| characterization of production of cholesterol oxidases in three rhodococcus strains. | the production of cholesterol oxidase in two strains of rhodococcus equi no. 23 from butter, and rhodococcus sp. no. 33 from bacon, which had properties on biochemical and physiological tests almost similar to the strains of r. equi, was compared with that of the type strain (atcc 6939) of r. equi. the intensity of cholesterol oxidase activity, both extracellular and membrane-bound, from the three strains was in the order no. 23, atcc 6939 and no. 33. more extracellular enzyme was produced by st ... | 1986 | 3465718 |
| [kinetic characteristics of the alpha-mannanase of rhodococcus erythropolis 19]. | | 1987 | 3508931 |
| review of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi lung abscesses in foals: pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. | corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi is becoming increasingly significant as a cause of bronchopneumonia and lung abscessation in foals. the organism can survive within macrophages and may thus escape normal pulmonary defence mechanisms, particularly in immunocompromised animals. the disease has hitherto been associated with mortality rates as high as 80 per cent, partly as a result of inappropriate therapy. the selection of lipid-soluble antibiotics capable of intracellular penetration is critica ... | 1986 | 3535227 |
| acquired immunodeficiency in a seven-year-old horse. | a 7-year-old horse with no previous history of illness was determined to have a systemic infection of rhodococcus equi. rhodococcus equi was isolated from blood, tracheal fluid, and feces. lymphopenia, failure to respond to concanavalin a and phytohemagglutinin lymphocyte stimulation testing, decreased concentrations of immunoglobulin (ig)m, iga, and igg, low r equi antibody titer, histologic depletion of lymphoid tissue, and a failure to respond to antigenic stimulation led to the conclusion th ... | 1987 | 3570921 |
| degradations of 4-cholesten-3-one and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione by cholesterol-degrading bacteria. | degradations of 4-cholesten-3-one and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione, which are intermediates of microbial conversion of cholesterol, by cholesterol-degrading bacteria (12 strains of the genus rhodococcus isolated from food of animal origin and 12 culture collection strains) were examined. all strains had the ability to degrade 4-cholesten-3-one without necessarily being able to degrade cholesterol. on the other hand, the bacteria were divided into three groups with little or no (0-10%), intermedi ... | 1987 | 3571037 |
| bacterial o-methylation of halogen-substituted phenols. | two strains of bacteria capable of carrying out the o-methylation of phenolic compounds, one from the gram-positive genus rhodococcus and one from the gram-negative genus acinetobacter, were used to examine the o-methylation of phenols carrying fluoro-, chloro-, and bromo-substituents. zero-order rates of o-methylation were calculated from data for the chloro- and bromophenols; there was no simple relationship between the rates of reaction and the structure of the substrates, and significant dif ... | 1987 | 3579284 |
| non-pulmonary rhodococcus equi infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). | rhodococcus equi, formerly known as corynebacterium equi, was isolated repeatedly from the blood of two patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). neither of the patients had pneumonia while they were bacteraemic, whereas pneumonia has been present in all previously reported cases of human infection with r equi. one of our patients had diarrhoea and the organism was isolated from a stool culture; the other patient had a large granulomatous soft tissue mass in his pelvis caused ... | 1987 | 3584508 |
| [granuloma formation by the glycolipids containing mycolic acid in nocardia, rhodococcus and related actinomycetes and their structure analysis]. | | 1987 | 3585707 |
| [newly isolated glycolipids from rhodococcus terrae cell wall and their granuloma forming activities]. | | 1987 | 3585708 |
| actinomycetoma caused by rhodococcus spp. | we report a case of mycetoma caused by rhodococcus in a 62-year-old man who presented with multiple draining sinuses of the left foot. biopsy specimen showed granulomatous reaction and microabcesses contained granules. these granules were composed by rod and coccoid gram-positive and partially acid-fast elements. culture grew a 'nocardia-like organism', confirmed at the center for disease control as rhodococcus spp. | 1987 | 3587337 |
| cellulitis and subcutaneous abscesses caused by rhodococcus equi infection in a foal. | cellulitis and subcutaneous abscess formation was diagnosed in a 3-month-old thoroughbred filly. clinical signs consisted of a large ulcerated plaque, with satellite pustules on the medial aspect of the right hock and subcutaneous abscesses in the right inguinal and mammary gland areas. laboratory analysis revealed mature neutrophilia. rhodococcus equi was isolated from the cellulitis and the subcutaneous abscess. oral administration of erythromycin and rifampin for 35 days resulted in a clinica ... | 1987 | 3610765 |
| pathological findings of guinea-pigs infected intratracheally with rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. | | 1987 | 3613340 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in a cat. | | 1987 | 3619798 |
| isolation of mycolic acid-containing glycolipids in nocardia rubra and their granuloma forming activity in mice. | three classes of glycolipids (tmm (trehalose monomycolate), tdm (trehalose dimycolate) and gm (glucose mycolate] containing mycolic acids as hydrophobic components were isolated from a strain of nocardia rubra (rhodococcus rubrum) and their structures have been partially characterized using infrared spectrometry, gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. acid or alkaline hydrolysis of isolated glycolipids revealed that trehalose was the sole water soluble component in t ... | 1987 | 3625445 |
| experimental infection of piglets by aerosols of rhodococcus equi. | the purpose of this study was to investigate experimental infection of the piglet as a model of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in the foal. three litters of eight piglets each were exposed to an aerosol of 3.4 x 10(7) r. equi per piglet per day for seven consecutive days. over the next 23 days the piglets were observed for clinical signs of disease. periodically after infection one piglet from each litter was killed, the lungs were cultured quantitatively for r. equi and the gross and microscopic pu ... | 1987 | 3651882 |
| polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole-cell preparations of rhodococcus equi. | the whole-cell proteins of ten strains of rhodococcus equi isolated from horses, pigs, or humans, including the type strain atcc 6939, were examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the protein profiles of seven different capsular serotypes and the type strain were very similar when bacteria were cultured under the same conditions. protein profiles were largely unaffected by incubation at two temperatures (30 degrees c, 37 degrees c) or times (12 h, 48 h). there wer ... | 1987 | 3651883 |
| antibody response of horses to rhodococcus equi antigens. | the antigens extracted from strains belonging to seven capsular serotypes of rhodococcus equi, as well as from two wild strains isolated from pneumonic foals, were examined. whole-cell antigens and soluble products present in broth culture supernatants were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electroblotted onto nitrocellulose, and stained with serum from hyperimmunized rabbits or foals. foal sera used included sera from pneumonic animals with known titer to e ... | 1987 | 3651884 |
| antitumour activity of purified arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex of the cell wall skeleton of rhodococcus lentifragmentus. | antitumour activity of arabinogalactan peptidoglycan (ap) complex (peptidoglycan and arabinogalactan liberated by an acid or alkaline treatment from rhodococcus lentifragmentus an-115 cell wall skeleton) was examined in mice and compared with that of the cell wall skeleton. the growth of syngeneic fibrosarcoma meth a cells after implantation in balb/c mice was significantly suppressed by ap complex, and also regressed after intratumoral injection of ap complex on days 1, 4 and 7 after tumour imp ... | 1987 | 3655726 |
| [hydrocarbon-oxidizing microflora from the water of the baltic sea and kurshsky bay polluted after a fuel oil spill]. | microbiological studies were conducted in the water of the baltic sea and the kurshsky bay polluted with mazut as the result of a tanker wreck in november 1981 as well as in the water of nonpolluted regions. within the summer of 1982 and 1983, 755 bacterial strains were isolated from water samples taken at three different depths. bacteria belonging to the genera pseudomonas, rhodococcus + mycobacterium and arthrobacter predominated in the hydrocarbon-oxidizing cenoses of the baltic sea and the k ... | 1987 | 3657616 |
| opportunistic rhodococcus equi infection in an african aids case (1976-1981) | | 1987 | 3661048 |
| complete dechlorination of tetrachlorohydroquinone by cell extracts of pentachlorophenol-induced rhodococcus chlorophenolicus. | in this paper we describe the sequence of reactions leading from tetrachloro-para-hydroquinone to 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene by inducible enzymes of rhodococcus chlorophenolicus. tetrachlorohydroquinone was first converted to a dichlorotrihydroxybenzene in a reaction involving both hydrolytic and reductive dechlorination; no trichlorinated intermediate was detected. dichlorotrihydroxybenzene was subsequently reductively dechlorinated to a monochlorotrihydroxybenzene and finally to 1,2,4-trihydroxyb ... | 1987 | 3667526 |
| the taxonomic status of rhodococcus equi. | the species corynebacterium equi was proposed for strains isolated from foals suffering from purulent pneumonia. the taxon has had a confused history and is currently listed under both corynebacterium and rhodococcus in the approved lists of bacterial names. data from modern taxonomic studies indicate that corynebacterium equi magnusson 1923 should be reduced to a synonym of rhodococcus equi (magnusson) goodfellow and alderson 1980. rhodococcus equi has repeatedly been shown to be a good species ... | 1987 | 3672864 |
| ecology of rhodococcus equi in horses and their environment on horse-breeding farms. | quantitative culture of r. equi in the feces of dams and foals, in the air of the stalls and in the soil of the paddocks was carried out on three horse-breeding farms during the foaling season. the isolation rates of r. equi from the feces of dams from the 3 farms suddenly increased to approximately 80% at the end of march, when the snow in the paddocks finished melting, and remained at that level during april and may. the mean number of r. equi and the isolation rate of r. equi from the feces o ... | 1987 | 3672865 |
| the ecology of rhodococcus equi and physicochemical influences on growth. | growth of rhodococcus equi was studied in vitro. optimal growth occurred under aerobic conditions between ph 7.0 and 8.5, at 30 degrees c. r. equi survived better in a neutral soil (ph 7.3) than it did in two acid soils (ph less than 5.5). it grew substantially better in soils enriched with faeces than in soils alone. simple organic acids in horse dung, especially acetate and propionate, appear to be important in supporting growth of r. equi in the environment. the ecology of r. equi can be best ... | 1987 | 3672866 |
| rhodococcus equi in fecal and environmental samples from kansas horse farms. | horse farms in kansas were surveyed for the incidence of rhodococcus equi. fecal specimens and soil or cobweb samples were collected from each farm and cultured on selective media. one control farm (with no history of r. equi infection), one farm which had an outbreak 3 and 4 years previously and 2 farms which had r. equi-infected foals that season were surveyed. in addition, fecal samples from 21 horses hospitalized in the kansas state university veterinary hospital were cultured. there was no ... | 1987 | 3672867 |
| experimental infection of mice with rhodococcus equi: differences in virulence between strains. | the growth kinetics in outbred mice of clinical and environmental isolates of rhodococcus equi were followed by serial bacterial enumeration of organ homogenates. clinical isolates multiplied until day 4 before being progressively cleared, but could still be recovered from the liver at 3-4 weeks post-infection. intravenous inoculation of clinical strains was associated with histopathological responses very similar to those elicited by intravenous infection with various facultative intracellular ... | 1987 | 3672868 |
| dynamics of equi-factor antibodies in sera of foals kept on farms with differing histories of rhodococcus equi pneumonia. | the occurrence of equi-factor antibodies in sera of mares and their foals was studied on two horse breeding farms, one of which (farm a) had a positive and the other (farm b) a negative history of r. equi infection of foals. the equi-factor neutralization (efn) and the reverse elek-ouchterlony (reo) precipitation were used as assays. on farm a, 25 mares positive in both tests (efn+ reo+) and 25 mares negative in both tests (efn- reo-) was chosen. on farm b, a group of 25 efn- reo+ mares and a gr ... | 1987 | 3672869 |
| rhodococcus equi: equine neutrophil chemiluminescent and bactericidal responses to opsonizing antibody. | the opsonic capacity of serum containing r. equi-specific antibody was compared with antibody-deficient sera using luminol-dependent chemilumenscence (ldcl) and bactericidal assays. these assays incorporated peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (pmnl) exposed to r. equi opsonized with neonatal equine pre-colostral serum (control) or serum from foals with r. equi infections (principal). all sera were complement inactivated at 56 degrees c for 30 min. bacteria were obtained f ... | 1987 | 3672870 |
| the interaction of rhodococcus equi and foal neutrophils in vitro. | polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (pmnl) from 8 healthy foals (2-14 weeks of age) and 2 foals with bacterial pneumonia were separated from whole blood using a 2 step percoll gradient. purified pmnl were tested for bactericidal function against rhodococcus equi and staphylococcus aureus in the presence of normal horse serum. the percentage uptake after a 15-min pre-incubation of pmnl and bacteria was also calculated. ultrastructural examination of the interaction of r. equi and normal foal ... | 1987 | 3672871 |
| electron microscopic investigation of intracellular events after ingestion of rhodococcus equi by foal alveolar macrophages. | it has been suggested that r. equi causes pulmonary disease in foals by persisting within the lung as a facultative intracellular parasite of alveolar macrophages. this paper describes an ultrastructural study of the intracellular events after ingestion of r. equi by foal alveolar macrophages, in an attempt to determine the mechanism of intracellular survival of r. equi. secondary lysosomes of alveolar macrophages recovered from foals by bronchoalveolar lavage were labelled with electron-dense f ... | 1987 | 3672872 |
| interaction of rhodococcus equi with phagocytic cells from r. equi-exposed and non-exposed foals. | the interaction of rhodococcus equi with alveolar macrophages from adult horses, foals experimentally exposed to r. equi (sensitized foals) and non-exposed foals was studied using in vitro bactericidal assays, cytochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy. it was demonstrated that r. equi is a facultative intracellular parasite, able to survive and multiply within the alveolar macrophages of the host by interfering with phagosome-lysosome fusion. opsonization of r. equi with antibod ... | 1987 | 3672873 |
| humoral immune response of foals to experimental infection with rhodococcus equi. | humoral immune response to rhodococcus equi in experimentally infected foals was studied with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) method. class-specific antibodies were measured by elisa in the sera of foals after intratracheal or oral inoculation with r. equi atcc 6939 or t 48 and in the lung washings of a foal after intratracheal inoculation or of normal horses. after intratracheal or oral inoculation with r. equi, serum antibodies were first detected in immunoglobulin g (igg) follow ... | 1987 | 3672874 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in 48 foals: response to antimicrobial therapy. | case records of 48 foals with pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi were reviewed. twenty of the 48 foals survived and 28 died or were euthanized. there was no significant difference between the survivors and non-survivors in the age of onset of illness, duration of illness prior to admission, the mean white blood cell (wbc) count, or the mean plasma fibrinogen content. all foals had r. equi isolated from a tracheobronchial aspirate or lung specimens obtained at necropsy. all organisms were suscepti ... | 1987 | 3672875 |
| [comparison of the sensitivity of rhodococcus rubropertinctus r, s and m variants to antibiotic action]. | comparison of sensitivity of 63 clones of r, s and m variants of rhodococcus rubropertinctus 104 to 6 antibiotics showed that sensitivity of the variants was similar only to erythromycin. their sensitivity to penicillin, streptomycin, chlortetracycline, rifampicin and actinomycin c was different. still, they preserved similar regularity: m cells were the most sensitive and r cells were the most resistant. there was a 1.5-3 fold difference in sensitivity of r and m variants to the antibiotics. th ... | 1987 | 3674838 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mycolic acids as an aid in laboratory identification of rhodococcus and nocardia species. | high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the p-bromophenacyl esters of mycolic acids from whole organisms gave chromatographic patterns that were useful in differentiation of rhodococcus and nocardia species. rhodococcus equi, r. erythropolis, and r. rhodochrous contained more-polar mycolic acids and were easily separated from the less-polar mycolic acid-containing species of r. sputi, r. bronchialis, r. corallinus, r. rubropertinctus, and r. terrae. the less-polar mycolic acid-contain ... | 1987 | 3693543 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography of mycolic acids as a tool in the identification of corynebacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, and mycobacterium species. | high-performance liquid chromatography of bromophenacyl esters of mycolic acid was used as an aid to assign a particular organism to one of four mycolic acid-containing genera. a gradient elution system, with methanol and chloroform, was used to distinguish representative mycolic acid patterns for the genera corynebacterium, rhodococcus, nocardia, and mycobacterium. | 1986 | 3700601 |
| quantitative aspects of fecal rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in foals. | quantitative aspects of fecal rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in newborn foals for 12 weeks after birth were investigated on two horse breeding farms. r. equi was found in the feces of foals during week 1 of life. the greatest numbers of r. equi were present in the feces of foals during the first 8 weeks of their lives, which coincides with the age when foals are most liable to be exposed to r. equi. | 1986 | 3700632 |
| [biological properties of the alpha-mannanase of rhodococcus erythropolis]. | when rhodococcus erythropolis is cultivated under the submerged conditions in a medium containing yeast mannan as a sole carbon source, it synthesizes exocellular alpha-mannanase which hydrolyzes alpha-1,2 and alpha-1,3 bonds in a mannan molecule. the alpha-mannanase of r. erythropolis exerts distinct lectin properties under the conditions which entirely exclude its enzyme activity. | 1986 | 3702779 |
| immunoglobulin and specific antibody responses to rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi infection in foals as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | humoral immune response to intestinal rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in horses was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. anti-r. equi immunoglobulin m (igm), igg, and iga antibodies were demonstrated in the healthy horse population. adult horse levels of anti-r. equi igm and igg antibodies were reached by 5 to 9 weeks of age in two healthy newborn foals. r. equi was recovered from the foals in the range of 10(3) to 10(4) per g of intestinal contents. a 1-week-old foal was infected wi ... | 1986 | 3711280 |
| nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by neutrophils of newborn foals, adult horses, and a foal infected with rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. | | 1986 | 3712901 |
| isolation of rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi and atypical mycobacteria from the lymph nodes of healthy pigs. | | 1986 | 3712907 |
| opportunistic lung infection caused by rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. | rhodococcus (formerly corynebacterium) equi, a common animal pathogen, can cause a slowly evolving pneumonia in humans, particularly immunocompromised people. the authors describe two patients; one with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. on chest radiographs, r. equi produces chronic, localized pulmonary opacities that can cavitate. the main differential diagnoses are tuberculosis and fungal infection. | 1986 | 3715049 |
| distribution and application of mycobactins for the characterization of species within the genus rhodococcus. | representatives of 11 species of rhodococcus were examined for their ability to synthesize mycobactin, a lipid-soluble siderophore, following iron-limited growth on solidified glycerol/asparagine medium. rhodococcus bronchialis, r. terrae and r. rubropertinctus formed mycobactins, whereas the remaining species (r. coprophilus, r. equi, r. erythropolis, r. rhodnii, r. rhodochrous, r. ruber, r. maris and r. luteus) failed to synthesize these compounds even under conditions of strictly iron-limited ... | 1986 | 3734753 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in cats. | | 1986 | 3739179 |
| ecology of rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in soil on a horse-breeding farm. | the ecology of rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in soil was studied on a horse-breeding farm. r. equi was cultured from soil at a depth of 0, 10, and 20 cm on the six sites of the farm at monthly intervals for 10 months from march to december of 1983. the highest numbers of r. equi were found in the surface soil. the mean number of bacteria in soil samples at every depth increased remarkably from 0 or 10(2) to 10(4) colony-forming units (cfu) g-1 of soil in the middle of april, and later decre ... | 1986 | 3750818 |
| use of neomycin for treatment of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | | 1986 | 3753344 |
| bronchoalveolar phagocytic cell response to pulmonary infection of mice with rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. | | 1986 | 3761775 |
| a novel glycosphingolipid-degrading enzyme cleaves the linkage between the oligosaccharide and ceramide of neutral and acidic glycosphingolipids. | a novel glycosphingolipid-degrading enzyme was found in the cultured supernatant of rhodococcus sp. g-74-2. it was purified 34.7-fold from the supernatant with 32.2% recovery by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by sephadex g-100 chromatography. the enzyme was demonstrated capable of cleaving the linkage between the oligosaccharide and ceramide of various acidic and neutral glycosphingolipids, producing intact oligosaccharides and ceramides. however, it was noted to hardly make any attack ... | 1986 | 3771534 |
| pleural effusion due to rhodococcus equi. | | 1986 | 3772172 |
| quantitative fecal culture for early diagnosis of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi enteritis in foals. | quantitative culture of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi from feces of 17 foals on a farm (a) with an endemic c. equi infection problem and 26 foals on a farm (b) without the disease in the past decade was done with a selective medium at weekly or monthly intervals from april to august of 1984. corynebacterium equi was observed in the feces of 16 of 17 foals on farm a, and 19 of 26 foals on farm b. the mean viable count of c. equi in one gram of feces was 4.1 +/- 3.7 (log10) on farm a, and 3.9 ... | 1986 | 3791074 |
| dechlorination and para-hydroxylation of polychlorinated phenols by rhodococcus chlorophenolicus. | in this paper we show that a polychlorophenol degrader rhodococcus chlorophenolicus pcp-i initially attacked polychlorinated phenols (pentachlorophenol, 2,3,4,5-, 2,3,4,6-, and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol, and 2,3,5- and 2,3,6-trichlorophenol) by tetra- or trichlorohydroquinone-producing para-hydroxylation. the novel hydroxyl group was set in position 4, whether or not a substrate had chlorine substituent in this position. the hydroxyl was in each case derived from water molecules, as was shown by ... | 1987 | 3804972 |
| [strain differences in granuloma formation in mice in response to mycolic acid-containing glycolipids of some species of nocardia and rhodococcus]. | | 1986 | 3820572 |
| [regulation of terephthalate catabolism in rhodococcus rubropertinctus]. | the regulation of terephthalate catabolism was studied in rhodococcus rubropertinctus which decomposed this synthetic monomer. the pathway (a) of terephthalate (tp) catabolism is as follows: tp----benzoate----4-hydroxybenzoate----protocatechuate----pyrocatechol-- --cycle ortho-cleavage. the following results were obtained when studying why two other catabolic pathways were realized if benzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate were taken as a sole carbon source, namely, (b) benzoate----pyrocatechol----cycle ... | 1986 | 3821594 |
| nucleotide sequence of 5s ribosomal rna from rhodococcus erythropolis. | | 1987 | 3822809 |
| correlation of in vitro properties of rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi with virulence for mice. | to study the virulence of rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi, seven atcc strains of different serotypes were tested for their ld50 in mice, clearance of the organism from the lungs and spleen following intravenous or intratracheal inoculation, and in vitro interaction with murine peritoneal macrophages. strains atcc 33704 and 33705 were virulent for mice and multiplied in the lungs and spleen, resulting in death of the animal in 5 days. the other five strains were avirulent for mice. the number ... | 1985 | 3831718 |
| degradation of dimethylterephthalate by a rhodococcus species. | | 1985 | 3879602 |
| bacteriological methods for distinguishing between human and animal faecal pollution of water: results of fieldwork in nigeria and zimbabwe. | bacteriological techniques have traditionally been used to detect faecal pollution of drinking water supplies. recently, methods have been developed to distinguish between human and animal faecal pollution in temperate climates. the present study assessed the applicability and practicality of these methods in tropical countries. fieldwork in nigeria and zimbabwe has shown that animal faecal pollution can reliably be identified by the detection and enumeration of rhodococcus coprophilus using mod ... | 1985 | 3910299 |
| serodiagnostics of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi. | | 1985 | 3922172 |
| two techniques for detection of antibodies against corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi in horse sera. | two techniques were developed to detect antibodies against the exosubstance of c. equi called equi-factor. in the first technique serum samples are tested against native equi-factor produced by the growth of c. equi on agar medium. a positive result is manifested by the development of precipitation lines. the second test is based on neutralization of prepurified equi-factor by antibody, resulting in the inhibition of its hemolytic synergism with staphylococcal beta toxin. sera (125 samples) from ... | 1985 | 3923693 |
| immunodiffusion and lipid analyses in the classification of "mycobacterium album" and the "aurantiaca" taxon. | comparative immunodiffusion studies were performed on representative strains of "mycobacterium album", the "aurantiaca" taxon and an "aurantiaca"-like group of actinomycetes, using reference systems representing 25 taxa assigned to the genera arthrobacter, corynebacterium, kurthia, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, streptomyces and the "aurantiaca" taxon. thin-layer chromatographic analyses of whole-organism methanolysates were carried out on single strains of "mycobacterium album" and the " ... | 1985 | 3923731 |
| analysis of cellular fatty acids by gas chromatography as a tool in the identification of medically important coryneform bacteria. | the fatty acid methyl esters of nineteen unidentified pathogenic coryneform bacteria were analysed by gas-liquid chromatography and the resulting profiles were compared with those of type or reference strains of possibly related species, namely caseobacter polymorphus, corynebacterium bovis, c. diphtheriae, c. xerosis and rhodococcus equi. all of the strains had distinct fatty acid profiles but most of them conformed to a general pattern, with high levels of octadecanoic acids and only trace amo ... | 1985 | 3924876 |
| glutathione-independent isomerization of maleylpyruvate by bacillus megaterium and other gram-positive bacteria. | maleylpyruvate, the ring fission product of gentisic acid, was found to be isomerized to fumarylpyruvate without a requirement for glutathione by an enzyme activity found in cell extracts of m-hydroxybenzoate-grown bacillus megaterium 410. the isomerization reaction was detected as a shift in the absorbance maximum from 330 nm, the maximum for maleylpyruvate, to 345 nm, the maximum for fumarylpyruvate, when assayed at ph 8.0. ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis of b. megaterium cell extr ... | 1985 | 3926749 |
| infection with rhodococcus equi in aids. | | 1986 | 3940319 |
| characterization of phages derived from strains of rhodococcus australis and r. equii. | rhodococcus australis strain csir-a201 and r. equii strain csir-a655 spontaneously liberated phages a and b, respectively. the phages have different host ranges, but both infect r. rubropertinctus atcc 14352. phage infection of strains resulted in stable lysogeny. the phages have similar morphologies and belong to the family styloviridae. the dna restriction enzyme patterns of the phages differ and do not correspond to those of actinophage phi ec. these temperate phages did not transduce prototr ... | 1985 | 3980185 |
| menaquinone composition of mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes and some sporoactinomycetes. | the menaquinones of 141 actinomycetes representing the genera caseobacter, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus and some related taxa lacking mycolic acids were examined by mass spectrometry. the mycolic acid-containing strains were assigned to four groups on the basis of the predominant isoprenologue detected: rhodococcus coprophilus, r. equi, r. erythropolis, r. globerulus, r. rhodnii, r. rhodochrous and r. ruber contained dihydrogenated menaquinones with eight isoprene units; nocardia asteroi ... | 1985 | 3980298 |
| susceptibility of equine bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. | in vitro antimicrobic susceptibility patterns of commonly isolated aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens of equine origin were determined, using the agar-plate dilution method. all organisms were recent clinical isolates and included corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi, corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, (coagulase positive) staphylococcus sp, streptococcus equi, streptococcus zooepidemicus, actinobacillus sp, enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, p ... | 1985 | 3994111 |
| bacterial interactions in bovine respiratory and reproductive infections. | the ability of the aerobic bacterial flora from the normal bovine respiratory and reproductive tracts to enhance or inhibit the growth of pasteurella haemolytica, p. multocida, and haemophilus somnus was tested in vitro. six strains of each of these pathogens were cross streaked with each isolate of bovine normal flora. flora which enhanced the growth of these pathogenic bacteria outnumbered inhibitors four to one. an intermediate number of isolates produced no effect on pathogen growth. most en ... | 1985 | 3998115 |
| corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis exotoxin: fatal hemolytic anemia induced in gnotobiotic neonatal small ruminants by parenteral administration of preparations containing exotoxin. | inoculation of live corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, culture supernatant, ammonium sulfate-fractionated crude exotoxin, or chromatographically purified exotoxin preparations into gnotobiotic small ruminants (n = 13) caused death of the ruminants within 48 hours. characteristic changes observed in animals living greater than or equal to 2 hours after inoculation included hemorrhage and edema at the site of injection, severe hemolytic anemia and hemoglobinuria, dark red fluid in body cavities, ... | 1985 | 4003896 |
| the incidence of rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in domestic animals and soil. | | 1985 | 4032938 |
| meningitis caused by gordona aurantiaca (rhodococcus aurantiacus). | in a case of hairy cell leukemia, gordona aurantiaca (rhodococcus aurantiacus) was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid as the pathogen responsible for lethal infection of the central nervous system. the pathogen had been isolated previously from one case of pulmonary infection process only. | 1985 | 4044805 |
| cefadroxil in the horse: pharmacokinetics and in vitro antibacterial activity. | sodium cefadroxil was administered as a single intravenous dose (25 mg/kg) to six healthy adult mares. plasma samples were collected over a 24-h period and cefadroxil concentrations were measured by microbiological assay. the pharmacokinetic behavior of the drug was appropriately described in terms of a one-compartment open model. values for the major pharmacokinetic terms were: extrapolated initial plasma concentration = 59.2 +/- 15.0 micrograms/ml; half-life = 46 +/- 20 min; apparent volume of ... | 1985 | 4057345 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi infection in foals. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to diagnose corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi infection in foals. in tests done with different antigen-extraction procedures (sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium deoxycholate, polyoxy-ethylene [9] p-tert-octylphenol, polyoxy-ethylene [9-10] p-tert-octylphenol, sonification, homogenization, and heat treatment at 121 c), tween 20 was a satisfactory reactive antigen. using hyperimmune rabbit sera or infected foal sera, we investigated the specificit ... | 1985 | 4062024 |
| further studies on thymidine kinase: distribution pattern of the enzyme in bacteria. | various micro-organisms (131 strains of 73 species) were studied for their ability to produce thymidine kinase (tk; ec 2.7.1.21). taking the specific tk activity of escherichia coli k12 [specific activity of sonicated cell extracts 95-194 pmol min-1 (mg protein)-1] as 100%, the test organisms had the following relative specific tk activities. in the gram-positive cocci, staphylococcus aureus (21-84%) showed higher activity than staph. epidermidis (1-20%) and streptococcus (1-7%) except for one s ... | 1985 | 4093763 |
| [periodic macromolecule syntheses in synchronized cultures of species belonging to the "rhodococcus" genus ("rhodochrous" group) (author's transl)]. | the synthesis of total proteins, total rna and dna in exponential synchronous cultures of species belonging to the rhodococcus genus (nocardia restricta and n. canicruria) has been studied by chemical methods and pulsed incorporations of labelled precursors in the acid-insoluble fraction. the replication of dna is discontinuous. syntheses of rna and proteins are periodic: they happen during two main periods during the time necessary for a doubling of the cell mass. a slowdown of these syntheses ... | 1980 | 6155818 |
| ribosomal ribonucleic acid similarities in the classification of rhodococcus and related taxa. | duplexes were prepared between 14c-labelled rrna from both rhodococcus equi c7 and rhodococcus rhodochrous n54 and dna from 16 actinomycetes representing the genera rhodococcus, mycobacterium, nocardia, saccharopolyspora and streptomyces. the relationships between the organisms were determined by plotting the temperature at which 50% of the duplex was denatured (tm(e)) against the percentage of rrna binding (microgram 14c-labelled rrna duplexed per 100 micrograms filter-bound dna). all of the st ... | 1980 | 6160195 |
| differentiation between the genera rhodococcus and nocardia and between species of the genus mycobacterium by susceptibility to bleomycin. | | 1982 | 6185624 |
| fine structural studies of rhodococcus species. | fine structural aspects of rhodococcus rhodochrous and r. equi are described and illustrated by electron micrographs after staining of cells by a variety of electron cytochemical procedures. the cell contents of these actinomycetous bacteria were those of a typical prokaryotic cell and consistent with that observed for other species of the actinomycetales. fixation with either osmium tetroxide or permanganate indicated the presence of an electron opaque substance at the wall exterior of r. rhodo ... | 1983 | 6191182 |
| sensitivity to capreomycin and prothionamide in strains of mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, and related taxa for taxonomical purposes. | sensitivity to capreomycin and to prothionamide was analysed for 150 strains belonging to the genera mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, and related taxa. the analyses showed, e.g., that strains of mycobacterium chelonei and nocardia brasiliensis were more resistant to capreomycin than the other strains tested and that m. farcinogenes differed from m. senegalense concerning sensitivity to this drug. the analysis showed, furthermore, that strains of mycobacterium differ from those of nocardia, ... | 1983 | 6196927 |
| investigation of the survival characteristics of rhodococcus coprophilus and certain fecal indicator bacteria. | rhodococcus coprophilus and clostridium perfringens survived in fresh water samples held at 5, 20, and 30 degrees c for over 17 weeks, whereas escherichia coli and fecal streptococci disappeared after 5 weeks at all three temperatures. r. coprophilus survived for more than 8 months in sterilized sewage and deionized water at all three temperatures, whereas in normal sewage held at 20 degrees c, the survival time was 12 to 26 weeks. in samples held at 30 degrees c, survival times were shorter, pr ... | 1983 | 6312883 |
| recurrent skin infection with rhodococcus in an immunosuppressed patient. | a renal transplant patient taking prednisone and azathioprine has had repeated episodes of skin infection with the soil saphrophyte rhodococcus. human disease with this organism has not been proved before. although the lesions have always responded to antibiotics, frequent recurrence makes the long-term outlook uncertain. | 1983 | 6350469 |
| crossreactivity between mycobacterium leprae and various actinomycetes and related organisms. | serological crossreactivity was analyzed between m. leprae and strains of various species of corynebacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, streptomyces, and related organisms. m. leprae shares antigens with most of these organisms, and sera from patients with lepromatous leprosy contain antibodies against them. the results demonstrate that m. leprae shares more antigens with the mycobacteria than with strains of the other tested genera, thus supporting the view that the leprosy organism ... | 1983 | 6352526 |
| rapid microbiochemical identification of corynebacterium diphtheriae and other medically important corynebacteria. | a rapid biochemical method based on the fermentation of carbohydrates, the hydrolysis of urea, and the reduction of nitrate was used to identify corynebacterium diphtheriae, c. ulcerans, c. pseudodiphtheriticum, c. haemolyticum, c. pseudotuberculosis, c. pyogenes, c. ovis, the centers for disease control jk group, and rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. with this procedure identification was confirmed for 133 stock cultures and clinical isolates of corynebacteria. most were identified within 1 h ... | 1983 | 6355166 |
| thymidine kinase of bacteria: activity of the enzyme in actinomycetes and related organisms. | various micro-organisms were studied for their thymidine kinase (adenosine 5'-triphosphate:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.21) (tk) activity. the sonicated cell extract of escherichia coli k12 had a tk activity of 35-66 pmol thymidine monophosphate formed min-1 (mg protein)-1. the cell extracts of salmonella typhimurium and klebsiella pneumoniae showed a markedly higher (5- to 11-fold) tk activity. somewhat lower but significant tk activity was detected in the cell extracts of staphylo ... | 1984 | 6381650 |
| [biochemical differentiation of the "listeria monocytogenes" (sensu lato) genomic groups]. | camp-tests with staphylococcus aureus and rhodococcus equi and acid production from d-xylose allowed to separate the five dna relatedness groups described for listeria monocytogenes sensu lato; acid production from l-rhamnose and alpha-methyl-d-mannoside are secondary markers. | 1983 | 6405670 |
| immunodiffusion analyses of some diphtheroid organisms isolated from patients with leprosy. | eight strains of diphtheroid bacteria isolated from patients with leprosy were analyzed by immunodiffusion, using precipitation systems representing various species of corynebacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, and related organisms. the analyses showed that six of the eight strains shared several antigens with representatives of these four genera. the largest number of shared precipitinogens was revealed when the corynebacterial precipitation systems were used, thus indicating that ... | 1983 | 6413437 |
| identification key for coryneform bacteria derived by numerical taxonomic studies. | six main groups were formed from a complete linkage dendrogram on 557 bacteria tested for 53 physiological features. the organisms were obtained from culture collections and included representatives of the following genera: arthrobacter, brevibacterium, caseobacter, cellulomonas, corynebacterium, curtobacterium, micrococcus, microbacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia, oerskovia and rhodococcus. the six groups were individually subjected to a numerical taxonomic analysis based on linkage maps, which ... | 1983 | 6413644 |
| cross-reactivity between mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv and various actinomycetes and related organisms. | one hundred and forty-one strains of actinomycetales and related organisms were investigated by immunodiffusion for the presence of antigens which cross-react with the antigens of m. tuberculosis h37rv. the test strains comprised 86 different species names and 20 different genus names; they were mainly environmental organisms isolated from soil, plants, animals and such like. more than 90% of these strains were shown to have one or more antigens in common with the tubercle bacillus, and 77% had ... | 1983 | 6415879 |
| gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of mycolic acids as a tool in the identification of medically important coryneform bacteria. | the mycolic acid derivatives of 11 unidentified pathogenic coryneform bacteria were examined by tlc, glc and glc-mass spectrometry. the resulting mycolic acid profiles of the unidentified isolates were compared with those of type or reference strains of possibly related coryneform species, namely corynebacterium bovis, c. diphtheriae, c. xerosis and rhodococcus equi. it was apparent that most of the unidentified strains showed a distinctive mycolic acid profile, with predominant amounts of relat ... | 1984 | 6427401 |
| isonicotinic acid hydrazide induced changes and inhibition in mycolic acid synthesis in nocardia and related taxa. | the mycolic acid compositions of nocardia rubra and related bacteria grown in media containing different concentrations of antituberculous isonicotinic acid hydrazide (inh) were determined in detail by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. on the basis of molecular species composition, average carbon numbers of mycolic acids were calculated. in nocardia rubra, n. lutea and rhodococcus rhodochrous ifo-13161, the ratio of mycolic to non-mycolic fatty acids and the average carbon numbers of mycolic ... | 1984 | 6428369 |
| [free mycolic acids of the cells of coryneform and nocardia-like bacteria]. | the composition of free mycolic acids was studied in the cells of brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6871, b. flavum 22, b. stationis atcc 14403, corynebacterium divaricatum atcc 14020 and rhodococcus maris imv 195. the acids are a mixture of saturated and unsaturated compounds with the total number of carbon atoms from 32 to 36 and the number of c atoms in the alpha-chain from 10 to 15. | 1984 | 6431238 |
| serotaxonomical analyses of strains referred to nocardia amarae and rhodococcus equi. | four strains of nocardia amarae and four strains of rhodococcus equi (earlier designated corynebacterium equi) were analysed by means of the comparative immunodiffusion technique for taxonomical purposes. nineteen reference precipitation systems, representing different species of corynebacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, streptomyces, and related taxa were employed. the n. amarae strains differed serologically from the reference strains of nocardia and their assignment to the latter ... | 1984 | 6442818 |
| the fate of methoxychlor in soils and transformation by soil microorganisms. | methoxychlor was found to be sufficiently persistent in soil and its residues were present even 18 months after the soil treatment. saprophytes, fungi and actinomyces were unaffected by varying concentrations of methoxychlor, azotobacter however was susceptable. soil strains isolated did not utilize methoxychlor as a sole carbon source except for 9 cultures belonging to the genera bacillus, acinetobacter and rhodococcus which carried out the complete dechlorination, demethylation and splitting o ... | 1984 | 6491174 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi pneumonia is diagnosed by thoracic auscultation, radiographic and hematologic examination, and transtracheal aspiration. treatment may be unsuccessful because of the organism's tendency to cause pulmonary abscesses. a 2-month-old, depressed, anorectic, febrile quarter horse colt, previously unresponsive to penicillin therapy, had loud, moist breath sounds in the ventral lung fields. chest radiographs revealed pneumonia. based on culture and sensitivity tests on ... | 1984 | 6504018 |
| effect of rhodococcus equi on equine polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. | a procedure was developed for isolating large numbers of purified polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) from the peripheral blood of horses. equine pmn function was evaluated by three procedures: 1) staphylococcus aureus ingestion, 2) nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, and 3) iodination. four preparations of r. equi were added to polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) in each test system. live bacteria, heat-killed bacteria, the washed pellet from heat-killed bacteria, and the supernatant fluid from he ... | 1984 | 6506452 |
| equine cell-mediated immune response to rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. | a lymphocyte blastogenic assay was developed to serve as an in vitro correlate of cell-mediated immunity to rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi (r equi) in the equine species. lymphocytes obtained from a group of experimental ponies showed no response in cell culture to r equi heat extract or lysozyme extract antigens. ponies were assigned to groups for experimental inoculation. three ponies were inoculated subcutaneously with live r equi, 3 were given live r equi by intranasal and intratracheal ... | 1984 | 6524738 |
| equine humoral immune response to rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to test equine serum for the presence of antibodies to rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. experimental ponies had no detectable antibody to r equi before exposure to the bacterium. after experimental inoculation, animals in groups that received live r equi subcutaneously or intranasally/intratracheally developed high titers to r equi. noninoculated controls remained seronegative. serum was also collected from horses of various ages that were na ... | 1984 | 6524739 |
| degradation of aniline and monochloroanilines by rhodococcus sp. an 117 and a pseudomonad: a comparative study. | two newly isolated aniline-degrading bacterial strains were characterized with regard to their enzyme systems responsible for aniline catabolism. one of them identified as a rhodococcus sp. metabolized aniline exclusively via the beta-ketoadipate pathway by means of inducible enzymes. the aniline-degrading enzyme system of the second isolate, presumably a pseudomonad, was shown to consist of an inducible aniline-converting enzyme and constitutive meta-pathway enzymes. both isolates failed to met ... | 1983 | 6613168 |
| [circumstances leading to the establishment of genus rhodococcus]. | | 1983 | 6655873 |
| virulence of rhodococcus equi for mice. | | 1983 | 6656069 |
| serogrouping of rhodococcus equi. | the serological relationships among 27 isolates of rhodococcus equi selected from a total of 1,195 isolates were investigated by cross-agglutination and absorption tests. the presence of capsular material was demonstrated in all the 27 isolates by electron microscopic observation. antisera were prepared by employing formalized antigen of each isolate. in the cross-agglutination test with formalized antigen, 13 antisera reacted with homologous antigens alone, but the remaining 14 antisera reacted ... | 1983 | 6669074 |