| reversible inhibition of the induction of dna polymerase of herpes simplex virus type 2 in hela cells. | the induction of dna polymerase of herpes simplex virus type 2 in hela cells was inhibited by 2-mercapto-1-(beta-4-pyridethyl)benzimidazole added at an early time after infection. however, the inhibitory effect was easily released by removal of the inhibitor. since the drug disorganizes nucleolar structure and prevents its function in hela cells in a reversible manner, it is possible that nucleoli are involved in the induction of dna polymerase of this virus. | 1978 | 216336 |
| herpes simplex virus infection as a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexuals. | to determine if infection with herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 infection among patients attending sexually transmitted diseases clinics, a case-control study was done on coded sera from 179 hiv-1-infected patients and 367 age-, race-, and gender-matched hiv-1-seronegative patients. although only 13 (2.3%) of 546 patients had a history of genital herpes treatment, 72% and 56.6%, respectively, had serologic evidence of prior infection ... | 1992 | 1309846 |
| molecular genetics of herpes simplex virus. ii. mapping of the major viral glycoproteins and of the genetic loci specifying the social behavior of infected cells. | we have mapped the location in herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna of (i) three mutations at different loci (syn loci) which alter the social behavior of infected cells from clumping of rounded cells to polykaryocytosis, (ii) a mutation which determines the accumulation of one major glycoprotein [vp8.0(c(2))], and (iii) the sequences encoding four major virus glycoproteins [vp8.0(c(2)), vp7(b(2)), vp8.5(a), and vp19e(d(2))]. the experimental design and results were as follows. (i) analysis of hsv-1 x ... | 1979 | 219254 |
| lack of in vitro antiviral activity of fluoroquinolones against herpes simplex virus type 2. | the antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) of five fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, rufloxacin) was tested in vitro. their efficacy was evaluated as reduction of the cytopathic effect (cper) exerted by hsv-2 on vero cells in comparison with novobiocin and acycloguanosine. our results show a very poor antiviral effect of five quinolones (cper50 = 200 mg/l) that was comparable with their cytotoxicity (tcic50 less than 200 mg/l). novobioc ... | 1992 | 1309992 |
| herpes simplex virus isolation from pyoderma gangrenosum lesions in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia. | herpes simplex virus type 2 was isolated and identified from the vesicular border of pyoderma gangrenosum lesions on the genital region of a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia. dramatic relief of pain as well as quick disappearance of the vesicular margin of the lesions and of the inflammatory halo around them occurred as a result of local treatment with a solution of zinc acetate. a careful search for a viral agent should be done in every case of pyoderma gangrenosum occurring in a patient ... | 1979 | 220109 |
| haemorrhage in neonatal hepatic necrosis due to herpes infection. | a case of early neonatal severe bleeding and persistent hypoglycemia with a fatal outcome is reported. the autopsy examination revealed the features of neonatal hepatic necrosis. further study by the electron microscopy indicated the presence of herpes type particles in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the remaining liver cells. serological study of the maternal blood, post partum, revelaed positive reaction to herpes simplex virus type 2 at low titer. it is believed that intrauterine herpes infecti ... | 1979 | 515805 |
| severe thrombocytopenia after generalized herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) infection. | our patient, we believe, experienced a primary hsv-2 infection manifested by fever, malaise, and orogenital mucocutaneous lesions. with resolution of systemic manifestations, and at a time of theorized rise in hsv-2 antibody levels, he had thrombocytopenic purpura which persisted for several weeks. an immune disorder secondary to hsv-2 infection similar to that of postrubella infection is postulated. if this theory is correct, severe immune thrombocytopenic purpura is yet one more of the many ob ... | 1978 | 566472 |
| analysis of intrastrain recombination in herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17 and herpes simplex virus type 2 strain hg52 using restriction endonuclease sites as unselected markers and temperature-sensitive lesions as selected markers. | the viral and host factors involved in herpes simplex virus (hsv) recombination are little understood. to identify features of the process, recombination in hsv-1 and hsv-2 has been studied by analysing the segregation of unselected markers in the form of restriction endonuclease (re) sites. by confining parental interactions to only one strain of virus of each serotype, restrictions imposed by non-homology are overcome and differential growth phenotypes can be discounted. the analysis of unsele ... | 1992 | 1311358 |
| the ul13 virion protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 is phosphorylated by a novel virus-induced protein kinase. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) induces a protein kinase (pk) activity in infected cell nuclei. in vitro, the enzyme is able to phosphorylate exogenous casein (albeit inefficiently) but not protamine, can use atp or gtp as a phosphate donor, is stimulated by high salt concentrations and is insensitive to inhibition by heparin. on the basis of these properties, the pk appears to be distinct from previously described cellular enzymes and from the cytoplasmic pk encoded by the viral us3 gene. a ... | 1992 | 1311359 |
| the effect of cicloxolone sodium on the replication in cultured cells of adenovirus type 5, reovirus type 3, poliovirus type 1, two bunyaviruses and semliki forest virus. | the effect of cicloxolone sodium (ccx) on the replication of typical representatives of different virus families [adenovirus type 5 (ad-5), reovirus type 3 (reo-3), bunyamwera and germiston viruses, poliovirus type 1 (polio-1) and semliki forest virus (sfv)] in tissue culture was investigated. the golgi apparatus inhibitor monensin (mon) and ccx were shown to have analogous effects on some aspects of virus replication. although the mon-like effect of ccx played no role in the antiviral activity ... | 1992 | 1311362 |
| antiviral activity of extracts from marine algae. | extracts of two species of marine algae, constantinea simplex and farlowia mollis, were tested for antiviral activity in tissue culture and in experimental infections of mice. treatment of confluent mouse embryo fibroblast cell monolayers with either compound before viral inoculation was effective in inhibiting the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, vaccinia virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus, but not encephalomyocarditis virus, semliki forest virus, or murine cytomegalovi ... | 1978 | 686707 |
| mumps virus infects beta cells in human fetal islet cell cultures upregulating the expression of hla class i molecules. | the ability of mumps virus to infect pancreatic beta cells and cause alterations in their hla expression was evaluated in cultured human fetal islet cell clusters. mumps virus could be isolated during the whole culture period (6-8 days) and 60% of cells, including beta cells, contained viral nucleocapsid protein at the end of the culturing. a minor decrease in insulin secretion was observed in some of the infected cultures. the infection was invariably associated with an increase in the expressi ... | 1992 | 1311693 |
| presence of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna in hamster cells oncogenically transformed by ultraviolet-inactivated virus. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna has been detected by molecular hybridization in hamster fibroblast cells oncogenically transformed by ultraviolet-irradiated virus. at early passages after cloning in soft agar, about 40% of the hsv-2 genome was present in all the transformed cell lines at one to six copies per cell. in cell lines derived from tumors induced by these cells, the same percentage of the hsv-2 genome was also found with more uniform number of copies (between two and three). th ... | 1979 | 224988 |
| lymphocyte transformation for the detection of herpesvirus-induced tumor-associated antigens. | cell-mediated immunity to fibroblasts transformed by herpes simplex virus type 2 was investigated with a lymphocyte assay system. the assay system was first standardized with phytohemagglutinin, a nonspecific stimulator of blastogenesis. hamster splenic and blood lymphocytes reacted to phytohemagglutinin with a dose-response curve similar to that reported for other rodent species. splenic lymphocytes from hamsters bearing isografts, induced by herpes simplex virus type 2, were transformed by cel ... | 1979 | 225013 |
| efficacy of oral administration of live herpes simplex virus type 1 as a vaccine. | mice given herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) (miyama +gc strain) intragastrically via a stainless-steel cannula were rendered immune to subsequent lethal intraperitoneal (i.p.) challenge with hsv-1. the orally administered hsv-1 was completely inactivated in the stomach within a few minutes of inoculation. however, systemic immunity was established 14 days after oral inoculation with the virus and retained for up to 6 months. the mechanisms of establishing systemic immunity were investigated b ... | 1992 | 1312638 |
| persistent cerebrospinal fluid neutrophilia in delayed-onset neonatal encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. | we describe an infant with three unusual features of perinatally acquired herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis: onset of illness at 34 days of age, absolute cerebrospinal fluid neutrophilia, and systemic viral dissemination after central nervous system disease. to provide early, effective antiviral therapy, clinicians should be aware of atypical presentations of serious herpes simplex virus infections. | 1992 | 1313097 |
| indirect elisa for the detection of hsv-2 specific igg and igm antibodies with glycoprotein g (gg-2). | the glycoprotein g (gg-2) purified from hsv-2 infected cells has been reported to be useful for determination of hsv-2 type-specific antibodies using conventional elisa formats. this study further confirmed the specificity of gg-2 and demonstrated the feasibility of a specific igm assay. the gg-2 elisa was developed to detect hsv-2 specific igg and igm antibodies in human sera with high levels of sensitivity and specificity. of 45 patients with culture-proven recurrent hsv-2 genital infection 44 ... | 1992 | 1313824 |
| vaginal infection of mice with hsv type 2 variant er-: a new animal model for human primary genital hsv type 2 infections. | studying the pathogenesis of vaginal infections in mice with two variants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strain er we observed that both variants er+ and er- caused severe vaginitis but only er+ invaded the cns leading to lethal neurological disease. in contrast, mice infected with er- cleared the virus from the vagina and recovered from infection. er+ and er- expressed equal levels of thymidine kinase (tk) indicating a tk-independent difference in neurovirulence. using the non-neuroviru ... | 1992 | 1313825 |
| monoclonal antibodies for the identification of herpesvirus simiae (b virus). | to differentiate between b virus and hsv isolates from monkeys and man monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced to herpesvirus simiae (b virus) and herpes simplex type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2). mabs were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (ifat) for reactivity against herpesviruses from asiatic monkeys (b virus), african monkeys (sa 8 virus), and man (hsv-1, hsv-2, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, and epstein-barr virus). mabs could be divided into groups a-e displaying specific re ... | 1992 | 1314049 |
| neoplastic transformation of cultured syrian hamster embryo cells by dna of herpes simplex virus type 2. | syrian hamster embryo cells were transformed to a neoplastic phenotype after exposure to herpes simplex virus type 2 (s-1) dna at concentrations (less than or equal to 0.01 microgram per 60-mm dish) at which infectivity was no longer demonstrable. transformed cells manifested in vitro phenotypic properties characteristic of the neoplastic state, expressed herpes simplex virus-specific antigens, and induced invasive tumors in vivo. transfection and transformation of syrian hamster embryo cells wi ... | 1979 | 225525 |
| highly sensitive enhanced chemiluminescence immunodetection method for herpes simplex virus type 2 western immunoblot. | three western blot (immunoblot) methods for detecting antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 were compared: (i) nitrocellulose blots with 4-chloro-1-naphthol immunostaining (4cn-wb); (ii) polyvinylidene difluoride (pvdf) blots with 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidene immunostaining (tmb-wb); and (iii) pvdf blots with enhanced chemiluminescence (ecl-wb). tmb-wb was 10-fold more sensitive than 4cn-wb, while ecl-wb was as much as 500-fold more sensitive. | 1992 | 1315326 |
| physical mapping of paar mutations of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 by intertypic marker rescue. | mutations (paar) in herpes simplex virus (hsv) which confer resistance to phosphonoacetic acid involve genes associated with virus-induced dna polymerase activity. two mutants of hsv (hsv-1 tsh and hsv-2 ts6) produce a thermolabile dna polymerase activity. in this study, the ts lesions present in these mutants and those present in two independent phosphonoacetic acid-resistant mutants of hsv-1 and hsv-2 (paar-1 and paar-2) have been physically mapped by restriction endonuclease analysis of recom ... | 1979 | 225553 |
| herpes simplex type 2 encephalitis concurrent with known cerebral metastases. | a 62-year-old woman developed neurologic deficits 7 months after pulmonary lobectomy for alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung. ct scan of the head demonstrated two metastases with marked peritumoral edema. administration of decadron, chemotherapy and 3,000 rad cranial radiation resulted in dramatic improvement of dysphasia and right hand paresis. almost 2 months later, rhythmic, involuntary movements of the left hand developed. there was progression to multifocal seizures, grand mal seizures, pos ... | 1979 | 225922 |
| production of tubular structures in vero cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2; effects of ultraviolet light irradiation and antimetabolites. | in order to investigate the nature of tubular structures specifically found in herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-infected cells, the multiplication of hsv-2 was studied in vero cells cultured in the presence of varying concentrations of cytosine arabinoside (ara-c) and cycloheximide (ch), inhibitors of dna synthesis and protein synthesis respectively. ara-c, at a concentration of 60 micrograms/ml, inhibited the multiplication of hsv-2 by more than 99% and also prevented the appearance of tubul ... | 1979 | 228001 |
| underdiagnosis of genital herpes by current clinical and viral-isolation procedures. | the current clinical strategy for diagnosing genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in women relies on clinical findings plus the selective use of viral culture. the effectiveness of this approach for identifying women with genital herpes is unknown. | 1992 | 1315930 |
| comparison of the western immunoblot assay and a glycoprotein g enzyme immunoassay for detection of serum antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 in patients with aids. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) seroprevalence in 68 patients with aids was 77% by western blot (immunoblot) and 44% by glycoprotein g-2 immunoassay. each of 16 patients with culture-proven hsv-2 infection was positive by western blot versus 8 by glycoprotein g-2 immunoassay. no differences in age, race, duration of aids, acyclovir usage, or hsv-1 seroprevalence were found to explain differences in sensitivity. | 1992 | 1316370 |
| dnase induced after infection of kb cells by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2. ii. characterization of an associated endonuclease activity. | purified preparations of the "exonuclease" specified by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) possess an endonuclease activity. the exonuclease and endonuclease activities copurify and cosediment in a sucrose density gradient. endonuclease activity is only observed in the presence of a divalent cation, and mg(2+) or mn(2+) is equally effective as a cofactor with an optimal concentration of 2 mm. a slight amount of endonuclease activity is observed in the presence of ca(2+), wher ... | 1979 | 228069 |
| growth inhibition by acycloguanosine of herpesviruses isolated from human infections. | inhibition by acycloguanosine (acg) of plaque formation by harpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus was studied. seventeen clinical isolates of hsv-1 were inhibited by acg at a mean 50% inhibitory dose (id(50)) of 0.15 +/- 0.09 mum. the mean id(50) for 10 isolates of hsv-2 was 1.62 +/- 0.76 mum, and for four isolates of varicella-zoster virus it was 3.75 +/- 1.30 mum. the id(50)'s for two cytomegalovirus isolates were 100 and 160 mum, and ... | 1979 | 230783 |
| anterograde transport of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in the visual system. | the anterograde spread of herpesvirus in the visual system subsequent to retinitis has been observed clinically. we compared the ability of two well-studied herpes simplex virus (hsv) strains to be transported in the anterograde direction in the hamster visual system: strain mcintyre, representing hsv-1, and strain 186, representing hsv-2. intravitreal injection of hsv-2 labeled more retinorecipient neurons than did hsv-1, suggesting important type differences in the ability of hsv to infect ret ... | 1992 | 1317240 |
| recurrent herpetic whitlow due to herpes simplex virus type 2. | herpes simplex virus type 2 was demonstrated to be the cause of a recurrent painful and disabling digital infection in a young man. it is possible that this was originally venereally transmitted. with increasing incidence of genital herpes infections, digital herpetic infections may become more common in the nonmedically employed community. | 1978 | 686934 |
| effects of in vivo depletion of immunocyte populations on herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d vaccine-induced resistance to hsv2 challenge. | balb/c mice, preimmunized with a protective dose of native herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein d (ngd1) vaccine, were depleted of selected immunocyte populations in vivo using monoclonal antibodies directed at thy1+, l3t4+, or lyt2+ cells. following immunization and depletion, animals were inoculated with varied challenge levels of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2) in the footpad and were monitored for disease. both depleted undepleted gd-immunized mice were significantly protected when co ... | 1992 | 1319710 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus type-2 dna and human papilloma virus dna sequences in cervical carcinoma tissue by molecular hybridization. | biopsy samples from one hundred and two patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and tissues from twelve healthy normal cervical tissues (post hysterectomy) were examined for hsv-type 2 and hpv-11 dna sequences by molecular hybridization technique. in the carcinoma tissue extracts 53% contained hsv-2 dna, 27% -hsv-1-dna and 36% showed hpv-11 gene sequences while 5.7% were found to contain both hpv and hsv-2 dna. biopsies from healthy cervix were completely negative for hsv-2 a ... | 1992 | 1320668 |
| immediate early and functional ap-1 cis-response elements are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 ribonucleotide reductase (icp10). | expression from the promoter of the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (icp10) is stimulated by co-transfection with dna that encodes the virion protein vmw65 previously shown to activate in trans the transcription of all ie genes (wymer et al., 1989). specific cis response elements involved in icp10 transcriptional regulation were studied by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase analysis with hybrid icp10 promoter/cat structural gene constructions containi ... | 1992 | 1320796 |
| host-cell response to herpes virus infection in central and peripheral nervous tissue in vitro. | in an organotypic nerve cell culture system, all cells in both the central and the peripheral nervous system (cns, pns) components supported replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv 1, hsv 2). in hsv 1 infection, cellular response was particularly characterized by the formation of small syncytia (which involved neurons) and by the presence of bundles of interwoven fine filaments within the nuclei of infected cells. in hsv 2 infection, groups of parallel tubules characteristically f ... | 1979 | 231090 |
| identification and characterization of a 30k glycoprotein of herpes simplex virus type 2. | a herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) type-specific monoclonal antibody (mab), ch-a9, precipitated a glycoprotein with an m(r) of approximately 30,000 (g30k) from extracts of hsv-2-infected bhk cells labelled with [3h]leucine, [14c]fructose or [3h]glucosamine. the m(r) of this glycoprotein is lower than those of other hsv glycoproteins. immunoassays of bhk cells infected with hsv-1-hsv-2 intertypic recombinants localized the gene encoding the target antigen of mab ch-a9 to the unique long (ul) r ... | 1992 | 1321210 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection, syphilis, and hepatitis b virus infection in haitian women with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human t lymphotropic virus type i infections. the johns hopkins university (jhu)/centre pour le developpement et la santé (cds) hiv study group. | antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), antibodies to hepatitis b virus (hbv) core antigen (anti-hbc), and vdrl antibodies (serologic evidence of syphilis) were evaluated in women known to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) (n = 95) or human t lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) (n = 45) and controls (n = 89). hiv-1-seropositive women were more likely than controls to have antibodies to hsv-2 (88% vs. 54%; p less than .001), anti-hbc (67% vs. 43%; p = .008), a ... | 1992 | 1321862 |
| characterization of primary human fibroblasts transformed by human papilloma virus type 16 and herpes simplex virus type 2 dna sequences. | human papilloma virus type 16 (hpv-16) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) are human viruses implicated in the development of cancer, in particular cervical cancer. the ability of hsv-2 and hpv-16 to transform early passage human cells was examined in this report. for these studies, gingival fibroblasts were utilized. one gingival cell strain was derived from a normal individual (n-16). the second cell strain was derived from hyperplastic gingival tissue of an epileptic individual (r-30) tre ... | 1992 | 1321874 |
| blocking of acid-fixed nuclear binding of epstein-barr virus nuclear antigen (ebna) by different dna species. | treatment of epstein-barr virus-determined nuclear antigen (ebna) with dna resulted in blocking of its ability to convert acid-fixed ebna-negative cell nuclei to an ebna-positive form. epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna and dna isolated from three lymphoblastoid cell lines differed in their potency to block this reaction. ebv dna was found to be about three times more effective than cellular dnas in abolishing the ability of dna-cellulose-purified ebna to conve ... | 1979 | 231093 |
| yucca leaf protein (ylp) stops the protein synthesis in hsv-infected cells and inhibits virus replication. | yucca leaf protein (ylp), an inhibitor of tobacco mosaic virus isolated from the leaves of yucca recurvifolia salisb., exhibited potent activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) with no cytotoxicity below 300 micrograms/ml. the inhibitory dose was varied with the time of addition; 50% effective concentrations (ed50) of ylp were 3, 19 and 95 micrograms/ml when ylp exposure was begun 3 h before virus infection, 0 h and 3 h after infection, respectively. this protein also inhibited the m ... | 1992 | 1322646 |
| phosphorylation of a ribosomal protein and of virus-specific proteins in cells infected with herpes simplex virus. | in cells infected with herpes simplex virus a protein associated with the small subunit of ribosomes became phosphorylated. it was not detectably labelled with 14c-amino acids added after infection and is therefore probably a cellular protein. the phosphorylated ribosomal proteins from hsv-1- and hsv-2-infected cells were indistinguishable electrophoretically and had an apparent mol. wt. of about 48 000. phosphorylation of the 48k protein was detected 2 to 3 h after infection and reached a maxim ... | 1979 | 232130 |
| a novel herpes simplex virus gene (ul49a) encodes a putative membrane protein with counterparts in other herpesviruses. | comparative analysis of dna sequences located between the coding regions of genes ul49 and ul50 of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) has revealed a small open reading frame (orf) of 91 and 87 codons respectively with the characteristics of a genuine protein-coding region. the predicted protein products are clearly related and exhibit features of membrane-inserted proteins, with potential n-proximal signal peptides and c-proximal membrane anchor regions. counterparts are present i ... | 1992 | 1322965 |
| virus-specific dna sequences present in cells which carry the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene. | two independently derived cell lines which carry the herpes simplex type 2 thymidine kinase gene have been examined for the presence of hsv-2-specific dna sequences. both cell lines contained 1 to 3 copies per cell of a sequence lying within map co-ordinates 0.2 to 0.4 of the hsv-2 genome. revertant cells, which contained no detectable thymidine kinase, did not contain this dna sequence. the failure of ecor1-restricted hsv-2 dna to act as a donor of the thymidine kinase gene in transformation ex ... | 1979 | 232133 |
| antibody-mediated recovery from subcutaneous herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | young adult mice infected with 3 x 10(6) plaque-forming units of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) died within 9 to 12 days after spread of the virus from the sites of infection to the spinal cord and brain. administration of hsv-2-neutralizing antisera prepared in syngenic mice or in rabbits inhibited spread of the virus from the footpad of infected animals and prevented death. a single intraperitoneal inoculum of antiserum (virus-neutralizing titer of 1:128) was effective in protecting mice ... | 1978 | 689732 |
| side-chain derivatives of biologically active nucleosides. 1. side-chain analogs of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (azt). | starting from 3-o-mesyl-1,2-o-isopropylidene-alpha-d-allofuranose (9) the anomeric mixtures of the requisite carbohydrates 1,2-di-o-acetyl-6-o-benzoyl-5-deoxy-3-o-mesyl-d-allofuranoses++ + 17a alpha/beta, 1,2-di-o-acetyl-5,6-di-o-benzoyl-3-o-mesyl-d-allofuranoses 17b alpha/beta, and 1,2-di-o-acetyl-5,6-di-o-benzoyl-3-o-mesyl-l-talofuranoses 17c alpha/beta were synthesized. 1,2-di-o-acetyl-5-o-benzoyl-6-deoxy-3-o-mesyl-d-allofuranoses++ + 17d alpha/beta and the corresponding l-talofuranoses 17e a ... | 1992 | 1323681 |
| a preliminary report on investigation of oncogenic potential of herpes simplex virus type 2 in cebus monkeys. | a total of 301 female and 133 male cebus monkeys have been placed under study during a 3-year period. females are inoculated intradermally into the cervix every 6 months; 225 receive virus and 76 receive control material. more than 50% of the animals were infected on primary inoculation, and a similar percentage was foundon the 1st reinoculation. males are housed with females at 1:1 to 1:3 ratios. eighteen % of the males exposed to virus-inoculated females have become infected. to date, a total ... | 1976 | 814995 |
| isolation of a cell line for rapid and sensitive histochemical assay for the detection of herpes simplex virus. | a cell line which can be used in a simple, sensitive, and rapid histochemical assay was isolated for detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv). the cell line was derived by selection of g418 resistant colonies following co-transfection of baby hamster kidney cells with a plasmid which contains a g418 antibiotic resistance marker and a plasmid which contains the escherichia coli lacz gene placed behind an inducible hsv promoter. the promoter is from hsv-1ul39 which encodes icp6, the large subunit o ... | 1992 | 1325470 |
| [the isolation and characteristics of monoclonal antibodies to different proteins of the herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2]. | the authors prepared 156 mouse hybridomas producing monoclonal (mca) antibodies to type- and group-specific antigenic determinants of hsv-1 and hsv-2. seven of them were studied at length by western blot and radioimmunoprecipitation methods. the cell lines 1h97 and 2h141 were shown to produce immunoglobulins of g2 beta and m class, respectively, and were directed against group-specific antigenic determinants of the major nucleocapsid protein p150. the cell lines 1h38 and 1h110 produced immunoglo ... | 1992 | 1281945 |
| neonatal herpes simplex: royal women's hospital 10-year experience with management guidelines for herpes in pregnancy. | in the 10-year period 1982-1991 inclusive, 6 cases of neonatal herpes simplex were diagnosed at the royal women's hospital, melbourne (1 disseminated, 1 pneumonitis, 4 cutaneous [1 with central nervous system involvement]), resulting in an incidence of 1 in 11,000 livebirths for this population. three cases were due to hsv 1 and 3 to hsv 2. in no case did the mother have a recent or past history of overt genital herpes infection. two cases were acquired in utero, an uncommonly recognized form of ... | 1992 | 1290430 |
| herpes simplex virus infection can occur without involvement of the fibroblast growth factor receptor. | basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) has been reported to block uptake of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and plaque formation on arterial smooth muscle cells, suggesting a role for the bfgf receptor in hsv entry (r. j. kaner, a. baird, a. mansukhani, c. basilico, b. d. summers, r. z. florkiewicz, and d. p. hajjar, science 248:1410-1413, 1990). we confirmed the effect of bfgf on infection of this cell type with hsv-1 and hsv-2 and found the same result with umbilical vein endothelial cells. ... | 1992 | 1309916 |
| comparative activity of various compounds against clinical strains of herpes simplex virus. | the following compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against clinical strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) in both primary rabbit kidney (prk) and hela cell cultures: (s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine (hpmpa), 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (pmea), (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc), (rs)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)-2,6-diaminopurine (hpmpdap), 5-(5-bromothien-2-yl)-2'-deoxyuridine (btdu), 5-( ... | 1992 | 1327785 |
| mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 with temperature-sensitive lesions affecting virion thermostability and dnase activity: identification of the lethal mutation and physical mapping of the nuc-lesion. | we had previously shown that a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain hg52, ts13, induced a heat-labile dnase activity in infected cells (b. francke, h. moss, m. c. timbury, and j. hay, j. virol. 26:209-213, 1978). earlier work indicated that the mutant also possessed temperature-sensitive infectivity (i. w. halliburton and m. c. timbury, j. gen. virol. 30:207-221, 1976). in this study temperature-stable revertants of ts13 have been isolated; examination of them ... | 1979 | 232166 |
| asymptomatic reactivation of herpes simplex virus in women after the first episode of genital herpes. | to determine frequency, anatomic site, and host factors associated with asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus after initial episodes of genital herpes. | 1992 | 1310837 |
| identification and characterization of the virion-induced host shutoff product of herpes simplex virus gene ul41. | the virion-induced host shutoff product of the herpes simplex virus ul41 gene is required for shutoff of host translation and degradation of cellular mrnas. we employed a rabbit antipeptide antiserum to identify a 58k ul41-related phosphoprotein in infected cells. we also provide evidence that this protein is a component of the virus particle, consistent with its role in virion-induced shutoff. | 1992 | 1311370 |
| comparison of immunocytology to tissue culture for diagnosis of presumed herpesvirus dendritic epithelial keratitis. | the objective of this study is to prospectively compare the sensitivity and specificity of immunodetection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in impression cytology specimens obtained directly from presumed herpesvirus dendritic epithelial keratitis with virus isolation by tissue culture of cells scraped from the same lesion. | 1992 | 1328982 |
| mucosal delivery of herpes simplex virus vaccine. | the mucosal route for the production of mucosal and systemic herpes simplex virus (hsv) antibodies was investigated using hsv1 subunit vaccine administered to guinea pigs. groups of test animals (n = 13) were dosed, nasally or vaginally and compared with those injected subcutaneously (s.c.). the vaccines, in aqueous or gel form, were administered 5 and 3 weeks prior to vaginal challenge with hsv2 suspension. control infected and non-infected animals were included for comparison. animals which we ... | 1992 | 1329168 |
| identification of women at unsuspected risk of primary infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 during pregnancy. | primary infections with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) acquired by women during pregnancy account for about half of the morbidity and mortality from hsv-2 among neonates. the other half results from reactivation of old infections. better methods are needed to identify which women are at risk for primary hsv-2 infection. | 1992 | 1311799 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcription unit promotes anatomical site-dependent establishment and reactivation from latency. | defined herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) mutants kos/1 and kos/62 (positive and negative, respectively, for latency-associated transcripts [lats]) express the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) gene during latency. these mutants were employed to assess the functions of the latency-associated transcription unit on establishment and maintenance of and reactivation from the latent state. it was found that in the trigeminal ganglia, the frequencies of hyperthermia-induced reactivation ... | 1992 | 1312626 |
| in vitro activities of penciclovir and acyclovir against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | penciclovir (pcv) and acyclovir are acyclic guanine analogs which inhibit herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna polymerase. their 50% infective doses were 0.5 to 0.8 microgram/ml for clinical isolates of hsv-1 and 1.3 to 2.2 micrograms/ml for hsv-2. furthermore, hsv-infected cultures receiving 2-h pulses of pcv had 2- to 50-fold less hsv than acyclovir-treated cultures, consistent with the prolonged intracellular half-life of pcv triphosphate. | 1992 | 1329640 |
| hemorrhagic cystitis with herpes simplex virus type 2 in the bladder mucosa. | a 67-year-old woman who had underlying rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus had an 8-year history of recurrent hemorrhagic cystitis. during her most recent episode of cystitis, a specimen of urine yielded herpes simplex virus type 2 in culture. a biopsy of the bladder mucosa revealed intranuclear inclusions in multinucleated and mononuclear giant cells that were positive for herpes simplex virus type 2 by immunoperoxidase staining. she had no evidence of infection with herpes simplex virus ... | 1992 | 1314103 |
| [presence of human herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) in women attending a clinic for cervico-uterine cancer control]. | for this prospective study, 284 women were recruited who attended a cancer detection (papanicolaou testing) program and appeared to be healthy. the objective was to obtain cervicovaginal samples from this group and culture them on human foreskin fibroblasts to isolate and identify herpes simplex virus by immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies. a total of 12 women (4.2%) were positive for the virus; upon comparison of various sociodemographic factors in positive and negative culture patien ... | 1992 | 1330836 |
| occurrence and characterization of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus isolates: report on a two-year sensitivity screening survey. | for the past 2 years, a survey network was established for the screening of acyclovir (acv)-resistant clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus (hsv). among 889 strains tested for in vitro acv sensitivity, 14 hsv-1 and 6 hsv-2 were resistant to acv concentrations exceeding 3 micrograms/ml. these resistant isolates were most often obtained after prolonged acv treatment of severely immunocompromised patients. for five patients, the emergence of acv-resistant virus correlated with treatment failure ... | 1992 | 1315366 |
| [detection of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv) igg and igm using elisa in transsexuals and homosexuals]. | in this study, the sera of 12 cases of transsexuals with vaginoplasty and 15 cases of homosexuals have been investigated with elisa from the view point of hsv-2 igg and igm. twenty-five cases were within the 18-26 age groups and the other 2 transsexuals were 36 years old. our study group has not significant clinical pathology. all of the 27 cases of transsexuals and homosexuals have been found positive for hsv-2 igg. in 7 cases hsv-2 igm have been found positive, the other 20 cases gave negative ... | 1992 | 1315413 |
| the transmembrane helical segment but not the invariant lysine is required for the kinase activity of the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 ribonucleotide reductase (icp10). | the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 ribonucleotide reductase (icp10) is a chimera consisting, at the amino terminus, of a ser/thr protein kinase (pk) with features of a signal peptide and a transmembrane (tm) helical segment, and at the carboxy-terminus, of the ribonucleotide reductase (chung et al., 1989, 1990). membrane immunofluorescence of icp10 transformed cells with antibodies to synthetic peptides located upstream or downstream of the tm indicates that icp10 is a membrane-spa ... | 1992 | 1315764 |
| localization of herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus dna in human ganglia. | human dorsal root ganglia from 14 randomly autopsied adults and 1 infant (all seropositive for both herpes simplex virus [hsv] and varicella zoster virus [vzv]) were examined for latent hsv-1 and vzv dna by polymerase chain reaction. thoracic ganglionic dna from all subjects and trigeminal ganglionic dna from 11 adults were analyzed. hsv-1 dna was detected in trigeminal ganglia from 8 of 11 (73%) adults and in thoracic ganglia from 2 of 14 (14%) adults. vzv dna was detected in trigeminal ganglia ... | 1992 | 1316733 |
| pre- and posttreatment serum antibody responses to hpv 16 e2 and hsv 2 icp8 proteins in women with cervical carcinoma. | serum antibodies to early proteins of human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv 16 e2 protein) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv 2 icp8) can be measured by elisa. in the serum of 122 newly diagnosed cervical carcinoma patients and age-matched controls, enhanced iga antibody levels to an hpv-16 e2 protein derived peptide no. 245 indicated a 9.5-fold (95% confidence limits 2.8-57.2) relative risk of cervical carcinoma. no significant risk was found with a corresponding hpv 6 e2 peptide or hsv 2 icp8. t ... | 1992 | 1331306 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of 1-cyclobutyl-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil nucleoside analogues and related compounds. | a series of racemic (1 alpha (e), 2 beta, 3 alpha)-1-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]-5-(2-halovinyl)uracils was synthesized and evaluated in cell culture. the bromovinyl, iodovinyl, and chlorovinyl analogues, 13, 15, and 16, respectively, are all potent inhibitors of varicella zoster virus (vzv), but are less inhibitory to the replication of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2). the excellent anti-vzv activities of 13, 15, and 16 coupled with their vi ... | 1992 | 1316966 |
| effects of dimethyl prostaglandin a1 on herpes simplex virus and human immunodeficiency virus replication. | we have investigated the direct effect of dimethyl prostaglandin a1 (dmpga1) on the replication of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). dmpga1 significantly inhibited viral replication in both hsv and hiv infection systems at concentrations of dmpga1 that did not adversely alter cellular dna synthesis. the 50% inhibitory concentration (id50) for several hsv type 1 (hsv-1) strains ranged from 3.8 to 5.6 micrograms/ml for vero cells and from 4.6 to 7.3 microg ... | 1992 | 1332592 |
| expression of the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 ribonucleotide reductase (icp10) is required for virus growth and neoplastic transformation. | the amino-terminal domain of the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) ribonucleotide reductase (icp10) has protein kinase (pk) activity and properties similar to those of growth factor receptor kinases which can be activated to transforming potential. dna sequences that encode the pk domain cause neoplastic transformation of immortalized cells. the studies described in this report used a spontaneous mutant (ts5-152) temperature-sensitive for the synthesis of icp10 and the previou ... | 1992 | 1318943 |
| factors influencing the interaction of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c with the third component of complement. | the factors influencing the interaction of herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein c (gc) with the third component of complement (c3) were investigated in this study. the ability of gc of hsv type 1 (gc-1) to bind to the c3b fragment of c3 was found to be influenced by cell specific processing of gc-1 in a different manner, binding being remarkably enhanced in some cell lines following removal of sialic acid residues. testing several intertypic recombinants of hsv we found that only strains expr ... | 1992 | 1333754 |
| capsaicin-sensitive peptidergic neurons are involved in the zosteriform spread of herpes simplex virus infection. | the intraneuronal transport of herpes simplex virus (hsv) is an essential component in disease pathogenesis. capsaicin, a neuropharmacologic agent lacking direct antiviral activity, has been shown to protect animals against hsv-induced disease. it has been hypothesized that capsaicin acts by interfering with the intraneuronal transport of virus. since animal models have been useful in studying the spread of virus, we used two guinea pig models of zosteriform herpes to examine the effect of capsa ... | 1992 | 1334128 |
| comparative evaluation of four commercially available monoclonal antibodies for culture confirmation of herpes simplex virus infection. | four fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled monoclonal antibody typing reagents were compared for intensity of fluorescence and sensitivity in confirming herpes simplex virus (hsv) in cell culture. a total of 125 (50 hsv type 1 [hsv-1] and 75 hsv-2) specimens positive for hsv were concurrently stained with type-specific monoclonal antibodies from bartels (bartels immunodiagnostic supplies, inc., bellevue, wash.), kallestad (pathfinder; kallestad diagnostics, chaska, minn.), diagnostic products corp ... | 1992 | 1321170 |
| peripheral replication and latency reactivation kinetics of the non-neurovirulent herpes simplex virus type 1 variant 1716. | the terminal portion of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) genome long repeat region has been shown to contain a neurovirulence gene. both hsv-1 and hsv-2 mutants deleted in this gene fail to cause central nervous system (cns) disease in mice. the hsv-1 strain 17 variant 1716, which has a 759 bp deletion encompassing the gene, grows normally in tissue culture but fails to grow following intracerebral inoculation of mice. this paper demonstrates that 1716 is capable of peripheral replication in the f ... | 1992 | 1321881 |
| herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) type-specific antibody correlates of protection in infants exposed to hsv-2 at birth. | western blot analysis was used to compare the herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 antibody profiles of 40 infants less than 2 wk of age who had been exposed to maternal genital hsv-2 at birth. 4 mothers were hsv seronegative at delivery and seroconverted to hsv-2 ("primary infection"), 9 had hsv-1 antibodies and seroconverted to hsv-2 ("nonprimary first episode infection"), and 27 were hsv-2 seropositive ("recurrent infection"). neonatal herpes infections developed in 1 of 4 infants of women with prima ... | 1992 | 1322941 |
| cytologic evidence of the association of different infective lesions with dysplastic changes in the uterine cervix. | cervical smears from 4055 women were examined and classified as per who criteria. 873 (21.53%) smears revealed dysplastic changes. the dysplastic smears were further examined cytologically for the presence of chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus type-2, human papilloma virus, trichomonas vaginalis and candida albicans. chlamydia was found to be the commonest micro-organism associated with cervical dysplasia followed by herpes simplex virus type-2 and human papilloma virus. the association ... | 1992 | 1336729 |
| uv light-induced reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 and prevention by acyclovir. | uv b light is a potent stimulus for inducing reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. patients were enrolled in a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial to determine whether acyclovir can prevent uv light-induced hsv-2 recurrences. twenty-four patients with a history of recurrent infection of perigenital sites (e.g., buttock, thigh) were exposed one to four times with 4 minimum erythema doses of uv light. patients were given acyclovir 200 mg orally five times daily ... | 1992 | 1323616 |
| quantitative structure-activity relationships of n2-phenylguanines as inhibitors of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinases. | quantitative structure-activity relationships of the hansch-type were developed to account for inhibition of thymidine kinases from herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (hsv1,2) by n2-phenylguanines. derivatives with meta and/or para substituents on the phenyl ring display a wide range of overlapping, but not identical, potencies as inhibitors of the enzymes. ic50 values for 36 (hsv1) and 35 inhibitors (hsv2) were used to develop equations using hydrophobic (pi), electronic (sigma, r), and group ... | 1992 | 1323680 |
| identification and characterization of a novel herpes simplex virus glycoprotein, gk, involved in cell fusion. | antipeptide sera were used to identify a novel glycoprotein encoded by the ul53 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). the ul53 gene product is thought to play a central role in regulating membrane fusion because mutations giving rise to the syncytial phenotype, wherein cells are extensively fused, frequently map to this gene. a single 40-kda protein, designated gk (the ninth hsv-1 glycoprotein to be described), was detected with antipeptide sera in cells infected with both wild-type and s ... | 1992 | 1323714 |
| prevalence and correlates of herpes simplex infections. the population-based aids in multiethnic neighborhoods study. | to examine the extent and correlates of infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) in an inner-city community, we studied the prevalence of antibodies to these viruses and their association with risk behaviors in a representative sample of unmarried white, black, and hispanic adults living in san francisco, calif. | 1992 | 1326673 |
| viruses in anogenital cancer. | the association between sexual activity and cancer, first described in carcinoma of the cervix, has been expanded to include the majority of anogenital squamous epithelial carcinomas. current evidence suggests that human papillomavirus (hpv) may be of great importance in the development of these tumours, whilst herpes simplex type 2 virus (hsv-2) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) may play minor roles. certain types of hpv dna, including types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 39 are found in most but not ... | 1992 | 1339181 |
| recurrent genital infection in the guinea pig: differences between herpes simplex types 1 and 2. | recurrence rates of genital infections are significantly higher for herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 than hsv type 1. reasons for this difference are not known. in this report, multiple strains of hsv-1 and hsv-2 were evaluated in the guinea-pig model. hsv-2 strains showed significantly higher genital lesion recurrence than hsv-1, including hsv-1 mckrae strain which is highly recurrent in ocular infections. hsv-2 strains were also associated with more frequent asymptomatic vaginal virus sheddin ... | 1992 | 1339184 |
| [envelope and membrane glycoproteins of herpes simplex virus]. | a bibliographic update on the herpes simplex virus (hsv) envelope is made with special emphasis on the membrane glycoproteins and their role in adsorption, spreading and escape of the immune response. the hsv has at least seven glycoproteins on its envelope; three out of them are essential for in vitro replication, they are designated as gb, gd and gh; four are dispensable: gc, ge, gi and gg. their main functions are: gc, gb and gd attach the virion to the cell surface, binding to molecules of h ... | 1992 | 1345300 |
| the glycoprotein b gene and its syn3 locus of herpes simplex virus type 1 are involved in the synthesis of virus-associated growth factor (hsgf-1). | a putative growth factor (hsgf-1) associated with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), which is similar to prgf associated with pseudorabies virus, and/or hsgf-2 associated with hsv-2, was described. experiments with four syncytial (syn) and four nonsyncytial (syn+) hsv-1 strains showed that the ability of this virus to produce hsgf-1 in infected cells is associated with the syn+ phenotype. double infection of cells with syn+ and syn strain resulted either in enhancement or complete inhibition o ... | 1992 | 1363988 |
| antiviral activity of metabolites of t-2 toxin against herpes simplex virus type 2. | | 1992 | 1369381 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 gene ul13 encodes a phosphoprotein that is a component of the virion. | the ul13 open reading frame of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has been expressed in insect cells by a recombinant baculovirus and in escherichia coli. in the latter case, the ul13 gene was fused to the gene for glutathione s-transferase (gst) to allow high-level expression of an 80-kda gst-ul13 fusion protein. antibody raised against the fusion protein reacted specifically with the 55-kda ul13 gene product expressed by the recombinant baculovirus. this antibody also recognized a late phosph ... | 1992 | 1326802 |
| computer prediction of antigenic and topogenic domains in hsv-1 and hsv-2 glycoprotein b (gb). | the envelope glycoprotein b (gb) coded for by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ul27 gene is similar to the amino acid (aa) sequence of the gb coded by a homologous gene in hsv-2 dna. the putative antigenic domains in hsv-1 and hsv-2 gb glycoproteins were analyzed on a comparative basis by suitable computer programs, which allowed the prediction of putative antigenic and topogenic domains. the computer-derived domains were compared to experimentally reported antigenic domains in hsv-1 gb g ... | 1992 | 1375407 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 and pseudorabies virus associated growth factors and their role in the latency in vitro. | a putative herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) growth factor (hsgf-2) was detected in a crude extract from virus infected mouse embryo cells. this factor, similar to previously described pseudorabies virus (prv) associated growth factor (prgf) was shown to have ability to morphologically transform non-transformed cells and to repress the transformed phenotype of transformed cells. both activities could be neutralized with two, out of seven monoclonal antibodies directed against glycoprotein b of ... | 1992 | 1284865 |
| in vitro toxicological evaluation of isis 1082, a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide inhibitor of herpes simplex virus. | isis 1082, a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide targeted to a translation initiation codon of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) virion capsid protein ul13 inhibits in vitro viral replication. to better understand the pharmacological properties of isis 1082, we examined its effects in nonvirally infected hela cells by using a number of cytotoxicity assays. our data indicate that isis 1082 had no effect on hela cell viability as measured by cellular prolifer ... | 1992 | 1377898 |
| human cd8+ herpes simplex virus-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte clones recognize diverse virion protein antigens. | the role of the hla class i-restricted, cd8+, herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) in the control of human hsv infections is controversial because previous reports suggest that a substantial portion of the antigen-specific lytic response is mediated by cd4+ cells. to address this question directly, we isolated hsv-specific cd8+ ctl clones from a patient with recurrent genital herpes. these ctl were cloned by coculturing responder peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p ... | 1992 | 1310769 |
| polymerase chain reaction amplification of herpes simplex virus dna from clinical samples. | the polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna from 79 clinical specimens from the female genital tract, and the results were compared with cell culture. combining the polymerase chain reaction with visualization of amplified products using a direct gel analysis, hsv dna was detected in 38 specimens, six of which were negative for virus by cell culture. hybridization of the amplified products detected hsv in three other specimens. one specimen was positive for h ... | 1992 | 1310807 |
| construction of a us3 lacz insertion mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 and characterization of its phenotype in vitro and in vivo. | we have constructed and characterized a mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) which was inserted a modified lacz gene, placed under the control of hsv-1 beta 8 promotor, into the us3 protein kinase gene. the mutant, l1br1, could not induce the virus-encoded protein kinase activity, but could replicate in vero cells as efficiently as the parental virus. when the biological properties of l1br1 were examined in mice by using four routes (footpad, intraperitoneal, corneal, and intracerebral) ... | 1992 | 1326804 |
| detection of enteroviral rna by polymerase chain reaction in faecal samples from patients with aseptic meningitis. | an assay based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detection of enteroviral rna in stool samples was carried out using specimens from 74 patients with aseptic meningitis. the primer pair and probe were derived from the highly conserved 5' non-coding enterovirus genomic region. enteroviral rna was detected in faeces of all 36 patients in whom an enterovirus was isolated from stool. the pcr assay yielded positive results in additionally 3/6 cases where enterovirus diagnoses were obtained by ... | 1992 | 1328511 |
| evidence for an alpha-herpesvirus indigenous to mountain gorillas. | sera from wild mountain gorillas were screened for antibodies reactive with primate alpha-herpesviruses. four of seven individuals tested (58%) were positive. in all four sera the highest titers were to hsv-2 followed by hsv-1 and sa8. immunoblot analysis confirmed a preferential reactivity with hsv-2 antigen. further analysis by competition elisa indicated that these gorillas had experienced infection with a virus antigenically similar but not identical to hsv-2. these results represent the fir ... | 1992 | 1328641 |
| herpes simplex virus-infected human fibroblasts are resistant to and inhibit cytotoxic t-lymphocyte activity. | we examined the ability of human anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) to lyse autologous human fibroblasts infected with hsv. in contrast to hsv-infected human epstein-barr virus-transformed b cells (lcl), which were lysed by hla-restricted anti-hsv ctl, autologous fibroblasts infected with hsv were resistant to lysis. this resistance was not due to a lack of infectivity or production of hsv proteins since greater than 90% of the cells were infected and expressed abundan ... | 1992 | 1328666 |
| a point mutation in the thymidine kinase gene is responsible for acyclovir-resistance in herpes simplex virus type 2 sequential isolates. | a number of hsv-2 isolates, sequentially recovered from ulcerative ano-genital lesions of an aids patient during a prolonged treatment with acyclovir (acv), have been studied at the molecular level. all of them were highly resistant to acv (acv-r) and shown to be virtually deficient in thymidine kinase (tk) activity. the acv-r phenotype was demonstrated to be due to the production of truncated tk polypeptide. structural alteration of this gene, as shown in one isolate, was caused by a chain-term ... | 1992 | 1329374 |
| assessment of a selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (l-653,180) as therapy for experimental recurrent genital herpes. | herpes simplex virus (hsv)-coded thymidine kinase (tk) is important in efficient reactivation of latent infection. these studies were designed to investigate whether treatment of latently infected animals with a tk inhibitor altered the natural history of recurrent hsv disease. 9-([(z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methyl) guanine (l-653,180) is a potent and selective nonsubstrate inhibitor of hsv tk which can suppress or delay reactivation of hsv-1 from latently infected cells in vitro without af ... | 1992 | 1329638 |
| direct inactivation of herpes simplex virus type-2 by rat epidermal protein. | proteins were extracted from corneocytes of skin of 2-day-old rats and fractionated by gel filtration and cation exchange column chromatography. the different protein fractions were tested for direct inactivation of herpes simplex virus infectivity as determined by reduction of plaque formation. the most effective protein fractions against herpes simplex virus were a neutral ph buffer soluble and mol. wts. ranging from 20 k to 30 k. amino acid composition of the proteins were virtually identical ... | 1992 | 1329649 |
| human papillomaviruses and other biological markers in cervical cancer. | the presence of hpv dna in the genital tract and the genotype of the infecting hpv are now widely employed as biochemical markers in epidemiological studies of cervical cancer. additional hpv markers could be utilized in future investigations. the amount of hpv dna is likely to be higher in case specimens than in control specimens; viral genome would be integrated frequently in cases but almost never in controls; and early region transcripts may be relatively more abundant in cases than in contr ... | 1992 | 1330911 |
| relationship between human papillomavirus infection and tumours of anogenital sites other than the cervix. | although tissues in the case series of anal, penile, vaginal and vulvar neoplasms that have looked for evidence of hpv infection by probing for hpv dna have been selected for convenience, they support the view that hpv, especially type 16, is associated with approximately 50% of these tumours. a higher percentage of the anal, vaginal and vulvar tumours are associated with hpv 16 than are penile tumours. this discrepancy may be due to the low number of penile tumours studied or to a true differen ... | 1992 | 1330912 |
| comparison studies of hpv detection in areas at different risk for cervical cancer. | the hypothesis of a geographical correlation between hpv detection rates and incidence of cervical cancer has been investigated in studies of various types. however, results from these studies are equivocal, in contrast to findings concerning other suspected risk factors which seem to correlate well with the cervical cancer incidence. possible explanations include (1) greater sensitivity of ecological studies to cumulative exposures such as lifetime number of sexual partners, lifetime smoking an ... | 1992 | 1330913 |
| a 15-year surveillance study of antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in a cohort of young girls. | a cohort of 839 young girls at the ages of 14 and 15 years was screened for total antibodies to herpes simplex virus (hsv) and, if positive, for specific antibodies to hsv-2, by means of a sensitive, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the cohort was followed from 1972-1987. blood samples were obtained on six occasions during these 16 years. in total, 2270 blood samples were taken. the number of sero-converting girls was studied in relation to calendar time. two methods were constructed f ... | 1992 | 1331244 |