| genetic differences in hemoglobin function between highland and lowland deer mice. | in high-altitude vertebrates, adaptive changes in blood-o(2) affinity may be mediated by modifications of hemoglobin (hb) structure that affect intrinsic o(2) affinity and/or responsiveness to allosteric effectors that modulate hb-o(2) affinity. this mode of genotypic specialization is considered typical of mammalian species that are high-altitude natives. here we investigated genetically based differences in hb-o(2) affinity between highland and lowland populations of the deer mouse (peromyscus ... | 2010 | 20639417 |
| natural history of sin nombre virus infection in deer mice in urban parks in oregon. | sin nombre virus (snv), one of at least 45 hantaviruses described worldwide, is hosted by the deer mouse, peromyscus maniculatus, a common species throughout most of north america. herein, we describe general life-history characteristics of deer mice and the ways in which these factors relate to the incidence of snv infections among populations of this host species in and around portland, oregon. in total, 3,175 deer mice were captured from october 2002 to september 2005. transmission of snv app ... | 2010 | 20688636 |
| long-term patterns of immune investment by wild deer mice infected with sin nombre virus. | immunocompetence of animals fluctuates seasonally, however, there is little consensus on the cause of these fluctuations. some studies have suggested that these patterns are influenced by changes in reproductive condition, whereas others have suggested that differences result from seasonal variations in energy expenditures. the objective of our study was to examine these contrasting views of immunity by evaluating seasonal patterns of immune response and reproduction in wild populations of deer ... | 2010 | 20695811 |
| aberrant growth and pattern formation in peromyscus hybrid placental development. | crosses between the north american deer mouse species peromyscus maniculatus (bw) and p. polionotus (po) produce dramatic asymmetric developmental effects. bw females mated to po males (female bw × male po) produce viable growth-retarded offspring. in contrast, po females mated to bw males (female po × male bw) produce overgrown but dysmorphic conceptuses. most female po × male bw offspring are dead by midgestation; those surviving to later time points display numerous defects reminiscent of sev ... | 2010 | 20702850 |
| effects of an invasive forest pathogen on abundance of ticks and their vertebrate hosts in a california lyme disease focus. | invasive species, including pathogens, can have important effects on local ecosystems, including indirect consequences on native species. this study focuses on the effects of an invasive plant pathogen on a vertebrate community and ixodes pacificus, the vector of the lyme disease pathogen (borrelia burgdorferi) in california. phytophthora ramorum, the causative agent of sudden oak death, is a non-native pathogen killing trees in california and oregon. we conducted a multi-year study using a grad ... | 2010 | 20941513 |
| the relative abundance of deer mice with antibody to sin nombre virus corresponds to the occurrence of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in nearby humans. | abstract sin nombre virus (snv) is the principal cause of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the united states and deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are its principal rodent host, and thus the natural cycle of the virus is related to the occurrence of hps. prevalence of rodent infection appears to be associated with fluctuations in deer mouse populations and, indirectly, with timing and amount of precipitation, a complex of biologic events. given that rodent population abundances fluctuate, ... | 2010 | 20954865 |
| a temporal dilution effect: hantavirus infection in deer mice and the intermittent presence of voles in montana. | the effect of intermittently occurring, non-reservoir host species on pathogen transmission and prevalence in a reservoir population is poorly understood. we investigated whether voles, microtus spp., which occur intermittently, influenced estimated standing antibody prevalence (esap) to sin nombre hantavirus (snv, bunyaviridae: hantavirus) among deer mice, peromyscus maniculatus, whose populations are persistent. we used 14 years of data from central montana to investigate whether esap among de ... | 2010 | 21170746 |
| persistent infection or successive reinfection of deer mice with bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis. | bartonella infections are common in rodents. from 1994 to 2006, longitudinal studies of a rodent community, consisting mainly of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), were conducted in southwestern colorado to study hantaviruses. blood samples from deer mice captured one or more times during the period 2003 to 2006 (n = 737) were selected to study bartonellae in deer mice. bartonellae were found to be widely distributed in that population, with an overall prevalence of 82.4% (607/737 mice). no cor ... | 2011 | 21239553 |
| delayed density-dependent prevalence of sin nombre virus infection in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) in central and western montana. | understanding how transmission of zoonoses takes place within reservoir populations, such as sin nombre virus (snv) among deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), is important in determining the risk of exposure to other hosts, including humans. in this study, we examined the relationship between deer mouse populations and the prevalence of antibodies to snv, a system where the effect of host population abundance on transmission is debated. we examined the relationship between abundance of deer mice ... | 2011 | 21269997 |
| counterintuitive effects of large-scale predator removal on a midlatitude rodent community. | historically, small mammals have been focal organisms for studying predator-prey dynamics, principally because of interest in explaining the drivers of the cyclical dynamics exhibited by northern vole, lemming, and hare populations. however, many small-mammal species occur at relatively low and fairly stable densities at temperate latitudes, and our understanding of how complex predator assemblages influence the abundance and dynamics of these species is surprisingly limited. in an intact grassl ... | 2010 | 21302842 |
| a history of the behavior program at the jackson laboratory: an overview. | the behavior program at the jackson laboratory in bar harbor, me, flourished from 1945 through the late 1960s and was unique in the history of comparative psychology. the canine project was conducted on ~300 dogs of five purebred breeds reared under controlled conditions and tested on a predetermined schedule. this enabled a detailed study of genetic and environmental effects and their interaction as well as a variety of other problems in midsized mammals. i provide a comprehensive, though brief ... | 2011 | 21341910 |
| peromyscus maniculatus, a possible reservoir host of borrelia garinii, at the gannet islands, newfoundland and labrador. | abstract thirty-five deer mice, peromyscus maniculatus, were trapped on gannet cluster 2 (gc-2), one of a group of islands numbered by convention, of the gannet island archipelago and examined for ectoparasites. one species each of acari (ixodes uriae) and siphonaptera (orchopeas leucopus) were recovered. samples of mice favored males to females (3.4:1). twenty-nine percent (10) of the mice were free of ectoparasites. males were more heavily parasitized than females when both parasites were cons ... | 2011 | 21506809 |
| expression and purification of recombinant hemoglobin in escherichia coli. | recombinant dna technologies have played a pivotal role in the elucidation of structure-function relationships in hemoglobin (hb) and other globin proteins. here we describe the development of a plasmid expression system to synthesize recombinant hbs in escherichia coli, and we describe a protocol for expressing hbs with low intrinsic solubilities. since the α- and β-chain hbs of different species span a broad range of solubilities, experimental protocols that have been optimized for expressing ... | 2011 | 21625463 |
| temporal patterns of tick-borne granulocytic anaplasmosis in california. | granulocytic anaplasmosis (ga) is a tick-borne emerging infectious disease caused by the bacterium anaplasma phagocytophilum. from fall 2005 to spring 2007, a. phagocytophilum infection prevalence in small mammals and tick abundance were monitored at 4 study sites in coastal california. the abundance of different life stages of questing ixodes pacificus ticks fluctuated seasonally with the number of adults peaking december to february, nymphs peaking may to july, and larvae peaking april to june ... | 2011 | 21771541 |
| genetic correlation between resting metabolic rate and exploratory behaviour in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | according to the 'pace-of-life' syndrome hypothesis, differences in resting metabolic rate (rmr) should be genetically associated with exploratory behaviour. a large number of studies reported significant heritability for both rmr and exploratory behaviour, but the genetic correlation between the two has yet to be documented. we used a quantitative genetic approach to decompose the phenotypic (co)variance of several metabolic and behavioural measures into components of additive genetic, common e ... | 2011 | 21696480 |
| disruption of adult expression of sexually selected traits by developmental exposure to bisphenol a. | exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (edcs), such as bisphenol a (bpa), may cause adverse health effects in wildlife and humans, but controversy remains as to what traits are most sensitive to edcs and might serve as barometers of exposure. expression of sexually selected traits that have evolved through intrasexual competition for mates and intersexual choice of mating partner are more dependent on developmental and physical condition of an animal than naturally selected traits and thus m ... | 2011 | 21709224 |
| the biology and methodology of assisted reproduction in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | although laboratory-reared species of the genus peromyscus-including deer mice-are used as model animals in a wide range of research, routine manipulation of peromyscus embryogenesis and reproduction has been lagging. the objective of the present study was to optimize conditions for oocyte and/or embryo retrieval and for in vitro culturing. on average, 6.4 oocytes per mouse were recovered when two doses of 15 iu of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (pmsg) were given 24 h apart, followed by 15 iu ... | 2011 | 21924468 |
| altitudinal variation at duplicated β-globin genes in deer mice: effects of selection, recombination, and gene conversion. | spatially varying selection on a given polymorphism is expected to produce a localized peak in the between-population component of nucleotide diversity, and theory suggests that the chromosomal extent of elevated differentiation may be enhanced in cases where tandemly linked genes contribute to fitness variation. an intriguing example is provided by the tandemly duplicated β-globin genes of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), which contribute to adaptive differentiation in blood-oxygen affinity ... | 2011 | 22042573 |
| Using a comparative species approach to investigate the neurobiology of paternal responses. | A goal of behavioral neuroscience is to identify underlying neurobiological factors that regulate specific behaviors. Using animal models to accomplish this goal, many methodological strategies require invasive techniques to manipulate the intensity of the behavior of interest (e.g., lesion methods, pharmacological manipulations, microdialysis techniques, genetically-engineered animal models). The utilization of a comparative species approach allows researchers to take advantage of naturally oc ... | 2011 | 21968462 |
| microsatellite genetic structure and cytonuclear discordance in naturally fragmented populations of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | the great lakes impose high levels of natural fragmentation on local populations of terrestrial animals in a way rarely found within continental ecosystems. although separated by major water barriers, woodland deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus gracilis) populations on the islands and on the upper peninsula (up) and lower peninsula (lp) of michigan have previously been shown to have a mitochondrial dna contact zone that is incongruent with the regional landscape. we analyzed 11 microsatellite lo ... | 2012 | 21976772 |
| promiscuity in mice is associated with increased vaginal bacterial diversity. | differences in the number of sexual partners (i.e., mating system) have the potential to exert a strong influence on the bacterial communities present in reproductive structures like the vagina. because this structure serves as a conduit for gametes, bacteria present there may have a pronounced, direct effect on host reproductive success. as a first step towards the identification of the relationship between sexual behavior and potentially pathogenic bacterial communities inhabiting vital reprod ... | 2011 | 21964973 |
| population delimitation across contrasting evolutionary clines in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | despite current interest in population genetics, a concrete definition of a "population" remains elusive. multiple ecologically and evolutionarily based definitions of population are in current use, which focus, respectively, on demographic and genetic interactions. accurate population delimitation is crucial for not only evolutionary and ecological population biology, but also for conservation of threatened populations. along the pacific coast of north america, two contrasting patterns of geogr ... | 2011 | 22393480 |
| estimating duration of infection with avidity assays: potential limitations and recommendations for improvement. | recent infections often have higher pathogen loads. the number of recent infections can therefore be used to estimate transmission rates in a host population. antibody avidity assays are an emerging technique to infer infection age in both domestic and wild animals. these assays have the potential to supplant intensive mark-recapture efforts for identification of recent infections, but their results may be confounded by antibody titer. we examined the effectiveness of an avidity assay for identi ... | 2011 | 22311097 |
| modeling paternal attentiveness: distressed pups evoke differential neurobiological and behavioral responses in paternal and nonpaternal mice. | with the exception of parturition and lactation, male california deer mice (peromyscus californicus) exhibit the same parental responses toward offspring as conspecific females. a closely related species, peromyscus maniculatus, however, rarely exhibits paternal responses. in the current study, a comparative species approach was used to assess paternal responses in both peromyscus species with varying levels of paternal experience (biological fathers, pup-exposed virgins, and pup-naïve virgins). ... | 2012 | 23262236 |
| chromosome variation in peromyscus: a new mechanism. | differences in total chromosome lengths between two karyotypically divergent groups of peromyscus maniculatus are taken as evidence for an deletion mechanism of chromosomal variation in the species. the differences may be due in part to variation in the amount of constitutive heterochromatin in the two karyotypes. | 2014 | 4113739 |
| postimplantation pregnancy disruption in microtus ochrogaster, m. pennsulvanicus and peromyscus maniculatus. | | 2004 | 321775 |
| analysis of serotonin, dopamine and their metabolites in the caudate putamen, the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the median raphe nucleus of euthermic and torpid deermice, peromyscus maniculatus. | deermice, subjected to food rationing and low ambient temperature, were sacrificed in normothermia or during daily torpor. levels of monoamines and their metabolites in the caudate putamen (cpn), the suprachiasmatic nuclear area (scn), and the median raphe nucleus (mrn) were quantified through the use of hplc with electrochemical detection. significant elevations in levels (pg/mg protein) of the serotonin (5-ht) metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-hiaa) were noted in torpid individuals ... | 2008 | 2813470 |
| emotionality and alcohol selection in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | | 2016 | 4827295 |
| sex differences in magnetic field inhibition of morphine-induced responses of wild deer mice, peromyscus maniculatus triangularis. | an exposure for 60 min to a 0.5 hz weak rotating magnetic field (1.5-90 g) reduced the day-time locomotory and analgesic effects of morphine (10 mg/kg) in a wild population of deer mice. peromyscus maniculatus triangularis. females displayed significantly lower levels of morphine-induced responses and sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of the magnetic fields than did the males. these responses indicate that there are sex differences in the effects of weak magnetic fields on the opiate-mediate ... | 2013 | 3671517 |
| impacts of an introduced forest pathogen on the risk of lyme disease in california. | global changes such as deforestation, climate change, and invasive species have the potential to greatly alter zoonotic disease systems through impacts on biodiversity. this study examined the impact of the invasive pathogen that causes sudden oak death (sod) on the ecology of lyme disease in california. the lyme disease bacterium, borrelia burgdorferi, is maintained in the far western united states by a suite of animal reservoirs including the dusky-footed woodrat (neotoma fuscipes) and deer mo ... | 2012 | 22607076 |
| expression profiling of lymph node cells from deer mice infected with andes virus. | deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the principal reservoir hosts of sin nombre virus (snv), the cause of the great majority of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) cases in north america. snv, like all hantaviruses with their reservoirs, causes persistent infection without pathology in deer mice and appear to elicit a regulatory t cell response. deer mice are also susceptible to andes virus (andv), which causes the great majority of hcps cases in south america, but they clear infection ... | 2013 | 23570545 |
| hematologic and serum biochemical values of 4 species of peromyscus mice and their hybrids. | deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) and congeneric species are used in a wide variety of research applications, particularly studies of developmental, physiologic, and behavioral characteristics associated with habitat adaptation and speciation. because peromyscine mice readily adapt to colony conditions, animals with traits of interest in the field are moved easily into the laboratory where they can be studied under controlled conditions. the purpose of this study was to determine the serum chem ... | 2014 | 25199088 |
| surveillance for borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes ticks and small rodents in british columbia. | to determine the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi in british columbian ticks, fieldwork was conducted over a 2-year period. in all, 893 ticks (ixodes pacificus, i. angustus, i. soricis, ixodes spp., and dermacentor andersoni) of different life stages were retrieved from 483 small rodents (peromyscus maniculatus, perognathus parvus, and reithrodontomys megalotis). b. burgdorferi dna was detected in 5 out of 359 tick pools, and 41 out of 483 mice were serologically confirmed to have antibodies a ... | 2015 | 26502354 |
| factors affecting larval tick feeding success: host, density and time. | ectoparasites rely on blood-feeding to sustain activity, support development and produce offspring. blood-feeding is also a route for transmission of diverse vector-borne pathogens. the likelihood of successfully feeding is thus an important aspect of ectoparasite population dynamics and pathogen transmission. factors that affect blood-feeding include ectoparasite density, host defenses, and ages of the host and ectoparasite. how these factors interact to affect feeding success is not well under ... | 2015 | 26104393 |
| potential role of masting by introduced bamboos in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) population irruptions holds public health consequences. | we hypothesized that the ongoing naturalization of frost/shade tolerant asian bamboos in north america could cause environmental consequences involving introduced bamboos, native rodents and ultimately humans. more specifically, we asked whether the eventual masting by an abundant leptomorphic ("running") bamboo within pacific northwest coniferous forests could produce a temporary surfeit of food capable of driving a population irruption of a common native seed predator, the deer mouse (peromysc ... | 2015 | 25898267 |
| evaluation of the importance of vlse antigenic variation for the enzootic cycle of borrelia burgdorferi. | efficient acquisition and transmission of borrelia burgdorferi by the tick vector, and the ability to persistently infect both vector and host, are important elements for the life cycle of the lyme disease pathogen. previous work has provided strong evidence implicating the significance of the vls locus for b. burgdorferi persistence. however, studies involving vls mutant clones have thus far only utilized in vitro-grown or host-adapted spirochetes and laboratory strains of mice. additionally, t ... | 2015 | 25893989 |
| host associations and genomic diversity of borrelia hermsii in an endemic focus of tick-borne relapsing fever in western north america. | an unrecognized focus of tick-borne relapsing fever caused by borrelia hermsii was identified in 2002 when five people became infected on wild horse island in flathead lake, montana. the terrestrial small mammal community on the island is composed primarily of pine squirrels (tamiasciurus hudsonicus) and deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), neither of which was known as a natural host for the spirochete. thus a 3-year study was performed to identify small mammals as hosts for b. hermsii. | 2016 | 27832805 |
| hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: report of four alberta cases. | four alberta cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome are reported. three cases required intensive care, with one experiencing a fulminant course resulting in death. a fourth case with milder illness was identified after epidemiological investigations. ribavirin was used in one patient who experienced a successful outcome. a recent open label trial has not supported the efficacy of this drug. the epidemiology of peromyscus maniculatus, the primary rodent host, and the clinical features of this syn ... | 1995 | 22514394 |
| use of neonatal fostering to remove helicobacter spp. from deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | helicobacter species can be found in a wide variety of animals and remain common contaminants of laboratory rodents. fostering of neonatal pups has been used to eliminate helicobacter spp. from various laboratory rodents, including laboratory mice and gerbils. deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) from a captive colony enzootic for at least one helicobacter species were mated, and the pups produced were fostered on laboratory mice 24 h after birth. after 2 rounds of fostering, both foster dams and ... | 2015 | 26224445 |
| toward a mechanistic understanding of environmentally forced zoonotic disease emergence: sin nombre hantavirus. | understanding the environmental drivers of zoonotic reservoir and human interactions is crucial to understanding disease risk, but these drivers are poorly predicted. we propose a mechanistic understanding of human-reservoir interactions, using hantavirus pulmonary syndrome as a case study. crucial processes underpinning the disease's incidence remain poorly studied, including the connectivity among natural and peridomestic deer mouse host activity, virus transmission, and human exposure. we fou ... | 2015 | 26955081 |
| retinal cone photoreceptors of the deer mouse peromyscus maniculatus: development, topography, opsin expression and spectral tuning. | a quantitative analysis of photoreceptor properties was performed in the retina of the nocturnal deer mouse, peromyscus maniculatus, using pigmented (wildtype) and albino animals. the aim was to establish whether the deer mouse is a more suitable model species than the house mouse for photoreceptor studies, and whether oculocutaneous albinism affects its photoreceptor properties. in retinal flatmounts, cone photoreceptors were identified by opsin immunostaining, and their numbers, spectral types ... | 2013 | 24260509 |
| faecal avoidance and selective foraging: do wild mice have the luxury to avoid faeces? | host-parasite interactions are a key determinant of the population dynamics of wild animals, and behaviours that reduce parasite transmission and infection may be important for improving host fitness. while antiparasite behaviours have been demonstrated in laboratory animals and domesticated ungulates, whether these behaviours operate in the wild is poorly understood. therefore, examining antiparasite behaviours in natural populations is crucial for understanding their ecological significance. i ... | 0 | 24027342 |
| transcriptome markers of viral persistence in naturally-infected andes virus (bunyaviridae) seropositive long-tailed pygmy rice rats. | long-tailed pygmy rice rats (oligoryzomys longicaudatus) are principal reservoir hosts of andes virus (andv) (bunyaviridae), which causes most hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome cases in the americas. to develop tools for the study of the andv-host interactions, we used rna-seq to generate a de novo transcriptome assembly. splenic rna from five rice rats captured in chile, three of which were andv-infected, was used to generate an assembly of 66,173 annotated transcripts, including noncoding rn ... | 2015 | 25856432 |
| differential lymphocyte and antibody responses in deer mice infected with sin nombre hantavirus or andes hantavirus. | hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) is a rodent-borne disease with a high case-fatality rate that is caused by several new world hantaviruses. each pathogenic hantavirus is naturally hosted by a principal rodent species without conspicuous disease and infection is persistent, perhaps for life. deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the natural reservoirs of sin nombre virus (snv), the etiologic agent of most hcps cases in north america. deer mice remain infected despite a helper t cell re ... | 2014 | 24829335 |
| rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of hantavirus-specific antibodies in divergent small mammals. | we assessed the utility of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of hantavirus-specific antibodies from sera of oligoryzomys longicaudatus, the principal reservoir of andes virus (andv), using an antigen previously developed for detection of antibodies to sin nombre virus (snv) in sera from peromyscus maniculatus. the assay uses a protein a/g horseradish peroxidase conjugate and can be performed in as little as 1.5 hours. serum samples from oligoryzomys longicaudatus col ... | 2014 | 24806874 |
| experimental andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. | new world hantaviruses can cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome with high mortality in humans. distinct virus species are hosted by specific rodent reservoirs, which also serve as the vectors. although regional spillover has been documented, it is unknown whether rodent reservoirs are competent for infection by hantaviruses that are geographically separated, and known to have related, but distinct rodent reservoir hosts. we show that andes virus (andv) of south america, carried by the long ... | 2013 | 23383148 |
| variable infection dynamics in four peromyscus species following experimental inoculation with baylisascaris procyonis. | wild rodents such as peromyscus spp. are intermediate hosts for the zoonotic ascarid baylisascaris procyonis (raccoon roundworm), and previous studies indicate peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) likely serves an important role in parasite ecology. natural infections have been sporadically identified in a few peromyscus spp., but no data are available on differences in susceptibility among the many other species. we compared survival and infection dynamics of b. procyonis in 4 species ( p. ... | 2016 | 27351237 |
| a method to distinguish morphologically similar peromyscus species using extracellular rna and high-resolution melt analysis. | a method applying high-resolution melt (hrm) analysis to pcr products copied and amplified from extracellular rna (exrna) has been developed to distinguish two morphologically similar peromyscus species: peromyscus leucopus and peromyscus maniculatus. p. leucopus is considered the primary reservoir host of borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent for lyme disease in north america. in northern minnesota the habitat ranges of p. leucopus overlaps with that of p. maniculatus. serum samples from li ... | 2016 | 27349513 |
| introduced and native haplotypes of echinococcus multilocularis in wildlife in saskatchewan, canada. | recent detection of a european-type haplotype of the cestode echinococcus multilocularis in a newly enzootic region in british columbia prompted efforts to determine if this haplotype was present elsewhere in wildlife in western canada. in coyote (canis latrans) definitive hosts in an urban region in central saskatchewan (sk), we found a single haplotype of e. multilocularis that was most similar to a haplotype currently established in the core of this parasite's distribution in europe and to th ... | 2015 | 26020284 |
| spatial heterogeneity and temporal variations in echinococcus multilocularis infections in wild hosts in a north american urban setting. | echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of human alveolar echinococcosis, has the potential to circulate in urban areas where wild host populations and humans coexist. the spatial and temporal distribution of infection in wild hosts locally affects the risk of transmission to humans. we investigated the spatial and temporal patterns of e. multilocularis infection in coyotes and rodent intermediate hosts within the city of calgary, canada, and the association between spatial variations i ... | 2014 | 24747533 |
| establishment of a european-type strain of echinococcus multilocularis in canadian wildlife. | in 2009, a haplotype closely related to european strains of echinococcus multilocularis was detected in a dog from the quesnel region of british columbia, canada. we now report the establishment of this same haplotype in 7 coyotes (canis latrans) trapped within 40 km of quesnel, bc. in addition, 3 coyotes and 1 red fox (vulpes vulpes) harboured adult cestodes morphologically compatible with that of e. multilocularis (overall prevalence 33% in 33 carnivores). none of 156 potential intermediate ho ... | 2013 | 23714582 |
| a new intermediate host for echinococcus multilocularis: the southern red-backed vole (myodes gapperi) in urban landscape in calgary, canada. | human alveolar echinococcosis (hae) is a potentially fatal parasitic disease caused by echinococcus multilocularis, a cestode characterized by a sylvatic life-cycle involving several species of rodents and lagomorphs as intermediate hosts and canids as definitive hosts. despite the wide distribution of the parasite in north america, the number of competent intermediate host species identified to date is still relatively small, and mainly includes the northern vole (microtus oeconomus), brown lem ... | 2013 | 23608104 |
| deer mouse hemoglobin exhibits a lowered oxygen affinity owing to mobility of the e helix. | the deer mouse, peromyscus maniculatus, exhibits altitude-associated variation in hemoglobin oxygen affinity. to examine the structural basis of this functional variation, the structure of the hemoglobin was solved. recombinant hemoglobin was expressed in escherichia coli and was purified by ion-exchange chromatography. recombinant hemoglobin was crystallized by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method using polyethylene glycol as a precipitant. the obtained orthorhombic crystal contained two sub ... | 2013 | 23545644 |
| identification of rodent homologs of hepatitis c virus and pegiviruses. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human pegivirus (hpgv or gb virus c) are globally distributed and infect 2 to 5% of the human population. the lack of tractable-animal models for these viruses, in particular for hcv, has hampered the study of infection, transmission, virulence, immunity, and pathogenesis. to address this challenge, we searched for homologous viruses in small mammals, including wild rodents. here we report the discovery of several new hepaciviruses (hcv-like viruses) and pegiviruses ( ... | 2013 | 23572554 |
| peromyscus as a model system for human hepatitis c: an opportunity to advance our understanding of a complex host parasite system. | worldwide, there are 185 million people infected with hepatitis c virus and approximately 350,000 people die each year from hepatitis c associated liver diseases. human hepatitis c research has been hampered by the lack of an appropriate in vivo model system. most of the in vivo research has been conducted on chimpanzees, which is complicated by ethical concerns, small sample sizes, high costs, and genetic heterogeneity. the house mouse system has led to greater understanding of a wide variety o ... | 2017 | 27498234 |
| maporal hantavirus causes mild pathology in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | rodent-borne hantaviruses can cause two human diseases with many pathological similarities: hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in the western hemisphere and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the eastern hemisphere. each virus is hosted by specific reservoir species without conspicuous disease. hcps-causing hantaviruses require animal biosafety level-4 (absl-4) containment, which substantially limits experimental research of interactions between the viruses and their reservoir host ... | 2016 | 27763552 |
| apparent field safety of a raccoon poxvirus-vectored plague vaccine in free-ranging prairie dogs (cynomys spp.), colorado, usa. | prairie dogs (cynomys spp.) suffer high rates of mortality from plague. an oral sylvatic plague vaccine using the raccoon poxvirus vector (designated rcn-f1/v307) has been developed for prairie dogs. this vaccine is incorporated into palatable bait along with rhodamine b as a biomarker. we conducted trials in august and september 2012 to demonstrate uptake and apparent safety of the rcn-f1/v307 vaccine in two prairie dog species under field conditions. free-ranging prairie dogs and other associa ... | 2015 | 25588006 |
| fecal shedding of zoonotic food-borne pathogens by wild rodents in a major agricultural region of the central california coast. | recent outbreaks of food-borne illness associated with the consumption of produce have increased concern over wildlife reservoirs of food-borne pathogens. wild rodents are ubiquitous, and those living close to agricultural farms may pose a food safety risk should they shed zoonotic microorganisms in their feces near or on agricultural commodities. fecal samples from wild rodents trapped on 13 agricultural farms (9 produce, 3 cow-calf operations, and 1 beef cattle feedlot) in monterey and san ben ... | 2013 | 23934490 |
| how much effort is required to accurately describe the complex ecology of a rodent-borne viral disease? | we use data collected on 18,1-ha live trapping grids monitored from 1994 through 2005 and on five of those grids through 2013 in the mesic northwestern us to illustrate the complexity of the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus)/sin nombre virus (snv) host-pathogen system. important factors necessary to understand zoonotic disease ecology include those associated with distribution and population dynamics of reservoir species as well as infection dynamics. results are based on more than 851,000 tra ... | 2016 | 27398256 |
| behavioural differences: a link between biodiversity and pathogen transmission. | biodiversity often serves to reduce zoonotic pathogens, such that prevalence is lower in communities of greater diversity. this phenomenon is termed the dilution effect, and although it has been reported for several pathogens (e.g. sin nombre virus, snv), the mechanism is largely unknown. we investigated a putative mechanism, by testing the hypothesis that higher biodiversity alters behaviours important in pathogen transmission. using deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) and snv as our host-pathog ... | 2016 | 26752791 |
| assessing prevention measures and sin nombre hantavirus seroprevalence among workers at yosemite national park. | during 2012, a total of 10 overnight visitors to yosemite national park (yosemite) became infected with a hantavirus (sin nombre virus [snv]); three died. snv infections have been identified among persons with occupational exposure to deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). | 2015 | 25943457 |
| the role of behavioural heterogeneity on infection patterns: implications for pathogen transmission. | animals infected with pathogens often differ in behaviour from their uninfected counterparts, and these differences may be key to understanding zoonotic pathogen transmission. to explore behavioural heterogeneity and its role in pathogen transmission, we studied deer mice, peromyscus maniculatus, under field conditions. deer mice are the natural host of sin nombre virus (snv), a zoonotic pathogen with high human mortality. we live-trapped mice in may, july and september of 2009 and 2010, marked ... | 2013 | 24319292 |
| increased detection of sin nombre hantavirus rna in antibody-positive deer mice from montana, usa: evidence of male bias in rna viremia. | hantaviruses are widespread emergent zoonotic agents that cause unapparent or limited disease in their rodent hosts, yet cause acute, often fatal pulmonary or renal infections in humans. previous laboratory experiments with rodent reservoir hosts indicate that hantaviruses can be cleared from host blood early in the infection cycle, while sequestered long term in various host organs. field studies of north american deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), the natural reservoir of sin nombre hantaviru ... | 2013 | 24064796 |
| association between movement and sin nombre virus (bunyaviridae: hantavirus) infection in north american deermice (peromyscus maniculatus) in colorado. | capture data from long-term, mark-recapture studies were used to evaluate movements of north american deermice (peromyscus maniculatus) on mark-recapture webs in colorado with respect to sin nombre virus (snv) infection status, age, sex, and trapping site. latitude and longitude coordinates for each capture during the approximately 12-yr study were used to produce an individual minimum convex polygon (mcp) area representing the movements (not home range) of an individual mouse over time. these m ... | 2013 | 23307379 |
| transmission ecology of sin nombre hantavirus in naturally infected north american deermouse populations in outdoor enclosures. | sin nombre hantavirus (snv), hosted by the north american deermouse (peromyscus maniculatus), causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in north america. most transmission studies in the host were conducted under artificial conditions, or extrapolated information from mark-recapture data. previous studies using experimentally infected deermice were unable to demonstrate snv transmission. we explored snv transmission in outdoor enclosures using naturally infected deermice. deermice acquiring snv ... | 2012 | 23110096 |
| population density and seasonality effects on sin nombre virus transmission in north american deermice (peromyscus maniculatus) in outdoor enclosures. | surveys of wildlife host-pathogen systems often document clear seasonal variation in transmission; conclusions concerning the relationship between host population density and transmission vary. in the field, effects of seasonality and population density on natural disease cycles are challenging to measure independently, but laboratory experiments may poorly reflect what happens in nature. outdoor manipulative experiments are an alternative that controls for some variables in a relatively natural ... | 2012 | 22768034 |
| prediction of peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) population dynamics in montana, usa, using satellite-driven vegetation productivity and weather data. | deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the main reservoir host for sin nombre virus, the primary etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in north america. sequential changes in weather and plant productivity (trophic cascades) have been noted as likely catalysts of deer mouse population irruptions, and monitoring and modeling of these phenomena may allow for development of early-warning systems for disease risk. relationships among weather variables, satellite-derived vegetation product ... | 2012 | 22493110 |
| grazing effects on deer mice with implications to human exposure to sin nombre virus. | we examined the effects of grazing on deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) movements into buildings using passive integrated transponder (pit) technology and small simulated buildings located on 0.6-ha treatment (grazing) and control (no grazing) plots. twelve experimental 9-day trials were conducted over the course of the study. during these trials, mouse movements into buildings were monitored during three time periods (each 3 days in length). in the treatment plots these time periods correspon ... | 2011 | 24910509 |
| effect of rock cover on small mammal abundance in a montana grassland. | we examined the influence of rock cover, as an indicator of presumable retreat site availability on the abundance of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) and prevalence of sin nombre virus (snv) using long-term live trapping and habitat data from three live trapping grids and a short-term (three month), spatially replicated study across three slopes in cascade county, montana. in our long-term study, we found that deer mice were more abundant at a live-trapping grid with greater rock cover, than t ... | 2011 | 24817814 |
| expression kinetics of rantes and mcp-1 in the brain of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) infected with vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus. | the vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) causes encephalitis in mice when inoculated intranasally. the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus), a native new world rodent, is also susceptible to vsv infection and develops similar central nervous system (cns) lesions to those observed in other rodent species. chemokines, such as regulated on activation, normal t-cell expressed and secreted (rantes; ccl-5) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (mcp)-1 (ccl-2), which are important for chemotaxis and activati ... | 2016 | 27780575 |
| pathogenesis of vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus infection in deer mice ( peromyscus maniculatus) transmitted by black flies ( simulium vittatum). | the natural transmission of vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus (vsnjv), an arthropod-borne virus, is not completely understood. rodents may have a role as reservoir or amplifying hosts. in this study, juvenile and nestling deer mice ( peromyscus maniculatus) were exposed to vsnjv-infected black fly ( simulium vittatum) bites followed by a second exposure to naive black flies on the nestling mice. severe neurological signs were observed in some juvenile mice by 6 to 8 days postinoculation (dpi ... | 2017 | 27312365 |
| modeling the ecologic niche of plague in sylvan and domestic animal hosts to delineate sources of human exposure in the western united states. | plague has been established in the western united states (us) since 1900 following the west coast introduction of commensal rodents infected with yersinia pestis via early industrial shipping. over the last century, plague ecology has transitioned through cycles of widespread human transmission, urban domestic transmission among commensal rodents, and ultimately settled into the predominantly sylvan foci that remain today where it is maintained alternatively by enzootic and epizootic transmissio ... | 2015 | 26713244 |
| indirect and mitigated effects of pulsed resources on the population dynamics of a northern rodent. | pulsed resources have significant effects on population and community dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. mast seeding is an important resource pulse in deciduous forests; these boom and bust cycles of seed production generate strong lagged population responses by post-dispersal seed predators such as rodents, which then cascade through multiple trophic levels and regulate population dynamics of their predators and prey. however, similar interactions in another major pulsed system, coniferous fo ... | 2013 | 23461538 |
| phylogeographic population structure of red-winged blackbirds assessed by mitochondrial dna. | a continent-wide survey of restriction-site variation in mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of the red-winged blackbird (agelaius phoeniceus) was conducted to assess the magnitude of phylogeographic population structure in an avian species. a total of 34 mtdna genotypes was observed among the 127 specimens assayed by 18 restriction endonucleases. nonetheless, population differentiation was minor, as indicated by (i) small genetic distances in terms of base substitutions per nucleotide site between mtdna ... | 1988 | 16593914 |
| effect of an invasive plant and moonlight on rodent foraging behavior in a coastal dune ecosystem. | understanding how invasive plants may alter predator avoidance behaviors is important for granivorous rodents because their foraging can trigger ripple effects in trophic webs. previous research has shown that european beach grass ammophila arenaria, an invasive species in coastal california, affects the predation of other seeds by the rodents microtus californicus, peromyscus maniculatus, and reithrodontomys megalotis. this may be due to lower perceived predation risk by rodents foraging in clo ... | 2015 | 25679785 |
| apparent competition with an invasive plant hastens the extinction of an endangered lupine. | invasive plants may compete with native plants by increasing the pressure of native consumers, a mechanism known as "apparent competition." apparent competition can be as strong as or stronger than direct competition, but the role of apparent competition has rarely been examined in biological invasions. we used four years of demographic data and seed-removal experiments to determine if introduced grasses caused elevated levels of seed consumption on native plant species in a coastal dune system ... | 2010 | 20836448 |
| factors determining the abundance and distribution of rodents in a shrub-steppe ecosystem: the role of shrubs. | this study addressed the relative importances of shrub "resources" on a rodent community in a sagebrush dominated shrub-steppe ecosystem in southwestern wyoming. direct effects of shrubs (i.e., providing rodents with "food and cover") were assessed by removing shrubs from a 1.25 ha study plot and monitoring both rodent populations and their food resources. shrub architecture and shrub-related food resources were found to be unimportant to deermice (peromyscus maniculatus), great basin pocket mic ... | 1983 | 28310227 |
| when perception reflects reality: non-native grass invasion alters small mammal risk landscapes and survival. | modification of habitat structure due to invasive plants can alter the risk landscape for wildlife by, for example, changing the quality or availability of refuge habitat. whether perceived risk corresponds with actual fitness outcomes, however, remains an important open question. we simultaneously measured how habitat changes due to a common invasive grass (cheatgrass, bromus tectorum) affected the perceived risk, habitat selection, and apparent survival of a small mammal, enabling us to assess ... | 2017 | 28331590 |
| species' traits help predict small mammal responses to habitat homogenization by an invasive grass. | invasive plants can negatively affect native species, however, the strength, direction, and shape of responses may vary depending on the type of habitat alteration and the natural history of native species. to prioritize conservation of vulnerable species, it is therefore critical to effectively predict species' responses to invasive plants, which may be facilitated by a framework based on species' traits. we studied the population and community responses of small mammals and changes in habitat ... | 2017 | 28317278 |
| non-target effects of an introduced biological control agent on deer mouse ecology. | release of exotic insects as biological control agents is a common approach to controlling exotic plants. though controversy has ensued regarding the deleterious direct effects of biological control agents to non-target species, few have examined the indirect effects of a "well-behaved" biological control agent on native fauna. we studied a grassland in west-central montana infested with spotted knapweed (centaurea maculosa) to examine the effects of knapweed invasion and two gall flybiological ... | 2000 | 28307949 |
| elk herbivory alters small mammal assemblages in high-elevation drainages. | heavy herbivory by ungulates can substantially alter habitat, but the indirect consequences of habitat modification for animal assemblages that rely on that habitat are not well studied. this is a particularly important topic given that climate change can alter plant-herbivore interactions. we explored short-term responses of small mammal communities to recent exclusion of rocky mountain elk (cervus elaphus) in high-elevation riparian drainages in northern arizona, where elk impacts on vegetatio ... | 2013 | 23163813 |
| permeability of roads to movement of scrubland lizards and small mammals. | a primary objective of road ecology is to understand and predict how roads affect connectivity of wildlife populations. road avoidance behavior can fragment populations, whereas lack of road avoidance can result in high mortality due to wildlife-vehicle collisions. many small animal species focus their activities to particular microhabitats within their larger habitat. we sought to assess how different types of roads affect the movement of small vertebrates and to explore whether responses to ro ... | 2013 | 23772966 |
| nonlethal method for forensic evaluation of aldicarb exposure in wildlife. | forensic evaluation of aldicarb exposure is difficult due to the rapid hydrolysis and oxidation of the parent compound. oxidation products-aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone-are commonly analyzed, but hydrolytic products-aldicarb nitrile, aldicarb nitrile sulfoxide, aldicarb nitrile sulfone-are infrequently analyzed even though they are the primary stable products of aldicarb degradation. nitrile analyses provide an important avenue to verify aldicarb exposure or aldicarb-induced mortality. ... | 2001 | 11116343 |
| an evaluation of vertebrate seed dispersal syndromes in four species of black nightshade (solanum sect. solanum). | we examined the ecological relevance of bird versus mammal dispersal syndromes in four species of solanum, s. americanum type a, s. americanum type b, s. ptychanthum, and s. sarrachoides. these plants were selected because their morphological characteristics, such as fruit color, mass, and persistence, resembled those typically associated with classically-defined bird and mammal dispersal syndromes. we monitored persistence of tagged fruits, compared physical and chemical chaacteristics, perform ... | 1996 | 28307396 |
| a novel satellite dna sequence in the peromyscus genome (pmsat): evolution via copy number fluctuation. | satellite dnas (satdna) are tandemly arrayed repeated sequences largely present in eukaryotic genomes, which play important roles in genome evolution and function, and therefore, their analysis is vital. here, we describe the isolation of a novel satellite dna family (pmsat) from the rodent peromyscus eremicus (cricetidae, rodentia), which is located in pericentromeric regions and exhibits a typical satellite dna genome organization. orthologous pmsat sequences were isolated and characterized fr ... | 2015 | 26103000 |
| competitive release in microhabitat use among coexisting desert rodents: a natural experiment. | competitive release among desert rodents on sand dunes of differing species richness was examined in the great basin and mohave deserts, usa. expansions in microhabitat use were exhibited by the kangaroo rats dipodomys ordii and d. merriami (granivorous heteromyid rodents, weighing 49 and 42 g, respectively) as the number of coexisting heteromyid species decreased geographically. perognathus longimembris, the only common small heteromyid species (7 g) exhibited no competitive release. this may b ... | 1986 | 28311364 |
| occurrence of triclocarban and triclosan in an agro-ecosystem following application of biosolids. | triclocarban (tcc) and triclosan (tcs), two of the most commonly used antimicrobial compounds, can be introduced into ecosystems by applying wastewater treatment plant biosolids to agricultural fields. concentrations of tcc and tcs were measured in different trophic levels within a terrestrial food web encompassing land-applied biosolids, soil, earthworms (lumbricus), deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), and eggs of european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) and american kestrels (falco sparverius) at ... | 2016 | 27993073 |
| sarcocystis idahoensis sp. n. in deer mice peromyscus maniculatus (wagner) and gopher snakes pituophis melanoleucus (daudin). | | 1980 | 6768882 |
| dermacarus jonesi sp. n. (acari: labidophorinae: glycyphagidae) from peromyscus maniculatus from western north america. | a new species of labidophorine hypopus, dermacarus jonesi, is described from peromyscus maniculatus from washington, usa, and british columbia, canada. a single individual was also found on sorex sp. from california. | 1976 | 1255357 |
| rapid morphological change in the masticatory structures of an important ecosystem service provider. | humans have altered the biotic and abiotic environmental conditions of most organisms. in some cases, such as intensive agriculture, an organism's entire ecosystem is converted to novel conditions. thus, it is striking that some species continue to thrive under such conditions. the prairie deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus bairdii) is an example of such an organism, and so we sought to understand what role evolutionary adaptation played in the success of this species, with particular interest i ... | 2015 | 26061880 |
| cascading effects of predation risk determine how marine predators become terrestrial prey on an oceanic island. | apex predators can suppress the foraging activity of mesopredators, which may then result in cascading benefits for the prey of those mesopredators. we studied the interactions between a top predator, the barn owl (tyto alba), and their primary prey, an island endemic deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus elusus), which in turn consumes the eggs of seabirds nesting on santa barbara island in california. scripps's murrelets (synthliboramphus scrippsi), a threatened nocturnal seabird, arrive annually ... | 2016 | 27912006 |
| baseline levels of selected trace elements in colorado oil shale region animals. | baseline levels of boron, fluorine, molybdenum, and copper are described for 18 mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) and for 45 composite samples of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) from the piceance creek basin, rio blanco county, colorado. these data were collected before oil shale mining took place, and can be used to compare with levels found after mining is initiated. the data can thus be used to monitor changes in levels in animal tissues and as a basis for mitigating possible harmful effects ... | 1980 | 7431515 |
| introduced rats and an endemic roundworm: does rattus rattus contribute to baylisascaris procyonis transmission in california? | the introduced black rat, rattus rattus, occurs throughout the native range of the raccoon roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, and might incorporate into its life cycle if rats consume parasite eggs, acquire viable infections, and are eaten by raccoons. although rats forage at raccoon latrines, their role in b. procyonis transmission remains unknown. here i tested the potential for rats to amplify b. procyonis transmission in california by surveying wild rodents for b. procyonis and conducting s ... | 2017 | 28732456 |
| genetic diversity and capillaria hepatica (nematoda) prevalence in michigan deer mouse populations. | there have been few field tests of the hypothesis that homozygous populations are prone to high levels of disease. i tested for a negative correlation between genetic diversity and parasitism by estimating the allozyme heterozygosity, population density, and proportion of individuals infected by capillaria hepatica (nematoda) in nine michigan populations of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). parasite prevalence was correlated negatively with heterozygosity when the effects of density were held ... | 1999 | 28565518 |
| use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores : iii. montane and meadow voles (microtus montanus andmicrotus pennsylvanicus). | this study investigated the influence of the major anal-gland compounds from the stoat (mustela erminea) and fecal and urine compounds from the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in generating an avoidance response by montane voles (microtus montanus), as well as suppressing feeding by montane and meadow (m. pennsylvanicus) voles on apple trees in orchards. in trap bioassays, a 1∶1 mixture of 2-propylthietane and 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane significantly reduced vole captures. other mixtures of stoat compounds ... | 1988 | 24277015 |
| habitat structure and predators: choices and consequences for rodent habitat specialists and generalists. | both habitat structure and risk of predation are thought to influence rodent community composition in different habitats, but experiments on the degree to which these factors determine the use of habitat by rodents are lacking. i sought to discover (1) if cover density altered habitat choice and (2) if cover density affected the vulnerability to predators of two rodents, a habitat specialist and a habitat generalist. in laboratory experiments, the habitat specialist, the red-backed vole (clethri ... | 1987 | 28312894 |
| concentrations of metals in mink and other mammals from washington and idaho. | from 1981 to 1983, concentrations of metals were determined in mink mustela vison, muskrats ondatra zibethica, and small mammals at one contaminated site in idaho and at two less contaminated sites in idaho and washington. the highest concentrations of pb and cd occurred in samples from the coeur d'alene river system near or downstream from an extensive mining-smelting complex in northern idaho. maximum concentrations of pb in the liver of a mink (22 microg g(-1)) and in pooled liver samples of ... | 1987 | 15092768 |
| an island-wide predator manipulation reveals immediate and long-lasting matching of risk by prey. | anti-predator behaviour affects prey population dynamics, mediates cascading effects in food webs and influences the likelihood of rapid extinctions. predator manipulations in natural settings provide a rare opportunity to understand how prey anti-predator behaviour is affected by large-scale changes in predators. here, we couple a long-term, island-wide manipulation of an important rodent predator, the island fox (urocyon littoralis), with nearly 6 years of measurements on foraging by deer mice ... | 2014 | 24759863 |
| population dynamics of two species of eimeria (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus): biotic and abiotic factors. | i investigated whether biotic factors (competitive exclusion between parasites and host immunity), abiotic factors (high temperature, low temperature, and rainfall), or a combination of the 2 affected the population dynamics of eimeria arizonensis and eimeria delicata in naturally infected deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). there was no evidence of competitive exclusion between e. arizonensis and e. delicata, nor were e. arizonensis population dynamics affected by host immunity (young deer mice ... | 1996 | 8604087 |
| a damped precipitation-driven, bottom-up model for deer mouse population abundance in the northwestern united states. | small-mammal population densities can be regulated by bottom-up (food availability) and top-down (predation) forces. in 1993, an el niño southern oscillation event was followed by a cluster of human hantavirus with pulmonary syndrome in the southwestern united states. an upward trophic cascade hypothesis was proposed as an explanation for the outbreak: increased plant productivity as a consequence of el niño precipitations led to an unusual increase in distribution and abundance of deer mice (pe ... | 2017 | 29299286 |