| genotoxicological response of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to spring water in tlaxcala, méxico. | this study evaluated the genotoxic impact of anthropic activities in huactzinco spring, using cyprinus carpio as a biomonitor. in situ and in vivo experimental designs were compared by means of simultaneous 2-week exposures. the water from the spring generated mean micronuclei frequency values (108.6 ± 32 mn/1,000) and dna fragmentation values (143.4 ± 35 au) which were statistically higher than those for the negative control (10.9 ± 6 mn/1,000 and 67.6 ± 23 au). the in situ and in vivo experime ... | 2014 | 24950945 |
| innate immune response of indian major carp, labeo rohita infected with oomycete pathogen aphanomyces invadans. | the fish pathogenic oomycete aphanomyces invadans is the causative agent of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (eus), a fish disease of international significance and reportable to the world organisation for animal health. in spite of the current and potential impact of a. invadans infection on fisheries and aquaculture sectors of the world, very little is known about the host-a. invadans interactions. in the present study, following experimental infection with a. invadans in one of the indian major ... | 2014 | 24945572 |
| the activity of carp muscle-specific creatine kinase at low temperature is enhanced by decreased hydrophobicity of residue 268. | abstract the muscle-specific forms of creatine kinase in rabbit (rm-ck) and carp (m1-ck) exhibit different temperature-dependent functional properties. replacing the glycine at residue 268 of rm-ck with asparagine increases the enzyme's activity at 10°c. in this study, we investigated how hydrophobicity of residue 268 affects the biochemical properties of rm-ck and m1-ck at low temperature. we generated three mutants of both rm-ck and m1-ck: asp268, lys268, and leu268. the secondary structures o ... | 2014 | 24940915 |
| mechanisms involved in apoptosis of carp leukocytes upon in vitro and in vivo immunostimulation. | during inflammation leukocyte activity must be carefully regulated, as high concentrations and/or prolonged action of pro-inflammatory mediators e.g. reactive oxygen species (ros) can be detrimental not only for pathogens but also for host tissues. programmed cell death - apoptosis is a most effective regulatory mechanism for down regulation of leukocyte activity, but little is known about this process in fish. we aimed to reveal the mechanisms of initiation and regulation of apoptosis in carp n ... | 2014 | 24925760 |
| caffeine-induced ca2+ oscillations in type i horizontal cells of the carp retina and the contribution of the store-operated ca2+ entry pathway. | the mechanisms of release, depletion, and refilling of endoplasmic reticulum (er) ca2+ were investigated in type i horizontal cells of the carp retina using a fluo-3-based ca2+ imaging technique. exogenous application of caffeine, a ryanodine receptor agonist, induced oscillatory intracellular free ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]i) responses in a duration- and concentration-dependent manner. in ca2+-free ringer's solution, [ca2+]i transients could also be induced by a brief caffeine application, wher ... | 2014 | 24918937 |
| metals and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals drugs present in water from madín reservoir (mexico) induce oxidative stress in gill, blood, and muscle of common carp (cyprinus carpio). | many toxic xenobiotics that enter the aquatic environment exert their effects through redox cycling. oxidative stress, which incorporates both oxidative damage and antioxidant defenses, is a common effect induced in organisms exposed to xenobiotics in their environment. the results of the present study aimed to determine the oxidative stress induced in the common carp cyprinus carpio by contaminants [metals and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids)] present in madín reservoir. five sampl ... | 2014 | 24916851 |
| construction and analysis of high-density linkage map using high-throughput sequencing data. | linkage maps enable the study of important biological questions. the construction of high-density linkage maps appears more feasible since the advent of next-generation sequencing (ngs), which eases snp discovery and high-throughput genotyping of large population. however, the marker number explosion and genotyping errors from ngs data challenge the computational efficiency and linkage map quality of linkage study methods. here we report the highmap method for constructing high-density linkage m ... | 2014 | 24905985 |
| [ecological risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in aquatic ecosystems of pearl river estuary]. | the risk quotient method and a probabilistic risk assessment method were applied for assessing aquatic ecological risk of nine organophosphorus pesticides, including thimet, dichlorovos, disulfoton, dimethoate, dimethyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, ethoprophos, sumithion and malathion on eight aquatic organisms in the pearl river estuary. results using the risk quotient method revealed that the risk level of opossum shrimp was the highest among eight aquatic organisms of the pearl river estuary. the ... | 2014 | 24881393 |
| traditional chinese medicine induced liver injury. | traditional chinese medicine (tcm) is popular around the world and encompasses many different practices with particular emphasis on herbal tcm. using the pubmed database, a literature search was undertaken to assess the extent herbal tcm products exert rare hepatotoxicity. analysis of reported cases revealed numerous specified herbal tcm products with potential hepatotoxicity. among these were an shu ling, bai fang, bai xian pi, ban tu wan, bo he, bo ye qing niu dan, bofu tsu sho san, boh gol zh ... | 2014 | 26357619 |
| molecular responses of fishes to elevated carbon dioxide. | hypercarbia, or elevated carbon dioxide, is an environmental challenge that can have detrimental effects on the physiology and performance of aquatic organisms. with aquatic hypercarbia predicted to become more prevalent in the future due to global climate change, it is important to quantify how hypercarbia impacts aquatic organisms, especially fish. the impact of hypercarbia on the behavior and physiology of fishes has been well studied, but relatively few studies have examined the molecular pr ... | 2015 | 24875566 |
| taxonomic validity and phylogenetic relationships of a newly-described tooth-carp, aphanius mesopotamicus coad, 2009 (teleostei: cyprinodontidae). | variation among complete cytb sequences (1140 bp) of aphanius mesopotamicus coad, 2009 was compared with closely related species, to investigate the validity of this taxon as a newly-described tooth-carp based on morphological characteristics. maximum likelihood and bayesian likelihood trees supported the monophyly of a. mesopotamicus and its sister group relationship to a. sophiae. some 10-16 differences were found when compared to four different population samples of a. sophiae, whereas, intra ... | 2014 | 24871855 |
| carp is a potential tumor suppressor in gastric carcinoma and a single-nucleotide polymorphism in carp gene might increase the risk of gastric carcinoma. | the caspase-associated recruitment domain-containing protein (carp) is expressed in almost all tissues. recently, the tumor-suppressive function of carp was discovered and attracted increasing attention. this study aimed to investigate the role of carp in the carcinogenesis of human gastric carcinoma. | 2014 | 24870804 |
| two new species of the tooth-carp aphanius (teleostei: cyprinodontidae) and the evolutionary history of the iranian inland and inland-related aphanius species . | two new species of aphanius are described from the kol drainage in southern iran (aphanius darabensis n. sp.) and the endorheic kavir basin in northern iran (a. kavirensis n. sp.), and compared with eight closely related species. aphanius darabensis n. sp. is sister to a. shirini, from which it is distinguished by molecular characters (cytochrome b) and the combination of three morphological characters: 9-18 flank bars in males (vs. 7-10), females with irregular vertical patches of brown color o ... | 2014 | 24869537 |
| ph-responsive thiolated chitosan nanoparticles for oral low-molecular weight heparin delivery: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. | the aim of present study was to investigate a ph-responsive and mucoadhesive nanoparticle system for oral bioavailability enhancement of low-molecular weight heparin (lmwh). the thioglycolic acid (tga) was first covalently attached to chitosan (cs) with 396.97 ± 54.54 μmol thiol groups per gram of polymer and then the nanoparticles were prepared with thiolated chitosan (tcs) and ph-sensitive polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (hpmcp) by ionic cross-linking method. the obtained nanop ... | 2016 | 24865290 |
| synthesis of (3s,3's)- and meso-stereoisomers of alloxanthin and determination of absolute configuration of alloxanthin isolated from aquatic animals. | in order to determine the absolute configuration of naturally occurring alloxanthin, a hplc analytical method for three stereoisomers 1a-c was established by using a chiral column. two authentic samples, (3s,3's)- and meso-stereoisomers 1b and 1c, were chemically synthesized according to the method previously developed for (3r,3'r)-alloxanthin (1a). application of this method to various alloxanthin specimens of aquatic animals demonstrated that those isolated from shellfishes, tunicates, and cru ... | 2014 | 24862182 |
| effects of cyhalothrin-based pesticide on early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the effects of nexide (a.i. gamma-cyhalothrin 60 g l(-1)) on cumulative mortality, growth indices, and ontogenetic development of embryos and larvae of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were studied. levels of oxidative stress parameters glutathione reductase (gr), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), catalase (cat), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), and lipid peroxidation were determined. eggs of newly fertilised common carp were exposed to nexide at concentrations 5, 25, 50, 100, and 250 μ g l(-1) (0. ... | 2014 | 24860807 |
| rh versus ph: the role of rhesus glycoproteins in renal ammonia excretion during metabolic acidosis in a freshwater teleost fish. | increased renal ammonia excretion in response to metabolic acidosis is thought to be a conserved response in vertebrates. we tested the hypothesis that rhesus (rh) glycoproteins in the kidney of the freshwater common carp, cyprinus carpio, play a crucial role in regulating renal ammonia excretion during chronic metabolic acidosis. exposure to water ph 4.0 (72 h) resulted in a classic metabolic acidosis with reduced plasma arterial ph and [hco3(-)], no change in pco2 and large changes in renal fu ... | 2014 | 24855681 |
| inhibition of the cardiac atp-dependent potassium current by kb-r7943. | kb-r7943 (2-[2-[4-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl]isothiourea) was developed as a specific inhibitor of the sarcolemmal sodium-calcium exchanger (ncx) with potential experimental and therapeutic use. however, in cardiomyocytes kb-r7943 also effectively blocks several k(+) currents including the delayed rectifier, ikr, and background inward rectifier, ik1. in the present study we analyze the effects of kb-r7943 on the atp-dependent potassium current (ikatp) recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp in ve ... | 2014 | 24845199 |
| peptide discovery in the ectoparasitic crustacean argulus siamensis: identification of the first neuropeptides from a member of the branchiura. | recent advances in high-throughput sequencing have facilitated the generation of large transcriptomic datasets for an ever-growing number of crustaceans, one being the carp louse argulus siamensis. this and other members of the subclass branchiura are obligate fish ectoparasites, and as such, are a major concern for commercial aquaculture. using the extant transcriptome shotgun assembly (tsa) sequences for a. siamensis, 27 transcripts encoding putative neuropeptide precursors were identified, an ... | 2014 | 24842716 |
| feeding common carp cyprinus carpio with β-glucan supplemented diet stimulates c-reactive protein and complement immune acute phase responses following pamps injection. | the effect of β-glucan as a feed additive on the serum and gene profile of c-reactive protein (crp) and complement acute phase responses was ascertained in common carp cyprinus carpio. in addition effects of subsequent intraperitoneal injections of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps), i.e. lps or poly(i:c), to mimic bacterial or viral infection respectively, were studied. carp were first orally fed with β-glucan (macrogard®) with a daily β-glucan intake of 6 mg per kg body weight or w ... | 2014 | 24830773 |
| habitat connectivity and resident shared predators determine the impact of invasive bullfrogs on native frogs in farm ponds. | habitat connectivity is considered to have an important role on the persistence of populations in the face of habitat fragmentation, in particular, for species with conservation concern. however, it can also impose indirect negative effects on native species through the spread of invasive species. here, we investigated direct and indirect effects of habitat connectivity on populations of invasive bullfrogs and native wrinkled frogs and how these effects are modified by the presence of common car ... | 2014 | 24827433 |
| [determination of 14 pesticide residues in crucian carp using on-line gel permeation chromatography-multi gas chromatography/mass spectrometry]. | a new method was developed for the determination of pesticide residues in crucian carp using on-line gel permeation chromatography-multi gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gpc-mdgc/ms). the pesticide residues were extracted with cyclohexane-ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) for twice. after being frozen, the extract was filtered by 0.22 microm member, and then cleaned up and analyzed by online gpc-mdgc/ms. the pesticides were selectively transferred from the 1st column to the 2nd column by means of he ... | 2014 | 24822450 |
| identification and characterization of micrornas in the spleen of common carp immune organ. | micrornas (mirnas) play an important role in the regulation of many fundamental biological processes in eukaryotes; however, mirnas associated with immune functions in the common carp have not been reported. in this study, a small-rna cdna library was constructed from the spleen of the common carp. a total of 10,603,456 high-quality clean reads, representing 293,603 unique sequences, were obtained from the small-cdna library using the solexa sequencing. by the bioinformatic analysis, 194 conserv ... | 2014 | 24819892 |
| ontogeny of critical and prolonged swimming performance for the larvae of six australian freshwater fish species. | critical (<30 min) and prolonged (>60 min) swimming speeds in laboratory chambers were determined for larvae of six species of australian freshwater fishes: trout cod maccullochella macquariensis, murray cod maccullochella peelii, golden perch macquaria ambigua, silver perch bidyanus bidyanus, carp gudgeon hypseleotris spp. and murray river rainbowfish melanotaenia fluviatilis. developmental stage (preflexion, flexion, postflexion and metalarva) better explained swimming ability than did length, ... | 2014 | 24814314 |
| anti-carp antibodies in two large cohorts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and their relationship to genetic risk factors, cigarette smoking and other autoantibodies. | in rheumatoid arthritis (ra), several genetic risk factors and smoking are strongly associated with the presence of anticitrullinated protein antibodies (acpa), while much less is known about risk factors for acpa-negative ra. antibodies against carbamylated proteins (anti-carp) have been described in both acpa-positive and acpa-negative ra patients. in this study, we have analysed the relationships among anti-carp antibodies, acpa, genetic risk factors (hla-drb1 alleles and ptpn22) and smoking ... | 2014 | 24812286 |
| effect of frying in different culinary fats on the fatty acid composition of silver carp. | the influence of frying with four different oils (sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil, and corn oil) on the fatty acid composition of silver carp was evaluated. the fat content of the fillets increased after frying while the moisture content decreased in all evaluated samples. mean saturated (sfa), monounsaturated (mufa), polyunsaturated (pufa) fatty acids, ∑ω3, and ∑ω6 contents of raw fish were 26.1 ± 0.5, 52.1 ± 1.1, 15.1 ± 0.6, 8.9 ± 0.1, and 6.1 ± 0.4%, respectively. frying led to exchange ... | 2013 | 24804033 |
| screening of endocrine disruption activity in sediments from the uruguay river. | sediment constitutes an important sink of endocrine disruptor compounds; however, the potential of sediments to act as a source of endocrine disruptors should be more extensively investigated. the main objective of this study was to determine whether exposure of immature common carp to uruguay river sediments undergo physiological and endocrine alterations. the lower uruguay river watershed supports intensive agricultural and forest production, receives municipal sewage discharge and industrial ... | 2014 | 24802028 |
| eutrophic urban ponds suffer from cyanobacterial blooms: dutch examples. | ponds play an important role in urban areas. however, cyanobacterial blooms counteract the societal need for a good water quality and pose serious health risks for citizens and pets. to provide insight into the extent and possible causes of cyanobacterial problems in urban ponds, we conducted a survey on cyanobacterial blooms and studied three ponds in detail. among 3,500 urban ponds in the urbanized dutch province of north brabant, 125 showed cyanobacterial blooms in the period 2009-2012. this ... | 2014 | 24798921 |
| evaluation of biochemical, haematological, and histopathological responses and recovery ability of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) after acute exposure to atrazine herbicide. | the aim of study was to evaluate the effect of atrazine exposure (5, 15, 20, and 30 mg·l(-1)) on common carp and the ability of regeneration. during 96 h exposure we observed abnormal behavior in fish exposed to 20 and 30 mg·l(-1). mortality and histological alterations were noticed only in the group exposed to 30 mg·l(-1). most experimental groups showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower values of haemoglobin, haematocrit, leukocyte, and lymphocyte and significantly higher values of monocytes, seg ... | 2014 | 24791011 |
| effects of sodium fluoride on mapks signaling pathway in the gills of a freshwater teleost, cyprinus carpio. | exposure to elevated levels of fluoride can cause a variety of adverse effects in fish. previously we showed that fluoride causes injuries and apoptosis in the gills of cyprinus carpio. in this study, the effects of fluoride on caspase-3 activity and on accumulation of proteins in the mapks pathways were evaluated using western blotting and immunohistochemistry methods in vivo and in vitro. in vivo experiments showed that the caspase-3 activity increased with fluoride exposure level in a dose-de ... | 2014 | 24780358 |
| metal levels in trachurus trachurus and cyprinus carpio in turkey. | concentrations of five toxic metals were determined in two fish species from turkish cities during 2010-2011. the obtained lead concentrations for all of the studied trachurus trachurus (mean 777 μg kg(-1)) and cyprinus carpio (mean 439 μg kg(-1)) samples were found to be higher than the maximum level (ml) of 300 μg kg(-1), while cd concentrations in the same samples were lower than the ml. mean chromium (501 μg kg(-1)), ni (272 μg kg(-1)) and cu (785 μg kg(-1)) concentrations in t. trachurus we ... | 2013 | 24779942 |
| ph shift protein recovery with organic acids on texture and color of cooked gels. | isoelectric solubilization and precipitation (isp) processing uses ph shifts to separate protein from fish frames, which may increase commercial interest for silver carp. texture and color properties of gels made from silver carp protein recovered at different ph strategies and organic acid types were compared. isp was applied to headed gutted silver carp using 10 mol l(-1) sodium hydroxide (naoh) and either glacial acetic acid (aa) or a (1:1) formic and lactic acid combination (f&l). protein ge ... | 2015 | 24777972 |
| effects of dietary microencapsulated sodium butyrate on growth, intestinal mucosal morphology, immune response and adhesive bacteria in juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio) pre-fed with or without oxidised oil. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different dietary sustained-release microencapsulated sodium butyrate (msb) products (0 (non-supplement), 1·5 and 3·0 h) for a control or oxidised soyabean oil (sbo) diet on fish production, intestinal mucosal condition, immunity and intestinal bacteria in juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio). dietary msb increased weight gain and reduced the feed conversion ratio within the control and oxidised sbo groups. gut mucosa was damaged i ... | 2014 | 24774835 |
| assessment of microcystin concentration in carp and catfish: a case study from lakshmikund pond, varanasi, india. | the present study was conducted to analyse microcystin concentrations in lakshmikund pond, varanasi, india, as well as in carp and catfish of the pond. the concentrations of microcystin were found well above the who guidelines (1 µg/l) both for the dissolved and particulate fractions of bloom samples. the microcystin concentrations in different organs of carp and catfish were in the following sequence; liver > gut > kidney > gall bladder > gills > muscles and gut > liver > kidney > gall bladder ... | 2014 | 24771133 |
| the effect of arsenic on some antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in various tissues of mirror carp (cyprinus carpio carpio). | the effect of arsenic bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, skin, muscle, and intestinal tissues of mirror carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) was investigated on lipid peroxidation and certain antioxidant enzyme activities. in this study, three aquarium groups were formed from mirror carp: control group, 0.5-, and 1-mg/l arsenic concentrations. the fish were dissected after 1 month. arsenic bioaccumulation, malondialdehyde (mda) levels, catalase (cat), and superoxide dismutase (sod) enzyme activities wer ... | 2015 | 24770925 |
| skeletal muscle plasticity induced by seasonal acclimatization in carp involves differential expression of rrna and molecules that epigenetically regulate its synthesis. | ribosomal biogenesis controls cellular growth in living organisms, with the rate-limiting step of this process being the transcription of ribosomal dna (rdna). considering that epigenetic mechanisms allow an organism to respond to environmental changes, the expression in muscle of several molecules that regulate epigenetic rrna synthesis, as well as rdna transcription, were evaluated during the seasonal acclimatization of the carp. first, the nucleotide sequences encoding the components forming ... | 2014 | 24769445 |
| corticotropin-releasing factor-binding protein (crf-bp) inhibits crf- and urotensin-i-mediated activation of crf receptor-1 and -2 in common carp. | corticotropin-releasing factor-binding protein (crf-bp) is considered a key determinant for crf receptor (crf-r) activation by crf and several related peptides. earlier studies have shown that the crf system is highly conserved in gene structures throughout evolution, yet little is known about the evolutionary conservation of its biological functions. therefore, we address the functional properties of crf-bp and crf-rs in a teleost fish (common carp; cyprinus carpio l.). we report the finding of ... | 2014 | 24769042 |
| the pathogenic potential of autoreactive antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is an autoimmune disease affecting ∼1 % of the population. although major advances have been made in the treatment of ra, relatively little is known about disease pathogenesis. autoantibodies, present in approximately 60 % of the patients with early disease, might provide indications for immunological mechanisms underlying ra. among the ra-associated autoantibodies, especially anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (acpas) have been studied intensively in the last decade ... | 2014 | 24763532 |
| development and evaluation of the first high-throughput snp array for common carp (cyprinus carpio). | a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) have been identified in common carp (cyprinus carpio) but, as yet, no high-throughput genotyping platform is available for this species. c. carpio is an important aquaculture species that accounts for nearly 14% of freshwater aquaculture production worldwide. we have developed an array for c. carpio with 250,000 snps and evaluated its performance using samples from various strains of c. carpio. | 2014 | 24762296 |
| bioaccumulation and elimination kinetics of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (2'-oh-bde68 and 4-oh-bde90) and their distribution pattern in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (oh-pbdes) have attracted wide concerns due to their toxicities and universal presence in wildlife and humans. the relatively high kow values of oh-pbdes imply these compounds may have a significant bioaccumulation potential, but so far, the existing data provide little information regarding the kinetics of uptake and depuration in any organisms. here we exposed common carps separately to two oh-pbdes, 2'-oh-bde68 and 4-oh-bde90, for 30 days (d) in a f ... | 2014 | 24759434 |
| the efficacy of alfaxalone for immersion anesthesia in koi carp (cyprinus carpio). | to characterize the physiologic and behavioral effects of a single induction dose and two maintenance doses of alfaxalone delivered by water immersion in the anesthesia of koi (cyprinus carpio). | 2014 | 24754530 |
| tyrosine hydroxylase in the olfactory system, forebrain and pituitary of the indian major carp, cirrhinus cirrhosus: organisation and interaction with neuropeptide y in the preoptic area. | dopamine (da) inhibits, whereas gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) stimulates, luteinisiing (lh) cells in the pituitary of some but not all teleosts. a reduction in the hypophysiotropic dopaminergic tone is necessary for the stimulatory effect of gnrh on lh cells. neuropeptide y (npy) has emerged as one of the potent, endogenous agent that modulates lh secretion directly or indirectly via gnrh. involvement of npy in the regulation of hypophysiotropic da neurones, however, is not known, but t ... | 2014 | 24750502 |
| evaluation of trace metal content by icp-ms using closed vessel microwave digestion in fresh water fish. | the objective of the present study was to investigate trace metal levels of different varieties of fresh water fish using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer after microwave digestion (md-icpms). fish samples were collected from the outlets of twin cities of hyderabad and secunderabad. the trace metal content in different varieties of analyzed fish were ranged from 0.24 to 1.68 mg/kg for chromium in cyprinus carpio and masto symbollon, 0.20 to 7.52 mg/kg for manganese in labeo rohi ... | 2014 | 24744789 |
| the muscle ankyrin repeat proteins carp, ankrd2, and darp are not essential for normal cardiac development and function at basal conditions and in response to pressure overload. | ankrd1/carp, ankrd2/arpp, and ankrd23/darp belong to a family of stress inducible ankyrin repeat proteins expressed in striated muscle (marps). the marps are homologous in structure and localized in the nucleus where they negatively regulate gene expression as well as in the sarcomeric i-band, where they are thought to be involved in mechanosensing. together with their strong induction during cardiac disease and the identification of causative ankrd1 gene mutations in cardiomyopathy patients, th ... | 2014 | 24736439 |
| tissue-specific fatty acids response to different diets in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | fish depend on dietary fatty acids (fa) to support their physiological condition and health. exploring the fa distribution in common carp (cyprinus carpio), one of the world's most consumed freshwater fish, is important to understand how and where fa of different sources are allocated. we investigated diet effects on the composition of polar and neutral lipid fatty acids (plfa and nlfa, respectively) in eight different tissues (dorsal and ventral muscle, heart, kidney, intestine, eyes, liver and ... | 2014 | 24733499 |
| the quality of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) cultured in various polish regions. | although environmental factors greatly affect the quality of carp meat, no regulations impose labelling the place of cultivation of freshwater fish. that is why the purpose of this study was to determine the quality of carp meat cultivated in several regions of poland as well as to assess the necessity of implementing such regulations. | 2014 | 24728906 |
| metabolic disposition and excretion of quinocetone in rats, pigs, broilers, and carp. | excretion, disposition, and metabolism of [(3)h]-quinocetone in rats, pigs, broilers, and carp following oral administration were investigated. after a single p.o. dose, total radioactivity was rapidly excreted, with ⩾94% in all species within 14 days. fecal excretion of radioactivity was 68% and 65% of the administered dose in rats and pigs, respectively, with the remainder excreted in the urine. six hours after the last of seven daily oral administrations of (3)h-labeled qct, radioactivity was ... | 2014 | 24727229 |
| bioavailability of the imidazole antifungal agent clotrimazole and its effects on key biotransformation genes in the common carp (cyprinus carpio). | clotrimazole (ctz) is a persistent imidazole antifungal agent which is frequently detected in the aquatic environment and predicted to bio-concentrate in fish. common carp (cyprinus carpio) were exposed to mean measured concentrations of either 1.02 or 14.63μgl(-1) ctz for 4 and 10 days, followed by a depuration period of 4 days in a further group of animals. following each exposure regimen, plasma and liver ctz concentrations were measured. mean measured plasma concentrations of ctz in animals ... | 2014 | 24727216 |
| effects of carbon tetrachloride on oxidative stress, inflammatory response and hepatocyte apoptosis in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | in the present study, the cellular and molecular mechanism of carbon tetrachloride (ccl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in fish was investigated by studying the effects of ccl4 on the oxidative stress, inflammatory response and hepatocyte apoptosis. common carp were given an intraperitoneal injection of 30% ccl4 in arachis oil (0.5ml/kg body weight). at 72h post-injection, blood were collected to measure glutamate pyruvate transaminase (gpt), glutamate oxalate transaminase (got), superoxide dismutase ( ... | 2014 | 24721155 |
| impact of acute arsenic and cadmium exposure on the expression of two haeme oxygenase genes and other antioxidant markers in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | the aim was to study the effects of cadmium (cd) and arsenic (as) on haeme oxygenases (hos) and other oxidative stress biomarkers, and their roles in macromolecule damage in liver and kidney of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). hos play a critical role in the defence system against oxidative damage, producing biliverdin and carbon monoxide with important free radical scavenging properties. however, increased ho activity in haeme degradation may also lead to a pro-oxidant effect through the liber ... | 2015 | 24706384 |
| antioxidant effects of propolis on carp cyprinus carpio exposed to arsenic: biochemical and histopathologic findings. | propolis, a resinous material produced by worker bees from the leaf buds and exudates of plants, is reported to possess various therapeutic properties. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of propolis on biochemical parameters and histopathologic findings in carp cyprinus carpio l. exposed to arsenic. a sublethal concentration of arsenic (0.01 mg l-1) and/or 10 mg l-1 propolis were administered to fish for 1 wk. catalase (cat) activities and malondialdehyde (mda) levels were dete ... | 2014 | 24695237 |
| disulfiram suppresses growth of the malignant pleural mesothelioma cells in part by inducing apoptosis. | dithiocarbamate compound disulfiram (dsf) that binds with copper and functions as an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase is a food and drug administration approved agent for treatment of alcoholism. copper complexed dsf (dsf-cu) also possesses anti-tumor and chemosensitizing properties; however, its molecular mechanisms of action remain unclear. here we investigated malignant pleural mesothelioma (mpm) suppressive effects of dsf-cu and the molecular mechanisms involved. dsf-cu inhibited growth o ... | 2014 | 24690739 |
| morphometric and molecular analyses of tylodelphys sp. metacercariae (digenea: diplostomidae) from the vitreous humour of four fish species from lake naivasha, kenya. | even in the relatively well-characterized faunas of the developed world, it is difficult to discriminate species of metacercariae in the diplostomidae using morphology, infection site or host use. the taxonomy, diversity and ecology of diplostomids infecting freshwater fishes in the african continent are particularly poorly known, but recent morphometric and genetic studies have revealed four species of diplostomids in the eyes and brains of siluriform fishes. in the present study, diplostomid m ... | 2015 | 24690126 |
| lactococcosis in silver carp. | an adult silver carp hypophthalmichthys molitrix with a focally extensive skin lesion near the caudal peduncle and mild iridial hemorrhage was submitted to the aquatic research and diagnostic laboratory (ardl) in stoneville, mississippi, as part of a fish kill investigation. touch impressions of this musculoskeletal lesion revealed small cocci (∼1 μm) in pairs or chains within an inflammatory milieu. a pure gram-positive cocci isolate was obtained from the brain, while cultures of the kidney and ... | 2014 | 24689953 |
| effect of terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy at environmental concentrations on early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the aim of the study was to investigate effects of the triazine's herbicide terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy on early life stage of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) through antioxidant indices, mortality, growth, development, and histopathology. based on accumulated mortality in the experimental groups, lethal concentrations of terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy were estimated at 35-day lc50 = 10.9 mg/l terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy. by day 15, fish were exposed to 3.5 mg/l and by day 26, fish were exposed to 0.0029 m ... | 2014 | 24689046 |
| rapid growth increases intrinsic predation risk in genetically modified cyprinus carpio: implications for environmental risk. | the intrinsic effect of feeding regime on survival and predation-induced mortality was experimentally tested in genetically modified (gm) cyprinus carpio and wild specimens. the results clearly indicate a knock-on effect of the gh gene (gcgh) introduction into the c. carpio genome on their vulnerability to predation. the experiments unequivocally showed that it is the genetic nature of the c. carpio rather than its size that affects the risk of predation. in addition, fed c. carpio were more sus ... | 2014 | 24684509 |
| bioavailability and bioaccumulation of sediment-bound polychlorinated biphenyls to carp. | the relative bioavailability of sediment-bound polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs 138, 153, and 180) from a local contaminated site was examined using an in vivo carp model. surface sediment from the pcb-contaminated site and spiked canola oil containing equivalent masses of pcbs were respectively incorporated in the sediment-dosed diets and oil-dosed diets at 3 dose levels resulting in 6 experimental diets. juvenile carps (n = 90) were divided in 18 tanks (5 fish × 6 treatments × 3 tanks). fish we ... | 2014 | 24677303 |
| effects of temperature change on cortisol release by common carp cyprinus carpio. | common carp cyprinus carpio, stressed by fish handling practices, responded with a decrease in cortisol secretion when temperature was lowered from 20 to 14° c within 3·5 h compared to those kept at 20° c. | 2014 | 24665879 |
| quinalphos induced alteration in respiratory rate and food consumption of freshwater fish cyprinus carpio. | acute toxicity of commercial grade organophosphate insecticide, quinalphos (25% emulsified concentration) to common carp (cyprinus carpio) was tested through bioassay. the acute toxicity of quinalphos to the fingerlings exposed for 96 hr was found to be 2.75 ppm. for sub lethal toxicity study, the fish were exposed to two concentration viz., 1/10th of lc50 (0.275 ppm) and 1/5th of lc50 (0.55 ppm) along with lethal concentration (2.75 ppm) as reference for 48 hr. the carps were under stress and m ... | 2014 | 24665768 |
| utilizing stomach content and faecal dna analysis techniques to assess the feeding behaviour of largemouth bass micropterus salmoides and bluegill lepomis macrochirus. | in this study, the feeding behaviour of the non-native invasive predatory fishes largemouth bass micropterus salmoides and bluegill lepomis macrochirus was studied in the ezura river, a northern tributary of lake biwa, japan. prey composition was estimated based on visual examination of stomach contents and faecal dna analysis to determine feeding habits of these predatory fishes. stomach content analysis showed that native fishes (e.g. ayu plecoglossus altivelis and gobies rhinogobius spp.) and ... | 2014 | 24661110 |
| comparison of long-term outcomes of s and j pouches and continent ileostomies in ulcerative colitis patients with restorative proctocolectomy-experience in subspecialty pouch center. | there are no published studies comparing pouch configurations and long-term adverse outcomes. | 2014 | 24657364 |
| in vivo effects of deoxynivalenol (don) on innate immune responses of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | deoxynivalenol (don) is one of the most important members of fusarium toxins since it often can be found in relevant concentrations in animal feeds. the effects of this group of toxins on fish are mostly unknown. the present study shows results from a feeding trial with carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using three different concentrations of don (352μgkg(-1), 619μgkg(-1), and 953μgkg(-1) final feed, respectively) which are comparable to levels found in commercial fish feeds. effects on growth and mass ... | 2014 | 24650758 |
| assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic potential of hexavalent chromium in the freshwater fish labeo rohita (hamilton, 1822). | the present study was undertaken to investigate the genotoxicity and mutagenicity of sublethal concentrations of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) in the indian major carp, labeo rohita. the 96 h lc50 value of potassium dichromate estimated was 118 mg l(-1) by probit analysis using spss (version 16.0) software. based on 96 h lc50 value, three sublethal test concentrations of potassium dichromate (29.5, 59.0 and 88.5 mg l(-)(1)) were selected and specimens were exposed in vivo to these t ... | 2015 | 24649973 |
| carp, a myostatin-downregulated gene in cfm cells, is a novel essential positive regulator of myogenesis. | myostatin, a member of the tgf-β superfamily, has been shown to act as a negative regulator of myogenesis. although its role in myogenesis has been clearly documented through genetic analysis, few gene cascades that respond to myostatin signaling and regulate myogenesis have been characterized, especially in avian species. in a previous study, we screened for such genes in chicken fetal myoblasts (cfms) using the differential display pcr method and found that cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp ... | 2014 | 24644428 |
| laboratory biomarkers or imaging in the diagnostics of rheumatoid arthritis? | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a common autoimmune disease in which a heterogeneous course and different pathogenic mechanisms are implicated in chronic inflammation and joint destruction. despite the diagnostic contribution of anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (acpas) and rheumatoid factors, about one-third of ra patients remain seronegative. acpas belong to a heterogeneous family of autoantibodies targeting citrullinated proteins, including myelin-basic protein, several histone prote ... | 2014 | 24642071 |
| serum and ultrastructure responses of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) during long-term exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. | the uptake of nanoparticles by aquatic organisms such as fish has raised concerns about the possible adverse effects of nanoparticles (nps). in this study, we aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects in juvenile common carp exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles (zno-nps) for 12 weeks. the carp were exposed to 0 (control), 0.1, 0.3, 0.8, and 2.4mg/l of zno-nps under a flow-through exposure system. fish were sampled at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks to test for zinc in the test water and blood, and bioche ... | 2014 | 24632117 |
| complementary dna cloning and functional characterization of cytochrome p450 3a138 in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the full-length sequence of a cytochrome p450 3a 138 (cyp3a138) cdna in common carp was cloned and sequenced. the transcriptional and microsome enzyme activities of cyp3a138 in the fish liver after rifampicin exposure were also determined in this study. the results showed that the full-length cyp3a138 cdna is 1912 base pairs (bp) long and contains an open reading frame of 1551 bp encoding a protein of 517 amino acids. sequence analysis revealed that cyp3a138 is highly conserved in fish. furtherm ... | 2014 | 24623513 |
| ovarian development and related changes in steroid hormones in female wild common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio), from the south-eastern caspian sea. | wild common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) is a native valuable but threatened species from the south-eastern caspian sea in which the endocrine control of its reproduction has not been studied. the objectives of this research were to study the reproductive strategy and changes in steroid hormones during ovarian development. from october 2009 to june 2010, 65 adult females were caught from the golestan coast (iran) and the ovarian histology, and gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices (gsi and hs ... | 2014 | 24621281 |
| metal bioaccumulation in common carp and rudd from the topolnitsa reservoir, bulgaria. | concentrations of arsenic (as), cadmium (cd), copper (cu), nickel (ni), lead (pb), and zinc (zn) were determined in water samples and five fish organs (gills, liver, kidney, spleen, and muscle) of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and common rudd (scardinius erythrophthalmus l.) from the topolnitsa reservoir (bulgaria) in three seasons (spring, summer, and autumn). this water ecosystem is located in a copper mining and metallurgical region. water metal concentrations were significantly higher in ... | 2014 | 24620011 |
| prediction of the bioconcentration factor in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using data from the dietary exposure bioaccumulation fish test. | an approach to predicting the bioconcentration factor (bcfpre ) from the predicted uptake rate constant (k1 pre ) and the depuration rate constant measured in the dietary exposure bioaccumulation fish test (k2 dietary ) [bcfpre = k1 pre /k2 dietary ] is proposed in test guideline 305 of the organization for economic cooperation and development guidelines for testing of chemicals. data were collected on the bcfs of 197 test chemicals from japan's chemical substances control law database. to demo ... | 2014 | 24619947 |
| vaccination of plasmid dna encoding orf81 gene of cj strains of khv provides protection to immunized carp. | in order to construct the recombinant plasmid of pires-orf81, the nucleic acid isolated from koi herpes virus-cj (khv-cj) strains was used as a template to insert the orf81 gene fragments amplified by pcr into the pires-neo, a kind of eukaryotic expression vector. using western blotting analysis, it was verified that orf81 gene protein can be expressed correctly by pires-orf81, after mfc cells were transfected. the recombinant plasmid pires-orf81 was set into three immunization dose gradients: 1 ... | 2014 | 24619212 |
| hyperplasia and cellularity changes in igf-1-overexpressing skeletal muscle of crucian carp. | the zebrafish skeletal muscle-specific promoter mylz2 was used to cause crucian carp overexpression of the zebrafish igf-1 cdna. in stable transgenic germline f1 progenies, a 5-fold increase in the level of igf-1 in skeletal muscle was observed. evident skeletal muscle hyperplasia was observed in the transgenic fish through histologic analysis. by analyzing the rna sequencing transcriptome of the skeletal muscle of igf-1 transgenic fish and nontransgenic control fish at 15 months of age, 10 966 ... | 2014 | 24617525 |
| effects of dimethoate (30% ec), an organophosphate pesticide on liver of common carp, cyprinus carpio. | organ histopathology and changes in biochemical parameters in fish are good biomarkers of aquatic pollution. this study is an attempt to assess the effects of dimethoate, an organophosphate insecticide on the liver of common carp (c. carpio). healthy individual fish were exposed to 0.40 mg l(-1) (25% of 96 hr lc50) concentration of dimethoate, for short term (96 hr). liver of the exposed fish exhibited alterations like disruption of regular arrangement of hepatocytes, congestion and rupture of v ... | 2013 | 24617155 |
| comparative assessment of in vitro and in vivo toxicity of azinphos methyl and its commercial formulation. | the toxic effects of gusathion (gus), which is a commercial organophosphate (op) pesticide, and also its active ingredient, azinphos methyl (azm), are evaluated comparatively with in vitro and in vivo studies. initially, the 96-h lc50 values of azm and gus were estimated for two different life stages of xenopus laevis, embryos, and tadpoles. the actual azm concentrations in exposure media were monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography. also, the sub-lethal effects of these compounds to ... | 2015 | 24616035 |
| analysis of the skin transcriptome in two oujiang color varieties of common carp. | body color and coloration patterns are important phenotypic traits to maintain survival and reproduction activities. the oujiang color varieties of common carp (cyprinus carpio var. color), with a narrow distribution in zhejiang province of china and a history of aquaculture for over 1,200 years, consistently exhibit a variety of body color patterns. the molecular mechanism underlying diverse color patterns in these variants is unknown. to the practical end, it is essential to develop molecular ... | 2014 | 24603653 |
| carp-1 functional mimetics are a novel class of small molecule inhibitors of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. | malignant pleural mesothelioma (mpm) is an asbestos-related thoracic malignancy that is characterized by late metastases, and resistance to therapeutic modalities. the toxic side-effects of mpm therapies often limit their clinical effectiveness, thus necessitating development of new agents to effectively treat and manage this disease in clinic. carp-1 functional mimetics (cfms) are a novel class of compounds that inhibit growth of diverse cancer cell types. here we investigated mpm cell growth s ... | 2014 | 24598827 |
| image of the month: roe impaction after a carp meal in a woman with gastric banding. | | 2014 | 24594948 |
| organochlorine pesticides and antioxidant enzymes are inversely correlated with liver enzyme gene expression in cyprinus carpio. | the present study was designed to investigate the association between levels of organochlorine pesticides (ocps) and liver enzyme responses in cyprinus carpio. fish were caught at three stations in the büyük menderes river (bmr): the origin, the sarayköy station, and the estuary. seventeen ocps were quantified in liver tissue, as well as in river water by gas chromatography (gc)-electron capture detection, and structures were confirmed by negative chemical ionization-gc-mass spectrometry. the ac ... | 2014 | 24583044 |
| discrimination and simultaneous detection of two myxozoan parasites belonging to genus thelohanellus by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | thelohanellus kitauei and thelohanellus hovorkai are myxozoan parasites pathogenic in cyprinid fish especially adult israel carp and common carp. in the present study, the complete 18s rrna-its1-5.8s rrna-its2 sequences of these two thelohanellus species were cloned with primers designed from information from genbank and previous studies. the results revealed that its1 and its2 sequences of t. kitauei and t. hovorkai were clearly distinguished although the 18s rrna regions of the two parasites w ... | 2014 | 24582523 |
| distribution and bioconcentration of endocrine disrupting chemicals in surface water and fish bile of the pearl river delta, south china. | the distribution and bioconcentration of endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) in water, algae, and wild carp bile of the pearl river delta (prd), south china were investigated. 4-tert octylphenol (op), 4-nonylphenol (np), and bisphenol a (bpa) (unit, ng l(-1)) in water were in the ranges of 1-14, 117-865, and 4-377, those (ng g(-1) dry weight) in algae were in the ranges of 2-13, 53-282, and 16-94, and those (ng g(-1)) in carp bile were in the ranges of 14-39, 950-4648, 70-1020, respectively. e ... | 2014 | 24582358 |
| risk-taking behaviour may explain high predation mortality of gh-transgenic common carp cyprinus carpio. | the competitive ability and habitat selection of juvenile all-fish gh-transgenic common carp cyprinus carpio and their size-matched non-transgenic conspecifics, in the absence and presence of predation risk, under different food distributions, were compared. unequal-competitor ideal-free-distribution analysis showed that a larger proportion of transgenic c. carpio fed within the system, although they were not overrepresented at a higher-quantity food source. moreover, the analysis showed that tr ... | 2013 | 24580661 |
| c-fos and c-jun expression in the liver of silver carp and the effect of microcystins. | in the present study, c-fos and c-jun cdnas were cloned, and their phylogenetic trees were constructed. the results demonstrate that the full-length c-fos cdna is 1719 bp and contains a 1059-bp open reading frame (orf) encoding 352 amino acids. the c-jun cdna is 1931 bp and contains a 927-bp orf encoding 308 amino acids. moreover, constitutive expression of c-fos and c-jun was detected in all examined tissues of the silver carp using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the live ... | 2014 | 24574083 |
| isomers of dechlorane plus in an aquatic environment in a highly industrialized area in southern china: spatial and vertical distribution, phase partition, and bioaccumulation. | dechlorane plus (dp) was determined in aquatic environment including sediment, sediment core, water, and fish species in a highly industrialized area in pearl river delta, south china. dp was analyzed in sediments and water at concentration ranging from 0.08 to 19.4 ng/g dry weight and from 0.24 to 0.78 ng/l, respectively. dp was detected in 80% of fish samples with concentration between undetectable level to 189 ng/g lipid weight. dp levels were significantly higher in the top layer (depth less ... | 2014 | 24568839 |
| organ damage and hepatic lipid accumulation in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) after feed-borne exposure to the mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (don). | deoxynivalenol (don) frequently contaminates animal feed, including fish feed used in aquaculture. this study intends to further investigate the effects of don on carp (cyprinus carpio l.) at concentrations representative for commercial fish feeds. experimental feeding with 352, 619 or 953 μg don kg(-1) feed resulted in unaltered growth performance of fish during six weeks of experimentation, but increased lipid peroxidation was observed in liver, head kidney and spleen after feeding of fish wit ... | 2014 | 24566729 |
| gene structure and identification of minimal promoter of pou2 expressed in spermatogonial cells of rohu carp, labeo rohita. | mammalian pou5f1 is a known transcriptional regulator involving maintenance of embryonic and spermatogonial stem cells. little is known about teleost pou2, an ortholog of mammalian pou5f1. evidences of discrepancy in expression pattern between fish species were documented. to better understand, we have cloned and characterized pou2 gene of farmed rohu carp, labeo rohita. it contained five exons with an open reading frame of 1419 bp long, translatable to 472 aa. a bipartite dna binding domain ter ... | 2014 | 24566687 |
| herbicide clomazone effects on δ-aminolevulinic acid activity and metabolic parameters in cyprinus carpio. | the objective of this study was to investigate δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ala-d) activity and metabolic parameters of cyprinus carpio exposed to clomazone herbicide. fish were exposed 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg l(-1) of clomazone for 192 h. results indicated that δ-ala-d activity was decreased in the gills at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg l(-1). liver glycogen increased, while muscle and gill glycogen levels decreased at 5, 10 and 20 mg l(-1). glucose was increased in the gills and plasma. lactate decre ... | 2014 | 24562457 |
| cooking fish is not effective in reducing exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances. | consumption of fish is considered a part of a healthy diet; however, health risks from fish consumption exist due to potential exposure to various contaminants accumulated in fish. cooking fish can reduce exposure to many organic chemicals in fish. similar results have been presented for low levels of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfass), a class of contaminants of emerging concern, in grocery store fish. we examined the effectiveness of three cooking methods (i.e., baking, broi ... | 2014 | 24561272 |
| comparative studies of toll-like receptor signalling using zebrafish. | zebrafish model systems for infectious disease are increasingly used for the functional analysis of molecular pattern recognition processes. these studies benefit from the high conservation level of all innate immune factors in vertebrates. zebrafish studies are strategically well positioned for this because of the ease of comparisons with studies in other fish species of which the immune system also has been intensively studied, but that are currently still less amendable to detailed genetic or ... | 2014 | 24560981 |
| proteomic analysis of hepatic tissue of cyprinus carpio l. exposed to cyanobacterial blooms in lake taihu, china. | with the rapid development of industry and agriculture and associated pollution, the cyanobacterial blooms in lake taihu have become a major threat to aquatic wildlife and human health. in this study, the ecotoxicological effects of cyanobacterial blooms on cage-cultured carp (cyprinus carpio l.) in meiliang bay of lake taihu were investigated. microcystins (mcs), major cyanobacterial toxins, have been detected in carp cultured at different experimental sites of meiliang bay. we observed that th ... | 2014 | 24558380 |
| effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on cytochrome p450 in common carp liver. | atrazine (atr) and chlorpyrifos (cpf), widely used in agriculture, have resulted in a series of toxicological and environmental problems. we investigated the activities of the biotransformation enzymes ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) and pentoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (prod), total cytochrome p450 (cyp), cyp1a mrna level and level of tissue atr, cpf, and their metabolites in the liver of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) after a 40-d exposure to cpf and atr, alone or in combination, and a 20-d ... | 2014 | 24530164 |
| hazard assessment of metals in invasive fish species of the yamuna river, india in relation to bioaccumulation factor and exposure concentration for human health implications. | monitoring of heavy metals was conducted in the yamuna river considering bioaccumulation factor, exposure concentration, and human health implications which showed contamination levels of copper (cu), lead (pb), nickel (ni), and chromium (cr) and their dispersion patterns along the river. largest concentration of pb in river water was 392 μg l(-1); cu was 392 μg l(-1) at the extreme downstream, allahabad and ni was 146 μg l(-1) at midstream, agra. largest concentration of cu was 617 μg kg(-1), n ... | 2014 | 24526612 |
| cadmium accumulation in gill, liver, kidney and muscle tissues of common carp, cyprinus carpio, and nile tilapia, oreochromis niloticus. | accumulation of cadmium in gill, liver, muscle and kidney tissues of cyprinus carpio and oreochromis niloticus were investigated in fish exposed to 0.5 ppm cadmium over 1, 15 and 30 days under controlled laboratory conditions. tissue accumulation of the metal was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometric techniques. cadmium accumulation in gill, liver, kidney and muscle, tissues of c. carpio and o. niloticus exposed to metal for 1, 15 and 30 days increased significantly compared with t ... | 2014 | 24526282 |
| genetic stock structure of osteobrama belangeri (valenciennes, 1844) in indian region. | osteobrama belangeri is an important medium carp endemic to manipur state in india myanmar and yunnan province of china. although the species is listed as near threatened species according to iucn status with sizeable population available in myanmar, it is extinct in the wild in manipur. an 842 bp segment atp synthase 6/8 region of mtdna was sequenced and analysed for 56 o. belangeri individuals. analysis of population differentiation showed no significant genetic differentiation between the fou ... | 2016 | 24521501 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of yangtze river wild common carp (cyprinus carpio haematopterus) and russian scattered scale mirror carp (cyprinus carpio carpio). | we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of (cyprinus carpio haematopterus) and russian scattered scale mirror carp (cyprinus carpio carpio). comparison of these two mitogenomes revealed that the mitogenomes of these two common carp strains were remarkably similar in genome length, gene order and content, and at content. there were only 55 bp variations in 16,581 nucleotides. about 1 bp variation was located in rrnas, 2 bp in trnas, 9 bp in the control region and 43 bp in protein-coding genes. furt ... | 2016 | 24521500 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of xingguo red carp (cyprinus carpio var. singuonensis) and purse red carp (cyprinus carpio var. wuyuanensis). | the complete mitochondrial genomes of xingguo red carp (cyprinus carpio var. singuonensis) and purse red carp (cyprinus carpio var. wuyuanensis) were sequenced. comparison of these two mitochondrial genomes revealed that the mtdnas of these two common carp varieties were remarkably similar in genome length, gene order and content, and at content. however, size variation between these two mitochondrial genomes presented here showed 39 site differences in overall length. about 2 site differences w ... | 2016 | 24521498 |
| carbofuran promotes biochemical changes in carp exposed to rice field and laboratory conditions. | effects of carbofuran commercial formulation on oxidative stress parameters were studied in carps (cyprinus carpio) exposed to 50µg/l for 7 and 30 days under rice field and laboratory conditions. thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (tbars) levels were increased in the brain of fish after 7 and 30 days under rice field and laboratory conditions. in the liver and muscle, tbars levels increased after 7 and 30 days under laboratory conditions, whereas in rice field the levels increased only after ... | 2014 | 24507130 |
| validation of biomarkers for loin meat quality (m. longissimus) of pigs. | the aim of this study was to validate previously reported associations between microarray gene expression levels and pork quality traits using real-time pcr. meat samples and meat quality data from 100 pigs were collected from a different pig breed to the one tested by microarray (large white versus pietrain) and a different country of origin (denmark versus germany). ten genes (carp, mb, csrp3, tnnc1, vapb, tnni1, hspb1, tnnt1, timp-1, rad-like) were chosen from the original microarray study on ... | 2014 | 24506540 |
| two new and two already known species of genus thelohanellus kudo, 1933 (myxozoa: myxosporea: bivalvulida) infecting indian major carp fishes in punjab wetlands (india). | a survey of parasites of freshwater fishes in harike, kanjali and ropar wetland of punjab (india) revealed the presence of two new and two already known myxosporean species belonging to the genus thelohanellus kudo, 1933 parasitizing fins and gills respectively. spores of the first species, t. kalavatae n. sp. measure 11.5 × 4.9 μm, elongately oval in valvular view having rounded blunt anterior end and rounded posterior end with lateral walls almost parallel to each other. polar capsule is globu ... | 2014 | 24505178 |
| uptake and biological effects of synthetic glucocorticoids in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | uptake and biological effects of synthetic glucocorticoids (gcs) were analyzed using common carp (cyprinus carpio). fish were exposed to clobetasol propionate (cp) or clobetasone butyrate (cb) individually or in mixture at 1 μg l(-1) for 21 days. bioconcentration factor (bcf) of cb was calculated as 100, and bcf of cp was less than 16. no effects were found in fish erythrocyte and leukocyte numbers and serum glucose levels after exposure to the selected gcs. on the other hand, serum concentratio ... | 2014 | 24492153 |
| levels and trends of pbdes and hbcds in the global environment: status at the end of 2012. | in this paper, we have compiled and reviewed the most recent literature, published in print or online from january 2010 to december 2012, relating to the human exposure, environmental distribution, behaviour, fate and concentration time trends of polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) and hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) flame retardants, in order to establish their current trends and priorities for future study. more data are now becoming available for remote areas not previously studied, indian oce ... | 2014 | 24486972 |