| single-nucleotide-polymorphism typing and genetic relationships of salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates. | salmonella enterica serovar typhi is a clone with a low level of variation. we developed a molecular typing method for serovar typhi using 38 genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) as markers detected by pcr-restriction enzyme digestion. the 73 worldwide serovar typhi isolates studied were separated into 23 snp profiles and four distinct genetic groups. serovar typhi isolates expressing the unique flagellar antigen z66 were found to cluster together and branch off from the ancestral ... | 2007 | 17728466 |
| clonal expansion and microevolution of quinolone-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi in vietnam from 1996 to 2004. | salmonella enterica serotype typhi clinical isolates (n = 91) resistant to nalidixic acid (nal(r)) were collected from sporadic cases and minor outbreaks throughout vietnam between 1996 and 2004. these isolates were typed and compared by four methods: vi phage typing, psti ribotyping, xbai and spei pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), and single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis. the results indicated that 65% of the isolates were not typeable by vi phage typing. in contrast, the riboty ... | 2007 | 17728470 |
| salmonella: clinical importance and evolution of nomenclature. | salmonella is an important pathogen for both humans and animals. although the organism has been intensively studied during the last century, much remains to be learned about this pathogen. the complicated nomenclature system of salmonella has long been a subject of discussion. in 2005, "salmonella enterica" finally gained official approval as the type species of the genus salmonella. the genus salmonella also contains the species "salmonella bongori" in addition to a new species, "salmonella sub ... | 2007 | 17760271 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium exploits inflammation to compete with the intestinal microbiota. | most mucosal surfaces of the mammalian body are colonized by microbial communities ("microbiota"). a high density of commensal microbiota inhabits the intestine and shields from infection ("colonization resistance"). the virulence strategies allowing enteropathogenic bacteria to successfully compete with the microbiota and overcome colonization resistance are poorly understood. here, we investigated manipulation of the intestinal microbiota by the enteropathogenic bacterium salmonella enterica s ... | 2007 | 17760501 |
| serodiagnosis of salmonella enterica serovar typhi and s. enterica serovars paratyphi a, b and c human infections. | the aim of this study was to evaluate an immunoassay for the detection of human serum antibodies to the lps and flagellar antigens of salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a, b and c, and to the vi capsular polysaccharide of s. typhi and s. paratyphi c. a total of 330 sera were used; these originated from 15 patients who were culture-positive for s. typhi and 15 healthy controls, together with 300 sera submitted to the laboratory of enteric pathogens for salmonella serodiagnosis. by sds-page ... | 2007 | 17761477 |
| the role of gene fusions in the evolution of metabolic pathways: the histidine biosynthesis case. | histidine biosynthesis is one of the best characterized anabolic pathways. there is a large body of genetic and biochemical information available, including operon structure, gene expression, and increasingly larger sequence databases. for over forty years this pathway has been the subject of extensive studies, mainly in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, in both of which details of histidine biosynthesis appear to be identical. in these two enterobacteria the pathway is unbranched, inclu ... | 2007 | 17767732 |
| dissecting the salmonella response to copper. | intracellular copper homeostasis in bacteria is maintained as the result of a complex ensemble of cellular processes that in escherichia coli involve the coordinated action of two systems, cue and cus. in contrast, the pathogenic bacterium salmonella harbours only the cue regulon, including copa, which is shown here to be transcriptionally controlled by cuer. mutant strains in the cuer-regulated genes were constructed to characterize the response of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to hig ... | 2007 | 17768242 |
| expression of the fis protein is sustained in late-exponential- and stationary-phase cultures of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium grown in the absence of aeration. | the classic expression pattern of the fis global regulatory protein during batch culture consists of a high peak in the early logarithmic phase of growth, followed by a sharp decrease through mid-exponential growth phase until fis is almost undetectable at the end of the exponential phase. we discovered that this pattern is contingent on the growth regime. in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium cultures grown in non-aerated spi1-inducing conditions, fis can be detected readily in stationary ... | 2007 | 17784910 |
| vertical transmission of salmonella paratyphi a. | neonatal enteric fever is a rare but life-threatening illness. patients may present with varying severity, salmonella enterica serotype typhi causing more severe illness than salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a. salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a is considered to cause milder infection with fewer complications. we report a rare case of vertical transmission of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a with severe complications and high mortality. even though there are case reports of v ... | 2007 | 17785907 |
| splenic abscesses caused by a reptile-associated salmonella infection. | salmonella infections are not very uncommon. the source generally has to be looked for in food. the syndrome concerns mostly gastro-enteritis. we present a 17-year-old girl with sepsis caused by splenic abscesses which was successfully treated with splenectomy and antibiotics. after analysis (blood and surgical specimen samples), she appeared to be infected with salmonella type telelkebir, a rare variant that is associated with exotic animal species, mainly reptiles. the same variant was cultiva ... | 2007 | 17785987 |
| oral sodium chlorate, topical disinfection, and younger weaning age reduce salmonella enterica shedding in pigs. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica can cause swine illness or human foodborne disease. although nontoxic to mammalian cells, chlorate can be converted to cytotoxic chlorite by salmonellae. to test whether chlorate is effective at reducing salmonella shedding in weaned pigs exposed to shedding dams, a chlorate-nitrate-lactate (chlorate) oral dose was administered daily for 5 days following weaning, and this treatment was evaluated in combination with two weaning ages and a topical disinfectant. ... | 2007 | 17803134 |
| competitive inhibition bacteria of bovine origin against salmonella serovars. | studies were conducted to isolate bacteria inhibitory to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive type (dt) 104 in vitro from cattle not carrying salmonella and to determine the inhibitory activity of the isolated bacteria through competitive growth in cattle feces artificially contaminated with salmonella typhimurium dt104 and s. enterica serovar newport. fecal samples (108) were obtained from dairy and beef cows. s. enterica serovars were isolated from 9.25% of the samples and includ ... | 2007 | 17803135 |
| variation in salmonella resistance to poultry chemical decontaminants, based on serotype, phage type, and antibiotic resistance patterns. | chemical decontaminants are currently under review for final approval by the european union authorities with the aim of reducing the number and/or prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms on poultry. the purpose of the research being reported here was to determine the association, if any, of decontaminant resistance with the serotype, phage type, and antibiotic resistance of salmonella strains. sixty poultry isolates of salmonella enterica (serotypes enteritidis: phage types 1, 4, 4b, 6a, 14b, an ... | 2007 | 17803139 |
| detection and identification of salmonella typhimurium in bovine diarrhoeic fecal samples by immunomagnetic separation and multiplex pcr assay. | the aim of this study was to use the immunomagnetic separation (ims) test plus a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-pcr) assay to detect salmonella at genus level and also for the identification of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in bovine diarrhoeic fecal samples. in all, 400 bovine diarrhoeic fecal specimens were examined by conventional bacterial culture, ims, and m-pcr. for m-pcr assay, four set primers were selected: 139-141, specific for inv-a gene of salmonella spp and the rfb ... | 2007 | 17803511 |
| feasibility of a molecular screening method for detection of salmonella enterica and campylobacter jejuni in a routine community-based clinical microbiology laboratory. | conventional diagnostic methods for the detection of salmonella enterica and campylobacter jejuni are laborious and time-consuming procedures, resulting in final results, for the majority of specimens, only after 3 to 4 days. molecular detection can improve the time to reporting of the final results from several days to the next day. however, molecular assays for the detection of gastrointestinal pathogens directly from stool specimens have not made it into the routine clinical microbiology labo ... | 2007 | 17804656 |
| reinterpreting a community outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in the light of molecular typing. | in november 2005, a large outbreak due to salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (s. enteritidis) was observed within children who had eaten their meals at 53 school cafeterias in florence and the surrounding area. a total of 154 isolates of s. enteritidis were recovered from human cases between november 2005 and january 2006. all strains were assigned phage type 8 (pt8) and a common xbai pulsotype. this paper reports the findings of a molecular epidemiological investigation performed on 124 s ... | 2007 | 17825103 |
| the genome of epsilon15, a serotype-converting, group e1 salmonella enterica-specific bacteriophage. | the genome sequence of the salmonella enterica serovar anatum-specific, serotype-converting bacteriophage epsilon15 has been completed. the nonredundant genome contains 39,671 bp and 51 putative genes. it most closely resembles the genome of phiv10, an escherichia coli o157:h7-specific temperate phage, with which it shares 36 related genes. more distant relatives include the burkholderia cepacia-specific phage, bcepc6b (8 similar genes), the bordetella bronchiseptica-specific phage, bpp-1 (8 sim ... | 2007 | 17825342 |
| heterologous protection in pigs induced by a plasmid-cured and crp gene-deleted salmonella choleraesuis live vaccine. | in this study, we exploited a crp (camp receptor protein) gene-deleted, virulence plasmid-cured salmonella choleraesuis mutant with decreased carbon source utilization, designated s.c.-deltacrp/vpl(-), as a live vaccine strain. normal weight gain with no clinical signs was observed in pigs immunized with high doses of s.c.-deltacrp/vpl(-) live vaccine. vaccination in pregnant sows induced high maternal antibodies, which could prevent piglets from salmonella infection. moreover, serial transmissi ... | 2007 | 17825957 |
| detailed structure of integrons and transposons carried by large conjugative plasmids responsible for multidrug resistance in diverse genomic types of salmonella enterica serovar brandenburg. | to evaluate the incidence, molecular basis and distribution among genomic types of antimicrobial drug resistance in salmonella enterica (s.) serovar brandenburg isolates recorded in the principality of asturias, spain. | 2007 | 17827139 |
| the cbib protein of salmonella enterica is an integral membrane protein involved in the last step of the de novo corrin ring biosynthetic pathway. | we report results of studies of the conversion of adenosylcobyric acid (adocby) to adenosylcobinamide-phosphate, the last step of the de novo corrin ring biosynthetic branch of the adenosylcobalamin (coenzyme b12) pathway of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2. previous reports have implicated the cbib protein in this step of the pathway. hydropathy analysis predicted that cbib would be an integral membrane protein. we used a computer-generated topology model of the primary sequence of c ... | 2007 | 17827296 |
| lysine decarboxylase-negative salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis: antibiotic susceptibility, phage and pfge typing. | one hundred twenty salmonella enteritidis isolates collected from 1992 to 2005 in nagasaki prefecture (65 isolates from 40 outbreak cases, 44 from sporadic diarrhea patients, and 11 from chicken-related products) were investigated by their antibiotic susceptibility profiles, phage typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) typing. out of them, 18 were identified as lysine decarboxylase (ldc)-negative isolates, and 15 showed resistance toward streptomycin. based on the pfge typing, the i ... | 2007 | 17827887 |
| phenotypic variations and molecular identification of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium cells under starvation in seawater. | in seawater, enteric bacteria evolve toward a stressed state that is difficult to identify because of major alterations of their phenotype. in this study, we incubated four reference strains of s. enterica serovar typhimurium in seawater microcosms for 10 months and studied the modifications of their main phenotypic characters. all of the strains lost some key characters used for traditional identification of the salmonella genus. they became able to produce acetoin, and tryptophane deaminase ac ... | 2007 | 17828573 |
| the role of cellulose and o-antigen capsule in the colonization of plants by salmonella enterica. | numerous salmonellosis outbreaks have been associated with vegetables, in particular sprouted seed. thin aggregative fimbriae (tafi), a component of the extracellular matrix responsible for multicellular behavior, are important for salmonella enterica attachment and colonization of plants. here, we demonstrate that the other surface polymers composing the extracellular matrix, cellulose, and o-antigen capsule also play a role in colonization of plants. mutations in bacterial cellulose synthesis ... | 2007 | 17849711 |
| microarray analysis of mu transposition in salmonella enterica, serovar typhimurium: transposon exclusion by high-density dna binding proteins. | all organisms contain transposons with the potential to disrupt and rearrange genes. despite the presence of these destabilizing sequences, some genomes show remarkable stability over evolutionary time. do bacteria defend the genome against disruption by transposons? phage mu replicates by transposition and virtually all genes are potential insertion targets. to test whether bacteria limit mu transposition to specific parts of the chromosome, dna arrays of salmonella enterica were used to quanti ... | 2007 | 17850262 |
| salmonella sensing of anti-microbial mechanisms to promote survival within macrophages. | salmonella enterica is a facultative intracellular pathogen that replicates within macrophages. the interaction of this pathogen with mammalian cells is a complex process involving hundreds of bacterial products that are sensed by and alter mammalian hosts. numerous bacterial genes and their protein products have been identified that are required for salmonella to resist killing by host innate immunity and to modify host processes. many of these genes are regulated by a specific bacterial sensor ... | 2007 | 17850481 |
| influence of dietary catechols on the growth of enteropathogenic bacteria. | the dietary constituents that may act, in the broadest sense, as co-factors to enable bacterial enteropathogens to replicate in gastrointestinal environments are still largely unknown. recent work has demonstrated that certain non-nutritional components of food, such as the catecholamines, can contribute to the ability of gram-negative pathogens to replicate in iron-restrictive media that may be reflective of gastrointestinal environments. the present report examines whether other, non-catechola ... | 2007 | 17850907 |
| clonal diversity of salmonella enterica serotype typhi isolated from patients with typhoid fever in tehran. | in this study, antimicrobial susceptibility test and genetic typing were used to characterize 15 salmonella enterica serotype typhi (s. typhi) isolates recovered from sporadic cases of typhoid fever in tehran, iran during 2004. antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that all isolates were susceptible to 20 antimicrobials examined in this study. analysis of insertion elements showed that 2 is200 types with 10 and 11 copies were present. 11 of the 15 isolates were found to possess 10 is200 eleme ... | 2008 | 17852914 |
| structural characterization and serological specificities of lipopolysaccharides from salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum standard, intermediate and variant antigenic type strains. | the structure and serological specificities of the lipopolysaccharides (lpss) from salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum were studied to provide an improved basis for the distinction between antigenic types and the development of improved diagnostic tests. the structure of the lps o-polysaccharide (o-ps) from s. pullorum standard, intermediate and variant antigenic type strains was determined by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and chemical analysis. th ... | 2008 | 17855026 |
| prolonged treatment of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with commercial disinfectants selects for multiple antibiotic resistance, increased efflux and reduced invasiveness. | to study how disinfectants affect antimicrobial susceptibility and phenotype of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl1,344. | 2007 | 17855722 |
| flagella facilitate escape of salmonella from oncotic macrophages. | the intracellular parasite salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium causes a typhoid-like systemic disease in mice. whereas the survival of salmonella in phagocytes is well understood, little has been documented about the exit of intracellular salmonella from host cells. here we report that in a population of infected macrophages salmonella induces "oncosis," an irreversible progression to eukaryotic cell death characterized by swelling of the entire cell body. oncotic macrophages (onmphis) are t ... | 2007 | 17873035 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhi: molecular analysis of strains with decreased susceptibility and resistant to ciprofloxacin in india from 2001-2003. | chromosomally-mediated reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin narrows the therapeutic options in enteric fever. we made a molecular comparison of clinical isolates of fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of salmonella enterica serotype typhi from january 2001 to may 2003; 178 isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the kirby-bauer method of disk diffusion, and agar dilution was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) to ciprofloxacin. nalidixic-acid ... | 2007 | 17873998 |
| gamma interferon-independent effects of interleukin-12 on immunity to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | interleukin-12 (il-12) and il-18 are both central to the induction of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma), and various roles for il-12 and il-18 in control of intracellular microbial infections have been demonstrated. we used il-12p40(-/-) and il-18(-/-) mice to further investigate the role of il-12 and il-18 in control of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. while c57bl/6 and il-18(-/-) mice were able to resolve attenuated s. enterica serovar typhimurium infections, the il-12p40(-/-) mice succumbe ... | 2007 | 17875635 |
| peptidase n encoded by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium modulates systemic infection in mice. | the cytosolic protein degradation pathway, involving atp-dependent proteases and atp-independent peptidases, is important for modulating several cellular responses. the involvement of pathogen-encoded atp-dependent proteases is well established during infection. however, the roles of atp-independent peptidases in this process are not well studied. the functional role of peptidase n (pepn), an atp-independent enzyme belonging to the m1 family, during systemic infection of mice by salmonella enter ... | 2007 | 17877733 |
| gastrointestinal microbial ecology and the safety of our food supply as related to salmonella. | salmonella causes an estimated 1.3 million human foodborne illnesses and more than 500 deaths each year in the united states, representing an annual estimated cost to the economy of approximately $2.4 billion. salmonella enterica comprises more than 2,500 serotypes. with this genetic and environmental diversity, serotypes are adapted to live in a variety of hosts, which may or may not manifest with clinical illness. thus, salmonella presents a multifaceted threat to food production and safety. s ... | 2008 | 17878279 |
| sunlight inactivation of campylobacter jejuni and salmonella enterica, compared with escherichia coli, in seawater and river water. | the inactivation of campylobacter jejuni and salmonella enterica, compared with escherichia coli, was determined in 100 l chambers of seawater and river water located at an outdoor site. the chambers (paired with dark controls) were seeded with waste stabilization pond effluent and laboratory-cultured pathogens, and exposed to sunlight in summer and winter experiments. all sunlight inactivation (k(s)) rates, as a function of cumulative global solar radiation (insolation), were far higher than th ... | 2007 | 17878550 |
| development of flexible antimicrobial films using essential oils as active agents. | the antimicrobial activity in the vapor-phase of laboratory-made flexible films of polypropylene (pp) and polyethylene/ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (pe/evoh) incorporating essential oil of cinnamon ( cinnamomum zeylanicum), oregano ( origanum vulgare), clove ( syzygium aromaticum), or cinnamon fortified with cinnamaldehyde was evaluated against a wide range of microorganisms: the gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli, yersinia enterocolitica, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and salmonella cholerae ... | 2007 | 17880148 |
| structural biology of membrane-intrinsic beta-barrel enzymes: sentinels of the bacterial outer membrane. | the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria are replete with integral membrane proteins that exhibit antiparallel beta-barrel structures, but very few of these proteins function as enzymes. in escherichia coli, only three beta-barrel enzymes are known to exist in the outer membrane; these are the phospholipase ompla, the protease ompt, and the phospholipidcolon, two colonslipid a palmitoyltransferase pagp, all of which have been characterized at the structural level. structural details have al ... | 2008 | 17880914 |
| plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance conferred by qnrs1 in salmonella enterica serovar virchow isolated from turkish food of avian origin. | to study the molecular characteristics of the quinolone and associated ampicillin resistance mechanisms present in salmonella enterica serovar virchow isolated from turkish foods. | 2007 | 17881633 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis subtyping database for foodborne salmonella enterica serotype discrimination. | nontyphoid salmonella is one of the main causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and is responsible for 65% of reported outbreaks of foodborne diseases in france. serotyping is widely used for isolate preliminary identification, but it poorly discriminates strains. rapid, efficient molecular subtyping tools have therefore been developed for the investigation of outbreaks. we evaluated the performance of the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) method for discrimination of 31 salmonella ... | 2007 | 17883313 |
| the attribution of human infections with antimicrobial resistant salmonella bacteria in denmark to sources of animal origin. | based on the danish salmonella surveillance in 2000-2001, we developed a mathematical model for quantifying the contribution of each major animal-food sources to human salmonellosis caused by antimicrobial resistant bacteria. domestic food products accounted for 53.1% of all cases, mainly caused by table eggs (37.6%). a large proportion (19%) of cases were travel related, while 18% could not be associated with any source. imported food products accounted for 9.5% of all cases; the most important ... | 2007 | 17883315 |
| prevalence and antibiotic resistance of salmonella isolated from a poultry farm and processing plant environment in the state of kuwait. | the prevalence of salmonella isolated from a poultry farm and from the poultry processing plant environment were evaluated from august 2004 to july 2005 along with microbial antibiotic resistance. in total, 3242 samples were collected from the farm and processing plant. samples collected from the farm included hatching eggs, paper liners, litter, feed, water, drinkers, air, bird rinse, and ceca. while samples collected from the processing plant included carcass rinse and ceca. out of 2882 sample ... | 2007 | 17883320 |
| novel surveillance of salmonella enterica serotype heidelberg epidemics in a closed community. | pathogen and disease surveillance and control represent important public health priorities in high-density and high-risk populations such as nursing homes, cruise ships, military bases, hospitals, and prisons. reportable disease investigations, along with syndromic surveillance, have been used to identify and characterize outbreaks in their early stages. in this study, we provide evidence that ongoing wastewater monitoring could be used to supplement these traditional methods in at-risk closed c ... | 2007 | 17883321 |
| activation of pro-matrix metalloproteinase-9 and degradation of gelatin by the surface protease pgte of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | mammalian matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) degrade collagen networks in extracellular matrices by cleaving collagen and its denatured form gelatin, and thus enhance migration of mammalian cells. the gastrointestinal pathogen salmonella enterica survives and grows within host macrophages and dendritic cells, and can disseminate in the host by travelling within infected host cells. here, we report that s. enterica serovar typhimurium activates prommp-9 (gelatinase b) secreted by human primary macr ... | 2008 | 17888724 |
| rational design of salmonella recombinant vaccines. | salmonella enterica is an important pathogen of animals and humans causing a variety of infectious diseases. the large number of cases of typhoid fever due to s. enterica serovar typhi infections gives rise to the continuous need for improved vaccines against this life-threatening infection. however, s. enterica is also an interesting organism to act as a live attenuated carrier for the presentation of recombinant heterologous antigens. comprehensive experimental studies have been performed and ... | 2008 | 17888730 |
| effect of norepinephrine on colonisation and systemic spread of salmonella enterica in infected animals: role of catecholate siderophore precursors and degradation products. | norepinephrine promotes the growth of salmonella enterica in vitro in iron-restricted conditions imposed by the iron-binding proteins serum transferrin and egg-white ovotransferrin by facilitating the release of bound iron and subsequent uptake by the bacteria. moreover, significantly increased colonisation and systemic spread were observed in mouse and chicken models of s. enterica infection following pre-treatment of animals with norepinephrine. both ent and tonb mutants showed no growth promo ... | 2008 | 17888732 |
| the role of ubix in escherichia coli coenzyme q biosynthesis. | the reversible redox chemistry of coenzyme q serves a crucial function in respiratory electron transport. biosynthesis of q in escherichia coli depends on the ubi genes. however, very little is known about ubix, an enzyme thought to be involved in the decarboxylation step in q biosynthesis in e. coli and salmonella enterica. here we characterize an e. coli ubix gene deletion strain, ll1, to further elucidate e. coli ubix function in q biosynthesis. lli produces very low levels of q, grows slowly ... | 2007 | 17889824 |
| antimicrobial resistance in salmonella serotypes isolated from slaughter animals in kenya. | to isolate salmonella from food animals and characterise the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. | 2007 | 17892198 |
| alternate slya and h-ns nucleoprotein complexes control hlye expression in escherichia coli k-12. | haemolysin e is a cytolytic pore-forming toxin found in several escherichia coli and salmonella enterica strains. expression of hlye is repressed by the global regulator h-ns (histone-like nucleoid structuring protein), but can be activated by the regulator slya. expression of a chromosomal hlye-lacz fusion in an e. coli slya mutant was reduced to 60% of the wild-type level confirming a positive role for slya. dnase i footprint analysis revealed the presence of two separate slya binding sites, o ... | 2007 | 17892462 |
| comparison of tissue-selective proinflammatory gene induction in mice infected with wild-type, dna adenine methylase-deficient, and flagellin-deficient salmonella enterica. | mutants of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium deficient in dna adenine methylase (dam) are attenuated for virulence in mice and confer heightened immunity in vaccinated animals. in contrast, infection of mice with wild-type (wt) strains or flagellin-deficient mutants of salmonella causes typhoid fever. here we examined the bacterial load and spatiotemporal kinetics of expression of several classes of host genes in peyer's patches, the liver, and the spleen following oral infection of mice w ... | 2007 | 17893133 |
| cytokine response of porcine cell lines to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and its hila and ssra mutants. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is a facultative intracellular bacterium which can infect and colonize pigs. after contact with enterocytes and macrophages, s. typhimurium induces production of cytokines thus triggering the innate immune response. in this study we evaluated the cytokine response of two porcine cell lines, ipi-2i and 3d4/31, of epithelial or macrophage origins, respectively, to the wild-type s. typhimurium and its hila and ssra mutants. we observed that t ... | 2007 | 17894638 |
| salmonella enterica infections in spanish swine fattening units. | the present study is the first conducted in spain to estimate the bacteriological herd prevalence of salmonella enterica in fattening units and to describe the salmonella serovar diversity on these farms using a sample representative of the entire swine population. for this purpose, 10 faecal samples were collected from 10 different pens containing pigs close to market weight in a total of 232 fattening units. total sample size was proportionally distributed according to the fattener census in e ... | 2007 | 17894639 |
| thermosensing coordinates a cis-regulatory module for transcriptional activation of the intracellular virulence system in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the expression of bacterial virulence genes is tightly controlled by the convergence of multiple extracellular signals. as a zoonotic pathogen, virulence gene regulation in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium must be responsive to multiple cues from the general environment as well as from multiple niches within animal and human hosts. previous work has identified combined magnesium and phosphate limitation as an environmental cue that activates genes required for intracellular virulence. one ... | 2007 | 17895240 |
| endocarditis due to salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae in a patient with sickle cell disease: a case report and review of the literature. | human cases due to salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae are especially rare, but it may affect immunocompromised patients and infants. we present a case of endocarditis in a patient with sickle cell disease and a review of earlier cases caused by this rare human pathogen. the patient was successfully treated with ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. there are only few cases of salmonella endocarditis reported in the last six decades and it is the first case of salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae endoca ... | 2007 | 17896960 |
| novel pcr assay for identification of salmonella enterica serovar infantis. | we developed, optimized and tested two novel pcr assays specific for salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar infantis. | 2007 | 17897386 |
| commonly used farm disinfectants can select for mutant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with decreased susceptibility to biocides and antibiotics without compromising virulence. | to determine if one passage of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in the presence of farm disinfectants selected for mutants with decreased susceptibility to disinfectants and/or antibiotics. | 2007 | 17897935 |
| oligonucleotide microarray for molecular characterization and genotyping of salmonella spp. strains. | to characterize and subtype multidrug-resistant salmonella isolates by determining the virulence factors, prophage sequences and antimicrobial resistance genes using a novel salmonella-specific oligonucleotide microarray. | 2007 | 17897936 |
| high-pressure resistance variation of escherichia coli o157:h7 strains and salmonella serovars in tryptic soy broth, distilled water, and fruit juice. | the effect of high pressure on the log reduction of six strains of escherichia coli o157:h7 and five serovars of salmonella enterica was investigated in tryptic soy broth, sterile distilled water, and commercially sterile orange juice (for salmonella) and apple cider (for e. coli). samples were subjected to high-pressure processing treatment at 300 and 550 mpa for 2 min at 6 degrees c. samples were plated onto tryptic soy agar directly after pressurization and after being held for 24 h at 4 degr ... | 2007 | 17900085 |
| characterization of a waaf mutant of helicobacter pylori strain 26695 provides evidence that an extended lipopolysaccharide structure has a limited role in the invasion of gastric cancer cells. | an ld-heptosyltransferase gene, hp1191 (waaf), involved in biosynthesis of the inner-core region of helicobacter pylori strain 26695 lipopolysaccharide (lps), has been cloned and its function established by complementation of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium waaf mutant strain, strain 3789. insertional inactivation of the hp1191 open reading frame in strain 26695 resulted in the formation of a deeply truncated lps molecule, as observed using sds-page. subsequent compositional and fatty ac ... | 2007 | 17901900 |
| the wetting agent required for swarming in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is not a surfactant. | we compared the abilities of media from agar plates surrounding swarming and nonswarming cells of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to wet a nonpolar surface by measuring the contact angles of small drops. the swarming cells were wild type for chemotaxis, and the nonswarming cells were nonchemotactic mutants with motor biases that were counterclockwise (chey) or clockwise (chez). the latter strains have been shown to be defective for swarming because the agar remains dry (q. wang, a. suzuk ... | 2007 | 17905988 |
| the rcscdb signaling system and swarming motility in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium: dual regulation of flagellar and spi-2 virulence genes. | the rcs phosphorelay is a multicomponent signaling system that positively regulates colanic acid synthesis and negatively regulates motility and virulence. we have exploited a spontaneously isolated mutant, igaa(t191p), that is nearly maximally activated for the rcs system to identify a vast set of genes that respond to the stimulation, and we report new regulatory properties of this signaling system in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. microarray data show that the rcs system normally fu ... | 2007 | 17905992 |
| the gatc-binding protein seqa is required for bile resistance and virulence in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | disruption of the seqa gene of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium causes defects similar to those described in e. coli: filament formation, aberrant nucleoid segregation, induction of the sos response, envelope instability, and increased sensitivity to membrane-damaging agents. differences between seqa(-) mutants of e. coli and s. enterica, however, are found. seqa(-) mutants of s. enterica form normal colonies and do not exhibit alterations in phage plaquing morphology. lack of seqa causes ... | 2007 | 17905993 |
| differential expression of nife uptake-type hydrogenase genes in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium possesses three similar nife hydrogenases important to its virulence. here we show that the three hydrogenase operons hyb, hya and hyd are expressed under different environmental conditions and are subject to control by different regulatory proteins. hydrogenase promoter-lacz fusion plasmids were transferred into the wild-type strain or into arca, fnr, iscr, narl and narp deletion mutants, or into a fnr/arca double mutant. the hyb promoter had highest beta ... | 2007 | 17906148 |
| src homology domain 2 adaptors affect adherence of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to non-phagocytic cells. | the ability of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) to penetrate the intestinal epithelium is key to its pathogenesis. bacterial invasion can be seen as a two-step process initially requiring adherence to the host cell surface followed by internalization into the host cell. evidence suggests that adherence of s. typhimurium to host cells is receptor-mediated; however, the host cell receptor(s) has/have not been identified. internalization of s. typhimurium absolutely requires ... | 2007 | 17906149 |
| infertility associated with sub clinical salmonellosis. | subclinical infection of guinea pigs with isogenic wild type and aroa, htra and aroa-htra mutants of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar abortusequi (s. abortusequi) induced infertility, while mutants had little or no effect on conception rate in guinea pigs. conception rate was significantly lower in guinea pigs inoculated with wild type (s-787) and aroa mutant of s. abortusequi than those inoculated with intracellular survival deficient htra or aroa-htra mutants of s. abortusequi. ... | 2007 | 17907752 |
| osteoblasts express nlrp3, a nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat region containing receptor implicated in bacterially induced cell death. | bacterially induced osteoblast apoptosis may be a major contributor to bone loss during osteomyelitis. we provide evidence for the functional expression in osteoblasts of nlrp3, a member of the nlr family of cytosolic receptors that has been implicated in the initiation of programmed cell death. | 2008 | 17907925 |
| leuo antagonizes h-ns and stpa-dependent repression in salmonella enterica omps1. | the omps1 gene encodes a quiescent porin in salmonella enterica. we analysed the effects of h-ns and stpa, a paralogue of h-ns, on omps1 expression. in an hns single mutant expression was derepressed but did not reach the maximum level. expression in an stpa single mutant showed the same low repressed level as the wild type. in contrast, in an hns stpa background, omps1 became abundant in the outer membrane. the expression of omps1 was positively regulated by leuo, a lysr-type quiescent regulato ... | 2007 | 17908208 |
| salmonella enterica phage-resistant mutant colonies display an unusual phenotype in the presence of phage felix 01. | to investigate irregular colony morphology formation in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dpc6046 in the presence of a lytic phage, felix 01. | 2007 | 17908223 |
| limited genetic diversity in salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pt13. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis has emerged as a significant foodborne pathogen throughout the world and is commonly characterized by phage typing. in canada phage types (pt) 4, 8 and 13 predominate and in 2005 a large foodborne pt13 outbreak occurred in the province of ontario. the ability to link strains during this outbreak was difficult due to the apparent clonality of pt13 isolates in canada, as there was a single dominant pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) profile amongst epid ... | 2007 | 17908316 |
| antimicrobial drug resistance of salmonella enterica serovar typhi in asia and molecular mechanism of reduced susceptibility to the fluoroquinolones. | this study describes the pattern and extent of drug resistance in 1,774 strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolated across asia between 1993 and 2005 and characterizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the reduced susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones of these strains. for 1,393 serovar typhi strains collected in southern vietnam, the proportion of multidrug resistance has remained high since 1993 (50% in 2004) and there was a dramatic increase in nalidixic acid resistance between 199 ... | 2007 | 17908946 |
| injection of flagellin into the host cell cytosol by salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | bacterial flagellins are potent inducers of innate immunity. three signaling pathways have been implicated in the sensing of flagellins; these involve toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) and the cytosolic proteins birc1e/naip5 and ipaf. although the structural basis of tlr5-flagellin interaction is known, little is known about how flagellin enters the host cell cytosol to induce signaling via birc1e/naip5 and ipaf. here we demonstrate for the first time the translocation of bacterial flagellin into the ... | 2007 | 17911114 |
| prevalence of clinical isolates of escherichia coli and klebsiella spp. producing multiple extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. | eleven thousand two hundred seventy-two escherichia coli, 1109 klebsiella pneumoniae, 1124 salmonella enterica, and 602 klebsiella oxytoca unrelated clinical isolates were obtained between 2001 and 2004 in a university hospital in salamanca, spain. one hundred thirteen e. coli (1%), 32 k. pneumoniae (2.9%), 4 k. oxytoca (0.66%), and 5 s. enterica (0.44%) isolates produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls). we obtained 42.2% of the esbl-producing isolates from outpatients and 57.8% from i ... | 2007 | 17913435 |
| pre-existing anti-salmonella vector immunity prevents the development of protective antigen-specific cd8 t-cell frequencies against murine listeriosis. | our laboratory has focused its research on the use of the type iii secretion system of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to translocate heterologous antigens directly into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells. we have previously reported that the single oral immunization of mice with a recombinant salmonella aroa/sptp mutant strain expressing the translocated yersinia outer protein e fused to the immunodominant antigen p60 from listeria monocytogenes in a type iii-mediated fashion resul ... | 2007 | 17913544 |
| antibody response to salmonella: its induction and role in protection against avian enteric salmonellosis. | human enteritis resulting from the consumption of poultry products contaminated with serovars of salmonella enterica remains a major public-health concern. reducing food contamination by preventing or controlling infection in the chicken during rearing is an attractive solution. an accurate understanding of the mechanisms of immunity to salmonella infection in the chicken will help to focus the development of vaccines for birds and prevent contaminated products from entering the human food chain ... | 2007 | 17914920 |
| antibiotic resistant escherichia coli and salmonella in russian rooks (corvus frugilegus) wintering in the czech republic. | to characterize antibiotic resistant escherichia coli and salmonella isolates in rooks wintering in the czech republic. | 2007 | 17916127 |
| genome-wide screen of salmonella genes expressed during infection in pigs, using in vivo expression technology. | pigs are a food-producing species that readily carry salmonella but, in the great majority of cases, do not show clinical signs of disease. little is known about the functions required by salmonella to be maintained in pigs. we have devised a recombinase-based promoter-trapping strategy to identify genes with elevated expression during pig infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. a total of 55 clones with in vivo-induced promoters were selected from a genomic library of approximat ... | 2007 | 17921269 |
| orotate phosphoribosyltransferase from corynebacterium ammoniagenes lacking a conserved lysine. | the pyre gene, encoding orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (oprtase), was cloned by nested pcr and colony blotting from corynebacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872, which is widely used in nucleotide production. sequence analysis shows that there is a lack of an important conserved lysine (lys 73 in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium oprtase) in the c. ammoniagenes oprtase. this lysine has been considered to contribute to the initiation of catalysis. the enzyme was overexpressed and purified from ... | 2007 | 17921291 |
| in vivo gene regulation in salmonella spp. by a salicylate-dependent control circuit. | systems allowing tightly regulated expression of prokaryotic genes in vivo are important for performing functional studies of bacterial genes in host-pathogen interactions and establishing bacteria-based therapies. we integrated a regulatory control circuit activated by acetyl salicylic acid (asa) in attenuated salmonella enterica that carries an expression module with a gene of interest under control of the xyls2-dependent pm promoter. this resulted in 20-150-fold induction ex vivo. the regulat ... | 2007 | 17922017 |
| high-affinity zn2+ uptake system znuabc is required for bacterial zinc homeostasis in intracellular environments and contributes to the virulence of salmonella enterica. | to investigate the relevance of zinc in host-pathogen interactions, we have constructed salmonella enterica mutant strains in which the znua gene, which encodes the periplasmic component of the znuabc high-affinity zn2+ transporter, was deleted. this mutation does not alter the ability of salmonella to grow in rich media but drastically reduces its ability to multiply in media deprived of zinc. in agreement with this phenotype, znua accumulates only in bacteria cultivated in environments poor in ... | 2007 | 17923515 |
| bidirectional salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium transfer between bare/glove hands and green bell pepper and its interruption. | the aim of this study was to quantify the amount of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium transferred from volunteers' hands (bare or gloved) to green bell peppers and vice versa; and to assess the effectiveness of hand hygiene techniques. the highest and lowest percentages of bacterial transfer were achieve from green bell peppers to gloved hands (46.56%) and from bare hands to green bell peppers (0.21%), respectively. the highest and lowest log10 reductions of s. typhimurium were achieved by ... | 2007 | 17924266 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella spp. and isolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin in kuwait and the united arab emirates. | kuwait and united arab emirates (uae) are 2 countries with worldwide significance in the context of global epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. the extent of drug resistance in salmonella spp. isolated from these countries was investigated by determining their susceptibility to 9 antibiotics using the e-test method. amikacin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin had excellent activities against all kuwait and uae isolates with mic(90)s ranging between 0.056 and 4.5 microg/ ... | 2008 | 17931817 |
| antibiotic susceptibility profile of salmonella enterica serovars: trend over three years showing re-emergence of chloramphenicol sensitivity and rare serovars. | | 2007 | 17932450 |
| molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella enterica serotype stanley isolates in taiwan. | salmonella enterica serotype stanley became the third most common non-typhoidal salmonella serotype among human isolates in 2004. the present study was conducted to gain further understanding of the epidemiology and antimicrobial suseptibility of s. stanley. | 2007 | 17932601 |
| regulation of multidrug efflux systems involved in multidrug and metal resistance of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | multidrug-resistant strains of salmonella are now encountered frequently, and the rates of multidrug resistance have increased considerably in recent years. here, we report that the two-component regulatory system baesr increases multidrug and metal resistance in salmonella through the induction of drug efflux systems. screening of random fragments of genomic dna for the ability to increase beta-lactam resistance in salmonella enterica led to the isolation of a plasmid containing baer, which cod ... | 2007 | 17933888 |
| molecular epidemiology of blacmy-2 plasmids carried by salmonella enterica and escherichia coli isolates from cattle in the pacific northwest. | restriction analyses of bla(cmy-2)-bearing plasmids and salmonella and escherichia coli hosts identified (i) shared highly similar plasmids in these species in rare cases, (ii) a clonal host-plasmid relationship in salmonella enterica serotype newport, and (iii) a very high diversity of strain types and plasmids among commensal e. coli isolates. | 2007 | 17933916 |
| molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance patterns of salmonella enterica from southwestern greece. | a study was conducted at the university hospital of patras between january 2002 and december 2003 to investigate antibiotic resistance patterns and clonality of salmonella enterica in southwestern greece. | 2007 | 17934258 |
| amelioratory effects of zinc supplementation on salmonella-induced hepatic damage in the murine model. | zinc (zn) has been reported to influence the susceptibility of the host to a diverse range of infectious pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa. we report here an evaluation of the effects of zn supplementation on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium)-induced hepatic injury in the murine model. zinc levels in the plasma and liver tissues were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. the effect of zn supplementation was evaluated by assessing the bacteria ... | 2008 | 17934836 |
| salmonella enterica isolated from wildlife at two ohio rehabilitation centers. | between may and september 2004, fecal samples from various wildlife species admitted to two rehabilitation centers in ohio were cultured for salmonella enterica and escherichia coli o157:h7. eight of 71 (11%) samples, including specimens from three opossums (didelphis virginiana), two gray squirrels (sciurus carolinensis), a woodchuck (marmota monax), a harris hawk (parabuteo unicinctus), and a screech owl (otus asio) tested positive for salmonella serovars braenderup, senftenberg, oranienburg, ... | 2007 | 17939349 |
| comparative evaluation of in-house manual, and commercial semi-automated and automated dna extraction platforms in the sample preparation of human stool specimens for a salmonella enterica 5'-nuclease assay. | in the present study, three methods (nuclisens minimag [biomérieux], magna pure dna isolation kit iii bacteria/fungi [roche], and a silica-guanidiniumthiocyanate {si-guscn-f} procedure for extracting dna from stool specimens were compared with regard to analytical performance (relative dna recovery and down stream real-time pcr amplification of salmonella enterica dna), stability of the extracted dna, hands-on time (hot), total processing time (tpt), and costs. the si-guscn-f procedure showed th ... | 2007 | 17942177 |
| [infectious aetiologies of travelers' diarrhoea]. | traveler's diarrhoea (td) occurs in 20 to 60% of european or north-american travelers in intertropical areas. following return from endemic zone, malaria must always be evocated in front of febrile diarrhoea. many causative infectious agents are involved in td and their frequency may vary according to destination and seasons. the main agents involved in td are escherichia coli pathovars (especially enterotoxigenic and enteroaggregative e. coli) followed by enteroinvasive bacteria (campylobacter ... | 2007 | 17942257 |
| the wobble hypothesis revisited: uridine-5-oxyacetic acid is critical for reading of g-ending codons. | according to crick's wobble hypothesis, trnas with uridine at the wobble position (position 34) recognize a- and g-, but not u- or c-ending codons. however, u in the wobble position is almost always modified, and salmonella enterica trnas containing the modified nucleoside uridine-5-oxyacetic acid (cmo(5)u34) at this position are predicted to recognize u- (but not c-) ending codons, in addition to a- and g-ending codons. we have constructed a set of s. enterica mutants with only the cmo(5)u-cont ... | 2007 | 17942742 |
| pregnancy impairs the innate immune resistance to salmonella typhimurium leading to rapid fatal infection. | typhoid fever and gastroenteritis caused by salmonella enterica species are increasing globally. pregnancy poses a high risk, but it is unclear how maternal immunity to infection is altered. in mice, susceptible strains die of s. enterica serovar typhimurium (st) infection within 7 days whereas resistant mice (129 x 1/svj) develop a chronic infection. we found that virulent st infection during pregnancy, in normally resistant 129 x 1/svj mice, evoked approximately 100% fetal loss and surprisingl ... | 2007 | 17947683 |
| detection of plasmids and class 1 integrons in salmonella enterica serovar agona isolated from narms slaughter samples collected in the years 1997-2003. | a total of 60 salmonella enterica serovar agona isolates (25 pan-susceptible isolates and 35 isolates resistant to five or more antimicrobials) submitted to the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system-enteric bacteria (narms) from 1997 through 2003 were examined for plasmids and class 1 integrons. samples originated from cattle, turkey, chicken, and swine presented at federally inspected slaughter and processing plants. large plasmids (33-291 kb) were present in 83% of the isolates r ... | 2007 | 17949309 |
| the salmonella spi1 type three secretion system responds to periplasmic disulfide bond status via the flagellar apparatus and the rcscdb system. | upon contact with intestinal epithelial cells, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium injects a set of effector proteins into the host cell cytoplasm via the salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1) type iii secretion system (t3ss) to induce inflammatory diarrhea and bacterial uptake. the master spi1 regulatory gene hila is controlled directly by three arac-like regulators: hild, hilc, and rtsa. previous work suggested a role for dsba, a periplasmic disulfide bond oxidase, in spi1 t3ss function ... | 2008 | 17951383 |
| survival of indicator and pathogenic bacteria in bovine feces on pasture. | the survival of enteric bacteria was measured in bovine feces on pasture. in each season, 11 cow pats were prepared from a mixture of fresh dairy cattle feces and sampled for up to 150 days. four pats were analyzed for escherichia coli, fecal streptococci, and enterococci, and four inoculated pats were analyzed for campylobacter jejuni and salmonella enterica. two pats were placed on drainage collectors, and another pat was fitted with a temperature probe. in the first 1 to 3 weeks, there were i ... | 2007 | 17951435 |
| prevalence of salmonella enterica serovars and genovars from chicken carcasses in slaughterhouses in spain. | to determine the prevalence of salmonella enterica serovars in chicken carcasses in slaughterhouses in spain and to examine genotypic relations among these serovars. | 2007 | 17953547 |
| persistence of salmonella on egg conveyor belts is dependent on the belt type but not on the rdar morphotype. | commercial caged layer flocks in alberta, canada, are commonly monitored for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) and s. enterica serovar typhimurium (st) by environmental sampling. in one recent case, a se strain isolated from the egg conveyor belt was a source of persistent infection for the flock. this study was undertaken to examine salmonella colonization on egg conveyor belts and to determine whether the rdar morphotype, a conserved physiology associated with aggregation and long-t ... | 2007 | 17954588 |
| bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances from campylobacter spp. | twenty-five campylobacter isolates were screened for production of antimicrobial substances using a deferred antagonism assay. sixteen isolates showed activity against either staphylococcus aureus, salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis or candida albicans. the inhibitory activity was sensitive to treatment with pronase e, trypsin and pepsin, suggesting that the antimicrobial compound(s) are proteinaceous. activity spectra of isolates included s. aureus, micrococcus luteus, streptococcus sp., b ... | 2008 | 17955339 |
| changes in antimicrobial susceptibility in a population of salmonella enterica serovar dublin isolated from cattle in japan from 1976 to 2005. | we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibilities and resistance mechanisms of cattle-adapted salmonella enterica serovar dublin isolated in japan in the past 30 years. this study is an example of evaluation of the impact of introduction of antimicrobials in veterinary medical practice on the selection of resistance in s. enterica. | 2007 | 17956907 |
| salmonella choleraesuis as an anticancer agent in a syngeneic model of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma. | some anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria represent novel therapeutic agents that have been recently applied in cancer therapy. previously, we found that salmonella choleraesuis in combination with cisplatin could retard tumor growth in the murine subsutaneous hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) model. in this regard, we investigated the antitumor activity of s. choleraesuis in the ml-1 orthotopic tumor model. systemically administered s. choleraesuis accumulated within not only subcutaneous ... | 2008 | 17960612 |
| maltose binding protein (male) interacts with periplasmic loops p2 and p1 respectively of the malfg subunits of the maltose atp binding cassette transporter (malfgk(2)) from escherichia coli/salmonella during the transport cycle. | the atp binding cassette (abc-) transporter mediating the uptake of maltose/maltodextrins in escherichia coli/salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is one of the best characterized systems and serves as a model for studying the molecular mechanism by which abc importers exert their functions. the transporter is composed of a periplasmic maltose binding protein (male), and a membrane-bound complex (malfgk(2)), comprising the pore-forming hydrophobic subunits, malf and malg, and two copies of th ... | 2007 | 17961142 |