| a comprehensive review of the nasal microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis (crs). | chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) has been known as a disease with strong infectious and inflammatory components for decades. the recent advancement in methods identifying microbes has helped implicate the airway microbiome in inflammatory respiratory diseases such as asthma and copd. such studies support a role of resident microbes in both health and disease of host tissue, especially in the case of inflammatory mucosal diseases. identifying interactive events between microbes and elements of the im ... | 2016 | 26510171 |
| the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. | pneumococcal pneumonia is the most frequent form of pneumonia. we herein assessed the effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (ppsv23) in the prevention of pneumonia overall in rheumatoid arthritis (ra) patients at risk for infections. we hypothesized that ppsv23 vaccination is superior in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia compared with placebo in ra patients. | 2017 | 28122642 |
| prospective surveillance of healthcare associated infections in a cambodian pediatric hospital. | healthcare associated infections (hai) are the most common preventable adverse events following admission to healthcare facilities. data from low-income countries are scarce. we sought to prospectively define hai incidence at angkor hospital for children (ahc), a cambodian pediatric referral hospital. | 2017 | 28138385 |
| evaluation of three sample preparation methods for the direct identification of bacteria in positive blood cultures by maldi-tof. | patient mortality is significantly reduced by rapid identification of bacteria from sterile sites. maldi-tof can identify bacteria directly from positive blood cultures and multiple sample preparation methods are available. we evaluated three sample preparation methods and two maldi-tof score cut-off values. positive blood culture bottles with organisms present in gram stains were prospectively analysed by maldi-tof. three lysis reagents (saponin, sds, and sepsityper lysis bufer) were applied to ... | 2017 | 28100271 |
| recurrent pneumonia among japanese adults: disease burden and risk factors. | in japan and other societies with rapidly aging populations, recurrent pneumonia (rp) is a major clinical problem yet only limited information exists regarding the burden of this disease. | 2017 | 28077107 |
| secondary metabolites from bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolated from soil can kill burkholderia pseudomallei. | bacillus species are gram-positive bacteria found in abundance in nature and their secondary metabolites were found to possess various potential activities, notably antimicrobial. in this study, bacillus amyloliquefaciens n2-4 and n3-8 were isolated from soil and their metabolites could kill burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative pathogenic bacterium also found in soil in its endemic areas. moreover, the metabolites were able to kill drug resistant isolates of b. pseudomallei and also inhibi ... | 2017 | 28050857 |
| can contaminated water be rendered safe for nasal saline irrigations? | to compare sterile water to three methods of sterilization (carbon filtration, boiling, and ultraviolet [uv] light) for preparation of nasal saline irrigants free of bacterial and amebic contaminants. | 2017 | 28224696 |
| [bacterial pathogenic characteristics of respiratory tract infection in children in suzhou, china: an analysis of 14,994 cases]. | to investigate the bacterial pathogenic characteristics of respiratory tract infection in children. | 2016 | 26781412 |
| spectrum and antimicrobial resistance of common pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mainland of china. | bacteria-induced respiratory infection has been long considered to be the major cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd). therefore, a clear picture about the distribution and drug-resistance of pathogenic bacteria in the lower airways should be helpful for treatment of the disease. so far, data on this topic among chinese are lacking. | 2013 | 23786927 |
| [in vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 12,866 clinical isolates obtained from 72 centers in 2010]. | postmarketing surveillance of levofloxacin (lvfx) has been conducted continuously since 1992. the present survey was performed to investigate in vitro susceptibility of recent clinical isolates in japan to 30 selected antibacterial agents, focusing on fluoroquinolones (fqs). the common respiratory pathogens streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, and haemophilus influenzae continue to show a high susceptibility to fqs. in contrast, widely-prevailing resistance to ... | 2012 | 23173294 |
| comparative in vitro activity of sitafloxacin against bacteria isolated from thai patients with urinary tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections. | to determine comparative in vitro activity of sitafloxacin against clinical isolates of bacteria from thai patients with urinary tract infection and those with lower respiratory tract infection. | 2012 | 22574524 |
| [changes of etiology of chronic sinusitis]. | to explore etiology distribution changes of chronic naso sinusitis. | 2012 | 22568256 |
| next-generation sequencing combined with specific pcr assays to determine the bacterial 16s rrna gene profiles of middle ear fluid collected from children with acute otitis media. | the aim of the study was to analyze the bacteriome of acute otitis media with a novel modification of next-generation sequencing techniques. outpatient children with acute otitis media were enrolled in the study, and middle ear fluids were collected during 90 episodes from 79 subjects aged 5 to 42 months (median age, 19 months). the bacteriome profiles of middle ear fluid samples were determined by a nested-pcr amplification of the 16s rrna gene (v4 region), followed by mass sequencing. the prof ... | 2017 | 28357413 |
| microbiology of otitis media in indigenous australian children: review. | to review research addressing the polymicrobial aetiology of otitis media in indigenous australian children in order to identify research gaps and inform best practice in effective prevention strategies and therapeutic interventions. | 2017 | 28088924 |
| moraxella catarrhalis might be more common than expected in acute otitis media in young finnish children. | according to studies based on bacterial cultures of middle ear fluids, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis have been the most common pathogens in acute otitis media. however, bacterial culture can be affected by reduced viability or suboptimal growth of bacteria. pcr detects bacterial dna from samples with greater sensitivity than culture. in the present study, we analyzed the middle ear pathogens with both conventional culture and semiquantitative real-ti ... | 2016 | 27413187 |
| the microbiome of otitis media with effusion in indigenous australian children. | indigenous australian children have a high prevalence of otitis media with effusion (ome) and associated conductive hearing loss. only three microbiological studies of middle ear fluid (mef) from indigenous australian children with ome have been reported. all of these were reliant on culture or species-specific pcr assays. the aim of this study was to characterise the middle ear fluid (mef), adenoid and nasopharyngeal (np) microbiomes of indigenous australian children, using culture-independent ... | 2015 | 26228497 |
| [four bacterial studies on children with chronic otitis media with effusion]. | to research the prevalences of four kinds of bacteria including alloiococcus otitidis, streptococcus pneumonia, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in children with chronic otitis media with effusion (som) of the middle ear effusion, and the reproduction of the nasopharynx, so as to explore their meaning for the children with som. | 2014 | 25775744 |
| [prevalence of sensitization to fungi in patients with respiratory allergy]. | as part of the etiology of respiratory allergy we have genetics, prenatal factors and sensitivity to various airborne allergens, between these fungi are found. relationship has been found between sensitization to fungal in skin tests and allergy pathogenesis and aggravation. there is a few literature in mexico and in the north of the country it is lacking regarding this problem. | 2016 | 27174757 |
| [prevalence of sensitization to allergens in school children with asthma residents from guadalajara metropolitan area]. | allergic sensitization is dependent on the geographical and climatic conditions in each region; therefore, identify agents most commonly sensitized children with asthma is important for planning prevention measures. | 2016 | 27174756 |
| [identification of microorganisms related to chronic rhinosinusitis in adult patients with variable common immunodeficiency]. | the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis in adult patients with common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) is 52%. the patients with cvid show higher incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis, which is an inflammatory disease that affects the lining of one or more paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. | 2016 | 26943827 |
| antibacterial effects of alchornea cordifolia (schumach. and thonn.) müll. arg extracts and compounds on gastrointestinal, skin, respiratory and urinary tract pathogens. | the leaves, stems and roots of alchornea cordifolia (schumach. and thonn.) müll. arg. are used as traditional medicine in many african countries for the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory and urinary tract infections as well as for the treatment of wounds. | 2016 | 26724423 |
| antibacterial activity of the roots, stems and leaves of alchornea floribunda. | alchornea floribunda müll. arg. is used in traditional medicine across africa for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, parasitic and inflammatory disorders. | 2014 | 24333961 |
| antibacterial screening of rumex species native to the carpathian basin and bioactivity-guided isolation of compounds from rumex aquaticus. | plants belonging to the genus rumex (family polygonaceae) are used worldwide in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases caused by different microorganisms (e.g. bacteria-related dermatologic conditions, dysentery and enteritis). the present study focused on the antibacterial screening of rumex species native to the carpathian basin, and isolation of compounds from one of the most efficient species, rumex aquaticus. the antibacterial effects of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous ... | 2017 | 28300698 |
| selective bactericidal activity of nanopatterned superhydrophobic cicada psaltoda claripennis wing surfaces. | the nanopattern on the surface of clanger cicada (psaltoda claripennis) wings represents the first example of a new class of biomaterials that can kill bacteria on contact based solely on its physical surface structure. as such, they provide a model for the development of novel functional surfaces that possess an increased resistance to bacterial contamination and infection. their effectiveness against a wide spectrum of bacteria, however, is yet to be established. here, the bactericidal propert ... | 2013 | 23250225 |
| vaccines for children and adults with chronic lung disease: efficacy against acute exacerbations. | acute exacerbations of chronic lung disease are usually associated with viral and bacterial pathogens. they contribute to declining lung function, poor quality of life and exert an excess burden on individuals, families, communities and the healthcare sector. hence, preventing exacerbations is important in clinical management. several vaccines providing protection against respiratory pathogens (streptococcus pneumoniae, bordetella pertussis and influenza) that can trigger exacerbations are avail ... | 2014 | 24308654 |
| [prolonged culture in a humid chamber increases the yields of pathogenic bacteria from the respiratory tract samples of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis]. | current standards of care for cystic fibrosis (cf) patients lack unequivocal recommendations concerning the duration of primary culture of bacteriological samples. with the exception of burkholderia cepacia (5 days), the minimum recommended duration of primary culture varies between 48 and 72 hours. our aim was to evaluate the effect of an extended 10-day period of primary culture in a humid chamber in samples acquired from the respiratory tract of patients suffering from cf. compared to standar ... | 2016 | 27476592 |
| [analysis on clinical and epidemioloical characteristics of measles in hospitalized children in shanghai in 2012]. | to investigate the main factors that influence measles morbidity and the genotype of measles virus, so as to provide evidence for scientific decision making to further control the prevalence of measles. | 2015 | 26717659 |
| the in vitro antimicrobial activity of cymbopogon essential oil (lemon grass) and its interaction with silver ions. | it is well known that cymbopogon (lemon grass) essential oil exhibits antimicrobial activity while the efficacy of silver ions as a disinfectant is equally well reported. | 2015 | 26055131 |
| antimicrobial activity of preparation bioaron c. | the antimicrobial activity of sirupus bioaron c, a preparation, whose main ingredient is an extract from the leaves of aloe arborescens, was tested against different microorganisms isolated from patients with upper respiratory tract infections. the experiments were performed on 40 strains: 20 strains of anaerobic bacteria, 13 strains of aerobic bacteria and 7 strains of yeast-like fungi from the genus candida and on 18 reference strains (atcc). the antimicrobial activity of bioaron c (mbc and mf ... | 2014 | 25362808 |
| [comparison of culture and real-time pcr methods in the detection of streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae in acute otitis media effusion specimens]. | streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae are the major etiologic agents of acute otitis media. this study was aimed to compare the detection rate of s.pneumoniae and h.influenzae by culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) in the middle ear effusions of patients diagnosed as acute otitis media. a total of 60 middle ear effusion samples collected from children with acute otitis media were included in the study. the samples were inoculated and incubated in bactec ped plu ... | 2012 | 23188581 |
| fluorocycline tp-271 is potent against complicated community-acquired bacterial pneumonia pathogens. | tp-271 is a novel, fully synthetic fluorocycline antibiotic in clinical development for the treatment of respiratory infections caused by susceptible and multidrug-resistant pathogens. tp-271 was active in mic assays against key community respiratory gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90 = 0.03 µg/ml), methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa; mic90 = 0.25 µg/ml), methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa; mic90 = 0.12 µg/ml), streptococcus pyo ... | 2017 | 28251179 |
| pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections in outpatients. | the aim of the present study was to determine the results of typical and atypical bacteria microbiological tests in patients with symptoms of chronic cough. we investigated 230 outpatients aged from 1 to 83 years (112 female, 72 male, and 46 children) who were free of any respiratory tract infection at the time of study. the material for the investigation consisted of pharyngeal swabs. two hundred and thirty pharyngeal swabs were examined for chlamydia pneumoniae antigen and for typical pathogen ... | 2016 | 27235165 |
| isolation of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in upper respiratory tract infections of patients. | haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pyogenes, moraxella catarrhalis, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus pneumoniae are usual cause of upper respiratory tract infection cases. the present study aims the isolation of bacterial strains which are resistant to the commonly prescribed antibiotics. in total, 900 throat swabs were obtained from the patients suffering from upper respiratory tract infections residing in three different localities. the maximum number of isolates (64 %) were obtaine ... | 2016 | 28330238 |
| pathogen transcriptional profile in nasopharyngeal aspirates of children with acute respiratory tract infection. | acute respiratory tract infections (ari) present a significant morbidity and pose a global health burden. patients are frequently treated with antibiotics although ari are most commonly caused by virus, strengthening the need for improved diagnostic methods. | 2015 | 26209405 |
| detection of chlamydophila pneumoniae and typical bacteria in patients with chronic cough. | the aim of research was to analyze the results of microbiological tests for typical and atypical bacteria in patients with symptoms of chronic cough. a total of 214 outpatients aged from 2 to 94 years (110 women, 64 men, and 40 children) with chronic cough were studied. four hundred twenty eight throat swabs were examined for atypical bacteria antigen (chlamydophila pneumoniae) (n=214) and typical pathogens (n=214). chl. pneumoniae detection was performed using indirect immunofluorescence test. ... | 2015 | 25724797 |
| the wobbly status of ketolides: where do we stand? | ketolides are erythromycin a derivatives with a keto group replacing the cladinose sugar and an aryl-alkyl group attached to the lactone macrocycle. the aryl-alkyl extension broadens its antibacterial spectrum to include all pathogens responsible for community-acquired pneumonia (cap): streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis as well as atypical pathogens (mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila). ketolides have extensive tissue distribu ... | 2014 | 25154307 |
| respiratory infections in eñepa amerindians are related to malnutrition and streptococcus pneumoniae carriage. | high acute respiratory tract infection (arti) rates are observed in indigenous populations. we assessed the role of viral infections and nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in artis in eñepa amerindians from venezuela. | 2013 | 23796866 |
| microbiological diagnosis and antibiotic therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and acute copd exacerbation in daily clinical practice: comparison to current guidelines. | the aim of this secondary analysis was to evaluate current microbiological approaches, microbiology, and antibiotic therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) in clinical practice and to compare them with current international guidelines. | 2013 | 23564195 |
| [spectrum of pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia in children]. | to investigate the spectrum of pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in children, and to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cap. | 2013 | 23336167 |
| [investigation of bacterial etiology with conventional and multiplex pcr methods in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia]. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is still a serious life-threatening disease, in which the etiologic agent cannot be identified in more than 50% of patients despite advanced diagnostic methods. the most commonly used methods in the determination of cap etiology are culture and serological tests. since early and accurate therapy reduces the mortality in cap cases, rapid and reliable diagnostic methods are needed. the aim of this study was to determine the bacterial etiology in adult patients wi ... | 2012 | 23188566 |
| [study of prevalence of rare and difficult to cultivate causative agents of inflammatory diseases of respiratory organs]. | study the prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophila pneumoniae, chlamydophila psittaci, legionella pneumophila, moraxella catarrhalis, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex i/ii virus (hsv i/ii) in individuals of various age groups with varying inflammatory broncho-pulmonary diseases. | 2012 | 23163026 |
| antimicrobial activity of the novel pleuromutilin antibiotic bc-3781 against organisms responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections (cartis). | bc-3781 is an investigational semi-synthetic pleuromutilin antibiotic, which recently finished a clinical phase 2 trial in acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. bc-3781 binds to the 50s ribosomal subunit and cross-resistance with other antimicrobial classes is uncommon. we evaluated the activity of bc-3781 against organisms responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections (cartis). | 2012 | 22287234 |
| etiological characteristics of chlamydia trachoma conjunctivitis of primary boarding school students in the qinghai tibetan area. | the aim of this study was to investigate the etiological characteristics of chlamydia trachomatis conjunctivitis among resident students at primary schools in the qinghai tibetan area in order to understand the distribution of c. trachomatis and other pathogenic microorganisms, to detect the isolation rate of infectious pathogens, and to provide an evidence for further targeted efforts in the prevent of sporadic trachoma efforts. from two primary schools in qinghai province, ocular samples from ... | 2016 | 27225259 |
| urethritis-associated pathogens in urine from men with non-gonococcal urethritis: a case-control study. | the aetiology of non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) remains unexplained in 30-40% of patients. urine samples from men attending swedish sexually transmitted disease clinics were examined by species-specific quantitative pcrs for chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium, trichomonas vaginalis, ureaplasma urealyticum, u. parvum, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae. a total of 187 men with acute ngu (s ... | 2016 | 26658669 |
| ceftaroline fosamil: a review of its use in the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections and community-acquired pneumonia. | ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil (zinforo, teflaro), is an advanced-generation, parenteral cephalosporin with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity in vitro against gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and multidrug resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis, but not pseudomonas aeruginosa. ceftaroline has demonstrated a low potential ... | 2013 | 23801418 |
| the antimicrobial activity of fruits from some cultivar varieties of rubus idaeus and rubus occidentalis. | raspberries, derived from different cultivar varieties, are a popular ingredient of everyday diet, and their biological activity is a point of interest for researchers. the ethanol-water extracts from four varieties of red (rubus idaeus'ljulin', 'veten', 'poranna rosa') and black (rubus occidentalis'litacz') raspberries were evaluated in the range of their antimicrobial properties as well as phenolic content - sanguiin h-6, free ellagic acid and anthocyanins. the antimicrobial assay was performe ... | 2014 | 25131001 |
| an antimicrobial evaluation of plants used for the treatment of respiratory infections in rural maputaland, kwazulu-natal, south africa. | abundant availability of medicinal plants in the study area offers low cost health care, but scientific validation is needed in order to lend credibility to the traditional use against respiratory infections. | 2012 | 22960551 |
| [increasing incidence of community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical microorganisms]. | knowing the most common microorganisms in our environment can help us to make proper empirical treatment decisions. the aim is to identify those microorganisms causing community-acquired pneumonia. | 2016 | 27773623 |
| [in vitro activity of sitafloxacin against clinical isolates in 2012]. | in vitro activity of sitafloxacin (stfx) and various oral antimicrobial agents against bacterial isolates recovered from clinical specimens between january and december 2012, at different healthcare facilities in japan was evaluated. a total of 1,620 isolates including aerobic and anaerobic organisms were available for the susceptibility testing using the microbroth dilution methods recommended by clinical and laboratory standards institute. the minimum inhibitory concentration of stfx at which ... | 2013 | 24649797 |
| antibacterial activity of wine phenolic compounds and oenological extracts against potential respiratory pathogens. | to investigate the effect of seven wine phenolic compounds and six oenological phenolic extracts on the growth of pathogenic bacteria associated with respiratory diseases (pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, moraxella catarrhalis, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus sp group f, streptococcus agalactiae and streptococcus pneumoniae). | 2012 | 22449241 |
| synthesis and structure-activity relationship of amidine derivatives of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene as novel antibacterial agents. | current antibacterial chemotherapeutics are facing an alarming increase in bacterial resistance pressuring the search for novel agents that would expand the available therapeutic arsenal against resistant bacterial pathogens. in line with these efforts, a series of 9 amidine derivatives of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene were synthesized and, together with 18 previously synthesized analogs, evaluated for their relative dna binding affinity, in vitro antibacterial activities and preliminary in vitro s ... | 2015 | 25461312 |
| otitis media: a review, with a focus on alternative treatments. | otitis media (om) is the accumulation of fluids in the middle ear, with or without symptoms of inflammation. the infection is caused by dysfunction or obstruction of the eustachian tube and is most commonly diagnosed in children under the age of two. the microbiology of om differs, with streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis the most commonly isolated pathogens. the emergence of penicillin-resistant strep. pneumoniae, β-lactamase-producing strains ... | 2009 | 26783131 |
| surveillance of omadacycline activity tested against clinical isolates from a global (north america, europe, latin america and asia-western pacific) collection (2010-2011). | omadacycline is a broad spectrum aminomethylcycline in late-stage clinical development for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia as both an oral and intravenous, once-daily formulation. in this report omadacycline and comparators were tested against 69,246 non-duplicate bacterial isolates collected prospectively during 2010 and 2011 from medical centers in asia-pacific (11,397 isolates), europe (23,490 isolates), latin america (8,038 isolates) and no ... | 2017 | 28223386 |
| [susceptibility of clinically-isolated bacteria strains to respiratory quinolones and evaluation of antimicrobial agent efficacy by monte carlo simulation]. | respiratory quinolones (rqs) are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of a wide variety of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. however, bacterial resistance to quinolones has been on the increase. in this study, we investigated the predicted efficacy of rqs for various strains of 9 bacterial species clinically isolated at our university hospital using the monte carlo simulation (mcs) method based on pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling. in addition, the infl ... | 2016 | 27290828 |
| [surveillance of in vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents for 11,762 clinical isolates obtained from 69 centers in 2013]. | antimicrobial susceptibility testing has been conducted continuously as postmarketing surveillance of levofloxacin (lvfx) since 1994. the present survey was undertaken to investigate in vitro susceptibilities of bacteria to 33 selected antibacterial agents, focusing on fluoroquinolones (fqs), using 11,762 clinical isolates for 19 species collected from 69 centers during 2013 in japan. the common respiratory pathogens streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, and ha ... | 2016 | 27290827 |
| oxazolidinone antimicrobials: a patent review (2012-2015). | antimicrobial resistance in gram-positive bacteria is a major health care issue. this review summarizes patent publications from 2012 to 2015 that divulged novel oxazolidinones as antibacterial agents. | 2016 | 26998627 |
| distribution of pathogens causing nosocomial infection in patients with bronchial asthma. | this study aimed to analyze nosocomial respiratory infection (nri) in patients with bronchial asthma. among the clinical data of 575 asthmatic patients that was collected and analyzed, 52 were diagnosed with nri. the most common gram-positive bacterial species was streptococcus pneumoniae, which was detected in 8 patients, whereas the predominant gram-negative bacteria included haemophilus influenzae (11 patients), moraxella catarrhalis (8 patients), and escherichia coli (7 patients). the simult ... | 2015 | 26662406 |
| synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 9-oxime acylides with improved bactericidal activity. | 9-oxime acylides have different sar and binding modes from 9-oxime ketolides. an aminopyridyl or carbamoylpyridyl group anchored at the end of the 9-oxime 2-propargyl group is beneficial for antimicrobial activity. both the 2-pyridyl and 3-pyridyl groups derived from 3-oh have stacking interactions with the base pair g2505/c2610 (escherichia coli numbering) of the bacterial rrna. compounds 3 presented characteristic features that belong to bactericidal agents when used against constitutive-erm r ... | 2015 | 26349628 |
| bacterial-resistance among outpatients of county hospitals in china: significant geographic distinctions and minor differences between central cities. | the purpose of this study was to survey antibacterial resistance in outpatients of chinese county hospitals. a total of 31 county hospitals were selected and samples continuously collected from august 2010 to august 2011. drug sensitivity testing was conducted in a central laboratory. a total of 2946 unique isolates were collected, including 634 strains of escherichia coli, 606 klebsiella pneumoniae, 476 staphylococcus aureus, 308 streptococcus pneumoniae, and 160 haemophilus influenzae. extende ... | 2015 | 25708671 |
| pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis to evaluate ceftaroline fosamil dosing regimens for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and complicated skin and skin-structure infections in patients with normal and impaired renal function. | in this study, the probability of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment (pta) of ceftaroline against clinical isolates causing community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (cabp) and complicated skin and skin-structure infection (csssi) in europe was evaluated. three dosing regimens were assessed: 600 mg every 12 h (q12 h) as a 1-h infusion (standard dose) or 600 mg every 8 h (q8 h) as a 2-h infusion in virtual patients with normal renal function; and 400 mg q12 h as a 1-h infusion in pati ... | 2015 | 25700566 |
| molecular analysis of low-level fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of moraxella catarrhalis. | we investigated antimicrobial susceptibility and the molecular mechanism underlying low-level resistance to fluoroquinolones in 70 non-duplicate clinical isolates of moraxella catarrhalis. the isolates were collected in a general hospital in tokyo, japan, between january and october 2013 from 38 men and 32 women; most of the isolates (48 out of 70, 68.5%) were obtained from post-nasal drips of children. the antimicrobial susceptibility of m. catarrhalis isolates was determined with an etest, and ... | 2014 | 24850882 |
| ceftaroline activity against organisms isolated from respiratory tract infections in usa hospitals: results from the aware program, 2009-2011. | the assessing worldwide antimicrobial resistance evaluation program monitors the activity of ceftaroline and comparator agents tested against pathogens causing either respiratory or skin and soft tissue infections. a total of 7733 isolates from patients in 80 medical centers across the united states (usa) identified as respiratory tract pathogens by the infection type and/or specimen site recorded by the submitting laboratory during 2009-2011 were evaluated. there were 3360 isolates of streptoco ... | 2014 | 24582578 |
| hira-tan: a real-time pcr-based system for the rapid identification of causative agents in pneumonia. | identification of the causative pathogen(s) of pneumonia would allow the selection of effective antibiotics and thus reduce the mortality rate and the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens. to identify such pathogens and to obtain these benefits, it is necessary that a clinical test is rapid, accurate, easily performed, and cost-effective. here, we devised a pcr-based test, named hira-tan, which is able to discriminate therapeutic targets from commensal organisms (e.g. streptococcus pneumoniae o ... | 2014 | 24411834 |
| activity of the antiseptic polyhexanide against gram-negative bacteria. | the activity of the antiseptic polyhexanide was tested against 250 gram-negative clinical isolates, that is, 50 isolates each of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, moraxella catarrhalis, and haemophilus influenzae. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) were determined by using a serial broth microdilution technique according to din 58940. time-kill studies were performed for reference stains e. coli atcc 25922, k. pn ... | 2014 | 24192397 |
| [antibacterial activity for clinical isolates from pediatric patients of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (1: 14) -outcomes of special drug use investigation on antibacterial activity (annual changes)]. | as a special drug use investigation, we monitored and assessed trends in antibacterial activity of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (1:14) (hereafter, "cva/ampc (1:14)") and other antimicrobial agents for clinical isolates from pediatric patients with otitis media or respiratory, skin, and urinary tract infections. against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis isolated and identified from otorrhea, epipharynx and rhinorrhea of pediatric patients with otitis media, th ... | 2013 | 24167843 |
| spectrum and potency of ceftaroline against leading pathogens causing community-acquired respiratory tract and skin and soft tissue infections in latin america, 2010. | ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, is a cephalosporin with in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms, including methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus, β-haemolytic and viridans group streptococci, and streptococcus pneumoniae, as well as common gram-negative organisms. in this study a total of 986 isolates collected in 2010 from patients in 15 medical centers in five latin american countries from the assessing worldw ... | 2013 | 23916453 |
| antimicrobial activity of prulifloxacin in comparison with other fluoroquinolones against community-acquired urinary and respiratory pathogens isolated in greece. | prulifloxacin, the prodrug of ulifloxacin, is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone rather recently introduced in certain european countries. we compared the antimicrobial potency of ulifloxacin with that of other fluoroquinolones against common urinary and respiratory bacterial pathogens. the microbial isolates were prospectively collected between january 2007 and may 2008 from patients with community-acquired infections in greece. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined for ciprofl ... | 2013 | 23686506 |
| antimicrobial activity of ceftaroline and comparator agents tested against bacterial isolates causing skin and soft tissue infections and community-acquired respiratory tract infections isolated from the asia-pacific region and south africa (2010). | ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, is a cephalosporin with in vitro bactericidal activity against resistant gram-positive organisms including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and multidrug-resistant strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, and common gram-negative organisms, including wild-type enterobacteriaceae. we evaluated the in vitro activity of ceftaroline and selected comparator agents against bacterial isolates collected from patients wi ... | 2013 | 23535208 |
| molecular mechanism of macrolide-lincosamide resistance in moraxella catarrhalis. | we identified a moraxella catarrhalis strain with high-level resistance to azithromycin (mic>256 mg l(-1)), nsh1, isolated from nasopharyngeal swab samples from an inpatient with acute bronchitis in a japanese hospital in 2011 and determined its mechanism of macrolide-lincosamide resistance. antimicrobial susceptibility of m. catarrhalis strains was determined using the etest and agar dilution methods. mutations in the four 23s rrna alleles, the ribosomal proteins l4 and l22, and methylase genes ... | 2012 | 22820696 |
| bacteriology of the paranasal sinuses in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients. | to review the characteristic microbiology of the paranasal sinuses in patients with cystic fibrosis who undergo endoscopic sinus surgery. to examine the subtypes of organisms cultured from the maxillary sinuses and determine their sensitivity to antibiotic therapy. | 2012 | 22513080 |
| restriction-modification systems interplay causes avoidance of gatc site in prokaryotic genomes. | palindromes are frequently underrepresented in prokaryotic genomes. palindromic 5[formula: see text]-gatc-3[formula: see text] site is a recognition site of different restriction-modification (r-m) systems, as well as solitary methyltransferase dam. classical gatc-specific r-m systems methylate gatc and cleave unmethylated gatc. on the contrary, methyl-directed type ii restriction endonucleases cleave methylated gatc. methylation of gatc by dam methyltransferase is involved in the regulation of ... | 2016 | 26972562 |
| respiratory bacterial culture from two sequential bronchoalveolar lavages of the same lobe in children with chronic cough. | identification of bacteria causing lower-airway infections is important to determine appropriate antimicrobial therapy. flexible bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) is used to obtain lower-airway specimens in young children. the first lavage (lavage-1) is typically used for bacterial culture. however, no studies in children have compared the detection of cultivable bacteria from sequential lavages of the same lobe. bal fluid was collected from two sequential lavages of the same lobe i ... | 2015 | 26399701 |
| panel 6: vaccines. | objective to review the literature on progress regarding (1) effectiveness of vaccines for prevention of otitis media (om) and (2) development of vaccine antigens for om bacterial and viral pathogens. data sources pubmed database of the national library of science. review methods we performed literature searches in pubmed for om pathogens and candidate vaccine antigens, and we restricted the searches to articles in english that were published between july 2011 and june 2015. panel members review ... | 2017 | 28372533 |
| the role of acute and chronic respiratory colonization and infections in the pathogenesis of copd. | copd is a major global concern, increasingly so in the context of ageing populations. the role of infections in disease pathogenesis and progression is known to be important, yet the mechanisms involved remain to be fully elucidated. while copd pathogens such as haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae are strongly associated with acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd), the clinical relevance of these pathogens in stable copd patients remains unclear. immune respo ... | 2017 | 28342288 |
| il-33/st2 immune responses to respiratory bacteria in pediatric asthma. | here we investigated the relationship between local bacterial colonization and anti-bacterial immune responses in pre-school asthmatic and control children within the eu-wide study predicta. in this cohort of pre-school asthmatic children, nasopharyngeal colonization with gram-negative bacteria such as haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis was found to be associated with the highest interferon beta (ifnβ) and il-33 levels in the nasal pharyngeal fluids (npf). il33r-st2 was found induc ... | 2017 | 28262704 |
| design, synthesis and structure-bactericidal activity relationships of novel 9-oxime ketolides and reductive epimers of acylides. | erythromycin was long viewed as a bacteriostatic agent. the erythromycin derivatives, 9-oxime ketolides have a species-specific bactericidal profile. among them, the 3'-allyl version of the 9-oxime ketolide 1 (ar=3-quinolyl; 17a) is bactericidal against streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes. in contrast, the 2-fluoro analogs of 1, 13a (ar=6-quinolyl), 13b (ar=3-quinolyl) and 24a (ar=4-isoquinolyl), show bactericidal activities against s. pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus and moraxe ... | 2017 | 28256375 |
| simultaneous detection of nine key bacterial respiratory pathogens using luminex xtag(®) technology. | early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to the outcome of lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). in this study, we developed an assay combining multiplex pcr and luminex technology (mplt) for the detection of nine important respiratory bacterial pathogens, which frequently cause lrtis. these were streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsie ... | 2017 | 28241513 |
| comparison of pathogen eradication rate and safety of anti-bacterial agents for bronchitis: a network meta-analysis. | a large number of population in both developing and developed countries are affected by bronchitis, among all the factors, bacterial infection was considered as a critical cause of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. although several anti-bacterial agents were proved to have the effect of alleviating bronchitis, their relative efficacies and potential side effects remained not clear. we are keen to compare the pathogen eradication rate and safety of anti-bacterial agents for bronchitis. | 2017 | 28230273 |
| do we need a vaccine against moraxella catarrhalis in chronic lung disease? what are the options and opportunities? | moraxella catarrhalis is the second most common cause of exacerbations in adults with copd, resulting in enormous morbidity and mortality in this clinical setting. vaccine development for m. catarrhalis has lagged behind the other two important causes of exacerbations in copd, nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae. while no licensed vaccine is currently available for m. catarrhalis, several promising candidate vaccine antigens have been identified and characterized and ... | 2017 | 28185742 |
| longitudinal assessment of sputum microbiome by sequencing of the 16s rrna gene in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients. | bronchiectasis is accompanied by chronic bronchial infection that may drive disease progression. however, the evidence base for antibiotic therapy is limited. dna based methods offer better identification and quantification of microbial constituents of sputum than standard clinical culture and may help inform patient management strategies. our study objective was to determine the longitudinal variability of the non-cystic fibrosis (cf) bronchiectasis microbiome in sputum with respect to clinical ... | 2017 | 28170403 |
| an investigation of the frequency of upper respiratory tract infection pathogens and their antibiotic patterns in tonsils and adenoids of adenotonsillectomy patients. | we aimed to investigate the potentially pathogenic bacteria of upper respiratory tract infections (urtis) and their susceptibilities to different antibiotics. | 2016 | 28164610 |
| prelp enhances host innate immunity against the respiratory tract pathogen moraxella catarrhalis. | respiratory tract infections are one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide urging better understanding of interactions between pathogens causing these infections and the host. here we report that an extracellular matrix component proline/arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein (prelp) is a novel antibacterial component of innate immunity. we detected the presence of prelp in human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and showed that prelp can be found in alveolar fluid, resident macrophages ... | 2017 | 28148731 |
| prospective evaluation of the aetiology of acute otitis media with spontaneous tympanic membrane perforation. | to evaluate the aetiological role of the main bacterial pathogens associated with acute otitis media (aom) in children with aom and spontaneous tympanic membrane perforation (stmp). | 2017 | 28110050 |
| aqueous humor antimicrobial activity: in vitro analysis after topical 0.5% chloramphenicol application. | to assess aqueous humor antimicrobial activity in vitro after topical 0.5% chloramphenicol application. | 2017 | 28085501 |
| nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory pathogens in warao amerindians: significant relationship with stunting. | to assess risk factors for nasopharyngeal carriage of potential pathogens in geographically isolated warao amerindians in venezuela. | 2017 | 28072501 |
| recent epidemiology of streptococcus pneumoniae in nasopharynxes of korean children with acute otitis media. | this prospective study was performed to evaluate serotype distribution, multilocus sequence typing, and antibiotic susceptibility of streptococcus pneumoniae identified in korean children with acute otitis media (aom) after the introduction of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7). | 2017 | 28024738 |
| natural development of antibodies against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis protein antigens during the first 13 years of life. | conserved protein antigens have been investigated as vaccine candidates against respiratory pathogens. we evaluated the natural development of antibodies against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis proteins during childhood. serum samples were collected from 50 healthy children from their first months to age 13 years (median sampling interval, 6 months). we also analyzed serum samples from 24 adults. serum igg antibodies against eight pneumococcal proteins ... | 2016 | 27581439 |
| comparative in vitro activities of ceftaroline and ceftriaxone against bacterial pathogens associated with respiratory tract infections: results from the aware surveillance study. | ceftaroline fosamil is indicated for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ceftriaxone has an indication for lower respiratory tract infections. this study was conducted to compare the relative in vitro activities of these two agents against bacterial species associated with community-associated respiratory tract infections. | 2016 | 27559120 |
| inflammation-associated cytokine analysis identifies presence of respiratory bacterial pathogens in the nasopharynx. | we sought to determine if inflammatory cytokines are induced during asymptomatic nasopharyngeal (np) colonization by the common respiratory bacteria streptococcus pneumoniae (spn), non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and moraxella catarrhalis (mcat). 85 serum samples were studied from 85 children 6-36 months of age when children were healthy and potentially np colonized with spn, nthi or mcat. immunoassays were used to quantitate serum sicam-1, il-10 and s100a12 levels. logistic regressio ... | 2016 | 27493063 |
| seasonal patterns and association of meteorological factors with infection caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in childhood community-acquired pneumonia in a tropical region. | | 2017 | 27464260 |
| in vitro activity of delafloxacin tested against isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. | delafloxacin, an investigational anionic fluoroquinolone, is active against a broad range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. in this study, 200 streptococcus pneumoniae (plus 30 levofloxacin-resistant isolates), 200 haemophilus influenzae, and 100 moraxella catarrhalis isolates selected primarily from the united states (2014) were tested against delafloxacin and comparator agents. delafloxacin was the most potent agent tested. mic50 and mic90 values against all s. pneumoniae isolates w ... | 2016 | 27458220 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis isolated from patients in bangkok, thailand. | | 2016 | 27436474 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis isolated from community-acquired respiratory tract infections in china: results from the cartips antimicrobial surveillance program. | this study investigated the antimicrobial susceptibilities of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis isolates causing adult community-acquired respiratory tract infections (cartis) in china. a multicentre resistance surveillance study (cartips) investigating 1046 clinical isolates from 19 hospitals in china was conducted from 2013 to 2014. based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) breakpoints of oral penicillin, the percentages of penicillin-resistan ... | 2016 | 27436464 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in young children in greenland: a population at high risk of respiratory infections. | the incidence of childhood respiratory infections in greenland is among the highest globally. we performed a population-based study of 352 greenlandic children aged 0-6 years aiming to describe rates and risk factors for carriage of four key bacteria associated with respiratory infections, their antimicrobial susceptibility and inter-bacterial associations. nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for streptococcus pneumoniae grouped by serotypes included (vt) or not included (nvt) in the 13-valent pneu ... | 2016 | 27405603 |
| [evaluation of safety and efficacy of tebipenem pivoxil granules for pediatric in pneumonia, otitis media and sinusitis]. | we conducted a postmarketing surveillance of tebipenem pivoxil granules (orapenem® fine granules 10% for pediatric), an oral carbapenem antibacterial agent, between april 2010 and march 2013 to evaluate the safety and efficacy in patients with pneumonia or otitis media, or sinusitis of 3,547 patients enrolled, 3,540 from whom survey forms were collected were analyzed. of these 3,540 patients, there were a total of 3,331 patients included in the safety analysis, 2,844 in the efficacy analysis, 2, ... | 2016 | 27290830 |
| detection of streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis in patients with paranasal chronic sinusitis by polymerase chain reaction method. | sinusitis is a complex involvement of the upper respiratory system by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other allergens. streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis are the dominant bacterial microorganisms involved in acute sinusitis, whereas in chronic sinusitis, staphylococcus aureus and some anaerobic bacteria are the prevailing pathogens. appropriate antibiotic treatment requires sinusitis bacteriology assessment. the aim of this study was to isolate bacteria in c ... | 2016 | 27282403 |
| pneumococcal vaccine impact on otitis media microbiology: a new zealand cohort study before and after the introduction of phid-cv10 vaccine. | we compared the microbiology of middle ear fluid (mef) in two cohorts of children having ventilation tube (vt) insertion; the first in the era of 7-valent streptococcus pneumoniae conjugate vaccine (pcv7) and the second following introduction of the ten-valent pneumococcal vaccine (phid-cv10). | 2016 | 27265454 |
| antibiotic resistance in pathogens causing acute otitis media in finnish children. | microbiology and susceptibility of middle ear pathogens in children change over time and antibiotic resistance is increasing globally. for the clinicians it is important to be up to date about the resistance situation when considering antibiotic treatment in acute otitis media (aom). in this study we analysed the resistance profile of aom pathogens in out-patient children in finland. | 2016 | 27240503 |
| impact of widespread introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal and nonpneumococcal otitis media. | pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (pcvs) impact on complex otitis media (om; including recurrent, nonresponsive, and chronic om with effusion) was greater than that on simple, acute om in previous studies. since complex om is often a polymicrobial disease, we speculated that reduction of complex om by pcvs would be associated with reduction of non-pneumococcal om. | 2016 | 27225239 |
| ten-year study of acute otitis media in rochester, ny. | this review summarizes a prospective, longitudinal 10-year study in rochester, ny, involving 760 children where virtually all clinically diagnosed acute otitis media (aom) was confirmed by bacterial culture of middle ear fluid. this review describes detection of otopathogens in middle ear fluid, nasopharyngeal (np) otopathogen colonization patterns, aom risk factor analysis, biomarkers of aom and antibody responses to np colonization by otopathogens. after licensure of pcv13, there was an immedi ... | 2016 | 27182898 |