| overexpression and characterization of an iron storage and dna-binding dps protein from trichodesmium erythraeum. | although the role of iron in marine productivity has received a great deal of attention, no iron storage protein has been isolated from a marine microorganism previously. we describe an fe-binding protein belonging to the dps family (dna binding protein from starved cells) in the n(2)-fixing marine cyanobacterium trichodesmium erythraeum. a dps gene encoding a protein with significant levels of identity to members of the dps family was identified in the genome of t. erythraeum. this gene codes f ... | 2006 | 16597998 |
| arsenic resistance in campylobacter spp. isolated from retail poultry products. | organoarsenicals are commonly used for growth promotion in u.s. poultry production. susceptibilities to arsenite, arsenate, and the organoarsenical roxarsone were measured in 251 campylobacter isolates from conventional and antimicrobial-free retail poultry products. isolates from conventional poultry products had significantly higher roxarsone mics (z = 8.22; p < 0.0001). | 2006 | 16598022 |
| a phylogenomic profile of globins. | globins occur in all three kingdoms of life: they can be classified into single-domain globins and chimeric globins. the latter comprise the flavohemoglobins with a c-terminal fad-binding domain and the gene-regulating globin coupled sensors, with variable c-terminal domains. the single-domain globins encompass sequences related to chimeric globins and "truncated" hemoglobins with a 2-over-2 instead of the canonical 3-over-3 alpha-helical fold. | 2006 | 16600051 |
| campylobacter coli enteritis and guillain-barré syndrome: no evidence of molecular mimicry and serological relationship. | campylobacter coli was isolated from two guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) patients who had anti-gm1 and anti-gd1 igg antibodies. although both this bacteria and campylobacter jejuni are common causes of diarrheal illness, previous studies have focused only on c. jejuni as the causal agent of gbs. to determine whether c. coli also is a causative agent, we examined the hypothesis that production of anti-ganglioside antibodies is induced by ganglioside-mimics on that bacterial lipo-oligosaccharide (lo ... | 2006 | 16600306 |
| role of toll-like receptors in health and diseases of gastrointestinal tract. | the human gastrointestinal (gi) tract is colonized by non-pathogenic commensal microflora and frequently exposed to many pathogenic organisms. for the maintenance of gi homeostasis, the host must discriminate between pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms and initiate effective and appropriate immune and inflammatory responses. mammalian toll-like receptors (tlrs) are members of the pattern-recognition receptor (prr) family that plays a central role in the initiation of innate cellular immune r ... | 2006 | 16610014 |
| cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains mediate cell cycle arrest induced by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal-distending toxin. | we have previously shown that actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal-distending toxin (cdt) is a potent immunosuppressive agent that induces g2/m arrest in human lymphocytes. in this study, we explored the possibility that cdt-mediated immunotoxicity involves lipid membrane microdomains. we first determined that following treatment of jurkat cells with cdt holotoxin all three cdt subunits localize to these microdomains. laser confocal microscopy was employed to colocalize the subunits w ... | 2006 | 16611231 |
| effects of a campylobacter jejuni infection on the development of the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens. | the effect of a campylobacter jejuni colonization on the development of the microflora of the cecum and the ileum of broiler chickens was studied using molecular methods. the infection did affect the development and complexity of the microbial communities of the ceca, but we found no permanent effect of a c. jejuni infection on the ileal microflora of the broilers. in addition, denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) profiles generated from cecal and ileal contents revealed several dgge b ... | 2006 | 16615340 |
| apparent attachment of campylobacter and salmonella to broiler breeder rooster spermatozoa. | it has been demonstrated that horizontal and vertical transmission of salmonella and campylobacter can occur in broiler breeder flocks. the mechanism of this transmission is still unclear. previously negative broiler breeder flocks have been reported to become positive with salmonella, campylobacter, or both after the introduction of "spike" roosters at 45 wk of age. to determine whether the rooster semen is a possible source of transmission to hens for colonization, we evaluated the association ... | 2006 | 16615345 |
| a stereoselective 1,2-cis glycosylation toward the synthesis of a novel n-linked glycan from the gram-negative bacterium, campylobacter jejuni. | it has been shown that certain prokaryotes, such as campylobacter jejuni, have asparagine (asn)-linked glycoproteins. however, the structures of their glycans are distinct from those of eukaryotic origin. they consist of a bacillosamine residue linked to asn, an alpha-(1-->4)-galpnac repeat, and a branching beta-glcp residue. in this paper, we describe a strategy for the stereoselective construction of the alpha-(1-->4)-galpnac repeat of a c. jejuni n-glycan, utilizing a pentafluoropropionyl (pf ... | 2006 | 16616904 |
| campylobacter jejuni strains of human and chicken origin are invasive in chickens after oral challenge. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the colonizing ability and the invasive capacity of selected campylobacter jejuni strains of importance for the epidemiology of c jejuni in danish broiler chickens. four c. jejuni strains were selected for experimental colonization studies in day-old and 14-day-old chickens hatched from specific pathogen free (spf) eggs. of the four c. jejuni strains tested, three were penner heat-stable serotype 2, flaa type 1/1, the most common type found among broilers and ... | 2006 | 16617974 |
| campylobacter jejuni infection in broiler chickens. | day-old, straight-run broiler chickens were procured from a hatchery located in the pacific northwest. the chickens were subdivided individually into nine groups of 20 chickens. the chickens were tagged, housed in isolation chambers on wire, fed commercial broiler feed, and given water ad libitum. three isolates of campylobacter jejuni of poultry origin and one of human origin were tested in this study. various c. jejuni cultures were inoculated into 9-day-old chickens by crop gavage. four group ... | 2006 | 16617982 |
| direct biochemical evidence for the utilization of udp-bacillosamine by pglc, an essential glycosyl-1-phosphate transferase in the campylobacter jejuni n-linked glycosylation pathway. | campylobacter jejuni has a general n-linked glycosylation pathway, encoded by the pgl gene cluster. in c. jejuni, a heptasaccharide is transferred from an undecaprenyl pyrophosphate donor [galnac-alpha1,4-galnac-alpha1,4-(glcbeta1,3)-galnac-alpha1,4-galnac-alpha1,4-galnac-alpha1,3-bac-alpha1-pp-undecaprenyl, where bac is bacillosamine (2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxyglucose)] to the asparagine side chain of target proteins at the asn-x-ser/thr motif. in this study, we have cloned, overexpressed i ... | 2006 | 16618123 |
| definition of the bacterial n-glycosylation site consensus sequence. | the campylobacter jejuni pgl locus encodes an n-linked protein glycosylation machinery that can be functionally transferred into escherichia coli. in this system, we analyzed the elements in the c. jejuni n-glycoprotein acra required for accepting an n-glycan. we found that the eukaryotic primary consensus sequence for n-glycosylation is n terminally extended to d/e-y-n-x-s/t (y, x not equalp) for recognition by the bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase (ost) pglb. however, not all consensus seque ... | 2006 | 16619027 |
| low-level fluoroquinolone resistance among campylobacter jejuni isolates in australia. | ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni isolates obtained from infected patients in australia have not been detected in studies of isolates from specific geographic areas. the australian government has prohibited the use of fluoroquinolone in food-producing animals. to assess the impact of this policy, we have examined the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from 5 australian states. | 2006 | 16619147 |
| fold-recognition and comparative modeling of human alpha2,3-sialyltransferases reveal their sequence and structural similarities to cstii from campylobacter jejuni. | the 3-d structure of none of the eukaryotic sialyltransferases (siats) has been determined so far. sequence alignment algorithms such as blast and psi-blast could not detect a homolog of these enzymes from the protein databank. siats, thus, belong to the hard/medium target category in the casp experiments. the objective of the current work is to model the 3-d structures of human siats which transfer the sialic acid in alpha2,3-linkage viz., st3gal i, ii, iii, iv, v, and vi, using fold-recognitio ... | 2006 | 16620397 |
| expression and purification of native and truncated forms of cadf, an outer membrane protein of campylobacter. | campylobacter is now recognized as the most common bacterial agent of gastroenteritis. the adhesion of bacteria to intestinal cells is a major step in human colonization. the binding of campylobacter jejuni cells to fibronectin (fn), a component of the extra cellular matrix, is mediated by a 37,000 outer membrane protein termed cadf for campylobacter adhesion to fn. cadf protein is very hard to purify from campylobacter membranes. in order to study the conformation of this protein, we set out to ... | 2006 | 16620952 |
| mutation of waac, encoding heptosyltransferase i in campylobacter jejuni 81-176, affects the structure of both lipooligosaccharide and capsular carbohydrate. | campylobacter jejuni 81-176 lipooligosaccharide (los) is composed of two covalently linked domains: lipid a, a hydrophobic anchor, and a nonrepeating core oligosaccharide, consisting of an inner and outer core region. we report the isolation and characterization of the deepest rough c. jejuni 81-176 mutant by insertional mutagenesis into the waac gene, encoding heptosyltransferase i that catalyzes the transfer of the first l-glycero-d-manno-heptose residue to 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic residue ... | 2006 | 16621820 |
| campylobacter jejuni induces maturation and cytokine production in human dendritic cells. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading bacterial cause of human diarrheal disease in both developed and developing nations. colonic mucosal invasion and the resulting host inflammatory responses are thought to be the key contributing factors to the dysenteric form of this disease. dendritic cells (dcs) play an important role in both the innate and adaptive immune responses to microbial infection. in this study, the interaction between human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and c. jejuni was studied. ... | 2006 | 16622206 |
| a recurring outbreak of shigella sonnei among traditionally observant jewish children in new york city: the risks of daycare and household transmission. | dispersed community outbreaks of shigella sonnei have occurred cyclically among traditionally observant jews in the united states. in february 2000, we investigated a s. sonnei outbreak in one jewish community in new york city. to determine risk factors for introduction of infection into households, we conducted a cohort study of households to compare risk factors for illness among primary subjects within households and age-matched well siblings. isolates were subtyped by pulsed-field gel electr ... | 2006 | 16623986 |
| antibiotic resistance of retail food and human campylobacter isolates on the island of ireland from 2001-2002. | the antimicrobial resistance profiles of campylobacter isolates recovered from a range of retail food samples (n=374) and humans (n=314) to eight antimicrobial compounds were investigated. high levels of resistance in food c. jejuni isolates were observed for ceftiofur (58%), ampicillin (25%) and nalidixic acid (17%) with lower levels observed for streptomycin (7.9%) and chloramphenicol (8.3%). a total of 80% of human c. jejuni isolates were resistant to ceftiofur, while 17% showed resistance to ... | 2006 | 16623987 |
| quantification of campylobacter on the surface and in the muscle of chicken legs at retail. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and numbers of campylobacter on the skin and in the muscle of chicken legs at retail to examine the external and internal contamination for an exposure assessment. furthermore, the study assessed seasonal influence on campylobacter contamination in chicken legs. of the 140 examined skin samples, 66% were positive, and the internal contamination of 115 sampled chicken legs was 27%. the enumeration of campylobacter on the surface of posit ... | 2006 | 16629016 |
| reduction of campylobacter jejuni on chicken wings by chemical treatments. | eight chemicals, including glycerol monolaurate, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, lactic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium chlorate, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide, were tested individually or in combination for their ability to inactivate campylobacter jejuni at 4 degrees c in suspension. results showed that treatment for up to 20 min with 0.01% glycerol monolaurate, 0.1% sodium benzoate, 50 or 100 mm sodium chlorate, or 1% lactic acid did not substantially (< or = 0.5 log cfu/ml) reduce c. ... | 2006 | 16629017 |
| adherence to and invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells by campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from retail meat products. | the abilities of 34 campylobacter jejuni and 9 campylobacter coli isolates recovered from retail meats to adhere to and invade human intestinal epithelial t84 cells were examined and compared with those of a well-characterized human clinical strain, c. jejuni 81-176, to better assess the pathogenic potential of these meat isolates. the meat isolates exhibited a wide range of adherence and invasion abilities; a few of the isolates adhered to and invaded t84 cells almost as well as did c. jejuni 8 ... | 2006 | 16629018 |
| amplified fragment length polymorphism, serotyping, and quinolone resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains from chicken-related samples and humans in taiwan. | the high-resolution genotyping method of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis was used to study the genetic relationships between campylobacter jejuni isolates from chicken-related samples (n = 32) and humans (n = 27) as well as between campylobacter coli isolates from chicken-related samples (n = 27) and humans (n = 5). these isolates were collected between 1994 and 2003 in taiwan. all c. jejuni and c. coli isolates showed highly heterogeneous fingerprints. c. jejuni isolates ... | 2006 | 16629019 |
| metronidazole resistance in campylobacter jejuni from poultry meat. | the occurrence of metronidazole resistance was investigated among campylobacter jejuni in raw poultry meat collected from supermarkets. mics were determined by the agar dilution procedure in the testing range of 3 to 60 microg/ml metronidazole. the mics showed a bimodal distribution with a significant proportion of metronidazole-resistant isolates among c. jejuni from raw broiler and turkey meat. metronidazole resistance occurred most frequently among turkey meat isolates (p < 0.005). this is th ... | 2006 | 16629042 |
| [a case of acute oropharyngeal palsy with nasal voice as main symptom]. | we report a patient with acute oropharyngeal palsy following enteritis. a 19-year-old woman developed increasing nasal voice over a few days. neurological examination on day 7 of her course showed paretic dysarthria and mild weakness of neck flexion and quadriceps femoris muscle (medical research council grade, 4+). her palatal movement was diminished, whereas both palatal and pharyngeal reflex was normal. she could swallow water, although she had a slight amount of liquid reflux to her nose on ... | 2006 | 16629449 |
| prevalence of thermophilic campylobacter infections in humans, chickens and crows in morogoro, tanzania. | prevalence of thermophilic campylobacter infections in humans, chickens and crows was determined in a cross-sectional study that was carried out in urban and rural areas of morogoro region, tanzania during the period of january 2003 to december 2004. a total of 632 human stool samples, 536 cloacal swabs from local and broiler chickens and 22 intestinal contents from crows were screened for presence of thermophilic campylobacters using skirrow's protocol. representative campylobacter jejuni isola ... | 2006 | 16629722 |
| phenotypic and genotypic anti-microbial resistance profiles of campylobacters from untreated feedlot cattle and their environment. | anti-microbial resistance is an emerging public health issue. farmed animals may act as reservoirs and potential sources of anti-microbial resistant campylobacters. the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-microbial resistance profile of cattle and environmental campylobacter isolates from normal untreated feedlot cattle, the role of the gyra thr-86-ile mutation in ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni isolates and the involvement of the tripartite cmeabc efflux system for multi- ... | 2006 | 16629986 |
| artificial neural network based identification of campylobacter species by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. | two prototypes of artificial neural network (ann), multilayer perceptron (mlp), and probabilistic neural network (pnn), were used to analyze infrared (ir) spectral data obtained from intact cells belonging to the species campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni. in order to establish a consistent identification and typing procedure, mid infrared spectra of these species were obtained by means of a fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscope. ft-ir patterns belonging to 26 isolates subclas ... | 2006 | 16632003 |
| quantitative and simultaneous detection of four foodborne bacterial pathogens with a multi-channel spr sensor. | we report the quantitative and simultaneous detection of four species of bacteria, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella choleraesuis serotype typhimurium, listeria monocytogenes, and campylobacter jejuni, using an eight-channel surface plasmon resonance (spr) sensor based on wavelength division multiplexing. detection curves showing spr response versus analyte concentration were established for each species of bacteria in buffer at ph 7.4, apple juice at native ph 3.7, and apple juice at an adju ... | 2006 | 16635568 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of thermophilic campylobacter from humans, swine, and chicken broilers. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and the distribution of antimicrobial resistance, and the presence of genetic determinants of resistance, in campylobacter recovered from swine, poultry, and human populations in quebec. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of 10 antimicrobial agents were determined by the agar dilution technique. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect the teto determinant, and mutations in gyra were analyzed by sequencing and by mismatch amplif ... | 2006 | 16639939 |
| molecular characterization of streptococcus suis strains by 16s-23s intergenic spacer polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | we developed a new molecular method of typing streptococcus suis based on polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of a large fragment of rrna genes, including a part of the 16s and 23s genes and the 16s-23s intergenic spacer region (isr), followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis with rsai or mboii endonuclease. the 16s-23s isrs of 5 s. suis isolates were sequenced and compared. size and sequence polymorphisms were observed between the s735 reference strain and t ... | 2006 | 16639941 |
| substrate specificity of bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase suggests a common transfer mechanism for the bacterial and eukaryotic systems. | the pglb oligosaccharyltransferase (otase) of campylobacter jejuni can be functionally expressed in escherichia coli, and its relaxed oligosaccharide substrate specificity allows the transfer of different glycans from the lipid carrier undecaprenyl pyrophosphate to an acceptor protein. to investigate the substrate specificity of pglb, we tested the transfer of a set of lipid-linked polysaccharides in e. coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. a hexose linked to the c-6 of the monosacch ... | 2006 | 16641107 |
| comparison of chicken gut colonisation by the pathogens campylobacter jejuni and clostridium perfringens by real-time quantitative pcr. | we compared the colonisation of the chicken gut by the two important pathogens campylobacter jejuni (frequent food-borne pathogen) and alpha-toxin gene containing clostridium perfringens (causative agent of necrotic enteritis in chickens) using a new high-throughput automated dna purification method for microbial biodiversity analyses. the method gave high reproducibility (standard deviation of 1.1 c(t)-values for a universal 16s rdna real-time pcr), and inhibition was observed in only 0.9% of t ... | 2006 | 16644183 |
| surveillance of salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp. in poultry production flocks in the netherlands. | in the netherlands, a national programme for the surveillance of zoonotic bacteria in farm animals has been operative since 1997. we describe the results of the surveillance of salmonella spp. in flocks of laying hens and broilers and of campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks in the period 1999-2002. the prevalence of salmonella spp. in laying-hen flocks has significantly decreased from 21.1% in 1999 to 13.4% in 2002. this decreasing trend might indicate that the control measures taken by the poul ... | 2006 | 16670032 |
| the infection connection. helicobacter pylori is more than just the cause of gastric ulcers--it offers an unprecedented opportunity to study changes in human microecology and the nature of chronic disease. | | 2006 | 16670677 |
| [aetiology and antibiotic sensitivity of the most frequent outpatient infections]. | the diffusion of the outlines of antibiotic sensitivity is a practice that is recommended for improving the prescription of antibiotics and for controlling the appearance and spread of resistances. during the years 2003 and 2004, data was gathered on the sensitivity to antibiotics of the main bacteria isolated in outpatient urine cultures, coprocultures, faringoamygdal and otic smears in the pamplona health area, which attends to a population of approximately 400,000 inhabitants. of the 9,495 ur ... | 2006 | 16670727 |
| development and evaluation of a rapid, simple, and sensitive immunochromatographic assay to detect thermostable direct hemolysin produced by vibrio parahaemolyticus in enrichment cultures of stool specimens. | thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) is considered to be a major virulence factor in vibrio parahaemolyticus, and most cases of v. parahaemolyticus diarrhea in humans are caused by tdh gene-positive strains. in the present study, we developed an immunochromatographic assay to detect tdh (tdh-ica) and evaluated the utility of tdh-ica for the diagnosis of v. parahaemolyticus diarrhea. tdh-ica allowed the detection of 0.2 ng/ml of tdh within 10 min. fecal homogenates were spiked with various numbers ... | 2006 | 16672412 |
| lack of association between the presence of the pvir plasmid and bloody diarrhea in campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | the main mechanisms by which campylobacter jejuni causes diarrhea are unknown. in contrast to a recent communication, we report here the absence of an association with the plasmid pvir in patients infected with c. jejuni who developed bloody diarrhea in the netherlands, and we suggest a role for other virulence determinants. | 2006 | 16672425 |
| campylobacter curvus-associated hepatic abscesses: a case report. | campylobacter curvus was isolated from blood cultures of a patient with liver abscesses. bacterial identification involved gram staining, biochemical analysis, gas-liquid chromatography, and 16s rrna sequencing. the difficulty in isolation, identification, and growth of the species confirms previous work that these organisms may be overlooked by conventional detection methods. | 2006 | 16672438 |
| genetic diversity and quinolone resistance in campylobacter jejuni isolates from poultry in senegal. | we used the multilocus sequence typing (mlst) method to evaluate the genetic diversity of 46 campylobacter jejuni isolates from chickens and to determine the link between quinolone resistance and sequence type (st). there were a total of 16 st genotypes, and the majority of them belonged to seven clonal complexes previously identified by using isolates from human disease. the st-353 complex was the most common complex, whereas the st-21, st-42, st-52, and st-257 complexes were less well represen ... | 2006 | 16672471 |
| dissemination of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter spp. within an integrated commercial poultry production system. | while characterizing the intestinal bacterial community of broiler chickens, we detected epsilon-proteobacterial dna in the ilea of 3-day-old commercial broiler chicks (j. lu, u. idris, b. harmon, c. hofacre, j. j. maurer, and m. d. lee, appl. environ. microbiol. 69:6816-6824, 2003). the sequences exhibited high levels of similarity to campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli sequences, suggesting that chickens can carry campylobacter at a very young age. campylobacter sp. was detected by pcr ... | 2006 | 16672489 |
| effect of conventional and organic production practices on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter spp. in poultry. | intestinal tracts of broilers and turkeys from 10 conventional broiler farms and 10 conventional turkey farms, where antimicrobials were routinely used, and from 5 organic broiler farms and 5 organic turkey farms, where antimicrobials had never been used, were collected and cultured for campylobacter species. a total of 694 campylobacter isolates from the conventional and organic poultry operations were tested for antimicrobial resistance to nine antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. ... | 2006 | 16672508 |
| differential proteomic analysis of the bacillus anthracis secretome: distinct plasmid and chromosome co2-dependent cross talk mechanisms modulate extracellular proteolytic activities. | the secretomes of a virulent bacillus anthracis strain and of avirulent strains (cured of the virulence plasmids pxo1 and pxo2), cultured in rich and minimal media, were studied by a comparative proteomic approach. more than 400 protein spots, representing the products of 64 genes, were identified, and a unique pattern of protein relative abundance with respect to the presence of the virulence plasmids was revealed. in minimal medium under high co(2) tension, conditions considered to simulate th ... | 2006 | 16672610 |
| helicobacter pylori initiates the stringent response upon nutrient and ph downshift. | helicobacter pylori was previously reported to lack a stringent response. in contrast, we show that after nutrient downshift, h. pylori produced abundant ppgpp and less total rna. ph downshift also caused (p)ppgpp accumulation. our observations indicate that nutrient deprivation and acid shock activate the stringent response in h. pylori. | 2006 | 16672627 |
| purification and spectroscopic characterization of ctb, a group iii truncated hemoglobin implicated in oxygen metabolism in the food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that possesses two distinct hemoglobins, encoded by the ctb and cgb genes. the former codes for a truncated hemoglobin (ctb) in group iii, an assemblage of uncharacterized globins in diverse clinically and technologically significant bacteria. here, we show that ctb purifies as a monomeric, predominantly oxygenated species. optical spectra of ferric, ferrous, o(2)- and co-bound forms resemble those of other hemoglobins. however, resonance r ... | 2006 | 16681372 |
| functional characterization of the flagellar glycosylation locus in campylobacter jejuni 81-176 using a focused metabolomics approach. | bacterial genome sequencing has provided a wealth of genetic data. however, the definitive functional characterization of hypothetical open reading frames and novel biosynthetic genes remains challenging. this is particularly true for genes involved in protein glycosylation because the isolation of their glycan moieties is often problematic. we have developed a focused metabolomics approach to define the function of flagellin glycosylation genes in campylobacter jejuni 81-176. a capillary electr ... | 2006 | 16684771 |
| investigating vomiting and/or bloody diarrhoea in campylobacter jejuni infection. | campylobacter jejuni infection frequently presents as acute enteritis with diarrhoea, malaise, fever and abdominal pain. vomiting and bloody diarrhoea are reported less frequently. to investigate potential host, micro-organism or environmental factors that might explain the different clinical presentations, the features of laboratory-confirmed campylobacter jejuni cases presenting with vomiting and/or bloody diarrhoea were compared with cases who did not report either clinical manifestation. sin ... | 2006 | 16687593 |
| the campylobacter jejuni peb1a adhesin is an aspartate/glutamate-binding protein of an abc transporter essential for microaerobic growth on dicarboxylic amino acids. | the peb1a protein of the gastrointestinal pathogen campylobacter jejuni mediates interactions with epithelial cells and is an important factor in host colonization. cell fractionation and immunoblotting showed that peb1a is most abundant in the periplasm of c. jejuni, and is detectable in the culture supernatant but not in the inner or outer membrane. the protein is homologous with periplasmic-binding proteins associated with abc transporters and we show by fluorescence spectroscopy that purifie ... | 2006 | 16689801 |
| epidemiology and genetic characterization of shigella flexneri strains isolated from three paediatric populations in egypt (2000-2004). | ninety-seven isolates of shigella flexneri from children seeking medical care from three sites in egypt were characterized. overall, 46.4% of children (median age 17 months) were febrile or reported blood in their stools, 25.8% were dehydrated and 16.5% were admitted to hospital. serotypes 2a (37.1%), 1b (18.6%), 1c (17.5%), and 6 (15.5%) comprised over 88.7% of the total isolates. we observed marked resistance to ampicillin (87.6%), tetracycline (84.5%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (63.9%) ... | 2006 | 16690004 |
| cj1121c, a novel udp-4-keto-6-deoxy-glcnac c-4 aminotransferase essential for protein glycosylation and virulence in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni produces glycoproteins that are essential for virulence. these glycoproteins carry diacetamidobacillosamine (dab), a sugar that is not found in humans. hence, the enzymes responsible for dab synthesis represent potential therapeutic targets. we describe the biochemical characterization of cj1121c, a putative aminotransferase encoded by the general protein glycosylation locus, to assess its role in dab biosynthesis. by using overexpressed and affinity-purified enzyme, we demo ... | 2006 | 16690622 |
| infections and vaccinations preceding childhood guillain-barré syndrome: a prospective study. | we performed a prospective, multicentre study in children with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), diagnosed according to international criteria, to investigate the frequency and aetiology of antecedent diseases. all infections and vaccinations occurring within a 6-week period prior to the onset of gbs were documented. | 2006 | 16691408 |
| the occurrence and characterization of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli in organic pigs and their outdoor environment. | the occurrence and species distribution of thermophilic campylobacter was investigated in organic outdoor pigs. an increased exposure of outdoor pigs to c. jejuni from the environment may cause a shift from a normal dominance of c. coli to more c. jejuni, which may imply a concern of reduced food safety. bacteriological methods for determination of campylobacter excretion level were combined with colony-blot hybridization and real-time pcr for specific detection of c. jejuni in pigs. campylobact ... | 2006 | 16697127 |
| a recombinant probiotic for treatment and prevention of cholera. | we have developed a therapeutic strategy based on molecular mimicry of host receptors for bacterial toxins on the surface of harmless gut bacteria. in the present study, this has been applied to the development of a recombinant probiotic for treatment and prevention of cholera, caused by vibrio cholerae. | 2006 | 16697733 |
| synthesis of asparagine-linked bacillosamine. | various types of protein glycosylation have been identified from prokaryotes. recent investigations have revealed the presence of n-linked glycoproteins in the pathogenic bacterium, campylobacter jejuni. the structure of this glycan is unique, consisting of 5 galnac and 1 glc, in addition to 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-d-glucopyranose (bacillosamine; bac), which is n-glycosidically linked to the side chain of asparagine (asn). we synthesized bac from a 2-azido-2-deoxy-d-galactose derivative, ... | 2006 | 16697990 |
| guillain-barré syndrome, greater paris area. | we studied 263 cases of guillain-barré syndrome from 1996 to 2001, 40% of which were associated with a known causative agent, mainly campylobacter jejuni (22%) or cytomegalovirus (15%). the cases with no known agent (60%) peaked in winter, and half were preceded by respiratory infection, influenza-like syndrome, or gastrointestinal illness. | 2006 | 16707059 |
| the genome of the obligately intracellular bacterium ehrlichia canis reveals themes of complex membrane structure and immune evasion strategies. | ehrlichia canis, a small obligately intracellular, tick-transmitted, gram-negative, alpha-proteobacterium, is the primary etiologic agent of globally distributed canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. complete genome sequencing revealed that the e. canis genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 1,315,030 bp predicted to encode 925 proteins, 40 stable rna species, 17 putative pseudogenes, and a substantial proportion of noncoding sequence (27%). interesting genome features include a large set o ... | 2006 | 16707693 |
| genotyping of campylobacter coli and c. jejuni from retail chicken meat and humans with campylobacteriosis in slovenia and bosnia and herzegovina. | thermotolerant campylobacter jejuni and c. coli are one of the major causes of bacterial foodborne enteric infection. consuming and/or handling poultry meat is the most consistent risk factor, linked to the high prevalence of campylobacters in retail poultry meat. the aim of the present study was to ascertain the genetic diversity and/or possible specificity of thermotolerant campylobacter isolates according to species (c. coli, c. jejuni), isolation source (retail chicken meat and human clinica ... | 2006 | 16712997 |
| membrane vesicles shed by legionella pneumophila inhibit fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes. | when cultured in broth to the transmissive phase, legionella pneumophila infects macrophages by inhibiting phagosome maturation, whereas replicative-phase cells are transported to the lysosomes. here we report that the ability of l. pneumophila to inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion correlated with developmentally regulated modifications of the pathogen's surface, as judged by its lipopolysaccharide profile and by its binding to a sialic acid-specific lectin and to the hydrocarbon hexadecane. like ... | 2006 | 16714556 |
| iha from an escherichia coli urinary tract infection outbreak clonal group a strain is expressed in vivo in the mouse urinary tract and functions as a catecholate siderophore receptor. | virulence factors of pathogenic escherichia coli belonging to a recently emerged and disseminated clonal group associated with urinary tract infection (uti), provisionally designated clonal group a (cga), have not been experimentally investigated. we used a mouse model of ascending uti with cga member strain ucb34 in order to identify genes of cga that contribute to uti. iha was identified to be expressed by strain ucb34 in the mouse kidney using selective capture of transcribed sequences. iha f ... | 2006 | 16714573 |
| flagellin-independent regulation of chemokine host defense in campylobacter jejuni-infected intestinal epithelium. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial food-borne diarrheal disease throughout the world and the most frequent antecedent of autoimmune neuropathy guillain-barré syndrome. while infection is associated with immune memory, little is known regarding the role of the epithelium in targeting dendritic cells (dc) for initiating the appropriate adaptive immune response to c. jejuni. the objective of this study was to define the role for the intestinal epithelium in the induction of the ad ... | 2006 | 16714574 |
| biogenesis of the actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin holotoxin. | the cell cycle g2/m specific inhibitor cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) from actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is composed of cdta, cdtb, and cdtc coded on the cdta, cdtb, and cdtc genes that are tandem on the chromosomal cdt locus. a. actinomycetemcomitans cdta has the lipid binding consensus domain, the so-called "lipobox", at the n-terminal signal sequence. using escherichia coli carrying plasmid ptk3022, we show that the 16th residue, cysteine, of cdta bound [3h]palmitate or [)h]glycerol ... | 2006 | 16714579 |
| molecular detection of campylobacter jejuni in archival cases of acute appendicitis. | the role of enteric bacteria in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis is a controversial subject. campylobacter jejuni has been previously demonstrated in a minority of cases of acute appendicitis using microbiological or immunohistochemical methods, notably in cases where inflammation was limited to the mucosa/submucosa. our goal was to evaluate cases of acute appendicitis for c. jejuni dna using molecular methods, and to compare our findings to the histologic features. in total, 50 archival c ... | 2006 | 16715071 |
| genetic diversity of arcobacter and campylobacter on broiler carcasses during processing. | broiler carcasses (n=325) were sampled at three sites along the processing line (prescalding, prechilling, and postchilling) in a commercial poultry processing plant during five plant visits from august to october 2004. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was used to determine the genomic fingerprints of camospylobacter coli (n=27), campylobacter jejuni (n=188), arcobacter butzleri (n=138), arcobacter cryaerophilus 1a (n=4), and a. cryaerophilus 1b (n=31) with the restriction enzymes smai an ... | 2006 | 16715800 |
| occurrence of selected foodborne pathogens on poultry and poultry giblets from small retail processing operations in trinidad. | we conducted a study to determine quantitatively and qualitatively the presence of campylobacter spp., escherichia coli, staphylococci, total coliforms, total aerobic bacteria, and salmonella on broiler carcasses from selected small retail processors in trinidad. we used standard media and procedures for detection and quantification. all carcass and weep samples were positive for aerobic bacteria, e. coli, total coliforms, and staphylococci. significant differences in the mean counts of aerobic ... | 2006 | 16715810 |
| the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in campylobacter. | antibiotic resistance, particularly with the fluoroquinolones and macrolide antibiotics, has now emerged globally with thermophilic campylobacters, including campylobacter jejuni and c. coli, giving rise to concerns about how these organisms have acquired such resistance characteristics, as well as consequences for human and animal treatment. this review examines (i) the clinical epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in human and animal thermophilic campylobacters, (ii) an update on resistance r ... | 2006 | 16716632 |
| helicobacter species ribosomal dna in the pancreas, stomach and duodenum of pancreatic cancer patients. | to determine whether gastric and enteric helicobacter species are associated with pancreatic cancer. | 2006 | 16718784 |
| antibody polyspecificity and neutralization of hiv-1: a hypothesis. | hiv-1 has evolved many ways to evade protective host immune responses, thus creating a number of problems for hiv vaccine developers. in particular, durable, broadly specific neutralizing antibodies to hiv-1 have proved difficult to induce with current hiv-1 vaccine candidates. the recent observation that some broadly neutralizing anti-hiv-1 envelope monoclonal antibodies have polyspecific reactivities to host antigens have raised the hypothesis that one reason antibodies against some of the con ... | 2005 | 16720975 |
| idebenone acts against growth of helicobacter pylori by inhibiting its respiration. | growth of helicobacter pylori was inhibited by the quinones, idebenone, duroquinone, menadione, juglone, and coenzyme q(1) at low concentrations of 0.8 to 3.2 mug/ml. idebenone specifically inhibited h. pylori growth by inhibiting respiration and decreasing the cellular atp level. the respiratory inhibition was accompanied by reduction of idebenone by the h. pylori cells. | 2006 | 16723594 |
| molecular diagnosis of campylobacter jejuni infection in cases of focal active colitis. | campylobacter jejuni (cj) is the most commonly isolated stool pathogen in the united states. biopsy findings are typically those of focal active colitis (fac), a nonspecific pattern usually indicating infection or adverse drug effect that is characterized by focal cryptitis and preservation of crypt architecture. we developed a molecular test for cj that can be performed on routinely processed gastrointestinal biopsy specimens, and assessed what percentage of patients with biopsy findings of fac ... | 2006 | 16723859 |
| pseg of pseudaminic acid biosynthesis: a udp-sugar hydrolase as a masked glycosyltransferase. | the flagellin proteins in pathogenic bacteria such as campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori are heavily glycosylated with the nine-carbon alpha-keto acid, pseudaminic acid. the presence of this posttranslational modification is absolutely required for assembly of functional flagella. since motility is required for colonization, pseudaminic acid biosynthesis represents a virulence factor in these bacteria. pseudaminic acid is generated from udp-n-acetylglucosamine in five biosynthetic step ... | 2006 | 16728396 |
| evaluation of uncertainty in quantitative real-time pcr. | quantitative real-time pcr is one of the newer methods for measurement of the amount of nucleic material in biological systems. however, reliable measurement requires an appropriate estimation of uncertainty and this paper has developed the uncertainty budget associated with this procedure using as an example, data from a quantitative real-time pcr method for the enumeration of campylobacter jejuni. this uncertainty is relatively large and for instance, a measured result of 151 units of dna woul ... | 2006 | 16735069 |
| high genetic variation in the multidrug transporter cmeb gene in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | this study was conducted to examine the genetic variation occurring in the cmeb gene encoding the transporter component of the cmeabc efflux pump. | 2006 | 16735430 |
| macrolide resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | infection with campylobacter jejuni is now considered to be the most common cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. it occurs more frequently than infections caused by salmonella species, shigella species, or escherichia coli o157:h7. although c. jejuni is also recognized for its association with serious post-infection neurological complications, most patients with c. jejuni infections have a self-limited illness. nevertheless, a substantial proportion of these infections a ... | 2006 | 16735431 |
| comparison of escherichia coli and campylobacter jejuni transport in saturated porous media. | due to the difficulties in testing for specific pathogens, water samples are tested for the presence of nonpathogenic indicator organisms to determine whether a water supply has been contaminated by fecal material. an implicit assumption in this approach is that where pathogenic microorganisms are present fecal indicator organisms are present as well; yet surprisingly few studies have been conducted that directly compare the transport of indicator organisms with pathogenic organisms in ground wa ... | 2006 | 16738386 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa 1244 pilin glycosylation: glycan substrate recognition. | the pilin of pseudomonas aeruginosa 1244 is glycosylated with an oligosaccharide that is structurally identical to the o-antigen repeating unit of this organism. concordantly, the metabolic source of the pilin glycan is the o-antigen biosynthetic pathway. the present study was conducted to investigate glycan substrate recognition in the 1244 pilin glycosylation reaction. comparative structural analysis of o subunits that had been previously shown to be compatible with the 1244 glycosylation mach ... | 2006 | 16740931 |
| proteomic analysis of campylobacter jejuni 11168 biofilms reveals a role for the motility complex in biofilm formation. | campylobacter jejuni remains the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in developed countries, and yet little is known concerning the mechanisms by which this fastidious organism survives within its environment. we have demonstrated that c. jejuni 11168 can form biofilms on a variety of surfaces. proteomic analyses of planktonic and biofilm-grown cells demonstrated differences in protein expression profiles between the two growth modes. proteins involved in the motility complex, including t ... | 2006 | 16740937 |
| glycosylation of b-type flagellin of pseudomonas aeruginosa: structural and genetic basis. | the flagellin of pseudomonas aeruginosa can be classified into two major types-a-type or b-type-which can be distinguished on the basis of molecular weight and reactivity with type-specific antisera. flagellin from the a-type strain pak was shown to be glycosylated with a heterogeneous o-linked glycan attached to thr189 and ser260. here we show that b-type flagellin from strain pao1 is also posttranslationally modified with an excess mass of up to 700 da, which cannot be explained through phosph ... | 2006 | 16740946 |
| the lipid a 1-phosphatase of helicobacter pylori is required for resistance to the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin. | modification of the phosphate groups of lipid a with amine-containing substituents, such as phosphoethanolamine, reduces the overall net negative charge of gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide, thereby lowering its affinity to cationic antimicrobial peptides. modification of the 1 position of helicobacter pylori lipid a is a two-step process involving the removal of the 1-phosphate group by a lipid a phosphatase, lpxehp (hp0021), followed by the addition of a phosphoethanolamine residue ca ... | 2006 | 16740959 |
| ecology of antibiotic resistance genes: characterization of enterococci from houseflies collected in food settings. | in this project, enterococci from the digestive tracts of 260 houseflies (musca domestica l.) collected from five restaurants were characterized. houseflies frequently (97% of the flies were positive) carried enterococci (mean, 3.1 x 10(3) cfu/fly). using multiplex pcr, 205 of 355 randomly selected enterococcal isolates were identified and characterized. the majority of these isolates were enterococcus faecalis (88.2%); in addition, 6.8% were e. faecium, and 4.9% were e. casseliflavus. e. faecal ... | 2006 | 16751512 |
| competitive metagenomic dna hybridization identifies host-specific microbial genetic markers in cow fecal samples. | several pcr methods have recently been developed to identify fecal contamination in surface waters. in all cases, researchers have relied on one gene or one microorganism for selection of host-specific markers. here we describe the application of a genome fragment enrichment (gfe) method to identify host-specific genetic markers from fecal microbial community dna. as a proof of concept, bovine fecal dna was challenged against a porcine fecal dna background to select for bovine-specific dna seque ... | 2006 | 16751515 |
| temporal prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter spp. from beef cattle in alberta feedlots. | antimicrobial resistance (amr) was temporally assessed in campylobacters isolated from beef cattle (7,738 fecal samples from 2,622 animals) in four commercial feedlots in alberta. all calves were administered chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline in feed, and a majority of the animals (93%) were injected with long-acting oxytetracycline upon arrival at the feedlot. fecal samples from individual animals were collected upon arrival (i.e., entry sample), 69 days (standard deviation [sd] = 3 days) a ... | 2006 | 16751519 |
| use of copper cast alloys to control escherichia coli o157 cross-contamination during food processing. | the most notable method of infection from escherichia coli o157 (e. coli o157) is through contaminated food products, usually ground beef. the objective of this study was to evaluate seven cast copper alloys (61 to 95% cu) for their ability to reduce the viability of e. coli o157, mixed with or without ground beef juice, and to compare these results to those for stainless steel. e. coli o157 (nctc 12900) (2 x 10(7) cfu) mixed with extracted beef juice (25%) was inoculated onto coupons of each co ... | 2006 | 16751537 |
| atypical helicobacter canadensis strains associated with swine. | forty-two helicobacter isolates were isolated from swine feces in the netherlands and denmark. all 12 isolates sequenced (16s rrna gene) formed a robust clade with helicobacter canadensis ( approximately 99% similarity). species-specific pcr indicated that all of the isolates were h. canadensis isolates. although the appearance of the porcine isolates was similar to the appearance of h. canadensis, only one of these isolates was able to hydrolyze indoxyl acetate, a cardinal characteristic of thi ... | 2006 | 16751570 |
| is the major increase in notified campylobacteriosis in new zealand real? | notifications of campylobacteriosis by new zealand medical practitioners have increased steadily in the last two decades. to determine if this increase is real, as opposed to a surveillance artefact, we examined both available notification (1980-2003) and hospitalization data (1995-2003). the similarity in the temporal pattern of increasing hospitalizations for campylobacteriosis, with that of notifications, is suggestive that this increase is indeed real. although some risk factors for this dis ... | 2007 | 16753076 |
| is the major increase in notified campylobacteriosis in new zealand real? | notifications of campylobacteriosis by new zealand medical practitioners have increased steadily in the last two decades. to determine if this increase is real, as opposed to a surveillance artefact, we examined both available notification (1980-2003) and hospitalization data (1995-2003). the similarity in the temporal pattern of increasing hospitalizations for campylobacteriosis, with that of notifications, is suggestive that this increase is indeed real. although some risk factors for this dis ... | 2007 | 16753076 |
| nongastric helicobacter species detected in the intestinal tract of children. | the presence of members of the family helicobacteraceae in the colon of children was investigated using pcr, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and fluorescent in situ hybridization. the rate of detection of species belonging to the helicobacteraceae family in children with inflammatory bowel disease (92%) and irritable bowel syndrome (100%) was found to be significantly higher than that in healthy children (25%) (p < 0.05). | 2006 | 16757639 |
| an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni associated with consumption of chicken, copenhagen, 2005. | in may/june 2005 an outbreak of diarrhoeal illness occurred among company employees in copenhagen. cases were reported from seven of eight companies that received food from the same catering kitchen. stool specimens from three patients from two companies were positive for campylobacter jejuni. we performed a retrospective cohort study among employees exposed to canteen food in the three largest companies to identify the source of the outbreak and to prevent further spread. using self-administere ... | 2006 | 16757851 |
| the dynamics of antimicrobial-resistant campylobacter jejuni on japanese broiler farms. | we investigated for dynamics of campylobacter clones on 2 different managerial broiler farms. campylobacter isolates were differentiated by resistance typing and molecular typing methods. on farm i, the same c. jejuni clones resistant to fluoroquinolone and oxytetracycline were isolated after one and half years again and another susceptible clone was invaded. the susceptible clone was isolated again after half year. broiler flocks on the farm may be repeatedly infected with a few c. jejuni clone ... | 2006 | 16757899 |
| defenses against oxidative stress in neisseria gonorrhoeae: a system tailored for a challenging environment. | neisseria gonorrhoeae is a host-adapted pathogen that colonizes primarily the human genitourinary tract. this bacterium encounters reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species as a consequence of localized inflammatory responses in the urethra of males and endocervix of females and also of the activity of commensal lactobacilli in the vaginal flora. this review describes recent advances in the understanding of defense systems against oxidative stress in n. gonorrhoeae and shows that while some ... | 2006 | 16760307 |
| biology of pseudomonas stutzeri. | pseudomonas stutzeri is a nonfluorescent denitrifying bacterium widely distributed in the environment, and it has also been isolated as an opportunistic pathogen from humans. over the past 15 years, much progress has been made in elucidating the taxonomy of this diverse taxonomical group, demonstrating the clonality of its populations. the species has received much attention because of its particular metabolic properties: it has been proposed as a model organism for denitrification studies; many ... | 2006 | 16760312 |
| an intervention-control study of corralling of free-ranging chickens to control campylobacter infections among children in a peruvian periurban shantytown. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of diarrhea among children in developing countries. since free-ranging chickens are a major source of campylobacter infections, we hypothesized that corralling of these chickens would result in decreased rates of campylobacter infections and campylobacter-related diarrhea. we tested this hypothesis in peruvian families in a periruban shantytown with free-ranging chickens and randomized by household using a (corralling) intervention versus control study desig ... | 2006 | 16760519 |
| genome-wide transcriptional analysis of temperature shift in l. interrogans serovar lai strain 56601. | leptospira interrogans is an important mammalian pathogen. transmission from an environmental source requires adaptation to a range of new environmental conditions in the organs and tissues of the infected host. several studies have shown that a shift in culture temperature from 28 degrees c to 37 degrees c, similar to that encountered during infection of a host from an environmental source, is associated with differential synthesis of several proteins of the outer membrane, periplasm and cytopl ... | 2006 | 16762078 |
| clinical relevance of virulence genes in campylobacter jejuni isolates in bahrain. | there are no data describing the genetic make-up of campylobacter strains (an important aetiological agent of diarrhoea) circulating in the arabian gulf region. here, the molecular characterization of two virulence genes in campylobacter jejuni from bahrain and the relationship with clinical infection are reported. molecular screening for cytolethal distending toxin (cdtb) and invasion-associated marker (iam) genes was carried out on c. jejuni stool isolates collected from january 2002 to januar ... | 2006 | 16772409 |
| a survey of foodborne pathogens in bulk tank milk and raw milk consumption among farm families in pennsylvania. | a 2-part study was conducted to determine the risk of exposure to human pathogens from raw milk. the first part of the study focused on determining raw milk consumption habits of dairy producers. a total of 248 dairy producers from 16 counties in pennsylvania were surveyed. overall, 105 (42.3%) of the 248 dairy producers consumed raw milk and 170 (68.5%) of the 248 dairy producers were aware of foodborne pathogens in raw milk. dairy producers who were not aware of foodborne pathogens in raw milk ... | 2006 | 16772561 |
| survival and stress induced expression of groel and rpod of campylobacter jejuni from different growth phases. | although campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial diarrhoeal disease in humans worldwide, its potential to adapt to the stressful conditions and survive in extra-intestinal environment is still poorly understood. we tested the effect of heat shock (55 degrees c, 3 min) and oxidative stress (3 mm h2o2 for 10 min or prolonged incubation at atmosphere oxygen concentration) on non-starved and starved cells of campylobacter jejuni from different growth phases. viability as assessed with ... | 2006 | 16782221 |
| numerical analysis of dna microarray data of campylobacter jejuni strains correlated with survival, cytolethal distending toxin and haemolysin analyses. | molecular epidemiological studies of the enteric pathogen campylobacter jejuni have suggested that not all animal isolates are equally pathogenic to humans. we examined the use of numerical analysis of whole-genomotype data as a potential tool for evaluating c. jejuni virulence potential. whole-genome microarray analysis was used to determine the gene-level complementarity of 12 danish strains to the pathogenic, genome-sequenced strain nctc 11168. cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) and haemolysin ... | 2006 | 16782402 |
| comparison of the rpoh-dependent regulon and general stress response in neisseria gonorrhoeae. | in the gammaproteobacteria the rpoh regulon is often equated with the stress response, as the regulon contains many of the genes that encode what have been termed heat shock proteins that deal with the presence of damaged proteins. however, the betaproteobacteria primarily utilize the hrca repressor protein to control genes involved in the stress response. we used genome-wide transcriptional profiling to compare the rpoh regulon and stress response of neisseria gonorrhoeae, a member of the betap ... | 2006 | 16788186 |
| isolation of campylobacter jejuni from patients with diarrhea. | | 1984 | 16789269 |
| who ate whom? adaptive helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines. | helicobacter pylori infection of humans is so old that its population genetic structure reflects that of ancient human migrations. a closely related species, helicobacter acinonychis, is specific for large felines, including cheetahs, lions, and tigers, whereas hosts more closely related to humans harbor more distantly related helicobacter species. this observation suggests a jump between host species. but who ate whom and when did it happen? in order to resolve this question, we determined the ... | 2006 | 16789826 |