and caramba. application of n-butanol, at 0.1 and 0.2% (v/v) in the induction media for 5 h, highly improved embryo production in both cultivars. sec- and tert-butanol performed similarly to control plates. regeneration ability was unaffected by a ... | 2008 | 18214490 |
| characterization of three somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase genes from wheat, triticum aestivum. | we report here the isolation and characterization of three somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase (taserk) genes from wheat. taserks belong to a small family of receptor-like kinase genes, share a conserved structure and extensive sequence homology with previously reported plant serk genes. taserk genes are in general auxin inducible and expressed during embryogenesis in cell cultures. we show here that somatic embryogenesis in triticum aestivum is associated with high serk expression which could ... | 2008 | 18210118 |
| association between allelic variation at the phytoene synthase 1 gene and yellow pigment content in the wheat grain. | a better understanding of the genetic factors controlling grain yellow pigment content (gypc) is important for both pasta (high gypc) and bread wheat (low gypc) quality improvement. quantitative trait loci (qtl) for gypc have been mapped repeatedly on the distal regions of chromosome arms 7al and 7bl in wheat, and the phytoene synthase 1 (psy-1) gene located in this region has been proposed as a candidate gene. we show here that psy-e1, the tall wheatgrass orthologue, is completely linked to dif ... | 2008 | 18193186 |
| selenium uptake, translocation and speciation in wheat supplied with selenate or selenite. | selenite can be a dominant form of selenium (se) in aerobic soils; however, unlike selenate, the mechanism of selenite uptake by plants remains unclear. uptake, translocation and se speciation in wheat (triticum aestivum) supplied with selenate or selenite, or both, were investigated in hydroponic experiments. the kinetics of selenite influx was determined in short-term (30 min) experiments. selenium speciation in the water-extractable fraction of roots and shoots was determined by hplc-icpms. p ... | 2008 | 18179602 |
| [a protector effect of cytokinin preparations on the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat plants under water deficiency conditions]. | the protective effects of the cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine and the compounds thidiazuron and kartolin, displaying a cytokinin activity, on the photosynthetic apparatus of young seedlings and leaves of adult plants of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, mironovskaya 808 (more drought tolerant) and lutescens 758 (less tolerant to water stress), were compared on the background of an increasing water deficiency. at the stages of drought and subsequent rehydration, cartolin preparations were ... | 2016 | 18173117 |
| [the effect of furolan on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of ripening winter wheat grain]. | the effects of the preparation furolan, (2-furyl-2)-1,3-dioxolane, on the degree of mrna polyadenylation and the pattern of protein synthesis in the ripening grain of several soft winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars were studied. it was demonstrated that furolan stabilized mrna in a cultivar-specific manner, thereby accelerating to various degrees the biochemical processes taking place in the ripening grain. of the wheat cultivars studied, krasnodarskaya 99 was the most responsive cult ... | 2015 | 18173116 |
| xylanase inhibitors bind to nonstarch polysaccharides. | this study is an in-depth investigation of the interaction between polysaccharides and the proteinaceous xylanase inhibitors, triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (taxi), xylanase inhibitor protein (xip), and thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor (tlxi). the binding affinities of all three known types of xylanase inhibitors from wheat are studied by measuring the residual xylanase inhibition activity after incubation of the inhibitors in the presence of different polysaccharides, such as beta-glucan ... | 2008 | 18092758 |
| molecular dissection of variation in carbohydrate metabolism related to water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation in stems of wheat. | water-soluble carbohydrates (wscs; composed of mainly fructans, sucrose [suc], glucose [glc], and fructose) deposited in wheat (triticum aestivum) stems are important carbon sources for grain filling. variation in stem wsc concentrations among wheat genotypes is one of the genetic factors influencing grain weight and yield under water-limited environments. here, we describe the molecular dissection of carbohydrate metabolism in stems, at the wsc accumulation phase, of recombinant inbred seri/bab ... | 2008 | 18083795 |
| use of near-isogenic wheat lines to determine the glutenin composition and functionality requirements for flour tortillas. | in wheat ( triticum aestivum l), the synthesis of high molecular weight (hmw) glutenins (gs) is controlled by three heterologous genetic loci present on the long arms of group 1 wheat chromosomes. the loci glu-a1, glu-b1, and glu-d1 and their allelic variants play important roles in the functional properties of wheat flour. this study focused on understanding the functionality of these protein subunits on tortilla quality. near-isogenic wheat lines in which one or more of these loci were absent ... | 2008 | 18072743 |
| effect of landfill leachate on cell cycle, micronucleus, and sister chromatid exchange in triticum aestivum. | with increasing use of municipal solid waste landfills for waste disposal, the leachate generated has become a serious environmental concern. therefore, it is important to set up simple and accurate methods for monitoring leachate toxicity. in the present study, the physiological and genetic toxicity of the leachate, generated from xingou municipal landfill in china, were investigated with triticum aestivum (wheat) bioassay. the results indicate that the lower leachate concentrations stimulated ... | 2008 | 18068897 |
| [wheat domestication and bread wheat speciation: variation produced by intraspecific differentiation and allopolyploidization]. | | 2007 | 18064884 |
| [molecular phylogenetics of cultivated plants, with special reference to maize and common wheat]. | | 2007 | 18064882 |
| snp and haplotype identification of the wheat monomeric alpha-amylase inhibitor genes. | seventy-three gene sequences encoding monomeric alpha-amylase inhibitors were characterized from cultivated wheat "chinese spring", group 6 nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of "chinese spring" and diploid putative progenitors of common wheat. the monomeric alpha-amylase inhibitors from the different sources shared very high homology (99.54%). the different alpha-amylase inhibitors, which were determined by the 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of their gene sequences, were investigated. a tot ... | 2008 | 18060568 |
| introgression of wheat chromosome 2d or 5d into tritordeum leads to free-threshing habit. | hexaploid tritordeum is the amphiploid derived from the cross between the diploid wild barley hordeum chilense and durum wheat. the non-free-threshing habit is a constraint to this species becoming a new crop. three tritordeum lines (ht374, ht376, and ht382) showing the free-threshing habit were selected from crosses between tritordeum and bread wheat. all three lines were euploids, as revealed by mitotic chromosome counting. genomic in situ hybridization analysis made it possible to distinguish ... | 2007 | 18059545 |
| identification of variation in adaptively important traits and genome-wide analysis of trait-marker associations in triticum monococcum. | einkorn wheat triticum monococcum (2n=2x=14, a(m)a(m)) is one of the earliest domesticated crops. however, it was abandoned for cultivation before the bronze age and has infrequently been used in wheat breeding. little is known about the genetic variation in adaptively important biological traits in t. monococcum. a collection of 30 accessions of diverse geographic origins were characterized for phenotypic variation in various agro-morphological traits including grain storage proteins and endosp ... | 2007 | 18057045 |
| quantifying the presence and absence of turgor for the spatial characterization of cortical senescence in roots of triticum aestivum (poaceae). | cortical senescence is an important feature of the roots of a number of graminaceous species because it may contribute to rhizodeposition of carbon and influence the efficiency of nutrient uptake. a major limitation to understanding the physiological control of senescence and its impact on rhizosphere processes has been the lack of reliable techniques for characterizing the progress of senescence along the root. the use of a single-cell pressure probe was evaluated for quantifying cell integrity ... | 2007 | 21636398 |
| analysis of taalmt1 traces the transmission of aluminum resistance in cultivated common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | allele diversities of four markers specific to intron three, exon four and promoter regions of the aluminum (al) resistance gene of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) taalmt1 were compared in 179 common wheat cultivars used in international wheat breeding programs. in wheat cultivars released during the last 93 years, six different promoter types were identified on the basis of allele size. a previous study showed that al resistance was not associated with a particular coding allele for taalmt1 but wa ... | 2008 | 18046532 |
| the derivation of sink functions of wheat organs using the greenlab model. | in traditional crop growth models assimilate production and partitioning are described with empirical equations. in the greenlab functional-structural model, however, allocation of carbon to different kinds of organs depends on the number and relative sink strengths of growing organs present in the crop architecture. the aim of this study is to generate sink functions of wheat (triticum aestivum) organs by calibrating the greenlab model using a dedicated data set, consisting of time series on th ... | 2008 | 18045794 |
| structures of the three homoeologous loci of wheat benzoxazinone biosynthetic genes tabx3 and tabx4 and characterization of their promoter sequences. | common wheat (2n=6x=42, genome formula aabbdd) accumulates benzoxazinones (bxs) as defensive compounds. there are five bx biosynthetic genes (tabx1-tabx5), and their homoeologous alleles are located on all three homoeologous chromosomes of the a, b and d genomes. here the molecular structures of the tabx3 and tabx4 loci, both of which are located on chromosomes 5a, 5b and 5d, were revealed by sequencing transformation-competent artificial chromosome (tac) clones. in all homoeologous chromosomes, ... | 2008 | 18040657 |
| tris is a non-innocent buffer during intein-mediated protein cleavage. | fusion protein purification systems based on self-cleavable protein splicing elements are well established nowadays and have the advantage of producing recombinant proteins with their native amino acid composition while abolishing the need of an additional proteolytic cleavage step for removal of a purification tag. however, a potential disadvantage is the concomitant generation of reactive thioester intermediates during the protein self-splicing process, which are prone to undergo side reaction ... | 2008 | 18032065 |
| recurrent deletions of puroindoline genes at the grain hardness locus in four independent lineages of polyploid wheat. | polyploidy is known to induce numerous genetic and epigenetic changes but little is known about their physiological bases. in wheat, grain texture is mainly determined by the hardness (ha) locus consisting of genes puroindoline a (pina) and b (pinb). these genes are conserved in diploid progenitors but were deleted from the a and b genomes of tetraploid triticum turgidum (ab). we now report the recurrent deletions of pina-pinb in other lineages of polyploid wheat. we analyzed the ha haplotype st ... | 2008 | 18024553 |
| effects on growth and physiological parameters in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in soil and irrigated with cyanobacterial toxin contaminated water. | the present study investigates the germination and growth of triticum aestivum exposed to two different microcystins (microcystin-lr [where the two variable places in the toxin molecule are leucine (l) and arginine (r) (mc-lr)] and microcystin-rr) and to cell-free cyanobacterial crude extract containing mc-lr. the concentration of the microcystins was set to 0.5 microg l(-1) and therefore is in the range of concentrations normally detected in the environment. in three experiments, the inhibition ... | 2007 | 18020690 |
| characterizing hmw-gs alleles of decaploid agropyron elongatum in relation to evolution and wheat breeding. | bread wheat quality is mainly correlated with high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) of endosperm. the number of hmw-gs alleles with good processing quality is limited in bread wheat cultivars, while there are plenty of hmw-gs alleles in wheat-related grasses to exploit. we report here on the cloning and characterization of hmw-gs alleles from the decaploid agropyron elongatum. eleven novel hmw-gs alleles were cloned from the grass. of them, five are x-type and six y-type glutenin subu ... | 2008 | 17992503 |
| preferential elimination of chromosome 1d from homoeologous group-1 alien addition lines in hexaploid wheat. | alien chromosome addition lines are useful genetic material for studying the effect of an individual chromosome in the same genetic background. however, addition lines are sometimes unstable and tend to lose the alien chromosome in subsequent generations. in this study, we report preferential removal of chromosome 1d rather than the alien chromosome from homoeologous group-1 addition lines. the agropyron intermedium chromosome 1agi (1e) addition line, created in the background of 'vilmorin 27', ... | 2007 | 17991995 |
| [genetic analysis of contribution of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits to dough strength in common wheat]. | locus-specific primers of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes and gliadin bands tightly linked to lmw-gs genes were analyzed to evaluate the effect of lmw-gs genes on dough strength in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). analysis of the f9 progeny from two crosses '99g45/jing771' and 'pm97034/j771' showed that the lmw-gs genes located at the glu-b3 locus from the three parents had six cysteine, but 'pb' (define) had a seven amino-acid deletion in the repetitive to 'gb' and 'jb' ... | 2007 | 17989052 |
| evolutionary origin of the segmental duplication encompassing the wheat glu-b1 locus encoding the overexpressed bx7 (bx7oe) high molecular weight glutenin subunit. | sequencing of a bac clone encompassing the glu-b1 locus in glenlea, revealed a 10.3 kb segmental duplication including the bx7 gene and flanking an ltr retroelement. to better understand the evolution of this locus, two collections of wheat were surveyed. the first consisted of 96 diploid and tetraploid species accessions while the second consisted of 316 triticum aestivum cultivars and landraces from 41 countries. the genotypes were first characterized by sds-page and a total of 40 of the 316 t ... | 2008 | 17985111 |
| qtl analysis for some quantitative traits in bread wheat. | quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis was conducted in bread wheat for 14 important traits utilizing data from four different mapping populations involving different approaches of qtl analysis. analysis for grain protein content (gpc) suggested that the major part of genetic variation for this trait is due to environmental interactions. in contrast, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (phst) was controlled mainly by main effect qtl (m-qtl) with very little genetic variation due to environmental int ... | 2007 | 17973342 |
| identification of a major quantitative trait locus conditioning resistance to greenbug biotype e in sorghum pi 550610 using simple sequence repeat markers. | greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rondani), represents the most important pest insect of sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.) moench, in the great plains of the united states. biotype e is the most widespread and dominant type not only in sorghum and wheat, triticum aestivum l., fields, but also on many noncultivated grass species. this study was designed to determine sorghum accession pi 550610 resistance to greenbug biotype e, to map the resistance quantitative trait loci (qtls) by using an established ... | 2007 | 17972647 |
| effect of water deficit on carbohydrate status and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in seedlings of wheat cultivars. | the effect of water deficit on carbohydrate status and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (alpha and beta amylases, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, acid and alkaline invertases) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated in the seedlings of drought-sensitive (pbw 343) and drought-tolerant (c 306) cultivars. the water deficit was induced by adding 6% mannitol (water potential -0.815 mpa) in the growth medium. the water deficit reduced starch content in the shoots of tolerant s ... | 2007 | 17970280 |
| the membrane topology of almt1, an aluminum-activated malate transport protein in wheat (triticum aestivum). | the wheat almt1 gene encodes an aluminum (al)-activated malate transport protein which confers al-resistance. we investigated the membrane topology of this plasma-membrane localized protein with immunocytochemical techniques. several green fluorescent protein (gfp)-fused and histidine (his)-tagged chimeras of almt1 were prepared based on a computer-predicted secondary structure and transiently expressed in cultured mammalian cells. antibodies raised to polypeptide epitopes of almt1 were used in ... | 2007 | 19517008 |
| [specific features of source-sink relations in alloplasmic hybrid of winter wheat with alien cytoplasm of goatgrass with emphasis on resistance to low temperature stress]. | we studied the influence of alien cytoplasm of spring goatgrass aegilops ovata l. on some physiological parameters in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), mironovskaya 808, under normal conditions and in the case of modified source-sink relations. measurements of relative rates of plant dry matter growth and its distribution among organs, co2 exchange (photosynthesis upon light saturation and dark respiration), content of sugars (sucrose + glucose + fructose) and their ratio in leaves, frost har ... | 2016 | 17966903 |
| [the influence of elicitor on the distribution pattern of microtubule and the cytosolic calcium in mesophyll protoplast of wheat]. | by using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the fluo-3 am of ca2+ fluorescein, wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars lovrin 10 and 5389 were selected as mesophyll protoplast material interaction with elicitor in this paper for studying the relationship between the pattern of microtubule and [ca2+]cyt. confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) was used and pharmacologic examination was set. the results indicated: when treated with elicitor, the cytosolic calcium in the protoplasts ... | 2007 | 17966457 |
| short-term effects on soil properties and wheat production from secondary paper sludge application on two mediterranean agricultural soils. | this study was conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the potential use of sps as a fertilizer, amendment and/or liming agent for wheat (triticum aestivum l.). two representative mediterranean agricultural soils, a cambic arenosol (cmar) and a cromic cambisol (crcm) were used. treatments included four sludge rates ranging from 0 to 40 g kg(-1) (equivalent of 0, 38, 88 and 120 mg ha(-1)). a significant increment in soil ph, organic carbon, n total, available p and exchangeable k were o ... | 2008 | 17964139 |
| application of the anova-pca method to stability studies of reference materials. | near infrared spectroscopy (nirs) is an analytical technique that can be very useful for stability studies in particular because of its non destructive analytical capability. however, the spectral interpretation and treatment of this kind of multivariate data remains difficult without the use of chemometrics. in this article, a recent chemometrics method, analysis of variance--principal component analysis (anova-pca), was used for nirs stability studies of sunflower and bread wheat external refe ... | 2007 | 17963834 |
| [production of wheat-rye substitution lines based on winter rye cultivars with karyotype identification by means of c-banding, gish, and ssr markers]. | the study presents a continuation of the research aimed at producing of wheat-rye substitution lines based on the cross (triticum aestivum l. x secale sereale l.) x triticum aestivum l., and using winter rye cultivars vyatka and vietnamskaya mestnaya. in bc1f5 two lines were identified, having karyotypes in which a pair of homologous wheat chromosomes was substituted by a homeologous pair of rye chromosomes. the chromosome composition of these lines was analyzed using c-banding, gish, and ssr ma ... | 2007 | 17958318 |
| [phytopathological and molecular genetic identification of brown rust resistance genes in common wheat accessions with alien genetic material]. | brown rust resistance genes were sought in 23 resistant common wheat accessions with alien genetic material of aegilops speltoides, ae. triuncialis, and triticum kiharae from the arsenal collection. the genes were identified by common phytopathological tests and pcr analysis with sts markers directed to the known lr genes. none of the methods identified the resistance genes in two accessions. in the other accessions, the combination of the two methods broadened the spectrum of detectable genes a ... | 2007 | 17958305 |
| effects of reciprocal crosses on agronomic performance of tritordeum. | tritordeums (tritordeum ascherson et graebner) are the amphiploids derived from the crosses between hordeum chilense and durum or bread wheats. primary tritordeums are obtained using h. chilense as female parent and therefore they exhibit h. chilense cytoplasm. the effect of wheat cytoplasm on agronomic performance of tritordeums was investigated. we developed four pairs of reciprocal f1 lines only differing in their cytoplasm, donated from wheat or h. chilense alternatively. the agronomic perfo ... | 2007 | 17958303 |
| detailed dissection of the chromosomal region containing the ph1 locus in wheat triticum aestivum: with deletion mutants and expression profiling. | understanding ph1, a dominant homoeologous chromosome pairing suppressor locus on the long arm of chromosome 5b in wheat triticum aestivum l., is the core of the investigation in this article. the ph1 locus restricts chromosome pairing and recombination at meiosis to true homologues. the importance of wheat as a crop and the need to exploit its wild relatives as donors for economically important traits in wheat breeding programmes is the main drive to uncover the mechanism of the ph1 locus and r ... | 2008 | 17951583 |
| association analysis of historical bread wheat germplasm using additive genetic covariance of relatives and population structure. | linkage disequilibrium can be used for identifying associations between traits of interest and genetic markers. this study used mapped diversity array technology (dart) markers to find associations with resistance to stem rust, leaf rust, yellow rust, and powdery mildew, plus grain yield in five historical wheat international multienvironment trials from the international maize and wheat improvement center (cimmyt). two linear mixed models were used to assess marker-trait associations incorporat ... | 2007 | 17947425 |
| comparison of newly synthetic hexaploid wheat with its donors on ssr products. | microsatellites or ssrs as powerful genetic markers have widely been used in genetics and evolutionary biology in common wheat. because of the high polymorphism, newly synthesized hexaploid wheat has been used in the construction of genetic segregation population for ssr markers. however, data on the evolution of microsatellites during the polyploidization event of hexaploid wheat are limited. in this study, 66 pairs of specific to a/b genome ssr patterns among newly synthesized hexaploid wheat, ... | 2007 | 17945172 |
| characterization of phytoene synthase 1 gene (psy1) located on common wheat chromosome 7a and development of a functional marker. | phytoene synthase (psy), a critical enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, demonstrated high association with the yellow pigment (yp) content in wheat grain. characterization of psy genes and the development of functional markers for them are of importance for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. in this study, the full-length genomic dna sequence of a psy gene (psy-a1) located on chromosome 7a, was characterized by in silico cloning and experimental validation. the cloned psy-a1 ... | 2008 | 17943267 |
| selection for osmoregulation gene to improve grain yield of wheat genotypes under osmotic stresses. | for identifying osmoreguulation (or) differences in bread wheat genotypes, three experiments by using of randomized complete blocks design with five replications were carried out separately on 6 genotypes (tabasi, alvand, shahi, sabalan, sardary and roshan) under normal, drought and salinity stresses. at earring stage, in order to studying osmotic stress on pollen grains, treatments of 30% peg (control) and 50% peg with 10 mm kcl (osmotic stress) were applied. all pollen grains ofgenotypes were ... | 2007 | 19093486 |
| association studies for agro-physiological and quality traits of triticale x bread wheat derivatives in relation to drought and cold stress. | correlation coefficient analysis conducted on 22 triticale x bread wheat derivatives along with six checks to select true- breeding derivative(s) for future hybridization programme with tolerance to drought and cold stress conditions as well as better quality traits revealed significant correlation of grain yield with spikelets per spike, biological yield, harvest index, leaf area index. interestingly, the grain yield and drought susceptibility index showed no association. however, with cold tol ... | 2007 | 17915762 |
| map-based analysis of genetic loci on chromosome 2d that affect glume tenacity and threshability, components of the free-threshing habit in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | during the domestication of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), evolutionary modifications that took place in seed dispersal mechanisms enhanced its suitability for agricultural production. one of these modifications involved the evolution of the free-threshing or hulless characteristic. in this study, we studied quantitative trait loci (qtl) affecting components of the free-threshing habit (threshability and glume tenacity) on chromosome 2d in a recombinant inbred line (ril) population develope ... | 2007 | 17909743 |
| [discrimination of the triticum aestivum-t. timopheevii introgression lines using pcr-based molecular markers]. | in order to determine the fragment size of triticum timopheevii chromosome segments introduced into wheat background and physically map the pm6 gene, a total of 72 primers (including ssr and sts primers) were used to analyze the eight introduced introgression lines containing pm6 gene. referring to the available mapping information of the analyzed markers on chromosome 2b, pm6 was physically located in distal part of the long arm of chromosome 2b at the region of bin 2bl-6. the introgressed frag ... | 2007 | 17905717 |
| effects of aqueous eucalyptus extracts on seed germination, seedling growth and activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in three wheat cultivar seedlings (triticum aestivum l.). | evaluation of allelopathic effects of this plant on other near cultivations especially wheat is the aim of this study. effects of water extracts of eucalyptus leaves examined on germination and growth of three wheat cultivar seeds and seedlings. results showed that: germination percentage strongly decreased, leaf and root lengths also affected and dry and wet weights of both roots and shoots showed similar change patterns. activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase as antioxidant enzymes in ... | 2007 | 19090161 |
| the barley phytomer. | morphological mutants have been useful in elucidating the phytomeric structure of plants. recently described mutants have shed new light on the ontogeny (development of plant structures) and the phytomeric system of barley (hordeum vulgare). since the current model for barley phytomers was not adequate to explain the nature of some mutants, a new model is proposed. | 2007 | 17901062 |
| [role of rye chromosome 2r from wheat-rye substitution line 2r(2d)1 (triticum aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29-secale cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya) in genetic regulation of meiotic restitution in wheat-rye polyhaploids]. | a study was made of the role of rye chromosome 2r from the wheat-rye substitution line 2r(2d)1 (triticum aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29-secale cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya) in genetic regulation of meiotic restitution in wheat-rye polyhaploids 2r(2d)1 x s. cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya. rye chromosome 2r proved to affect the completeness of the meiotic program, suppressing the formation of restitution gametes. this was evident from the reductional division of univalent chromosomes in ai and the oc ... | 2007 | 17899816 |
| [effect of rye secale cereale l. chromosomes 1r and 3r on polyembryony expression in hybrid combinations between (hordeum vulgare l.)-triticum aestivum l. alloplasmic recombinant lines and wheat t. aestivum l.-rye s. cereale l. substitution lines]. | the effect of rye chromosomes on polyembryony was studied for reciprocal hybrid combinations between (hordeum vulgare l.)-triticum aestivum l. alloplasmic recombinant lines and five wheat t. aestivum l. (cultivar saratovskaya 29)-rye secale cereale l. (cultivar onokhoiskaya) substitution lines: ir(1d), 2r(2d), 3r(3b), 5r(5a), and 6r(6a), and for direct hybrid combinations between the [h. marinum ssp. gussoneanum (h. geniculatum all.)]-t. aestivum alloplasmic recombinant line and the wheat-rye su ... | 2007 | 17899814 |