| [reduction of antibiotic treatment of bacterial meningitis in children. value of c-reactive protein monitoring]. | the duration of antibiotic treatment of bacterial meningitis is always a topical issue. in our study (58 children), 21 of 24 meningococcal meningitis were treated for 4 or 5 days, 16 of 22 haemophilus influenzae and 4 of 6 pneumococcal meningitis were treated for 7 days without increase in neurologic sequelae. a return of blood crp levels to normal values was observed in all these patients simultaneously. thus, crp seems to be a good biological parameter for discussing treatment discontinuation. ... | 1990 | 2078122 |
| haemophilus influenzae meningitis in older children. | | 1990 | 2078227 |
| the sore throat. when to investigate and when to prescribe. | sore throats are most commonly due to infections, many of which are viral and do not require specific treatment. symptoms and signs of the common cold, influenza or croup, the occurrence of conjunctivitis in some adenoviral infections, generalised lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly in glandular fever or the presence of vesicles characteristic of herpangina (coxsackie a virus) or of herpes simplex infection, occasionally enable a clinical diagnosis and avoid the need for antibiotic therapy. in the ... | 1990 | 2079000 |
| in-vitro activity of sparfloxacin, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent. | the in-vitro activity of sparfloxacin (at-4140), a new difluorinated quinolone, was compared with those of ciprofloxacin, temafloxacin and selected members of other groups of antimicrobial agents, against 651 recent distinct clinical isolates and strains with known mechanisms of resistance. three strains of chlamydia trachomatis were also studied. the mics for 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were between 0.06 and 1 mg/l; for pseudomonas aeruginosa the mic90 was 2 mg/l. sparfloxacin was 16-fold mor ... | 1990 | 2079449 |
| phorbol esters modulate the high ca2(+)-stimulated accumulation of inositol phosphates in bovine parathyroid cells. | we examined the effects of tpa on the high ca2(+)-stimulated accumulation of inositol phosphates in bovine parathyroid cells to determine whether protein kinase c modulates phosphoinositide turnover in a fashion similar to that observed in other cell types stimulated by more classic ca2+ mobilizing hormones. following exposure of parathyroid cells to tpa (10(-6) m) for 10 or 30 minutes, there was a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of the accumulation of inositol monophosphate (ip), inositol b ... | 1990 | 2080713 |
| phorbol esters modulate the high ca2(+)-stimulated accumulation of inositol phosphates in bovine parathyroid cells. | we examined the effects of tpa on the high ca2(+)-stimulated accumulation of inositol phosphates in bovine parathyroid cells to determine whether protein kinase c modulates phosphoinositide turnover in a fashion similar to that observed in other cell types stimulated by more classic ca2+ mobilizing hormones. following exposure of parathyroid cells to tpa (10(-6) m) for 10 or 30 minutes, there was a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of the accumulation of inositol monophosphate (ip), inositol b ... | 1990 | 2080713 |
| selection and transformation of non-beta-lactamase-mediated insusceptibility to beta-lactams in haemophilus influenzae: lack of cross-resistance between carbapenems and other agents. | non-beta-lactamase-mediated insusceptibility to beta-lactams was studied in haemophilus influenzae. mutants resistant to ampicillin were selected in a susceptible isolate, while phenotypically similar resistance was transformed from four wild-type isolates into a susceptible recipient. ampicillin-selected mutants generally had reduced susceptibility to penicillins, cephalosporins and aztreonam. reduced susceptibility to meropenem was less common, and susceptibility to imipenem was unaffected. mi ... | 1990 | 2081716 |
| [evaluation of a latex agglutination method for the rapid identification of campylobacter jejuni/coli]. | a latex agglutination assay was developed to identify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. we evaluated the specificity, reproducibility and utility of the assay for clinical use and the following results were obtained. 1) to prepare standardized antigen, bacterial cells must be suspended to a density of 1 to 5 mcfarland unit, and heated at 121 degrees c for 10 to 30 min. 2) bacterial cells may be suspended either in the solution provided with the kit, or in physiological saline, without ... | 1990 | 2082036 |
| the bex locus in encapsulated haemophilus influenzae: a chromosomal region involved in capsule polysaccharide export. | the nucleotide sequence of a 5.1 kb region in the haemophilus influenzae type b capsulation locus has been determined and found to contain four open reading frames: bexd, bexc, bexb, and bexa. comparison of the deduced products of bexc, bexb, and bexa to known proteins, and tnphoa mutagenesis, suggests that they form components of an atp-driven polysaccharide export apparatus. furthermore, close sequence similarity between bexa and bexb and products of the kpst and kpsm genes at the escherichia ... | 1990 | 2082145 |
| molecular analysis of the escherichia coli k5 kps locus: identification and characterization of an inner-membrane capsular polysaccharide transport system. | the complete nucleotide sequence has been determined of a region of the escherichia coli k5 antigen gene cluster postulated to encode functions for the translocation of capsular polysaccharide across the inner membrane. this revealed two genes, designated kpsm and kpst, organized in a single transcriptional unit. analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the kpsm and kpst proteins indicates that they may function as dual components in a polysaccharide export system analogous to the peripl ... | 1990 | 2082146 |
| luteinizing hormone but not endothelin can induce a calcium signal in the chicken granulosa cell. | using the fluorescent calcium-indicator indo-1 we demonstrated a rapid transient increase of cytosolic calcium level in dispersed chicken granulosa cells in response to 10-100 ng/ml ovine luteinizing hormone (lh). the magnitude of the signal was dose-dependent, it lasted for about 30 seconds and could be provoked even when the extracellular calcium had been chelated by egta. a high, 100 ng/ml concentration of lh abolished completely the responsiveness of these cells to a second exposure to the a ... | 1990 | 2082691 |
| [osteomyelitis in patient with sickle cell disease]. | from 1977 to 1989, 23 children with sickle cell disease were identified as having 21 episodes of acute and 3 episodes of chronic osteomyelitis, respectively. the responsible organisms were found in 17 cases: salmonella (12 cases), coagulase-negative staphylococcus (3 cases). haemophilus influenzae (1 case), escherichia coli (1 case). the mean age was 7 7/12 years. in 15 patients, osteomyelitis occurred in 1 bone; osteomyelitis of more than one bone was recorded in 9 cases. the most commonly affe ... | 1990 | 2082844 |
| [protective effect of a calcium antagonist against renal vasoconstriction induced by endothelin in the normotensive rat]. | we studied the effect of nifedipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, on the hemodynamic changes induced by endothelin, in awake normotensive rats. endothelin (0.07-1.40 nmol/kg, e.v.) caused an initial hypotensive effect, followed by long lasting hypertension. renal blood flow was reduced immediately and still remained below basal levels, at 30 minutes after endothelin injection. nifedipine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly prevented the effect of endothelin on mean blood pressure and induced ... | 1990 | 2083061 |
| antigen-dependent activation of alveolar macrophages from ovalbumin-sensitized guinea-pigs: relevance of the route of administration and the amount of antigen provided. | alveolar macrophages from guinea-pigs sensitized by different amounts of ovalbumin, administered either by subcutaneous injection or aerosol exposure, liberate increased amounts of arachidonic acid and thromboxane b2 when challenged in vitro with ovalbumin. this antigen-dependent activation of macrophages was immunospecific. the comparison between different sensitization procedures showed that the aerosol exposure was the most efficient with respect to the activation of macrophages, as cells fro ... | 1990 | 2083409 |
| cloning of the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase gene from trypanosoma brucei by complementation in escherichia coli. | | 1990 | 2083658 |
| carbohydrate sparing and storage during the starved to fed transition. | | 1990 | 2083693 |
| carbohydrate sparing and storage during the starved to fed transition. | | 1990 | 2083693 |
| a model for the solution conformation of rat ige. | | 1990 | 2083747 |
| inhibition of adhesion of haemophilus influenzae to buccal cells by respiratory secretions. | the ability of salivary secretions and sputum sol from patients with chronic bronchitis to inhibit the adhesion of non-serotypable haemophilus influenzae to human buccal epithelial cells has been examined. specific h. influenzae antibodies were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). saliva and sputum levels of anti-h. influenzae immunoglobulin a (iga) antibody were related inversely to buccal cell adherence (r = -0.92). absorption of saliva and sputum sol with h. influenzae re ... | 1990 | 2083954 |
| association of autoimmunity with igg2 and igg4 subclass deficiency in a growth hormone-deficient child. | an association between humoral immune deficiency and childhood autoimmune disease has been previously established. we describe a 7-year-old male with severe autoimmune disease, recurrent infections, a marked deficiency of igg2 and igg4, and an inability to respond to polysaccharide antigens. this child was also found to have isolated growth hormone (gh) deficiency. laboratory results included a positive anti-smooth muscle antibody, a positive raji-cell assay for immune complexes, and normal leve ... | 1990 | 2084146 |
| the second european collaborative study on the frequency of antimicrobial resistance in haemophilus influenzae. | in the second european survey of the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in haemophilus influenzae, 2529 clinical isolates collected in 1988/89 from 78 laboratories in nine countries (austria, belgium, federal republic of germany, france, italy, the netherlands, spain, switzerland, united kingdom) were examined. of these, 23.8% were type b strains. the overall rate of beta-lactamase production was 9.1%, being slightly higher in type b isolates (10.5%) compared to non-type b isolates (8.6%). t ... | 1990 | 2086216 |
| prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in haemophilus influenzae in greece, israel, lebanon and morocco. | between 40 and 43 haemophilus influenzae isolates obtained from greece, lebanon, israel and morocco respectively (a total of 167 strains) were analysed for prevalence of resistance to six different drugs. of these isolates 12.6% produced beta-lactamase and were resistant to ampicillin. all isolates, except a single strain from greece, were susceptible to cefaclor. the frequency of resistance to chloramphenicol and tetracycline was below 2%. the frequency of isolates susceptible and resistant to ... | 1990 | 2086217 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. ipm had significantly high activity against st ... | 1990 | 2086814 |
| [bacteremic pneumonia caused by haemophilus influenzae cured with oral erythromycin]. | | 1990 | 2090241 |
| [meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae: a pathology on the increase]. | | 1990 | 2090243 |
| corticosteroids and bacterial meningitis. | despite timely and appropriate antimicrobial therapy of bacterial meningitis, neurologic sequelae still occur in some children. this also remains true for the third generation cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone and cefotaxime despite their extraordinary high bactericidal titers in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with bacterial meningitis. the most effective way to prevent neurologic damage in these patients is to prevent the infection from developing in the first place. this may be achievabl ... | 1990 | 2091256 |
| the immunology of sepsis and meningitis--cytokine biology. | although antibiotics have reduced mortality, the most recent clinical trials in sepsis and meningitis have been directed at the host inflammatory response in an attempt to improve outcome. endotoxin, cell wall constituents and toxins are potent inducers of small molecular weight proteins (cytokines) from a variety of host cells. several lines of investigation have implicated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) as a cytokine mediator of sepsis and septic shock. a recent study has been able to ... | 1990 | 2091257 |
| immunological approaches for manipulation of animal growth, body composition and fecundity. | the ability to manipulate certain physiological processes by using the immune system, so as to regulate endocrine secretions and/or actions is clearly possible. the dramatic effects of immunocastration and the ability to increase ovulation rates in sheep are probably the best examples. other approaches along similar lines have produced equivocal results, the effects of immunization against somatostatin being the most notable case. although anti-idiotypic antibody approaches to producing hormone ... | 1990 | 2094276 |
| electron microscopic studies of medullary synaptic inputs to vasopressin-containing neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. | we have observed the ascending projections from the lower brain stem to the magnocellular vasopressin-like immunoreactive (vp-li) neurosecretory neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (pvn) using electron microscopy. the tissues were prepared by a double labeling technique combining anterograde tracing after iontophoretic injection of wheat germ agglutinin-coupled horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) in the a1 group (lateral reticular nucleus in the medulla oblongata) with vp immunocytochemistry. bo ... | 1990 | 2094755 |
| diethylbarbiturate potentiation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonate-induced rhodanese inactivation. | the rate of rhodanese inactivation by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonate is increased in the presence of diethylbarbiturate in the reaction medium. a "rate saturation effect" indicates the formation of a rhodanese-diethylbarbiturate complex, prior to modification-induced enzyme inactivation. the dissociation constant of this complex is 19.0 mm. diethylbarbiturate has no effect on the trinitrophenylation rate of the free amino groups of rhodanese. when rhodanese modification, in the presence of diet ... | 1990 | 2094768 |
| over 80% of noti sites are associated with cpg rich islands in the sequenced human dna. | clones containing dna segments linked to noti sites are not only useful for ordering the noti fragments fractionated by pulsed field gel, but also valuable in the search of unknown genes, because they often contain the cpg rich islands and genes related with them. to know the probability of association of noti sites with cpg rich islands, we screened 5,188 sequences accumulated in dna data base for the presence of noti site and examined the distribution of cpgs around them. the sequential calcul ... | 1990 | 2094776 |
| effect of methamphetamine on rotational behavior induced by anodal polarization of the substantia nigra in rats. | the effect of methamphetamine (mamp) on rotational behaviour was studied in rats after unilateral application of an anodal direct current (3 microa, 30 min) to the substantia nigra pars compacta (snc). the current application induced a transient increase of contralateral rotation which declined within 30 min. an intraperitoneal injection of mamp enhanced the effects of the direct current for more than 60 min. the results suggest that anodal direct currents induce activation of nigrostriatal dopa ... | 1990 | 2094787 |
| [features of structure-activity organization of prolactin]. | the secondary structure of seven hormones of the prolactin family was predicted by two known prediction algorithms with the following averaging of the results for the whole homologous group of proteins. it was shown that the mentioned hormones are related to the alpha-helical type of protein molecules. the comparative analysis of the prolactin family and the kindred growth hormone family has been carried out on different levels of their structural organization. a conclusion is drawn, that despit ... | 1990 | 2094806 |
| [phosphorylation of tryptophanyl-trna-synthetase by casein kinase type ii]. | incubation of tryptophanyl-trna synthetase from bovine pancrease with [gamma-32p]atp of [gamma-32p]gtp and casein kinase ii from rabbit liver leads to the incorporation of labeled phosphate into serine residues of synthetase polypeptide. the maximal level of 32p incorporation into synthetase polypeptide (mr = 60 kda) 0.15 moles of 32p per 1 mole of polypeptide was observed. electrophoretic analysis according to o'farrell showed that kinase phosphorylates exclusively the most acidic polypeptides ... | 1990 | 2094810 |
| structural and histochemical reorganization of the human prefrontal cortex during perinatal and postnatal life. | | 1990 | 2094895 |
| anatomical correlates of behavioural change after neonatal prefrontal lesions in rats. | | 1990 | 2094896 |
| [meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae: study of 28 cases]. | 28 cases of haemophilus influenzae meningitis were retrospectively treated in a children's hospital between october 1980 and march 1987. the average age was between 23 +/- 36 months, ranged between 3 months and 13 years. eight were females and 20 males (1/2.5). antibiograms were obtained from 14 samples (50%), 36% was resistant to ampicillin, 7% to chloramphenicol and 7% to both. all patients, with two exceptions, were treated with third generation cephalosporins. during the hospitalization peri ... | 1990 | 2096753 |
| [specific hyposensitization of microbial allergy by using a synthetic artificial polyelectrolyte]. | in this work the effectiveness of complex immunotherapy, including specific inhalation hyposensitization with the introduction of artificial synthetic polyelectrolite, was studied. specific allergen produced a good effect (75%) in the inhalation hyposensitization of hemophilic allergy. the intramuscular injection of artificial synthetic polyelectrolite, made in addition to the inhalation of allergen, produced a better desensitizing effect than the separate administration of allergen or polyelect ... | 1990 | 2097851 |
| [antimicrobial resistance of haemophilus influenzae isolated outside of the hospital]. | a total of 209 h. influenzae strains isolated from follow-up patients were studied. twenty eight strains were serotype b (13.4%), 82 corresponded to type i of kilian (39.2%), and 41 produced beta-lactamase (19.6%). strains were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (sxt) in 79.9% of cases, to the erythromycin in 18.2%, to tetracycline in 16.7%, to chloramphenicol in 13.8%, and to cefaclor in 0.1% of instances. there were no strains resistant to cefotaxime nor to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. ... | 1990 | 2098122 |
| [psychological management in critical care units. history of a long way]. | some concepts of the general systems theory issued from the social sciences are used by liaison psychiatrist and psychologist in the intensive care unit. human system, interaction process and circular causality, all concepts from the systemic approach, are useful in order to describe and analyse both vital and existential crisis situation of the patient. as an expansion of the therapeutic context, the relationship among the patient, the family and the medical team are defined in terms of a partn ... | 1990 | 2099637 |
| bacterial agents associated with bronchopulmonary disorders in eastern nigeria. | altogether 16,539 sputum specimens were examined microbiologically from 1980 to 1984. out of these 12,588 were screened by ziehl-neelsen's staining technique and 782 were (6.3%) found afb-positive. age and sex distributions of the afb-positive individuals were statistically significant (at 0.05), incidence being most prevalent among those 20 years and above (90.2%) and among males (61.2%). from other specimens cultured, non-afb organisms were isolated at the following frequencies: coliform-like ... | 1990 | 2101201 |
| [use of runac in patients with infections of the lower respiratory tract]. | thirty patients went through the outpatient treatment. causative agent was established in sputum, throat and nose smears of 26 patients. streptococcus pneumoniae (56%) and haemophilus influenze (30%) are mostly isolated. good effects of the medicine is characteristic by quick withdrawal of the symptoms characteristic for respiratory tract infections (cough and expectoration, febrility, physical finding) as well as by debacillosis after 10 days therapy. the effective result of medicine has been p ... | 1990 | 2101948 |
| [haemophilus influenzae type b: subtyping of strains isolated from respiratory infections using the outer membrane protein profiles]. | sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) applied to outer membrane protein (omp), extracted by a micromethod, was employed to subtype h. influenza b type i. a total of 37 h. influenzae b strains were isolated from children under 4 years of age, either with lower acute respiratory infection (lari), or asymptomatic carriers matched according sex, socioeconomic level and seasonality. twenty seven out of the 37 h. influenzae b strains belonged to biotype i. on the basis ... | 1990 | 2102010 |
| role of threonine residue 154 in ligand recognition of the tar chemoreceptor in escherichia coli. | the tar chemoreceptor of escherichia coli mediates attractant responses to aspartate, maltose, and phenol, repellent responses to ni2+ and co2+, and thermoresponses. to understand the role of threonine residue 154, which is located in the ligand-binding domain of tar, we replaced the residue with serine, isoleucine, and proline by site-directed mutagenesis. the replacements caused reductions in aspartate sensing but had only a small effect on maltose sensing and almost no effect on phenol sensin ... | 1990 | 2104606 |
| a gene that encodes a protein consisting solely of zinc finger domains is preferentially expressed in transformed mouse cells. | we describe the cloning and characterization of the mouse mok-2 gene, a new member of the krüppel family of zinc finger proteins. sequencing of both cdna and genomic clones showed that the predicted mok-2 protein consists of seven zinc finger domains with only five additional amino acids. the finger domains of mok-2 are highly homologous to one another but not to those of other zinc finger proteins. mok-2 is preferentially expressed in transformed cell lines, brain tissue, and testis tissue. its ... | 1990 | 2104662 |
| treatment of suppurative arthritis by percutaneous catheter drainage. | percutaneous catheter drainage to treat suppurative arthritis was performed in five joints in five patients. joints drained included the hip in two cases and one case each of a hip joint prosthesis, an ankle joint, and a glenohumeral joint. organisms isolated from the joints included staphylococcus aureus in one hip joint and the hip prosthesis, and haemophilus influenzae in the ankle joint. specific organisms were not isolated in the other hip joint or in the shoulder joint. systemic antibiotic ... | 1990 | 2104697 |
| the effect of high-dose salmon calcitonin on bone mineral metabolism in the normal rat. | the paucity of information on the effect of long-term high-dose salmon calcitonin administration on normal bone mineral metabolism and histology prompted an investigation of the influence of high-dose synthetic calcitonin in the rat. serum ionized calcium, osteocalcin or bgp (bone gla protein), and immunoreactive pth were measured serially during calcitonin administration and bone histomorphometry analyzed at 6 weeks (after sacrifice). daily injections of salmon calcitonin, 0.4 iu/100 g (group b ... | 1990 | 2104771 |
| polymorphonuclear leukocytes induced vasoconstriction in isolated canine coronary arteries. | to assess how polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) act on coronary vasoactivity, we measured the changes in isometric tension of isolated rings of canine coronary arteries upon addition of autologous pmns to organ chambers in which the rings were suspended. when pmns isolated by the colloidal polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silica (percoll) gradient method were added to the chambers, ring preparations of left circumflex coronary arteries developed isometric tension. the increase in tension was depend ... | 1990 | 2104786 |
| expression of autoantibodies to recombinant (u1) rnp-associated 70k antigen in systemic lupus erythematosus. | to determine the specificity of antibodies to the (u1) ribonucleoprotein antigen in systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), patient sera were tested for binding to a recombinant human 70k antigen. by solid-phase immunoassay, we detected anti-70k reactivity in sera from 31 of 96 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), demonstrating that anti-70k antibodies may occur in patients with sle as well as other clinical diagnoses. in sequential sera from 2 of these patients, we found that anti-70k ... | 1990 | 2104788 |
| genetics of capsular polysaccharide production in bacteria. | | 1990 | 2105187 |
| capsular polysaccharides as vaccine candidates. | | 1990 | 2105188 |
| localization of the cleavage site specificity determinant of haemophilus influenzae immunoglobulin a1 protease genes. | immunoglobulin a1 (iga1) proteases are produced by a number of different species of bacteria which cause infection at human mucosal surfaces. the sole substrate of these proteases is human iga1. cleavage is within the hinge region of iga1, although there is variability in the exact peptide bond within the hinge region that is cut by a particular protease. the cleavage site of the haemophilus influenzae type 1 protease is located four amino acids from the cleavage site of the type 2 enzyme. in th ... | 1990 | 2105270 |
| inhibition of iga1 proteinases from neisseria gonorrhoeae and hemophilus influenzae by peptide prolyl boronic acids. | the alpha-aminoboronic acid analog of proline has been synthesized and incorporated into a number of peptides as the cooh-terminal residue. these peptide prolyl boronic acids are potent inhibitors of both the type 1 and type 2 iga proteinases from neisseria gonorrhoeae and hemophilus influenzae, but not of the functionally similar iga proteinase from streptococcus sanguis. the best inhibitors synthesized thus far have ki values in the nanomolar range (4.0 to 60 nm). these results indicate that t ... | 1990 | 2105953 |
| human polysaccharide-specific b cells are responsive to pokeweed mitogen and il-6. | the responsiveness of polysaccharide-specific b cells to pwm was examined in vitro. spleen cells from six patients immunized with haemophilus influenzae type b-diphtheria toxoid, pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines were t cell-depleted and separated by percoll density gradient centrifugation. in each b cell fraction, spontaneous antibody production was demonstrated to capsular polysaccharides as well as diphtheria toxoid. the peak of spontaneous antibody production was demonstrated to be fiv ... | 1990 | 2105993 |
| increased resolution of lipopolysaccharides and lipooligosaccharides utilizing tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | we utilized the recently described tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (tsds-page) system to study the lipooligosaccharides (los) and lipopolysaccharides (lps) of gram negative bacteria. tsds-page resulted in a high degree of resolution of los and lps in the 'mini-gel' format. tsds-page resulted in the los and lps migrating as a function of their mr during electrophoresis and allowed estimation of mr from a protein standard. several species of los were analyzed. the ... | 1990 | 2106001 |
| incidence and etiology of conjunctivitis in navy recruits. | recruit sick call at the naval training center, great lakes, illinois was monitored for cases of conjunctivitis during two 2-week periods in march in 1981 and 1982. twenty-three cases were detected. the incidence of conjunctivitis was 1.1 cases per 1000 recruits per week. peak incidence occurred during the third and fourth weeks of training and two recruit companies had multiple cases. conjunctival cultures for viruses and chlamydia trachomatis were negative in all cases. concurrent cultures of ... | 1990 | 2106632 |
| antibodies against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis in middle ear effusion during early phase of acute otitis media. | serum type (igg, igm and iga-class) and secretory type antibodies specific to streptococcus pneumoniae (pn), haemophilus influenzae (hi) and branhamella catarrhalis (br) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in 46 serum and 114 middle ear effusion (mee) samples from 85 children with acute otitis media (aom). the samples were obtained within 12 h from the onset of the ear symptoms. serum (but not secretory) type antibodies to the infecting pn serotype were found in 24% of the ... | 1990 | 2106760 |
| occurrence of middle ear pathogens in the nasopharynx of young individuals. a quantitative study in four age groups. | colonization of middle ear pathogens (s. pneumoniae, h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis), potential pathogens (s. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci) and non-pathogens was determined quantitatively on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx (nph) of children (four age groups: under 2 years, 2-5 years, 6-10 years and 11-15 years). none of the 90 individuals examined was suffering at the time of bacterial sampling from acute otitis media (aom), sinusitis, or tonsillitis. all individuals under ... | 1990 | 2106762 |
| the role of bacterial adhesion in cystic fibrosis including the staphylococcal aspect. | the bacteriology of cystic fibrosis shows a unique and predictable progression of colonizing micro-organisms. the reason for this sequence is still not known, but thought must be given to the idea that it may be related to the genetic disorder in some way. if this were to be true, an understanding of the colonization mechanisms at all stages in this progression could provide valuable insights for the development of novel therapies. as far as can be ascertained from published studies, mucus is th ... | 1990 | 2107148 |
| distribution and excretion of capsular antigen after immunization with haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein conjugate vaccine. | the occurrence of haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide antigenemia and antigenuria following immunization was studied in 48 healthy 2-month-old infants. each received a conjugate vaccine consisting of h. influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide covalently linked to neisseria meningitidis serotype b outer membrane protein at 2 and 4 months of age. infants were alternated at enrollment for collection of blood and urine after either the first or second dose. specimens were obtaine ... | 1990 | 2107266 |
| comparative immune responses to haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide and a polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine. | | 1990 | 2107516 |
| immunogenicity of a new haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (meningococcal protein conjugate) (pedvaxhib). | haemophilus influenzae type b is responsible for an estimated 15,000 to 20,000 cases of meningitis per year in the united states, mainly in children 2 months to 5 years old. the mortality rate from meningitis due to h influenzae type b infections ranges from 5% to 10%. despite antibiotic treatment, up to 35% of survivors have permanent neurologic sequelae. in addition to meningitis, h. influenzae type b is responsible for other invasive infections, including epiglottitis, septicemia, cellulitis, ... | 1990 | 2107517 |
| haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (meningococcal protein conjugate) (pedvaxhib): clinical evaluation. | although systemic infections caused by haemophilus influenzae type b occur worldwide, detailed epidemiologic data are available in but a few countries. the public health impact of morbidity, mortality, and serious sequelae from disease caused by h influenzae type b has stimulated the search for control strategies. in the united states now, active immunoprophylaxis is largely favored over treatment of prophylaxis with antibiotics. this preference stems from three major observations: that high mor ... | 1990 | 2107518 |
| safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of concurrent administration of haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (meningococcal protein conjugate) with either measles-mumps-rubella vaccine or diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis and oral poliovirus vaccines in 14- to 23-month-old infants. | in 1985, the first capsular polysaccharide (polyribosylribitol-phosphate [prp]) vaccine for haemophilus influenzae type b was licensed and recommended for routine use in children between 24 and 60 months of age. in the united states, approximately 75% to 90% of invasive disease due to h influenzae type b occurs in infants younger than 24 months, a population for whom h influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine is inadequately immunogenic and protective. in an effort to enhance the immunogenicity ... | 1990 | 2107519 |
| haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (meningococcal protein conjugate): immunogenicity and safety at various doses. | the haemophilus influenzae vaccine consisting of purified type b capsular polysaccharide (polyribosylribitol-phosphate [prp]) was shown in finland to be protective, with 90% efficacy in children older than 18 to 23 months of age. however, a wide range of estimates of vaccine efficacy has been reported in the united states after its licensure in 1985. these estimates range from -55% to +89%. in addition, the prp vaccine was not effective in children younger than 18 months of age, in whom 70% to 8 ... | 1990 | 2107520 |
| opsonophagocidal activity in sera from infants and children immunized with haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (meningococcal protein conjugate). | immunization with haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide (polyribosylribitol-phosphate [prp]) has resulted in limited and variable antibody radioimmunoassay in infants younger than 2 years of age. although an h influenzae type b vaccine has been in use for several years, it is not used now for the age group at greatest risk for disease. in an effort to enhance immunogenicity, prp has been coupled to various carrier proteins and to an outer membrane protein complex (ompc) from neis ... | 1990 | 2107521 |
| disease caused by haemophilus influenzae type b in the immediate period after homologous immunization: immunologic investigation. | several haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines have been licensed and recommended for administration to children in the united states. these vaccines have consisted of purified polyribosylribitol-phosphate (prp), the capsular polysaccharide of h influenzae type b, alone or covalently bound to one of several carrier proteins. two of these saccharide-protein conjugate vaccines are now licensed, a polysaccharide-diphtheria toxoid conjugate (prp-d) and an oligosaccharide-mutant diphtheria toxin conj ... | 1990 | 2107522 |
| effectiveness of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines. | to determine the clinical effectiveness of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccines. study identification and selection: computerized searches of medline, embase and scisearch databases were performed, and the reference list of each retrieved article was reviewed. two prospective clinical trials of hib polyribosyl ribitol phosphate conjugated with diphtheria toxoid (prp-d) were identified. in addition, one cohort study of the prp-d vaccine, two trials of the prp vaccine, five case-control st ... | 1990 | 2107962 |
| frequent isolation of capnophilic bacteria in aspirate from bartholin's gland abscesses and cysts. | aspirate samples were obtained from 73 patients undergoing surgery for a bartholin's gland abscess or cyst. capnophilic bacteria were isolated from 22% of cases, in contrast to previous reports of sporadic isolation. the three streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were serotype 3 or 4. the eight haemophilus influenzae isolates could not be serotyped; six of them were biotype ii but the electrophoretic band patterns of their outer membrane proteins were heterogeneous, indicating that non-serotypable ... | 1990 | 2108028 |
| supplementary statement: change in administration schedule for haemophilus b conjugate vaccines. | | 1990 | 2108313 |
| kappa and lambda light chain composition of antibody to the capsular polysaccharide of haemophilus influenzae type b. | concentrations of total immunoglobulins bearing kappa and lambda light chains were measured in the sera of 215 healthy white children aged 6 months to 10 years. both kappa and lambda concentrations increased with age. however, the concentration of immunoglobulins bearing kappa light chains increased at a greater rate than those bearing lambda light chains (p = .01). thus, the kappa:lambda ratio of the youngest children (6-24 months) was significantly lower than that of the oldest (25-130 months) ... | 1990 | 2109020 |
| immunization of humans with polysaccharide vaccines induces systemic, predominantly polymeric iga2-subclass antibody responses. | ig class- and iga subclass-specific immune responses to protein and polysaccharide ag were studied in serum, external secretions, and at the single cell level in peripheral blood of systemically immunized adults. immunization with tetanus toxoid induced predominantly igg antibody responses in serum and in the pbmc. the iga antibody response was low, and was mostly of the iga1 subclass. in contrast, immunization with polysaccharide ag (haemophilus influenzae type b, neisseria meningitidis serogro ... | 1990 | 2110213 |
| in-vitro activity of ampicillin/sulbactam and other antibiotics against clinical isolates of haemophilus sp. and branhamella catarrhalis. | the ampicillin/sulbactam combination is one of several such drug combinations of a beta-lactam and suicide inhibitor having a wide spectrum of activity. these characteristics induced us to evaluate the in vitro activity of this combination towards 54 strains of haemophilus sp. (38 beta-lactamase producers) and 20 strains of branhamella catarrhalis (16 beta-lactamase producers). all strains were isolated from sputum, sinusal aspiration and tympanocentesis. in the case of haemophilus sp beta-lacta ... | 1990 | 2110245 |
| cost-benefit analysis of haemophilus influenzae type b prevention: conjugate vaccination at eighteen months of age. | a cost-benefit analysis of haemophilus influenzae type b disease preventive strategies was updated to consider evaluation of the h. influenzae type b polysaccharide-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (prp-d) and h. influenzae type b oligosaccharide-mutant diphtheria toxin conjugate vaccine (hboc) for children at 18 months of age. the analysis was done from the perspective of society as a whole. the economic costs of h. influenzae type b disease in the 1988 united states birth cohort would be $2 ... | 1990 | 2110651 |
| reactogenicity and immunogenicity of combined vaccines for bacteraemic diseases caused by haemophilus influenzae type b, meningococci and pneumococci in 24-month-old children. | to find a wide spectrum vaccine against bacteraemic disease in childhood, we immunized 293 finnish children at 24 months of age intramuscularly with different combinations of the currently available vaccines, namely haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine (prp-d) mixed with meningococcal and/or pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccines. all the vaccines were immunogenic. the increase in antibody concentration after vaccinations was not affected by the number of ... | 1990 | 2110703 |
| identification of the calmodulin binding domain of alpha-fodrin and implications for folding. | a cdna clone producing a protein that binds calmodulin has been isolated from a mouse macrophage library. the cdna was sequenced and identified as coding for fodrin. by deleting part of the sequence, the calmodulin binding domain was located. the site is situated on repeat 11 of fodrin probably on its extra arm. this part of the sequence exhibits great similarity to other calmodulin binding proteins. analysis of the sequence and spatial structure of calmodulin revealed a domain which is quite co ... | 1990 | 2111175 |
| [atmospheric pollution of animal origin: the urticating hairs of the processionary caterpillar (thaumetopoea pityocampa schiff.) (insects, lepidoptera)]. | urticating hairs of pine processionary caterpillars are detectable in air using techniques designed for airborne microorganisms and pollen's research. as with pollens, abondance of hairs is correlated with distance of production zone and with local meterological conditions. collected in bordeaux, urticating hairs will be considered for allergists as pollens and other allergic particles. | 1990 | 2111200 |
| embolization of a thoracic aortic aneurysm; the straddling coil technique: technical note. | occlusion of a patent postligated aortic aneurysm was performed percutaneously with modified use of giant steel coils in a 50-year-old man. steel coils were placed across the short, narrowed segment of the aorta. successful thrombosis of entire aortic aneurysm was accomplished. no complications occurred. | 1990 | 2111217 |
| the role of histidine residues in the alpha toxin of clostridium perfringens. | the alpha-toxin (phospholipase c) of clostridium perfringens has been reported to contain catalytically essential zinc ions. we report here that histidine residues are essential for the co-ordination of these ion(s). incubation of alpha toxin with diethylpyrocarbonate, a histidine modifying reagent, did not result in the loss of phospholipase c activity unless the protein was first incubated with edta, suggesting that zinc ions normally protect the susceptible histidine residues. when the amino ... | 1990 | 2111259 |
| the role of histidine residues in the alpha toxin of clostridium perfringens. | the alpha-toxin (phospholipase c) of clostridium perfringens has been reported to contain catalytically essential zinc ions. we report here that histidine residues are essential for the co-ordination of these ion(s). incubation of alpha toxin with diethylpyrocarbonate, a histidine modifying reagent, did not result in the loss of phospholipase c activity unless the protein was first incubated with edta, suggesting that zinc ions normally protect the susceptible histidine residues. when the amino ... | 1990 | 2111259 |
| the changing pattern of antibiotic resistance of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | | 1990 | 2111274 |
| the changing pattern of antibiotic resistance of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | | 1990 | 2111274 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the lethal factor component of bacillus anthracis lethal toxin. | the lethal toxin of bacillus anthracis consists of two components, protective antigen and lethal factor. protective antigen is cleaved after binding to cell receptors, yielding a receptor-bound fragment that binds lethal factor. sixty-one monoclonal antibodies to the lethal factor protein have been characterized for specificity, antibody subtype, and ability to neutralize lethal toxin. three monoclonal antibodies (10g3, 2e7, and 3f6) neutralized lethal toxin in fisher 344 rats. however, in a mac ... | 1990 | 2111283 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the lethal factor component of bacillus anthracis lethal toxin. | the lethal toxin of bacillus anthracis consists of two components, protective antigen and lethal factor. protective antigen is cleaved after binding to cell receptors, yielding a receptor-bound fragment that binds lethal factor. sixty-one monoclonal antibodies to the lethal factor protein have been characterized for specificity, antibody subtype, and ability to neutralize lethal toxin. three monoclonal antibodies (10g3, 2e7, and 3f6) neutralized lethal toxin in fisher 344 rats. however, in a mac ... | 1990 | 2111283 |
| antibiotic resistance in general practice. | with the addition of several new oral antibiotics to those already available, there is the implication that bacterial resistance has become a significant problem in general practice. to test this hypothesis it is worth examining the susceptibilities of the major bacterial pathogens isolated from community based infections. | 1990 | 2111984 |
| [susceptibility of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1987)]. | since 1981, in cooperation with research institutions across the nation, ikemoto, et al. have been collecting clinical isolates from patients with respiratory tract infections and conducting an annual retrospective survey of patients' background factors and of isolated strains and their sensitivities to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics. in the period from october, 1987 to september, 1988, 17 institutions participated in the survey and a total of 706 strains which were demonstrated to ... | 1990 | 2112206 |
| bacterial counts in cerebrospinal fluid of children with meningitis. | eighty-five cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens from the same number of pediatric patients with meningitis were examined to determine the bacterial count and the relationship of this count to the microscopy results, the ages of the patients and the bacterial species isolated. bacterial counts ranged from 2 x 10 to 4 x 10(9) cfu/ml csf. twenty-five percent of the 85 csf specimens positive for haemophilus influenzae type b, neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, escherichia coli k1 and ... | 1990 | 2112465 |
| bacterial isolates and cigarette smoking in patients with chronic bronchitis: results from an italian multicenter survey. | patients who were cigarette smokers suffering exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were examined in eight outpatient clinics in five regions of italy, three from the south (campania, 82 patients; sicily, 82 patients; and puglia, 29 patients) and two from north (lombardy, 33 patients; and liguria, 50 patients). haemophilus influenzae was the most frequently isolated bacterium in the patients' sputum (in 30% of the total group), followed by streptococcus pneumoniae (in 20%), staphylococcus aureus ( ... | 1990 | 2112984 |
| bacterial findings in middle ear effusion in children. | during 1983-87, tympanostomy tubes were inserted in a total of 4952 ears of 2575 children remitted to the ent department of our hospital because of chronic or recurrent otitis media problems. the children were included in a prospective study and referred to one of three groups for comparison of findings. group 1 included all 6- to 12-month-old infants undergoing primary tube treatment; group 2, all children 1 year or older who had their first ventilation tube(s) inserted in connection with adeno ... | 1990 | 2113235 |
| effect of bacterial products on neutrophil migration in vitro. | chronic bronchial inflammation is associated with migration of large numbers of granulocytes into the bronchial tree. a study was designed to find out whether products of bacteria commonly isolated in chronic bronchial infection stimulate neutrophil migration in vitro. neutrophils from healthy donors were studied by a modified boyden chamber technique. bacterial culture filtrates stimulated neutrophil migration over a wide dilution range and the chemotactic activity was heat stable. culture filt ... | 1990 | 2113319 |
| serologic responses to an haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein conjugate vaccine in very young gambian infants. | recent studies in the united states and europe have shown that haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines can induce protective antibody levels in young infants, but it was not clear that this would be the case in african infants, to whom h influenzae vaccines must be given at a very early age to prevent disease caused by h influenzae. therefore, antibody responses to an h influenzae type b polysaccharide-neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein conjugate vaccin ... | 1990 | 2113671 |
| [choice of the initial antibiotic in the treatment of suppurative meningitis]. | | 1990 | 2113818 |
| comparative study of cefuroxime axetil suspension and amoxycillin syrup in the treatment of acute otitis media in general practice. | in a multicentre general practice study, 660 children aged between 3 months and 12 years with otitis media were randomized to receive a 10-day course of cefuroxime axetil suspension or amoxycillin syrup. children under 2 years of age were given 125 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily after food or 125 mg amoxycillin three times daily; older children received 250 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily or 250 mg amoxycillin three times daily. the overall cure or improvement rate was 94.3% for those treated ... | 1990 | 2113874 |
| quantification of nasopharyngeal bacteria for diagnosis of respiratory tract infection in children. | agreement between clinical signs of bacterial respiratory tract infections and quantities of respiratory tract pathogens in nasopharynx was studied in 77 children, aged 6-13 years. specimens were obtained from 27 clinically bacterial and 51 clinically non-bacterial respiratory tract infections, and in 124 instances from healthy children. viable counts of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and beta-haemolytic streptococci were made from swab specimens suspe ... | 1990 | 2115205 |
| childhood acute bacterial meningitis in the sudan: an epidemiological, clinical and laboratory study. | the aims of the present study were to document the epidemiology, clinical features and complications of childhood acute bacterial meningitis (abm) in the sudan during both an inter-epidemic (endemic) period (1985-1986), and the 1988 serogroup a epidemic; and to examine the phenotypic and genetic similarities and differences of neisseria meningitidis strains isolated in the sudan and sweden. a new enzyme immunoassay test (pharmacia meningitis eia-test) was evaluated as a potential rapid diagnosti ... | 1990 | 2115207 |
| rapid identification of organisms from blood cultures. | a rapid method is described for the identification of organisms directly from blood culture broths, using antisera to group specific antigens and various commercially available serological and biochemical reagents. the technique identified clinically significant organisms within 1 to 3 h of a positive signal in the bactectm blood culture system. the method is of value in providing more rapid diagnoses and treatment of patients, and could be applied to other blood culture systems. | 1990 | 2115961 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of type b haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae, and antibiotic concentration in cerebrospinal fluid. | antibiotic susceptibilities of 38 type b haemophilus influenzae and 28 streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid, blood and other specimens between 1973 and 1988 were studied. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of ampicillin against 10 beta-lactamase positive and 28 negative h. influenzae isolates were 32-64 and 0.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. the mic of chloramphenicol against one of the beta-lactamase positive h. influenzae strains was 8 but mics against the re ... | 1990 | 2116062 |
| the protease-antiprotease balance within the human lung: implications for the pathogenesis of emphysema. | critical elements of the mechanisms of emphysema remain to be clarified. however, taken together, the existing evidence supports the concept that alveolar matrix destruction ensues as the regulatory interplay between oxidant and protease expression is subverted. the final common pathway of matrix destruction links the inherited and acquired forms of emphysema through the ultimate expression of unimpeded neutrophil elastase. | 1990 | 2117164 |
| the protease-antiprotease balance within the human lung: implications for the pathogenesis of emphysema. | critical elements of the mechanisms of emphysema remain to be clarified. however, taken together, the existing evidence supports the concept that alveolar matrix destruction ensues as the regulatory interplay between oxidant and protease expression is subverted. the final common pathway of matrix destruction links the inherited and acquired forms of emphysema through the ultimate expression of unimpeded neutrophil elastase. | 1990 | 2117164 |
| activation of natural killer cells and cytokine production in humans by bacterial extracts (om-85 bv). | the influence of broncho-vaxom (bv) on different immune parameters was investigated in vitro on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). it was found that bv enhances the natural killer (nk) activity of pbmc and increases their spontaneous and phytohemagglutin (pha)-induced production of tumor-necrosis factor--alpha and interleukin-2 as well as the pha-stimulated production of interferon-gamma. these immunostimulating actions of bv on nk activity and cytokine production can contribute to ... | 1990 | 2117183 |