| detection of bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki hd1 on cabbage for human consumption. | the objectives of the study were to develop a specific procedure for quantification and identification of bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki hd1, which is used as a biopesticide, and to quantify its presence in different kinds of cabbage for human consumption. we found that b. thuringiensis kurstaki hd1 can be distinguished from other b. thuringiensis strains by its unique random amplification of polymophic dna-pcr pattern with the opa9 primer and the presence of the flagellin genes, as detected by ... | 2006 | 16553839 |
| determination of the toxic potential of bacillus cereus isolates by quantitative enterotoxin analyses. | haemolysin bl (hbl) and non-haemolytic enterotoxin (nhe), each consisting of three components, represent the major enterotoxins produced by bacillus cereus. to evaluate the expression of these toxins, a set of 100 b. cereus strains was examined. molecular biological characterization showed that 42% of the strains harboured the genes for hbl and 99% for nhe. the production of all nhe and hbl components were analyzed using specific antibodies and, in culture supernatants, detectable levels of hbl ... | 2006 | 16553866 |
| membrane biology: permutations of permeability. | | 2006 | 16554793 |
| characterization of a unique type ia topoisomerase in bacillus cereus. | bacillus cereus topoisomerase iiibeta (bctopo iiibeta) has been cloned, overexpressed and biochemically characterized. this enzyme exhibits 64% and 33% sequence identity to bacillus subtilis topoisomerase iii (bstopo iii) and escherichia coli topoisomerase iii (ectopo iii) respectively. the enzymatic properties of bctopo iiibeta differ substantially from other bacterial type ia topoisomerases, including e. coli type ia topoisomerases and b. cereus topoisomerase i (bctopo i) and iiialpha (bctopo ... | 2006 | 16556226 |
| the effect of the reaction of the medium on the characteristics of bacteria: iii. behavior of bacillus cereus. | | 1933 | 16559646 |
| the relation of bacillus siamensis and similar pathogenic spore-forming bacteria to bacillus cereus. | | 1937 | 16560011 |
| the endogenous respiration of bacillus cereus: i. changes in the rate of respiration with the passage of time. | | 1939 | 16560274 |
| the endogenous respiration of bacillus cereus: ii. the effect of salts on the rate of absorption of oxygen. | | 1939 | 16560275 |
| the endogenous respiration of bacillus cereus: iii. the changes in the rate of respiration caused by sodium chloride, in relation to hydrogen-ion concentration. | | 1940 | 16560379 |
| the influence of the sodium ion on the viability of washed cells of bacillus cereus. | | 1943 | 16560642 |
| process of sporulation in strain of bacillus cereus. | | 1946 | 16561068 |
| the action of bacillus cereus and related species on the lecithin complex of egg yolk. | | 1948 | 16561521 |
| biocerin: an antibiotic produced by bacillus cereus. | | 1949 | 16561651 |
| biochemical factors influencing sporulation in a strain of bacillus cereus. | | 1949 | 16561744 |
| optical density of the endospore of bacillus cereus and its relation to germination and resistance. | | 1959 | 16561835 |
| mechanism of action of the toxin of bacillus anthracis ii. : alkaline phosphatasemia produced by culture filtrates of various bacilli. | slein, milton w. (fort detrick, frederick, md.) and gerald f. logan, jr. mechanism of action of the toxin of bacillus anthracis. ii. alkaline phosphatasemia produced by culture filtrates of various bacilli. j. bacteriol. 83:359-369. 1962.-a factor which produces hyperphosphatasemia after intravenous injection into animals has been found in culture filtrates of several bacilli. the factor appears not to be lecithinase, although it has been found only in culture filtrates of microorganisms, such a ... | 1962 | 16561930 |
| differential cytotoxicity of bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus culture filtrates. | | 1965 | 16562033 |
| characterization of the phospholipases of bacillus cereus and their effects on erythrocytes, bone, and kidney cells. | slein, milton w. (fort detrick, frederick, md.), and gerald f. logan, jr. characterization of the phospholipases of bacillus cereus and their effects on erythrocytes, bone, and kidney cells. j. bacteriol. 90:69-81. 1965.-culture filtrates of bacillus cereus contain phospholipases that split phosphoryl choline, phosphoryl ethanolamine, and phosphoryl inositol from the phospholipids phosphatidyl choline (ptc), sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine (pte), and phosphatidyl inositol (pti). it is p ... | 1965 | 16562045 |
| direct transition of outgrowing bacterial spores to new sporangia without intermediate cell division. | vinter, vladimir (syracuse university, syracuse, n.y.), and ralph a. slepecky. direct transition of outgrowing bacterial spores to new sporangia without intermediate cell division. j. bacteriol. 90:803-807. 1965.-a direct transition was observed of the primary cell developed after germination of bacillus cereus spores into new sporangia without intermediate division stages. two simple methods were used for replacement of outgrowing spores into diluted medium or saline. elongated primary cells pr ... | 1965 | 16562084 |
| probiotics for animal nutrition in the european union. regulation and safety assessment. | probiotics are alive micro-organisms, generally bacteria but also yeasts than, when ingested alive in sufficient amount, they have a positive effect on the health going beyond the nutritional ones commonly known. probiotics may operate through a nutritional and/or health or sanitary effect. micro-organisms used in animal feed in the eu are mainly bacterial strains of gram-positive bacteria belonging to the types bacillus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, pediococcus, streptococcus and strains of yea ... | 2006 | 16563585 |
| in vitro antibacterial, antifungal & cytotoxic activity of some isonicotinoylhydrazide schiff's bases and their cobalt (ii), copper (ii), nickel (ii) and zinc (ii) complexes. | isonicotinoylhydrazide schiff's bases formed by the reaction of substituted and unsubstituted furyl-2-carboxaldehyde and thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde with isoniazid and, their co (ii), cu (ii), ni (ii) and zn (ii) complexes have been synthesized, characterized and screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, shigella dysenteriae, bacillus cereus, corynebac ... | 2006 | 16570512 |
| biodegradation of corrosion inhibitors and their influence on petroleum product pipeline. | the present study enlightens the role of bacillus cereus ace4 on biodegradation of commercial corrosion inhibitors (cci) and the corrosion process on api 5lx steel. bacillus cereus ace4, a dominant facultative aerobic species was identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis, which was isolated from the corrosion products of refined diesel-transporting pipeline in north west india. the effect of cci on the growth of bacterium and its corrosion inhibition efficiency were investigated. corrosion inhibi ... | 2007 | 16580829 |
| a novel ftsz-like protein is involved in replication of the anthrax toxin-encoding pxo1 plasmid in bacillus anthracis. | plasmid pxo1 encodes the tripartite anthrax toxin, which is the major virulence factor of bacillus anthracis. in spite of the important role of pxo1 in anthrax pathogenesis, very little is known about its replication and maintenance in b. anthracis. we cloned a 5-kb region of the pxo1 plasmid into an escherichia coli vector and showed that this plasmid can replicate when introduced into b. anthracis. mutational analysis showed that open reading frame 45 (repx) of pxo1 was required for the replic ... | 2006 | 16585744 |
| detailed genomic analysis of the wbeta and gamma phages infecting bacillus anthracis: implications for evolution of environmental fitness and antibiotic resistance. | phage-mediated lysis has been an essential laboratory tool for rapidly identifying bacillus anthracis for more than 40 years, relying on the gamma phage derivative of a bacillus cereus prophage called w. the complete genomic sequences of the temperate w phage, referred to as wbeta, and its lytic variant gamma were determined and found to encode 53 open reading frames each, spanning 40,864 bp and 37,373 bp, respectively. direct comparison of the genomes showed that gamma evolved through mutations ... | 2006 | 16585764 |
| levels of glycine betaine in growing cells and spores of bacillus species and lack of effect of glycine betaine on dormant spore resistance. | bacteria of various bacillus species are able to grow in media with very high osmotic strength in part due to the accumulation of low-molecular-weight osmolytes such as glycine betaine (gb). cells of bacillus species grown in rich and minimal media contained low levels of gb, but gb levels were 4- to 60-fold higher in cells grown in media with high salt. gb levels in bacillus subtilis cells grown in minimal medium were increased approximately 7-fold by gb in the medium and 60-fold by gb plus hig ... | 2006 | 16585779 |
| structural basis of the sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity in neutral sphingomyelinase from bacillus cereus. | sphingomyelinase (smase) from bacillus cereus (bc-smase) hydrolyzes sphingomyelin to phosphocholine and ceramide in a divalent metal ion-dependent manner. bc-smase is a homologue of mammalian neutral smase (nsmase) and mimics the actions of the endogenous mammalian nsmase in causing differentiation, development, aging, and apoptosis. thus bc-smase may be a good model for the poorly characterized mammalian nsmase. the metal ion activation of sphingomyelinase activity of bc-smase was in the order ... | 2006 | 16595670 |
| structure of phage protein bc1872 from bacillus cereus, a singleton with new fold. | | 2006 | 16596646 |
| the bacillus anthracis chromosome contains four conserved, excision-proficient, putative prophages. | bacillus anthracis is considered to be a recently emerged clone within the bacillus cereus sensu lato group. the b. anthracis genome sequence contains four putative lambdoid prophages. we undertook this study in order to understand whether the four prophages are unique to b. anthracis and whether they produce active phages. | 2006 | 16600039 |
| antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant activity of plagiochasma appendiculatum lehm. et lind. | plagiochasma appendiculatum (aytoniaceae) of the order marchantiales is widely used in the form of paste ethnomedicinally by gaddi tribe in kangra valley for treating skin diseases. in this context, antimicrobical potential of plagiochasma appendiculatum against a wide range of microorganisms was studied. to validate the ethnotherapeutic claims of the plant in skin diseases, wound healing activity was studied, besides antioxidant activity to understand the mechanism of wound healing activity. th ... | 2006 | 16600543 |
| bioactive principles in the bark of pilidiostigma tropicum. | the crude dichloromethane bark extract of pilidiostigma tropicum (myrtaceae) from north queensland, australia, shows antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. bioactivity-directed separation led to the isolation of rhodomyrtoxin b and ursolic acid-3-p-coumarate as the biologically active materials. the structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. the intercalation interaction of rhodomyrtoxin b with dna was investigated using molecular mechanics and ab initio mole ... | 2006 | 16601968 |
| growth of escherichia coli, pichia pastoris and bacillus cereus in the presence of the ionic liquids [bmim][bf4] and [bmim][pf6] and organic solvents. | the influence of the two most commonly used ionic liquids (1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [bmim][bf(4)], 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [bmim][pf(6)]) and three selected organic solvents (dimethylsulfoxide, ethanol, methanol) on the growth of escherichia coli, pichia pastoris and bacillus cereus was investigated. [bmim][bf(4)] was toxic at 1% (v/v) on all three microorganisms. the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of [bmim][bf(4)] on e. coli growth was be ... | 2006 | 16614927 |
| antimicrobial activity of saponins from medicago sp.: structure-activity relationship. | the antimicrobial activity of saponins from medicago sativa, m. arborea and m. arabica against a selection of medically important yeasts, gram-positive and -negative bacteria was investigated. structure-activity growth inhibitory effects of related prosapogenins and sapogenins are also described. increasing antibiotic activity was observed going from the saponin extracts to the sapogenin samples, suggesting that the sugar moiety is not important for the antimicrobial efficacy. activity was espec ... | 2006 | 16619355 |
| pathogenomic sequence analysis of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis isolates closely related to bacillus anthracis. | bacillus anthracis, bacillus cereus, and bacillus thuringiensis are closely related gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria of the b. cereus sensu lato group. while independently derived strains of b. anthracis reveal conspicuous sequence homogeneity, environmental isolates of b. cereus and b. thuringiensis exhibit extensive genetic diversity. here we report the sequencing and comparative analysis of the genomes of two members of the b. cereus group, b. thuringiensis 97-27 subsp. konkukian serotyp ... | 2006 | 16621833 |
| influence of type of food on the kinetics and overall production of bacillus cereus emetic toxin. | potato puree and penne pasta were inoculated with cereulide producing b. cereus 5964a and b. cereus ns117. static incubation at 28 degrees c proved these two foods to be a better substrate for higher cereulide production (4,080 ng/g in puree and 3,200 ng/g in penne were produced by b. cereus 5964a during 48 h of incubation) compared with boiled rice (2,000 ng/g). this difference occurred despite b. cereus counts of more than 10(8) cfu/g in all three products. aeration of cultures had a negative ... | 2006 | 16629028 |
| cyt2ba of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis: activation by putative endogenous protease. | the gene cyt2ba of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis was cloned for expression, together with p20, in an acrystalliferous strain. the large hexagonal crystals formed were composed of cyt2ba, which facilitated its purification. crystal solubilization in the presence of endogenous proteases (with spores and cell debris) enabled quick and simple procedure to obtain rather pure and active toxin species by cleavage between amino acid residues 34 and 35, most likely by a camelysin-like proteas ... | 2006 | 16630537 |
| bacterial contamination of nonsterile disposable gloves before use. | after bacillus cereus recovery in opened boxes of disposable gloves, the bacteriological contamination of disposable nonsterile gloves kept stored in native packages was investigated prospectively. | 2006 | 16630975 |
| fluorescence quencher improves scansystem for rapid bacterial detection. | the optimized scansystem could detect contaminated platelet products within 24 h. however, the system's sensitivity was reduced by a high fluorescence background even in sterile samples, which led to the necessity of a well-trained staff for confirmation of microscope results. | 2006 | 16635069 |
| glycosylation of flavonoids with a glycosyltransferase from bacillus cereus. | microbial glycosyltransferases can convert many small lipophilic compounds such as phenolics, terpenoids, cyanohydrins and alkaloids into glycons using uridine-diphosphate-activated sugars. the main chemical functions of glycosylation processes are stabilization, detoxification and solubilization of the substrates. the gene encoding the udp-glycosyltransferase from bacillus cereus, bcgt-1, was cloned by pcr and sequenced. bcgt-1 was expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) with a his-tag and pur ... | 2006 | 16640583 |
| occurrence of bacillus cereus in maryland soils with frenched tobacco. | | 1951 | 16654416 |
| frenching symptoms produced in nicotiana tabacum and nicotiana rustica with optical isomers of isoleucine and leucine and with bacillus cereus toxin. | | 1952 | 16654456 |
| regulation by lipids of plant microsomal enzymes: ii. lipid dependence of the nadh-cytochrome c reductase of potato tubers. | microsomal membranes from potato tubers were treated with a phospholipase c extracted from bacillus cereus. a positive correlation could be observed between the hydrolysis of membranous phospholipids and the decrease of the nadh-cytochrome c reductase activity. addition of total lipid or phospholipid micelles to phospholipase c-treated microsomes partially restored the nadh-cytochrome c reductase activity, thus proving the lipid-dependence of this enzyme. | 1981 | 16661641 |
| regulation by lipids of plant microsomal enzymes: iii. phospholipid dependence of the cytidine-diphospho-choline phosphotransferase of potato microsomes. | cytidine-diphospho-choline diacyl-glycerol phosphorylcholine phosphotransferase activity was demonstrated in potato (solanum tuberosum l.) microsomes and the incorporation of cytidine-diphospho[(14)c]choline into phosphatidylcholine was characterized by the time course of (14)c incorporation and the effect of microsomal protein concentration on choline incorporation.potato microsomes were progressively delipidated by treatments (2 min at 0 degrees c) with increasing amounts of phospholipase c fr ... | 1982 | 16662446 |
| bacillus anthracis multiplication, persistence, and genetic exchange in the rhizosphere of grass plants. | bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, is known for its rapid proliferation and dissemination in mammalian hosts. in contrast, little information exists regarding the lifestyle of this important pathogen outside of the host. considering that bacillus species, including close relatives of b. anthracis, are saprophytic soil organisms, we investigated the capacity of b. anthracis spores to germinate in the rhizosphere and to establish populations of vegetative cells that could support ... | 2006 | 16672454 |
| occurrence of natural bacillus thuringiensis contaminants and residues of bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticides on fresh fruits and vegetables. | a total of 128 bacillus cereus-like strains isolated from fresh fruits and vegetables for sale in retail shops in denmark were characterized. of these strains, 39% (50/128) were classified as bacillus thuringiensis on the basis of their content of cry genes determined by pcr or crystal proteins visualized by microscopy. random amplified polymorphic dna analysis and plasmid profiling indicated that 23 of the 50 b. thuringiensis strains were of the same subtype as b. thuringiensis strains used as ... | 2006 | 16672488 |
| influence of sporulation medium composition on transcription of ger operons and the germination response of spores of bacillus cereus atcc 14579. | bacillus cereus atcc 14579 endospores were produced in y1 medium, a nutrient-rich, chemically defined sporulation medium, and in modified g medium, containing low amounts of nutrients. the average transcription level of the seven ger operons per cell was 3.5 times higher in y1 medium, and the spores grown in this medium showed an enhanced germination response. | 2006 | 16672527 |
| the international bacillus anthracis, b. cereus, and b. thuringiensis conference, "bacillus-act05". | | 2006 | 16672596 |
| differential proteomic analysis of the bacillus anthracis secretome: distinct plasmid and chromosome co2-dependent cross talk mechanisms modulate extracellular proteolytic activities. | the secretomes of a virulent bacillus anthracis strain and of avirulent strains (cured of the virulence plasmids pxo1 and pxo2), cultured in rich and minimal media, were studied by a comparative proteomic approach. more than 400 protein spots, representing the products of 64 genes, were identified, and a unique pattern of protein relative abundance with respect to the presence of the virulence plasmids was revealed. in minimal medium under high co(2) tension, conditions considered to simulate th ... | 2006 | 16672610 |
| rapid and simple detection of food poisoning bacteria by bead assay with a microfluidic chip-based system. | a rapid bead assay for detecting pathogenic bacteria with a simple microfluidic chip-based system was developed. five oligonucleotide probes corresponding to the 16s rrna of the targeted bacteria were coupled covalently to fluorescent beads. four species of bacteria (escherichia coli, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis, yersinia enterocolitica, and bacillus cereus) were used as representative food-borne pathogenic bacteria. the rnas extracted from pure cultures of these micr ... | 2006 | 16678290 |
| search for antibacterial and antifungal agents from selected indian medicinal plants. | a series of 61 indian medicinal plants belonging to 33 different families used in various infectious disorders, were screened for their antimicrobial properties. screening was carried out at 1000 and 500 microg/ml concentrations by agar dilution method against bacillus cereus var mycoides, bacillus pumilus, bacillus subtilis, bordetella bronchiseptica, micrococcus luteus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptoco ... | 2006 | 16678369 |
| rapid discrimination of cytk-1 and cytk-2 genes in bacillus cereus strains by a novel duplex pcr system. | bacillus cereus is the causative agent of gastrointestinal diarrhoea. at least three known enterotoxins may be involved in this syndrome: nonhaemolytic (nhe) enterotoxin, hbl enterotoxin and cytotoxin k. two different forms were recently described for cytotoxin k, encoded by cytk-1 and cytk-2 genes. the cytk-1 toxin appeared to carry a high toxicity, but there is currently no method available to rapidly detect and discriminate the b. cereus strains able to produce this cytk-1 form. in this study ... | 2006 | 16684105 |
| evolution of surveillance methods for detection of bacterial contamination of platelets in a university hospital, 1991 through 2004. | platelet (plt) bacterial contamination (pbc) is the most common transfusion-associated infection. it is important to understand the impact of interventions addressing this problem. | 2006 | 16686839 |
| composition of bacillus species in aerosols from 11 u.s. cities. | a pcr-based heteroduplex assay was used to determine the presence and composition of bacillus species in 11,059 environmental protection agency pm2.5 aerosol samples from 11 u.s. cities. the assay differentiated three groups: type a containing bacillus anthracis and very closely related, often pathogenic, bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis strains; type b containing other b. cereus and b. thuringiensis strains; and a third group of more-distantly related bacillus species. eight of the 11 ... | 2006 | 16696702 |
| induction of pullulanase production in bacillus cereus fdta-13. | studies were carried out on the production of pullulanase by a newly isolated strain bacillus cereus fdta-13. high titres of the enzyme were obtained in a medium containing branched polysaccharides. to further enhance the yield, induction of pullulanase using conventional inducers were studied. maltooligosaccharides (maltose to maltotetraose) when added in the medium individually, or in a 1:1 combination of maltotriose and maltotetraose resulted different levels of pullulanase compared to contro ... | 2007 | 16697182 |
| adhesion and cytotoxicity of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis to epithelial cells are flha and plcr dependent, respectively. | some bacteria of the bacillus cereus group are enteropathogens. the first cells encountered by bacteria following oral contamination of the host are epithelial cells. we studied the capacity of these bacteria to adhere to epithelial cells and the consequences of this interaction. we found that cell adhesion is strain dependent and that a strain mutated in flha, which encodes a component of flagellum-apparatus formation, is impaired in adhesion, suggesting that flagella are important virulence fa ... | 2006 | 16697234 |
| detection of antibiotic-related genes from bacterial biocontrol agents with polymerase chain reaction. | pseudomonas chlororaphis pa23, pseudomonas spp. strain df41, and bacillus amyloliquefaciens bs6 consistently inhibit infection of canola petals by sclerotinia sclerotiorum in both greenhouse and field experiments. bacillus thuringiensis bs8, bacillus cereus l, and bacillus mycoides s have shown significant inhibition against s. sclerotiorum on plate assays. the presence of antibiotic biosynthetic or self-resistance genes in these strains was investigated with polymerase chain reaction and, in on ... | 2006 | 16699573 |
| effects of amoebae on the growth of microbes isolated from moisture-damaged buildings. | dampness, moisture, and mold in buildings are associated with adverse health outcomes. in addition to fungi and bacteria, amoebae have been found in moisture-damaged building materials. amoebae and a growing list of bacteria have been shown to have mutual effects on each other's growth, but the interactions between amoebae and microbes common in moisture-damaged buildings have not been reported. we co-cultivated the amoeba acanthamoeba polyphaga with bacteria and fungi isolated from moisture-dam ... | 2006 | 16699589 |
| prevalence and characterization of clostridium perfringens from spices in argentina. | spices can present high microbial counts and clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus, salmonella and shigella, among others have been isolated from spices. c. perfringens is an important pathogen agent causing, among other diseases, enteritis in humans caused by c. perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) which causes human food poisoning and enterotoxemia in domestic animals. the aims of the present work were (i) to establish the hygienic sanitary quality of some spices in san luis, argentina; (ii) to de ... | 2005 | 16701595 |
| necrotizing gastritis due to bacillus cereus in an immunocompromised patient. | bacillus cereus is increasingly being acknowledged as a serious bacterial pathogen in immunocompromised patients. we present a case of acute necrotizing gastritis caused by b. cereus in a 37-year-old woman with acute myeloblastic leukemia, who recovered following total parenteral nutrition and treatment with imipenem and vancomycin. b. cereus was isolated from gastric mucosa and blood cultures. up to now, no case of acute necrotizing gastritis due to this organism has been reported. | 2006 | 16703301 |
| occurrence and pathogenic potential of bacillus cereus group bacteria in a sandy loam. | the major part (94%) of the bacillus cereus-like isolates from a danish sandy loam are psychrotolerant bacillus weihenstephanensis according to their ability to grow at temperatures below 7 degrees c and/or two pcr-based methods, while the remaining 6% are b. cereus. the bacillus mycoides-like isolates could also be divided into psychrotolerant and mesophilic isolates. the psychrotolerant isolates of b. mycoides could be discriminated from the mesophilic by the two pcr-based methods used to char ... | 2006 | 16710635 |
| constituents and biological activities of schinus polygamus. | the folk medicine employs schinus polygamus to treat arthritic pain and cleansing of wounds. as no reports of pharmacological studies supporting its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, extracts of increasing polarity were assayed on the base of fever, pain and inflammation, together with its antimicrobial activity. all the extracts showed pharmacological activities. from the most active extracts different metabolites were isolated that can in part explain the antipyretic, anti-inflammato ... | 2006 | 16713153 |
| biofilm-spore response in bacillus cereus and bacillus subtilis during nutrient limitation. | this study aimed to trace the dynamics of biofilm formation by vegetative cells and endospores of bacillus cereus dl5 and bacillus subtilis 168. counts of b. cereus dl5 and b. subtilis 168 vegetative cells and spores either attached to glass wool or, correspondingly, planktonic cells were determined by standard plate-counting methods. results from this study highlighted the biofilm-forming potential of both spores and vegetative cells of two different bacillus species. it was shown that once bac ... | 2006 | 16715822 |
| presence and growth of bacillus cereus in dehydrated potato flakes and hot-held, ready-to-eat potato products purchased in new zealand. | potato products prepared from dehydrated potato flakes have been implicated in foodborne illness incidents involving bacillus cereus intoxications. b. cereus can survive as spores in potato flakes and can germinate and multiply in the rehydrated product. this study assessed the frequency and concentration of b. cereus in dehydrated potato flakes and hot-held, ready-to-eat mashed potato products. of 50 packets of potato flakes tested, eight contained greater than 100 cfu/g b. cereus (maximum 370 ... | 2006 | 16715823 |
| lactobacillus plantarum gene clusters encoding putative cell-surface protein complexes for carbohydrate utilization are conserved in specific gram-positive bacteria. | genomes of gram-positive bacteria encode many putative cell-surface proteins, of which the majority has no known function. from the rapidly increasing number of available genome sequences it has become apparent that many cell-surface proteins are conserved, and frequently encoded in gene clusters or operons, suggesting common functions, and interactions of multiple components. | 2006 | 16723015 |
| specific electrochemical phage sensing for bacillus cereus and mycobacterium smegmatis. | the rapid and reliable detection of pathogenic microorganisms is an important issue for the safety and security of our society. here we describe the use of a sensitive, inexpensive, amperometric, phage-based biosensor for the detection of extremely low concentrations of bacillus cereus and mycobacterium smegmatis as models for bacillus anthracis (the causative agent of anthrax) and for mycobacterium tuberculosis (the causative agent of tuberculosis), respectively. the detection procedure develop ... | 2007 | 16725377 |
| elimination and multiplication of bacteria during preparation and storage of buffy coat-derived platelet concentrates. | the prevalence of bacterial contamination of random-donor platelet concentrates (pcs) is considerably lower than that of blood donations. which key steps of the preparation procedure contribute to the elimination of bacteria was investigated. | 2006 | 16734811 |
| synthesis and evaluation of fluorogenic substrates for phospholipase d and phospholipase c. | fluorogenic analogues of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine, ddpb and lysoddpb, were synthesized by an enzyme-assisted strategy. the analogues were evaluated as substrates for phospholipases c and d and lysophospholipase d. ddpb was cleaved by bacterial and plant phospholipase d (pld) enzymes and represents the first direct fluorogenic substrate for real-time measurement of pld activity. both fluorogenic substrates have potential in screening for pld and pc-plc inhibitors and for mo ... | 2006 | 16737317 |
| incorporation of dl-beta-(p-fluorophenyl)[beta-c]alanine into exopenicillinase by bacillus cereus 569/h. | | 1960 | 16748837 |
| the action of phospholipase c on ethanolamine plasmalogen (2-acyl-1-alkenylglycerylphosphorylethanolamine). | 1. the phospholipase c of bacillus cereus attacks the ethanolamine plasmalogen of brain to yield a plasmalogenic diglyceride (2-acyl-1-alkenylglycerol). 2. this plasmalogenic diglyceride is analogous to the material obtained by the action of the phospholipase c of clostridium welchii on the choline plasmalogen of heart. | 1965 | 16749141 |
| thermal inactivation of bacillus anthracis spores in cow's milk. | decimal reduction time (time to inactivate 90% of the population) (d) values of bacillus anthracis spores in milk ranged from 3.4 to 16.7 h at 72 degrees c and from 1.6 to 3.3 s at 112 degrees c. the calculated increase of temperature needed to reduce the d value by 90% varied from 8.7 to 11.0 degrees c, and the arrhenius activation energies ranged from 227.4 to 291.3 kj/mol. six-log-unit viability reductions were achieved at 120 degrees c for 16 s. these results suggest that a thermal process s ... | 2006 | 16751573 |
| biochemical characteristics of chitosanase from the indonesian bacillus licheniformis mb-2. | bacillus licheniformis mb-2, isolated from a hot spring water in manado, indonesia, secreted a unique chitosanase. media consisted of 0.24% chitosan, 0.25% casiton, 1% mgso4, 1.4% k2hpo4, 0.02% cacl2 x 2h2o, 0.002% feso4 x 7h2o (w/v) was used for enzyme production. purification of the enzyme through the hydrophobic interaction chromatography system (butyl sepharose 4 ff) resulted in two major active fractions; the f2 fraction was shown as a single band at both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylami ... | 2006 | 16757796 |
| [thrombophlebitis and pneumonia in hiv patient]. | | 2006 | 16762297 |
| a primary sodium pump gene of the moderate halophile halobacillus dabanensis exhibits secondary antiporter properties. | the primary sodium pump has been proved to be involved in na(+) extrusion of bacteria. in our present study, a novel gene encoding a putative primary sodium pump was cloned from chromosomal dna of moderate halophile halobacillus dabanensis d-8 by functional complementation, which expression resulted in the growth of antiporter-deficient escherichia coli strain knabc in the presence of 0.2 m nacl. the gene was sequenced and designated nap. the deduced amino acid sequence of nap has 56% identity t ... | 2006 | 16774742 |
| isolation and characterization of two potential pentachlorophenol degrading aerobic bacteria from pulp paper effluent sludge. | | 2006 | 16778357 |
| production and partial characterization of dehairing protease from bacillus cereus mcm b-326. | bacillus cereus mcm b-326, isolated from buffalo hide, produced an extracellular protease. maximum protease production occurred (126.87+/-1.32 u ml(-1)) in starch soybean meal medium of ph 9.0, at 30 degrees c, under shake culture condition, with 2.8 x 10(8) cells ml(-1) as initial inoculum density, at 36 h. ammonium sulphate precipitate of the enzyme was stable over a temperature range of 25-65 degrees c and ph 6-12, with maximum activity at 55 degrees c and ph 9.0. the enzyme required ca(2+) i ... | 2007 | 16782331 |
| synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial studies of medicinally important novel n-alkyl and n-sulfonyl derivatives of 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl]piperazine. | a series of novel substituted 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl]piperazine derivatives (4a-g) and (5h-m) have been synthesized. the synthesized compounds were characterized by ir and 1h nmr. all the synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their efficacy as antimicrobial agents against representative strains of gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus atcc 25953, streptococcus pneumoniae atcc 49619, bacillus cereus 11778, and bacillus subtilis 6051) and gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli ... | 2006 | 16784863 |
| the enhancin-like metalloprotease from the bacillus cereus group is regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator plcr but is not essential for larvicidal activity. | bacillus cereus group bacteria produce virulence factors. many of these are regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator plcr, which is implicated in insect virulence. in silico analysis of the b. cereus strain atcc14579 genome showed an enhancin-like gene preceded by a typical plcr binding sequence. the gene is predicted to encode a polypeptide showing 23-25% identity with enhancins from several baculoviruses and 31% with that of yersinia pestis. viral enhancin acts after oral infecti ... | 2006 | 16790012 |
| burkholderia cenocepacia zmpb is a broad-specificity zinc metalloprotease involved in virulence. | in previous studies we characterized the burkholderia cenocepacia zmpa zinc metalloprotease. in this study, we determined that b. cenocepacia has an additional metalloprotease, which we designated zmpb. the zmpb gene is present in the same species as zmpa and was detected in b. cepacia, b. cenocepacia, b. stabilis, b. ambifaria, and b. pyrrocinia but was absent from b. multivorans, b. vietnamiensis, b. dolosa, and b. anthina. the zmpb gene was expressed, and zmpb was purified from escherichia co ... | 2006 | 16790782 |
| variability among bacillus cereus strains in spore surface properties and influence on their ability to contaminate food surface equipment. | seven strains of bacillus cereus isolated from the environment and from patients with diarrheic symptoms were examined from two angles: their spore surface properties, and their ability to adhere to stainless steel and to resist a cleaning in place (cip) procedure. our results revealed significant differences in their morphology (size of exosporium, length and number of appendages), hydrophobic character and surface protein composition. most of these proteins originated in the vegetative cell an ... | 2006 | 16793156 |
| antimicrobial activities of human beta-defensins against bacillus species. | natural defences in the human body function to protect us from numerous environmental toxins and exposure to potential harmful biological agents. an important frontline defence is antimicrobial peptides. these peptides occur at environmental interfaces and serve to limit bacterial invasion. there has been little work comparing specific peptides as potential antimicrobial compounds. in this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of peptides from the human beta-defensin (hbd) family agains ... | 2006 | 16797165 |
| antifungal activity and enhancement of plant growth by bacillus cereus grown on shellfish chitin wastes. | bacillus cereus qq308 produced antifungal hydrolytic enzymes, comprising chitinase, chitosanase and protease, when grown in a medium containing shrimp and crab shell powder (scsp) produced from marine waste. the growth of the plant-pathogenic fungi fusarium oxysporum, fusarium solani, and pythium ultimum were considerably affected by the presence of the qq308 culture supernatant. the supernatant inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of f. oxysporum, f. solani, and p. ultimum. the ... | 2007 | 16797180 |
| bioassay-guided purification and identification of antimicrobial components in chinese green tea extract. | the chinese green tea extract was found to strongly inhibit the growth of major food-borne pathogens, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium dt104, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and a diarrhoea food-poisoning pathogen bacillus cereus, by 44-100% with the highest activity found against s. aureus and lowest against e. coli o157:h7. a bioassay-guided fractionation technique was used for identifying the principal active component. a simple and efficient reversed-phase high ... | 2006 | 16797571 |
| berry phenolics: antimicrobial properties and mechanisms of action against severe human pathogens. | antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of phenolic extracts of 12 nordic berries were studied against selected human pathogenic microbes. the most sensitive bacteria on berry phenolics were helicobacter pylori and bacillus cereus. campylobacter jejuni and candida albicans were inhibited only with phenolic extracts of cloudberry, raspberry, and strawberry, which all were rich in ellagitannins. cloudberry extract gave strong microbicidic effects on the basis of plate count with all studied strains. ... | 2006 | 16800770 |
| the production of bacillus cereus enterotoxins is influenced by carbohydrate and growth rate. | enterotoxin production is a key factor in bacillus cereus food poisoning. herein, the effect of the growth rate (mu) on b. cereus toxin production when grown on sucrose was studied and the hemolytic bl enterotoxin (hbl) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (nhe) production by b. cereus was compared according to carbohydrate at mu = 0.2 h(-1). the anaerobic growth was carried out on continuous cultures in synthetic medium supplemented with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or an equimolar mixture of glucose an ... | 2006 | 16802202 |
| bacillus cereus infections. | | 1980 | 16811117 |
| bacillus cereus infections. | | 1980 | 16811118 |
| elaboration of an electroporation protocol for bacillus cereus atcc 14579. | an electro-transformation procedure was established for bacillus cereus atcc 14579. using early growth-stage culture and high electric field, the ectroporation efficiency was up to 2 x 10(9) cfu microg(-1) ml(-1) with pc194 plasmid dna. the procedure was tested with three other plasmids, of various sizes, replication mechanisms and selection markers, and the transformation efficiencies ranged between 2 x 10(6) and 1 x 10(8) cfu microg(-1) ml(-)(1). the effects of two wall-weakening agents on ele ... | 2006 | 16820234 |
| sequence diversity of the bacillus thuringiensis and b. cereus sensu lato flagellin (h antigen) protein: comparison with h serotype diversity. | we set out to analyze the sequence diversity of the bacillus thuringiensis flagellin (h antigen [hag]) protein and compare it with h serotype diversity. some other bacillus cereus sensu lato species and strains were added for comparison. the internal sequences of the flagellin (hag) alleles from 80 bacillus thuringiensis strains and 16 strains from the b. cereus sensu lato group were amplified and cloned, and their nucleotide sequences were determined and translated into amino acids. the flagell ... | 2006 | 16820457 |
| analysis of the life cycle of the soil saprophyte bacillus cereus in liquid soil extract and in soil. | bacillus is commonly isolated from soils, with organisms of bacillus cereus sensu lato being prevalent. knowledge of the ecology of b. cereus and other bacillus species in soil is far from complete. while the older literature favors a model of growth on soil-associated organic matter, the current paradigm is that b. cereus sensu lato germinates and grows in association with animals or plants, resulting in either symbiotic or pathogenic interactions. an in terra approach to study soil-associated ... | 2006 | 16820495 |
| biofilm formation by bacillus cereus is influenced by plcr, a pleiotropic regulator. | the deltaplcr mutant of bacillus cereus strain atcc 14579 developed significantly more biofilm than the wild type and produced increased amounts of biosurfactant. biosurfactant production is required for biofilm formation and may be directly or indirectly repressed by plcr, a pleiotropic regulator. coating polystyrene plates with surfactin, a biosurfactant from bacillus subtilis, rescued the deficiency in biofilm formation by the wild type. | 2006 | 16820512 |
| characterization of emetic bacillus weihenstephanensis, a new cereulide-producing bacterium. | cereulide production has until now been restricted to the species bacillus cereus. here we report on two psychrotolerant bacillus weihenstephanensis strains, mc67 and mc118, that produce cereulide. the strains are atypical with regard to pheno- and genotypic characteristics normally used for identification of emetic b. cereus strains. mc67 and mc118 produced cereulide at temperatures of as low as 8 degrees c. | 2006 | 16820519 |
| cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of varthemia iphionoides boiss. extracts. | the hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ethanol and water extracts of aerial parts of varthemia, varthemia iphionoides, were investigated for cytotoxic activity against human myelocytic leukemia (hl-60) cells; dpph radical-scavenging activity; antioxidative activity in the linoleic acid system; reducing power; antibacterial activity; the contents of phenolic compounds. a pronounced cytotoxic effect on human leukemia (hl-60) cells was shown in the hexane, chloroform and ethanol extracts, with inhi ... | 2006 | 16824717 |
| antimicrobial effect of silver-doped phosphate-based glasses. | in this study a range of phosphate-based glasses (pbg) doped with silver have been investigated for their antimicrobial activities. in disk diffusion assays, these compositions demonstrated microbistatic effects against a range of organisms including staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, and candida albicans. the data obtained from the above studies allowed for an additional range of pbg containing lower amo ... | 2006 | 16826601 |
| characterization of a bacteriocin-like substance produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolated from the brazilian atlantic forest. | a bacillus strain producing a bacteriocin-like substance was characterized by biochemical profiling and 16s rdna sequencing. phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strain has high sequence similarity with bacillus amyloliquefaciens. the antimicrobial substance was inhibitory to pathogenic and food-spoilage bacteria, such as listeria monocytogenes, bacillus cereus, serratia marcescens, and pasteurella haemolytica. it was stable over a wide temperature range, but lost activity when the temperatu ... | 2006 | 16835841 |
| microbiological transformation of two labdane diterpenes, the main constituents of madia species, by two fungi. | microbial transformation of 13r,14r,15-trihydroxylabd-7-ene (5) and 13r,14r,15-trihydroxylabd-8(17)-ene (6) by the fungus debaryomyces hansenii gave 1 (13r,14r,15-trihydroxy-6-oxolabd-8-ene) and 3 (7alpha,13r,14r,15-tetrahydroxy-labd-8(17)-ene), respectively. while, microbial transformation of 5 by aspergillus niger afforded 2 (3beta,13r,14r,15-tetrahydroxy-labd-7-ene), and 13r,14r,15-trihydroxylabd-8,17-ene (6) gave 3 and 4 (3r,14r,15-3-oxotetrahydroxy-labd-7-ene). the structures of the new com ... | 2006 | 16839574 |
| capillary electrophoretic method for the detection of bacterial contamination. | there has been growing interest in separations-based techniques for the identification and characterization of microorganisms because of the versatility, selectivity, sensitivity, and short analysis times of these methods. a related area of analysis that is scientifically and commercially important is the determination of the presence or complete absence of microbes (in essence, a test for sample sterility). in such a test, it is not of immediate importance to identify a particular microorganism ... | 2006 | 16841893 |
| toxin gene profiling of enterotoxic and emetic bacillus cereus. | very different toxins are responsible for the two types of gastrointestinal diseases caused by bacillus cereus: the diarrhoeal syndrome is linked to nonhemolytic enterotoxin nhe, hemolytic enterotoxin hbl, and cytotoxin k, whereas emesis is caused by the action of the depsipeptide toxin cereulide. the recently identified cereulide synthetase genes permitted development of a molecular assay that targets all toxins known to be involved in food poisoning in a single reaction, using only four differ ... | 2006 | 16842349 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activity studies of ortho-chlorodiarylamines and heteroaromatic tetracyclic systems in the benzo[b]thiophene series. | ortho-chlorodiarylamines in the 2,3,7-trimethylbenzo[b]thiophene series were prepared in high yields (70-85%) by c-n palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling using p(t-bu)(3) as ligand and naot-bu as base. a palladium-assisted c-c intramolecular cyclization of the coupling products gave thienocarbazoles and the dechlorinated diarylamines. studies of antimicrobial activity of the compounds obtained, against representative species of bacteria (escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus cereus an ... | 2006 | 16843669 |
| isolation of bacteriocinogenic lactobacillus plantarum strains from ben saalga, a traditional fermented gruel from burkina faso. | a collection of lactic acid bacteria isolated from ben saalga, a traditional fermented gruel from burkina faso, was screened for bacteriocin production. seven isolates were selected for their broad antimicrobial spectra, which overall included strains of bacillus cereus, bacillus licheniformis, enterococcus faecalis, listeria innocua, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. cluster analysis of rapd-pcr patterns revealed that six of the isolates re ... | 2006 | 16844251 |
| characterization of bacillus anthracis-like bacteria isolated from wild great apes from cote d'ivoire and cameroon. | we present the microbiological and molecular characterization of bacteria isolated from four chimpanzees and one gorilla thought to have died of an anthrax-like disease in côte d'ivoire and cameroon. these isolates differed significantly from classic bacillus anthracis by the following criteria: motility, resistance to the gamma phage, and, for isolates from cameroon, resistance to penicillin g. a capsule was expressed not only after induction by co(2) and bicarbonate but also under normal growt ... | 2006 | 16855222 |
| identification and characterization of bacterial cysteine dioxygenases: a new route of cysteine degradation for eubacteria. | in metazoa and fungi, the catabolic dissimilation of cysteine begins with its sulfoxidation to cysteine sulfinic acid by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase (cdo). in these organisms, cdo plays an important role in the homeostatic regulation of steady-state cysteine levels and provides important oxidized metabolites of cysteine such as sulfate and taurine. to date, there has been no experimental evidence for the presence of cdo in prokaryotes. using psi-blast searches and crystallographic informatio ... | 2006 | 16855246 |