| the effects of disodium cromoglycate on enhanced adherence of haemophilus influenzae to a549 cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) secondary infection often complicates respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. previous studies have revealed that rsv infections enhance nthi adherence to airway epithelial cells. in this study, we investigated the effects of disodium cromoglycate (dscg) and corticosteroids, which are frequently used for the treatment of wheezing often related to rsv infections, on the adherence of nthi to rsv-infected a549 cells. dscg inhibited enhanced adherence ... | 2009 | 19390482 |
| the cotton rat model of respiratory viral infections. | development of successful vaccines against human infectious diseases depends on using appropriate animal models for testing vaccine efficacy and safety. for some viral infections the task is further complicated by the frequently changing genetic make-up of the virus, as in the case of influenza, or by the existence of the little-understood phenomenon of vaccine-enhanced disease, as in the case of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the cotton rat sigmodon hispidus has been used for years as an ex ... | 2009 | 19394861 |
| robust and ubiquitous gfp expression in a single generation of chicken embryos using the avian retroviral vector, rcasbp. | functional genomics in avian models has lagged behind that of mammals, and the production of transgenic birds has proven to be challenging and time-consuming. all current methods rely upon breeding chimeric birds through at least one generation. here, we report a rapid method for the ubiquitous expression of gfp in chicken embryos in a single generation (g-0), using the avian retroviral vector, replication-competent avian sarcoma-leukosis virus, with a splice acceptor, bryan rsv pol (rcasbp). hi ... | 2009 | 19395148 |
| effective delivery of igg-antibodies into infected cells via dendritic molecular transporter conjugate iggmt. | igg antibody-transporter conjugates enable intracellular uptake of biologically active igg antibodies that inhibit viral mediated syncytia formation in respiratory syncytial virus green fluorescent protein (rsv-gfp) infected human epithelial cells (hep-2). | 2008 | 19396384 |
| effect of dexamethasone on respiratory syncytial virus-induced lung inflammation in children: results of a randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. | inflammatory mediators play a major role in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of i.v. dexamethasone on cytokine concentrations in tracheal aspirates (ta) of children with severe rsv disease and to correlate them with disease severity. twenty-five cytokines were measured in ta obtained from children <2 yr old intubated for severe rsv disease, and enrolled in a double-blind study of i.v. dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg; ... | 2009 | 19397752 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection promotes the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and accelerates th2 inflammation in mouse airway]. | to investigate the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (tslp) and th1/th2 balance in asthmatic mice. | 2009 | 19403406 |
| eleven consecutive years of respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in croatia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in infants. the aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of rsv outbreaks in croatian children. | 2009 | 19405923 |
| cold oxygen plasma technology efficiency against different airborne respiratory viruses. | respiratory infections caused by viruses are major causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. they account for an important mortality and morbidity worldwide. amongst these viruses, influenza viruses and paramyxoviruses are major pathogens. their transmission is mainly airborne, by direct transmission through droplets from infected cases. | 2009 | 19406687 |
| prospective population-based study of rsv-related intermediate care and intensive care unit admissions in switzerland over a 4-year period (2001-2005). | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are a leading cause of hospital admissions in small children. a substantial proportion of these patients require medical and nursing care, which can only be provided in intermediate (imc) or intensive care units (icu). this article reports on all children aged < 3 years who required admission to imc and/or icu between october 1, 2001 and september 30, 2005 in switzerland. | 2009 | 19412586 |
| infection-related mortality in children with malignancy in england and wales, 2003-2005. | infections are an important component of treatment-related mortality in children with malignancy. infection-related mortality is potentially preventable and it is important to identify areas where prevention and treatment can be improved such as through vaccination, early diagnosis and aggressive management. the aim of this study is to describe the infections contributing to deaths in children under 15 years with malignancy in england and wales in the period 2003-2005. | 2009 | 19415733 |
| recurrent wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus or non-respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy: a 3-year follow-up. | recent studies have suggested that rhinovirus-associated early wheezing is a greater risk factor for development of recurrent wheezing in children than is early wheezing associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). we determined the development of recurrent wheezing in young children within 3 years after hospitalization for rsv or non-rsv bronchiolitis. | 2009 | 19416146 |
| breastfeeding reduces the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection among young infants: a multi-center prospective study. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of breastfeeding on the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in early infancy. | 2009 | 19419530 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced activation and migration of respiratory dendritic cells and subsequent antigen presentation in the lung-draining lymph node. | in the respiratory tract, different dendritic cell (dc) populations guard a tight balance between tolerance and immunity to infectious or harmless materials to which the airways are continuously exposed. for infectious and noninfectious antigens administered via different routes, different subsets of dc might contribute during the induction of t-cell tolerance and immunity. we studied the impact of primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on respiratory dc composition in c57bl/6 mice. ... | 2009 | 19420085 |
| respiratory syncytial virus proteins modulate suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 and the type i interferon response to infection by a toll-like receptor pathway. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of repeat infections throughout life and potentially severe lower respiratory tract illness in infants, young children, and the elderly. rsv proteins have been shown to contribute to immune evasion by several means, including modification of cytokine and chemokine responses whose expression is negatively regulated by suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) proteins. in this study, we examine the role of socs1 and socs3 regulation of the type i ... | 2009 | 19435411 |
| anticancer oncolytic activity of respiratory syncytial virus. | oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging biotherapeutic platform for cancer treatment, which is based on selective infection/killing of cancer cells by viruses. herein we identify the human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as an oncolytic virus. using prostate cancer models, we show dramatic enhancement of rsv infectivity in vitro in the androgen-independent, highly metastatic pc-3 human prostate cancer cells compared to the non-tumorigenic rwpe-1 human prostate cells. the oncolytic efficiency of r ... | 2009 | 19444304 |
| upregulation of tlr7 and tlr3 gene expression in the lung of respiratory syncytial virus infected mice. | tlr7 and tlr3 (toll-like receptor, tlr) are important pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that recognize the single-strand rna and double-strand rna of virus-origin. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) could be recognized by both tlr7 and tlr3. we studied the kinetics and profile of lung tlr7 and tlr3 expression during the early phase of the rsv infection, and explored their expression correlation with pulmonary inflammatory response. | 2009 | 19445181 |
| proton-linked dimerization of a retroviral capsid protein initiates capsid assembly. | in mature retroviral particles, the capsid protein (ca) forms a shell encasing the viral replication complex. human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) ca dimerizes in solution, through its c-terminal domain (ctd), and this interaction is important for capsid assembly. in contrast, other retroviral capsid proteins, including that of rous sarcoma virus (rsv), do not dimerize with measurable affinity. here we show, using x-ray crystallography and other biophysical methods, that acidification causes rsv c ... | 2009 | 19446529 |
| heliox reduces respiratory system resistance in respiratory syncytial virus induced respiratory failure. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract disease is characterised by narrowing of the airways resulting in increased airway resistance, air-trapping and respiratory acidosis. these problems might be overcome using helium-oxygen gas mixture. however, the effect of mechanical ventilation with heliox in these patients is unclear. the objective of this prospective cross-over study was to determine the effects of mechanical ventilation with heliox 60/40 versus conventional gas on res ... | 2009 | 19450268 |
| [impact of a respiratory disease prevention program in high-risk preterm infants: a prospective, multicentric study]. | respiratory tract infections (rti), especially those caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), are of central concern in high-risk preterm infant care. prevention programs including new and costly interventions should be evaluated in terms of effectiveness and impact. | 2009 | 19452082 |
| emerging drugs for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was discovered > 40 years ago, treatment remains largely supportive. there are no safe and effective vaccines or specific treatments other than prophylaxis with passive antibody therapy (palivizumab). however, there are good reasons to think that the scene may soon change. as the pace of development of anti-viral drugs accelerates and optimism over vaccines increases, novel therapies are set to make a major impact in the management of this very common i ... | 2009 | 19453286 |
| human bocavirus infection in hospitalized children in italy. | human bocavirus (hbov) was first discovered in sweden in 2005 and has now been found worldwide; however its role in clinically relevant diseases has not yet been clearly defined. | 2008 | 19453422 |
| human coronavirus nl63 infections in infants hospitalised with acute respiratory tract infections in south africa. | human coronavirus nl63 (hcov-nl63) is a novel respiratory virus which is associated with respiratory tract infections in children. | 2008 | 19453465 |
| role of influenza and other respiratory viruses in admissions of adults to canadian hospitals. | we sought to estimate age-specific hospitalization rates attributed to influenza and other virus for adults. | 2008 | 19453488 |
| comparison of conventional and molecular detection of respiratory viruses in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. | sensitive detection of respiratory viruses is important for early diagnosis of infection in patients following hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct). to evaluate the relative sensitivity of respiratory virus detection in specimens from hct recipients, we compared the results of conventional and quantitative molecular methods. | 2009 | 19453994 |
| prevalence of human respiratory viruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections in beijing, 2005-2007. | to determine the aetiological role and epidemiological profile of common respiratory viruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections (artis), a 2-year study was conducted in beijing, china, from may 2005 to july 2007. nose and throat swab samples from 5808 arti patients were analysed by pcr methods for common respiratory viruses, including influenza viruses (ifvs) a, b, and c, parainfluenza viruses (pivs) 1-4, enteroviruses (evs), human rhinoviruses (hrvs), respiratory syncytial virus ... | 2009 | 19456830 |
| identification of gene biomarkers for respiratory syncytial virus infection in a bronchial epithelial cell line. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection involves complex virus-host interplay. in this study, we analyzed gene expression in rsv-infected beas-2b cells to discover novel signaling pathways and biomarkers. we hybridized rnas from rsv- or vehicle-treated beas-2b to affymetrix hu133 plus 2.0 microarrays (n = 4). at 4 and 24 h post-infection, 277 and 900 genes (rsv/control ratio >/=2.0 or </=0.5), and 1 and 12 pathways respectively were significantly altered. twenty-three and 92 genes at 4 and 2 ... | 2009 | 19459069 |
| comparison of the cost of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus disease versus palivizumab prophylaxis in canadian inuit infants. | the objectives were to compare actual respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization rates and costs in a cohort of inuit infants to hypothetical palivizumab prophylaxis strategies for infants of all gestational ages in the eastern canadian arctic. | 2009 | 19461555 |
| risk-scoring tool for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in premature infants born at 33-35 completed weeks' gestational age in canada. | to study the impact of the risk-scoring tool (rst) as a strategy for targeting prophylaxis effectively in 33-35-week gestational age (ga) canadian infants who range from low to high risk by evaluating the subsequent incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections resulting in emergency room (er) visits and hospitalization. | 2009 | 19469698 |
| [relationship of levels of cd4(+)cd25(+) regulatory t cells and expression of foxp3 mrna in peripheral blood with serum immunoglobulin e level in children with bronchiolitis]. | to study the roles of cd4(+)cd25(+) regulatory t cells and foxp3 mrna in peripheral blood as well as serum total immunoglobulin e (ige) in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2009 | 19470254 |
| cytokine responses in cord blood predict the severity of later respiratory syncytial virus infection. | it has been claimed that an early respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can induce asthma and recurrent wheezing. | 2009 | 19482350 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis among preterm infants--four seasons' experience]. | respiratory syncitial virus (rsv) is the main reason of hospitalizations due to respiratory tract infection in children within the first year of life. the course of infection is more severe in children from a risk group, which includes children who were born preterm, these with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), children with heart defects significantly influencing their hemodynamics, and immunocompromised children. palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody class igg-1 used to prevent rsv in ... | 2009 | 19485253 |
| cost-utility analysis of palivizumab in italy: results from a simulation model in the prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infection (rsv) among high-risk preterm infants. | abstract: | 2009 | 19490659 |
| epidemiological assessment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized infants, during the season 2005-2006 in palermo, italy. | abstract: | 2009 | 19490666 |
| surveillance for healthcare-acquired febrile respiratory infection in pediatric hospitals participating in the canadian nosocomial infection surveillance program. | to determine the rates of healthcare-acquired febrile respiratory infection (ha-fri) in canadian pediatric hospitals and to determine the vaccination status of patients with healthcare-acquired respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, influenza, or pneumococcal infection who were also eligible for immunoprophylaxis. | 2009 | 19496653 |
| neutrophil tlr4 expression is reduced in the airways of infants with severe bronchiolitis. | in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis, neutrophils account for >80% of cells recovered from the airways in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid. this study investigated neutrophil activation and toll-like receptor (tlr) expression in the blood and lungs of infants with severe rsv bronchiolitis. | 2009 | 19497921 |
| identification of glycosylated sites in rapana hemocyanin by mass spectrometry and gene sequence, and their antiviral effect. | molluscan hemocyanins (hcs) have recently received particular interest due to their significant immunostimulatory properties. this is mainly related to their high carbohydrate content and specific monosaccharide composition. we have now analyzed the oligosaccharides and the carbohydrate linkage sites of the rapana venosa hemocyanin (rvh) using different approaches. we analyzed a number of glycopeptides by lc/esi-ms/ms and identified the sugar chains and peptide sequences of 12 glycopeptides. add ... | 2009 | 19499947 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced dysregulation of expression of a mucosal beta-defensin augments colonization of the upper airway by non-typeable haemophilus influenzae. | otitis media (om) is a polymicrobial disease wherein upper respiratory tract viruses compromise host airway defences, which allows bacterial flora of the nasopharynx (np) access to the middle ear. we have shown, in vitro, that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a viral co-pathogen of om, reduces transcript abundance of the antimicrobial peptide (ap), chinchilla beta-defensin-1 (cbd-1). here, we demonstrated that chinchillas inoculated with rsv expressed approximately 40% less cbd-1 mrna and prot ... | 2009 | 19500108 |
| rapid detection of respiratory picornaviruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates by immunofluorescence assay. | respiratory picornaviruses (enteroviruses and rhinoviruses) are commonly cited as causes of self-limited upper respiratory tract infection. however, it has recently been suggested that they may cause more severe respiratory disease. immunofluorescence (if) assays are rapid and inexpensive and are often used for the detection of respiratory viruses. | 2009 | 19502108 |
| respiratory syncytial virus impairs macrophage ifn-alpha/beta- and ifn-gamma-stimulated transcription by distinct mechanisms. | macrophages are the primary lung phagocyte and are instrumental in maintenance of a sterile, noninflamed microenvironment. ifns are produced in response to bacterial and viral infection, and activate the macrophage to efficiently counteract and remove pathogenic invaders. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) inhibits ifn-mediated signaling mechanisms in epithelial cells; however, the effects on ifn signaling in the macrophage are currently unknown. we investigated the effect of rsv infection on ifn ... | 2010 | 19502390 |
| respiratory pathogens in respiratory tract illnesses during the first year of life: a birth cohort study. | respiratory virus infections are the most important trigger of respiratory illnesses in childhood. data on the occurrence and the clinical impact of respiratory pathogens in the general population of infants are scarce. therefore, we described the occurrence and clinical impact of respiratory pathogens in infants with respiratory tract infections during the first year of life. | 2009 | 19504730 |
| rna interference-mediated silencing of the respiratory syncytial virus nucleocapsid defines a potent antiviral strategy. | we describe the design and characterization of a potent human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nucleocapsid gene-specific small interfering rna (sirna), aln-rsv01. in in vitro rsv plaque assays, aln-rsv01 showed a 50% inhibitory concentration of 0.7 nm. sequence analysis of primary isolates of rsv showed that the sirna target site was absolutely conserved in 89/95 isolates, and aln-rsv01 demonstrated activity against all isolates, including those with single-mismatch mutations. in vivo, intrana ... | 2009 | 19506055 |
| secondary rna structure and its role in rna interference to silence the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein gene. | rna interference (rnai) is a post-transcriptional, gene silencing mechanism which uses small interfering rna molecules (sirna) for gene silencing. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important respiratory pathogen of medical significance that causes high mortality in infants. the fusion (f) protein of rsv is a good target for therapeutic purposes as it is primarily responsible for penetration of the virus into host cells and subsequent syncytium formation during infection. in the present stu ... | 2009 | 19507066 |
| transmission of respiratory syncytial virus at the paediatric intensive-care unit: a prospective study using real-time pcr. | transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) from children with lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) at a paediatric intensive-care unit (picu) was examined using a highly sensitive real-time pcr. twenty-four children with rsv lrti were admitted during the study period (total days of potential transmission: 239). forty-eight rsv-negative patients were followed up for rsv acquisition every 5 days (total days of exposure: 683). no single rsv transmission was documented with this highly se ... | 2010 | 19523052 |
| mesenchymal stem cells over-expressing sdf-1 promote angiogenesis and improve heart function in experimental myocardial infarction in rats. | in addition to its multipotent capability, the mesenchymal stem cell (msc) can secrete and supply a large amount of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf). the stromal-derived factor-1 alpha (sdf-1alpha) plays an important role in the homing of stem cells to the injured tissues of the heart. therefore, the mscs over-expressing sdf-1alpha could augment the angiogenesis pathway. | 2009 | 19524448 |
| [usefulness of different risk factor associations in predicting admissions due to respiratory syncytial virus in premature newborns of 32 to 35 weeks gestation in spain]. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factor associations for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization in preterm infants from 32 to 35 weeks gestation, treated during two consecutive rsv seasons in spain. | 2009 | 19524492 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection alters surfactant protein a expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells by reducing translation efficiency. | infection of neonatal lung by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of respiratory dysfunction. lung alveolar type ii and bronchiolar epithelial (clara) cells secrete surfactant protein a (sp-a), a collectin that is an important component of the pulmonary innate immune system. sp-a binds to the virus, targeting the infectious agent for clearance by host defense mechanisms. we have previously shown that while the steady-state level of sp-a mrna increases approximately threefold afte ... | 2009 | 19525387 |
| application of rt-pcr for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections in bulgaria, 2006-7 and 2007-8. | we describe here the results of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) detection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) during two consecutive seasons, from december 2006 to february 2007 and from october 2007 to march 2008, performed in the national laboratory of influenza and acute respiratory diseases, bulgaria. a total number of 278 nasopharyngeal samples obtained from hospitalised children up to the age of five years were investigated for these two seasons. during the first ... | 2009 | 19531340 |
| antigenic presentation of heterologous epitopes engineered into the outer surface-exposed helix 4 loop region of human papillomavirus l1 capsomeres. | human papillomavirus (hpv) l1 capsid proteins can self-assemble into pentamers (capsomeres) that are immunogenic and can elicit neutralizing antibodies. structural modelling of l1 inter-pentameric interactions predicts that helix 4 (h4) of each of the five l1 monomers project laterally and outwards from the pentamer. we sought to utilize hpv l1 capsomeres as a vaccine platform by engineering heterologous epitopes within l1 derivatives deleted for h4 domain. | 2009 | 19538743 |
| risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation in children with heart disease. | to assess the risk and risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation and determinants of the severity of rsv disease in children with heart disease. | 2009 | 19541682 |
| [construction and identification of replication deficient recombinant adenovirus encoding f gene of subgroup a human respiratory syncytial virus]. | a strain of replication deficient recombinant adenvirus encoding fusion glycoprotein (f) of subgroup a human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was constructed and the expression of f was identified. | 2008 | 19544635 |
| [in vitro inhibitory mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus with solution prescription of zhidanhuayu]. | to study the effective part of solution prescription of zhidanhuayu (zdhy) against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in vitro. | 2008 | 19544654 |
| therapeutic monoclonal antibody treatment targeting respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein mediates viral clearance and reduces the pathogenesis of rsv infection in balb/c mice. | because the g protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has a cx3c chemokine motif that has been associated with the ability of rsv g protein to modulate the virus-induced host immune response, we examined whether therapeutic treatment with an anti-rsv g monoclonal antibody (mab), 131-2g, that blocks the cx3c-associated activity of rsv g protein might decrease the pulmonary inflammation associated with infection in balb/c mice. the results show that treatment with mab 131-2g on day 3 after rs ... | 2009 | 19545210 |
| use of anionic polymer, poly(methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride)-coated beads for capture of respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children, and a major public health concern in pediatrics. however, current diagnostic methods for rsv are not sufficiently sensitive. in addition, there is no simple method for enhancing rsv detection. here, a method for capturing rsv from nasal fluid has been developed using magnetic beads coated with an anionic polymer, poly(methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydrate ... | 2009 | 19546003 |
| rs virus-induced inflammation and the intracellular glutathione redox state in cultured human airway epithelial cells. | there is ample evidence that asthma is mediated by oxidative stress and that viral infection, which is associated with asthma onset and exacerbation in infants, acts as one type of oxidative stress. the goal of this study was to determine whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces oxidative stress in cultured a549 human airway epithelial cells and normal human bronchial epithelial cells (nhbe), and whether such rsv-induced oxidative stress can induce airway inflammation. to evaluate the d ... | 2009 | 19548075 |
| distribution and seasonality of rhinovirus and other respiratory viruses in a cross-section of asthmatic children in trinidad, west indies. | childhood asthma in the caribbean is advancing in prevalence and morbidity. though viral respiratory tract infections are reported triggers for exacerbations, information on these infections with asthma is sparse in caribbean territories. we examined the distribution of respiratory viruses and their association with seasons in acute and stable asthmatic children in trinidad. | 2009 | 19555507 |
| respiratory viral infections detected by multiplex pcr among pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infections seen at an urban hospital in delhi from 2005 to 2007. | acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. information on viral etiology in alri from india is limited. the aim of the present study was to develop a simple, sensitive, specific and cost effective multiplex pcr (mpcr) assay without post pcr hybridization or nested pcr steps for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses (piv1-3) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv). naso ... | 2009 | 19558656 |
| respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine based on a recombinant fusion protein expressed transiently in mammalian cells. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and adults at risk, no rsv vaccine is currently available. in this report, efforts toward the generation of an rsv subunit vaccine using recombinant rsv fusion protein (rrsv-f) are described. the recombinant protein was produced by transient gene expression (tge) in suspension-adapted human embryonic kidney cells (hek-293e) in 4 l orbitally shaken bioreactors. it was then purified and formulated ... | 2009 | 19559121 |
| prevalence of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis in samples submitted for rsv screening. | the clinical presentation of bordetella pertussis can overlap with that of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv); however, management differs. | 2008 | 19561728 |
| [neutrophil activation and protease imbalance in respiratory tract of infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis]. | to better understand the neutrophil activation and protease imbalance in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. | 2009 | 19567118 |
| respiratory disorders and hospitalization rates during the second rsv season in preterm infants who received palivizumab prophylaxis during their first rsv season. | this prospective study evaluated the frequency and severity of respiratory symptoms during the second respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) season in an italian cohort of preterm infants (< or = 35 weeks) who had received palivizumab prophylaxis in their first year of life (october 2004-april 2005) and who had not previously been hospitalized for rsv-induced lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). infants were evaluated at enrolment (may-september 2005), in october/november 2005 and in april 2006. ... | 2009 | 19567351 |
| a meta-analysis of the effect of antibody therapy for the prevention of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the primary objective of this meta-analytic study was to determine the impact of rsv-igiv and palivizumab on risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related hospitalization. secondary objectives were to determine if antibody therapy decreases the risk of rsv infection, intensive care admission, mechanical ventilation, and mortality in high risk infant populations. | 2009 | 19575815 |
| genotypes and clinical data of respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus in brazilian infants: a new perspective. | the aim of this study was to determine if there was a correlation between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and metapneumovirus (mpv) genotypes and clinical data of brazilian infants hospitalized for acute lower respiratory infection. the viruses in the patients' nasopharyngeal secretions were studied using the polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis. the study assessed 144 infants; 31.9% were rsv positive and 5.6% were mpv positive. statistical analysis was performed using the chi-s ... | 2009 | 19578627 |
| stat1 negatively regulates lung basophil il-4 expression induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection. | il-4 contributes to immunopathology induced in mice by primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. however, the cellular source of il-4 in rsv infection is unknown. we identified cd3(-)cd49b(+) cells as the predominant source of il-4 in the lungs of rsv-infected balb/c mice. we ruled out t cells, nk cells, nkt cells, mast cells, and eosinophils as il-4 expressors in rsv infection by flow cytometry. using il4 gfp reporter mice (4get) mice, we identified the il-4-expressing cells in rsv i ... | 2009 | 19587017 |
| rous sarcoma growth in lines congenic for major histocompatibility (b) complex recombinants. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-induced tumor growth was examined in congenic lines of chickens with different major histocompatibility (b) complex recombinant haplotypes on the highly inbred line ucd 003 (b17b17) genetic background. males bearing an individual b complex recombinant were mated to ucd 003 females followed by 10 backcross generations. matings among heterozygotes for each recombinant produced homozygous chickens estimated to contain 99.9% of the line ucd 003 background genome. the 5 lines ... | 2009 | 19590074 |
| pulmonary eosinophilia is attenuated by early responding cd8(+) memory t cells in a murine model of rsv vaccine-enhanced disease. | vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine results in enhanced respiratory tract inflammation and injury following subsequent rsv infection. rsv vaccine-enhanced disease can also be produced in mice by prior vaccination with a vaccinia virus vector containing the rsv g protein, followed by intranasal infectious rsv challenge, a process characterized by induction of a potent memory cd4(+) t-cell response to challenge infection with some features characteristic ... | 2009 | 19594395 |
| respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors. part 7: structure-activity relationships associated with a series of isatin oximes that demonstrate antiviral activity in vivo. | a series of bezimidazole-isatin oximes were prepared and profiled as inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) replication in cell culture. structure-activity relationship studies were directed toward optimization of antiviral activity, cell permeability and metabolic stability in human liver micorosomes (hlm). parallel combinatorial synthetic chemistry was employed to functionalize isatin oximes via o-alkylation which quickly identified a subset of small, lipophilic substituents that esta ... | 2009 | 19596574 |
| a whisper from the silent lung zone. | multiple breath inert gas washout (mbw) is now regarded as "an insightful, sound, and useful tool to explore the lung and its response to injury in all of its compartments". we describe the important finding of pronounced intra-acinar airways response to indirect challenge testing, detected using mbw but missed by spirometry, in an adolescent with evidence of airway inflammation, and a background of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection as an infant. these tests were performed as pa ... | 2009 | 19598269 |
| the role of toll pathways in viral respiratory disease during early childhood. | virus-induced respiratory disease accounts for the majority of hospitalizations of young children during the winter months. the major viral causes of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children are respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), rhinovirus, metapneumovirus (hmpv), parainfluenza virus 3 (piv-3), and influenza. the primary antiviral mechanism involves the activation of cytotoxic t cells and the clearance of virus-infected epithelial cells, and toll-like receptors that recognize mic ... | 2009 | 19601804 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and asthma - insights from recent studies and implications for therapy. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infection in infants. it is accompanied by a considerably disease burden and a hospitalisation rate of up to 3% in infected infants. besides, it is still a matter of intensive discussion whether severe rsv infection in early infancy causes the development of asthma later in live or whether rsv bronchiolitis just chronologically precedes asthma in children who are susceptible to asthma. the la ... | 2009 | 19601880 |
| predictive value of the respiratory syncytial virus risk-scoring tool in the term infant in canada. | palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has been widely adopted for high-risk infants during the rsv season, based on country-specific guidelines. | 2009 | 19604126 |
| antiviral activity of daphnoretin isolated from wikstroemia indica. | the ethanol extract of wikstroemia indica was fractionated with organic solvents of different polarities, and various fractions were screened for their antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using a cytopathic effect (cpe) reduction assay. the ethyl acetate fraction was most active against rsv with 50% inhibition concentration (ic(50)) value < 3.9 microg/ml and a selectivity index (si) > 64.1. further isolation and purification of the fraction led to a purified compound, da ... | 2010 | 19610034 |
| [influenza surveillance results in 2007-2008 winter season in nine provinces of turkey]. | influenza virus infections constitute a serious public health problem owing to their epidemic and pandemic potential. turkish ministry of health established the national influenza surveillance programme in two institutes to detect the virus types leading to the illness and the efficiency of the seasonal vaccine. influenza surveillance is performed by refik saydam hygiene center, national influenza laboratory in nine provinces (which are located at central, northeast, south and east parts of turk ... | 2009 | 19621608 |
| identification of influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus during rhinopharyngitis in a group of mexican children with asthma and wheezing. | viral infections can promote allergic sensitization in genetically susceptible individuals. besides, they are the main cause of wheezing in children. | 2009 | 19623785 |
| clinical evaluation of nuclisens magnetic extraction and nuclisens analytical specific reagents for the real-time detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in paediatric respiratory specimens. | to evaluate the combination of nuclisens magnetic extraction and nuclisens analytical specific reagents (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france) for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) from a variety of respiratory samples. | 2009 | 19625288 |
| respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural proteins decrease levels of multiple members of the cellular interferon pathways. | viruses of the paramyxoviridae family, such as the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), suppress cellular innate immunity represented by type i interferon (ifn) for optimal growth in their hosts. the two unique nonstructural (ns) proteins, ns1 and ns2, of rsv suppress ifn synthesis, as well as ifn function, but their exact targets are still uncharacterized. here, we investigate if either or both of the ns proteins affect the steady-state levels of key members of the ifn pathway. we found that both ... | 2009 | 19625398 |
| prevalence and clinical characterization of a newly identified human rhinovirus c species in children with acute respiratory tract infections. | human rhinovirus c (hrv-c) is a newly identified genotype of hrv found in patients with respiratory tract infections (rtis); however, its epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics are not well understood. in this study, chinese children with rtis were screened for hrv-c and their epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed. from december 2006 to november 2007, 406 nasopharyngeal aspirates from children younger than 14 years of age with rtis were screened for hrv and oth ... | 2009 | 19625482 |
| adeno-associated virus serotype-9 efficiently transduces the retinal outer plexiform layer. | adeno-associated virus serotype-9 (aav-9) is a promising gene delivery vector. in this study, we evaluated aav-9 transduction in the mouse retina. | 2009 | 19626133 |
| incidence of common respiratory viral infections related to climate factors in hospitalized children in hong kong. | hong kong has a subtropical climate and an influenza seasonality lying approximately mid-way (march-june) between those of the northern (november-march) and southern (june-september) hemispheres. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) shares a similar seasonality to that of influenza in hong kong and is another important respiratory infection of childhood. daily virus incidence data from public hospitals in hong kong's new territory east cluster, together with hong kong climate data were obtained for ... | 2010 | 19631018 |
| rna viruses in community-acquired childhood pneumonia in semi-urban nepal; a cross-sectional study. | pneumonia is among the main causes of illness and death in children <5 years of age. there is a need to better describe the epidemiology of viral community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in developing countries. | 2009 | 19635124 |
| construction of an muc-1 promoter driven, conditionally replicating adenovirus that expresses the sodium iodide symporter for gene therapy of breast cancer. | the sodium iodide symporter (nis) directs the uptake and concentration of iodide in thyroid cells. this in turn allows radioiodine imaging and therapy for thyroid cancer. to extend the use of nis-mediated radioiodine therapy to other types of cancer, we successfully transferred and expressed the sodium-iodide symporter (nis) gene in prostate, colon, and breast cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro by using non-replicating adenoviral vectors. | 2009 | 19635153 |
| potential role of soluble trail in epithelial injury in children with severe rsv infection. | lower respiratory tract infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of acute lung injury in young children and infants. studies in adults and animals suggest that tumor necrosis factor receptor (tnfr) ligands may mediate lung injury by causing apoptosis of epithelial cells. the main goal of the present study was to determine whether the tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (apo2l/trail) pathway may be implicated in epithelial injury during severe rsv infection in children ... | 2010 | 19635930 |
| safety and antiviral activity of motavizumab, a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific humanized monoclonal antibody, when administered to rsv-infected children. | previously healthy children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) received motavizumab (3, 15, or 30 mg/kg intravenously), an rsv-specific monoclonal antibody, or placebo. safety, tolerability, motavizumab concentrations, and immunogenicity were assessed. cultivatable rsv in the upper respiratory tract was significantly reduced with motavizumab compared with placebo day 1 post-treatment. no adverse events were considered motavizumab-related by site investigators. | 2009 | 19636278 |
| respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit. | nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a serious, preventable cause of rsv infection. passive rsv prophylaxis became available in 1996. we compared the rsv nosocomial infection rate in our neonatal intensive care unit before and after rsv prophylaxis, using nosocomial rotavirus infections as a comparator. there were no significant differences between nosocomial rsv infection rates before and after institution of prophylaxis. | 2009 | 19636282 |
| 1h, 13c, and 15n resonance assignment of the n-terminal domain of mason-pfizer monkey virus capsid protein, ca 1-140. | mason-pfizer monkey virus (m-pmv) belongs to the family of betaretroviruses characterized by the assembly of immature particles within cytoplasm of infected cells in contrast to other retroviruses (e.g. hiv, rsv) that assemble their immature particles at a plasma membrane. simultaneously with or shortly after budding a virus-encoded protease is activated and the gag polyprotein is cleaved into three major structural proteins: matrix (ma), capsid (ca), and nucleocapsid (nc) protein. mature retrov ... | 2008 | 19636921 |
| simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infection using two different multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assays. | a 4-tube multiplex rt-pcr (mrt-pcr), which showed higher sensitivity over conventional methods, was previously developed for the diagnosis of 14 viral pathogens of the respiratory tract. herein the mrt-pcr was compared to the commercial luminex mpcr-microsphere flow cytometry assay (resplex ii) which allows the detection of 12 different viruses. eleven different viruses were identified in 91 nasopharyngeal swabs of children with acute respiratory infection, influenza a (iav) and b, respiratory s ... | 2009 | 19638288 |
| rapid semiautomated subtyping of influenza virus species during the 2009 swine origin influenza a h1n1 virus epidemic in milwaukee, wisconsin. | in the spring of 2009, a novel influenza a (h1n1) virus (swine origin influenza virus [s-oiv]) emerged and began causing a large outbreak of illness in milwaukee, wi. our group at the midwest respiratory virus program laboratory developed a semiautomated real-time multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assay (seasonal), employing the nuclisens easymag system (biomérieux, durham, nc) and a raider thermocycler (handylab inc., ann arbor, mi), that typed influenza a virus, influenza b virus, and respir ... | 2009 | 19641066 |
| [practical pediatric aspects of palivizumab]. | palivizumab (synagis) is a monoclonal antibody directed against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), for reducing mortality and morbidity in infants at risk of cardio-respiratory impairement due to bronchiolitis: 1. prematurity less than 28 weeks and less than 1 year of age; 2. between 28 and 32 weeks plus mechanical ventilation and less than 6 months of age; 3. chronic lung deficiency and less than 2 years of age; 4. congenital cardiopathy with either desaturation, pulmonary hypertension or c ... | 2009 | 19642467 |
| [study on the inhibitory effect of reduqing oral liquid on respiratory syncytial virus in vitro]. | to explore the antiviral effect of reduqing oral liquid on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2009 | 19645247 |
| codon stabilization analysis of the "248" temperature sensitive mutation for increased phenotypic stability of respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidates. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory tract illness worldwide. presently, the most promising vaccine candidate is a live, attenuated, cdna-derived virus, rsv ra2cp248/404/1030deltash, whose attenuation phenotype is based in large part on a series of point mutations including a glutamine to leucine (q to l) substitution at amino acid residue 831 of the polymerase protein l, a mutation originally called "248". this mutation speci ... | 2009 | 19646406 |
| incidence of apnea in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a systematic review. | to determine the incidence of apnea in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and identify relevant risk factors from the available literature. | 2009 | 19647839 |
| ngf is an essential survival factor for bronchial epithelial cells during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | overall expression of neurotrophins in the respiratory tract is upregulated in infants infected by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), but it is unclear where (structural vs. inflammatory cells, upper vs. lower airways) and why, these changes occur. we analyzed systematically the expression of neurotrophic factors and receptors following rsv infection of human nasal, tracheal, and bronchial epithelial cells, and tested the hypothesis that neurotrophins work as innate survival factors for infe ... | 2009 | 19649262 |
| [viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection in hospitalized children from suzhou]. | to investigate the viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection (ari) in hospitalized children from suzhou of china. | 2009 | 19650982 |
| evaluation of the cepheid respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus a/b real-time pcr analyte specific reagent. | two rapid real-time rt-pcr assays, specific for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a and b, were evaluated for the detection of these viruses in clinical respiratory samples. the rsv assay was applied to 100 samples and the influenza a and b assay applied to 96 samples all of which had been tested previously by an "in-house" multiplex real-time pcr assay. forty-three samples were negative for rsv by both methods and 56 samples were positive by both methods. one sample was negative b ... | 2009 | 19651159 |
| a dose-ranging study of a subunit respiratory syncytial virus subtype a vaccine with and without aluminum phosphate adjuvantation in adults > or =65 years of age. | we studied the safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-a vaccine containing subunit antigens f, g and m in older persons, and its effect on influenza vaccine immunogenicity. in a dose-ranging, placebo-controlled, blinded trial 561 adults > or =65 years of age at five canadian sites were randomized to one intramuscular injection of either 100, 50 or 25 microg rsv-a-alum vaccine or 100 microg non-adjuvanted rsv-a vaccine, or alum-placebo. all participants were offered inac ... | 2009 | 19651171 |
| preventing rsv bronchiolitis in vulnerable infants: the role of palivizumab. | as the vast majority of infants tolerate infection with the respiratory syncytial virus [rsv] well and can be managed in the home, most should not be considered for rsv prophylaxis with palivizumab. however, there exists a subset of vulnerable infants in whom the consequences of rsv infection are greater, with an increased likelihood of intensive care admission and mechanical ventilation. these include children born extremely preterm with chronic neonatal lung disease and infants with haemodynam ... | 2009 | 19651385 |
| severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infants with neuromuscular diseases and immune deficiency syndromes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infants and children. there is growing evidence of severe rsv disease in infants with neuromuscular diseases and immune deficiency syndromes. factors predisposing to a more severe course of rsv disease in neuromuscular diseases include the impaired ability to clear secretions from the airways due to ineffective cough, respiratory muscle weakness, high prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux and ... | 2009 | 19651386 |
| understanding respiratory syncytial virus(rsv) in infancy at the sixth global experts' meeting (gem). introduction. | | 2009 | 19651388 |
| the year in review. | over the last year there have been more studies determining predisposition to severe bronchiolitis and its consequences. studies have highlighted various single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) to be significantly associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation, and a candidate gene approach demonstrated that innate immune gene snps had the strongest association with bronchiolitis. the impact of 'other' viruses (rsv, influenza, adenovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, human metapn ... | 2009 | 19651389 |
| the relationship of meteorological conditions to the epidemic activity of respiratory syncytial virus. | our aim was to obtain knowledge of how meteorological conditions affect community epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we recorded year-round rsv activity in nine cities that differ markedly in geographic location and climate. we correlated local weather conditions with weekly or monthly rsv cases, and reviewed similar reports from other areas varying in climate. community activity of rsv is substantial when both ambient temperatures and absolute humidity are very high, perh ... | 2009 | 19651390 |
| nosocomial rsv infection control and outbreak management. | the incidence of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in different areas of the world is not well known. however, it is clear that rsv infection of hospitalized infants with congenital heart disease or following preterm birth is highly relevant. nosocomial rsv infection in these high-risk group infants often follows a severe course of disease, even resulting in mortality. transmission of rsv mainly occurs through direct contact, but not through inhalation. consequently, prevent ... | 2009 | 19651394 |