| the iron-chelate transporter osysl9 plays a role in iron distribution in developing rice grains. | rice osysl9 is a novel transporter for fe(ii)-nicotianamine and fe(iii)-deoxymugineic acid that is responsible for internal iron transport, especially from endosperm to embryo in developing seeds. metal chelators are essential for safe and efficient metal translocation in plants. graminaceous plants utilize specific ferric iron chelators, mugineic acid family phytosiderophores, to take up sparingly soluble iron from the soil. yellow stripe 1-like (ysl) family transporters are responsible for tra ... | 2017 | 28871478 |
| a chemical-induced, seed-soaking activation procedure for regulated gene expression in rice. | inducible gene expression has emerged as a powerful tool for plant functional genomics. the estrogen receptor-based, chemical-inducible system xve has been used in many plant species, but the limited systemic movement of inducer β-estradiol in transgenic rice plants has prohibited a wide use of the xve system in this important food crop. here, we constructed an improved chemical-regulated, site-specific recombination system by employing the xve transactivator in combination with a cre/loxp-frt s ... | 2017 | 28871269 |
| molecular mapping of qtls associated with lodging resistance in dry direct-seeded rice (oryza sativa l.). | dry direct-seeded rice (dsr) is an alternative crop establishment method with less water and labor requirement through mechanization. it provides better opportunities for a second crop during the cropping season and therefore, a feasible alternative system to transplanted lowland rice. however, lodging is one of the major constraints in attaining high yield in dsr. identification of qtls for lodging resistance and their subsequent use in improving varieties under dsr will be an efficient breedin ... | 2017 | 28871266 |
| integrating early transcriptomic responses to rhizotoxins in rice (oryza sativa. l.) reveals key regulators and a potential early biomarker of cadmium toxicity. | as sessile organisms, plants were constantly challenged with biotic and abiotic stresses. transcriptional activation of stress-responsive genes is a crucial part of the plant adaptation to environmental changes. here, early response of rice root to eight rhizotoxic stressors: arsenate, copper, cadmium, mercury, chromate, vanadate, ferulic acid and juglone, was analyzed using published microarray data. there were 539 general stress response (gsr) genes up-regulated under all eight treatments, inc ... | 2017 | 28868059 |
| effects of modified biochar on rhizosphere microecology of rice (oryza sativa l.) grown in as-contaminated soil. | biochar was carbon-rich and generated by high-temperature pyrolysis of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions. due to the limitations of surface functional groups and the weakness of surface activity in the field of environmental remediation, the raw biochar frequently was chemically modified to improve its properties with a new performance. in this study, a kind of high-efficiency and low-cost amino biochar modified by nano zero-valent iron (abc/nzvi) was synthesized and applied to paddy soil ... | 2017 | 28866780 |
| identification and fine mapping of a new gene, bph31 conferring resistance to brown planthopper biotype 4 of india to improve rice, oryza sativa l. | rice (oryza sativa l.) is the staple food for more than 3.5 billion people, mainly in asia. brown planthopper (bph) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice that limits rice production. host-plant resistance is one of the most efficient ways to overcome bph damage to the rice crop. | 2017 | 28861736 |
| evolutionary modes of emergence of short interspersed nuclear element (sine) families in grasses. | short interspersed nuclear elements (sines) are non-autonomous transposable elements which are propagated by retrotransposition and constitute an inherent part of the genome of most eukaryotic species. knowledge of heterogeneous and highly abundant sines is crucial for de novo (or improvement of) annotation of whole genome sequences. we scanned poaceae genome sequences of six important cereals (oryza sativa, triticum aestivum, hordeum vulgare, panicum virgatum, sorghum bicolor, zea mays) and bra ... | 2017 | 28857316 |
| large-scale deployment of a rice 6 k snp array for genetics and breeding applications. | fixed arrays of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers have advantages over reduced representation sequencing in their ease of data analysis, consistently higher call rates, and rapid turnaround times. a 6 k snp array represents a cost-benefit "sweet spot" for routine genetics and breeding applications in rice. selection of informative snps across species and subpopulations during chip design is essential to obtain useful polymorphism rates for target germplasm groups. this paper summarize ... | 2017 | 28856618 |
| large-scale phenomics analysis of a t-dna tagged mutant population. | rice, oryza sativa l., is one of the most important crops in the world. with the rising world population, feeding people in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way becomes increasingly important. therefore, the rice research community needs to share resources to better understand the functions of rice genes that are the foundation for future agricultural biotechnology development, and one way to achieve this goal is via the extensive study of insertional mutants. we have constructed ... | 2017 | 28854617 |
| dissecting combining ability effect in a rice ncii-iii population provides insights into heterosis in indica-japonica cross. | combining ability is a measure for selecting elite parents that make the highest contributions to hybrid performance. however, the genetic bases of combining ability and how they contributed to heterosis is seldomly known. | 2017 | 28853048 |
| influence of bacterial strains on oryza sativa grown under arsenic tainted soil: accumulation and detoxification response. | the present study was conducted to study the role of bacterial inoculants in growth, accumulation and tolerance responses in rice grown in arsenic (as) contaminated soil. results revealed that out of five isolated bacterial strains, strain bbau/mmm1 (babasaheb bhimrao ambedkar university/mari matamandir) exhibited resistant to as(iii) to the level of 400 μm as(iii) in comparison to other strain which showed toxicity. the isolated strain bbau/mmm1 1was characterized as gram negative, rod shape, s ... | 2017 | 28850869 |
| limitation of unloading in the developing grains is a possible cause responsible for low stem non-structural carbohydrate translocation and poor grain yield formation in rice through verification of recombinant inbred lines. | remobilisation of non-structural carbohydrates (nsc) from leaves and stems and unloading into developing grains are essential for yield formation of rice. in present study, three recombinant inbred lines of rice, r91, r156 and r201 have been tested for source-flow-sink related attributes determining the nature of nsc accumulation and translocation at two nitrogen levels in the field. compared to r91 and r156, r201 had lower grain filling percentage, harvest index, and grain yield. meanwhile, r20 ... | 2017 | 28848573 |
| regulation of rice root development by a retrotransposon acting as a microrna sponge. | it is well documented that transposable elements (tes) can regulate the expression of neighbouring genes. however, their ability to act in trans and influence ectopic loci has been reported rarely. we searched in rice transcriptomes for tissue-specific expression of tes and found them to be regulated developmentally. they often shared sequence homology with co-expressed genes and contained potential microrna-binding sites, which suggested possible contributions to gene regulation. in fact, we ha ... | 2017 | 28847366 |
| genome-wide analysis of duf221 domain-containing gene family in oryza species and identification of its salinity stress-responsive members in rice. | duf221 domain-containing genes (ddp genes) play important roles in developmental biology, hormone signalling transduction, and responses to abiotic stress. therefore to understand their structural and evolutionary relationship, we did a genome-wide analysis of this important gene family in rice. further, through comparative genomics, ddp genes from oryza sativa subsp. (indica), nine different wild species of rice and arabidopsis were also identified. we also found an expansion of the ddp gene fa ... | 2017 | 28846681 |
| mitigation of cd accumulation in paddy rice (oryza sativa l.) by fe fertilization. | cadmium uptake in rice is believed to be mediated by the fe transport system. phyto-available cd can be changed by fe fertilization of substrates. this work investigated whether and how fe fertilization affects mitigation of cd accumulation in paddy rice. a 90-d soil column experiment was conducted to study the change of cd and fe availability in soil after fe fertilization (ionic and chelated fe). a low-cd accumulating cultivar (ty116) and a high-cd accumulating cultivar (jy841) were grown in t ... | 2017 | 28843203 |
| regulatory network and genetic interactions established by osmads34 in rice inflorescence and spikelet morphogenesis. | grasses display highly diversified inflorescence architectures that differ in the arrangement of spikelets and flowers and determine cereal yields. however, the molecular basis underlying grass inflorescence morphogenesis remains largely unknown. here we investigate the role of a functionally diversified sepallata mads-box transcription factor, osmads34, in regulating rice (oryza sativa l.) inflorescence and spikelet development. microarray analysis showed that, at the very early stages of inflo ... | 2017 | 28843032 |
| reduced arsenic accumulation in indica rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar with ferromanganese oxide impregnated biochar composites amendments. | the effects of biochar (bc) and ferromanganese oxide biochar composites (fmbc1 and fmbc2) on as (arsenic) accumulation in rice were determined using a pot experiment. treatments with bc or fmbc improved the dry weights of rice roots, stems, leaves, and grains in soils containing different as contamination levels. compared to bc treatment, fmbc treatments significantly reduced as accumulation in different parts of the rice plants (p < 0.05), and fmbc2 performed better than fmbc1 did. furthermore, ... | 2017 | 28841500 |
| whole genome sequencing and comparative transcriptome analysis of a novel seawater adapted, salt-resistant rice cultivar - sea rice 86. | rice (oryza sativa) is critical for human nutrition worldwide. due to a growing population, cultivars that produce high yields in high salinity soil are of major importance. here we describe the discovery and molecular characterization of a novel sea water adapted rice strain, sea rice 86 (sr86). | 2017 | 28835208 |
| gene flow from single and stacked herbicide-resistant rice (oryza sativa): modeling occurrence of multiple herbicide-resistant weedy rice. | provisia™ rice (pv), a non-genetically engineered (ge) quizalofop-resistant rice, will provide growers with an additional option for weed management to use in conjunction with clearfield® rice (cl) production. modeling compared the impact of stacking resistance traits versus single traits in rice on introgression of the resistance trait to weedy rice (also called red rice). common weed management practices were applied to 2-, 3- and 4-year crop rotations, and resistant and multiple-resistant wee ... | 2018 | 28834651 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of the gmsnrk2 family in soybean. | sucrose non-fermenting-1 (snf1)-related protein kinase 2s (snrk2s) that were reported to be involved in the transduction of abscisic acid (aba) signaling, play important roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. compared to the systemic investigation of snrk2s in arabidopsisthaliana and oryza sativa, little is known regarding snrk2s in soybean, which is one of the most important oil and protein crops. in the present study, we performed genome-wide identification and characteriz ... | 2017 | 28832544 |
| transcriptional regulatory network of wox11 is involved in the control of crown root development, cytokinin signals, and redox in rice. | the rice root system is mainly composed of post-embryonic shoot-borne roots called crown roots. wox11, encoding a wuschel-related homeobox domain transcription factor, is a key regulator of crown root growth and development in rice (oryza sativa. l). in addition to specifically activating crown root development, wox11 is also involved in lateral root initiation, root hair formation, and abiotic stresses. however, the gene regulatory network downstream of wox11 remains largely unknown. here, we s ... | 2017 | 28830102 |
| modulation of aba signaling by altering vxgφl motif of pp2cs in oryza sativa. | the abscisic acid (aba) signaling pathway is regulated by clade a type 2c protein phosphatases (pp2cas) in plants. in the presence of aba, pp2cs release stress/aba-activated protein kinases by binding to aba-bound receptors (pyl/rcars) for activation. although the wedging tryptophan in pp2cs is critical in the interaction with pyl/rcars in arabidopsis and rice, it remains elusive as to how other interface regions are involved in the interaction. here, we report the identification of a conserved ... | 2017 | 28827170 |
| field experiment for determining lead accumulation in rice grains of different genotypes and correlation with iron oxides deposited on rhizosphere soil. | paddy rice (oryza sativa l.) is a major staple crop in asia. however, heavy metal accumulation in paddy soil poses a health risk for rice consumption. although plant uptake of pb is usually low, pb concentrations in rice plants have been increasing with pb contamination in paddy fields. it is known that iron oxide deposits in the rhizosphere influence the absorption of soil pb by rice plants. in this study, 14 rice cultivars bred in taiwan, including ten japonica cultivars (hl21, kh145, tc192, t ... | 2018 | 28826122 |
| stomatal development: focusing on the grasses. | the development and patterning of stomata in the plant epidermis has emerged as an ideal system for studying fundamental plant developmental processes. over the past twenty years most studies of stomata have used the model dicotyledonous plant arabidopsis thaliana. however, cultivated monocotyledonous grass (or gramineae) varieties provide the majority of human nutrition, and future research into grass stomata could be of critical importance for improving food security. recent studies using brac ... | 2017 | 28826033 |
| gaba accretion reduces lsi-1 and lsi-2 gene expressions and modulates physiological responses in oryza sativa to provide tolerance towards arsenic. | gaba counteracts wide range of stresses through regulation of gaba shunt pathway in plants. although, gaba assisted tolerance against as toxicity in plants is still unexplored. we have examined gaba induced tolerance in rice seedlings with two exposure periods of gaba i.e., short term and long term. results showed that accumulation of gaba reduced the expressions of lsi-1 and lsi-2 transporter genes, which ultimately decreased the accumulation of as in rice seedlings. the accumulation of gaba al ... | 2017 | 28821860 |
| lazy genes mediate the effects of gravity on auxin gradients and plant architecture. | a rice (oryza sativa) mutant led to the discovery of a plant-specific lazy1 protein that controls the orientation of shoots. arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) possesses six lazy genes having spatially distinct expression patterns. branch angle phenotypes previously associated with single lazy genes were here studied in roots and shoots of single and higher-order atlazy mutants. the results identify the major contributors to root and shoot branch angles and gravitropic behavior of seedling hypoc ... | 2017 | 28821594 |
| genetic dissection of seedling stage salinity tolerance in rice using introgression lines of a salt tolerant landrace nona bokra. | salinity is an important abiotic stress affecting rice production worldwide. development of salt tolerant varieties is the most feasible approach for improving rice productivity in salt affected soils. in rice, seedling stage salinity tolerance is crucial for better crop establishment. quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping using introgression lines (ils) is useful for identification and simultaneous transfer of desirable alleles into elite genetic background. in the present study, 138 ils derive ... | 2017 | 28821187 |
| rice peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase knockdown affects ros signaling and triggers early leaf senescence. | h2o2, which is continually produced by aerobic metabolism, is a cytotoxic molecule when in high levels. however, low levels can act as a signaling molecule able to regulate the expression of stress responses, senescence, programmed cell death, plant growth, and development. ascorbate peroxidase (apx) enzyme plays an essential role in the control of intracellular h2o2 levels. here, the function of a gene encoding a peroxisomal apx (osapx4) from rice (oryza sativa l.) was studied. osapx4 gene expr ... | 2017 | 28818384 |
| functional characterization of rice cw-domain containing zinc finger proteins involved in histone recognition. | histone recognition is important for understanding the mechanisms of histone modification, which play a pivotal role in transcriptional regulation during plant development. here, we identified three cysteine-tryptophan (cw)-domain containing zinc finger (zf) proteins involved in histone recognition, namely oscw-zf3, oscw-zf5 and oscw-zf7. protein sequence analysis showed that they have two unknown motifs in addition to the cw domain. all three oscw-zfs were expressed in aerial tissues, with rela ... | 2017 | 28818372 |
| genome wide association analysis of cold tolerance at germination in temperate japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) varieties. | a pool of 200 traditional, landraces and modern elite and old cultivars of rice, mainly japonica varieties adapted to temperate regions, have been used to perform a genome wide association study to detect chromosome regions associated to low temperature germination (ltg) regulation using a panel of 1672 snp markers. phenotyping was performed by determining growth rates when seeds were germinated at 25° and 15°c in order to separate the germination vigorousness from cold tolerance effects. as exp ... | 2017 | 28817683 |
| comparative studies on tolerance of rice genotypes differing in their tolerance to moderate salt stress. | moderate salt stress, which often occurs in most saline agriculture land, suppresses crop growth and reduces crop yield. rice, as an important food crop, is sensitive to salt stress and rice genotypes differ in their tolerance to salt stress. despite extensive studies on salt tolerance of rice, a few studies have specifically investigated the mechanism by which rice plants respond and tolerate to moderate salt stress. two rice genotypes differing in their tolerance to saline-alkaline stress, don ... | 2017 | 28814283 |
| rapid and targeted introgression of fgr gene through marker-assisted backcrossing in rice (oryza sativa l.). | while it is crucial for developing countries like malaysia to achieve self-sufficiency in rice (oryza sativa l.), it is equally critical to be able to produce high-quality rice, specifically fragrant rice, which demands are often met through importation. the present study was aimed at developing high-yielding fragrant rice, in a timely and cost-effective manner. a marker-assisted backcross (mabc) approach was optimised to introgress the fragrance gene (fgr) into two high-yielding malaysian varie ... | 2017 | 28813631 |
| association analysis of arsenic-induced straighthead in rice (oryza sativa l.) based on the selected population with a modified model. | a rice physiological disorder makes mature panicle keep erect with empty grains termed as "straighthead." straighthead causes yield losses and is a serious threat to rice production worldwide. here, a new study of association mapping was conducted to identify qtl involved in straighthead. a subset of 380 accessions was selected from the usda rice core collection and genotyped with 72 genome-wide ssr markers. an optimal model implemented with principle components (pcs) was used in this associatio ... | 2017 | 28812021 |
| crosstalk between diurnal rhythm and water stress reveals an altered primary carbon flux into soluble sugars in drought-treated rice leaves. | plants retain rhythmic physiological responses when adapting to environmental challenges. however, possible integrations between drought conditions and those responses have not received much focus, especially regarding crop plants, and the relationship between abiotic stress and the diurnal cycle is generally not considered. therefore, we conducted a genome-wide analysis to identify genes showing both diurnal regulation and water-deficiency response in rice (oryza sativa). among the 712 drought- ... | 2017 | 28811563 |
| the conserved and unique genetic architecture of kernel size and weight in maize and rice. | maize (zea mays) is a major staple crop. maize kernel size and weight are important contributors to its yield. here, we measured kernel length, kernel width, kernel thickness, hundred kernel weight, and kernel test weight in 10 recombinant inbred line populations and dissected their genetic architecture using three statistical models. in total, 729 quantitative trait loci (qtls) were identified, many of which were identified in all three models, including 22 major qtls that each can explain more ... | 2017 | 28811335 |
| identification and expression analysis of micrornas during ovule development in rice (oryza sativa) by deep sequencing. | microrna (mirna) expression profiles during rice ovule development revealed the possible mirna-mediated regulation between ovule sporophytic tissue and female gametophyte and the involvement of mirnas in programmed cell death. mirnas are 20-24-nucleotide small rnas that play key roles in the regulation of many growth and developmental processes in plants. rice ovule development comprises a series of biological events, which are regulated by complex molecular mechanisms. to gain insight into mirn ... | 2017 | 28808767 |
| roles of rice phytochrome-interacting factor-like1 (ospil1) in leaf senescence. | rice (oryza sativa) phytochrome-interacting factor-like1 (ospil1), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, plays an important role in the elongation of internode cells. recently, we found that ospil1 participates in chlorophyll biosynthesis by directly upregulating several genes encoding components of the photosystem apparatus. here, we show that ospil1 negatively regulates leaf senescence in rice. during dark-induced senescence (dis), ospil1 mutants senesced earlier than wild type; this ... | 2017 | 28805492 |
| three representative inter and intra-subspecific crosses reveal the genetic architecture of reproductive isolation in rice. | systematic characterization of genetic and molecular mechanisms in the formation of hybrid sterility is of fundamental importance in understanding reproductive isolation and speciation. using ultra-high-density genetic maps, 43 single-locus quantitative trait loci (qtls) and 223 digenic interactions for embryo-sac, pollen, and spikelet fertility are depicted from three crosses between representative varieties of japonica and two varietal groups of indica, which provide an extensive archive for i ... | 2017 | 28805257 |
| root transcriptomic analysis revealing the importance of energy metabolism to the development of deep roots in rice (oryza sativa l.). | drought is the most serious abiotic stress limiting rice production, and deep root is the key contributor to drought avoidance. however, the genetic mechanism regulating the development of deep roots is largely unknown. in this study, the transcriptomes of 74 root samples from 37 rice varieties, representing the extreme genotypes of shallow or deep rooting, were surveyed by rna-seq. the 13,242 differentially expressed genes (degs) between deep rooting and shallow rooting varieties (h vs. l) were ... | 2017 | 28798764 |
| c-terminal residues of rice translin are essential for octamer formation and nucleic acid binding. | translin is a dna/rna binding protein involved in dna repair and rna metabolism. previously, we had shown that rice translin (221 amino acids) exhibits biochemical activities similar to that of the human translin protein. here we report the role of the c-terminal random coil in rice translin function by analyzing truncation (after 215th residue, tra - 215) and substitution mutant proteins (ser216ala, lys217ala, gln218ala, glu219ala). circular dichroism (cd) analysis of tra-215 showed deviations ... | 2017 | 28797959 |
| genome-wide screening of oryza sativa ssp. japonica and indica reveals a complex family of proteins with ribosome-inactivating protein domains. | ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips) are cytotoxic enzymes capable of halting protein synthesis by irreversible modification of ribosomes. although rips are widespread they are not ubiquitous in the plant kingdom. the physiological importance of rips is not fully elucidated, but evidence suggests a role in the protection of the plant against biotic and abiotic stresses. searches in the rice genome revealed a large and highly complex family of proteins with a rip domain. a comparative analysis r ... | 2017 | 28797946 |
| how rice (oryza sativa l.) responds to elevated as under different si-rich soil amendments. | several strategies exist to mitigate as impacts on rice and each has its set of trade-offs with respect to yield, inorganic as content in grain, and ch4 emissions. the addition of si to paddy soil can decrease as uptake by rice but how rice will respond to elevated as when soil is amended with si-rich materials is unresolved. here, we evaluated yield impacts and grain as content and speciation in rice exposed to elevated as in response to different si-rich soil amendments including rice husk, ri ... | 2017 | 28795805 |
| development of 25 near-isogenic lines (nils) with ten bph resistance genes in rice (oryza sativa l.): production, resistance spectrum, and molecular analysis. | a first set of 25 nils carrying ten bph resistance genes and their pyramids was developed in the background of indica variety ir24 for insect resistance breeding in rice. brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stal.) is one of the most destructive insect pests in rice. development of near-isogenic lines (nils) is an important strategy for genetic analysis of brown planthopper (bph) resistance (r) genes and their deployment against diverse bph populations. a set of 25 nils with 9 single r genes an ... | 2017 | 28795219 |
| rna-seq data of oryza sativa cultivar kuku belang under peg treatment. | drought stress is the main abiotic factor affecting rice production. rain-fed upland rice which is grown on unbounded fields and totally dependent on rainfall for moisture is more prone to drought stress compared to rice from other ecosystems. however, upland rice has adapted to this limited water condition, thus are more drought tolerant than rice from other ecosystems. we performed the first transcriptome sequencing of drought tolerant indica upland rice cultivar kuku belang to identify differ ... | 2017 | 28795103 |
| catalytic and functional aspects of different isozymes of glycolate oxidase in rice. | glycolate oxidase (glo) is a key enzyme for photorespiration in plants. there are four glo genes encoding and forming different isozymes in rice, but their functional differences are not well understood. in this study, enzymatic and physiological characteristics of the glo isozymes were comparatively analyzed. | 2017 | 28789632 |
| identification and molecular mapping of indica high-tillering dwarf mutant htd4, a mild phenotype allelic mutant of d14 in rice (oryza sativa l.). | metabolism of strigolactones (sls) can improve the efficiency of nutrient use by regulating the development of roots and shoots in crops, making them an important research focus for molecular breeding. however, as a very important plant hormone, the molecular mechanism of sl signal transduction still remains largely unknown. in this study, we isolated an indica high-tillering dwarf mutant 4 (htd4), a spontaneous mutant of rice, from the restorer line gui99. mapping and sequencing analysis showed ... | 2017 | 28787541 |
| identification of the actual coding region for polyamine oxidase 6 from rice (ospao6) and its partial characterization. | polyamines (pa) in plant play roles in growth and development and in responses to environmental stresses. the family of polyamine oxidases (pao) contributes to a balanced homeostasis of pas catalyzing two different reactions, terminal catabolic (tc) and back-conversion (bc) pathway, in pa catabolism. from the seven paos encoded by the rice genome (ospao1 - ospao7) ospao6 could so far not be characterized due to failure in obtaining the coding cdna based on accessions in the genomic databases. we ... | 2017 | 28786735 |
| quantitation of glutathione s-transferases in rice (oryza sativa l.) roots exposed to cadmium by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using isotope-labeled wing peptides as an internal standard. | plant glutathione s-transferases (gsts, ec 2.5.1.18) are multifunctional enzymes involved in heavy metal cellular detoxification by conjugating the tripeptide (g-glu-cys-gly) glutathione to heavy metals. previous studies demonstrated that individual rice gsts were differentially induced by heavy metal exposure at the mrna transcript level. however, little information is available concerning changes in protein concentration of rice gsts under heavy metal stress. because the correlation between ch ... | 2017 | 28785299 |
| microct reveals domesticated rice (oryza sativa) within pottery sherds from early neolithic sites (4150-3265 cal bp) in southeast asia. | rice (oryza sativa) was domesticated in the yangtze valley region at least 6000-8000 years ago, yet the timing of dispersal of domesticated rice to southeast asia is contentious. often rice is not well-preserved in archaeobotanical assemblages at early neolithic sites in the wet tropics of southeast asia and consequently rice impressions in pottery have been used as a proxy for rice cultivation despite their uncertain taxonomic and domestication status. in this research, we use microct technolog ... | 2017 | 28785094 |
| polymeric nanoparticles as a metolachlor carrier: water-based formulation for hydrophobic pesticides and absorption by plants. | pesticide formulation is highly desirable for effective utilization of pesticide and environmental pollution reduction. studies of pesticide delivery system such as microcapsules are developing prosperously. in this work, we chose polymeric nanoparticles as a pesticide delivery system and metolachlor was used as a hydrophobic pesticide model to study water-based mpeg-plga nanoparticle formulation. preparation, characterization results showed that the resulting nanoparticles enhanced "water solub ... | 2017 | 28783335 |
| the polyketide synthase ospks2 is essential for pollen exine and ubisch body patterning in rice. | lipid and phenolic metabolism are important for pollen exine formation. in arabidopsis, polyketide synthases (pkss) are essential for both sporopollenin biosynthesis and exine formation. here, we characterized the role of a polyketide synthase (ospks2) in male reproduction of rice (oryza sativa). recombinant ospks2 catalyzed the condensation of fatty acyl-coa with malonyl-coa to generate triketide and tetraketide α-pyrones, the main components of pollen exine. indeed, the ospks2 mutant had defec ... | 2017 | 28783252 |
| foliar application of aspartic acid lowers cadmium uptake and cd-induced oxidative stress in rice under cd stress. | cadmium (cd) contamination of farmland soils is a widespread problem around the globe, and rice (oryza sativa l.) tends to accumulate more cd and is considered as one of the major sources of cd intake in humans, especially consuming rice-derived products. the current study investigated the effects of foliar applied aspartic acid (asp) on growth parameters, biomass, chlorophyll concentration, gas exchange characteristics, cd uptake, and antioxidative capacity in the shoots and roots of rice seedl ... | 2017 | 28780693 |
| heavy metals (lead, cadmium, methylmercury, arsenic) in commonly imported rice grains (oryza sativa) sold in saudi arabia and their potential health risk. | the levels of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, methylmercury and arsenic) were determined in 37 brands of imported rice commonly consumed in saudi arabia after soaking and rinsing with water, and their potential health risks to residents were estimated by three indices: hazard quotient (hq), hazard index (hi) and cancer risk (cr). the mean levels of lead, cadmium, methylmercury and total arsenic in soaked (rinsed) rice grains were 0.034 (0.057), 0.015 (0.027), 0.004 (0.007) and 0.202 (0.183) μg/g dr ... | 2017 | 28780210 |
| seed priming with se alleviate as induced phytotoxicity during germination and seedling growth by restricting as translocation in rice (oryza sativa l c.v. iet-4094). | interactive aspect of among selenium (se) and as (as) to mitigate as induced phytotoxicity in rice during germination and seedling growth has been based on mostly to petriplates and hydroponic mode of experiments. in this investigation we explore the consequences of sowing se primed rice seeds in as spiked soil. unprimed, hydroprimed and se primed rice (iet-4094) seeds sown in as spiked soil, with five replications, arranged in complete randomized design for evaluating the impacts of seed primin ... | 2017 | 28779704 |
| increment of root membrane permeability caused by microcystins result in more elements uptake in rice (oryza sativa). | we conducted an indoor culture experiment to evaluate the phytotoxic effect of microcystins (mcs) on rice. after a 30day exposure, mcs induced a clear inhibition in rice growth, as well as a disruption of its antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation. we observed an increase in root membrane permeability; the conductivity of the leakage solution of the roots at 50 and 500μgl-1 was significantly increased by 77% and 136%, respectively, compared to the control. uptake of microelements (fe, mn, cu ... | 2017 | 28778041 |
| multiple method analysis of tio2 nanoparticle uptake in rice (oryza sativa l.) plants. | understanding the translocation of nanoparticles (nps) into plants is challenging because qualitative and quantitative methods are still being developed and the comparability of results among different methods is unclear. in this study, uptake of titanium dioxide nps and larger bulk particles (bps) in rice plant (oryza sativa l.) tissues was evaluated using three orthogonal techniques: electron microscopy, single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (spicp-ms) with two different ... | 2017 | 28777911 |
| simultaneous improvement and genetic dissection of salt tolerance of rice (oryza sativa l.) by designed qtl pyramiding. | breeding of multi-stress tolerant rice varieties with higher grain yields is the best option to enhance the rice productivity of abiotic stresses prone areas. it also poses the greatest challenge to plant breeders to breed rice varieties for such stress prone conditions. here, we carried out a designed qtl pyramiding experiment to develop high yielding "green super rice" varieties with significantly improved tolerance to salt stress and grain yield. using the f4 population derived from a cross b ... | 2017 | 28775730 |
| thymol ameliorates cadmium-induced phytotoxicity in the root of rice (oryza sativa) seedling by decreasing endogenous nitric oxide generation. | thymol has been developed as medicine and food preservative due to its immune-regulatory effect and antimicrobial activity, respectively. however, little is currently known about the role of thymol in the modulation of plant physiology. in the present study, we applied biochemical and histochemical approaches to investigate thymol-induced tolerance in rice (oryza sativa) seedlings against cd (cadmium) stress. thymol at 20 μm recovered root growth completely upon cdcl2 exposure. thymol pronounced ... | 2017 | 28771007 |
| effect of selenium application on arsenic uptake in rice (oryza sativa l.). | alluvial aquifers of the agrarian state of punjab of southwestern arid zone used for irrigation of rice crops are rich in arsenic concentration. in the present study, rice (oryza sativa l.) crops were raised in pots in a greenhouse with a purpose to study whether selenium (se) application was effective in ameliorating as uptake. the rice crop was irrigated with arsenic laced water (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 μm as l-1) throughout the growing period, without and with selenium (0.05 and 0.10 mg kg-1) added ... | 2017 | 28770430 |
| silicon supplementation alters the composition of herbivore induced plant volatiles and enhances attraction of parasitoids to infested rice plants. | silicon (si) is important in plant defenses that operate in a direct manner against herbivores, and work in rice (oryza sativa) has established that this is mediated by the jasmonate signaling pathway. plant defenses also operate indirectly, by the production of herbivore induced plant volatiles (hipvs) that attract predators and parasitoids of herbivores. these indirect defenses too are mediated by the jasmonate pathway but no earlier work has demonstrated an effect of si on hipvs. in this stud ... | 2017 | 28769965 |
| tightly controlled expression of bhlh142 is essential for timely tapetal programmed cell death and pollen development in rice. | male sterility is important for hybrid seed production. pollen development is regulated by a complex network. we previously showed that knockout of bhlh142 in rice (oryza sativa) causes pollen sterility by interrupting tapetal programmed cell death (pcd) and bhlh142 coordinates with tdr to modulate the expression of eat1. in this study, we demonstrated that overexpression of bhlh142 (oe142) under the control of the ubiquitin promoter also leads to male sterility in rice by triggering the prematu ... | 2017 | 28769961 |
| oryza sativa brassinosteroid upregulated1 like1 induces the expression of a gene encoding a small leucine-rich-repeat protein to positively regulate lamina inclination and grain size in rice. | oryza sativa brassinosteroid upregulated1 like1 (osbul1) positively affects lamina inclination and grain size. osbul1 knock-out (osbul1) plants as well as transgenic rice with reduced level of osbul1 expression produce erect leaves and small grains. here, we identified a putative downstream gene of osbul1, osbul1 downstream gene1 (osbdg1) encoding a small protein with short leucine-rich-repeats by cdna microarray analyses in the lamina joint and panicles of wild-type and osbul1 plants. transgeni ... | 2017 | 28769958 |
| elevated carbon dioxide alleviates aluminum toxicity by decreasing cell wall hemicellulose in rice (oryza sativa). | carbon dioxide (co2) is involved in plant growth as well as plant responses to abiotic stresses; however, it remains unclear whether co2 is involved in the response of rice (oryza sativa) to aluminum (al) toxicity. in the current study, we discovered that elevated co2 (600 μl·l-1) significantly alleviated al-induced inhibition of root elongation that occurred in ambient co2 (400 μl·l-1). this protective effect was accompanied by a reduced al accumulation in root apex. al significantly induced ci ... | 2017 | 28769823 |
| molecular characterization of rice arsenic-induced ring finger e3 ligase 2 (osair2) and its heterogeneous overexpression in arabidopsis thaliana. | arsenic (as) accumulation adversely affects the growth and productivity of plants and poses a serious threat to human health and food security. in this study, we identified one as-responsive really interesting new gene (ring) e3 ubiquitin ligase gene from rice root tissues during as stress. we named it oryza sativa as-induced ring e3 ligase 2 (osair2). expression of osair2 was induced under various abiotic stress conditions, including heat, salt, drought and as exposure. results of an in vitro u ... | 2017 | 28766720 |
| the effects of chilling stress after anthesis on the physicochemical properties of rice (oryza sativa l) starch. | this study investigates the effect of chilling stress, over a period of three days after anthesis, on the physicochemical properties of starches derived from six rice cultivars. chilling stress significantly affected the grain characteristics and physicochemical properties of rice starches, except for those of two varieties, nj 9108 and zd 18. in the other four rice cultivars subjected to chilling stress, the content of medium, and large sized granules showed a decrease, and an increase, respect ... | 2017 | 28764089 |
| effect of corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole on the uptake and translocation of cd in rice (oryza sativa l.) under different exposure conditions. | emerging contaminants that can complex with heavy metals might affect the speciation of coexisting metals and result in different ecological risks. as a widely used metal corrosion inhibitor, 1h-benzotriazole (btr) is frequently detected in the environments, sometimes at very high levels. in this study, rice (oryza sativa l.) was used to assess the ecological risk of combined exposure to cadmium (cd) and btr in plants and discuss the potential effects of exposure sequence on the uptake and trans ... | 2017 | 28763635 |
| optimized mass spectrometry-based metabolite extraction and analysis for the geographical discrimination of white rice (oryza sativa l.): a method comparison study. | in this study, we examined the effects of different extraction methods for the gc-ms- and lc-ms-based metabolite profiling of white rice (oryza sativa l.). in addition, the metabolite divergence of white rice cultivated in either korea or china was also evaluated. the discrimination analysis of each extraction method for white rice from korea and china and the corresponding discriminatory markers were estimated by unpaired t-test, principal component analysis, k-means cluster analysis, partial l ... | 2017 | 28762322 |
| effects and mechanisms of meta-sodium silicate amendments on lead uptake and accumulation by rice. | the objectives of this research were to study the effects of na2sio3 application on the uptake, translocation, and accumulation of pb in rice and to investigate the mechanisms of pb immobilization by na2sio3 in paddy rice soils and rice plants. pot experiments were conducted using a cd-pb-zn-polluted soil and oryza sativa l. ssp. indica cv. donglian 5. l3-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to identify pb species in soils and roots. the results showed that the application of na2sio3 incr ... | 2017 | 28762046 |
| assessment and genetic analysis of heavy metal content in rice grain using an oryza sativa × o. rufipogon backcross inbred line population. | heavy metal accumulation in rice is a growing concern for public health. backcross inbred lines derived from an interspecific cross of oryza sativa × o. rufipogon were grown in two distinct ecological locations (hangzhou and lingshui, china). the objective of this study was to characterise the contents of heavy metal in rice grains, and to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for heavy metal contents. | 2017 | 28758676 |
| linking hydrogen-enhanced rice aluminum tolerance with the reestablishment of ga/aba balance and mirna-modulated gene expression: a case study on germination. | although previous results showed that exogenous hydrogen (h2) alleviated aluminum (al) toxicity, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. here, we reported that the exposure of germinating rice seeds to al triggered h2 production, followed by a decrease of ga/aba ratio and seed germination inhibition. compared to inert gas (argon), h2 pretreatment not only strengthened h2 production and alleviated al-induced germination inhibition, but also partially reestablished the balance between ga and aba. ... | 2017 | 28756251 |
| variable silicon accumulation in plants affects terrestrial carbon cycling by controlling lignin synthesis. | current climate and land-use changes affect regional and global cycles of silicon (si), with yet uncertain consequences for ecosystems. the key role of si in marine ecology by controlling algae growth is well recognized but research on terrestrial ecosystems neglected si since not considered an essential plant nutrient. however, grasses and various other plants accumulate large amounts of si, and recently it has been hypothesized that incorporation of si as a structural plant component may subst ... | 2018 | 28755386 |
| conserved function of fibrillin5 in the plastoquinone-9 biosynthetic pathway in arabidopsis and rice. | plastoquinone-9 (pq-9) is essential for plant growth and development. recently, we found that fibrillin5 (fbn5), a plastid lipid binding protein, is an essential structural component of the pq-9 biosynthetic pathway in arabidopsis. to investigate the functional conservation of fbn5 in monocots and eudicots, we identified osfbn5, the arabidopsis fbn5 (atfbn5) ortholog in rice (oryza sativa). homozygous osfbn5-1 and osfbn5-2 tos17 insertion null mutants were smaller than wild type (wt) plants when ... | 2017 | 28751900 |
| proteomics coupled with metabolite and cell wall profiling reveal metabolic processes of a developing rice stem internode. | internodes of grass stems function in mechanical support, transport, and, in some species, are a major sink organ for carbon in the form of cell wall polymers. this study reports cell wall composition, proteomic, and metabolite analyses of the rice elongating internode. cellulose, lignin, and xylose increase as a percentage of cell wall material along eight segments of the second rice internode (internode ii) at booting stage, from the younger to the older internode segments, indicating active c ... | 2017 | 28751896 |
| positive regulator of iron homeostasis1, ospri1, facilitates iron homeostasis. | oryza sativa hemerythrin motif-containing really interesting new gene and zinc-finger protein1 (oshrz1) is a putative iron-binding sensor. however, it is unclear how oshrz1 transmits signals. in this study, we reveal that positive regulator of iron homeostasis1 (ospri1) interacts with oshrz1. a loss-of-function mutation to ospri1 increased the sensitivity of plants to fe-deficient conditions and down-regulated the expression of fe-deficiency-responsive genes. yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic ... | 2017 | 28751317 |
| brassinolide-like activity of castasterone analogs with varied side chains against rice lamina inclination. | brassinolide (bl) and castasterone (cs) are the representative members of brassinosteroid class of plant steroid hormone having plant growth promoting activity. in this study, eleven cs analogs bearing a variety of side chains were synthesized to determine the effect of the side chain structures on the bl-like activity. the plant hormonal activity was evaluated in a dwarf rice lamina inclination assay, and the potency was determined as the reciprocal logarithm of the 50% effective dose (ed50) fr ... | 2017 | 28751198 |
| distribution of silicified microstructures, regulation of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and lodging resistance in silicon and paclobutrazol mediated oryza sativa. | lodging is a phenomenon that affects most of the cereal crops including rice, oryza sativa. this is due to the fragile nature of herbaceous plants whose stems are non-woody, thus affecting its ability to grow upright. silicon (si), a beneficial nutrient is often used to toughen and protect plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. deposition of si in plant tissues enhances the rigidity and stiffness of the plant as a whole. silicified cells provide the much needed strength to the culm to resist b ... | 2017 | 28747889 |
| osfh15, a class i formin, interacts with microfilaments and microtubules to regulate grain size via affecting cell expansion in rice. | grain size is an important agronomic trait determining rice yield and is mainly restricted by spikelet hull size. however, it remains largely unknown how the spikelet hull size is regulated. in this study, osfh15, a class i formin protein in oryza sativa, was found to be able to regulate the size of cells and spikelet hull. osfh15-cas9 and osfh15-rnai mutants had decreased grain size with reduced cell length, cell width and cell area of inner epidermal cells of the lemma compared with wild-type ... | 2017 | 28747699 |
| nitrogen fertilizer deep placement for increased grain yield and nitrogen recovery efficiency in rice grown in subtropical china. | field plot experiments were conducted over 3 years (from april 2014 to november 2016) in a double-rice (oryza sativa l.) cropping system in subtropical china to evaluate the effects of n fertilizer placement on grain yield and n recovery efficiency (nre). different n application methods included: no n application (ck); n broadcast application (nbp); n and npk deep placement (ndp and npkdp, respectively). results showed that grain yield and apparent nre significantly increased for ndp and npkdp a ... | 2017 | 28744302 |
| poaceae vs. abiotic stress: focus on drought and salt stress, recent insights and perspectives. | poaceae represent the most important group of crops susceptible to abiotic stress. this large family of monocotyledonous plants, commonly known as grasses, counts several important cultivated species, namely wheat (triticum aestivum), rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), and barley (hordeum vulgare). these crops, notably, show different behaviors under abiotic stress conditions: wheat and rice are considered sensitive, showing serious yield reduction upon water scarcity and soil salinity, whil ... | 2017 | 28744298 |
| identification of qtl associated with nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency using high throughput genotyped cssls in rice (oryza sativa l.). | nitrogen (n) availability is a major factor limiting crop growth and development. identification of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for n uptake (nup) and n use efficiency (nue) can provide useful information regarding the genetic basis of these traits and their associated effects on yield production. in this study, a set of high throughput genotyped chromosome segment substitution lines (cssls) derived from a cross between recipient 9311 and donor nipponbare were used to identify qtl for rice nup ... | 2017 | 28744289 |
| fine mapping of qskc-1, a major quantitative trait locus for shoot k+ concentration, in rice seedlings grown under salt stress. | shoot k+ concentration (skc) is an important physiological parameter used to evaluate salt tolerance at the seedling stage in rice (oryza sativa l.). qskc-1, a major quantitative trait locus for skc in rice under salt stress, was detected on chromosome 1 using three f2 populations constructed by crossing 'nipponbare' and its two salt-sensitive mutants (rss2 and rss4) with an indica cultivar 'zhaiyeqing8' ('zyq8'). in this study, the chromosomal location of qskc-1 was determined precisely by fine ... | 2017 | 28744182 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for rice grain quality and yield-related traits in two closely related oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica cultivars grown near the northernmost limit for rice paddy cultivation. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) associated with eating quality, grain appearance quality and yield-related traits were mapped in recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from closely related rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica) cultivars, yukihikari (good eating quality) and joiku462 (superior eating quality and high grain appearance quality). apparent amylose content (aac), protein content (pc), brown grain length (bgl), brown grain width (bgwi), brown grain thickness (bgt), brown grain weight ... | 2017 | 28744172 |
| genetic variation of root angle distribution in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings. | we developed a new method of using seedling trays to evaluate root angle distribution in rice (oryza sativa. l), and found a wide genetic variation among cultivars. the seedling tray method can be used to evaluate in detail the growth angles of rice crown roots at the seedling stage by allocating nine scores (10° to 90°). unlike basket methods, it can handle large plant populations over a short growth period (only 14 days). by using the method, we characterized the root angle distributions of 97 ... | 2017 | 28744171 |
| improvement of seed shattering and dormancy in oryza sativa l. 'hokuriku 193' based on genetic information. | in this study, we investigated the genetic basis of seed shattering and dormancy in hokuriku 193 and bred an nil improved these traits. analysis of an f3 population from hokuriku 193 × koshihikari revealed a general correspondence between seed shattering and genotypes at the qsh1 locus, suggesting a strong influence of this locus on the seed shattering in hokuriku 193. an f2 population from [ms-bo] nekken 2 × hokuriku 193 was also analyzed to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for seed dorm ... | 2017 | 28744170 |
| a rapid and reliable method for discriminating rice products from different regions using mcx-based solid-phase extraction and di-ms/ms-based metabolomics approach. | the expansion of the global rice marketplace ultimately raises concerns about authenticity control. several analytical methods for differentiating the geographical origin of rice have been developed, yet a high-throughput method is still in demand. in this study, we developed a rapid approach using direct infusion-mass spectrometry (di-ms) to distinguish rice products from different countries. specifically, the elimination of the matrix effect by a polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) filter, a mixed- ... | 2017 | 28743095 |
| leaf photosynthetic parameters related to biomass accumulation in a global rice diversity survey. | mining natural variations is a major approach to identify new options to improve crop light use efficiency. so far, successes in identifying photosynthetic parameters positively related to crop biomass accumulation through this approach are scarce, possibly due to the earlier emphasis on properties related to leaf instead of canopy photosynthetic efficiency. this study aims to uncover rice (oryza sativa) natural variations to identify leaf physiological parameters that are highly correlated with ... | 2017 | 28739819 |
| origin of rice (oryza sativa l.) domestication genes. | a number of genes that contribute to the domestication traits of cultivated rice have been identified. these include sh4, rc, prog1 and laba1, which are associated with non-shattering rachis, white pericarp, erect growth and barbless awns, respectively. the mutations giving rise to the "domestication alleles" of these genes are either invariable in cultivated rice, or have variability that is strictly associated with the phenotypic trait. this observation forms the basis to those current rice do ... | 2017 | 28736485 |
| low genetic diversity and functional constraint of mirna genes participating pollen-pistil interaction in rice. | in this study, we sequenced and analyzed the expression and evolution of rice mirna genes participating pollen-pistil interaction that is crucial to rice yield. pollen-pistil interaction is an essential reproductive process for all flowering plants. while micrornas (mirnas) are important noncoding small rnas that regulate mrna levels in eukaryotic cells, there is little knowledge about which mirnas involved in the early stages of pollen-pistil interaction in rice and how they evolve under this c ... | 2017 | 28735504 |
| wax crystal-sparse leaf 4, encoding a β-ketoacyl-coenzyme a synthase 6, is involved in rice cuticular wax accumulation. | wsl4 encodes a kcs6 protein which is required for cuticular wax accumulation in rice. very long chain fatty acids (vlcfas) are essential precursors for cuticular wax biosynthesis. vlcfa biosynthesis occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and requires the fatty acid elongase (fae) complex. the β-ketoacyl-coenzyme a synthase (kcs) catalyzes the first step of fae-mediated vlcfa elongation. here we characterized the wax crystal-sparse leaf 4 (wsl4) gene involved in leaf cuticular wax accumulation in ri ... | 2017 | 28733852 |
| sugary endosperm is modulated by starch branching enzyme iia in rice (oryza sativa l.). | starch biosynthesis is one of the most important pathways that determine both grain quality and yield in rice (oryza sativa l.). sugary endosperm, sugary-1 (sug-1), is a mutant trait for starch biosynthesis. rice plants carrying sug-1 produce grains that accumulate water-soluble carbohydrates instead of starch, even after maturity. although this trait enhances the diversity of grain quality, sugary endosperm rice has hardly been commercialized due to the severely wrinkled grains and subsequent p ... | 2017 | 28730411 |
| turgor-responsive starch phosphorylation in oryza sativa stems: a primary event of starch degradation associated with grain-filling ability. | grain filling ability is mainly affected by the translocation of carbohydrates generated from temporarily stored stem starch in most field crops including rice (oryza sativa l.). the partitioning of non-structural stem carbohydrates has been recognized as an important trait for raising the yield ceiling, yet we still do not fully understand how carbohydrate partitioning occurs in the stems. in this study, two rice subspecies that exhibit different patterns of non-structural stem carbohydrates pa ... | 2017 | 28727805 |
| transcriptional control of photosynthetic capacity: conservation and divergence from arabidopsis to rice. | contents 32 i. 32 ii. 33 iii. 36 iv. 41 43 references 43 summary: photosynthesis is one of the most important biological processes on earth. it provides the consumable energy upon which almost all organisms are dependent, and modulates the composition of the planet's atmosphere. to carry out photosynthesis, plants require a large cohort of genes. these genes encode proteins that capture light energy, store energy in sugars and build the subcellular structures required to facilitate this energy c ... | 2017 | 28727145 |
| overexpression of the osimp gene increases the accumulation of inositol and confers enhanced cold tolerance in tobacco through modulation of the antioxidant enzymes' activities. | inositol is a cyclic polyol that is involved in various physiological processes, including signal transduction and stress adaptation in plants. l-myo-inositol monophosphatase (impase) is one of the metal-dependent phosphatase family members and catalyzes the last reaction step of biosynthesis of inositol. although increased impase activity induced by abiotic stress has been reported in chickpea plants, the role and regulation of the imp gene in rice (oryza sativa l.) remains poorly understood. i ... | 2017 | 28726715 |
| a comprehensive image-based phenomic analysis reveals the complex genetic architecture of shoot growth dynamics in rice (oryza sativa). | early vigor is an important trait for many rice ( l.)-growing environments. however, genetic characterization and improvement for early vigor is hindered by the temporal nature of the trait and strong genotype × environment effects. we explored the genetic architecture of shoot growth dynamics during the early and active tillering stages by applying a functional modeling and genomewide association (gwas) mapping approach on a diversity panel of ∼360 rice accessions. multiple loci with small effe ... | 2017 | 28724075 |
| analysis of the differential gene and protein expression profile of the rolled leaf mutant of transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.). | the importance of leaf rolling in rice (oryza sativa l.) has been widely recognized. although several studies have investigated rice leaf rolling and identified some related genes, knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying rice leaf rolling, especially outward leaf rolling, is limited. therefore, in this study, differential proteomics and gene expression profiling were used to analyze rolled leaf mutant of transgenic rice in order to investigate differentially expressed genes and proteins ... | 2017 | 28723953 |
| multi-imaging of cytokinin and abscisic acid on the roots of rice (oryza sativa) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. | plant hormones act as important signaling molecules that regulate responses to abiotic stress as well as plant growth and development. because their concentrations of hormones control the physiological responses in the target tissue, it is important to know the distributions and concentrations in the tissues. however, it is difficult to determine the hormone concentration on the plant tissue as a result of the limitations of conventional methods. here, we report the first multi-imaging of two pl ... | 2017 | 28718648 |
| relative salinity tolerance of rice cultivars native to north east india: a physiological, biochemical and molecular perspective. | salinity is the second most prevalent abiotic stress faced by plants, and rice is not an exception. through this study, it has been tried upon, to study the relative salinity tolerance of eight local varieties of north east india. preliminary screening was based on their dose- and time-dependent physiological responses to salinity stress. among the cultivars, tampha was found to be relatively more tolerant, whereas mse9 the most sensitive. to further ascertain their tolerance capacity, mda and h ... | 2018 | 28718009 |
| overexpression of lsi1 in cold-sensitive rice mediates transcriptional regulatory networks and enhances resistance to chilling stress. | frequent cold spells in late spring can damage early rice seedlings. however, overexpression of the silicon-uptake gene lsi1 (lsi1-ox) in cold-sensitive rice (oryza sativa l., accession: dular) notably enhances its chilling resistance. in this study, we found that continual chilling led to chlorophyll and rna degradation in wild-type dular leaves, whereas leaves from a lsi1-ox line exhibited no obvious changes. a comparison of the global mrna expression between the two rice lines showed that gen ... | 2017 | 28716407 |
| analyses of genomic trna reveal presence of novel trnas in oryza sativa. | transfer rrnas are important molecules responsible for the translation event during protein synthesis. trnas are widespread found in unicellular to multi-cellular organisms. analysis of trna gene family members in oryza sativa revealed the presence of 750 trna genes distributed unevenly in different chromosomes. the length of o. sativa trnas genes were ranged from 66 to 91 nucleotides encoding 52 isoacceptor in total. trnaser found in chromosome 8 of o. sativa encoded only 66 nucleotides which i ... | 2017 | 28713421 |
| nickel stressed responses of rice in ni subcellular distribution, antioxidant production, and osmolyte accumulation. | nickel has been found a key pollutant in farmlands of central and south china, and understanding of ni toxicity in rice is of great significance in safety production of rice and remediation of ni polluted paddy soils. the present study aimed to investigate the uptake and subcellular distribution of ni, antioxidant production, and osmolyte accumulation of rice (oryza sativa l., cv. yangliangyou 6) plants exposed to excessive ni concentrations to gain an insight into ni-induced phytotoxicity. resu ... | 2017 | 28712076 |