| pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime axetil suspension in infants and children. | the pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime axetil suspension in 28 infants and children, ranging in age from 3 months to 12 years (mean, 23 months), were studied. mean maximum serum cefuroxime concentrations of 3.3, 5.1, and 7.0 micrograms/ml were achieved 3.6, 2.7, and 3.1 h after the administration of doses of 10, 15, and 20 mg, respectively, of cefuroxime axetil suspension per kg of body weight together with milk or milk formula. these concentrations exceed the mics for common respiratory tract patho ... | 1991 | 1759825 |
| effect of fusafungine on adherence of haemophilus influenzae type b to human epithelial cells in vitro. | haemophilus influenzae, a normal host of the nasopharynx of humans, may become a pathogen. the first step of infection is adherence to epithelial cells of the nasopharynx through glycopeptidic adhesins, or pili. adherence to human epithelial cells in continuous lines, hela and hep2, of 8 piliated strains of haemophilus influenzae isolated from human infections of the respiratory tract was studied in vitro in the presence of fusafungine, a local bacteriostatic antibiotic. when the bacteria were g ... | 1991 | 1760521 |
| quantitative measure of small vessel anastomotic contour using corrosion resin cast models: an aid to surgical training. | a surgeon who had not previously carried out a small vessel anastomosis performed 20 consecutive anastomoses between human long saphenous vein and the left anterior descending artery of a pig's heart. corrosion resin cast models were made of the anastomoses and subjected to a quantitative analysis of the anastomotic contour. a trend of improvement in contour parameters was found with increasing experience. this model may be useful for surgeons in training. | 1991 | 1760709 |
| recpam: a computer program for recursive partition and amalgamation for survival data and other situations frequently occurring in biostatistics. iii. classification according to a multivariate construct. application to data on haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis. | the methodology of recursive partition and amalgamation (recpam) previously presented in parts i and ii (a. ciampi et al., computer. methods progr. biomed. 26 (1988) 239-256 and 30 (1989) 283-296) pursues its development with an application to predict long-term effects of a disease given a set of clinical information measured at the time of illness. this paper illustrates how recpam deals with a situation typical in medical informatics applied to data on haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis. | 1991 | 1760925 |
| killing kinetics of cefuroxime axetil against haemophilus influenzae in an in-vitro model simulating serum concentration profiles after oral administration. | we have used a dynamic in-vitro model to determine the killing kinetics of two formulations of cefuroxime axetil against 18 clinical strains of haemophilus influenzae. the concentration of cefuroxime axetil was adjusted dynamically to simulate the mean serum profile in healthy volunteers following the administration of a single 250 mg dose in oral suspension or tablet form. bacterial numbers were reduced by 3 log10 cfu/ml during the eight-hour experimental period with both dosage form simulation ... | 1991 | 1761448 |
| ceftibuten versus cefaclor for the treatment of bronchitis. | ceftibuten is an oral third generation cephalosporin with potent antimicrobial activity against enterobacteriaceae, beta-lactamase positive haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, neisseria meningitidis, neisseria gonorrheae, penicillin-susceptible pneumococci, and beta-hemolytic streptococci. to study the efficacy and safety of ceftibuten for treatment of bronchitis, 58 patients were randomized to therapy with either ceftibuten 400 mg once a day or cefaclor 250 mg every 8 h at a ratio of ... | 1991 | 1761452 |
| [clinical evaluation of cefdinir 5% fine granules in pediatrics]. | clinical evaluation in pediatrics on cefdinir (cfdn, fk482) (5% fine granules), a new oral cephem, was performed. 1. cfdn was administered to 112 pediatric patients with ages between 1 month to 13 years with various infections. dose levels used were 3.0-8.9 mg/kg (mean 5.1 mg/kg) t.i.d. for 3-14 days (mean 6.7 days). the studied patients included 2 patients with scarlet fever, 6 with acute pharyngitis, 6 with acute rhinopharyngitis, 52 with acute purulent tonsillitis, 8 with acute bronchitis, 24 ... | 1991 | 1762167 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical evaluations of cefdinir 10% fine granules in pediatrics]. | pharmacokinetic, bacteriological, and clinical studies on cefdinir (cfdn, fk482) (10% fine granules), a new oral cephem, were performed in pediatrics. 1. bioequivalencies of plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of cfdn 5% and 10% fine granules were investigated on 3 pediatric patients with ages between 5 to 13 years administered with a drug in fasting state at a dose level of 3 mg/kg using a cross over method. average plasma concentrations in a group of patients administered with 5% fine ... | 1991 | 1762168 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefdinir fine granules in the field of pediatrics]. | the pharmacokinetics and clinical effectiveness of cefdinir (cfdn, fk482) were examined in pediatric patients. the results are summarized as follows. 1. plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of cfdn after administration of 5% fine granules were investigated on 4 children at a dose level of 6 mg/kg. average plasma concentrations peaked at 4 hours after administration at 0.99 micrograms/ml with a half-life of 2.12 hours. the first 24-hour urinary recovery rates of cfdn in 3 children average ... | 1991 | 1762171 |
| dynamic properties of respiratory timing following cocaine administration. | we assessed the timing and amplitude characteristics of diaphragmatic muscle activity following administration of intravenous cocaine hcl (10 mg/kg) to awake, unrestrained cats. cocaine produced a pronounced tachypnea which was interrupted by deep inspiratory efforts coincident with tonic-clonic movements over the first 10 min following cocaine administration. following that period, diaphragmatic cycle rates slowly increased for up to 1 h and were interrupted occasionally by longer inspiratory e ... | 1991 | 1763115 |
| treatment failure in otitis-prone children with prophylactic tympanostomy tubes is correlated with nasopharyngeal haemophilus influenzae colonization. | tympanostomy tubes are used to prevent recurrent otitis media among otitis-prone children. however, not all children benefit from this treatment. in the present study 28 children (19 boys, 9 girls) were given bilateral tympanostomy tubes at age 9-22 months (mean 14 months). they were observed 6 months before and after tube insertion. the treatment was considered successful for 20 children. among these, 16 completely lacked or had one episode of middle ear discharge and 4 had otorrhea on two occa ... | 1991 | 1763631 |
| glucose and glutamine metabolism in rat macrophages: enhanced glycolysis and unaltered glutaminolysis in spontaneously diabetic bb rats. | metabolism of glutamine (gln, 2 mm) and glucose (5 mm) was studied in vitro in isolated resident peritoneal macrophages from both normal (bbn) and spontaneously diabetic bb (bbd) rats. the major products from gln were ammonia, glutamate, co2 and to a lesser extent aspartate. glucose decreased (p less than 0.01) the production of ammonia, co2 and aspartate from gln by 34-60%, but had no effect on the amount of glutamate accumulated. the major products from glucose were lactate and to a much lesse ... | 1991 | 1764469 |
| bacterial meningitis--an update. | this report emphasizes new clinical information about bacterial meningitis in infants and children. important elements of diagnosis include examination for the presence of shock and increased intracranial pressure. in such cases, initial treatment should focus on appropriate fluid therapy, administration of oxygen, reduction of intracranial pressure and use of corticosteroids. currently, antibiotics of choice include ampicillin plus either cefotaxime or ceftriaxone in young infants, and one of t ... | 1991 | 1764875 |
| the epidemiology and prevention of disease caused by haemophilus influenzae type b. | disease caused by h. influenzae type b is a world-wide problem of major proportions that affects both developed and developing countries. young children are at particularly high risk of developing serious invasive infections. there has been tremendous recent progress in the development of vaccines that are immunogenic even in young infants. clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of these polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines in infants. two of these vaccines have been licensed in the ... | 1991 | 1765109 |
| characterization of a legionella pneumophila gene encoding a lipoprotein antigen. | a prominent 19 kda surface antigen of legionella pneumophila, cloned in escherichia coli, was found to be intimately associated with peptidoglycan. the dna region encoding this antigen was mapped on an 11.9 kb plasmid by means of deletion analysis and transposon mutagenesis. phoa+ gene fusions, gene-rated by tnphoa insertions into this region, confirmed the presence of a gene encoding a secreted protein. phoa+ transposon insertions were also associated with loss of the 19 kda antigen in immunoas ... | 1991 | 1766377 |
| new protection against haemophilus influenzae type b infections in infants and young children. | invasive haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) infections carry high morbidity and mortality, primarily due to meningitis among infants less than 1 year of age. two new vaccines, hboc and prp-omp, have been developed and licensed to prevent invasive hib infections in infants and young children. new recommendations advise clinicians to begin immunization for hib at 2 months of age and to complete the designated series. this article details the new hib immunization schedule for all pediatric clients ... | 1991 | 1766598 |
| [ciliary function in bronchopulmonary infections in childhood]. | it was the aim of this study to examine the influence of bacterial or viral infections of the airways on the ciliary beat rate in childhood. in 21 children with bacterial bronchopulmonary infections a mean ciliary beat rate of 9.1 +/- 2.4. hz was found that did not differ significantly from that of the group of the healthy subjects (9.9 +/- 1 hz). in 7 of the 21 patients we could identify an infection of the respiratory tract with haemophilus influenzae; in those children there was a marked redu ... | 1991 | 1766952 |
| fulminant neonatal sepsis due to haemophilus influenzae. | a case of fulminant neonatal haemophilus influenzae sepsis is presented. a 29-year-old woman presented at 34 weeks gestation with premature labor but with intact membranes. the male infant died 8 h after delivery due to respiratory insufficiency. ante-mortem blood cultures and post-mortem blood and lung cultures yielded h. influenzae (biotype ii) which could not be serotyped. h. influenzae was cultured from the mother's cervix 5 days after delivery. this strain was of the same biotype and also n ... | 1991 | 1767262 |
| recombinant human insulin-like growth factor i: effects in normal subjects and implications for use in patients. | | 1991 | 1767745 |
| treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: state of the art. | effective treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (abe) reduces the number of such exacerbations in such patients and may decrease or eliminate background symptoms and improve pulmonary function. the pathologic and physiologic abnormalities of the bronchial system in chronic bronchitis that predispose to bacterial infection probably include impaired mucociliary clearance, obstructed bronchioles, and bacterial infections of the bronchial epithelium. exacerbations of bronc ... | 1991 | 1767808 |
| the immunological role of the outer membrane proteins of non-typable hemophilus influenzae in otitis media with effusion in children. | specific igg and iga antibodies against the outer membrane proteins of non-typable hemophilus influenzae were investigated in otitis media with effusion in children. amounts of these antibodies were determined in middle ear effusions (mees) and in sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. at the same time the amounts of total igg and iga antibodies in mees in comparison with those in sera were analyzed by laser nephelometry. the amounts of specific and total igg and iga in the mees were higher ... | 1991 | 1768412 |
| cefixime shows good effects on group a and group b beta-haemolytic streptococci. | there is continued interest in the development of oral beta-lactam compounds, which can be used clinically to treat various bacterial infections, particularly those caused by beta-haemolytic streptococci. cefixime is a new orally active cephalosporin, with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, including enterobacteriaceae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes. cefixime is highly resistant to hydrolysis by most beta-lactamases. ... | 1991 | 1769318 |
| analysis of high psa n-cam expression during mammalian spinal cord and peripheral nervous system development. | using a monoclonal antibody that recognizes specifically a high polysialylated form of n-cam (high psa n-cam), the temporal and spatial expression of this molecule was studied in developing spinal cord and neural crest derivatives of mouse truncal region. temporal expression was analyzed on immunoblots of spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (drgs) extracts microdissected at different developmental stages. analysis of the ratio of high psa n-cam to total n-cam indicated that sialylation and desia ... | 1991 | 1769342 |
| virulence of non-beta-lactamase-mediated ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae. | we questioned whether strains of ampicillin-resistant, non-beta-lactamase-producing (ampr nblp) haemophilus influenzae with lower affinity penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) might have altered virulence. the virulence of resistant transformant strains and the susceptible recipient was compared using infant rats. following intraperitoneal inoculation, there was a significantly lower mortality rate and incidence and magnitude of bacteremia with two of three transformants compared to the recipient ... | 1991 | 1769551 |
| plasmid-mediated nad independence in haemophilus parainfluenzae. | the location of the genes coding for nad independence in four unusual clinical isolates of haemophilus parainfluenzae was determined by transferring these genes to plasmid-free haemophilus influenzae rd by transformation and analysing transformants for the presence of plasmids by agarose gel electrophoresis. all nad-independent transformants were found to carry a single plasmid species. the plasmids, originally harboured by the four h. parainfluenzae isolates recovered from unrelated sources, we ... | 1991 | 1770356 |
| studies on egg zona pellucida-binding molecule (ligand) of mouse sperm. i. sperm maturation and zona-binding ability. | the epididymis has three major regions; the caput, corpus and cauda. sperm were obtained from each region, and their binding ability to egg zona pellucida was assayed. in the case of intact sperm: cauda sperm bound in high number, corpus sperm bound at an intermediate level (an average of 30% of cauda sperm binding level), and caput sperm bound rarely (1% of cauda sperm binding level). in the case of sperm immobilized by pretreatment with lacl3, when eggs and sperm were shaken in order to allow ... | 1991 | 1770428 |
| secretagogue-evoked changes in intracellular free magnesium concentrations in rat pancreatic acinar cells. | 1. this study employs the fluorescent dye mag-fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester (am) to measure intracellular free magnesium concentration [mg2+]i in isolated rat pancreatic acinar cells. initially a number of protocols were investigated to develop optimal loading conditions for the dye mag-fura-2 am. the procedure yielding cells which showed minimal dye loss and no adverse compartmentalization was adopted for subsequent experiments. 2. the mean resting [mg2+]i is 1.39 +/- 0.08 mm (n = 39). 3. acetylch ... | 1991 | 1770445 |
| [clinical study of respiratory infections complicating bronchial asthma]. | we conducted a clinical study on respiratory infections complicating bronchial asthma. transtracheal aspiration (tta) was performed 37 times in 22 patients. the most frequently isolated organism was h. influenzae. the patients in whom organisms were isolated on tta had a high incidence of fever and evidence of inflammation. antimicrobial therapy caused a decrease in indices of inflammation (white blood cell count and esr), but was less effective against the asthmatic symptoms. respiratory infect ... | 1991 | 1770683 |
| [the trichinelliasis problem from the positions of general epidemiology, ecology and zoogeography. 1. the sources and routes of human infection]. | | 1991 | 1770881 |
| [guidelines for the chemoprophylaxis of meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae type b]. | | 1991 | 1770963 |
| acupuncture-like stimulation induces a heterosegmental release of met-enkephalin-like material in the rat spinal cord. | in order to investigate the effects induced by acupuncture on the activity of enkephalinergic neurons in the spinal cord, either the lumbar or the cervico-trigeminal area was perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (csf) (0.1 ml/min) in halothane-anaesthetized rats, and met-enkephalin-like material (melm) was measured in 0.5 ml fractions of the perfusates. the effects of manual acupuncture performed by a traditional chinese acupuncturist at the 'zusanli' point on the right hind limb were co ... | 1991 | 1771094 |
| antimicrobial treatment of sinusitis. | sinusitis is a common disease. most cases of acute sinusitis involve the maxillary sinus and occur after viral infections of the upper respiratory tract. the usual pathogens are streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae. moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis is also an important pathogen in children. anaerobic infections are more common in chronic sinusitis. fungi are frequently observed in granulocytopenic cancer patients but also can occur in apparently normal hosts. many strains of h ... | 1991 | 1771306 |
| antimicrobial treatment of otitis media. | the major pathogens causing acute otitis media (aom) are streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae, with moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pyogenes, and staphylococcus aureus less frequently isolated. the same organisms and staphylococcus epidermidis are found in chronic otitis media with effusion. in chronic suppurative otitis media, pseudomonas aeruginosa and s aureus are most frequently found. antimicrobial agents found to be most effective in treating aom are amoxicillin, trimet ... | 1991 | 1771307 |
| repletion and depletion of vitamin e in gastroduodenal mucosa. | male rats were used to assess the effect of fasting and depletion and repletion rates on the levels of vitamin e in the liver and in mucosa from the fundus, antrum, and duodenum. fasting for 24 h did not produce a significant decrease in vitamin e content in gastroduodenal mucosa. feeding rats a diet low in vitamin e content for 10 weeks produced very low levels of the vitamin in all the tissues studied (below 2.4 micrograms/g tissue). feeding rats a diet high in vitamin e content for 10 weeks p ... | 1991 | 1771388 |
| h-2 influence on the production of real but not of apparent h-2-specific antibodies induced by the association of syngeneic class i heavy chains with bovine beta 2-microglobulin. | immunogenic properties of class i molecules resulting from the association of mouse class i heavy chains with a xenogeneic beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) were investigated by studying the antibody response of mice of injections to syngeneic con a lymphoblasts, induced in conditions allowing the replacement of endogenous beta 2-m by exogenously added bovine beta 2-m provided by fetal calf serum (fcs-con a blasts). lymphocytotoxic antibodies were regularly produced and according to their specific ... | 1991 | 1772881 |
| evaluation of the microbiology of chronic ethmoid sinusitis. | in a prospective study, patients with the diagnosis of chronic ethmoid sinusitis were evaluated microbiologically by using biopsy specimens of the ethmoid sinus mucosa. microbiology cultures were performed on 94 specimens from 59 patients. staphylococcus aureus and members of the family enterobacteriaceae were the most frequent classical pathogenic bacteria isolated. coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common overall isolates. streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae were i ... | 1991 | 1774242 |
| biotypes of haemophilus influenzae that are associated with noninvasive infections. | in this study, we examined the biotypes of haemophilus influenzae strains associated with noninvasive infections in hospitalized patients. over an 18-month period, a total of 388 strains were isolated from patients of various ages (neonates to the elderly), and the biotypes of the strains were determined. strains of biotype ii accounted for 48% of the isolates; this was followed by strains of biotypes iii and i (26 and 16%, respectively). the remaining 10% of the isolates were made up of strains ... | 1991 | 1774261 |
| [type b haemophilus influenzae infections: epidemiology, vaccination, chemoprophylaxis]. | in the new countries of the federal republic germany the incidence of systemic hib-infections is lower than in the old frg. in children under the age of 5 years the incidence of hib-meningitis is 8/100,000 and of all systemic hib-diseases about 17/100,000. by hib-vaccination (prp-d) severe diseases can be prevented. the recommended chemoprophylaxis with rifampicin is important in this connection, too. | 1991 | 1774852 |
| [mass vaccination of infants against h. influenzae type b is desirable and possible]. | | 1991 | 1774981 |
| latent haemophilus influenzae pneumonia in patients infected with hiv. | pneumonia caused by common pyogenic bacteria occurs frequently in hiv-infected patients. its clinical presentation has been described as being similar to that seen in non-immunosuppressed hosts but clearly different to that of opportunistic pneumonias. an atypical presentation has rarely been seen. in a 10-month period, we saw 12 hiv-infected patients who presented with haemophilus influenzae pneumonia which was clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ... | 1991 | 1777177 |
| a coupled morphological and biochemical study on the cellular localisation of the intra-adrenal renin granules in rats. | the effects of prolonged (3-week) sodium restriction on the rat zona glomerulosa (zg) were investigated by ultrastructural stereological and biochemical techniques. the plasma level of aldosterone was increased, and this was coupled with a notable decrease in the volume density (vv, microns 3/100 microns 3 of cell) of lipid droplets in zg cells. renin-like activity (rla) underwent a significant rise in zg, and vv of dense bodies significantly rose in zg cells. since rla and dense-body vv display ... | 1991 | 1778093 |
| relationship between bacterial meningitis and acellular pertussis vaccine. | we studied case reports of bacterial meningitis and estimated its incidence per 100,000 in three areas of osaka prefecture which differed in population and vaccination schedule for the years of 1987 and 1988. to estimate incidence, we used a simple mathematical method derived from surveillance data for a reported number of exanthem subitum to obtain a coverage constant. with this coverage constant, we estimated the incidence of bacterial meningitis per 100,000 population for each area. in the to ... | 1991 | 1778325 |
| in-vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of sr 44337, a new long acting cephalosporin. | the in-vitro activity of sr 44337 was compared with that of other broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporins, plus imipenem and co-amoxiclav. sr 44337 showed good activity against the enterobacteriaceae, with mic90s of less than 0.5 mg/l against all species tested, with the exception of citrobacter spp. (mic90 2 mg/l) and serratia spp. (mic90 4 mg/l). of the agents tested, only ceftriaxone showed consistently greater activity against this family of organisms. sr 44337 had higher activity than ceft ... | 1991 | 1778854 |
| the in-vitro activity of cefdinir (fk482), a new oral cephalosporin. | the in-vitro activity of cefdinir (fk482), an orally absorbed aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was compared with that of cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin, cefaclor and co-amoxiclav. cefdinir was highly active against staphylococcus aureus, inhibiting 90% of strains at 0.03 mg/l. the respiratory pathogens haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, and moraxella catarrhalis were also susceptible (mic90 less than or equal to 1 mg/l). the common members of the enterobacteriaceae were susceptible ... | 1991 | 1778855 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis isolated in the uk from sputa. | four hundred and thirty-one streptococcus pneumoniae, 1272 haemophilus influenzae and 305 moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis were isolated from sputa and identified in 28 uk laboratories during a ten week period in 1990. disc diffusion susceptibility testing was performed in each centre using identical methods. species-specific susceptibility breakpoints applied to data for six antimicrobial agents were determined from the distribution of isolates according to zone diameters of inhibition measu ... | 1991 | 1778856 |
| caprine peripheral neuroblastomas: structural and ultrastructural features, intermediate filaments profile and neuro-endocrine characterization. | in this report the morphological and immunohistochemical features with respect to intermediate filament proteins and the neuroendocrine nature of bilateral neuroblastomas possibly originating from the adrenal medulla in a goat kid are presented. histologically, the tumours were composed of small, round, blue cells organized in highly cellular nests and sheets separated by fibrovascular septa. isolated cells mimicking the morphological features of neurones were observed in both tumours. ultrastru ... | 1991 | 1779039 |
| antibacterial activity of ceftibuten, a new oral third generation cephalosporin. | ceftibuten, a new oral third generation cephalosporin, was found to be the most active beta-lactam drug tested against members of the enterobacteriaceae, inhibiting most strains at less than 4 micrograms/ml. all isolates of branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, and neisseria spp. were highly susceptible to ceftibuten. penicillin-sensitive pneumococci and pathogenic beta-hemolitic streptococci were also killed by ceftibuten. the antibacterial activity of this new drug, which results in ... | 1991 | 1779255 |
| cefaclor in the treatment of infective exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in cigarette smokers. | there is a direct correlation between number of cigarettes smoked and the incidence of lower respiratory tract infection in humans. in studies with smokers suffering from exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, the most common bacterial pathogens found were haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus and branhamella catarrhalis. antibiotics should be effective against such possible pathogens. cefaclor has demonstrated in vitro activity against all these pathogens. we des ... | 1991 | 1779259 |
| persistent diarrhea: total gut transit time and its relationship with nutrient absorption and clinical response. | the study was undertaken to better understand the role of total gut transit time (tgtt) on the absorption of nutrients in patients with persistent diarrhea. twenty-six boys aged 3-18 months with persistent diarrhea and 25 age-matched healthy controls were studied. their tgtt was measured with charcoal markers during their treatment with a diet made up with rice powder soya oil, glucose, and egg white. coefficients of absorption of nutrients were estimated in a 72-h balance study. the median tgtt ... | 1991 | 1779316 |
| a major litomosoides carinii microfilarial sheath glycoprotein (gp22): amino terminal sequence and immunological studies with corresponding synthetic peptides. | the major glycoprotein of the sheath of litomosoides carinii microfilariae (gp22) was analysed for its amino acid and amino sugar composition. it is rich in proline, glutamine/glutamic acid and glycine and contains (n-acetyl)galactosamine. the n-terminal amino acid sequence was determined up to position 37. it consists of a group of 6 repeats of the pentapeptide sequence methionine-glycine-proline-glutamine-proline with two minor modifications in repeats 3-6, while the first two repeats follow t ... | 1991 | 1780176 |
| a major litomosoides carinii microfilarial sheath glycoprotein (gp22): amino terminal sequence and immunological studies with corresponding synthetic peptides. | the major glycoprotein of the sheath of litomosoides carinii microfilariae (gp22) was analysed for its amino acid and amino sugar composition. it is rich in proline, glutamine/glutamic acid and glycine and contains (n-acetyl)galactosamine. the n-terminal amino acid sequence was determined up to position 37. it consists of a group of 6 repeats of the pentapeptide sequence methionine-glycine-proline-glutamine-proline with two minor modifications in repeats 3-6, while the first two repeats follow t ... | 1991 | 1780176 |
| [dying kinetics of h. influenzae in fibrin clots under the influence of various antibiotics]. | traditional test methods with determination of mic values alone are not sufficient for the estimation of antimicrobial activity in tissues. various other parameters like protein binding, the ph value of tissues and other yet unknown parameters influence bacterial killing under the influence of various antibiotics. in an in vitro model using fibrin clots kill kinetics of h. influenzae were determined. concentrations of antibiotics were determined in fibrin clots. in these in vitro experiments the ... | 1991 | 1781178 |
| salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae bacteremia in an infant with enteritis--a case report. | the septicemia caused by the arizona group organism is rare and usually observed in adults with underlying diseases. in korea, salmonella infection is common, but a report of arizona infection is unknown. we isolated s. entercia subsp. diarizonae from blood of a 6-month-old infant. the serovar was determined as 28:z10:-, a rare one in america. the isolate was susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and others. the patient rapidly recovered with ampicillin and gentamicin therapy ... | 1991 | 1781188 |
| salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae bacteremia in an infant with enteritis--a case report. | the septicemia caused by the arizona group organism is rare and usually observed in adults with underlying diseases. in korea, salmonella infection is common, but a report of arizona infection is unknown. we isolated s. entercia subsp. diarizonae from blood of a 6-month-old infant. the serovar was determined as 28:z10:-, a rare one in america. the isolate was susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and others. the patient rapidly recovered with ampicillin and gentamicin therapy ... | 1991 | 1781188 |
| pharmacokinetics, safety, and ability to diminish leukotriene synthesis by zileuton, an inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase. | zileuton is a potent and specific inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, the first dedicated enzyme in the metabolism of arachidonic acid to the leukotrienes. the leukotrienes have been implicated in numerous pathological conditions. zileuton was given to normal human volunteers in single doses of 200 mg to 800 mg. results of these studies indicated that zileuton was well absorbed orally with an elimination half-life of approximately 2.5 hours. leukotriene b4 production by ex vivo calcium ionophone stimul ... | 1991 | 1781415 |
| growth of mouse ectoplacental cone cells in subcutaneous tissues. development of placental-like cells. | ectoplacental cones of mouse embryos collected on day 8 of pregnancy were grafted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of host mice. the grafts were collected between days 3 and 8 after transfer and processed for light and electron microscope morphological analysis as well as for cytochemistry of nonspecific alkaline phosphatase. fragments of normal mouse placentas collected between days 12 and 18 of pregnancy were processed similarly. about 37% of the grafts were nonhemorrhagic nodules formed by ... | 1991 | 1781448 |
| acute epiglottitis. | acute epiglottitis, a fulminating infection in the supraglottic tissue due to haemophilus influenzae type b can cause relentlessly progressive airway obstruction in infants, children and sometimes in adults. rapid infection and swelling of the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds causes airway obstruction which can be relieved by endotracheal intubation. the systemic infection and septicaemia must be treated by the appropriate intravenous antibiotics. acute epiglottitis must be differentiated from ... | 1991 | 1781658 |
| [primary sjogren's syndrome in men: evolution to acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. | a clinical case of a 55-year-old man with syndrome of primary sjögren, seronegative, normoglobulinemic and normocomplementary with 7 years of evolution, which developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia, having suffered recurrent lympho-adenopathy and paresthetic meralgia as previous clinical signs, is presented. clinical, serological and immunologic characteristics of this syndrome are reviewed, highlighting its rare appearance among men. while appearance of malignant lymphoproliferation disorders i ... | 1991 | 1782314 |
| interleukin-1 (il-1) stimulates the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) from superfused rat hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal complexes (hnc) independently of the histaminergic mechanism. | we demonstrated previously that interleukin-1 (il-1) (recombinant human il-1 alpha and -1 beta) stimulated the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) from the superfused rat hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal complex (hnc), independently of the cholinergic system. in the present study we studied the effects of il-1 on the release of crf not only from the hnc but also from the isolated hypothalamus of rats in a superfusion system to define the origin of measured crf and the site of il-1 action ... | 1991 | 1782543 |
| effects of cocaine and footshock stress on extracellular dopamine levels in the ventral striatum. | behavioral and neurochemical cross-sensitization between cocaine and stress was examined. the effects of stress and cocaine on extracellular levels of dopamine and its metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (dopac) and homovanillic acid (hva), were measured by in vivo microdialysis in the rostral ventral striatum, including the nucleus accumbens. pretreatment with a daily 20 min footshock stress (0.45 ma/200 ms/s) for 5 days enhanced the cocaine-induced increase in extracellular dopamine le ... | 1991 | 1782559 |
| a novel type of rna-binding protein is potentially encoded by the opposite strand of the trans-spliced c-myb coding exon. | recently, we reported evidence suggesting that expression of c-myb thymic mrna species involves the intermolecular recombination of coding sequences (et and c-myb) localized on two different chromosomes, both in chicken and human. our present studies demonstrate that the et locus encodes, in the antisense orientation, a novel member of the rna binding protein family in these two species. | 1991 | 1782565 |
| potentiation of the natriuretic effect of clonidine following indomethacin in the rat. | previous studies have demonstrated a diuretic effect of clonidine at low intrarenal infusion rates with a natriuretic effect being observed at high infusion rates (greater than or equal to 3 micrograms.kg-1.min-1). the natriuresis at high infusion rates may have been secondary to increased renal prostaglandin production. we therefore evaluated the effects of indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) on the response to clonidine in the anesthetized rat. intrarenal infusions of saline (vehicle) or ... | 1991 | 1782602 |
| effects of various secretagogues on [ca2+]i in cultured human nasal epithelial cells. | recent studies conducted on cultured canine tracheal cells have suggested that a complex relationship exists between camp and ca2+ in the control of electrolyte secretion. the goal of this study was to determine if the ca2+ second messenger system functions in a similar fashion in cultured human nasal epithelial cells, a tissue in which control of electrolyte secretion is known to be disrupted in the genetic disease, cystic fibrosis. human nasal epithelial tissue was obtained as a by-product of ... | 1991 | 1782603 |
| immunization with haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine at 18 and 24 months of age: evidence of decreased immunogenicity. | in order to assess the immunogenicity of a two-dose regimen of haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine, the immune response to vaccine given at both 18 and 24 months of age was compared to the response to a single dose at 24 months of age. following immunization at 24 months of age, the geometric mean antibody concentration of children previously immunized at 18 months (0.53 micrograms/ml) was significantly lower than that of children who received a single dose of vaccine at 24 mont ... | 1991 | 1782732 |
| the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on the development of the skeletal system in rats. | the authors wished to clarify the cause of micro- and phocomelia developing in rat fetuses following administration of acetylsalicylic acid. it has been proved by histological examinations that the positive ground substance of the epiphyseal cartilage, detected by rivanol reaction, became disarranged or negative. the sulphation of glycosaminoglycans was diminished or inhibited by acetylsalicylic acid in the chondrocytes depending on the dose applied. the conclusion has been drawn that the malfor ... | 1991 | 1783044 |
| genetics of haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide expression. | | 1991 | 1783189 |
| assignment of human pancreatic lipase gene (pnlip) to chromosome 10q24-q26. | human pancreatic lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) is a 56-kda protein secreted by the acinar pancreas and is essential for the hydrolysis and absorption of long-chain triglyceride fatty acids in the intestine. in vivo, the 12-kda protein cofactor, colipase, is required to anchor lipase to the surface of lipid micelles, counteracting the destabilizing influence of bile salts. southern blot analysis, using a pancreatic lipase cdna to probe dna from mouse-human somatic cell hybrids, indicated that the pancreati ... | 1991 | 1783385 |
| [the study on bacterial infection in chronic lower respiratory tract infection--from the viewpoints of acute and chronic infection]. | using mainly changes in the amount of sputum as an index of the infectious course of chronic lower respiratory tract infection associated with purulent sputum over years, the disease was divided into stable and acute exacerbated phases and a bacteriological investigation using transtracheal aspiration (tta) conducted. tta was performed 107 and 45 episodes during stable phases and acute exacerbated phases respectively. monomicrobial and polymicrobial infection were detected most frequently during ... | 1991 | 1783811 |
| capsulation gene loss and 'rescue' mutations during the cap+ to cap- transition in haemophilus influenzae type b. | genes for haemophilus influenzae type b capsule expression are duplicated to form a potentially unstable structure, cap, of directly-repeated chromosomal regions of approximately 17 kb. capsule-deficient mutants arise in a two-stage process, initiated by rec-dependent reduction of this region from two copies to one. this recombinational event is usually lethal, only about 1/200 surviving to form slow-growing colonies of organisms that continue to synthesize polysaccharide but are defective in it ... | 1991 | 1783904 |
| acute purulent pericarditis in omani children. | a total of eight children admitted to the royal hospital, muscat with purulent pericardial effusions were analysed. six of the cases were in children less than 2 years of age. five of the eight children had positive blood cultures: haemophilus influenzae was cultured from two patients, streptococcus pneumoniae from one patient, e. coli from one patient and streptococcus viridans from the remaining child. in three children both blood and pericardial cultures were sterile; two of these children ha ... | 1991 | 1784056 |
| [laboratory and clinical evaluations of flomoxef sodium in neonates]. | flomoxef sodium (fmox) was evaluated experimentally and clinically in neonates. 1. serum concentrations and urinary excretions of the drug were examined after a bolus intravenous injection at 20 mg/kg to 22 neonates 1-30 days after birth (durations of pregnancy 31-43 weeks, weights at birth 1,650-4,040 g) and 5 infants 50-95 days after birth (durations of pregnancy 33-40 weeks, weights at birth 1,720-3,308 g). serum concentrations were 10.8-67.6 micrograms/ml (mean 32.7 +/- 2.8 micrograms/ml) an ... | 1991 | 1784077 |
| septic arthritis caused by hemophilus influenza type b in a patient with hiv-1 infection. | | 1991 | 1787512 |
| detection of micro-organisms using a two bottle blood culture system: a twelve month study. | over a twelve month period the isolation rate of pathogens, frequency of isolation of non-significant organisms, and time taken to detect positive cultures from a two-bottle blood culture system were analysed. of 6916 blood cultures collected, 978 organisms were isolated from 863 cultures, 540 organisms being considered clinically significant and the majority (81%) being isolated within 48 h. our results showed that use of more than one bottle increased the general isolation rate, with both bott ... | 1991 | 1787773 |
| haemophilus influenzae type b bacteremia in older children. | haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) is a well-recognized cause of serious infection in infants and toddlers. however, little information exists regarding hib infections in older children. this report describes serious hib infections in 23 children (eight immunocompromised; 15 immunocompetent) older than 59 months of age. data were collected over an 11-year period. the mean age of the children was 7.6 years (range, 5-15 years), and 14 were male. while three of the eight immunocompromised children ... | 1991 | 1788118 |
| an approach to the diagnosis and treatment of membranous laryngotracheobronchitis in infants and children. | the purpose of this study is to report 18 cases of membranous laryngotracheobronchitis (mltb) and to review 143 published cases in order to accurately characterize the epidemiology, presentation, clinical course, treatment, and outcome of patients with this disorder. the male:female ratio was 2:1; mean age was four years. most patients presented with acute onset of respiratory distress with fever, toxicity, and stridor after a prodrome of upper respiratory tract infection lasting a few days. whi ... | 1991 | 1788120 |
| atopic disease. | | 1991 | 1788503 |
| treatment of presumed bacterial pneumonia in ambulatory children. | in a prospective, randomized, open study, a combination of trimethoprim and rifampin (tmp/r) 20 mg/kg/day was compared with ampicillin (amp) 150 mg/kg/day, both given orally twice daily for 10 days, for the treatment of 60 children who had mild community-acquired pneumonia. the control group comprised 112 healthy children. the overall duration of the disease was 8.5 +/- 3.6 days in the tmp/r group vs 6.0 +/- 1.1 days in the amp group. fever persisted for 7.0 +/- 1.8 days in the tmp/r-treated pat ... | 1991 | 1790545 |
| ampicillin/sulbactam in lower respiratory tract infections: a review. | the pathophysiology and microbiology of lower respiratory tract infections are outlined and diagnostic and therapeutic problems considered. the use of sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of these infections is evaluated. the two drugs have similar pharmacokinetic characteristics; predictable and dose-dependent peak serum concentrations of both agents are achieved after parenteral administration. more than 90% of strains of staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, k ... | 1991 | 1790546 |
| in vitro activity of ly281389 and comparison with erythromycin and oral beta-lactams. | ly281389 is a new 14-member ring macrolide which is presently being developed for possible clinical use against bacterial infections. we compared the in vitro activity of ly281389 with erythromycin, ampicillin, augmentin and cephalexin against 610 clinical isolates. the new drug inhibited 97 and 11% of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates, respectively, 59% of coagulase-negative staphylococci, 63% of enterococci and 74% of haemophilus influenzae. all the ... | 1991 | 1790725 |
| [the etiology of purulent meningoencephalitis in pediatrics. the therapeutic implications]. | in order to know the etiology of purulent meningitis in infant and children, a retrospective study was done; 709 cases of a pediatric infectious disease service were analyzed. diagnosis was established either by antigen detection (coagglutination) or bacterial culture. in 334/709 (48%) the bacterial agent was identifies. haemophilus influenzae type b (70%), streptococcus pneumoniae (14%), enterobacteriaceae (8%) and streptococcus sp (6.5%) were the most frequent. according to our results the epi ... | 1991 | 1790836 |
| haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. | | 1991 | 1791117 |
| capsular typing of haemophilus influenzae with a dna probe. | we describe the use of a dna probe for genotyping clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae. the probe, containing capsulation genes, differentiates between the six haemophilus serotypes in a southern blotting procedure. it also hybridizes with a distinctive pattern to dna from capsule-deficient mutants of serotype b strains, while failing to hybridize to dna from typical clinical isolates of non-serotypable h. influenzae. the probe can thus resolve issues of serotyping uncertainty such as ari ... | 1991 | 1791858 |
| neuronal dysfunction at the border of focal lesions in cat visual cortex. | traditional concepts assume that traumatic or ischemic brain lesions are surrounded by regions with depressed neuronal function. more recently hyperactivity gained increasing attention as excitotoxic mechanisms become effective at certain stages of neuronal injury. single cell recordings in the surrounding of small focal lesions in the cat visual cortex revealed both types of functional pathology 1-30 days after lesioning. a rim of suppressed neurons surrounded a completely silent core. cells fu ... | 1991 | 1791978 |
| acetylcholine and muscarinic agonists increase synaptic ribbon numbers in the rat pineal. | mammalian pinealocytes possess synaptic ribbons (sr) which are commonly present in photoreceptor cells at synaptic junctions. pineal sr numbers undergo a diurnal rhythm parallel to that of pineal n-acetyltransferase (nat) activity and melatonin levels. recent findings suggest that sr numbers, unlike nat activity and melatonin synthesis and release, do not seem to be regulated by adrenergic mechanisms or neuropeptides in adult rats. since the pineal gland also receives cholinergic nerve fibres, w ... | 1991 | 1791988 |
| malignant hemangiopericytoma of the pelvis. report of a case with urological implications and immunohistochemical analysis. | a case of a malignant hemangiopericytoma located in the pelvic fossa of a 50-year old man is reported. the tumor displaced the urinary bladder and caused bilateral hydronephrosis. light microscopic diagnosis was followed by immunohistochemistry. after surgery the patient was successfully treated by chemotherapy and irradiation. this paper reviews clinicopathological features in respect of prognosis and a possible treatment. | 1991 | 1792715 |
| regulation of osteoblast proliferation by leukemia inhibitory factor. | we recently showed that leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) stimulates 45ca release from neonatal mouse calvariae in vitro and that it increases dna and protein synthesis in this model. to elucidate further the actions of lif on bone we now report the effects of this cytokine on dna synthesis and cell proliferation in isolated fetal rat osteoblasts and in the osteogenic sarcoma cell line, umr-106. in both actively growing and growth-arrested rat osteoblasts, lif stimulated [3h]thymidine incorporati ... | 1991 | 1792939 |
| [treatment of acute epiglottitis]. | we analyze 13 children between 1 and 3 years old (mean: 24.6 +/- 6.5 months), who were diagnosed (by direct or radiological examination) of epiglottitis. seven were male. all of them had fever and respiratory distress. six blood cultures (46%) were positive for hemophilus influenzae, and in 5 cases were resistant to beta-lactamases. diagnose was made by radiology (70%) or by direct examination (30%). five patients were not intubated (38%), with a favorable outcome. one died after a cardiorespira ... | 1991 | 1793187 |
| prolonged environmental stress via a two step process selects mutants of escherichia, salmonella and pseudomonas that grow at 54 degrees c. | a prolonged incubation of escherichia, salmonella or pseudomonas at 48 degrees c with nalidixic acid selected mutants (t48) able to grow at 48 degrees c. a prolonged incubation at 54 degrees c of the t48 mutants selected mutants (t54) able to grow at 54 degrees c. these mutants were susceptible to the same bacteriophages as the original mesophilic strains. auxotrophic phenotypes of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium mesophilic parents were demonstrated by these mutants if they were cult ... | 1991 | 1793337 |
| activation of ki-ras gene by point mutation in human liver angiosarcoma associated with vinyl chloride exposure. | point mutations of c-ras genes were investigated in human angiosarcomas of the liver associated with occupational exposure to vinyl chloride. dna prepared from either frozen or paraffin-embedded tissues was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, and putative point mutations at codons 12, 13, and 61 of c-ha-ras, c-ki-ras, and n-ras were analyzed by dot-blot hybridization with allele-specific oligonucleotides. a g.c----a.t transition in the second nucleotide at codon 13 of the c-ki-ras-2 gene ... | 1991 | 1793483 |
| systematic site-saturation mutagenesis of rob-1 beta-lactamase: efficiency of t4 polymerase and oligonucleotide synthesis. | | 1991 | 1793576 |
| daily energy expenditure in human subjects. | | 1991 | 1794551 |
| catalase activity in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. | | 1991 | 1794560 |
| structural and biochemical changes in the sclera of experimentally myopic eyes. | | 1991 | 1794573 |
| cleavage of chimpanzee secretory immunoglobulin a by haemophilus influenzae iga1 protease. | immunoglobulin (ig)a proteases synthesized by human mucosal pathogens have a unique specificity for human iga and will not cleave iga from other species. in contrast, animal pathogens have not reliably been shown to cleave iga of the animals they infect. this lack of an animal model has prevented an understanding of the importance of iga1 proteases as virulence factors. one strategy to develop an animal model would be to identify a species capable of infection by a human iga-producing pathogen w ... | 1991 | 1795627 |
| [haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from various clinical specimens and their antibiotic susceptibilities]. | in this study, a bacteriological examination was performed in the specimens of nose, ear and conjunctiva taken from 135 patients aged between 0-6 years old and 335 patients aged more than six years old for the isolation of h. influenzae. ten h. influenzae strains were isolated, six of them were type b. seven isolates were from 0-6 years old group (5.2%). all strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, three strains were resistant to ampicillin with kirby-bauer disc diffusion method. | 1991 | 1795654 |
| structural characterization of the urinary metabolites of iprindole in rat. | 1. the in vivo metabolism of iprindole in rat is described. each rat received a single dose of iprindole (10 mg/kg) and urine was collected for 48 h. 2. fourteen metabolites of iprindole were isolated from rat urine after enzymic hydrolysis and their structures were determined by a computerized g.l.c.-mass spectrometric technique, before and after appropriate chemical derivatization. 3. three concurrent metabolic pathways have been identified for iprindole in rat; aromatic ring hydroxylation is ... | 1991 | 1796616 |
| origin and significance of acetylcholine and choline in plasma and serum from normal and paretic cows. | before the onset of bovine paresis a stage of hyperactivity and hypersensitivity was observed in clinical as well as in immunologically provoked cases. by gas chromatographic analysis of choline (ch) in plasma and serum from four immunologically provoked cows this stage was verified to be an initial immuno-cholinergic hyperactivation. in the first hour after antigen challenge with 0.5 mg nematode ache there was a very sharp rise in ch mainly from agonist-stimulated and phospholipase mediated pho ... | 1991 | 1796676 |
| comparison of interspecific to intersubspecific backcrosses demonstrates species and sex differences in recombination frequency on mouse chromosome 16. | one hundred fourteen progeny from an interspecific backcross between laboratory mice and m. spretus were typed for six markers spanning most of mouse chromosome (chr) 16. additional maps of 9-10 markers of this chromosome were derived from analysis of over 500 progeny from four backcrosses between inbred laboratory strains and members of the mus musculus group, m.m. musculus and m.m. molossinus (subspecies). the results of these analyses confirmed the gene order: (cen)-prm-1/prm-2-igl-1-smst-mtv ... | 1991 | 1797230 |
| comparison of interspecific to intersubspecific backcrosses demonstrates species and sex differences in recombination frequency on mouse chromosome 16. | one hundred fourteen progeny from an interspecific backcross between laboratory mice and m. spretus were typed for six markers spanning most of mouse chromosome (chr) 16. additional maps of 9-10 markers of this chromosome were derived from analysis of over 500 progeny from four backcrosses between inbred laboratory strains and members of the mus musculus group, m.m. musculus and m.m. molossinus (subspecies). the results of these analyses confirmed the gene order: (cen)-prm-1/prm-2-igl-1-smst-mtv ... | 1991 | 1797230 |
| time course of changes in heart rate and sympathetic tone after coronary artery ligation in rats. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of heart rate (hr) and sympathetic tone occurring after myocardial infarction. male rats (200-250 g) were submitted to ligation of the anterior branches of the left coronary artery to produce infarction (inf, n = 26) or to sham surgery (so, n = 24). groups of animals (n = 6-8) were studied 1,3,7 and 15 days later. a group not submitted to surgical procedures was used as control (c,n = 6). blood pressure and hr were measured in conscious un ... | 1991 | 1797278 |