| expression of modified gene encoding functional human alpha-1-antitrypsin protein in transgenic tomato plants. | transgenic plants offer promising alternative for large scale, sustainable production of safe, functional, recombinant proteins of therapeutic and industrial importance. here, we report the expression of biologically active human alpha-1-antitrypsin in transgenic tomato plants. the 1,182 bp cdna sequence of human aat was strategically designed, modified and synthesized to adopt codon usage pattern of dicot plants, elimination of mrna destabilizing sequences and modifications around 5' and 3' fla ... | 2008 | 18320339 |
| the sweet potato sporamin promoter confers high-level phytase expression and improves organic phosphorus acquisition and tuber yield of transgenic potato. | the sweet potato sporamin promoter was used to control the expression in transgenic potato of the e. coli appa gene, which encodes a bifunctional enzyme exhibiting both acid phosphatase and phytase activities. the sporamin promoter was highly active in leaves, stems and different size tubers of transgenic potato, with levels of phytase expression ranging from 3.8 to 7.4% of total soluble proteins. phytase expression levels in transgenic potato tubers were stable over several cycles of propagatio ... | 2008 | 18389377 |
| microbial growth and the effects of mild acidification and preservatives in refrigerated sweet potato puree. | refrigerated sweet potato puree is a convenient form of sweet potato that can be used as an ingredient in formulated foods. the microbiology of refrigerated sweet potato puree during storage for up to 5 weeks was evaluated. because the puree was made by comminuting steam-cooked sweet potatoes before refrigeration, no naturally occurring vegetative bacterial cells were detected during a 4-week period of refrigerated storage at 4 degrees c. however, if postprocessing microbial contamination of the ... | 2008 | 18389715 |
| antimicrobial, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities of defensin from sweet potato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam. 'tainong 57'] storage roots. | a cdna encoding a small cysteine-rich protein designated defensin (spd1) was isolated from sweet potato storage roots. on the basis of the amino acid sequence similarity and conserved residues, it is suggested that spd1 is a member of the plant defensin family. recombinant spd1 protein overproduced in escherichia coli was purified by ni (2+)-chelated affinity chromatography. a recombinant protein from the storage root cdna clone effectively inhibited the trypsin activity in a dose-dependent mann ... | 2008 | 18393437 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel trypsin inhibitor from fresh lily bulbs. | a 17-kda trypsin inhibitor was isolated from fresh lily bulbs with an isolation procedure that involved ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on sp-sepharose, and gel filtration by fplc on superdex 75. its n-terminal sequence displayed similarity to a short segment of the sequences of the populus tremula trypsin inhibitor, a putative trypsin inhibitor from arabidopsis thaliana and sporamin b from sweet potato. the ... | 2008 | 18401842 |
| production of cyclodextrins by cgtase from bacillus clausii using different starches as substrates. | cyclodextrins (cds) are cyclic oligasaccharides composed by d-glucose monomers joined by alpha-1,4-d glicosidic linkages. the main types of cds are alpha-, beta- and gamma-cds consisting of cycles of six, seven, and eight glucose monomers, respectively. their ability to form inclusion complexes is the most important characteristic, allowing their wide industrial application. the physical property of the cd-complexed compound can be altered to improve stability, volatility, solubility, or bio-ava ... | 2008 | 18421582 |
| sweet potato and green panic as sole fodder for stall-fed lactating white fulani cows and growing calves. | three sweet potato varieties (tis-87/ 0087; tis-8164; tis-2532.op.1.13) and green panic (panicum maximum) were evaluated for forage quality in a completely randomized design (crd) using 12 sole-fed lactating white fulani cows for 21 days, and 12 growing white fulani and white fulani x brown swiss calves for 77 days. dry matter intake of cows ranged (p<0.05) between 131 g/wkg(0.734) in tis-87/0087 and 152 g/wkg(0.734) in tis-8164. daily milk yields increased (p<0.05) in tis-87/0087 (2%) and tis-8 ... | 2008 | 18422254 |
| the presence of rickettsia is associated with increased susceptibility of bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) to insecticides. | the presence of certain symbiotic microorganisms may be associated with insecticide resistance in insects. the authors compared the susceptibility of two isofemale lines, rickettsia-plus and rickettsia-free, of the sweet potato whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) to major insecticides from different chemical groups, including imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, pyriproxyfen, spiromesifen and diafenthiuron. | 2008 | 18432613 |
| rubisco, rubisco activase, and global climate change. | global warming and the rise in atmospheric co(2) will increase the operating temperature of leaves in coming decades, often well above the thermal optimum for photosynthesis. presently, there is controversy over the limiting processes controlling photosynthesis at elevated temperature. leading models propose that the reduction in photosynthesis at elevated temperature is a function of either declining capacity of electron transport to regenerate rubp, or reductions in the capacity of rubisco act ... | 2008 | 18436544 |
| presence of p1b and absence of hc-pro in squash vein yellowing virus suggests a general feature of the genus ipomovirus in the family potyviridae. | the genus ipomovirus is one of six currently recognized genera in the family potyviridae. the complete nucleotide sequence of squash vein yellowing virus (sqvyv), a putative ipomovirus recently described in florida, has been determined. the 9836 nt sqvyv genomic rna [excluding the poly(a) tail] has one large open reading frame encoding a single polyprotein of 3172 amino acids, typical of the genome organization for most members in the family potyviridae. the 10 mature proteins predicted to be de ... | 2008 | 18455828 |
| performance of growing indigenous goats fed diets based on urban market crop wastes. | the effect of feeding diets including market crop wastes (sweet potato vines (ipomoea batatas) and scarlet eggplant (solanum aethiopicum)) on growth and digestibility was studied using 32 indigenous intact growing male goats. adding elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum), maize bran and leucaena leucocephala leaves, four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets (sweet potato vines, solanum, mixed and control) were formulated. after the growth trial, 12 goats were randomly selected for a digestibility ... | 2009 | 18551378 |
| tetracycline production with sweet potato residue by solid state fermentation. | for saving energy in antibiotic production and reducing the amount of agricultural wastes, solid state fermentation was used in this study to produce tetracycline with sweet potato residue by streptomyces viridifaciens atcc 11989. it was found that the optimal media for tetracycline production were sweet potato residue 100 g, organic nitrogen (rice bran, wheat bran, or peanut meal) 20 g, (nh(4))(2)so(4) 2.4 g, kh(2)po(4) 0.4 g, caco(3) 1.8 g, nacl 0.6 g, mgcl(2) 0.8 g, soluble starch 10 g, methi ... | 1989 | 18588016 |
| dietary intake of carotenoid isomers in israel. | controversy exists regarding the possible protective role of carotenoids against cancer. evidence is mainly against all-e-beta-carotene, while there is no evidence against other carotenoids or against mixtures of beta-carotene stereoisomers. carotenoid isomers could account for the variability in study results but are rarely estimated, and reference to the degree of their consumption is lacking. the aim of our study was to create a comprehensive database of carotenoid isomers content in food ite ... | 2007 | 18622950 |
| construction of a novel cell-surface display system for heterologous gene expression in escherichia coli by using an outer membrane protein of zymomonas mobilis as anchor motif. | a novel bacterial cell-surface display system was developed in escherichia coli using omp1, a hypothetical outer membrane protein of zymomonas mobilis. by using this system, we successfully expressed beta-amylase gene of sweet potato in e. coli. the display of enzyme on the membrane surface was also confirmed. the recombinant beta-amylase showed to significantly increase hydrolytic activity toward soluble starch. our results provide a basis for constructing an engineered z. mobilis strain direct ... | 2008 | 18688577 |
| elimination of two viruses which interact synergistically from sweetpotato by shoot tip culture and cryotherapy. | sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv; closteroviridae) and sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv; potyviridae) interact synergistically and cause severe diseases in co-infected sweetpotato plants (ipomoea batatas). sweetpotato is propagated vegetatively and virus-free planting materials are pivotal for sustainable production. using cryotherapy, spcsv and spcsv were eliminated from all treated single-virus-infected and co-infected shoot tips irrespective of size (0.5-1.5mm including 2-4 ... | 2008 | 18786569 |
| proteolytic processing of polyphenol oxidase from plants and fungi. | polyphenol oxidase (ppo), a metalloenzyme containing a type-3 copper center, is produced by many species of plants, fungi, and bacteria. there is great variability in the subunit molecular mass reported for ppo, even from a single species. in some cases, experimental evidence (usually protein sequencing by edman degradation) indicates that the variability in molecular mass for ppo from a given species is the result of proteolytic processing at the n and/or c-termini of the protein. in order to i ... | 2008 | 18829115 |
| [study on antitumor effect and its toxicity of ipomoea batatas poir cv anthocyanins]. | to investigate the antitumor effect and estimate the toxicity of ipomoea batatas poir cv anthocyanins. | 2008 | 18839539 |
| cerebroside elicitor confers resistance to fusarium disease in various plant species. | abstract in the rice blast fungus pathosystem, cerebroside, a compound categorized as a sphingolipid, was found in our previous study to be a non-racespecific elicitor, which elicits defense responses in rice. here we describe that cerebroside c is produced in diverse strains of fusarium oxysporum, a common soilborne agent of wilt disease affecting a wide range of plant species. in addition, some type of cerebroside elicitor involving cerebroside a, b, or c was detected in other soilborne phytop ... | 2004 | 18943100 |
| natural wild hosts of sweet potato feathery mottle virus show spatial differences in virus incidence and virus-like diseases in uganda. | sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv, genus potyvirus) is globally the most common pathogen of sweetpotato. an east african strain of spfmv incites the severe 'sweetpotato virus disease' in plants co-infected with sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus and threatens subsistence sweetpotato production in east africa; however, little is known about its natural hosts and ecology. in all, 2,864 wild plants growing in sweetpotato fields or in their close proximity in uganda were observed for virus-l ... | 2008 | 18944287 |
| genetic variability and host specialization in the latin american clade of ceratocystis fimbriata. | abstract the ceratocystis fimbriata complex includes many undescribed species that cause wilt and canker diseases of many economically important plants. phylogenetic analyses of dna sequences have delineated three geographic clades within ceratocystis fimbriata. this study examined host specialization in the latin american clade, in which a number of lineages were identified using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of the rdna. three host-associated lineages were identifie ... | 2003 | 18944327 |
| the helper component-proteinase of sweet potato feathery mottle virus facilitates systemic spread of potato virus x in ipomoea nil. | abstract when ipomoea nil was coinfected with sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv), a member of the genus potyvirus, and potato virus x (pvx) typical symptoms caused by pvx were observed on those by spfmv on the first upper true leaves at 14 days postinoculation (dpi). on the other hand, no pvx-induced symptoms were observed on the first upper true leaves at 14 dpi when plants were infected with pvx alone. in the case of coinfection with pvx and spfmv, pvx rna was detected not only in the ... | 2000 | 18944517 |
| molecular characterization of the cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus coat protein gene. | abstract cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) is a partially characterized bipartite closterovirus transmitted by the tobacco whitefly (bemisia tabaci). cysdv has emerged as a serious pathogen in southeastern spain and the mediterranean region, causing yellowing disease of cucumber and melon crops. using a modified reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction protocol with gel-extracted dsrna templates, fragments of cysdv rna2 were amplified and cloned. sequence analysis of the clo ... | 1999 | 18944661 |
| homology-dependent virus resistance in transgenic plants with the coat protein gene of sweet potato feathery mottle potyvirus: target specificity and transgene methylation. | abstract nicotiana benthamiana plants were transformed with the coat protein (cp) coding sequence and the 3' nontranslated region (ntr) of the severe strain of sweet potato feathery mottle potyvirus (spfmv-s). regenerated lines were screened for virus resistance using recombinant potato virus x (pvx) engineered to contain the sequence homologous to the transgene. out of 19 transgenic lines, 7 showed virus resistance after inoculation by the recombinant pvx. in most of the resistant lines, relati ... | 1999 | 18944751 |
| diversity within streptomyces ipomoeae based on inhibitory interactions, rep-pcr, and plasmid profiles. | abstract streptomyces soil rot is a destructive disease of sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) that causes yield loss resulting from decay of the feeder root system and reduced quality due to the presence of necrotic lesions on the storage roots. it is managed by the use of resistant cultivars, but variability of the pathogen has not been previously assessed. this study compared 36 strains of the pathogen streptomyces ipomoeae from different locations in the united states and japan. the strains could ... | 1998 | 18944851 |
| serological relationships between the cylindrical inclusion proteins of potyviruses. | abstract antisera to the cytoplasmic inclusion proteins (cips) of bean yellow mosaic (bymv), clover yellow vein (clyvv), turnip mosaic (tumv), sweet potato feathery mottle (spfmv), and maize dwarf mosaic (mdmv) potyviruses were used to examine the relationships between the cips of 18 potyviruses. the antisera to cips of bymv, clyvv, tumv, and spfmv cross-reacted to most or all of the purified cips tested in western blot assays. the mdmv cip antiserum reacted significantly only to the mdmv and so ... | 1998 | 18944875 |
| phylogenetic relationships within the family potyviridae: wheat streak mosaic virus and brome streak mosaic virus are not members of the genus rymovirus. | abstract the complete nucleotide sequence of wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv) has been determined based on complementary dna clones derived from the 9,384-nucleotide (nt) rna of the virus. the genome of wsmv has a 130-nt 5' leader and 149-nt 3'-untranslated region and is polyadenylated at the 3' end. wsmv rna encodes a single polyprotein of 3,035 amino acid residues and has a deduced genome organization typical for a member of the family potyviridae (5'-p1/hc-pro/p3/6k1/ci/6k2/vpg-nia/nib/cp-3') ... | 1998 | 18944883 |
| anthocyanins from purple sweet potato ipomoea batatas cultivar ayamurasaki suppress the development of atherosclerotic lesions and both enhancements of oxidative stress and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice. | we evaluated the protective potential of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato ipomoea batatas cultivar ayamurasaki (apsp) against low-density lipoprotein (ldl) oxidation in vitro and atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice given a cholesterol- and fat-enriched diet with or without 1% apsp for 4 weeks. apsp protected ldl against oxidation more potently than other anthocyanins and l-ascorbic acid in vitro. in mice, apsp significantly lowered the atherosclerotic plaqu ... | 2008 | 18986148 |
| treatment and phosphorus removal from high-concentration organic wastewater by the yeast hansenula anomala j224 pawa. | a flocculent yeast, hansenula anomala j224 pawa, bred in this study, accumulated twice as much phosphorus as the wild type. over a 30-d period, pawa removed 70-80% of dissolved total phosphorus from sweet-potato and barley shochu wastewaters (alcoholic distillery wastewaters) while the wild type removed only 30%. waste sludge was easily separated from effluent wastewater because pawa cells made large flocks that rapidly settled. component analysis suggested that pawa sludge could be used as a pr ... | 2009 | 19010663 |
| rna silencing-mediated resistance to a crinivirus (closteroviridae) in cultivated sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) and development of sweet potato virus disease following co-infection with a potyvirus. | sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv; genus crinivirus, family closteroviridae) is one of the most important pathogens of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.). it can reduce yields by 50% by itself and cause various synergistic disease complexes when co-infecting with other viruses, including sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv; genus potyvirus, family potyviridae). because no sources of true resistance to spcsv are available in sweet potato germplasm, a pathogen-derived transgenic resis ... | 2008 | 19018990 |
| amylolytic hydrolysis of native starch granules affected by granule surface area. | initial stage of hydrolysis of native starch granules with various amylolytic enzymes, alpha-amylase from bacillus subtilis, glucoamylase i (ga-i) and ii (ga-ii) from aspergillus niger, and beta-amylase from sweet potato showed that the reaction was apparently affected by a specific surface area of the starch granules. the ratios of the reciprocal of initial velocity of each amylolytic hydrolysis for native potato and maize starch to that for rice with the amylolytic enzymes were nearly equivale ... | 2008 | 19021791 |
| purple sweet potato color attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by d-galactose in mouse liver. | the hepatoprotective effects of purple sweet potato color (pspc), which is natural anthocyanin food colors, have been well demonstrated in many studies. nevertheless, little work has been done to clarify the detailed mechanism of hepatoprotective effects of pspc. this study was designed to explore whether pspc protected mouse liver from d-gal-induced injury by attenuating oxidative stress or suppressing inflammation. the histology changes of mouse liver was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin stai ... | 2009 | 19114082 |
| growth-regulated expression of a bacteriocin, produced by the sweet potato pathogen streptomyces ipomoeae, that exhibits interstrain inhibition. | certain strains of the bacterial sweet potato pathogen streptomyces ipomoeae produce the bacteriocin ipomicin, which inhibits other sensitive strains of the same species. within the signal-sequence-encoding portion of the ipomicin structural gene ipoa exists a single rare tta codon, which is recognized in streptomyces bacteria by the temporally accumulating blda leucyl trna. in this study, ipomicin was shown to stably accumulate in culture supernatants of s. ipomoeae in a growth-regulated manner ... | 2009 | 19114519 |
| effects of temperature and culture media on vegetative growth of an entomopathogenic fungus isaria sp. (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) naturally affecting the whitefly, bemisia tabaci in texas. | the effects of temperature and mycological media on mycelial growth and estimates of spore production of an indigenous entomopathogenic fungus, isaria sp., found during natural epizootics on whiteflies in the lower rio grande valley of texas, were investigated. the radial growth (mm/day) of isaria sp. as a function of temperature fits a linear model; with faster growth on sabouraud dextrose agar with yeast extract, sday slopes (0.23) than on sabouraud maltose agar, sma slopes (0.14) from 20 to 3 ... | 2009 | 19125352 |
| effects of a killed-cover crop mulching system on sweetpotato production, soil pests, and insect predators in south carolina. | sweetpotatoes, ipomoea batatas (l.) lam. (convolvulaceae), are typically grown on bare soil where weeds and erosion can be serious problems. conservation tillage systems using cover crop residues as mulch can help reduce these problems, but little is known about how conservation tillage affects yield and quality of sweetpotato or how these systems impact populations of beneficial and pest insects. therefore, field experiments were conducted at the u.s. vegetable laboratory, charleston, sc, in 20 ... | 2008 | 19133469 |
| molecular characterization of the sweet potato peroxidase swpa4 promoter which responds to abiotic stresses and pathogen infection. | previously, the swpa4 peroxidase gene has been shown to be inducible by a variety of abiotic stresses and pathogenic infections in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas). to elucidate its regulatory mechanism at the transcriptional level under various stress conditions, we isolated and characterized the promoter region (2374 bp) of swpa4 (referred to as swpa4). we performed a transient expression assay in tobacco protoplasts with deletions from the 5'-end of swpa4 promoter fused to the beta-glucuronidas ... | 2009 | 19226312 |
| almost there: transmission routes of bacterial symbionts between trophic levels. | many intracellular microbial symbionts of arthropods are strictly vertically transmitted and manipulate their host's reproduction in ways that enhance their own transmission. rare horizontal transmission events are nonetheless necessary for symbiont spread to novel host lineages. horizontal transmission has been mostly inferred from phylogenetic studies but the mechanisms of spread are still largely a mystery. here, we investigated transmission of two distantly related bacterial symbionts--ricke ... | 2009 | 19274091 |
| reproductive and damage potentials of two populations of rotylenchulus reniformis on sweetpotato and related comparisons with meloidogyne javanica on tomato. | two rotylenchulus reniformis populations (north carolina and georgia) were compared on sweetpotato and tomato. 'beauregard' sweetpotato and 'better boy' and 'marion' tomato were excellent hosts for both r. reniformis populations. on beauregard sweetpotato, the two populations did not differ in fecundity; however, on both tomato cultivars, the georgia population reproduced at a higher rate than the north carolina population (p </= 0.05). meloidogyne javanica reproduction was higher (p </= 0.05) o ... | 1993 | 19279849 |
| plant-parasitic nematode problems in the pacific islands. | the pacific islands have a diverse range of food and cash crops with indigenous and introduced nematode problems. the staple food crops have serious nematode pests, such as meloidogyne spp. on sweet potato, hirschmanniella miticausa causing corm rot of taro, and pratylenchus coffeae and radopholus sp. producing tuber dry rot of yams. bananas are infested with p. coffeae or r. similis, citrus with tylenchulus semipenetrans, rice with aphelenchoides besseyi, and ginger with meloidogyne spp. and r. ... | 1988 | 19290200 |
| nematode population densities and yield of sweet potato and onion as affected by nematicides and time of application. | nematode population densities and yield of sweet potato and onion as affected by nematicides and time of application were determined in a 3-year test. population densities of meloidogyne incognita race 1 in untreated plots of sweet potato increased each year, but helicotylenchus dihystera and criconemella ornata did not. ethoprop (6.8 kg a.i./ha) incorporated broadcast in the top 15-cm soil layer each spring before planting sweet potato reduced population densities of nematodes in the soil and i ... | 1988 | 19290295 |
| effect and reproduction of rotylenchulus reniformis on sweet potato selections. | growth, yield, and quality of 10 sweet potato selections and reproduction of the reniform nematode, rotylenchulus reniformis, were studied in fumigated and nonfumigated plots in a naturally infested field. nematode reproduction on the different selections in the field was similar to that reported in the greenhouse but was not related to the effect of the nematode on yield of the different selections. goldrush supported the least reproduction but was the most severely affected by the nematode, wh ... | 1983 | 19295791 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne incognita and rotylenchulus reniformis alone and in combination, and their effects on sweet potato. | meloidogyne incognita (mi) and rotylenchulus reniformis (rr) interactions on sweet potato were studied in naturally and artificially infested field plots for 3 years. in a naturally infested field, early season counts of mi or rr were positively correlated with later counts of the same nematode, but negative correlations were found between early mi and subsequent rr, and early rr and subsequent mi counts. in field plots fumigated with methyl bromide and then infested with low levels of rr, mi, a ... | 1983 | 19295792 |
| effects of concomitant development on reproduction of meloidogyne incognita and rotylenchulus reniformis on sweet potato. | the influence of various factors on reproduction of concomitant meloidogyne incognita (mi) and rotylenchulus reniformis (rr) on sweet potato were studied in the greenhouse. reproduction of rr was reduced by mi at all inoculum levels and experiment durations used, while mi reproduction was not inhibited. both species failed to affect each other when inoculated simultaneously onto root systems developed in separate pots from different nodes of the same plant. reproduction of each species was not s ... | 1983 | 19295794 |
| host plants, distribution, and ecological association of hoplolaimus columbus. | selected species and cultivars of plants were evaluated for host suitability for hoplolaimus columbus under greenhouse and fieht conditions. sixteen agronomic plant cultivars were assayed for infection and reproduction after 2-6 months. lima bean, soybean, cotton, and sweet corn were most favorable for nematode reproduction, whereas sweet potato was a nonhost plant. field corn and watermelon, which tolerated h. columbus without significant yield losses, are suited for alternative crops in the so ... | 1976 | 19308233 |
| comparison of total tract digestibility, development of visceral organs and digestive tract of mong cai and yorkshire x landrace piglets fed diets with different fibre sources. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of piglet age and dietary fibre source on the development of visceral organs and the gastrointestinal tract (git), and on growth performance and total tract apparent digestibility (ttad) in local [pure-breed mong cai (mc)] and exotic [landrace x yorkshire (ly)] piglets. the experimental diets contained different fibre sources: c (basal diet), rb (basal diet + rice bran), spvm (basal diet + sweet potato vine meal) and crem (basal diet + cassava res ... | 2009 | 19320931 |
| intake, growth and carcass yield of indigenous goats fed market wastes of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) vines and scarlet eggplant (solanum aethiopicum). | intake, growth and carcass yield of indigenous goats fed basal diets of market wastes of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) vines (spv) and scarlet eggplant (solanum aethiopicum) (sep) were examined in two experiments. in experiment i, the effect of presentation method (chopping, hanging or adding molasses) on the intake of sep and spv was evaluated. presentation method did not influence the intake of spv while hanging resulted in the highest (p < 0.05) intake of sep. in experiment ii, 24 male growi ... | 2009 | 19396623 |
| isolation and characterization of hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide signals in black nightshade leaves. | a gene encoding a preprohydroxyproline-rich systemin, snpreprohypsys, was identified from the leaves of black nightshade (solanum nigrum), which is a member of a small gene family of at least three genes that have orthologs in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum; ntpreprohypsys), tomato (solanum lycopersicum; slpreprohypsys), petunia (petunia hybrida; phpreprohypsys), potato (solanum tuberosum; phpreprohypsys), and sweet potato (ipomoea batatas; ibpreprohypsys). snpreprohypsys was induced by wounding and ... | 2009 | 19403725 |
| synergistic interaction between the potyvirus, turnip mosaic virus and the crinivirus, lettuce infectious yellows virus in plants and protoplasts. | lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv), the type member of the genus crinivirus in the family closteroviridae, is specifically transmitted by the sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner. liyv infections result in a low virus titer in plants and protoplasts, impeding reverse genetic efforts to analyze liyv gene/protein functions. we found that synergistic interactions occurred in mixed infections of liyv and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) in nicotiana benthamiana plants, an ... | 2009 | 19409943 |
| intergeneric conjugal gene transfer from escherichia coli to the sweet potato pathogen streptomyces ipomoeae. | to develop an effective gene transfer system for streptomyces ipomoeae, the causative agent of soil rot disease of sweet potatoes. | 2009 | 19413754 |
| hepatoprotective effects of an anthocyanin fraction from purple-fleshed sweet potato against acetaminophen-induced liver damage in mice. | the present study was undertaken to examine the protective effects of an anthocyanin fraction (af) obtained from purple-fleshed sweet potato on acetaminophen (paraceptamol [apap])-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and to determine the mechanism involved. mice pretreated with af prior to apap administration showed significantly lower increases in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and hepatic malondialdehyde formation than apap-treated animals without af. in add ... | 2009 | 19459732 |
| elimination of antiviral defense by viral rnase iii. | sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) is an important subsistence and famine reserve crop grown in developing countries where sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv; closteroviridae), a single-stranded rna (ssrna) crinivirus, synergizes unrelated viruses in co-infected sweet potato plants. the most severe disease and yield losses are caused by co-infection with spcsv and a potyvirus, sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv; potyviridae). potyviruses synergize unrelated viruses by suppression of rn ... | 2009 | 19515815 |
| novel begomovirus species of recombinant nature in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) and ipomoea indica: taxonomic and phylogenetic implications. | viral diseases occur wherever sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) is cultivated and because this crop is vegetatively propagated, accumulation and perpetuation of viruses can become a major constraint for production. up to 90% reductions in yield have been reported in association with viral infections. about 20 officially accepted or tentative virus species have been found in sweet potato and other ipomoea species. they include three species of begomoviruses (genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae) ... | 2009 | 19515824 |
| cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus p25 is a suppressor of post-transcriptional gene silencing. | post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) degrades rna in a sequence-specific manner and is utilised by plants as a natural defence mechanism against virus invaders. two members of the genus crinivirus have been reported to encode suppressors and counter ptgs: sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus p22 and tomato chlorosis virus (tocv) p22, coat protein and coat protein minor. using an agrobacterium-mediated transient assay on nicotiana benthamiana wildtype and 16c plants, we screened four cucurbit ... | 2009 | 19540278 |
| host specialization and phylogenetic diversity of corynespora cassiicola. | the fungus corynespora cassiicola is primarily found in the tropics and subtropics, and is widely diverse in substrate utilization and host association. isolate characterization within c. cassiicola was undertaken to investigate how genetic diversity correlates with host specificity, growth rate, and geographic distribution. c. cassiicola isolates were collected from 68 different plant species in american samoa, brazil, malaysia, and micronesia, and florida, mississippi, and tennessee within the ... | 2009 | 19671003 |
| [stress-responsive expression analysis of glutathione-s-transferase gene of ipomoea batatas (l.) lam]. | a prokaryotic expression plasmid pet-ibgst, which contains the full encoding region of a glutathione-s- transferase (gst) gene of sweet potato, was constructed. the recombinant ibgstu1 protein was expressed in escherichia coli and found in the soluble fraction, as well as in insoluble inclusion bodies of lysed cells. its enzymatic activity was detected using uv spectrophotometer. the protein was purified and used to prepare antibody. semi-quantitative rt-pcr and western blotting analyses demonst ... | 2009 | 19689949 |
| functional new acylated sophoroses and deglucosylated anthocyanins in a fermented red vinegar. | the new acylated polyphenols were isolated from a red-colored vinegar produced via fermentation with purple-fleshed sweet potato storage roots, and identified mainly by ms and nmr. the three acylated sophoroses were determined as 6-o-(e)-caffeoyl-(2-o-(6-o-acyl)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-d-glucopyranoses, where acyl was (e)-caffeoyl, p-hydroxybenzoyl, and (e)-feruloyl, respectively. the four acylated anthocyanins were also determined as cyanidin 3-o-(6-o-(e)-caffeoyl-(2-o-(6-o-(e)-feruloyl)-beta-d- ... | 2009 | 19702267 |
| effect of purple sweet potato anthocyanins on beta-amyloid-mediated pc-12 cells death by inhibition of oxidative stress. | amyloid-beta peptide (abeta) is known to induce the redox imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation, resulting in neuronal cell death. treatment with antioxidants provided a new therapeutic strategy for alzheimer's disease (ad) patients. here we investigate the effects of purple sweet potato anthocyanins (pspa), the known strong free radical scavengers, on abeta toxicity in pc12 cells. the results showed that pretreatment of pc12 cells with pspa reduced abeta-induced toxicity, ... | 2010 | 19771514 |
| feeding outside the forest: the importance of crop raiding and an invasive weed in the diet of gallery forest ring-tailed lemurs (lemur catta) following a cyclone at the beza mahafaly special reserve, madagascar. | in january 2005, a cyclone hit southern madagascar, including the beza mahafaly special reserve, disrupting the flowering/fruiting cycle of tamarindus indica, leaving lemur catta without its major food resource during reproductive periods. we studied two adjacent groups of l. catta during the late gestation period, and both groups ventured outside the reserve to feed. the red group (rg) fed daily on cultivated sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) leaves in a nearby field, and both groups consumed leav ... | 2009 | 19776607 |
| the sweet potato adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene (ibagp1) promoter confers high-level expression of the gus reporter gene in the potato tuber. | molecular farming refers to the process of creating bioengineered plants with the capability of producing potentially valuable products, such as drugs, vaccines, and chemicals. we have investigated the potential of the sweet potato adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene (ibagp1) promoter and its transit peptide (tp) as an expression system for the mass production of foreign proteins in potato. the ibagp1 promoter and its tp sequence were transformed into potato along with beta-glucuronidase (gus) as ... | 2009 | 19819408 |
| purple sweet potato color alleviates d-galactose-induced brain aging in old mice by promoting survival of neurons via pi3k pathway and inhibiting cytochrome c-mediated apoptosis. | purple sweet potato color (pspc), a class of naturally occurring anthocyanins, protects brain function against oxidative stress induced by d-galactose (d-gal) (sigma-aldrich, st. louis, mo, usa). our data showed that pspc enhanced open-field activity, decreased step-through latency, and improved spatial learning and memory ability in d-gal-treated old mice by decreasing advanced glycation end-products' (ages) formation and the age receptor (rage) expression, and by elevating cu,zn-superoxide dis ... | 2010 | 19863544 |
| purple sweet potato color ameliorates cognition deficits and attenuates oxidative damage and inflammation in aging mouse brain induced by d-galactose. | purple sweet potato color (pspc), a naturally occurring anthocyanin, has a powerful antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo. this study explores whether pspc has the neuroprotective effect on the aging mouse brain induced by d-galactose (d-gal). the mice administrated with pspc (100 mg/kg.day, 4 weeks, from 9th week) via oral gavage showed significantly improved behavior performance in the open field and passive avoidance test compared with d-gal-treated mice (500 mg/kg.day, 8 weeks). we furth ... | 2009 | 19865488 |
| effects of different levels of dried sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) leaves inclusion in finisher ration on feed intake, growth, and carcass yield performance of ross broiler chicks. | the effect of supplementation with increasing levels of dried leaves of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) on feed intake, body weight gain, and carcass yield characteristics of finisher ross broiler chicks was studied at haramaya university, ethiopia. three hundred ross broiler chicks aging 29 days and weighing 540 +/- 5.28 g (mean +/- sd) were randomly distributed to 15 pens, each with 20 chicks, representing five treatment rations each with three replications. dietary treatments consisted of incl ... | 2010 | 19866368 |
| studies on bacterial nutrition : iv. effect of plant tissue upon growth of pneumococcus and streptococcus. | in previous papers it has been shown that unheated plant tissue, in the form of potato, contains the two factors necessary for the growth of organisms of the hemoglobinophilic group. further studies (5) confirmed these findings and showed that yellow and white turnip, carrot, beet, parsnip, and sweet potato can replace blood in the cultivation of bacillus influenzae. in the present paper it has been shown that vegetable tissues also greatly facilitate and stimulate the growth of other organisms ... | 1923 | 19868784 |
| purple sweet potato color suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced acute inflammatory response in mouse brain. | the neuroprotective effects of purple sweet potato color (pspc), which is natural anthocyanin food colors, have been investigated in mice treated with lipopolysaccharide (lps). in behavioral tests, oral administration of pspc could significantly reverse the impairment of motor and exploration behavior induced by lps in the open field tasks, and also improve learning and memory ability in step-through tests. western blot analysis indicated that pspc significantly suppressed lps-induced cyclooxyge ... | 2010 | 19941923 |
| production of lactic acid from raw sweet potato powders by rhizopus oryzae immobilized in sodium alginate capsules. | rhizopus oryzae immobilized in calcium alginate was applied in lactic acid fermentation with unhydrolyzed raw sweet potato powders as the sole carbon source. the effects of sodium alginate concentration, calcium chloride concentration, and the immobilized bead diameter on lactic acid production were investigated. increase in sodium alginate concentration during the gelation process would harden the immobilized capsule, which led to a decrease in lactic acid production. the increase in calcium ch ... | 2010 | 20020223 |
| genetically pyramiding protease-inhibitor genes for dual broad-spectrum resistance against insect and phytopathogens in transgenic tobacco. | protease inhibitors provide a promising means of engineering plant resistance against attack by insects and pathogens. sporamin (trypsin inhibitor) from sweet potato and cecpi (phytocystatin) from taro were stacked in a binary vector, using pmspoa (a modified sporamin promoter) to drive both genes. transgenic tobacco lines of t0 and t1 generation with varied inhibitory activity against trypsin and papain showed resistance to both insects and phytopathogens. larvae of helicoverpa armigera that in ... | 2010 | 20055959 |
| diet and gastrointestinal signal on t1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of mice. | in magnetic resonance (mr) imaging of small animals, the gastrointestinal contents may give rise to intense signals on t1-weighted images. the aim of this study was to determine the optimal dietary preparation to reduce gastrointestinal signals in mice and to evaluate the usefulness of this approach. images of the mouse trunk were obtained using a t1-weighted, three-dimensional fast low-angle shot sequence under various dietary conditions and were compared with respect to the gastrointestinal si ... | 2010 | 20061108 |
| expression of sweet potato cysteine protease spcp2 altered developmental characteristics and stress responses in transgenic arabidopsis plants. | in this report a full-length cdna, spcp2, which encoded a putative papain-like cysteine protease was isolated from senescent leaves of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas). spcp2 contained 1101 nucleotides (366 amino acids) in its open reading frame, and exhibited high amino acid sequence identities (ca. 68% to 83%) with plant cysteine proteases, including actinidia deliciosa, arabidopsis thaliana, brassica oleracea, phaseolus vulgaris, pisum sativa, vicia faba, vicia sativa and vigna mungo. rt-pcr an ... | 2010 | 20129700 |
| ethanol and water extract of purple sweet potato exhibits anti-atherosclerotic activity and inhibits protein glycation. | it is well known that extracts of purple sweet potato (psp) have potent antioxidant activity. however, it has not been established whether extracts of psp inhibit oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) or protein glycation. ldl oxidation and protein glycation are well-known risk factors for chronic metabolic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. chopped and sliced psp and yellow sweet potato (ysp) were extracted individually at a concentration of 1 g of psp tuber/ml using ... | 2010 | 20136441 |
| macaques in farms and folklore: exploring the human-nonhuman primate interface in sulawesi, indonesia. | the island of sulawesi is an ecologically diverse and anthropogenically complex region in the indonesian archipelago; it is home to multiple macaque species and a key locus of human-nonhuman primate interconnections. here, we review the ethnoprimatology of sulawesi by exploring two primary domains of the human-macaque interface: overlapping resource use and cultural perceptions of macaques. crop raiding is the primary form of overlapping resource use. while the raiding of cacao plantations predo ... | 2010 | 20146249 |
| the sweet potato ibmyb1 gene as a potential visible marker for sweet potato intragenic vector system. | myb transcription factors play important roles in transcriptional regulation of many secondary metabolites including anthocyanins. we cloned the r2r3-myb type ibmyb1 complementary dnas from the purple-fleshed sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l. cv sinzami) and investigated the expression patterns of ibmyb1 gene with ibmyb1a and ibmyb1b splice variants in leaf and root tissues of various sweet potato cultivars by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the transcripts of ibmyb1 were predomi ... | 2010 | 20163556 |
| brewer's yeast efficiently degrades phytate phosphorus in a corn-soybean meal diet during soaking treatment. | microbes such as yeast and aspergillus are known to produce phytase, and aspergillus phytase has been used as a feed additive for improving phytate-phosphorus bioavailability in monogastric animals. we measured phytase activity in some by-products from fermented food and beverage productions by yeast and aspergillus. the phytase activity was as high as 3577 and 2225 pu/kg dm in raw and dried brewer's yeasts, respectively. on the other hand, the phytase activity was approximately 400 pu/kg dm in ... | 2009 | 20163604 |
| in vivo immunomodulatory effects of dietary purple sweet potato after immunization in chicken. | this study was intended to determine the modulatory effects of dietary supplementation of purple sweet potato (ipomoea batats poir., psp) on the immune response of chickens. psp was included in a basal starter diet by 1% (psp(l)) or 3% (psp(h)) and continually fed. newcastle disease (ndv) vaccine, brucella abortus (ba) and sheep red blood cells (srbc) were used for chicken immunization. antibody titers against these antigens were used to estimate humoral immunity. concanavalin a (con a)-induced ... | 2010 | 20163682 |
| prevalence and quantification of vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw salad vegetables at retail level. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the biosafety of vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw salad vegetables at wet market and supermarket in malaysia. a combination of most probable number - polymerase chain reaction (mpn-pcr) method was applied to detect the presence of v. parahaemolyticus and to enumerate their density in the food samples. the study analyzed 276 samples of common vegetables eaten raw in malaysia (wild cosmos = 8; japanese parsley = 21; cabbage = 30; lettuce = 16; indian penn ... | 2010 | 20208446 |
| the optimal extraction parameters and anti-diabetic activity of flavonoids from ipomoea batatas leaf. | extraction parameters of flavonoids from ipomoea batatas leaf (fibl) and anti-diabetic activity of fibl on alloxan induced diabetic mice were studied. the optimal extraction parameters of fibl were obtained by single factor test and orthogonal test, as follows: ethanol concentration 60 %, ratio of solvent to raw material 30, extraction temperature 75 degrees and extraction time 1.5 h, while extraction yield of fibl was 5.94 %. fibl treatment (50, 100, and 150 mg/ kg body weight) for 28 days resu ... | 2009 | 20209012 |
| comparisons among isolates of sweet potato feathery mottle virus using complete genomic rna sequences. | we determined the complete or partial nucleotide sequences of eight sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv) isolates and compared them with 12 other partial spfmv sequences. the genome organization of the isolate bungo (strain group c) was very different from those of isolates in the russet crack, ordinary (o), and east africa groups. 10-o appeared to be a recombinant of isolates s and o, with a recombination site within the p1 gene. this study will help to provide a better understanding of t ... | 2010 | 20336334 |
| family 17 and 28 carbohydrate-binding modules discriminated different cell-wall sites in sweet potato roots. | endoglucanase cel5a from clostridium josui contains a family 17 carbohydrate-binding module (cbm) (cjcbm17) and a family 28 cbm (cjcbm28) in tandem. these two cbms bound to non-crystalline cellulose and beta-1,3-1,4-glucan. our results indicate that the cbms recognized different components on the cell wall of a sweet potato root. the root was cut into longitudinal sections. we used cjcbm17 and cjcbm28 fused to two different fluorescent proteins to visualize differential recognition of the plant ... | 2010 | 20378993 |
| sporamin induce apoptosis in human tongue carcinoma cells by down-regulating akt/gsk-3 signaling. | we investigated the effects of sporamin, the major soluble protein with a kunitz-type trypsin inhibitory activity in the root tuber of the sweet potato, on cell proliferation, apoptosis, akt/gsk-3 signaling and its related genes to provide more insights in the mechanism behind the inhibitory effects of sporamin in a human tongue cancer line tca8113. in this study, sporamin inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in tca8113 cells in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. ... | 2011 | 20408878 |
| organic acid bioavailability from banana and sweet potato using an in vitro digestion and caco-2 cell model. | organic acids from plant food have been shown to play an important role in the prevention of chronic diseases (osteoporosis, obesity), inherent to western diets, but little is known about their bioavailability in the small intestine, information that needs to be determined in order to quantify likely effects on human health. | 2011 | 20429010 |
| transcriptional regulation of the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene from sweet potato in response to plant developmental stage and environmental stress. | cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of lignin. we have isolated full length of a cdna encoding cad (ibcad1) that was previously identified as the most abundant gene in an est library of sweetpotato suspension cells. phylogenetic analysis revealed that ibcad1 belongs to the family of defense-related cads. high levels of ibcad1 mrna were found in the roots of sweetpotato, but not in the leaves and petioles. the ibcad1 gene transcripts were highly induced by col ... | 2010 | 20454964 |
| unravelling the genetic diversity of the three main viruses involved in sweet potato virus disease (spvd), and its practical implications. | summary sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) is a widely grown food crop, in which the most important diseases are caused by viruses. genetic variability of three widely distributed sweetpotato viruses was analysed using data from 46 isolates of sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv), 16 isolates of sweet potato mild mottle virus (spmmv) and 25 isolates of sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv), of which 19, seven and six isolates, respectively, are newly characterized. division of spfmv into f ... | 2005 | 20565651 |
| overview and analysis of the polyprotein cleavage sites in the family potyviridae. | summary the genomes of plant viruses in the family potyviridae encode large polyproteins that are cut by virus-encoded proteases into ten mature proteins. three different types of protease have been identified, each of which cuts at sites with a distinctive sequence pattern. the experimental evidence for this specificity is reviewed and the cleavage site patterns are compiled for all sequenced species within the family. seven of the nine cleavage sites in each species are cut by the viral nia-pr ... | 2005 | 20565672 |
| alteration of floral organ identity by over-expression of ibmads3-1 in tobacco. | the mads-box genes have been studied mainly in flower development by researching flower homeotic mutants. most of the mads-box genes isolated from plants are expressed exclusively in floral tissues, and some of their transcripts have been found in various vegetative tissues. the genes in the stmads subfamily are important in the development of whole plants including roots, stems, leaves, and the plant vascular system. ibmads3-1, which is in the stmads subfamily, and which has been cloned in ipom ... | 2011 | 20567900 |
| effects of four host plants on biology and food utilization of the cutworm, spodoptera litura. | effects of four host plants, tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato, on larval and pupal development and survival, and longevity and fecundity of adults of spodoptera litura (f) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), were studied under laboratory conditions (26 degrees c, 60-80% rh), as was the utilization of the four host plants and adaptation on tobacco. all of the biological parameters included in the study were affected by the host plants. in a choice test, s. litura females oviposited most on ... | 2010 | 20578886 |
| purple sweet potato color protects mouse liver against d-galactose-induced apoptosis via inhibiting caspase-3 activation and enhancing pi3k/akt pathway. | purple sweet potato color (pspc) has been shown to possess hepatoprotective effects in our previous study. to clarify the detailed mechanism of hepatoprotective effects of pspc, we investigated the potential protective effect of pspc against caspase-3 activation induced by d-gal, as well as its influence on bcl-2 levels and pi3k/akt cell survival pathway. the results of tunel assay showed that pspc effectively suppressed the d-gal-induced hepatocytes apoptosis, suggesting that anti-apoptosis mec ... | 2010 | 20600541 |
| molecular genetic analysis of virus isolates from wild and cultivated plants demonstrates that east africa is a hotspot for the evolution and diversification of sweet potato feathery mottle virus. | sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv, genus potyvirus) is globally the most common pathogen of cultivated sweet potatoes (ipomoea batatas; convolvulaceae). although more than 150 spfmv isolates have been sequence-characterized from cultivated sweet potatos across the world, little is known about spfmv isolates from wild hosts and the evolutionary forces shaping spfmv population structures. in this study, 46 spfmv isolates from 14 wild species of genera ipomoea, hewittia and lepistemon (barc ... | 2010 | 20609081 |
| effects of four host plants on susceptibility of spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae to five insecticides and activities of detoxification esterases. | the tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura (f.), is one of the most destructive polyphagous pests worldwide. the susceptibility of s. litura larvae reared on tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato to phoxim, chlorfenapyr, methomyl, fenvalerate and emamectin benzoate under laboratory conditions was determined. | 2010 | 20672333 |
| purple sweet potato pigments protect murine thymocytes from ⁶⁰co γ-ray-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. | purple sweet potato (psp) pigments have been widely accepted as antioxidants but their radioprotective effect still remains unclear. in this study we investigated the effect of psp pigments on ⁶⁰co γ-ray-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in murine thymocytes. | 2010 | 20698744 |
| selection of stress-tolerant yeasts for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of very high gravity (vhg) potato mash to ethanol. | highly concentrated bioethanol production requires less volume in fermentation tanks and conserves distillery energy. we screened osmotolerant yeasts from a collection of 1699 yeast strains at our institute and found that three strains, nfri3062, nfri3213, and nfri3225, were candidates for use in bioethanol production. all of these strains belonged to saccharomyces cerevisiae. nfri3062 produced 15.0% (w/v) of ethanol from ypd medium containing 35% glucose cultivated at 30 degrees c for 60 h, whi ... | 2010 | 20705456 |
| [variations of flavanoid contents in vine tips among different varieties, parts and time of topping of sweetpotato for vegetable-use]. | to study the variations of flavonoids contents in vine tips of sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) among different varieties, parts and the time of topping. | 2010 | 20707060 |
| [responses of soil properties to ecosystem degradation in karst region of northwest guangxi, china]. | four typical ecosystems, i.e., maize-sweet potato rotational cultivated land (kms), grazing grassland burned annually in winter (kgb), natural restoration land (knr), and primary forest land (kpf), in karst region of northwest guangxi were selected to investigate the responses of soil nutrients (c, n and p), soil microbial biomass, and soil structure to the degradation of ecosystem. the contents of soil organic c, total n and p, and soil microbial biomass c, n, and p were significantly higher in ... | 2010 | 20707118 |
| anti-fibrotic effects of the anthocyanins isolated from the purple-fleshed sweet potato on hepatic fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine administration in rats. | in current study, we investigated the protective effects of the anthocyanin fraction (af) obtained from the purple-fleshed sweet potato on hepatic fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine (dmn) administration in rats. treatment with dmn for 4 weeks produced marked liver fibrosis as assessed by increased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity and hepatic collagen content. these increases were inhibited by treatment with af prior to the administration of dmn. in addi ... | 2010 | 20728498 |
| bioactivity of amphitoxin, the major constituent of the jamaican sponge amphimedon compressa. | fractionation of the meoh/ch2cl2 extract of the sponge amphimedon compressa afforded the secondary metabolite amphitoxin (1), the structure of which was elucidated by interpretation of 1h- and 13c-nmr data. the crude extract and the fractions containing the metabolite 1 were assessed for ichthyotoxic and insecticidal activity towards xiphophorus variatus (moon fish) and cylas formicarius elegantulus (sweet potato weevil), respectively. in addition, the ability of 1 to cause mortality (toxicity a ... | 2010 | 20730956 |
| the neogregarine protozoan farinocystis sp. reduces longevity and fecundity in the west indian sweet potato weevil, euscepes postfasciatus (fairmaire). | the number of west indian sweet potato weevils, euscepes postfasciatus, being mass-reared in a facility for use in sterile insect technique (sit) eradication programs has undergone a drastic reduction. a neogregarine protozoan pathogen farinocystis sp. (an undescribed species) was detected in vivo in the mass-reared e. postfasciatus. we investigated the effects of this disease on the longevity and fecundity of host weevils and the incubation time of the disease in the host body under mass-rearin ... | 2010 | 20736016 |
| cryopreservation of sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) and its pathogen eradication by cryotherapy. | sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) ranks as the seventh most important staple crop in the world and the fifth in developing countries after rice, wheat, maize and cassava. sweetpotato is mainly grown in developing countries, which account for more than 95% of total production of the whole world. genetic resources, including cultivated varieties and wild species, are a prerequisite for novel sweetpotato breeding in both conventional and genetic engineering programs. various cryopreservation protocols ... | 2011 | 20851757 |
| toxicity of seven bacillus thuringiensis cry proteins against cylas puncticollis and cylas brunneus (coleoptera: brentidae) using a novel artificial diet. | "sweetpotato weevils" cylas puncticollis (boheman) and cylas brunneus f. (coleoptera: brentidae) are the most important biological threat to sweetpotato, ipomoea batatas l. (lam), productivity in sub-saharan africa. sweetpotato weevil control is difficult due to their cryptic feeding behavior. expression of cylas-active bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry proteins in sweetpotato could provide an effective control strategy. unfortunately, bt cry proteins with relatively high toxicity against cylas sp ... | 2010 | 20857765 |
| effect of purple sweet potato leaves consumption on exercise-induced oxidative stress and il-6 and hsp72 levels. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of purple sweet potato leaves (pspl) consumption on oxidative stress markers in a healthy, nontrained, young male population after completing a running exercise protocol. a crossover design was applied, with 15 subjects participating in a two-step dietary intervention period. each subject was given a high- (pspl group) or low-polyphenol (control group) diet for 7 days with a 14-day washout period. after each dietary intervention period, all subje ... | 2010 | 20864555 |
| potential of trap crops for integrated management of the tropical armyworm, spodoptera litura in tobacco. | the tropical armyworm, spodoptera litura (f.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is an important pest of tobacco, nicotiana tabacum l. (solanales: solanaceae), in south china that is becoming increasingly resistant to pesticides. six potential trap crops were evaluated to control s. litura on tobacco. castor bean, ricinus communis l. (malpighiales: euphorbiaceae), and taro, colocasia esculenta (l.) schott (alismatales: araceae), hosted significantly more s. litura than peanut, arachis hypogaea l. (fabale ... | 2010 | 20874598 |
| analysis of complete genomic sequences of isolates of the sweet potato feathery mottle virus strains c and ea: molecular evidence for two distinct potyvirus species and two p1 protein domains. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the isolate c1 of sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv) strain c and the 5' region of several other strains were determined and analyzed together with the sequences of isolates representing the ea, rc and o strains. this provided molecular evidence for the reclassification of spfmv strains into two species and the occurrence of a complex recombinant isolate. analysis also revealed a hypervariable domain in the p1 protein, which separates an n-terminal reg ... | 2010 | 20882307 |
| effects of thermal processing on the in vitro bioaccessibility and microstructure of β-carotene in orange-fleshed sweet potato. | the effects of different preparation methods on the bioaccessibility of β-carotene in orange-fleshed sweet potato (ofsp), an important food crop in sub-saharan africa, have been evaluated using an in vitro digestion procedure. the preparation methods included, on fresh roots, boiling followed by puréeing and oil addition (bol) and homogenization followed by boiling and oil addition (hom); on milled flour from freeze-dried fresh roots, cooking of porridge followed by oil addition (poa) and oil a ... | 2010 | 20886817 |
| anthocyanins from purple sweet potato attenuate dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver injury in rats by inducing nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes and reducing cox-2 and inos expression. | anthocyanins of the purple sweet potato exhibit antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities via a multitude of biochemical mechanisms. however, the signaling pathways involved in the actions of anthocyanin-induced antioxidant enzymes against chronic liver injury are not fully understood. we examined whether an anthocyanin fraction (af) from purple sweet potato may prevent dimethylnitrosamine (dmn)-induced liver injury by inducing antioxidants via nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2) pathw ... | 2010 | 20934476 |