| [controlling effect of antagonist bioorganic fertilizer on tomato root-knot nematode]. | indoor in vitro culture experiment and greenhouse pot experiment were conducted to evaluate the capabilities of three bacterial strains xz-173 (bacillus amyloliquefaciens), sl-25 (b. gibsonii), and ks-62 (paenibacillus polymyxa) that can hydrolyze collagen protein in controlling tomato root-knot nematode. in the in vitro culture experiment, suspensions of xz-173, sl-25, and ks-62 induced a mortality rate of 75.9%, 66.7%, and 50.0% to the second-stage junior nematode within 24 h, and decreased th ... | 2011 | 21774329 |
| suppression of the root-knot nematode [meloidogyne incognita (kofoid & white) chitwood] on tomato by dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) have potential for the biocontrol of soil-borne diseases. the objectives of this study were to quantify the interactions between am fungi [glomus versiforme (karsten) berch and glomus mosseae (nicol. & gerd.) gerdemann & trappe] and pgpr [bacillus polymyxa (prazmowski) mace and bacillus sp.] during colonization of roots and rhizosphere of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill) plants (cultivar jinguan), and to deter ... | 2011 | 21755407 |
| the mitochondrial genome of the soybean cyst nematode, heterodera glycines. | we sequenced the entire coding region of the mitochondrial genome of heterodera glycines. the sequence obtained comprised 14.9 kb, with pcr evidence indicating that the entire genome comprised a single, circular molecule of approximately 21-22 kb. the genome is the most t-rich nematode mitochondrial genome reported to date, with t representing over half of all nucleotides on the coding strand. the genome also contains the highest number of poly(t) tracts so far reported (to our knowledge), with ... | 2011 | 21745140 |
| nematicidal activity of fervenulin isolated from a nematicidal actinomycete, streptomyces sp. cmu-mh021, on meloidogyne incognita. | an isolate of the actinomycete, streptomyces sp. cmu-mh021 produced secondary metabolites that inhibited egg hatch and increased juvenile mortality of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita in vitro. 16s rdna gene sequencing showed that the isolate sequence was 99% identical to streptomyces roseoverticillatus. the culture filtrates form different culture media were tested for nematocidal activity. the maximal activity against m. incognita was obtained by using modified basal (mb) medium. t ... | 2011 | 21841897 |
| [mixed infection caused by meloidogyne and pathogenic fungi on siraitia grosvenorii]. | to study the mixed infection caused by meloidogyne and pathogenic fungi on siraitia grosvenorii,the result can provide basis for controltion. | 2011 | 21818963 |
| transgenic tobacco plants constitutively expressing arabidopsis npr1 show enhanced resistance to root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | abstract: in arabidopsis, non-expressor of pathogenesis related genes-1, npr1 has been shown to be a positive regulator of the salicylic acid controlled systemic acquired resistance pathway and modulates the cross talk between sa and ja signaling. transgenic plants expressing atnpr1 constitutively exhibited resistance against pathogens as well as herbivory. in the present study, tobacco transgenic plants expressing atnpr1 were studied further for their response to infection by the sedentary endo ... | 2011 | 21722410 |
| the jasmonate pathway is a key player in systemically induced defense against root knot nematodes in rice. | complex defense signaling pathways, controlled by different hormones, are involved in the reaction of plants to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress factors. we studied the ability of salicylic acid, jasmonate (ja), and ethylene (et) to induce systemic defense in rice (oryza sativa) against the root knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola. exogenous et (ethephon) and ja (methyl jasmonate) supply on the shoots induced a strong systemic defense response in the roots, exemplified by a major up-r ... | 2011 | 21715672 |
| anticholinesterasic, nematostatic and anthelmintic activities of pyridinic and pyrazinic compounds. | in the search for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as a potential target for the discovery of anthelmintic drugs, a series of 27 pyridinic and pyrazinic compounds have been designed on the basis of molecular hybridization of two known ache inhibitors, namely, tacrine and (-)-3-o-acetylspectaline, and on the concept of isosterism. the synthesized compounds generally presented moderate anticholinesterasic activities when compared with the positive control physostigmine, but one compound (ethyl 2-[( ... | 2011 | 21728957 |
| systemically induced resistance and microbial competitive exclusion: implications on biological control. | the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, is among the most damaging agricultural pests, particularly to tomato. the mutualistic endophytes fusarium oxysporum strain fo162 (fo162) and rhizobium etli strain g12 (g12) have been shown to systemically induce resistance towards m. incognita. by using triple-split-root tomato plants, spatially-separated but simultaneous inoculation of both endophytes did not lead to additive reductions in m. incognita infection. more importantly, spatially-separa ... | 2011 | 21899390 |
| slwrky70 is required for mi-1-mediated resistance to aphids and nematodes in tomato. | plant resistance (r) gene-mediated defense responses against biotic stresses include vast transcriptional reprogramming. in several plant-pathogen systems, members of the wrky family of transcription factors have been demonstrated to act as both positive and negative regulators of plant defense transcriptional networks. to identify the possible roles of tomato (solanum lycopersicum) wrky transcription factors in defense mediated by the r gene mi-1 against potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, an ... | 2011 | 21898085 |
| Reference genes for quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction expression studies in wild and cultivated peanut. | ABSTRACT: | 2011 | 21906295 |
| Comparing systemic defence-related gene expression changes upon migratory and sedentary nematode attack in rice. | Complex defence signalling pathways, controlled by different hormones, are known to be involved in the reaction of plants to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress factors. Here, we studied the differential expression of genes involved in stress and defence responses in systemic tissue of rice infected with the root knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne graminicola and the migratory root rot nematode Hirschmanniella oryzae, two agronomically important rice pathogens with very different lifestyles. ... | 2011 | 22188265 |
| the effects of brassica green manures on plant parasitic and free living nematodes used in combination with reduced rates of synthetic nematicides. | brassica plants once incorporated into soil as green manures have recently been shown to have biofumigant properties and have the potential of controlling plant-parasitic nematodes. in washington state, plant-parasitic nematodes are successfully managed with synthetic nematicides. however, some of the synthetic nematicides became unavailable recently or their supply is limited leaving growers with few choices to control plant-parasitic nematodes. the objective of this project was to evaluate the ... | 2011 | 22791922 |
| influence of infection of cotton by rotylenchulus reniformis and meloidogyne incognita on the production of enzymes involved in systemic acquired resistance. | systemic acquired resistance (sar), which results in enhanced defense mechanisms in plants, can be elicited by virulent and avirulent strains of pathogens including nematodes. recent studies of nematode reproduction strongly suggest that meloidogyne incognita and rotylenchulus reniformis induce sar in cotton, but biochemical evidence of sar was lacking. our objective was to determine whether infection of cotton by m. incognita and r. reniformis increases the levels of p-peroxidase, g-peroxidase, ... | 2011 | 23431029 |
| induction of systemic acquired resistance by rotylenchulus reniformis and meloidogyne incognita in cotton following separate and concomitant inoculations. | systemic acquired resistance (sar) can be elicited by virulent and avirulent pathogenic strains and sar against plant-parasitic nematodes has been documented. our objective was to determine whether co-infection of cotton by meloidogyne incognita and rotylenchulus reniformis affects the population level of either nematode compared to infection by each species individually. split-root trials were conducted in which plants were inoculated with i) r. reniformis only, ii) m. incognita only, iii) both ... | 2011 | 23430318 |
| evaluation of protocol for assessing the reaction of rice and wheat germplasm to infection by meloidogyne graminicola. | root-knot nematode (meloidogyne graminicola), an important and widespread pathogen, causes high yield losses in rice with limited information on wheat and on efficient management. absence of uniform screening protocols is contributing to slow progress of host resistance development. to develop an efficient screening protocol, several greenhouse studies were conducted, and effects of incubation period, inoculum level, inoculation method, seedling age, and their interactions on root-galling severi ... | 2012 | 23481227 |
| identification of candidate effector genes in the transcriptome of the rice root knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola. | plant-parasitic nematodes secrete so-called effectors into their host plant which are able to suppress the plant's defence responses, alter plant signalling pathways and, in the case of root knot nematodes, induce the formation of giant cells. putative effectors have been successfully identified by genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics approaches. in this study, we investigated the transcriptome of the rice root knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola by 454 sequencing of second-stage juveniles ... | 2012 | 23279209 |
| relationship of resistance to meloidogyne chitwoodi (race 2) and m. hapla in alfalfa. | in the pacific northwest, alfalfa (medicago sativa) is host to two species of root-knot nematodes, including race 2 of the columbia root-knot nematode (meloidogyne chitwoodi) and the northern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne hapla). in addition to the damage caused to alfalfa itself by m. hapla, alfalfa's host status to both species leaves large numbers of nematodes available to damage rotation crops, of which potato is the most important. a nematode-resistant alfalfa germplasm release, w12sr2w1, ... | 2012 | 23483826 |
| variable rate application of nematicides on cotton fields: a promising site-specific management strategy. | field tests were conducted to determine if differences in response to nematicide application (i.e., root-knot nematode (rkn) populations, cotton yield, and profitability) occurred among rkn management zones (mz). the mz were delineated using fuzzy clustering of five terrain (tr) and edaphic (ed) field features related to soil texture: apparent soil electrical conductivity shallow (eca-shallow) and deep (eca-deep), elevation (el), slope (sl), and changes in bare soil reflectance. zones with lowes ... | 2012 | 23482903 |
| predicting damage of meloidogyne incognita on watermelon. | quantitative growth response of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) sensitive to meloidogyne incognita is poorly understood. determination of soil population densities of second-stage juveniles (j2) of m. incognita with baermann funnel extraction often is inaccurate at low soil temperatures. in greenhouse experiments, three sandy soils were inoculated with dilution series of population densities of eggs or j2 of m. incognita and planted in small containers to watermelon 'royal sweet' or subjected to ... | 2012 | 23482631 |
| description of a unique, complex feeding socket caused by the putative primitive root-knot nematode, meloidogyne kikuyensis. | meloidogyne kikuyensis produces unique galls that form on one side of the root resembling nitrogen-fixing nodules that are produced on legumes in response to infection by rhizobium and related bacteria. the gall caused by this root-knot nematode is made up of a complex feeding socket composed of several giant cells that are ramified with xylem vessels extending perpendicular from the vascular cylinder. the anterior portion of the second-stage juvenile, which develops into an adult, plugs into th ... | 2012 | 23482409 |
| susceptibility of several common subtropical weeds to meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica. | experiments were conducted in the greenhouse to assess root galling and egg production of three root-knot nematode species, meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica, on several weeds common to florida agricultural land. weeds evaluated were amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed), cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge), eleusine indica (goosegrass), portulaca oleracea (common purslane), and solanum americanum (american black nightshade). additionally, although it is recommended as a co ... | 2012 | 23482324 |
| characterization of a root-knot nematode population of meloidogyne arenaria from tupungato (mendoza, argentina). | root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) are polyphagous plant parasites of global importance. successful host infection depends on the particular interaction between a specific nematode species and race and a specific plant species and cultivar. accurate diagnosis of nematode species is relevant to effective agricultural management; and benefits further from understanding the variability within a single nematode species. here, we described a population of m. arenaria race 2 from mendoza (argentin ... | 2012 | 23481918 |
| the structure of syncytia induced by the phytoparasitic nematode nacobbus aberrans in tomato roots, and the possible role of plasmodesmata in their nutrition. | the structure of syncytia induced within galls in tomato roots by the false root-knot nematode nacobbus aberrans has been examined by light and electron microscopy. a syncytium develops by breakdown or individual cell walls, which allows movement of cytoplasmic contents between transformed cells. the wall breakdown takes place at pit fields, where the plasmodesmata may be protected from digestion until the surrounding wall is removed. numerous sieve elements differentiate in the cells outside th ... | 1994 | 197113 |
| analysis of gene expression in soybean (glycine max) roots in response to the root knot nematode meloidogyne incognita using microarrays and kegg pathways. | root-knot nematodes are sedentary endoparasites that can infect more than 3000 plant species. root-knot nematodes cause an estimated $100 billion annual loss worldwide. for successful establishment of the root-knot nematode in its host plant, it causes dramatic morphological and physiological changes in plant cells. the expression of some plant genes is altered by the nematode as it establishes its feeding site. | 2011 | 21569240 |
| a role of the gelatinous matrix in the resistance of root-knot nematode (meloidogyne spp.) eggs to microorganisms. | the survival of eggs of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica was studied in a series of experiments comparing the infectivity of egg masses (em) to that of separated eggs (se). the em or se were placed in the centers of pots containing citrus orchard soil and incubated for 24 hours, 10 days, or 20 days. following each incubation time, 10-day-old tomato plants were planted in each pot, and 3 to 4 weeks later the plants were harvested and the galling indices determined. in the em treatments ... | 2001 | 19265882 |
| horizontally transferred genes in plant-parasitic nematodes: a high-throughput genomic approach. | published accounts of horizontally acquired genes in plant-parasitic nematodes have not been the result of a specific search for gene transfer per se, but rather have emerged from characterization of individual genes. we present a method for a high-throughput genome screen for horizontally acquired genes, illustrated using expressed sequence tag (est) data from three species of root-knot nematode, meloidogyne species. | 2003 | 12801413 |
| evaluation of an antibiotic-producing strain of pseudomonas fluorescens for suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes. | the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (dapg), produced by some strains of pseudomonas spp., is involved in suppression of several fungal root pathogens as well as plant-parasitic nematodes. the primary objective of this study was to determine whether wood1r, a d-genotype strain of dapg-producing p. fluorescens, suppresses numbers of both sedentary and migratory plant-parasitic nematodes. an experiment was conducted in steam-heated soil and included two seed treatments (with wood1r and a cont ... | 2009 | 22736820 |
| influence of inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) on tomato plant growth and nematode reproduction under greenhouse conditions. | numerous species of soil bacteria which flourish in the rhizosphere of plants or around plant tissues stimulate plant growth and reduce nematode population by antagonistic behavior. these bacteria are collectively known as pgpr (plant growth promoting rhizobacteria). the effects of six isolates of pgpr pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas fluorescens, serratia marcescens, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus, were studied on tomato plant growth and root knot nematode repr ... | 2012 | 23961220 |
| efficacy evaluation of fungus syncephalastrum racemosum and nematicide avermectin against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita on cucumber. | the root-knot nematode (rkn) is one of the most damaging agricultural pests.effective biological control is need for controlling this destructive pathogen in organic farming system. during october 2010 to 2011, the nematicidal effects of the syncephalastrum racemosum fungus and the nematicide, avermectin, alone or combined were tested against the rkn (meloidogyne incognita) on cucumber under pot and field condition in china. under pot conditions, the application of s. racemosum alone or combined ... | 2014 | 24586982 |
| isolation and characterization of a rhizobacterial antagonist of root-knot nematodes. | the rhizobacterial strain jdm2 was isolated from the rhizosphere of the traditional chinese medicinal herb trichosanthes kirilowii in jiangsu province, china, and was identified as bacillus subtilis. exposure of cell-free filtrate of the strain to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita under in vitro conditions caused substantial mortality of the second stage juvenile (j2) and significantly reduced egg hatchability. a greenhouse trial demonstrated that 56 days after treatment with jdm2, th ... | 2014 | 24465828 |
| the nematicidal effect of camellia seed cake on root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica of banana. | suppression of root-knot nematodes is crucially important for maintaining the worldwide development of the banana industry. growing concerns about human and environmental safety have led to the withdrawal of commonly used nematicides and soil fumigants, thus motivating the development of alternative nematode management strategies. in this study, meloidogyne javanica was isolated, and the nematicidal effect of camellia seed cake on this pest was investigated. the results showed that in dish exper ... | 2015 | 25849382 |
| biological control of meloidogyne incognita by aspergillus niger f22 producing oxalic acid. | restricted usage of chemical nematicides has led to development of environmentally safe alternatives. a culture filtrate of aspergillus niger f22 was highly active against meloidogyne incognita with marked mortality of second-stage juveniles (j2s) and inhibition of egg hatching. the nematicidal component was identified as oxalic acid by organic acid analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (gc-ms). exposure to 2 mmol/l oxalic acid resulted in 100% juvenile mortality at 1 day after treat ... | 2016 | 27258452 |
| assessment of dapg-producing pseudomonas fluorescens for management of meloidogyne incognita and fusarium oxysporum on watermelon. | pseudomonas fluorescens isolates clinto 1r, wayne 1r, and wood 1r, which produce the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (dapg), can suppress soilborne diseases and promote plant growth. consequently, these beneficial bacterial isolates were tested on watermelon plants for suppression of meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode: rkn) and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (fon). in a greenhouse trial, wayne 1r root dip suppressed numbers of rkn eggs per gram root on 'charleston gray' watermelon ... | 2016 | 27168652 |
| meloidogyne incognita - rice (oryza sativa) interaction: a new model system to study plant-root-knot nematode interactions in monocotyledons. | plant-parasitic nematodes developed strategies to invade and colonize their host plants, including expression of immune suppressors to overcome host defenses. meloidogyne graminicola and m. incognita are root-knot nematode (rkn) species reported to damage rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivated in upland and irrigated systems. despite m. incognita wide host range, study of the molecular plant - rkn interaction has been so far limited to a few dicotyledonous model plants. the aim of this study was to i ... | 2014 | 26224554 |
| groundnut improvement: use of genetic and genomic tools. | groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.), a self-pollinated legume is an important crop cultivated in 24 million ha world over for extraction of edible oil and food uses. the kernels are rich in oil (48-50%) and protein (25-28%), and are source of several vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, biologically active polyphenols, flavonoids, and isoflavones. improved varieties of groundnut with high yield potential were developed and released for cultivation world over. the improved varieties belong to different ... | 2013 | 23443056 |
| comprehensive transcriptome profiling in tomato reveals a role for glycosyltransferase in mi-mediated nematode resistance. | root-knot nematode (rkn; meloidogyne spp.) is a major crop pathogen worldwide. effective resistance exists for a few plant species, including that conditioned by mi in tomato (solanum lycopersicum). we interrogated the root transcriptome of the resistant (mi+) and susceptible (mi-) cultivars 'motelle' and 'moneymaker,' respectively, during a time-course infection by the mi-susceptible rkn species meloidogyne incognita and the mi-resistant species meloidogyne hapla. in the absence of rkn infectio ... | 2007 | 17434994 |
| actin-depolymerizing factor2-mediated actin dynamics are essential for root-knot nematode infection of arabidopsis. | reorganization of the actin and microtubule networks is known to occur in targeted vascular parenchymal root cells upon infection with the nematode meloidogyne incognita. here, we show that actin-depolymerizing factor (adf) is upregulated in the giant feeding cells of arabidopsis thaliana that develop upon nematode infection and that knockdown of a specific adf isotype inhibits nematode proliferation. analysis of the levels of transcript and the localization of seven adf genes shows that five ar ... | 2009 | 19794115 |
| knocking-down meloidogyne incognita proteases by plant-delivered dsrna has negative pleiotropic effect on nematode vigor. | the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita causes serious damage and yield losses in numerous important crops worldwide. analysis of the m. incognita genome revealed a vast number of proteases belonging to five different catalytic classes. several reports indicate that m. incognita proteases could play important roles in nematode parasitism, besides their function in ordinary digestion of giant cell contents for feeding. the precise roles of these proteins during parasitism however are still u ... | 2013 | 24392004 |
| fatty acid-and retinol-binding protein, mj-far-1 induces tomato host susceptibility to root-knot nematodes. | plant-parasitic nematodes produce at least one structurally unique class of small helix-rich retinol- and fatty-acid-binding proteins that have no counterparts in their plant hosts. herein we describe a protein of the plant-parasitic root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica, which is a member of the nematode-specific fatty-acid- and retinol-binding (mj-far-1) family of proteins. the mj-far-1 mrna was detected through m. javanica pre-parasitic j2s, migratory and sedentary parasitic stages by quant ... | 2013 | 23717636 |
| ectopic expression of atpad4 broadens resistance of soybean to soybean cyst and root-knot nematodes. | the gene encoding pad4 (phytoalexin-deficient4) is required in arabidopsis for expression of several genes involved in the defense response to pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola. atpad4 (arabidopsis thaliana pad4) encodes a lipase-like protein that plays a regulatory role mediating salicylic acid signaling. | 2013 | 23617694 |
| apoplastic venom allergen-like proteins of cyst nematodes modulate the activation of basal plant innate immunity by cell surface receptors. | despite causing considerable damage to host tissue during the onset of parasitism, nematodes establish remarkably persistent infections in both animals and plants. it is thought that an elaborate repertoire of effector proteins in nematode secretions suppresses damage-triggered immune responses of the host. however, the nature and mode of action of most immunomodulatory compounds in nematode secretions are not well understood. here, we show that venom allergen-like proteins of plant-parasitic ne ... | 2014 | 25500833 |
| the tomato leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases slserk3a and slserk3b have overlapping functions in bacterial and nematode innate immunity. | the somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 3 (serk3)/brassinosteroid (br) insensitive 1-associated kinase 1 (bak1) is required for pattern-triggered immunity (pti) in arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana benthamiana. tomato (solanum lycopersicum) has three slserk members. two of them exhibit particularly high levels of sequence similarity to atserk3 and, therefore, were named slserk3a and slserk3b. to characterize a role for slserk3a and slserk3b in defense, we suppressed each gene individually or ... | 2014 | 24675749 |
| a novel nematode effector suppresses plant immunity by activating host reactive oxygen species-scavenging system. | evidence is emerging that plant-parasitic nematodes can secrete effectors to interfere with the host immune response, but it remains unknown how these effectors can conquer host immune responses. here, we depict a novel effector, mjttl5, that could suppress plant immune response. immunolocalization and transcriptional analyses showed that mjttl5 is expressed specifically within the subventral gland of meloidogyne javanica and up-regulated in the early parasitic stage of the nematode. transgenic ... | 2015 | 26484653 |
| identification of jasmonic acid-associated micrornas and characterization of the regulatory roles of the mir319/tcp4 module under root-knot nematode stress in tomato. | micrornas (mirnas) are important transcriptional and post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression that play crucial roles in the responses to diverse stresses. to explore jasmonic acid (ja)-dependent mirna-mediated regulatory networks that are responsive to root-knot nematode (rkn), two small rna libraries were constructed from wild-type (wt) and ja mutant (spr2) plants. a total of 263 known mirnas and 441 novel mirnas were significantly regulated under rkn stress in the two libraries. the ... | 2015 | 26002970 |
| involvement of nitric oxide in the jasmonate-dependent basal defense against root-knot nematode in tomato plants. | jasmonic acid (ja) and nitric oxide (no) are well-characterized signaling molecules in plant defense responses. however, their roles in plant defense against root-knot nematode (rkn, meloidogyne incognita) infection are largely unknown. in this study, we found that the transcript levels of the ja- and no-related biosynthetic and signaling component genes were induced after rkn infection. application of exogenous ja and sodium nitroprusside (snp; a no donor) significantly decreased the number of ... | 2015 | 25914698 |
| opda has key role in regulating plant susceptibility to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla in arabidopsis. | jasmonic acid (ja) is a plant hormone that plays important roles in regulating plant defenses against necrotrophic pathogens and herbivorous insects, but the role of ja in mediating the plant responses to root-knot nematodes has been unclear. here we show that an application of either methyl jasmonate (meja) or the ja-mimic coronatine (cor) on arabidopsis significantly reduced the number of galls caused by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla. interestingly, the meja-induced resistance was i ... | 2016 | 27822219 |
| root transcriptome analysis of wild peanut reveals candidate genes for nematode resistance. | wild peanut relatives (arachis spp.) are genetically diverse and were adapted to a range of environments during the evolution course, constituting an important source of allele diversity for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. the wild diploid a. stenosperma harbors high levels of resistance to a variety of pathogens, including the root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne arenaria, through the onset of the hypersensitive response (hr). in order to identify genes and regulators triggering this ... | 2015 | 26488731 |
| map65-3 microtubule-associated protein is essential for nematode-induced giant cell ontogenesis in arabidopsis. | the infection of plants by obligate parasitic nematodes constitutes an interesting model for investigating plant cytoskeleton functions. root knot nematodes have evolved the ability to manipulate host functions to their own advantage by redifferentiating root cells into multinucleate and hypertrophied feeding cells. these giant cells result from repeated rounds of karyokinesis without cell division. detailed functional analyses demonstrated that arabidopsis thaliana microtubule-associated protei ... | 2008 | 18263774 |
| molecular characteristics and efficacy of 16d10 sirnas in inhibiting root-knot nematode infection in transgenic grape hairy roots. | root-knot nematodes (rkns) infect many annual and perennial crops and are the most devastating soil-born pests in vineyards. to develop a biotech-based solution for controlling rkns in grapes, we evaluated the efficacy of plant-derived rna interference (rnai) silencing of a conserved rkn effector gene, 16d10, for nematode resistance in transgenic grape hairy roots. two hairpin-based silencing constructs, containing a stem sequence of 42 bp (part27-42) or 271 bp (part27-271) of the 16d10 gene, we ... | 2013 | 23874962 |
| meloidogyne javanica fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein (mj-far-1) regulates expression of lipid-, cell wall-, stress- and phenylpropanoid-related genes during nematode infection of tomato. | the secreted meloidogyne javanica fatty acid- and retinol-binding (far) protein mj-far-1 is involved in nematode development and reproduction in host tomato roots. to gain further insight into the role of mj-far-1 in regulating disease development, local transcriptional changes were monitored in tomato hairy root lines with constitutive mj-far-1 expression compared with control roots without inoculation, and 2, 5 and 15 days after inoculation (dai), using mrna sequencing analysis. | 2015 | 25886179 |
| long-term in vitro system for maintenance and amplification of root-knot nematodes in cucumis sativus roots. | root-knot nematodes (rkn) are polyphagous plant-parasitic roundworms that produce large crop losses, representing a relevant agricultural pest worldwide. after infection, they induce swollen root structures called galls containing giant cells (gcs) indispensable for nematode development. among efficient control methods are biotechnology-based strategies that require a deep knowledge of underlying molecular processes during the plant-nematode interaction. methods of achieving this knowledge inclu ... | 2016 | 26941745 |
| analysis and functional classification of transcripts from the nematode meloidogyne incognita. | plant parasitic nematodes are major pathogens of most crops. molecular characterization of these species as well as the development of new techniques for control can benefit from genomic approaches. as an entrée to characterizing plant parasitic nematode genomes, we analyzed 5,700 expressed sequence tags (ests) from second-stage larvae (l2) of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | 2003 | 12702207 |
| (homo)glutathione deficiency impairs root-knot nematode development in medicago truncatula. | root-knot nematodes (rkn) are obligatory plant parasitic worms that establish and maintain an intimate relationship with their host plants. during a compatible interaction, rkn induce the redifferentiation of root cells into multinucleate and hypertrophied giant cells essential for nematode growth and reproduction. these metabolically active feeding cells constitute the exclusive source of nutrients for the nematode. detailed analysis of glutathione (gsh) and homoglutathione (hgsh) metabolism de ... | 2012 | 22241996 |
| altered sucrose synthase and invertase expression affects the local and systemic sugar metabolism of nematode-infected arabidopsis thaliana plants. | sedentary endoparasitic nematodes of plants induce highly specific feeding cells in the root central cylinder. from these, the obligate parasites withdraw all required nutrients. the feeding cells were described as sink tissues in the plant's circulation system that are supplied with phloem-derived solutes such as sugars. currently, there are several publications describing mechanisms of sugar import into the feeding cells. however, sugar processing has not been studied so far. thus, in the pres ... | 2013 | 24187419 |
| specific microbial attachment to root knot nematodes in suppressive soil. | understanding the interactions of plant-parasitic nematodes with antagonistic soil microbes could provide opportunities for novel crop protection strategies. three arable soils were investigated for their suppressiveness against the root knot nematode meloidogyne hapla. for all three soils, m. hapla developed significantly fewer galls, egg masses, and eggs on tomato plants in unsterilized than in sterilized infested soil. egg numbers were reduced by up to 93%. this suggested suppression by soil ... | 2014 | 24532076 |
| tm1: a mutator/foldback transposable element family in root-knot nematodes. | three closely related parthenogenetic species of root-knot nematodes, collectively termed the meloidogyne incognita-group, are economically significant pathogens of diverse crop species. remarkably, these asexual root-knot nematodes are capable of acquiring heritable changes in virulence even though they lack sexual reproduction and meiotic recombination. characterization of a near isogenic pair of m. javanica strains differing in response to tomato with the nematode resistance gene mi-1 showed ... | 2011 | 21931741 |
| mutations in acetylcholinesterase2 (ace2) increase the insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to fosthiazate in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita causes severe damage to continuously cropping vegetables. the control of this nematode relies heavily on organophosphate nematicides in china. here, we described resistance to the organophosphate nematicide fosthiazate in a greenhouse-collected resistant population (rp) and a laboratory susceptible population (sp) of m. incognita. fosthiazate was 2.74-fold less toxic to nematodes from rp than that from sp. quantitative real-time pcr revealed that the ... | 2016 | 27897265 |
| characterization of thermo- and detergent stable antigenic glycosylated cysteine protease of euphorbia nivulia buch.-ham. and evaluation of its ecofriendly applications. | an antigenic glycosylated cysteine protease has been purified from the latex of euphorbia nivulia buch.-ham. it exhibits remarkable protease activity in the presence of metal ions, oxidizing agents, organic solvents, and detergents. this enzyme showed potential role in leather processing industry due to its dehairing activity for animal hide without hydrolyzing fibrous proteins, producing, by this way, a better quality product. the enzyme can also be used for silver recovering from x-ray plates. ... | 2013 | 24348183 |
| a role for the 'excretory' system in secernentean nematodes. | | 1988 | 19290243 |
| the effect of arthrobotrys conoides on meloidogyne incognita population densities in corn as influenced by temperature, fungus inoculum density, and time of fungus introduction in the soil. | in greenhouse experiments, the effect of arthrobotrys conoides on meloidogyne incognita population densities as affected by soil temperature, inoculum density, and green alfalfa was determined. the effect on m. incognita population densities was greater at a soil temperature of 25 c than at 18 or 32 c. nematode control by a. conoides was most effective when the fungus was introduced into the soil 2 wk prior to nematode inoculation and planting of corn. inoculum density of a. conoides was positiv ... | 1982 | 19295692 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne incognita on corn grown in soil in fested with arthrobotrys conoides. | microplot and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of soil incorporation of the nematophagous fungus arthrobotrys conoides and green alfalfa mulch on the population dynamics of meloidogyne incognita on corn. reproduction of m. incognita and the incidence of root galling were reduced by the addition of a. conoides and/or green alfalfa in all tests. numbers of juveniles were reduced by as much as 84%, and eggs were fewest in early to mid-season soil samples from microplots ... | 1982 | 19295673 |
| nematode-trapping fungi: evaluation of axenic healthy and galled roots as trap inducers. | larvae of meloidogyne hapla chit. induced abundant trap formation in the predaceous fungus arthrobotrys conoides drechs. under similar aseptic conditions, neither healthy roots of lycopersicon esculentum mill, nor roots parasitized by the root-knot nematode induced traps. | 1964 | 14190248 |
| interspecific and host-related gene expression patterns in nematode-trapping fungi. | nematode-trapping fungi are soil-living fungi that capture and kill nematodes using special hyphal structures called traps. they display a large diversity of trapping mechanisms and differ in their host preferences. to provide insights into the genetic basis for this variation, we compared the transcriptome expressed by three species of nematode-trapping fungi (arthrobotrys oligospora, monacrosporium cionopagum and arthrobotrys dactyloides, which use adhesive nets, adhesive branches or constrict ... | 2014 | 25384908 |
| low-temperature scanning electron microscopy in fungus-nematode interaction. | a comparative study has been made of different preparation techniques used for the scanning electron microscope (sem), with regard to their application to fungus-nematode interaction. the preparation of frozen-hydrated specimens of both healthy and arthrobotrys-oligospora-infected second-stage larvae of the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne sp.) is described, and the results are compared with those obtained by critical point-drying and freeze-drying. in all cases the frozen-hydrated specimens cons ... | 2006 | 8281360 |
| biological control of meloidogyne hapla on alfalfa and tomato with the fungus meria coniospora. | this study was to determine whether arthrobotrys flagrans, a. oligospora, and meria coniospora would control the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla on alfalfa and tomato. alfalfa seeds were coated with a fungus-rye powder in 2% cellulose and were planted in infested soil. three-week-old seedlings from seed treated with m. coniospora had 60% and 58% fewer galls in two experiments than did seedlings from untreated seeds. numbers of j2 in the soil were not reduced. plant growth did not improve. w ... | 1989 | 19287596 |
| genomes of parasitic nematodes (meloidogyne hapla, meloidogyne incognita, ascaris suum and brugia malayi) have a reduced complement of small rna interference pathway genes: knockdown can reduce host infectivity of m. incognita. | the discovery of rna interference (rnai) as an endogenous mechanism of gene regulation in a range of eukaryotes has resulted in its extensive use as a tool for functional genomic studies. it is important to study the mechanisms which underlie this phenomenon in different organisms, and in particular to understand details of the effectors that modulate its effectiveness. the aim of this study was to identify and compare genomic sequences encoding genes involved in the rnai pathway of four parasit ... | 2016 | 27126863 |
| efficacy of root-associated fungi and pgpr on the growth of pisum sativum (cv. arkil) and reproduction of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | the effects of root-associated fungi (aspergillus awamori and glomus mosseae) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) (pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas alcaligenes and paenibacillus polymyxa) were studied alone and in combination in glasshouse experiments on the growth of pea, enzyme activity (peroxidase and catalase) and reproduction of root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. application of a. awamori, g. mosseae and pgpr caused a significant increase in pea growth and enzyme activitie ... | 2013 | 22915081 |
| biological control of meloidogyne hapla using an antagonistic bacterium. | we examined the efficacy of a bacterium for biocontrol of the root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne hapla in carrot (daucus carota subsp. sativus) and tomato (solanum lycopersicum). among 542 bacterial isolates from various soils and plants, the highest nematode mortality was observed for treatments with isolate c1-7, which was identified as bacillus cereus based on cultural and morphological characteristics, the biolog program, and 16s rrna sequencing analyses. the population density and the nem ... | 2014 | 25289015 |
| bacterial mixture from greenhouse soil as a biocontrol agent against root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, on oriental melon. | the biological control efficacy of a greenhouse soil bacterial mixture of lactobacillus farraginis, bacillus cereus, and bacillus thuringiensis strains with antinematode activity was evaluated against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. two control groups planted in soil drenched with sterile distilled water or treated with the broadspectrum carbamate pesticide carbofuran were used for comparison. the results suggest that the bacterial mixture is effective as a biocontrol agent against ... | 2012 | 22297227 |
| a novel serine protease, sep1, from bacillus firmus ds-1 has nematicidal activity and degrades multiple intestinal-associated nematode proteins. | plant-parasitic nematodes (ppns) cause serious harm to agricultural production. bacillus firmus shows excellent control of ppns and has been produced as a commercial nematicide. however, its nematicidal factors and mechanisms are still unknown. in this study, we showed that b. firmus strain ds-1 has high toxicity against meloidogyne incognita and soybean cyst nematode. we sequenced the whole genome of ds-1 and identified multiple potential virulence factors. we then focused on a peptidase s8 sup ... | 2016 | 27118554 |
| systemic nematicidal activity and biocontrol efficacy of bacillus firmus against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | a strain of marine bacterium bacillus firmus ybf-10 with nematicidal activity was originally isolated by our group. in the present study, the systemic nematicidal activity and biocontrol efficacy in pot experiment of b. firmus ybf-10 were investigated. our results showed that ybf-10 exhibits systemic nematicidal activity against meloidogyne incognita, including lethal activity, inhibition of egg hatch and motility. pot experiment suggested that soil drenching with ybf-10 efficiently reduced dama ... | 2015 | 25672545 |
| synthesis, spectral studies and biological evaluation of 2-aminonicotinic acid metal complexes. | we synthesized 2-aminonicotinic acid (2-ana) complexes with metals such as co(ii), fe(iii), ni(ii), mn(ii), zn(ii), ag(i),cr(iii), cd(ii) and cu(ii) in aqueous media. the complexes were characterized and elucidated using ft-ir, uv-vis, a fluorescence spectrophotometer and thermo gravimetric analysis (tga). tga data showed that the stoichiometry of complexes was 1:2 metal/ligand except for ag(i) and mn(ii) where the ratio was 1:1. the metal complexes showed varied antibacterial, fungicidal and ne ... | 2016 | 26945123 |
| the nematicidal effect of some bacterial biofertilizers on meloidogyne incognita in sandy soil. | in a greenhouse experiment, the nematicidal effect of some bacterial biofertilizers including the nitrogen fixing bacteria (nfb) paenibacillus polymyxa (four strains), the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (psb) bacillus megaterium (three strains) and the potassium solubilizing bacteria (ksb) b. circulans (three strains) were evaluated individually on tomato plants infested with the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita in potted sandy soil. comparing with the uninoculated nematode-infested con ... | 2011 | 24031611 |
| nematode neuropeptides as transgenic nematicides. | plant parasitic nematodes (ppns) seriously threaten global food security. conventionally an integrated approach to ppn management has relied heavily on carbamate, organophosphate and fumigant nematicides which are now being withdrawn over environmental health and safety concerns. this progressive withdrawal has left a significant shortcoming in our ability to manage these economically important parasites, and highlights the need for novel and robust control methods. nematodes can assimilate exog ... | 2017 | 28241060 |
| bacterial antagonists of fungal pathogens also control root-knot nematodes by induced systemic resistance of tomato plants. | the potential of bacterial antagonists of fungal pathogens to control the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita was investigated under greenhouse conditions. treatment of tomato seeds with several strains significantly reduced the numbers of galls and egg masses compared with the untreated control. best performed bacillus subtilis isolates sb4-23, mc5-re2, and mc2-re2, which were further studied for their mode of action with regard to direct effects by bacterial metabolites or repellents, and ... | 2014 | 24587352 |
| the diverse nematicidal properties and biocontrol efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis cry6a against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla. | cry6a toxin from bacillus thuringiensis is a representative nematicidal crystal protein with a variety of nematicidal properties to free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. cry6a shares very low homology and different structure with cry5b, another representative nematicidal crystal protein, and probably acts in a distinct pathway. all these strongly indicate that cry6a toxin is likely a potent candidate for nematicide. the present study dealt with global investigation to determine the detrim ... | 2015 | 25556591 |
| field efficacy of furfural as a nematicide on turf. | a commercial formulation of furfural was recently launched in the united states as a turfgrass nematicide. three field trials evaluated efficacy of this commercial formulation on dwarf bermudagrass putting greens infested primarily with belonolaimus longicaudatus, meloidogyne graminis, or both these nematodes, and in some cases with mesocriconema ornatum or helicotylenchus pseudorobustus. in all these trials, furfural improved turf health but did not reduce population densities of b. longicaudat ... | 2014 | 24644368 |
| effect of sorghum-sudangrass and velvetbean cover crops on plant-parasitic nematodes associated with potato production in florida. | in a 3-year field study, population densities of belonolaimus longicaudatus and other plant-parasitic nematodes and crop yields were compared between potato (solanum tuberosum) cropping systems where either sorghum-sudangrass (sorghum bicolor x s. arundinaceum) or velvetbean (mucuna pruriens) was grown as a summer cover crop. population densities of b. longicaudatus, paratrichodorus minor, tylenchorhynchus sp., and mesocriconema sp. increased on sorghum-sudangrass. population densities of p. min ... | 2001 | 19265888 |
| effects of potato-cotton cropping systems and nematicides on plant-parasitic nematodes and crop yields. | belonolaimus longicaudatus has been reported as damaging both potato (solanum tuberosum) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum). these crops are not normally grown in cropping systems together in areas where the soil is infested with b. longicaudatus. during the 1990s cotton was grown in a potato production region that was a suitable habitat for b. longicaudatus. it was not known how integrating the production of these two crops by rotation or double-cropping would affect the population densities of b. ... | 2000 | 19270980 |
| evaluation of three nematicides for the control of phytoparasitic nematodes in 'tifgreen ii' bermudagrass. | three nematicides were evaluated for control of belonolaimus longicaudatus, hoplolaimus galeatus, criconemella spp., and meloidogyne spp. in 'tifgreen ii' bermudagrass mowed at golf course fairway height (1.3 cm) in fort lauderdale, florida. bermudagrass plots were treated with fenamiphos (13.5 kg a.i./ha), oxamyl (13.5 kg a.i./ha), or 30% formaldehyde (6.4 liter a.i./ha). the plots treated with fenamiphos or formaldehyde were split 14 days later and one-half of each plot received two biweekly a ... | 1988 | 19290302 |
| effects of several phytoparasitic nematodes on the growth of basil, ocimum basilicum. | greenhouse experiments were conducted in 15-cm-d pots of steamed myakka fine sand to determine the host status and tolerance of common basil (ocimum basilicum) to several important phytoparasitic nematodes in florida. populations of meloidogyne incognita, belonolaimus longicaudatus, and pratylenchus scribneri increased and caused significant suppression of foliage and root growth during a 10-month period. the population of paratrichodorus christiei increased and caused a significant reduction in ... | 1988 | 19290296 |
| effect of two nonfumigant nematicides on corn grown in two adjacent fields infested with different nematodes. | the organo-phosphate experimental nematicide, o-ethyl s,s-di-sec-butyl phosphorodithioate (fmc 67825), provided yield increases of corn comparable to carbofuran. both the emulsifiable concentrate and granular formulations of fmc 67825 were equally effective. the evaluations, duplicated in two adjacent fields, clearly demonstrated the importance of the type of plant pathogenic nematodes infesting the sites. where belonolaimus longicaudatus occurred, yield increases ranged from 73% to 80%, whereas ... | 1987 | 19290284 |
| nematotoxicity of drupacine and a cephalotaxus alkaloid preparation against the plant-parasitic nematodes meloidogyne incognita and bursaphelenchus xylophilus. | species of cephalotaxus (the plum yews) produce nematotoxic compounds of unknown identity. consequently, bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to identify the compound(s) in cephalotaxus fortunei twigs and leaves with activity against plant-parasitic nematodes. | 2013 | 23785026 |
| preferential expression of a plant cystatin at nematode feeding sites confers resistance to meloidogyne incognita and globodera pallida. | the expression patterns of three promoters preferentially active in the roots of arabidopsis thaliana have been investigated in transgenic potato plants in response to plant parasitic nematode infection. promoter regions from the three genes, tub-1, arsk1 and rpl16a were linked to the gus reporter gene and histochemical staining was used to localize expression in potato roots in response to infection with both the potato cyst nematode, globodera pallida and the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne in ... | 2004 | 17166138 |
| the fungal endophyte chaetomium globosum negatively affects both above- and belowground herbivores in cotton. | mutualistic plant-endophyte symbioses can benefit plants by increasing host fitness through reductions in herbivory. the fungus, chaetomium globosum strain tamu 520, was previously isolated as an endophyte from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and can be re-inoculated to systemically colonize cotton plants via seed treatment. we evaluated the potential impacts of the endophyte in cotton on plant parasitic nematodes belowground, along with piercing-sucking and chewing insects aboveground. endophytic c ... | 2016 | 27451418 |
| insect deterrent and nematicidal screening of microfungi from mexico and anti-aphid compounds from gliomastix masseei. | fungal metabolites are promising alternatives for the development of biorational pesticides. in this sense, microfungi from tropical regions are valuable sources of natural compounds for pest management. with the aim of broadening the search for new eco-friendly products to manage plant pests, this study was carried out to evaluate the biological activity of 23 tropical fungal extracts on three species of phytophagous insects and a plant parasitic nematode. in addition, the active principles of ... | 2017 | 28258772 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,5-dimethoxystilbene analogs. | in our continuing effort to discover natural product-based pest management agents, derivatives of 3,5-dimethoxystilbene were synthesized yielding 27 new and six known compounds. compounds 11 and 12 showed strong aedes aegypti larvicidal activity (lc50 45.31 and 49.93 μm, respectively). furthermore, 11 and 12 exhibited high effectiveness against larvae of pesticide-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant strains of ae. aegypti; activity against the adult mosquitoes was low. compounds 6f, 6g, and 6i ... | 2016 | 27450661 |
| expression and evolutionary analyses of three acetylcholinesterase genes (mi-ace-1, mi-ace-2, mi-ace-3) in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | the full cdna of mi-ace-3 encoding an acetylcholinesterase (ache) in meloidogyne incognita was cloned and characterized. mi-ace-3 had an open reading frame of 1875 bp encoding 624 amino acid residues. key residues essential to ache structure and function were conserved. the deduced mi-ace-3 protein sequence had 72% amino acid similarity with that of ditylenchus destructor dd-ache-3. phylogenetic analyses using 41 aches from 24 species showed that mi-ace-3 formed a cluster with 4 other nematode a ... | 2017 | 28238686 |
| exploitation of fta cartridges for the sampling, long-term storage, and dna-based analyses of plant-parasitic nematodes. | the use of dna-based analyses in molecular plant nematology research has dramatically increased over recent decades. therefore, the development and adaptation of simple, robust, and cost-effective dna purification procedures are required to address these contemporary challenges. the solid-phase-based approach developed by flinders technology associates (fta) has been shown to be a powerful technology for the preparation of dna from different biological materials, including blood, saliva, plant t ... | 2014 | 24093923 |
| control of heterodera carotae, ditylenchus dipsaci, and meloidogyne javanica with fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides. | five field trials were conducted in italy in 1983 and 1984 to test the efficacy of isazofos and benfuracarb in controlling heterodera carotae on carrot, ditylenchus dipsaci on onion, and meloidogyne javanica on tomato. methyl isothiocyanate (mit) was tested against h. carotae and m. javanica. single (10 kg a.i./ha) and split (5 + 5 kg a.i./ha) applications of isazofos gave yield increases of carrot and onion similar to those obtained with dd (300 liters/ha) and aldicarb (10 kg a.i./ha). populati ... | 1986 | 19294191 |
| interrelationship of meloidogyne hapla and ditylenchus dipsaci on resistant and susceptible alfalfa. | simultaneous inoculations of alfalfa with meloidogyne hapla larvae and ditylenchus dipsaci at 16, 20, 24, and 28 c did not depress penetration of either nematode in 'nev syn xx' -a selection resistant to m. hapla and d. dipsaci, 'vernal 298' -a selection resistant to m. hapla and susceptible to d. dipsaci, 'lahontan' -a cultivar resistant to d. dipsaci and susceptible to m. hapla, and 'ranger' -a cultivar susceptible to both m. hapla and d, dipsaci. infection with d. dipsaci depressed growth of ... | 1980 | 19300705 |
| phenotypic comparison of clinical and plant-beneficial strains of pantoea agglomerans. | certain strains of pantoea are used as biocontrol agents for the suppression of plant diseases. however, their commercial registration is hampered in some countries because of biosafety concerns. this study compares clinical and plant-beneficial strains of p. agglomerans and related species using a phenotypic analysis approach in which plant-beneficial effects, adverse effects in nematode models, and toxicity were evaluated. plant-beneficial effects were determined as the inhibition of apple fru ... | 2014 | 26418852 |
| a 4-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-aminothiazole: microwave assisted synthesis, spectral, thermal, xrd and biological studies. | a 4-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-aminothiazole (cpat) has been synthesized by reacting o-chloroacetophenone, iodine and thiourea under microwave irradiation as a green chemistry approach. the reactions proceed selectively and within a couple of minutes giving high yields of the products. the compound was characterized by elemental, spectral (uv-visible, ir, nmr and gc-ms), xrd and thermal analyses. the tg curve of the compound was analyzed to calculate various kinetic parameters (n, e, z, δs and δg) by us ... | 2013 | 23860403 |
| dna complexity of the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne spp.) genome. | cot curves derived from renaturation kinetics of sheared denatured dna indicated that the genome of six populations representing the four most common root-knot nematode species (meloidogyne incognita, m. arenaria, m. javanica, and m. hapla) is composed of 20% repetitive and 80% nonrepetitive sequences of dna. cot curves were almost identical, indicating that all populations had a haploid genome of approximately the same size. calculations from an average cot curve gave an estimate of 0.51 x 108 ... | 1989 | 19287606 |
| analysis of root-knot nematode and fusarium wilt disease resistance in cotton (gossypium spp.) using chromosome substitution lines from two alien species. | chromosome substitution (cs) lines in plants are a powerful genetic resource for analyzing the contribution of chromosome segments to phenotypic variance. in this study, a series of interspecific cotton (gossypium spp.) cs lines were used to identify a new germplasm resource, and to validate chromosomal regions and favorable alleles associated with nematode or fungal disease resistance traits. the cs lines were developed in the g. hirsutum l. tm-1 background with chromosome or chromosome segment ... | 2016 | 26882892 |
| sequence composition of bac clones and ssr markers mapped to upland cotton chromosomes 11 and 21 targeting resistance to soil-borne pathogens. | genetic and physical framework mapping in cotton (gossypium spp.) were used to discover putative gene sequences involved in resistance to common soil-borne pathogens. chromosome (chr) 11 and its homoeologous chr 21 of upland cotton (g. hirsutum) are foci for discovery of resistance (r) or pathogen-induced r (pr) genes underlying qtls involved in response to root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita), reniform nematode (rotylenchulus reniformis), fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectu ... | 2015 | 26483808 |
| the application of arabidopsis thaliana in studying tripartite interactions among plants, beneficial fungal endophytes and biotrophic plant-parasitic nematodes. | the research demonstrated that arabidopsis can be used as a model system for studying plant-nematode-endophyte tripartite interactions; thus, opening new possibilities for further characterizing the molecular mechanisms behind these interactions. arabidopsis has been established as an important model system for studying plant biology and plant-microbe interactions. we show that this plant can also be used for studying the tripartite interactions among plants, the root-knot nematode meloidogyne i ... | 2015 | 25548000 |
| short interfering rna-mediated gene silencing in globodera pallida and meloidogyne incognita infective stage juveniles. | the analysis of gene function through rna interference (rnai)-based reverse genetics in plant parasitic nematodes (ppns) remains inexplicably reliant on the use of long double-stranded rna (dsrna) silencing triggers; a practice inherently disadvantageous due to the introduction of superfluous dsrna sequence, increasing chances of aberrant or off-target gene silencing through interactions between nascent short interfering rnas (sirnas) and non-cognate mrna targets. recently, we have shown that no ... | 2010 | 19651131 |
| non-nematode-derived double-stranded rnas induce profound phenotypic changes in meloidogyne incognita and globodera pallida infective juveniles. | nine non-nematode-derived double-stranded rnas (dsrnas), designed for use as controls in rna interference (rnai) screens of neuropeptide targets, were found to induce aberrant phenotypes and an unexpected inhibitory effect on motility of root knot nematode meloidogyne incognita j2s following 24h soaks in 0.1 mg/ml dsrna; a simple soaking procedure which we have found to elicit profound knockdown of neuronal targets in globodera pallida j2s. we have established that this inhibitory phenomenon is ... | 2009 | 19482028 |