| n-linked oligosaccharides of human transferrin are not required for binding to bacterial transferrin receptors. | derivatives of human transferrin (htf) with removed or modified n-linked oligosaccharides were compared with native htf with respect to their binding to bacterial htf receptors from neisseria meningitidis, n. gonorrhoeae, and haemophilus influenzae. partially and fully deglycosylated htf were prepared by enzymatic deglycosylation with glycopeptidase f and isolated by concanavalin a-sepharose affinity chromatography. oligosaccharide-modified htf was prepared via mild periodate oxidation. competit ... | 1990 | 2117577 |
| biochemical characterization and worldwide distribution of serologically distinct lipopolysaccharides of haemophilus influenzae type b. | the sugar composition and the electrophoretic mobility in sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the various lipopolysaccharides (lps) from clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) were determined to correlate epidemiologic data with compositional data. rabbit sera specific in ouchterlony immunodiffusion for 10 different lps (lps 1-10) reacted with 647 or 690 hib strains isolated from patients with invasive disease in various continents. serotype 1 was predominant and was foun ... | 1990 | 2117626 |
| randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | patients with purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were randomized to receive either a single 400-mg daily dose of cefixime or 250 mg of cephalexin, orally, four times a day. patients were males with a mean age of 63 years. of the 86 patients, 71 (82%) had bronchitis caused by a single organism (29 by haemophilus influenzae, 27 by branhamella catarrhalis, 9 by gram-negative enteric organisms, 6 by streptococcus pneumoniae), while more than one pathogen was implicated in 15 patients (18%). ... | 1990 | 2118322 |
| ceftibuten--in-vitro activity against respiratory pathogens, beta-lactamase stability and mechanism of action. | the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten against respiratory pathogenic bacteria was studied and compared with that of other oral beta-lactam agents. ceftibuten displayed high activity against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. there was reduced activity against streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90 16 mg/l). the protein binding of ceftibuten was 77% and the primary target site pbp 3. a high degree of stability to beta-lactamase hydrolysis was observed. | 1990 | 2120175 |
| temafloxacin in acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | temafloxacin hydrochloride, a new fluoroquinolone, was given orally in doses of 300 or 600 mg twice daily for ten days to 36 patients, all hospitalized because of severe acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. sputum cultures before, during and after treatment showed that the infection was eliminated in 12/18 evaluable patients given 300 mg and in 13/16 receiving the 600 mg doses. haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae were effectively eliminated ... | 1990 | 2120178 |
| immunogenicity of a haemophilus influenzae polysaccharide-neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein complex conjugate vaccine. | polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines made with different carriers vary in their ability to elicit antipolysaccharide igg antibody responses in young infants and an adult mouse model, suggesting that the carrier proteins used in the conjugate vaccines differ in their ability to act as carriers, or that additional mechanisms of immunogenicity play a role. a conjugate vaccine of haemophilus influenzae prp coupled to the outer membrane protein complex (ompc) of neisseria meningitidis serogroup ... | 1990 | 2120344 |
| effect of low concentrations of clavulanic acid on the in-vitro activity of amoxycillin against beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. | concentrations of amoxycillin/clavulanic acid achievable in the respiratory tract following oral dosage were assessed for in-vitro activity against beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. in agar-dilution studies, 8 mg amoxycillin/l was required to inhibit 45 strains of beta-lactamase-producing b. catarrhalis, whereas all the strains were inhibited by 0.5 mg amoxycillin/l in the presence of 0.01 mg clavulanic acid/l. similarly, 0.1 mg amoxycillin p ... | 1990 | 2121699 |
| levels of rifampin and ciprofloxacin in nasal secretions: correlation with mic90 and eradication of nasopharyngeal carriage of bacteria. | to predict the efficacy of antibiotics in eliminating nasopharyngeal carriage of organisms such as neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), a novel approach for measuring drug concentrations in nasal secretions was developed. five healthy individuals received four doses of rifampin and then, at a later date, ciprofloxacin. at 2, 5, and 8 h after the last dose, serum, saliva, and cold-stimulated nasal secretion samples were collected, ... | 1990 | 2121836 |
| three-dose vaccination of infants under 8 months of age with a conjugate haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. | the first licensed haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccines were of a purified capsular oligosaccharide. unfortunately, oligosaccharides are poorly immunogenic in younger children and resulted in these vaccines not routinely being used until past the period of peak incidence of hib disease. subsequent hib vaccine research revealed that conjugating the oligosaccharide with various carrier proteins could produce vaccines with varying degree of improved immunogenicity. we investigated the antib ... | 1990 | 2122290 |
| changes in nasopharyngeal flora during otitis media of childhood. | the nasopharyngeal flora of healthy children were compared with flora in children with otitis media caused by nontypable haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. forty healthy children were followed prospectively and compared with 70 children with 43 episodes of nontypable h. influenzae, 21 episodes of s. pneumoniae and 28 episodes of m. catarrhalis otitis media. carriage of nontypable h. influenzae (95% vs. 65%, p less than 0.001), s. pneumoniae (91% vs. 52%, ... | 1990 | 2122410 |
| cytological and bacteriological aspects of secretory otitis media. | bacteriological and cytological examinations were performed on 105 middle ear secretions from 66 children with middle ear effusion (mee) of more than 3 months' duration. the secretions were searched for granulocytes and the activity of these cells was judged by their capacity for random locomotion and their ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium. the functional characteristics of the granulocytes were compared with the bacteriological findings on cultures from mee. bacteria commonly regarded as ... | 1990 | 2123111 |
| quantitative analysis of the bacterial findings in otitis media. | qualitative and quantitative bacterial analysis of 200 samples of middle ear effusions collected from patients with current otitis media was performed. when middle ear pathogens (s. pneumoniae, h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis) were found during current acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion infection, the quantity of these bacteria was of the magnitude 10(6)-10(8)/ml and 0-5 x 10(5)/ml effusion material, respectively. mucopurulent effusion material contained 6 x 10(5)-10(8) bacteria p ... | 1990 | 2123229 |
| brazilian purpuric fever--mato grosso, brazil. | brazilian purpuric fever (bpf) is a life-threatening pediatric infection that is preceded by conjunctivitis and caused by a specific strain of haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius (bpf clone). bpf was recognized during 1984 in the state of sao paulo, brazil, when 10 children in a town of 20,000 persons died of an acute febrile illness associated with purpura and vascular collapse. until december 1989, no cases of bpf had been reported outside of sao paulo and the neighboring state of parana ... | 1990 | 2123287 |
| lymphangiomatosis of skull manifesting with recurrent meningitis and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. | | 1990 | 2123326 |
| decline in haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis--seattle-king county, washington, 1984-1989. | the first vaccines licensed in the united states for prevention of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) disease were composed of the capsular polysaccharide of hib, polyribosylribitol phosphate (prp). the vaccines, licensed in 1985, were moderately effective in preventing hib disease in children aged 24-59 months. in december 1987, the first hib conjugate vaccine was licensed. the vaccine was recommended for use in children aged 18-59 months to prevent meningitis and other forms of invasive disea ... | 1990 | 2123516 |
| food and drug administration approval of use of a haemophilus b conjugate vaccine for infants. | | 1990 | 2123517 |
| [peritonsillar abscess in a child caused by ampicillin resistant haemophilus influenzae]. | an unusual case of peritonsillar abscess in a six year old boy is presented. the abscess was initially treated with penicillin without success and afterwards with ampicillin and tonsillectomy. cultivation of pus from the abscess revealed beta-lactamase producing haemophilus influenzae. the patient was finally successfully treated with sulfamethizole. | 1990 | 2124011 |
| monoclonal antibody-coated latex agglutination assay for identification of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. | three monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to lipopolysaccharide of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strain y4 (serotype b) and eight mabs to a serotype b-specific polysaccharide antigen of strain y4 were obtained. latex particles sensitized with an mab to the y4 lipopolysaccharide produced a positive agglutination with whole cells of all three serotypes of a. actinomycetemcomitans, but not with haemophilus aphrophilus, haemophilus paraphrophilus, haemophilus influenzae, porphyromonas (bacteroides) ... | 1990 | 2124492 |
| [pathogenesis of bacterial respiratory infection and new approach of the treatment]. | causative agents of respiratory infections has been changed because of increase in number of aged people and compromised host and the rapid development of new chemotherapeutic agents. especially branhamella catarrhalis (b. catarrhalis), which is very unique and has become a common respiratory pathogen, since 1980, in my department. attachment ability of b. catarrhalis to oropharyngeal cells coincided with the acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory infections by this bacterium and the same phe ... | 1990 | 2125670 |
| prevention of bacterial meningitis. vaccines and chemoprophylaxis. | the morbidity and mortality caused by bacterial meningitis remains significant despite advances in antimicrobial therapy and supportive care. prevention of meningitis by routine immunization of infants, who are at greatest risk, offers the only practical way of reducing the incidence of this disease. widespread use of the recently developed protein conjugate vaccines against haemophilus influenzae type b by itself could reduce the incidence of bacterial meningitis in the u.s. by more than half. ... | 1990 | 2126022 |
| human adenoidal organ culture: a model to study nontypable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and other bacterial interactions with nasopharyngeal mucosa--implications in otitis media. | nontypable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) has become the predominant cause of both acute suppurative otitis media and chronic otitis media with effusion. it has now been well-demonstrated that both outer membrane proteins and restriction fragment analysis of the bacterial genomes of concomitant nasopharyngeal and middle ear effusion isolates of nthi are identical. it is therefore of critical importance to understand the mechanisms whereby bacteria that are present in normal healthy children in sm ... | 1990 | 2126101 |
| bruised cheek syndrome: haemophilus influenzae, type b, cellulitis. | | 1990 | 2126109 |
| [antigen detection for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis using the latex agglutination test]. | in this study, etiologic agents were investigated by using routine and latex agglutination test (la) methods, in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples taken from 31 patients who were admitted to various clinics of ankara numune hospital with suspected meningitis. in the culture tests of 31 purulent csf samples, 6 positive (19.4%) and 25 negative results were obtained. in 13 cases (41.9%) etiologic agents were observed by means of the gram-stained smear of the csf sediments. la test was applied t ... | 1990 | 2126593 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of faeriefungin, a new broad-spectrum polyene macrolide antibiotic. | the in vitro activity of faeriefungin, a new pentaene macrolide lactone antibiotic produced by streptomyces griseus var. autotrophicus, against 263 clinical bacterial isolates was examined. in contrast to the related fungicidal antibiotics nystatin and amphotericin b, which show no activity against bacteria, faeriefungin showed bactericidal activity against all species of gram-positive bacteria examined. mics for these species ranged from 8 to 64 micrograms/ml, and the mic for 90% of the isolate ... | 1990 | 2126689 |
| in vitro activity of dirithromycin (ly 237216) compared with activities of other macrolide antibiotics. | dirithromycin inhibited streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, and other hemolytic streptococci at concentrations of less than or equal to 0.03 to 0.12 micrograms/ml, with 90% inhibition at 0.12 micrograms/ml, which is comparable to results using erythromycin. group a streptococci, listeriae, and enterococci resistant to erythromycin were resistant to dirithromycin. erythromycin-susceptible staphylococci were inhibited by 0.5 micrograms/ml, but for erythromycin-resistant isolates mics ... | 1990 | 2126695 |
| in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new oral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of bay v 3522 was compared with the activities of cephalexin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefixime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate. mics (in micrograms/ml) of bay v 3522 were as follows: staphylococcus spp. (except for oxacillin-resistant strains), 0.13 to 1; streptococcus spp. (except for some viridans group streptococci), less than or equal to 0.015 to 0.25; enterococcus faecalis, 2 to 8; other enterococci, 0.5 to greater than 32; beta-lactamase-negative haemophilus influenzae and ... | 1990 | 2126697 |
| comparative in vitro activity of a new quinolone, fleroxacin, against respiratory pathogens from patients with cystic fibrosis. | we evaluated fleroxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, against isolates from sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis. these isolates included rough and mucoid pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, and escherichia coli. selected isolates were tested by the broth microdilution method to examine the influence of various phs, inoculum sizes, and biological fluids (serum or sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis). fleroxacin mics for 50 and 90% of ... | 1990 | 2127170 |
| in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime against pathogens responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections. | the in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime, the active compound of the ester prodrug, cefpodoxime proxetil, was compared with that of other antibiotics. the susceptibility of bacterial isolates from patients with respiratory tract infections was determined by an agar dilution method. the mic90s of cefpodozime for ampicillin-sensitive and beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae were 0.12 and 0.25 mg/l, respectively; the mic90s for ampicillin-resistant non-beta-lactamase-producing str ... | 1990 | 2127267 |
| antimicrobial resistance among respiratory isolates of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae in the united states. | a national surveillance study was conducted to determine trends in antimicrobial resistance patterns among three common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. fifteen participating u.s. medical centers submitted clinically significant isolates of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae to two central laboratories for testing with a group of 12 antimicrobial agents. the majority of isolates were recovered from adult males great ... | 1990 | 2127342 |
| comparative in vitro activities of sparfloxacin (ci-978; at-4140) and other antimicrobial agents against staphylococci, enterococci, and respiratory tract pathogens. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (ci-978; at-4140) was compared with those of other antimicrobial agents against isolates of staphylococci, enterococci, and various respiratory tract pathogens. sparfloxacin was the most active drug tested against staphylococci (mic for 90% of the strains tested [mic90], 0.125 micrograms/ml) and enterococci (mic90, 1.0 microgram/ml). it was also active against haemophilus influenzae (mic90, less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml), moraxella (branhamella) ca ... | 1990 | 2127351 |
| in-vitro activity of cefodizime against respiratory pathogens. | the in-vitro activity of cefodizime was studied against respiratory pathogens and was compared with the activity of other beta-lactams, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. cefodizime displayed high activity against haemophilus influenzae (mic90 0.008 mg/l), branhamella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90 0.5 mg/l). klebsiella spp. were less susceptible (mic90 2 mg/l). it was concluded that cefodizime should be a useful agent in the therapy of respiratory tract infections. | 1990 | 2127417 |
| structural models for the cell surface lipooligosaccharides of neisseria gonorrhoeae and haemophilus influenzae. | a structural model is proposed for the surface glycolipids, or lipooligosaccharides (los), of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria that colonize human mucosae, e.g. neisseria gonorrhoeae and haemophilus influenzae. the development of this model has involved analysis of a series of pyocin-resistant mutants with altered los and other recent immunochemical and structural data. a comprehensive approach to determining the necessary structural data has been constructed that utilizes liquid secondary ion ... | 1990 | 2127548 |
| in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new oral cephalosporin tested against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | the in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin, was assessed against 150 clinical isolates each of haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. the mic90s for beta-lactamase-positive and -negative strains of h. influenzae were 8 and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. for beta-lactamase-positive and -negative strains of b. catarrhalis, the bay v 3522 mic90s were 4 and 0.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. in general, bay v 3522 was less active against h. influenzae than a ... | 1990 | 2127558 |
| ear discharge after insertion of transmyringeal tubes. | the peroperative bacteriology and cytology of the middle ear have been studied in 103 ears in 65 children operated on due to longstanding secretory otitis media. within one month postoperatively, 12 ears (12%) showed signs of infection with discharge from the tube. ten out of these 12 ears showed peroperative growth of hemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, pneumococci or staphylococci in the middle ear effusions, a significant difference compared to ears without postoperative discharge ... | 1990 | 2128487 |
| therapeutic intervention of clinical sepsis with intravenous immunoglobulin, white blood cells and antibiotics. | antibiotics are the mainstay of therapy for acute bacterial infections. however, recent studies have suggested that adjunctive therapy designed to augment host immunity, might reduce morbidity and mortality. many bacterial pathogens such as haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and group b streptococcus are encapsulated and require opsonic antibody to promote efficient phagocytosis and killing by neutrophils. children with bacterial sepsis may be deficient in both of these components ... | 1990 | 2128662 |
| antibiotic resistance in europe and the current use of antibiotics in severe pediatric infections. | the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among bacteria responsible for severe infections in childhood is increasing. in h. influenzae, clinically relevant resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol is caused by plasmid mediated enzymatic drug inactivation whereas penicillin resistant pneumococci emerge as the result of alterations in their penicillin binding proteins. in n. meningitidis both mechanisms have recently been implicated in penicillin resistance. although antibiotic resistant h. inf ... | 1990 | 2128663 |
| counter immuno electrophoresis for the early diagnosis of acute pyogenic meningitis. | a total of 123 cases of acute pyogenic meningitis were studied to investigate whether counter current immunoelectrophoresis (ciep) would facilitate rapid etiological diagnosis when used with other routine methods in a clinical bacteriology laboratory. of the 123 cases, 53 (43.08 percent) were culture positive. streptococcus pneumoniae was the commonest etiological agent accounting for 30 (56.6 percent) of the isolates. there were four isolates of haemophilus influenzae and one of neisseria menin ... | 1990 | 2128699 |
| genetic mechanisms for modulating virulence determinants on the bacterial surface. | many pathogenic bacteria gain considerable advantage in being able to vary the nature of their surfaces. this means that the stimulus presented to the immune systems of their animal or human hosts is varied. consequently such pathogens can evade certain host defences and either prolong the course of disease or ensure that repeated infections are possible because the host does not develop lasting immunity. in recent years evidence has been accumulating for a complex variety of genetic mechanisms ... | 1990 | 2129363 |
| biological properties of hybrid plasminogen activators. | a number of hybrid plasminogen activator genes were constructed from the t-pa and u-pa cdnas and expressed using a bovine papilloma virus vector and mouse c-127 cells. hybrid a was constructed by replacing the finger (f) and egf domains of t-pa with the egf and ku domains of u-pa, while hybrids b and c had an extra ku inserted before or after the double kringle (k1-k2) region of t-pa respectively. while all the hybrids showed comparable enzymatic activities towards a small substrate (s-2288), th ... | 1990 | 2129369 |
| the molecular evolution of bacterial alkaline phosphatase: correlating variation among enteric bacteria to experimental manipulations of the protein. | the phylogenetic distribution of the gene coding for bacterial alkaline phosphatase (phoa) was examined in nine species of enteric bacteria closely related to escherichia coli. the nucleotide and protein sequences from the e. fergusonii and serratia marcescens genes are presented. the spatial distribution of replaced amino acid residues in the aligned sequences is shown to be highly nonrandom and can be correlated with specific regions within the tertiary structure of the protein. there is an av ... | 1990 | 2129542 |
| antibacterial activity of combined cefotaxime and desacetyl-cefotaxime against aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. | synergy between cefotaxime and desacetyl-cefotaxime was evaluated against 12 strains (9 enterobacteriaceae and 3 bacteroides fragilis) by the chequerboard technique. a 1:1 combination of cefotaxime and desacetyl-cefotaxime was synergistic against two-thirds of the 12 strains tested. the in vitro activity of the combination was compared with that of four other beta-lactam antibiotics against 96 recent clinical isolates: 78 enterobacteriaceae, 8 haemophilus influenzae, 10 b. fragilis. the mics of ... | 1990 | 2130005 |
| local cellular host response induced by nocardia-delipidated cell mitogen in lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice. | various nocardial fractions have been shown to exert inhibitory effects against several experimental tumors, via a host response mechanism. with the aim of obtaining further information on the mechanism of action of these immunomodulators, we examined in the present study the local cellular host response induced by intratumoral administration of one of these fractions, the nocardia-delipidated cell mitogen (ndcm), at the site of the tumor (lewis lung carcinoma-3ll). the tumor itself was found to ... | 1990 | 2133103 |
| posttraumatic meningitis in adolescents and children. | to define the clinical features of posttraumatic meningitis in the pediatric age group, we have reviewed 7 cases presenting to children's hospital-san diego between 1981 and february 1988. ages ranged from 3 to 16 years with 4 of the 7 patients being adolescents (greater than 13 years of age). these 4 adolescents accounted for 25% of the adolescent bacterial meningitis and all cases of nonmeningococcal meningitis in this age group. six of 7 patients had positive cerebrospinal fluid (csf) culture ... | 1990 | 2133404 |
| reversible in vitro decrease of l-tyrosine and l-tryptophan influx across the human erythrocyte membrane induced by cytochalasin b, the specific inhibitor of d-glucose transport. | for many years, we have been studying, in psychiatric conditions, the influx of tyrosine (tyr) and tryptophan (trp), the two amino acid precursors of monoamines, across the membrane of human blood cells. we have also attempted to characterize better the transport mechanisms. in a previous paper, we suggested a close relationship between glucose and the two neuter amino acid transports in vitro. the purpose of the present study is to test the effect of cytochalasin b, the specific and potent inhi ... | 1990 | 2134113 |
| reduced subendocardial coronary reserve. a potential mechanism for impaired diastolic function in the hypertrophied and failing heart. | the association between pressure overload, left ventricular (lv) hypertrophy and failure, and abnormalities in diastolic function has been described both clinically and experimentally. the mechanisms underlying this association, however, are complex and controversial. factors that have been implicated include mechanical alterations due to hypertrophy alone, changes in collagen type and content, alterations in beta-adrenergic responsiveness, and chronic myocardial ischemia. studies in our laborat ... | 1990 | 2137053 |
| capsulation in distantly related strains of haemophilus influenzae type b: genetic drift and gene transfer at the capsulation locus. | among natural populations of capsulate haemophilus influenzae, clones of strains with type b capsular polysaccharide are found in each of two widely separated phylogenetic divisions. the chromosomal capsulation locus found in strains from either division has a three-segment organization, with serotype-specific dna nested between elements common to all serotypes, but pairwise comparison of the segments between the divisions suggests that they have distinct phylogenetic histories. genes clustered ... | 1990 | 2137816 |
| chemical modification of erythromycins. iii. in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of new semisynthetic 6-o-methylerythromycins a, te-031 (clarithromycin) and te-032. | the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of 6-o-methylerythromycin a (te-031, a-56268, or clarithromycin) and 6,11-di-o-methylerythromycin a (te-032) have been compared with those of erythromycin a (em) and josamycin (jm). te-031 and te-032, having the same antibacterial spectra as em, are active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria, some gram-negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, l-form bacteria and mycoplasma pneumoniae. the activity of te-031 against clinical isolates is equal to ... | 1990 | 2139023 |
| [clinical and immunologic test of the activity of a polymicrobial vaccine in patients with chronic bronchitis during a flare-up]. | the authors evaluated the effect of an orally administered polymicrobial vaccine in a group of chronic bronchitis patients in order to assess its efficacy in preventing recurrent infections and as adjuvants during minor acute episodes. compared to the control group, vaccinated patients had 1) a reduced number of flare-ups, and these were less severe and symptoms were improved; ii) lymphocyte phenotype was not altered in any of the patients but nevertheless the response to skin tests for delayed ... | 1990 | 2139835 |
| clinical efficacy and tolerance of two new macrolides, clarithromycin and josamycin, in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the efficacy and safety of oral 500 mg clarithromycin given twice daily and 500 mg josamycin given three times daily were compared for up to 14 days in the treatment of 103 out-patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in an open, randomized study. the predominant pathogens isolated were streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and staphylococcus aureus. clinical cures were experienced by 85% of the clarithromycin-treated patients, with an additional 10% showing improvement ... | 1990 | 2140331 |
| in-vitro activities of trospectomycin, cefpodoxime, and second-generation cephalosporins against haemophilus influenzae type b. | the in-vitro activities of trospectomycin, cefpodoxime, cefamandole, cefonicid, and cefuroxime against beta-lactamase-negative and -positive invasive clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae type b were determined by the agar dilution method. trospectomycin and cefpodoxime inhibited 90% of the strains at concentrations of 5 and 0.06 mg/l, respectively, and no differences between the susceptibilities of the beta-lactamase-negative and -positive strains were noted. the activity of cefpodoxime w ... | 1990 | 2141018 |
| in vitro activity of tosufloxacin (a-60969) and clarithromycin (a-56268, te-031) against resistant haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis isolates. | the activity of tosufloxacin (a-60969), a new oral quinolone, and clarithromycin (a-56268, te-031), a new oral macrolide, was compared in vitro to that of other oral quinolones and beta-lactam antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of ampicillin and/or chloramphenicol resistant haemophilus influenzae, penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and beta-lactamase producing branhamella catarrhalis. results were compared to those for sensitive isolates. tosufloxacin was the most active c ... | 1990 | 2142647 |
| retinoblastoma growth suppressor and a 300-kda protein appear to regulate cellular dna synthesis. | previous work has suggested that oncogenic transformation by the e1a gene products of adenovirus type 5 may be mediated through interactions with at least two cellular proteins, the 105-kda product of the retinoblastoma growth suppressor gene (p105-rb) and a 300-kda protein (p300). by using viral mutants, we now show that the induction of cellular dna synthesis in quiescent cells by e1a differs from transformation in that e1a products induce synthesis if they are able to bind to either p105-rb o ... | 1990 | 2143024 |
| siderophore-independent acquisition of transferrin-bound iron by haemophilus influenzae type b. | the specificity by which haemophilus species acquired iron from transferrin (tf) was investigated. in a plate bioassay h. influenzae used iron bound to human, bovine and rabbit tfs but not mouse, rat, dog, horse, guinea-pig, pig or ovo- tfs or human and bovine lactoferrins. in contrast, h. pleuropneumoniae used iron only from pig tf whilst h. parainfluenzae was unable to utilize iron bound to any of the human or animal tfs tested. the inhibition of growth imposed on h. influenzae type b strain e ... | 1990 | 2143216 |
| identification of a 66 kda protein associated with yeast mitochondrial atp synthase as heat shock protein hsp60. | a 66 kda protein, denoted p66, not hitherto classified as an integral component of yeast mitochondrial atpase, is often observed in preparations of this enzyme complex. a physical association exists between p66 and the assembled atpase complex since both components are coimmunoprecipitated by anti-f1 beta monoclonal antibody. two recombinant clones expressing proteins immunologically similar to p66 were isolated from a yeast genomic library in lambda gt11 by screening with a polyclonal anti-holo ... | 1990 | 2143485 |
| enhancement of the in vitro and in vivo activities of clarithromycin against haemophilus influenzae by 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin, its major metabolite in humans. | mics of clarithromycin and its major human metabolite, 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin, for haemophilus influenzae in combination were reduced two- to fourfold compared with the mics of each compound alone. serum reduced the mics of the parent compound and metabolite two- to fourfold compared with the mics in medium without serum. in serum spiked with clinically relevant concentrations of clarithromycin and 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin at a fixed ratio of 4:1, 15 of 16 strains (94%) were inhibited and ki ... | 1990 | 2143642 |
| environmental mutagenesis and related research in developing countries. | | 1990 | 2144048 |
| rat hindlimb unloading: soleus histochemistry, ultrastructure, and electromyography. | soleus muscle atrophy was induced by hindlimb unloading of male sprague-dawley rats (305 +/- 15 g) for 4, 7, and 10-14 days. controls (291 +/- 14 g) were housed in vivarium cages. soleus electromyogram (emg) activity was recorded before and during tail suspension. unloading caused progressive reduction in the muscle-to-body weight ratio. after 14 days, type i and iia fibers decreased in area 63 and 47%, respectively. subsarcolemmal mitochondria and myofibrils were degraded more rapidly than inte ... | 1990 | 2144272 |
| in vitro evaluation of nicotinamide riboside analogs against haemophilus influenzae. | exogenous nad, nicotinamide mononucleotide, or nicotinamide riboside is required for the growth of haemophilus influenzae. these compounds have been defined as the v-factor growth requirement. we have previously shown that the internalization of nicotinamide riboside is energy dependent and carrier mediated with saturation kinetics. thionicotinamide riboside, 3-pyridinealdehyde riboside, 3-acetylpyridine riboside, and 3-aminopyridine riboside were prepared from their corresponding nad analogs. t ... | 1990 | 2145800 |
| preparation and characterization of anti-paroxetine antibodies. | 6-nitroparoxetine was synthesized and reduced to 6-aminoparoxetine. after coupling to glutaraldehyde at the 6-position and to bovine serum albumin, the resulting schiff's base was further reduced into an amino-derivative which served as the antigen. anti-paroxetine antibodies were raised against this antigen in rabbits and the anti-paroxetine igg purified by protein a affinity chromatography. the anti-paroxetine igg demonstrated high specificity towards paroxetine and 6-nitroparoxetine without s ... | 1990 | 2147049 |
| comparative study on the macrolides erythromycin and clarithromycin: antibacterial activity and influence on immune responses. | the in vitro activity of erythromycin and clarithromycin (a new macrolide antibiotic) on clinical bacterial isolates as well as their effects on the cellular and humoral immune responses in balb/c-mice and on human granulocytes/monocytes was investigated. treatment of balb/c-mice for 7 days with these drugs did not influence the delayed type hypersensitivity to oxazolone nor the production of igg and igm immunoglobulins. in vitro, exposure of granulocytes to erythromycin resulted in increased ph ... | 1990 | 2147373 |
| utilization of enterobactin and other exogenous iron sources by haemophilus influenzae, h. parainfluenzae and h. paraphrophilus. | the ability of haemophilus influenzae, h. parainfluenzae and h. paraphrophilus to utilize iron complexes, iron-proteins and exogenous microbial siderophores was evaluated. in a plate bioassay, all three species used not only ferric nitrate but also the iron chelates ferric citrate, ferric nitrilotriacetate and ferric 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate. each haemophilus species examined also used haemin, haemoglobin and haem-albumin as iron sources although only h. influenzae could acquire iron from transferr ... | 1990 | 2150414 |
| a sensitive bioassay for detection of dietary estrogens in animal feeds. | estrogen-responsive proliferation in the mcf-7 cell line was used as a bioassay for detection of dietary estrogens. the bioassay procedure was adapted to screen for estrogenic activity in feedstuffs that have been associated with hyperestrogenism in livestock. methanolic feed extracts were added to the cell culture medium at microliter/ml concentrations for 4 days, after which the cell proliferation response was measured as dna content. the half-maximal response for estradiol occurred at 2 pm, o ... | 1990 | 2151311 |
| hypocholesterolemic effect of phototrophic bacterial cells in rats. | the effect of diets containing the cells of a phototrophic bacteria (ptb). rhodopseudomonas capsulata, on lipid metabolism was examined in the serum and liver of rats. three groups of rats, 5 animals per group, were fed either a diet containing 0.2 or 2.0% ptb cells or a casein-based control diet. each diet contained 1% cholesterol (chol). while serum glucose levels were not significantly different between the control and the ptb groups, total chol and triacylglycerol (tg) in the serum were sign ... | 1990 | 2151451 |
| [mechanisms of compensatory hypertrophy of the kidney]. | the paper presents the actual state of knowledge on compensatory renal growth. the following problems are discussed: 1) hemodynamical, biochemical and morphological alternations in different models compensatory renal growth, 2) mechanisms of induction and modification kidney growth, 3) hormonal control of kidney growth. | 1990 | 2151468 |
| epidemiology of haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in israel, 1981-90. | in the western world, haemophilus influenzae type b is an important cause of morbidity and long-term disability in children. the availability of vaccines capable of preventing h. influenzae type b disease in very young infants stimulated this longitudinal observational review of the epidemiology of h. influenzae type b meningitis in israel, based on cases reported to the ministry of health in the decade 1981-90. | 1990 | 2152153 |
| [haemophilus influenzae carriers among child care personnel: its prevalence and the efficacy of enoxacin in its elimination]. | in a previous study we observed that 6% of adult and 18% of children contacts of h. influenzae infected patients became carriers of the bacillus. we studied 1296 adults involved in children care, 398 from day care centers and 898 from hospitals in santiago. a pharyngeal sample was cultured in chocolate agar plus bacitracin (300 mg/ml) and incubated at 37 degrees c in a 5-10% co2 atmosphere for 18-24 h. isolates of h influenzae were biotypified and serogrouped according to international recommend ... | 1990 | 2152713 |
| comparative in-vitro activity of azithromycin and erythromycin against gram-positive cocci, haemophilus influenzae and anaerobes. | the in-vitro activities of azithromycin and erythromycin were compared against 689 clinical isolates, including gram-positive cocci, haemophilus influenzae, and anaerobes. of the 100 methicillin-susceptible isolates of staphylococcus aureus tested, 77% were susceptible to 1 mg/l azithromycin and 0.5 mg/l erythromycin, whereas 22% were resistant to 32 mg/l of both compounds. all methicillin-resistant s. aureus isolates were highly resistant to both macrolides (mic greater than 64 mg/l). coagulase ... | 1990 | 2154433 |
| bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of azithromycin against haemophilus influenzae. | macrolide antibiotics, commonly used in upper and lower respiratory tract infections, are inconsistently active against haemophilus influenzae. the new azalide, azithromycin, was compared with erythromycin and roxithromycin against this pathogen. azithromycin (mic range 0.06-1 mg/l) was four to eight times more potent than erythromycin (mic range 0.5-8 mg/l) and roxithromycin (mic range 0.5-16 mg/l). at 1 mg/l, 100% of the strains of h. influenzae were inhibited by azithromycin compared with 16% ... | 1990 | 2154434 |
| relationship of high tissue concentrations of azithromycin to bactericidal activity and efficacy in vivo. | measurement of killing kinetics of azithromycin against strains of streptococcus pneumoniae and klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro showed that it had a limited bactericidal activity (greater than 90% kill) for the first eight hours of incubation, but developed complete bactericidal activity (greater than 99.9% kill) by 24 h incubation. since high and sustained tissue levels of azithromycin occur in animals and humans, it was proposed that it might produce a bactericidal effect in vivo. this was demo ... | 1990 | 2154442 |
| identification and characterization of human endothelial cell membrane binding sites for tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase. | cultured human endothelial cells synthesize and secrete two types of plasminogen activator, tissue plasminogen activator (t-pa) and urokinase (u-pa). previous work from this laboratory (hajjar, k.a., hamel, n. m., harpel, p. c., and nachman, r. l. (1987) j. clin. invest. 80, 1712-1719) has demonstrated dose-dependent, saturable, and high affinity binding of t-pa to two sites associated with cultural endothelial cell monolayers. we now report that an isolated plasma membrane-enriched endothelial ... | 1990 | 2154465 |
| parainfluenza type 3 meningitis. report of two cases and review of the literature. | the authors present two immunocompetent children with parainfluenza type 3 meningitis. in each case, the outcome was favorable without detectable complications. the authors reviewed the literature, showing that central nervous system (cns) involvement by parainfluenza viruses has rarely been described but may present with a variety of neurologic syndromes. pediatricians and laboratory personnel should recognize that these viruses, commonly known to produce respiratory syndromes, can also be a ca ... | 1990 | 2155085 |
| [first results of bacteriologic study of strains of haemophilus influenzae isolated from meningitis in the abidjan university hospital center (ivory coast)]. | biovars and serovars of 132 haemophilus influenzae isolated from cerebro-spinal fluid (csf) in treichville hospital during a period of october 1986 to july 1988 were studied. usual distribution was not found: biovar iv was first met (49.2%) followed by biovars i (28.8%), iii (14.4%), ii (6.1%) and v (1.5%). strains belong to serovar b in 88% of cases. | 1990 | 2155392 |
| it's 'north to alaska' for research on some vaccines by infectious diseases staff. | | 1990 | 2158578 |
| role of protonated and neutral forms of macrolides in binding to ribosomes from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | erythromycin binds to a single site on the bacterial 50s ribosomal subunit and perturbs protein synthesis. however, erythromycin contains desosamine and thus exists in both protonated (greater than 96%) and neutral (less than 4%) forms at physiological ph because of the pka of the dimethylamino group. we therefore examined the relative roles of both forms in binding to ribosomes isolated from two species each of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. we developed a system to directly measure ... | 1990 | 2159256 |
| [lesions of the nervous system in haemophilus influenzae infection in adults]. | the authors depict 13 cases of cns injuries in the form of meningities, meningoencephalitis and encephalitis in adults, provoked by haemophilus influenzae. provide the clinical, laboratory and instrumental data obtained during examination of the patients in the acute disease stage and during follow-up studies lasting up to 5 years. rare strains of haemophilus influenzae, serotypes "c" and "d", were detected in the csf. concomitant virus infection was confirmed in seven patients. it is desirable ... | 1990 | 2160180 |
| the in-vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and imipenem against multiple resistant gram-negative bacteria. | one hundred and fifty gram-negative bacterial strains including respiratory pathogens, such as haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis, and enterobacteriaceae with known resistance to beta-lactam and other antibiotics were tested in vitro for sensitivity to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam (ratio 8:1), ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. a 16-fold or greater reduction in the mic90 of piperacillin was achieved by the addition of tazobactam, in the respiratory pathogens, thus ... | 1990 | 2164513 |
| bacterial involvement in parainfluenza virus infection in children. | 37 children with serologically confirmed parainfluenza virus (pv) infection were studied by new serological methods for evidence of concomitant bacterial infection. 24 of the children were hospitalized because of croup and 13 because of lower respiratory tract infection. serological evidence of bacterial involvement was found in 4 (11%) of the 37 children, in none of the 24 children with croup but in 31% of the 13 children with pv infection of the lower airways (p less than 0.05). streptococcus ... | 1990 | 2164707 |
| studies of nad kinase and nmn:atp adenylyltransferase in haemophilus influenzae. | previous studies of haemophilus influenzae documented the importance of several pyridine nucleotide-dependent enzymes in processing extracellular nad and nmn to satisfy the v-factor growth requirement of the organism. the substrate specificities of two of these enzymes. nmn:atp adenylyltransferase and nad kinase, were investigated following partial purification. the ability of the transferase to utilize 3-acetylpyridine mononucleotide and 3-aminopyridine mononucleotide as substrates for the synt ... | 1990 | 2167921 |
| analysis of the actions of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the rabbit isolated vagus nerve. | depolarization and reduction in the c fibre compound action potential (c spike) in response to 5-ht were recorded simultaneously from rabbit isolated vagus nerve. 5-ht (0.1-100 mumol/l) was applied either as single concentrations or cumulatively and ec50 and ic50 values measured from individual concentration-response curves. the ec50 values for depolarization (cumulative curves: 2.33, 1.64-3.33 mumol/l, geometric means and 95% confidence limits, n = 31; non-cumulative curves: 3.99, 2.89-5.52 mum ... | 1990 | 2168020 |
| intracellular organization of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna assayed by staphylococcal nuclease sensitivity. | the nucleoprotein organization of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna during productive infection was analyzed using staphylococcal nuclease. both prior to and during the genome replication phase of infection, digestion of nuclei revealed two readily discernible forms of viral dna, resistant and sensitive. the identity of these forms was established by the use of a variety of assays, including velocity sedimentation, nucleic acid hybridization and restriction endonuclease digestion and by em ... | 1990 | 2168112 |
| dnasei hypersensitive sites at the 3' end of the human apolipoprotein b gene. | the chromatin structure of the 3' end of the human apolipoprotein b gene has been examined. two dnasei hypersensitive sites were present in nuclei from liver-derived hepg2 cells and intestine-derived caco-2 cells, in which the apo-b gene is transcriptionally active, but were absent from hela cells, where the gene is not expressed, and from free dna. the region in a segment enriched in recognition sites for topoisomerase ii and known to participate in anchoring the 3' end of the gene to the nucle ... | 1990 | 2168168 |
| effect of naf on type-1 phosphatase aggregation. | in muscle cytosolic and glycogen fractions prepared in the presence of 50 mm naf phosphorylase phosphatase was a approximately 70 kda complex instead of the 250 kda or higher seen in the absence of naf. a approximately 70 kda complex was also formed when purified 37 kda phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit (but not its 33 kda tryptic fragment) was exposed to naf. treating this latter complex with a cross-linker led to disappearance of the 37 kda protein and formation of a approximately 66 kda band (d ... | 1990 | 2168178 |
| effect on carbon lengthening at the side chain terminal of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 for calcium regulating activity. | a series of analogs of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 [1,25-(oh)2d3 (1)] with alkyl substitutions in 26- and 27-positions have been tested for their activity 1) in competing with 1,25-(oh)2d3 for binding to chick intestinal cytosol receptor, 2) in ability for formation of multinucleated cells (mnc) with various osteoclastic cell characteristics from blast cells, and 3) in stimulating bone calcium mobilization in vitamin d-deficient rats. the relative potencies of 1,25-(oh)2d3, 1 alpha,25-dihydro ... | 1990 | 2168297 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. spin amplification and staining with a monoclonal antibody to the early nuclear antigen for diagnosis of cytomegalovirus pneumonia. | to diagnose cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a hetergeneous population of patients, three methods for detection of cmv in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were compared as follow: (1) spin amplification followed by staining with a monoclonal antibody to the early nuclear antigen (ea-assay); (2) conventional tissue cell culture; and (3) cytology. cell differentials were performed on most specimens. cytomegalovirus was detected by one or more method in 55 bal specimens from 39 patients. cytomegaloviru ... | 1990 | 2168309 |
| interdependence of calcium and cobalamin binding by wild-type and mutant btub protein in the outer membrane of escherichia coli. | the binding of calcium and cobalamin to outer membranes from cells of escherichia coli that contained amplified levels of wild-type or mutant btub was studied. the mutant (bbam50) had an aspartyl-prolyl dipeptide inserted after the original 50th amino acid residue of the mature btub protein, which is within a region that shows extensive homology with the ferric siderophore receptors. this insertion resulted in cleavage of the btub in two places. the larger form retained the insertion but had los ... | 1990 | 2168369 |
| antithyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in thyroid diseases. | thyroid microsomal antibodies (anti-m ab) have been recently proven to be directed to thyroid peroxidase (tpo). methods to detect anti-tpo antibodies (anti-tpo ab) employing purified antigen have been developed, but the available information on the clinical usefulness of this technique is still limited to small patient series. in the present investigation anti-tpo ab were assayed by a newly developed monoclonal antibody-assisted ria in a large number (n = 715) of subjects, including 119 normal c ... | 1990 | 2168432 |
| regulation of human monocyte/macrophage function by extracellular matrix. adherence of monocytes to collagen matrices enhances phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria by activation of complement receptors and enhancement of fc receptor function. | in inflammation monocytes emigrate from the peripheral circulation into an extravascular area rich in extracellular matrix proteins. in this milieu, phagocytes ingest and kill invading pathogens. in the present studies, we found that monocytes adhered to type i collagen gels phagocytized 2.5-12-fold more opsonized escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, and streptococcus pneumoniae than plastic-adherent monocytes. the rate of phagocytosis and the number of bacteria inges ... | 1990 | 2168442 |
| beta adrenergic binding sites in the human eye: an autoradiographic study. | beta adrenergic binding sites were localized and characterized in the human eye by means of "in vitro" autoradiography, using [125i] (-) iodocyanopindolol (125icyp) as radioligand. binding sites were visualized by apposition of isotope sensitive film to slide mounted eye sections. receptor sites were present in the extraocular muscles, in the conjunctiva, in the epithelium and endothelium of the cornea, in the trabeculum and in the ciliary muscle. they were also present in the lens epithelium an ... | 1990 | 2168462 |
| diabetes-related changes in brain beta adrenoreceptors in rats as assessed by quantitative autoradiography: relationship to hypothalamic norepinephrine metabolism and pituitary-gonadal hormone secretion. | streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetes produced significant and selective alterations in brain beta adrenoreceptor subtypes, norepinephrine (ne) metabolism and pituitary-testicular hormone in male rats. the densities of beta-1 but not beta-2 adrenoreceptors were increased in hypothalamus (anterior and lateral nuclei), thalamus (ventral posterior nucleus) and amygdala (basolateral nucleus) of the stz diabetic rats. in contrast, a decrease in the rate of metabolism of ne (estimated by the concentra ... | 1990 | 2168485 |
| [the effect of obzidan, finoptin and ca2+ on the camp level during contraction-relaxation of isolated heart of guinea pigs activated with isadrin]. | the beta-adrenoceptor blockade, slow inward calcium current blockade and calcium concentration decrease in perfusion solution were studied for their effect on camp oscillations during cardiac cycle in the isadrin-activated isolated heart of guinea pig. isadrin activation (3 x 10(-8) m) of beta-adrenoceptors caused an increase of the camp concentration by 50% during the contraction. all the actions decreased an average level of cyclonucleotide in the myocardium as compared with isadrin and what i ... | 1990 | 2168594 |
| hydrallantois in cows. | | 1990 | 2168601 |
| comparative study of chemical modifiers for the determination of molybdenum in milk by electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry. | a comparative study of various chemical modifiers for the determination of molybdenum in milk by electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry was carried out. methods with nitric acid or barium difluoride as the chemical modifier and in the absence of a chemical modifier were studied by introducing the milk samples directly into the graphite furnace with octyl alcohol. the graphite furnace programme, amount of modifier and the calibration and additions graphs were studied in all ins ... | 1990 | 2168685 |
| activity of (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc) against guinea pig cytomegalovirus infection in cultured cells and in guinea pigs. | (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine, hpmpc, and two hpmpc-related nucleoside analogs, (s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine, hpmpa, and (2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine, pmeg, were evaluated for their antiviral activities against guinea pig cytomegalovirus (gpcmv) infection in guinea pig embryo (gpe) cells and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection in human diploid fibroblast (mrc-5) cells. dhpg, 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine, was used for comparison. the ... | 1990 | 2168690 |
| phosphonylmethyl ethers of acyclic nucleoside analogues: inhibitors of hsv-1 induced ribonucleotide reductase. | diphosphates of n-(s)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl) and n-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) derivatives of purine and pyrimidine heterocyclic bases inhibit hsv-1 encoded ribonucleotide reductase. of the compounds studied, the most efficient inhibitors of cdp reduction (at 5.1 mumols.l-1) by the hsv-1-encoded enzyme are hpmpapp (ic50 = 0.9 mumols.l-1) and pmeapp (ic50 = 8 mumol.l-1). pmeapp does not inhibit the enzyme isolated from the mutant hsv-1 kos strain pmear which is resistant to pmea at ... | 1990 | 2168691 |
| effect of glucocorticoids on alpha 1-adrenergic receptor binding in rat vascular smooth muscle. | glucocorticoids are known to have marked effects on blood pressure regulation, predominantly through altering cardiovascular sensitivity to noradrenaline. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this action remain unclear. as part of our studies into these we have measured alpha 1-adrenergic receptor binding using the ligand [3h]prazosin in plasma membrane fractions of aortas prepared from control, adrenalectomized and dexamethasone-treated adrenalectomized rats. in controls there were 50 + ... | 1990 | 2168709 |
| effect of particle size and temperature on the conformation and physiological behavior of apolipoprotein e bound to model lipoprotein particles. | the effect of particle size and structural order/disorder of the lipid domain on the conformation and physiological behavior of lipid-associated apolipoprotein e (apoe) was evaluated. circular dichroic (cd) spectra of apoe bound to large (lme) and small (sme) microemulsion particles, composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (dmpc) and cholesteryl oleate (co), and to dmpc disks revealed that at 4 degrees c, where all of the lipid constituents were in an ordered state, apoe bound to lme displaye ... | 1990 | 2168737 |
| import into mitochondria of precursors containing hydrophobic passenger proteins: pretreatment of precursors with urea inhibits import. | we have studied the import into isolated yeast mitochondria of three hydrophobic passenger proteins attached to the n-terminal cleavable presequence of mitochondrial atpase subunit 9 from neurospora crassa. one natural precursor (pn9) contained n. crassa subunit 9; two chimaeric precursors, n9l/y8-1 and n9l/y9-2, respectively contained yeast mitochondrial atpase subunits 8 and 9. in the absence of urea, pn9 and n9l/y8-1 are imported efficiently but n9l/y9-2 is not imported. after pretreatment of ... | 1990 | 2168755 |
| [evaluation of photodynamic therapy using pheophorbide-a as a photosensitizer]. | intra-tumoral concentrations of pheophorbide-a, a new photosensitizer, were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography after administration of pheophorbide-a to nude mice (balb/c-nu) that had been implanted with human hepatocellular carcinoma. the results were as follows: 1) 0.009 +/- 0.007 microgram/g tissue in 1 mg/kg body p.o. administration group, 2) 0.22 +/- 0.06 microgram/g tissue in 250 mg/kg body p.o. administration group, 3) 0.85 +/- 0.14 microgram/g tissue in 5 mg/kg body intra ... | 1990 | 2168925 |
| mu-opioid receptors mediate the inhibitory effect of opioids on dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in primary cultures of rat neostriatal neurons. | the receptors mediating the inhibition of d1 dopamine receptor-stimulated adenylate cyclase by opioids were examined in primary cultures of rat neostriatal neurons. adenylate cyclase activity was dose-dependently increased by the selective d1 dopamine receptor agonist skf 38393 (ec50 = 0.05 microm). this stimulation was fully antagonized by the selective d1 dopamine receptor antagonist sch 23390 (1 microm). skf 38393 (1 microm)-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was strongly reduced (by almos ... | 1990 | 2168934 |
| characterization of a mutant of haemophilus influenzae type b lacking the p2 major outer membrane protein. | an isogenic mutant of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) lacking the ability to express the p2 major outer membrane (porin) protein was constructed and characterized in various model systems. linker insertion mutagenesis of a cloned hib dna insert containing the p2 structural gene was used in conjunction with a genetic transformation system to obtain a transformant unreactive with a p2-specific monoclonal antibody. this transformant was shown to lack detectable p2 protein by both protein staini ... | 1990 | 2169463 |