| carboxyl-terminal protease regulates brucella suis morphology in culture and persistence in macrophages and mice. | the putative carboxyl-terminal processing protease (ctpa) of brucella suis 1330 is a member of a novel family of endoproteases involved in the maturation of proteins destined for the cell envelope. the b. suis ctpa protein shared up to 77% homology with ctpa proteins of other bacteria. a ctpa-deficient brucella strain (1330deltactpa), generated by allelic exchange, produced smaller colonies on enriched agar plates and exhibited a 50% decrease in growth rate in enriched liquid medium and no growt ... | 2005 | 16077124 |
| identification of a new virulence factor, bvfa, in brucella suis. | we report the identification of bvfa (for brucella virulence factor a), a small periplasmic protein unique to the genus brucella, which is essential for the virulence of brucella suis. a bvfa knockout mutant was highly attenuated both in in vitro macrophage infection assays and in vivo in the murine model of brucellosis. fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis with green fluorescent protein fusions showed that the expression of bvfa is induced within macrophages by phagosome acidification a ... | 2005 | 16113268 |
| brucella abortus virb12 is expressed during infection but is not an essential component of the type iv secretion system. | the brucella abortus virb operon, consisting of 11 genes, virb1 to virb11, and two putative genes, orf12 (virb12) and orf13, encodes a type iv secretion system (t4ss) that is required for intracellular replication and persistent infection in the mouse model. this study was undertaken to determine whether orf12 (virb12) encodes an essential part of the t4ss apparatus. the virb12 gene was found to encode a 17-kda protein, which was detected in vitro in b. abortus grown to stationary phase. mice in ... | 2005 | 16113325 |
| targeting of the virulence factor acetohydroxyacid synthase by sulfonylureas results in inhibition of intramacrophagic multiplication of brucella suis. | the acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas) of brucella suis can be effectively targeted by the sulfonylureas chlorimuron ethyl and metsulfuron methyl. growth in minimal medium was inhibited, and multiplication in human macrophages was totally abolished with 100 microm of sulfonylureas. metsulfuron methyl-resistant mutants showed reduced viability in macrophages and reduced ahas activity. | 2005 | 16127072 |
| absence of evidence for the participation of the macrophage cellular prion protein in infection with brucella suis. | brucella spp. are stealthy bacteria that enter host cells without major perturbation. the molecular mechanism involved is still poorly understood, although numerous studies have been published on this subject. recently, it was reported that brucella abortus utilizes cellular prion protein (prp(c)) to enter the cells and to reach its replicative niche. the molecular mechanisms involved were not clearly defined, prompting us to analyze this process using blocking antibodies against prp(c). however ... | 2005 | 16177294 |
| analysis of the behavior of eryc mutants of brucella suis attenuated in macrophages. | the facultatively intracellular pathogen brucella, characterized by its capacity to replicate in professional and non professional phagocytes, also causes abortion in ruminants. this property has been linked to the presence of erythritol in the placenta, as brucellae preferentially utilize erythritol. the ery operon encodes enzymes involved in erythritol metabolism, and a link with virulence has since been discussed. allelic exchange mutants in eryc of brucella suis were erythritol sensitive in ... | 2005 | 16177356 |
| differential use of the two high-oxygen-affinity terminal oxidases of brucella suis for in vitro and intramacrophagic multiplication. | expression of the high-oxygen-affinity cytochrome cbb3 and cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidases of brucella suis was studied in vitro and in the intramacrophagic niche, which was previously proposed to be oxygen limited. the cytochrome cbb3 oxidase was exclusively expressed in vitro, whereas the cytochrome bd oxidase was preferentially used inside macrophages and contributed to intracellular bacterial replication. | 2005 | 16239582 |
| the incp island in the genome of brucella suis 1330 was acquired by site-specific integration. | an 18,228-bp region containing open reading frames predicted to be derived from the incp plasmid or phage ancestors is present in the genomes of brucella suis biovars 1 to 4, b. canis, b. neotomae, and strains isolated from marine mammals, but not in b. melitensis, b. abortus, b. ovis, and b. suis biovar 5. the presence of circular excision intermediates and the results of an analysis of sequenced bacterial genomes suggest that the region downstream of the guaa gene is a hotspot for site-specifi ... | 2005 | 16239585 |
| peptidoglycan degradation by specialized lytic transglycosylases associated with type iii and type iv secretion systems. | specialized lytic transglycosylases are muramidases capable of locally degrading the peptidoglycan meshwork of gram-negative bacteria. specialized lytic transglycosylase genes are present in clusters encoding diverse macromolecular transport systems. this paper reports the analysis of selected members of the specialized lytic transglycosylase family from type iii and type iv secretion systems. these proteins were analysed in vivo by assaying their ability to complement the dna transfer defect of ... | 2005 | 16272370 |
| the putative lytic transglycosylase virb1 from brucella suis interacts with the type iv secretion system core components virb8, virb9 and virb11. | virb1-like proteins are believed to act as lytic transglycosylases, which facilitate the assembly of type iv secretion systems via localized lysis of the peptidoglycan. this paper presents the biochemical analysis of interactions of purified brucella suis virb1 with core components of the type iv secretion system. genes encoding virb1, virb8, virb9, virb10 and virb11 were cloned into expression vectors; the affinity-tagged proteins were purified from escherichia coli, and analyses by gel filtrat ... | 2005 | 16272371 |
| functional interactions between type iv secretion systems involved in dna transfer and virulence. | this paper reports an analysis of the functional interactions between type iv secretion systems (t4ss) that are part of the conjugative machinery for horizontal dna transfer (ct4ss), and t4ss involved in bacterial pathogenicity (pt4ss). the authors' previous work showed that a conjugative coupling protein (t4cp) interacts with the virb10-type component of the t4ss in order to recruit the protein-dna complex to the transporter for conjugative dna transfer. this study now shows by two-hybrid analy ... | 2005 | 16272374 |
| whole-genome analyses of speciation events in pathogenic brucellae. | despite their high dna identity and a proposal to group classical brucella species as biovars of brucella melitensis, the commonly recognized brucella species can be distinguished by distinct biochemical and fatty acid characters, as well as by a marked host range (e.g., brucella suis for swine, b. melitensis for sheep and goats, and brucella abortus for cattle). here we present the genome of b. abortus 2308, the virulent prototype biovar 1 strain, and its comparison to the two other human patho ... | 2005 | 16299333 |
| high susceptibility of human dendritic cells to invasion by the intracellular pathogens brucella suis, b. abortus, and b. melitensis. | bacteria from the brucella genus are able to survive and proliferate within macrophages. because they are phylogenetically closely related to macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells (dcs) constitute potential targets for brucella bacteria. here we report that dcs display a great susceptibility to brucella infection. therefore, dcs might serve as a reservoir and be important for the development of brucella bacteria within their host. | 2005 | 16299342 |
| seroprevalence of brucellosis, tularemia, and yersiniosis in wild boars (sus scrofa) from north-eastern germany. | brucellosis and tularemia are classical zoonotic diseases transmitted from an animal reservoir to humans. both, wildlife and domestic animals, contribute to the spreading of these zoonoses. the surveillance of the animal health status is strictly regulated for domestic animals, whereas systematic disease monitoring in wildlife does not exist. the aim of the present study was to provide data on the prevalence of anti-brucella, anti-francisella and anti-yersinia antibodies in wild boars from north ... | 2005 | 16364020 |
| the brucella suis type iv secretion system assembles in the cell envelope of the heterologous host agrobacterium tumefaciens and increases incq plasmid pls1 recipient competence. | pathogenic brucella species replicate within mammalian cells, and their type iv secretion system is essential for intracellular survival and replication. the options for biochemical studies on the brucella secretion system are limited due to the rigidity of the cells and biosafety concerns, which preclude large-scale cell culture and fractionation. to overcome these problems, we heterologously expressed the brucella suis virb operon in the closely related alpha(2)-proteobacterium agrobacterium t ... | 2006 | 16368963 |
| essential role of vaccines in brucellosis control and eradication programs for livestock. | brucellosis, in particular infections with brucella abortus, brucella melitensis or brucella suis, remains a significant human health threat in many areas of the world. the persistence of pathogenic brucella spp. in domestic livestock or free-ranging wildlife remains unresolved, despite decades of regulatory efforts worldwide. although vaccination is probably the most economic control measure, administration of currently available vaccines alone is not sufficient for elimination of brucellosis i ... | 2005 | 16372886 |
| catabolism of 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose in sinorhizobium morelense s-30.7.5: discovery, characterization, and overexpression of a new 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose reductase and its application in sugar analysis and rare sugar synthesis. | the bacterium sinorhizobium morelense s-30.7.5 was isolated by a microbial screening using the sugar 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose (af) as the sole carbon source. this strain metabolized af by a novel pathway involving its reduction to 1,5-anhydro-d-mannitol (am) and the further conversion of am to d-mannose by c-1 oxygenation. growth studies showed that the af metabolizing capability is not confined to s. morelense s-30.7.5 but is a more common feature among the rhizobiaceae. the af reducing enzyme wa ... | 2006 | 16461673 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens virb8 structure reveals potential protein-protein interaction sites. | bacterial type iv secretion systems (t4ss) translocate dna and/or proteins to recipient cells, thus providing a mechanism for conjugative transfer of genetic material and bacterial pathogenesis. here we describe the first structure of a core component from the archetypal agrobacterium tumefaciens t4ss: the 2.2-a resolution crystal structure of the virb8 periplasmic domain (pvirb8(at)). virb8 forms a dimer in the crystal, and we identify residues likely important for stabilization of the dimer in ... | 2006 | 16481621 |
| differentiation between serological responses to brucella suis and yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:9 after natural or experimental infection in pigs. | false-positive serological reactions (fpsr) due to infections with yersinia enterocolitica serotype oratio9 (yeoratio9) are a problem in tests for brucellosis. in the present study, fpsr in classical and novel tests for brucellosis following experimental infections of pigs with yeoratio9 were compared with responses of b. suis biovar 2-inoculated pigs. fpsr were limited to 2-9 weeks post-yeoratio9 inoculation, while b. suis-infected pigs were test-positive throughout the 21-week period of invest ... | 2006 | 16490140 |
| requirement of nord for brucella suis virulence in a murine model of in vitro and in vivo infection. | a mutant of brucella suis bearing a tn5 insertion in nord, the last gene of the operon norefcbqd, encoding nitric oxide reductase, was unable to survive under anaerobic denitrifying conditions. the nord strain exhibited attenuated multiplication within nitric oxide-producing murine macrophages and rapid elimination in mice, hence demonstrating that nord is essential for brucella virulence. | 2006 | 16495577 |
| brucellosis in feral swine. | some 255 feral hogs were serologically tested for brucella titers at a location in the lower coastal plain of south carolina. eighteen percent were reactors. the organism was cultured from lymph node tissues in one 3+ years old boar and identified as brucella suis biotype 1. prevalence of sero-positive animals increased with age. there were no important differences between sexes. | 1976 | 16502703 |
| brucella outer membrane protein omp31 is a haemin-binding protein. | the expression of haemin-binding proteins (hbps) in the outer membrane is one of the strategies used by gram-negative bacteria to obtain iron from the host. no hbp has been described in brucella spp. we investigated whether omp31, an outer membrane protein from brucella with homology to hbps from bartonella quintana, is an hbp. soluble recombinant omp31 bound specifically to haemin-agarose, while an unrelated brucella protein (sura) did not. a similar experiment showed that native omp31 found in ... | 2006 | 16517201 |
| development of a multiplex pcr assay for polymorphism analysis of brucella suis biovars causing brucellosis in swine. | swine brucellosis is caused by the biovars 1, 2 and 3 of brucella suis the identification of which up to now relies on microbiological tests lacking adequate specificity together with time consuming and expensive molecular procedures. based on sequence variation of the omp2b gene, we have developed a four primer set multiplex pcr assay that was tested for polymorphism analysis of b. suis biovars causing brucellosis in swine. the assay exploits the single nucleotide polymorphisms found in omp2b g ... | 2006 | 16530357 |
| osmotically sensitive brucella in infected normal and immune macrophages. | when brucella suis is grown in tissue cultures of normal guinea pig macrophages, the brucella multiplies significantly without the induction of osmotically sensitive forms. in immune macrophages in the presence of normal guinea pig serum, there is a reduction in the number of intracellular brucella and no multiplication is seen over a 72-hr period. after 6 hr of exposure to immune macrophages, however, approximately 50% of the surviving intracellular brucella are osmotically sensitive, i.e., the ... | 1970 | 16557705 |
| separation of soluble brucella antigens by gel-filtration chromatography. | soluble precipitating antigens of brucella suis have been, in various degrees, purified by filtration on sephadex gels. the most useful gels employed were sephadex g-150, sephadex g-200, and sepharose 4b. although not all fractions proved to be immunologically pure, some crude molecular-size estimates of most of the 13 soluble antigens of the brucella cell could be given. in addition, monospecific antisera to three purified brucella antigens have been prepared. by using purified preparations, ph ... | 1970 | 16557798 |
| fractionation of phenol extracts from brucella suis: separation of multiple biologically active components. | brucella suis endotoxin prepared by a modification of westphal's method was purified further by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. the latter proved to be the most effective means of separating antigenic components associated with this fraction. all of the toxic activity was located in a single peak from carboxymethyl-sephadex. subsequent separation of this material on diethylaminoethyl (deae)-sephadex indicated the presence of two or more toxic components in phenol extracts of b. s ... | 1970 | 16557826 |
| pasteurization of milk artificially infected with two strains of brucella suis. | | 1932 | 16559598 |
| brucella suis in aerated broth culture: i. preliminary studies on growth assays, inoculum, and growth characteristics in an improved medium. | | 1946 | 16561174 |
| brucella suis in aerated broth culture: ii. aeration studies. | | 1946 | 16561175 |
| brucella suis in aerated broth culture: iii. continuous culture studies. | | 1946 | 16561176 |
| concentration of brucella suis from broth culture. | | 1946 | 16561209 |
| studies on the nutritional requirements of brucella suis. | | 1947 | 16561250 |
| dimerization and interactions of brucella suis virb8 with virb4 and virb10 are required for its biological activity. | virb8-like proteins are essential components of type iv secretion systems, bacterial virulence factors that mediate the translocation of effector molecules from many bacterial pathogens into eukaryotic cells. based on cell biological, genetic, and x-ray crystallographic data, virb8 was proposed to undergo multiple protein-protein interactions to mediate assembly of the translocation machinery. here we report the results of a structure-function analysis of the periplasmic domain of virb8 from the ... | 2006 | 16648257 |
| a large domain swap in the virb11 atpase of brucella suis leaves the hexameric assembly intact. | virb11 atpases are hexameric assemblies that power type iv secretion systems in bacteria. the hexamer of brucella suis virb11 (bsb11), like that of the helicobacter pylori virb11 (hp0525), consists of a double ring structure formed by the n-terminal and c-terminal domains of each monomer. however, the monomer differs dramatically from that of hp0525 by a large domain swap that leaves the hexameric assembly intact but profoundly alters the nucleotide-binding site and the interface between subunit ... | 2006 | 16730027 |
| the stringent response mediator rsh is required for brucella melitensis and brucella suis virulence, and for expression of the type iv secretion system virb. | physiological adaptation of intracellular bacteria is critical for timely interaction with eukaryotic host cells. one mechanism of adaptation, the stringent response, is induced by nutrient stress via its effector molecule (p)ppgpp, synthesized by the action of rela/spot homologues. the intracellular pathogen brucella spp., causative agent of brucellosis, possesses a gene homologous to rela/spot, named rsh, encoding a (p)ppgpp synthetase as confirmed by heterologous complementation of a rela mut ... | 2006 | 16803581 |
| the brucella abortus cyclic beta-1,2-glucan virulence factor is substituted with o-ester-linked succinyl residues. | brucella periplasmic cyclic beta-1,2-glucan plays an important role during bacterium-host interaction. nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry analysis, thin-layer chromatography, and deae-sephadex chromatography were used to characterize brucella abortus cyclic glucan. in the present study, we report that a fraction of b. abortus cyclic beta-1,2-glucan is substituted with succinyl residues, which confer anionic character on the cyclic beta-1,2-glucan. the oligosaccharide backbone is substituted ... | 2006 | 16816173 |
| evaluation of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase for the identification of nonfermenting gram-negative rods. | to evaluate the activity of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (pyr) for the differentiation and identification of nonfermenting gram negative rods (nfgnr), 293 isolates were tested. a 24 h culture of each test organism was prepared. from this a 108-109 cfu/ml suspension was added to 0.25 ml of sterile physiologic solution. a pyr disk was then added and the test was incubated for 30 minutes at 35-37 degrees c, at environmental atmosphere. reading was done by adding 1 drop of cinnamaldehyde reagent. strain ... | 2007 | 16822636 |
| swapping of periplasmic domains between brucella suis virb8 and a psb102 virb8 homologue allows heterologous complementation. | a brucella suis mutant with a nonpolar deletion in the virb8 gene was attenuated in a macrophage infection model. complementation with the b. suis virb8 protein expressed from the virb promoter restored virulence. expression of traj, a virb8 homologue from plasmid psb102, did not restore virulence; however, virulence was partially restored by a chimeric protein containing the n terminus of the b. suis virb8 protein and the c-terminal periplasmic domain of traj. | 2006 | 16861687 |
| parenteral vaccination of domestic pigs with brucella abortus strain rb51. | to determine the immunogenicity and efficacy of brucella abortus strain rb51 (srb51) as a vaccine in domestic pigs. | 2006 | 17014337 |
| release of ll-37 by activated human vgamma9vdelta2 t cells: a microbicidal weapon against brucella suis. | human vgamma9vdelta2 t cells play a crucial role in early immune response to intracellular pathogens. moreover, in brucellosis, these cells are drastically increased in the peripheral blood of patients during the acute phase of infection. in vitro, vgamma9vdelta2 t cells are capable of inhibiting brucella growth and development through a combination of mechanisms: 1) cytotoxicity, 2) macrophage activation and bactericidal activity through cytokine and chemokine secretion, and 3) antibacterial ef ... | 2006 | 17015740 |
| characterization of a brucella sp. strain as a marine-mammal type despite isolation from a patient with spinal osteomyelitis in new zealand. | naturally acquired infection of humans with a marine mammal-associated brucella sp. has only been reported once previously in a study describing infections of two patients from peru. we report the isolation and characterization of a strain of brucella from a new zealand patient that appears most closely related to strains previously identified from marine mammals. the isolate was preliminarily identified as brucella suis using conventional bacteriological tests in our laboratory. however, the re ... | 2006 | 17035490 |
| the tolc homologue of brucella suis is involved in resistance to antimicrobial compounds and virulence. | brucella spp., like other pathogens, must cope with the environment of diverse host niches during the infection process. in doing this, pathogens evolved different type of transport systems to help them survive and disseminate within the host. members of the tolc family have been shown to be involved in the export of chemically diverse molecules ranging from large protein toxins to small toxic compounds. the role of proteins from the tolc family in brucella and other alpha-2-proteobacteria has b ... | 2007 | 17088356 |
| different roles of the two high-oxygen-affinity terminal oxidases of brucella suis: cytochrome c oxidase, but not ubiquinol oxidase, is required for persistence in mice. | the survival of brucella suis mutant strains in mice demonstrated different roles of the two high-oxygen-affinity terminal oxidases. the cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase was essential for chronic infection in oxygen-deficient organs. lack of the cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase led to hypervirulence of bacteria, which could rely on nitrite accumulation inhibiting the inducible nitric oxide synthase of the host. | 2007 | 17101669 |
| insight in to the phylogeny of polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis: horizontal gene transfer. | polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are gaining more and more importance the world over due to their structural diversity and close analogy to plastics. their biodegradability makes them extremely desirable substitutes for synthetic plastics. phas are produced in organisms under certain stress conditions. here, we investigated 253 sequenced (completely and unfinished) genomes for the diversity and phylogenetics of the pha biosynthesis. discrepancies in the phylogenetic trees for phaa, phab and phac gen ... | 2007 | 17113245 |
| cell-mediated immune responses differentiate infections with brucella suis from yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:9 in pigs. | due to almost identical lipopolysaccharide (lps) o-antigens, infections with yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:9 (yeo:9) cause false positive serological reactions (fpsr) in tests for brucella and thus cause problems in national brucella surveillance programs. as lps are strong inducers of antibody responses it was hypothesized that cell-mediated immune responses to non-lps antigens of the two bacteria can be used to separate immune responses to these two biologically very different infections. ... | 2007 | 17270281 |
| prevalence of classical swine fever, aujeszky's disease and brucellosis in a population of wild boar in switzerland. | during two survey rounds of a national surveillance system for infectious diseases in wild boar in switzerland, each lasting four months from november to february, between 2001 and 2003, 1949 blood samples and 62 tissue samples from the spleen and 50 from the reproductive organs were collected from hunted wild boar. the survey was designed so that freedom from infection could be detected with a probability of 95 per cent at a threshold prevalence of less than 1 per cent for classical swine fever ... | 2007 | 17369476 |
| the existing and potential importance of brucellosis and tuberculosis in canadian wildlife: a review. | as the campaign to eradicate bovine brucellosis (brucella abortus) and tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) in canadian livestock nears completion, the importance of extraneous sources of these diseases increases. this review summarizes the literature on brucellosis and tuberculosis in canadian wildlife species to determine existing and potential hosts. canadian caribou (rangifer tarandus) are reservoirs of brucella suis biotype 4 which is pathogenic in caribou, humans and muskoxen but reportedly ... | 1986 | 17422637 |
| isolates of brucella suis biovar 4 from animals and humans in canada, 1982-1990. | | 1991 | 17423899 |
| diagnostic characterization of a feral swine herd enzootically infected with brucella. | eighty feral swine were trapped from a herd that had been documented to be seropositive for brucella and which had been used for brucella abortus rb51 vaccine trials on a 7,100-hectare tract of land in south carolina. the animals were euthanized and complete necropsies were performed. samples were taken for histopathology, brucella culture, and brucella serology. brucella was cultured from 62 (77.5%) animals. brucella suis was isolated from 55 animals (68.8%), and all isolates were biovar 1. bru ... | 2007 | 17459850 |
| brucella suis histidinol dehydrogenase: synthesis and inhibition studies of a series of substituted benzylic ketones derived from histidine. | brucella spp. is the causative agent of brucellosis (malta fever), which is the most widespread zoonosis worldwide. the pathogen is capable of establishing persistent infections in humans which are extremely difficult to eradicate even with antibiotic therapy. moreover, brucella is considered as a potential bioterrorism agent. histidinol dehydrogenase (hdh, ec 1.1.1.23) has been shown to be essential for the intramacrophagic replication of this pathogen. it therefore constitutes an original and ... | 2007 | 17481905 |
| brucella suis urease encoded by ure1 but not ure2 is necessary for intestinal infection of balb/c mice. | in prokaryotes, the ureases are multi-subunit, nickel-containing enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of urea to carbon dioxide and ammonia. the brucella genomes contain two urease operons designated as ure1 and ure2. we investigated the role of the two brucella suis urease operons on the infection, intracellular persistence, growth, and resistance to low-ph killing. | 2007 | 17578575 |
| brucella suis prevents human dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation through regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha secretion. | brucella is a facultative intracellular pathogen and the etiological agent of brucellosis. in some cases, human brucellosis results in a persistent infection that may reactivate years after the initial exposure. the mechanisms by which the parasite evades clearance by the immune response to chronically infect its host are unknown. we recently demonstrated that dendritic cells (dcs), which are critical components of adaptive immunity, are highly susceptible to brucella infection and are a prefere ... | 2007 | 17635859 |
| targeting of the brucella suis virulence factor histidinol dehydrogenase by histidinol analogues results in inhibition of intramacrophagic multiplication of the pathogen. | brucella suis histidinol dehydrogenase (hdh) can be efficiently targeted by substrate analogues. the growth of this pathogen in minimal medium was inhibited and the multiplication in human macrophages was totally abolished in the presence of the drugs. these effects have been shown to be correlated with the previously described inhibition of brucella hdh activity. | 2007 | 17698620 |
| identification and isolation of brucella suis virulence genes involved in resistance to the human innate immune system. | brucella strains are facultative intracellular pathogens that induce chronic diseases in humans and animals. this observation implies that brucella subverts innate and specific immune responses of the host to develop its full virulence. deciphering the genes involved in the subversion of the immune system is of primary importance for understanding the virulence of the bacteria, for understanding the pathogenic consequences of infection, and for designing an efficient vaccine. we have developed a ... | 2007 | 17709411 |
| improving the specificity of immunodiagnosis for porcine brucellosis. | this report describes the use of cell mediated immunity to improve specificity of current diagnosis for brucella suis. diagnosis is problematic due to cross reactions that lead to false positive serological reactions (fpsr) in the standard diagnostic tests. a common cause of this cross reactivity is infection with the organism yersinia enterocolitica o:9. gottingen mini-pigs were experimentally infected with b. suis biovar i field strain or y. enterocolitica serotype o:9 biotype 3. infection was ... | 2008 | 17934790 |
| interaction of brucella suis and brucella abortus rough strains with human dendritic cells. | brucella is a facultative intracellular pathogen of various mammals and the etiological agent of brucellosis. we recently demonstrated that dendritic cells (dcs), which are critical components of adaptive immunity, are highly susceptible to brucella infection. furthermore, brucella prevented the infected dcs from engaging in maturation processes and impaired their capacity to present antigen to naive t cells and to secrete interleukin-12 (il-12). the lipopolysaccharide (lps) phenotype is largely ... | 2007 | 17938225 |
| comparison of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis with other pcr-based methods for typing brucella suis isolates. | multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (mlva), multiplex pcr, and pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were compared for typing brucella suis isolates. a perfect concordance was obtained among these molecular assays. however, mlva was the only method to demonstrate brucellosis outbreaks and to confirm that wildlife is a reservoir for zoonotic brucellosis. | 2007 | 17942649 |
| evaluation of genus-specific and species-specific real-time pcr assays for the identification of brucella spp. | the identification of brucella isolates using conventional microbiological techniques is time-consuming and hazardous. we therefore assessed the performance of real-time pcr assays for the identification of members of the genus brucella to the genus and species level. | 2007 | 17970716 |
| a selective medium for the isolation of brucella suis. | | 1946 | 18016369 |
| phylogenomics and signature proteins for the alpha proteobacteria and its main groups. | alpha proteobacteria are one of the largest and most extensively studied groups within bacteria. however, for these bacteria as a whole and for all of its major subgroups (viz. rhizobiales, rhodobacterales, rhodospirillales, rickettsiales, sphingomonadales and caulobacterales), very few or no distinctive molecular or biochemical characteristics are known. | 2007 | 18045498 |
| brucella suis treated successfully with streptomycin. | | 1949 | 18135111 |
| infection of the hip by brucella suis. | | 1949 | 18140650 |
| [construction and characterization of a brucella suis s2 strain with a chloramphenicol resistance marker]. | vaccination has not been used widely because of the interference in the discrimination between infected and vaccinated animals in immune-screening procedures. in the present study, chloramphenicol resistance gene (cm(r)) was cloned into the genomic dna of brucella suis s2 strain by homologous recombination with knocking out the wbkc gene, and obtained the recombinant rs2-wbkc. further study confirmed that rs2-wbkc was conversed into rough-phenotype form smooth-phenotype. the recombinant keeps th ... | 2007 | 18271249 |
| infection trials in pigs with a human isolate of brucella ( isolate 02/611 'marine mammal type' ). | to determine if pigs could support infection of a human brucella isolate (brucella 02/611) from new zealand, and to study seroconversion to this isolate using a competitive elisa. | 2008 | 18322554 |
| brucella suis identification and biovar typing by real-time pcr. | fast and accurate identification of brucella suis at the biovar level is an important issue for public health laboratories because some of the biovars that infect suidae (boars and pigs) are pathogenic for humans while others are not. since classical biovar typing methods are often time-consuming, hard to standardize and require high-level biosafety containment, methodological improvements are desirable. this article describes new single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) signatures for the rapid ide ... | 2008 | 18499359 |
| intracellular rescuing of a b. melitensis 16m virb mutant by co-infection with a wild type strain. | brucella is a broad-range, facultative intracellular pathogen that can survive and replicate in an endoplasmic reticulum (er)-derived replication niche by preventing fusion of its membrane-bound compartment with late endosomes and lysosomes. this vacuolar hijacking was demonstrated to be dependent on the type iv secretion system virb but no secreted effectors have been identified yet. a virb mutant is unable to reach its er-derived replicative niche and does not multiply intracellularly. in this ... | 2008 | 18547782 |
| brucella suis histidinol dehydrogenase: synthesis and inhibition studies of substituted n-l-histidinylphenylsulfonyl hydrazide. | histidinol dehydrogenase (hdh, ec ec1.1.1.23) catalyses the final step in the biosynthesis of histidine and constitutes an attractive novel target for the development of new agents against the pathogenous, bacteria brucella suis. a small library of new hdh inhibitors based on the l-histidinylphenylsulfonyl hydrazide scaffold has been synthesized and their inhibitory activity investigated. the obtained results demonstrate that modification of the group between the histidinyl moiety and the phenyl ... | 2008 | 18569340 |
| virb type iv secretory system does not contribute to brucella suis' avoidance of human dendritic cell maturation. | dendritic cells (dcs), which are critical components of adaptive immunity, are highly susceptible to infection with the intracellular bacteria brucella. infection with living brucella prevents infected human dcs from engaging in maturation processes, thus impairing their capacity to present antigens to naïve t cells and to secrete il-12. recently, we have established that several attenuated mutants of brucella (rough, omp25, bvrr) are unable to control dcs maturation and thus effectively stimula ... | 2008 | 18625010 |
| enzymatic, immunological and phylogenetic characterization of brucella suis urease. | the sequenced genomes of the brucella spp. have two urease operons, ure-1 and ure-2, but there is evidence that only one is responsible for encoding an active urease. the present work describes the purification and the enzymatic and phylogenomic characterization of urease from brucella suis strain 1330. additionally, the urease reactivity of sera from patients diagnosed with brucellosis was examined. | 2008 | 18638408 |
| brucella: a mr "hide" converted into dr jekyll. | dr david bruce (1855-1931) first identified the causative agent of brucellosis as a small gram-negative alpha-proteobacterium, which was later on called brucella melitensis in his honor by meyer and shaw. nowadays, four strains exhibit pathogenicity in humans with b. melitensis being the least host specific and also the most infectious for humans. the other strains are brucella suis and brucella abortus and more recently human cases being infected with brucella cetaceae have been reported. why s ... | 2008 | 18664389 |
| novel identification and differentiation of brucella melitensis, b. abortus, b. suis, b. ovis, b. canis, and b. neotomae suitable for both conventional and real-time pcr systems. | we describe the development of a novel pcr assay for the rapid detection of members of the brucella genus, and the differentiation between six recognized brucella species. the assay has proven to be highly specific with the additional advantage of being suitable for use with both conventional and real-time pcr. | 2008 | 18675856 |
| quantitative analysis of the intramacrophagic brucella suis proteome reveals metabolic adaptation to late stage of cellular infection. | a 2-d dige approach allowed the characterization of the intramacrophagic proteome of the intracellular pathogen brucella suis at the late stage of in vitro infection by efficient discrimination between bacterial and host cell proteins. using a subtraction model, a total of 168 proteins showing altered concentrations in comparison with extracellularly grown, stationary-phase bacteria were identified. the majority of the 44 proteins significantly regulated at this stage of infection were involved ... | 2008 | 18704908 |
| brucellosis complicating chronic non-infectious disorders: diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. | there is little information in the literature on the clinical progress of brucellosis in patients affected by other non-infectious diseases; however, the infection can often trigger an exacerbation of existing underlying conditions in certain target organs. in this report we present four cases of brucellosis complicating previous diseases, and the difficulties in relation to their diagnosis and treatment. the study involved four patients with the following disorders: polycythaemia vera, pulmonar ... | 2008 | 18719189 |
| activity of native vs. synthetic promoters in brucella. | brucellosis caused by brucella species is reportedly the most common zoonotic infection worldwide. the bacterial pathogen is also classified by the centers for disease control and prevention as a category (b) pathogen that has the potential for development as a bioweapon. although eight genomes of brucella have been sequenced, little information is available regarding the regulation of gene expression and promoter activity in brucella spp. we therefore constructed a set of broad-host-range vecto ... | 2008 | 18811654 |
| identification of vcea and vcec, two members of the vjbr regulon that are translocated into macrophages by the brucella type iv secretion system. | survival and replication inside host cells by brucella spp. requires a type iv secretion system (t4ss), encoded by the virb locus. however, the identity of the molecules secreted by the t4ss has remained elusive. we hypothesized that proteins translocated by the t4ss would be co-regulated with the virb operon. the luxr family regulator vjbr, known to regulate virb, bound a fragment of the virb promoter containing an 18 bp palindromic motif (virb promoter box), showing that vjbr regulated the vir ... | 2008 | 19019140 |
| interplay between two rnd systems mediating antimicrobial resistance in brucella suis. | the rnd-type efflux pumps are responsible for the multidrug resistance phenotype observed in many clinically relevant species. also, rnd pumps have been implicated in physiological processes, with roles in the virulence mechanisms of several pathogenic bacteria. we have previously shown that the bepc outer membrane factor of brucella suis is involved in the efflux of diverse drugs, probably as part of a tripartite complex with an inner membrane translocase. in the present work, we characterize t ... | 2009 | 19201794 |
| interactions between brucella suis virb8 and its homolog traj from the plasmid psb102 underline the dynamic nature of type iv secretion systems. | the proteinvirb8 plays a critical role in the assembly and function of the agrobacterium tumefaciens virb type iv secretion system (t4ss). the structure of the periplasmic domain of both a. tumefaciens and brucella suis virb8 has been determined, and site-directed mutagenesis has revealed amino acids involved in the dimerization of virb8 and interactions with virb4 and virb10. we have shown previously that traj, the virb8 homologue from psb102, and the chimeric protein trajb8, encompassing the c ... | 2009 | 19251859 |
| human cd4+ invariant nkt cells are involved in antibacterial immunity against brucella suis through cd1d-dependent but cd4-independent mechanisms. | human invariant nkt (inkt) cells are a unique subset of t cells, which recognize glycolipids presented by the cd1d. among the inkt cells, several functionally distinct subsets have been characterized according to cd4 and/or cd8 co-receptor expression. the current study is focussed on the cd4(+) inkt cell subset and its role in an anti-infectious response. we have examined the role of cd4(+) inkt cells on the intracellular brucella suis growth. our results indicate that cd4(+) inkt cells impair t ... | 2009 | 19266487 |
| isolation of brucella suis from air of slaughterhouse. | | 1962 | 19316420 |
| development and characterization of mouse models of infection with aerosolized brucella melitensis and brucella suis. | there is a need to identify vaccines that can protect against brucella, a potential bioterrorism agent. we have developed mouse models of infection with aerosolized brucella melitensis and brucella suis and demonstrated their utility for the evaluation of vaccines using the model live b. melitensis vaccine strain rev.1. | 2009 | 19321692 |
| analysis of ten brucella genomes reveals evidence for horizontal gene transfer despite a preferred intracellular lifestyle. | the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen brucella infects a wide range of warm-blooded land and marine vertebrates and causes brucellosis. currently, there are nine recognized brucella species based on host preferences and phenotypic differences. the availability of 10 different genomes consisting of two chromosomes and representing six of the species allowed for a detailed comparison among themselves and relatives in the order rhizobiales. phylogenomic analysis of ortholog families show ... | 2009 | 19346311 |
| smooth brucella strains invade and replicate in human lung epithelial cells without inducing cell death. | inhalation is a common route for brucella infection. we investigated whether brucella species can invade and replicate within alveolar(a549) and bronchial (calu-6 and 16hbe14o-) human epithelial cells. the number of adherent and intracellular bacteria was higher for rough strains (brucella canis and brucella abortus rb51) than for smooth strains (b. abortus 2308 and brucella suis 1330). only smooth strains exhibited efficient intracellular replication (1.5-3.5 log increase at 24 h p.i.). a b. ab ... | 2009 | 19397873 |
| brucella suis infection associated with feral swine hunting - three states, 2007-2008. | historically, brucellosis from brucella suis infection occurred among workers in swine slaughterhouses. in 1972, the u.s. department of agriculture national brucellosis eradication program was expanded to cover swine herds. subsequent elimination of brucellosis in commercial swine resulted in a decrease in b. suis-associated illness in humans. currently, swine-associated brucellosis in humans in the united states is predominantly associated with exposure to infected feral swine (i.e., wild boar ... | 2009 | 19521334 |
| proteomic analysis of brucella suis under oxygen deficiency reveals flexibility in adaptive expression of various pathways. | low oxygen tension was proposed to be one of the environmental parameters characteristic of the patho-physiological conditions of natural infections by brucella suis. we previously showed that various respiratory pathways may be used by b. suis in response to microaerobiosis and anaerobiosis. here, we compare the whole proteome of b. suis exposed to such low-oxygenated conditions to that obtained from bacteria grown under ambient air using 2-d dige. data showed that the reduction of basal metabo ... | 2009 | 19526545 |
| pathogen exposure in feral swine populations geographically associated with high densities of transitional swine premises and commercial swine production. | surveys for evidence of exposure to pseudorabies virus (prv), brucella suis, swine influenza virus (siv; human-like h1n1, reassortant type h1n1, h1n2-like h1n1 and h3n2), porcine circovirus 2 (pcv 2), and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv) in feral swine (sus scrofa) were conducted in areas where feral swine were geographically associated with high densities of transitional swine premises in south carolina and high densities of commercial swine production in north caroli ... | 2009 | 19617481 |
| brucella microti: the genome sequence of an emerging pathogen. | using a combination of pyrosequencing and conventional sanger sequencing, the complete genome sequence of the recently described novel brucella species, brucella microti, was determined. b. microti is a member of the genus brucella within the alphaproteobacteria, which consists of medically important highly pathogenic facultative intracellular bacteria. in contrast to all other brucella species, b. microti is a fast growing and biochemically very active microorganism with a phenotype more simila ... | 2009 | 19653890 |
| brucella inopinata sp. nov., isolated from a breast implant infection. | a gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming coccoid bacterium (strain bo1(t)) was isolated recently from a breast implant infection of a 71-year-old female patient with clinical signs of brucellosis. affiliation of strain bo1(t) to the genus brucella was confirmed by means of polyamine pattern, polar lipid profile, fatty acid profile, quinone system, dna-dna hybridization studies and by insertion sequence 711 (is711)-specific pcr. strain bo1(t) harboured four to five copies of the brucella-sp ... | 2010 | 19661515 |
| wild boars as sources for infectious diseases in livestock and humans. | wild boars (sus scrofa) are indigenous in many countries in the world. these free-living swine are known reservoirs for a number of viruses, bacteria and parasites that are transmissible to domestic animals and humans. changes of human habitation to suburban areas, increased use of lands for agricultural purposes, increased hunting activities and consumption of wild boar meat have increased the chances of exposure of wild boars to domestic animals and humans. wild boars can act as reservoirs for ... | 2009 | 19687039 |
| evaluation of automated and manual commercial dna extraction methods for recovery of brucella dna from suspensions and spiked swabs. | this study evaluated automated and manual commercial dna extraction methods for their ability to recover dna from brucella species in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) suspension and from spiked swab specimens. six extraction methods, representing several of the methodologies which are commercially available for dna extraction, as well as representing various throughput capacities, were evaluated: the magna pure compact and the magna pure lc instruments, the it 1-2-3 dna sample purification kit, t ... | 2009 | 19846627 |
| observations on the infection of chick embryos with bacterium tularense, brucella, and pasteurella pestis. | 1. comparison of the infections of chick embryos by the chorio-allantoic route indicates that bacterium tularense and brucella suis, abortus, and melitensis exhibit varying degrees of facultative intracellular parasitism. pasteurella pestis is adapted to rapid proliferation and spread in the intercellular fluids. 2. in the early stages of infection bacterium tularense has a marked affinity for growth within ectodermal epithelial cells. brucella suis and brucella abortus differ in their selectivi ... | 1941 | 19871129 |
| epidemiologic survey for brucella suis biovar 2 in a wild boar (sus scrofa) population in northwest italy. | in 2001, antibodies to brucella spp. were detected in the wild boar (sus scrofa) population of regional park in the piedmont, northwest italy. this was the first report of swine brucellosis in italian wildlife, and in response, we conducted a survey on wild boars culled in the park to evaluate the presence and epidemiologic pattern of brucella. in total, 2,267 serum samples and 1,841 tissue samples were collected and tested from 2001 to 2007. differences in antibody and infection prevalence amon ... | 2009 | 19901393 |
| comparative performance of snp typing and 'bruce-ladder' in the discrimination of brucella suis and brucella canis. | two novel molecular assays, 'bruce-ladder' and snp typing, have recently been described designed to differentiate isolates of the genus brucella, causative organisms of the significant zoonotic disease brucellosis, at the species level. differentiation of brucella canis from brucella suis by molecular approaches can be difficult and here we compare the performance of 'bruce-ladder' and snp typing in correctly identifying b. canis isolates. both assays proved easy to perform but while 'bruce-ladd ... | 2010 | 19931322 |
| chemotactic properties of brucella suis: a study of phagocytosis of brucella in vitro by normal, nonimmune human leukocytes. | | 1945 | 19970808 |
| feral pig hunting: a risk factor for human brucellosis in north-west nsw? | a multi-agency investigation followed the notification of four locally acquired human brucellosis cases in north-west nsw. feral pig hunting within a geographically discrete region was identified as the likely exposure with brucella suis the suspected cause. to test whether feral pigs in the region were infected with brucella, serological testing was performed on trapped feral pigs and testicular abscesses from condemned carcasses bound for export were cultured. although no brucella species were ... | 2009 | 20132743 |
| cloning, characterization, and inhibition studies of a beta-carbonic anhydrase from brucella suis. | a beta-carbonic anhydrase (ca, ec 4.2.1.1) from the bacterial pathogen brucella suis, bsca 1, has been cloned, purified, and characterized kinetically. bsca 1 has appreciable activity as catalyst for the hydration of co(2) to bicarbonate, with a k(cat) of 6.4 x 10(5) s(-1) and k(cat)/k(m) of 3.9 x 10(7) m(-1).s(-1). a panel of 38 sulfonamides and one sulfamate have been investigated for inhibition of this new beta-ca. all types of activities have been detected, with k(i)s in the range of 17 nm t ... | 2010 | 20158185 |
| atp-binding cassette systems of brucella. | brucellosis is a prevalent zoonotic disease and is endemic in the middle east, south america, and other areas of the world. in this study, complete inventories of putative functional abc systems of five brucella species have been compiled and compared. abc systems of brucella melitensis 16m, brucella abortus 9-941, brucella canis rm6/66, brucella suis 1330, and brucella ovis 63/290 were identified and aligned. high numbers of abc systems, particularly nutrient importers, were found in all brucel ... | 2010 | 20169092 |
| spatial distribution and risk factors of brucellosis in iberian wild ungulates. | the role of wildlife as a brucellosis reservoir for humans and domestic livestock remains to be properly established. the aim of this work was to determine the aetiology, apparent prevalence, spatial distribution and risk factors for brucellosis transmission in several iberian wild ungulates. | 2010 | 20205703 |
| inhibition studies of a beta-carbonic anhydrase from brucella suis with a series of water soluble glycosyl sulfanilamides. | a beta-carbonic anhydrase (ca, ec 4.2.1.1) from the bacterial pathogen brucella suis, bsca 1, has been cloned, purified characterized kinetically and for inhibition with a series of water soluble glycosylated sulfanilamides. bsca 1 has appreciable activity as catalyst for the hydration of co(2) to bicarbonate, with a k(cat) of 6.4x10(5) s(-1) and k(cat)/k(m) of 3.9x10(7) m(-1) s(-1). all types of inhibitory activities have been detected, with k(i)s in the range of 8.9-110 nm. the best bsca 1 inh ... | 2010 | 20211561 |
| a rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) model of aerosol-exposure brucellosis (brucella suis): pathology and diagnostic implications. | the us centers for disease control and prevention lists brucella as a potential bioterrorism threat requiring enhanced diagnostic capacity and surveillance (http://emergency.cdc.gov/bioterrorism/). successful treatment and management of patients after exposure to biological threat agents depends on accurate and timely diagnosis, but many biothreat agents present with similar, vague clinical signs--commonly referred to as 'flu-like illness'. diagnosis of brucellosis is notoriously challenging, es ... | 2010 | 20223898 |
| studies on brucellosis in swine; clinical and histologic features of intracutaneous reactions to fractions of brucella suis. | | 1947 | 20251177 |