| a radioimmunoassay of cellular surface antigens on living cells using iodinated soluble protein a from staphylococcus aureus. | soluble protein a from staphylococcus aureus does carry great promise as a marker for cellular surface determinants, due to its specific reaction with, and high affinity for, most subclasses of mammalian igg. in this article we present the different parameters involved in a radioimmunoassay using 125-i-labelled protein a. using such an approach the actual technical procedures involved are reported in detail together with tests for mammalian alloantigens, including hl-a in the human, h-2 in the m ... | 1975 | 49379 |
| staphylococcus aureus transmitted in transplanted kidneys. | staphylococcus aureus septicaemia developed shortly after transplantation in both recipients of transplanted kidneys from a donor who had received electrical burns. in each case the organism appeared initially in the urine. all staphylococci isolated were phage type 6/47/54/75. transplant nephrectomy was necessary in both recipients because of complications of infection, and one recipient died. these results draw attention to the possible significance of staph. aureus in the urine of recipients ... | 1975 | 49795 |
| induction of histamine release and densensitization in human leukocytes. | protein a from staphylococcus aureus has been found to react with all human leukocyte preparations tested. in 70 percent of the experiments the reaction leads to histamine release. furthermore, protein a treatment of cells at 37 degrees c, both in complete and ca-2+-free medium, results in the inhibition of anti-ige-induced histamine release in all cell preparations, indicating that protein a and anti-ige antibodies release histamine from the same cells. this inhibition seems to be due to the bl ... | 1975 | 49918 |
| immunochemical analysis of a smith-like antigen isolated from two human strains of staphylococcus aureus. | a surface antigen consisting of aminoglucuronic acid and n-acetyl-l-alanine was isolated from the culture filtrates of two human strains of staphylococcus aureus. double diffusion analysis in agar suggested that the antigen is immunologically similar to the alanyl-aminoglucuronic acid capsule of the smith strain of s. aureus. quantitative precipitin inhibition studies indicated that n-acetyl-l-alanine is the immunodominant determinant of the acidic antigen. in addition, conjugates consisting of ... | 1975 | 50368 |
| staphylococcal food poisoning aboard a commercial aircraft. | on feb. 3, 1975, 196 (57%) of 344 passengers and 1 steward aboard a commercial aircraft contracted a gastrointestinal illness characterised by nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhoea; 142 passengers and the steward were admitted to hospital. symptoms developed shortly after a ham and omelette breakfast had been served. an investigation strongly incriminated ham as the vehicle of the outbreak, and the source seems to have been a cook with lesions on his fingers. the attack-rate was 86% ... | 1975 | 51419 |
| new familial defect in microbicidal function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes. | a family is described in which a defect in intracellular killing affected two, and probably three, siblings of both sexes. from an early age they have had recurrent severe infections. during these episodes their white-blood-cell count became very high. this familial disorder seems to differ from previously reported syndromes of abnormal leucocyte function. | 1975 | 52003 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococci 1965-75. | methicillin resistance in staphylococcus aureus has been one of the major problems of gram positive infections in hospitals in the zurich area. up to 1971, about 20% of staphylococcal disease was caused by these peculiar organisms. since 1972, however, a gradual decrease in the number of methicillin-resistant organisms has been observed, with an unprecedented low of 3% in 1975. the nearly 700 methicillin-resistant cultures that have isolated since 1965 exhibited, with rare exceptions, convention ... | 1975 | 52016 |
| [serological studies on staph. aureus strains from various processes of a disease of human origin (author's transl)]. | this paper deals with serological studies on 332 staph. aureus strains of human origin having been isolated from various sources. on the basis of typing with 17 factor sera, a great number of groups and types was obtained occurring among the strains of several processes of a disease without showing special serological structural formulae which would have been typical for pathological changes of certain localisation. but still deviations have been observed between the strains of most of the serie ... | 1975 | 52246 |
| partial characterisation of an inhibitor of streptolysin o produced by bacterial growth in serum. | an inhibitor of streptolysin o is generated in human and animal sera by the growth of certain organisms. the ability to do this occurs most often in pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus (in 90% and 86% of strains respectively), but in only 32% of staph. epidermidis strains. the inhibitor is not formed in broth. the effect appears slowly on incubation, with maximum activity after 4-7 days. evidence suggests that two enzymes are involved, an esterase which splits ester-bound cholestero ... | 1975 | 54429 |
| gentamicin resistance in staphylococcus aureus. | a clinical isolate of staphylococcus aureus was resistant to gentamicin, kanamycin, and tobramycin by virtue of the production of a drug-inactivating enzyme. attempts to establish the cellular location of the genetic determinants for enzyme synthesis have given equivocal results. | 1976 | 54520 |
| letter: ampicillin resistance in staphylococci. | | 1976 | 54715 |
| the influence of phosphatidyl serine on the release of histamine from isolated rat mast cells induced by different agents. | the influence of phosphatidyl serine (ps) on histamine release from isolated rat mast cells induced by antigen, compound 48/80, adenosine-5'-triphosphate (atp), the ionophore a23187, and decylamine was studied. ps enhanced antigen-induced release but inhibited the release caused by compound 48/80, a23187, and decylamine. ps did not influence the release induced by atp. the different effects of ps on the action of the various histamine releasing agents do not conform to a unifying model for the a ... | 1975 | 55064 |
| cell-mediated immune response in mice treated with steroidal contraceptives. | the splenomegaly assay (simonsen, 1962) was standardized using different strains of rats and mice. male wistar rat (donor)-female swiss mouse (host) was found to be the suitable combination that could be employed in subsequent experiments to study the potential of contraceptive steroids to alter cmir. the index of splenomegaly appeared to increase in case of mice treated with combination oral contraceptives (ovulen, ovral or enovid). the differences observed, however, neared significance only in ... | 1975 | 55327 |
| biological effects of carbon monoxide vs. whole emissions from engine with catalyst. | | 1976 | 55426 |
| analysis of cell-surface markers with staphylococcal protein a: fluorescence studies on mammalian lymphoid determinants. | membrane antigens including different classes of immunoglobulins, transplantation antigens, beta2-microglobulin, t lymphocyte specific antigens, and virally determined surface components were investigated using fluorescein-labeled staphylococcal protein a in combination with cytofluorometric studies. lymphocytes of seven species: mouse, rat, guinea pig, pig, cow, monkey, and human, and of ten human lymphoma-derived lines were tested. analysis of the differential expression of surface markers rev ... | 1976 | 55446 |
| diminished effect of gentamicin under anaerobic or hypercapnic conditions. | the in-vitro activity of gentamicin, judged by m.i.c. determinations, was much reduced when a normal aerobic atmosphere was replaced either by air +4% co2 or by anaerobic conditions. the phenomenon was greatest for staphylococcus aureus, where a decrease in activity of up to 20-fold was found. for escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes, enterobacter spp., and proteus spp. the factor of decrease was between 15-fold and 2-5-fold. changes in medium ph, as a result of bacterial growth, can explain t ... | 1976 | 55718 |
| epidemic infection by a gentamicin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in three hospitals. | a staphylococcus aureus strain, resistant to aminoglycosides, including gentamicin and tobramycin, and to penicillin, lincomycin, and other antibiotics, caused an outbreak of hospital infection in a surgical ward which spread to the intensive-therapy unit and to two other hospitals. 21 patients were colonised and 9 of these had overt clinical infection. administration of antibiotics to which the staphylococcus was resistant was associated with colonisation. the use of gentamicin, tobramycin, and ... | 1976 | 55729 |
| [effect of the antistaphylococcal gamma-globulin and its combinations with solafur on penicillinase activity of staphylococci]. | | 1975 | 55946 |
| induction of histamine release and desensitization in human leukocytes. | histamine release from normal human leukocytes can be induced by anti-ige or protein a from staphylococcus aureus. after incubation in buffer at 37 degrees c for various time intervals or repeated washings with buffer, or both procedures, the leukocytes lose most of their reactivity to protein a, whereas the reactivity to anti-ige is unaltered. cells deprived of their protein a reactivity can be induced to release histamine by igg complexed with protein a. maximal release (23%-81%) from 0.6-1.0 ... | 1975 | 56030 |
| [cytotoxic effects of a leukocidin from staphylococcus aureus (author's transl)]. | in an attempt to improve the assay of leukocidin from staphylococcus aureus a combined vital fluorochrome staining procedure with acridine organe and ethidium bromide was developed. it proved to be more suitable for the demonstration of leukocidic effects on leukocytes than phasecontrastmicroscopy. damaged leukocytes fluoresced distinctly red and undamaged leukocytes green. with the fluorochrome-method leukocidic changes became also evident in some lymphocytes. these were not clearly demonstrate ... | 1975 | 56107 |
| fetal syphilis in the first trimester. | evidenc of first-trimester fetal syphilis was sought in the products of conception in a therapeutic abortion clinic. during two collection periods of one week, five patients with serologic and clinical data consistent with recent syphilitic infection were identified. their conceptuses were carefully examined by silver and immunofluorescent stains for the presence of treponema pallidum. two of these five conceptuses (9 and 10 weeks' gestation) were found to contain t. pallidum by these methods. t ... | 1976 | 56895 |
| retrograde axonal transport of antibody to dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. | | 1976 | 56975 |
| automatic gram-staining with the microstainer ii. | a comparison was made between the microstainer ii, an automatic staining machine, and the traditional, manual gram-staining method using clinical material and known organisms in a double blind study. gram-reactions were in agreement with 98.4% of the organisms. the machine-stained microorganisms were generally found to be of the same or better quality than manually-stained organisms. transfer of bacteria from slide to slide or smear to smear was not a significant problem. the microstainer ii wou ... | 1976 | 57106 |
| effects of hypothalamic lesions on levels of plasma free fatty acids in the mallard duck. | plasma free fatty acid (ffa) levels were measured in the mallard duck (anas platyrhynchos) following hypothalamic lesions at various sites. the results indicate that ventromedial lesions produced hyperphagia, increased deposition of fat, and significantly elevated levels of plasma ffa. anterior bilateral lesions resulted in aphagia, severe loss in body weight and a marked decrease in plasma ffa. lesions in other regions of the hypothalamus produced various changes depending upon the extent of d ... | 1975 | 57744 |
| a serial study of pregnancy proteins in primigravidae. | the plasma concentrations from four 'pregnancy proteins' and three steroid hormones have been measured throughout pregnancy in 15 primigravidae. two of the proteins, human placental lactogen (hpl) and pregnancy-specific beta1-glycoprotein (psbetag), are specific for pregnancy and correlate well with the stage of gestation. it is suggested that measurement of psbetag may be useful in assessing feto-placental wellbeing. neither of the pregnancy-associated proteins, steriod-binding beta-globulin (s ... | 1976 | 57799 |
| current questions on the tumour-associated antigens of chemically-induced tumours ii. in search of practical uses. | with special reference to tumours which were chemically-induced in animals, we present a brief review on the applicability of the results obtained, as to immunoprophylaxis and to immunotherapy. a search is made onto what are the mostly representative animal models for human studies. from the present available data, experimental chemically-induced bladder and colonic tumours seem to be the "best" models for human counterparts. | 1976 | 57809 |
| method for identifying salmonella and shigella directly from the primary isolation plate by coagglutination of protein a-containing staphylococci sensitized with specific antibody. | a technique is described that allows presumptive identification of either salmonella or shigella organisms directly upon the original isolation plate, in this case, macconkey agar. this was accomplished by applying a drop of specifically sensitized protein a-containing staphylococcus aureus over a "suspected" colony or several colonies of organisms grown on macconkey agar. the plate is tilted to and fro to allow mixing of the particles with specific antigen that ir readily solubilized from the c ... | 1976 | 57969 |
| [electron microscopic investigations on encapsulated staphylococci (author's transl)]. | attempts were made to study the surface of encapsulated staphylococci by electron microscopy. after fixation with osmium tetroxide the encapsulated staphylococci showed a "hazy" cell-surface, possibly because of capsular components (fig. 1). on the other hand, the nonencapsulated staphylococci exposed a "smooth" surface of the cell wall (fig 1). similar findings were obtained after the immuneferritintechnique (fig 2). the staphylococcal capsules could be clearly demonstrated by the "negative con ... | 1976 | 58503 |
| specialized junction in the distal convoluted tubule of rat kidney. | the ultrastructure and permeability of the apical junctions between epithelial cells of the distal nephron have been studied in rat kidney using a collidal lanthanum tracer and uranyl acetate staining en bloc. the apical intercellular junctions of the macula densa and juxtaglomerular segment of the early distal convoluted tubule measure up to 0.5 mu in length and about 50 a in width. lanthanum permeates the occluding portion of these junctions in a discontinuous manner, defining a series of clos ... | 1976 | 58570 |
| [application of microcalorimetry to enzyme kinetic studies]. | | 1975 | 58589 |
| [composition of lipids and proteins of two compounds isolated from infected mice: mouse mammary tumor virus and milk fat globule membrane]. | | 1975 | 58612 |
| termination of pregnancy by sheep anti-lhrh gamma globulin in rats. | the effect of the administration of sheep anti-lhrh gamma-globulin (anti-lhrhg) on the maintenance of pregnancy was investigated in rats. nidation was confirmed by laparotomy on day 7 or 8 of pregnancy. in one experiment, rats were then injected iv with 1 ml anti-lhrhg or normal sheep gamma-globulin (nsg) daily from days 7 to 11. the uteri were inspected again on day 14 of pregnancy, when it was found that complete resorption of the fetuses had occurred in the anti-lhrhg-treated rats, but that t ... | 1976 | 58780 |
| evaluation of a new technique for the demonstration of gonococci and other micro-organisms in host cells. | a method (gram-mgplg) for demonstrating micro-organisms was compared with gram and four other known methods. each method was tested on tissue infected with staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa or neisseria gonorrhoeae, which were then fixed in bouin's formol saline, formol sublimate, or van de grift solutions. gram-positive organisms in tissues were easily seen even at low magnification when stained by several of the methods tested. gram-negative organisms, however, are very difficult t ... | 1976 | 58874 |
| an improved method for isolation of h-2 and ia alloantigens with immunoprecipitation induced by protein a-bearing staphylococci. | mouse alloantigens, including the histocompatibility (h-2) and immune response linked (ia) antigen molecules, can be readily isolated by a new precipitation technique utilizing protein a-bearing, fixed staphylococci. the antigens are prepared by radiolabeling mouse spleen cells with 3h-leucine, solubilizing with the non-ionic detergent non-idet p-40, and purifying by affinity chromatography with lentil lectin coupled to sapharose. the antigen preparations are mixed with appropriate alloantisera, ... | 1976 | 58931 |
| the cutaneous reactions to kallikrein, prostaglandin and thurfyl nicotinate in chronic urticaria and the effect of polyphloretin phosphate. | the erythema and wealing resulting from the application of thurfyl nicotinate ointment (trafuril) and from the inoculation of kallikrein has been studied in patients with chronic urticaria and normal controls. polyphloretin phosphate (ppp) suppressed the reaction in controls but in patients with urticaria it increased the reactions to trafuril and had little effect on the kallikrein reaction. ppp also suppressed the pge2-induced erythma in normal controls but not in urticaria patients. in a sepa ... | 1976 | 59506 |
| streptozotocin and renal amyloidosis in the syrian hamster. | in the syrian hamster, administration of the drug streptozotocin was associated with an increased incidence and severity of renal amyloidosis. some of the more severely affected animals showed a frankly nephrotic picture. although some of the diseased animals showed decreased levels of serum albumin, no other definite changes in serum proteins were noted, nor was there any evidence of glomerular immunoglobulin or immune complex deposition. none of the lesions previously found after administratio ... | 1976 | 59551 |
| research in cystic fibrosis (third of three parts). | | 1976 | 59900 |
| kinetics of in vitro bovine keratohyalin synthesis. | a system is described for the study of the in vitro synthesis of bovine keratohyalin for periods of up to 24 h. keratohyalin granules appeared morphologically unaltered during culture, although histochemical stains for rna indicate a markedly diminished rna content by 6 h. incorporation of tritiated histidine began slowly, then became linear between 4 and 24 h in serum-containing media. however, following pre-incubation in serum-free media, increased incorporation occurred from time zero. the in ... | 1976 | 60121 |
| [characterization of flagella and flagellin of listeria monocytogenes. i. immunological investigations (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 60251 |
| letter: gentamicin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | | 1976 | 60662 |
| demonstration of the inhibitory effect of human alpha-fetoprotein on in vitro transformation of human lymphocytes. | we have studied the effects of human alpha-fetoprotein (hafp), isolated from the serum and ascitic fluid of a hepatoma-bearing patient, on the in vitro transformation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by a variety of mitogenic stimuli. at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml, hafp inhibited the lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin a, and rabbit anti-human thymocyte serum, but failed to inhibit the response to pokeweed mitogen. hafp was able to inhibit the one-way mixed lymphocyte ... | 1976 | 60761 |
| cellular events associated with the immunogenesis of anti-erythrocyte autoantibody responses of nzb mice. | | 1976 | 60813 |
| the v gene repertoire as revealed by polyclonal b cell activators. | the evidence for the one non-specific signal hypothesis stating that the b lymphocytes are activated by non-clonally distributed receptors which are not the ig receptors, have been summarized. even though protein a is a polyclonal b cell activator, it does not exert its effect by interacting with the fc part of ig receptors. one consequence of the one non-specific signal concept is that thymus-dependent antigens cannot activate or tolerize b cells. it was shown that b cells from animals tolerant ... | 1976 | 60905 |
| antigenic specificity of cell-mediated antitumor reaction in the msv system. | | 1975 | 60997 |
| [increase of resistance to pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice caused by staphylococcus aureus]. | in our study of opportunistic pathogens, we have some indication that staphylococcus aureus can increase resistance in mice against pseudomonas aeruginosa. intraperitoneal injections of sublethal doses of s. aureus had a protective effect in mice against lethal doses of p. aeruginosa, more so if living and coagulase-positive s. aureus strains were injected. this protective effect was obtained both with laboratory and freshly isolated hospital strains. the interval between these infections can be ... | 1976 | 61060 |
| isolation and characterization of phenotypes of mycobacteria. | several strains of mycobacteria grown as surface pellicle on liquid sauton's medium under semianaerobic conditions dissociated into three phenotypes: phenotypes 1, 2, and 3. only phenotype 1 could be obtained in a pure state. none of these phenotypes was found to be stable: they convert from one into another and all revert to the parental strain when replaced in their usual aerobic cultural conditions. comparative studies of phenotypes 1 and 3 have shown that significant differences exist in the ... | 1976 | 61062 |
| investigation of group-specific antigen during the culture of mc-29 hepatoma. | the short-time culture established from mc-29 chicken hepatoma was used for the analysis of cell morphology and expression of avian gs antigen. the content of gs antigen was not changed during the period of cultivation. two morphologically different types of cells were present in tested tumour cells. fluorescent antibody test showed the presence of gs antigen in both types of cells. | 1976 | 61136 |
| mouse virulent strain of staphylococcus epidermidis. relation of antiphagocytic activity to the protection-inducing antigen. | using 10(9) or 10(7) colony-forming units of a strain of staphylococcus epidermidis (strain 1142) in saline or 5% mucin, respectively, 90 to 100% of mice died within 24 to 48 hr after intraperitoneal challenge infection. these organisms gradually multiplied in the peritoneal cavity when injected intraperitoneally into mice, while the mouse avirulent strain (strain 1124) rapidly decreased and no organisms were found there 20 hr after injection. this strain was capable of inducing resistance again ... | 1976 | 61300 |
| rational choice of penicillins and cephalosporins based on parallel in-vitro and in-vivo tests. | because of the unavailability of strictly comparable data, seven representative penicillins and the five cephalosporins currently used in britain were evaluated in parallel, both in vitro and in vivo. penicillin sensitive and resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus and proteus mirabilis were the main test organisms. minimum bacteriocidal concentrations of cloxacillin, flucloxacillin, cephalothin, and cephazolin in serum were much higher than conventional minimum inhibitory concentrations in t ... | 1976 | 61353 |
| the effect of specific antibodies on the inhibition of leucocyte migration caused by staphylococcal peptidoglycan. | specific antibodies to the various antigenic determinants of staphylococcal peptidoglycan are tested for neutralization of the inhibiting effect of peptidoglycan on leucocyte migration. antibodies to the c-terminal d-ala-d-ala group of pentapeptides and to the c-terminal of the glycine bridge showed high neutralizing effect, whereas that of antibodies to the tetrapeptide and to the glycan chain was negligible. the observed neutralization of antibodies against the outermost parts of peptide chain ... | 1976 | 61706 |
| a gram stain for smears of blood cultures, body fluids and tissues. | a new gram stain method for blood cultures was adapted from a method for tissue sections. this was accomplished by comparing various modifications of the latter method on positive smears prepared from a 24-hour negative blood culture seeded with staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli. a blind study was then conducted using the new method and hucker's method on 24-hour and 72-hour blood cultures as well as a limited number of other body fluids and tissues. of the 35 positive blood cultures de ... | 1976 | 62513 |
| cytomegalovirus specific igm and igg response in humans studied by radioimmunoassay. | an indirect solid phase micro-radioimmunoassay (ria) was adapted for the measurement of anti-cytomegalovirus class-specific immunoglobulin m (igm) and immunoglobulin g (igg). cytomegalovirus (cmv) antigen (ag) was added to the wells of microtiter plates and desiccated onto the bottom surface of the wells. serial dilution of human cmv antisera were added and allowed to react with the ag. the amount of viral antibody (ab) was determined by measuring the specific binding of 125i-labeled goat anti-h ... | 1976 | 62802 |
| analysis of mononuclear cell surfaces with fluoresceinated staphylococcal protein a complexed with igg antibody of heat-aggregated gamma-globulin. | fluorescein-conjugated staphylococcal protein a (spa) was complexed with either: 1) heat-aggregated igg, 2) b cell specific antibody, or 3) t cell specific antibody and then used for an immunofluorescent analysis of mononuclear cell surfaces. cellular fc receptors failed to recognize the fc region of aggregated igg that had been blocked by spa. moreover, fluoresceinated spa that had been complexed either with anti-fab (b-cell specific) or t cell-specific antisera prevented the nonspecific bindin ... | 1976 | 62807 |
| [the effect of ear surgery to the immunologic defense system of the middle ear during chronic otitis media (author's transl)]. | alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-2-macroglobuline are very important proteinase inhibitors for the healing process in chronic otitis media, because they can inhibit numerous bacterial and leukocytic proteinases: alpha-2-macroglobuline can block the malignant proteinases of pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and proteus vulgaris. in 58 cases in the middle ear secretion was examined and the level of alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-2-macroglobulin investigated pre- and postoperatively. by the ... | 1976 | 63098 |
| morphological marker of gentamicin resistance. | | 1976 | 63759 |
| outbreak of hospital infection with a strain of staphylococcus aureus resistant to gentamicin and methicillin. | a previously unreported strain of staphylococcus aureus, resistant to both gentamicin and methicillin, as well as other antibiotics, caused an outbreak of hospital infection involving 17 patinets and 8 staff. in this outbreak none of the patients had received previous aminoglycoside therapy. the epidemic strain was eliminated by the use of strict measures for the control of infection. | 1976 | 63814 |
| mechanism of compact-colony formation by strains of staphylococcus aureus in serum soft agar. | compact-colony forming active substance (ccfas), the material responsible for the compact colonies of staphylococcus aureus observed in serum soft agar, was found to be an alkaline-stable, associated polysaccharide containing galactose, n-acetylglucosamine, ribitol, phosphorus and a small quantity of alanine. this substance, when extracted from strains unable to produce protein a clumping factor, was able to absorb the serum-reacting factor whereas a teichoic acid preparation of one strain could ... | 1977 | 64587 |
| antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis after delivery. | | 1977 | 64677 |
| identification of resting human t and b lymphocytes by acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase staining combined with rosette formation with staphylococcus aureus strain cowan 1. | we describe a method enabling the identification of both lymphocyte class and morphology from a single microscopic slide. as a marker for b cells we used surface immunoglobulin. the surface-ig-carrying cells were rosetted after poly-valent anti-ig treatment with staphylococcus aureus strain cowan 1 (stacw) and the cells were cytocentrifuged onto a microscope slide. the lymphocytes forming rosettes with stacw were identical with cells expressing surface ig studied by fluorescein-isothiocyanate-co ... | 1976 | 65004 |
| [serological analysis of two complex salmonella respectively arizona o-groups (salmonella o:48 and o:64 - arizona o:5 and o:29) with the object of combining them into one salmonella o-group 48 within the kauffmann-white-schema (author's transl)]. | in 1963 kauffmann divided o-group y (= o:48) of the kauffmann-white-schema into 3 sub-groups, e.g. 481, 482 - s. dahlem; 481, 482, 483 - s. djakarta; 481, 483, 484 = citrobacter no. 2624/36. he also recommended the use of the two serotypes s. dahlem and s. djakarta for the preparation of a diagnostic group-serum. at that time, serological relations- especially o-antigenic relations (and even some identities) - between the separate salmonella and arizona genera were known, viz. between the salmon ... | 1976 | 65071 |
| a quantitative in vitro evaluation of the combined action of benzylpenicillin and dihydrostreptomycin on staphylococci isolated from the bovine udder with special regard to synergistic activities. | | 1977 | 65074 |
| the mononuclear cell in human blood which mediates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity to virus-infected target cells. ii. identification as a k cell. | studies were carried out to determine whether the mononuclear cell in human blood which mediates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) to herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected target cells has surface fc receptors which participate in the reaction. the f (ab')2 fragment of human igg antibody was inactive both in adcc and in complement-mediated cytolysis, but retained the capacity to neutralize infectious virus, to agglutinate erythrocytes coated with viral antigens, and to bind to the su ... | 1977 | 65428 |
| ribonuclease as antiviral agent in milk. | | 1977 | 65547 |
| a new type of penicillin resistance of staphylococcus aureus. | penicillin--"tolerant" staphylococcus aureus strains are resistant to the lethal action of penicillins, but are inhibited by normal (low) concentrations. they are deficient in autolytic enzyme activity which appears to be necessary for bacteriolysis and the lethal action of penicillins. this "deficiency" is caused by a large excess of an inhibitor of autolysin. seven such tolerant strains have been isolated from blood, bone, or sputum of patients who responded poorly to penicillin treatment of e ... | 1977 | 65561 |
| blood-transfusions induce prolonged kidney allograft survival in rhesus monkeys. | a prospective study has been carried out in rhesus monkeys to investigate the influence of blood-transfusions on kidney allograft survival. unrelated animals matched for 2 or 3 antigens of the a and b locus of the major histocompatibility complex were given five consecutive blood-transfusions before transplantation and received conventional immunosuppressive treatment. transfused recipients showed a four-fold increase in mean survival time compared with the non-transfused controls. these results ... | 1977 | 65609 |
| staphylococcal protein a in immunoferritin techniques. | protein a (pa) of staphylococcus aureus, by virtue of its reactivity with the fc portion of a variety of mammalian immumoglobulins (igg), can be used for electron-microscopical immunoferritin techniques. the conjugation of pa with ferritin (pa-f) by means of bis(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl) sulfone results in a highly specific marker for igg in indirect labeling experiments. native pa can be used as a noncovalent bridging agent between specific antibodies and antiferritin capturing the marker molecul ... | 1977 | 66742 |
| transfer of drug-resistance-plasmids in mixed cultures of staphylococci. | transfer of pen- and chl-plasmids does not only occur between strains of staph, aureus but also betwen strains of staph, aureus and staph, epidermidis. in staph, aureus, the frequency of transfer of a tet-plasmid is less frequent than the transfer of pen- and chl-plasmids. lysogenization of the donor strain by a sero-group-b-phage has no influence on the frequency of transfer. the transfer is not inhibited by gamma-globulin. gamma-globulin inhibits unspecifically phage adsorption and also the tr ... | 1977 | 66824 |
| gentamicin resistance in japan. | | 1977 | 67324 |
| penicillin-tolerant staphylococcus aureus. | | 1977 | 68299 |
| precipitation of radiolabeled antigen-antibody complexes with protein a-containing staphylococcus aureus. | the feasibility of using protein a-containing staphylococcus aureus to measure antibodies in sera from several mammalian species was studied. a variety of unrelated radiolabeled antigens were tested, including components of bovine serum, dna, and bacterial and tumor-associated extracts. the use of s. aureus was found to be a reliable way to detect and measure the primary interactions between many of the antigens and antibodies tested. results were equivalent under many circumstances to those obt ... | 1977 | 68969 |
| penicillin-tolerant staphylococcus aureus. | | 1977 | 69123 |
| prophylactic systemic antibiotics in colorectal surgery. | the prophylactic value of gentamicin combined with either lincomycin or metronidazole in 52 patients undergoing colorectal surgery was investigated. the results confirmed the value of this practice. in a control group, the sepsis-rate was 48% with 1 death attributable to sepsis, compared with a sepsis-rate of 4% in the treated group. the combination of gentamicin and lincomycin was effective against sepsis but pseudomembranous colitis developed in 2 of the 14 patients treated with this combinati ... | 1977 | 69126 |
| morphological marker of gentamicin resistance. | | 1977 | 69183 |
| rapid identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing of bacteria isolated from clinical infections. | a total of 834 bacterial strains isolated from urine were subjected to rapid biochemical and serological identification and rapid antimicrobial sensitivity testing using autobac 1. for enterobacteria (742 strains) six tests (acetoin-, beta-galactosidase-, hydrogensulphide-, indole-, ornithin-decarboxylase-and urease-production) correctly identified to genus or species level more than 99% of the strains within four hours. staphylococci and streptococci (92 strains) were identified with full accur ... | 1977 | 69255 |
| differential staining of bacteria in clinical specimens using acridine orange buffered at low ph. | optimal conditions for acridine orange staining of air dried and methanol fixed bacteria on glass slides were studied. the ph of the staining buffer did not influence the fluorescence of an s. aureus and an e. coli strain at dye concentrations of 25-50 mg per litre. 81 bacterial strains representing 15 different species were stained with acridine orange under standard conditions, all strains showing orange fluorescence. the ph of the buffer influenced markedly the staining patterns of human cell ... | 1977 | 70957 |
| [experimental sensitizing activity of neisseria perflava]. | in experiments conducted on guinea pigs the sensitizing activity of neisseria perflava isolated from the mucous membranes of the bronchi of patients with infectious asthma was studied. a possibility of reproducing active skin anaphylaxis after ovary and of the contraction-test of the tracheal-chain by the neisseria antigens was shown. neisseria perflava was found to possess a greater sensitizing activity than staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae inhabiting the bronchi of patients with ... | 1977 | 71172 |
| comparative immunological study of catalases in the genus micrococcus. | double immunodiffusion tests were performed with crude extracts from various micrococcus species and antisera against catalase of micrococcus luteus ccm 169. cell-free extracts of m. lylae atcc 27566 exhibited good cross-reaction. cell-free extracts or catalase enriched preparations of m. varians reacted very weakly and no reaction has been found with preparation of m. kristinae, m. nishinomiyaensis, m. roseus and m. sedentarius. the quantitative microcomplement fixation assay also revealed a cl ... | 1977 | 71880 |
| oral non-absorbed antibiotics prevent infection in acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia. | 113 patients being treated for acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia were investigated to determine the effect of suppression of body microbial flora on prevention of infection. they were randomly allocated to a control group or a group which received non-absorbed antibiotics by mouth and topical applications of cutaneous and mucosal antiseptic preparations. the group receiving oral non-absorbed antibiotics had significantly few infections, fewer deaths from infection, fewer pyrexial episodes, and c ... | 1977 | 72192 |
| thymidine-requiring haemophilus influenzae and staphylococcus aureus. | | 1977 | 72988 |
| gentamicin resistance in staphylococcus aureus. | | 1976 | 73877 |
| [determining the activity of staph. aureus protein a using the passive hemagglutination inhibition test]. | | 1977 | 74448 |
| thymidine-requiring staphylococcus aureus. | | 1978 | 74553 |
| role of staphylococcus aureus cell wall antigens in the stimulation of delayed hypersensitivity after staphylococcal infection. | in staphylococcus aureus-infected mice, prior treatment with cyclophosphamide enhanced delayed hypersensitivity to cell walls and peptidoglycan. s. aureus did not cross react with s. epidermidis or s. saprophyticus. | 1978 | 75189 |
| [purification of staphylococcal enterotoxin e and antigenic similarity between enterotoxin a and e (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 75273 |
| [mechanisms of entry of antibiotics into bacteria]. | | 1977 | 75618 |
| bacteriostatic activity in cow's milk from udders infected with streptococcus agalactiae and staphylococcus aureus. | milk samples from infected udders contained more lactoperoxidase and more thiocyanate than before infection. irritation of 10 quarters of 5 cows caused the increase in the bacteriostatic activity of milk. bacteriostatic activity of milk from the udders infected with staphylococci dropped after several weeks of chronic mastitis. | 1977 | 75671 |
| [agglutination of staphylococci in the blood serum and plasma as the criterion of species differentiation and pathogenicity]. | | 1978 | 76710 |
| degradation of the polysaccharide component of gonococcal lipopolysaccharide by gonococcal and meningococcal sonic extracts. | an extract made from the supernatant of neisseria gonorrhoeae gc2 strain 1291 degraded the gc2 polysaccharide antigen. chemical analysis of this polysaccharide indicated it contains glucose, galactose, glucosamine, galactosamine, glucosamine-6-phosphate, heptose, 2-keto-3-deoxyotonate, and ethanolamine and is the polysaccharide component of gonococcal lipopolysaccharide. degradation of the polysaccharide by sonic extracts resulted either in complete loss of antigenicity and immunogenicity or in ... | 1978 | 78894 |
| [experience in studying protein a in staphylococcal cultures]. | methods of quantitative and qualitative determination of protein a in staphylococcus cultures were studied comparatively. the maximal number of strains positive by protein a were revealed by means of indirect hemagglutination test with cell extracts. quantitative and qualitative characteristics by protein a can be used in studying the problems of strain and clone heterogeneity of s. aureus. a common antigen was revealed in the reactions with human gamma-globulin in 21 of 38 s. aureus strains, an ... | 1978 | 79281 |
| killing of intraphagocytic staphylococcus aureus by dihydrostreptomycin entrapped within liposomes. | liposomes (phospholipid vesicles) may serve as vehicles of antibiotic transport to intracellular sites. liposomes containing entrapped dihydrostreptomycin enhanced killing of staphylococcus aureus contained within phagocytic vacuoles. | 1978 | 79336 |
| induction and specificity of delayed hypersensitivity to staphylococcus aureus in mice. | the induction and specificity of delayed hypersensitivity (dh) to staphylococcus aureus in mice was evaluated in vivo by the footpad (fp) assay and in vitro by spleen cell stimulation. repeated infections result in a biphasic dh response. the first dh response, observed following three subcutaneous injections, was route and antigen specific, required viable organisms, and could not be enhanced by the incorporation of bacteria in adjuvants. footpad reactivity was transferred to non-injected recip ... | 1978 | 79546 |
| solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detection of staphylococcal antigen in serum of rabbits with endocraditis due to staphylococcus aureus. | to aid in the rapid diagnosis of staphylococcal infection, a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for staphylococcus aureus antigen was developed and evaluated in rabbits with staphylococcal endocarditis. test specimens containing antigen were added to polystyrene tubes coated with antibody to s. aureus. antigens immobilized on the tube were detected by adding radiolabeled antibody to s. aureus. sensitivity for antigen was 0.312 microgram/ml in buffer and 1.25 microgram/ml in 50% rabbit serum. cross-rea ... | 1978 | 79624 |
| [comparative data on the senstivity of staphylococcus aureus to antibiotics determined by 2 methods]. | | 1978 | 79677 |
| partial characterization of cell surface idiotypes on alloantigen-activated t lymphoblasts. | t lymphoblasts of specificity lewis anti-da, lewis anti-bn, bn anti-da and l.bn anti-da were purified on ficoll-paque from mixed leucocyte cultures on day 5. blasts were radiolabelled with iodine-125 by the lactoperoxidase method and lysed by the aid of nonidet p40. idiotypic molecules were puried from the lysates by the use of anti-idiotypic antiserum of specificity anti-(lewis anti-da) and staphylococcus aureus bearing protein-a. in this way, molecules with a molecular weight of 150,000 and 75 ... | 1978 | 80024 |
| enhanced pesticide metabolism, a previously unreported effect of dietary fibre in mammals. | | 1978 | 80371 |
| expression of oncofetal antigens on murine sarcomas characterized for expression of endogenous mulv. | a rabbit antiserum raised by repeated immunization with balb/c fetuses obtained at 10-14 days of gestation was used to search for oncofetal antigens (ofa) in murine sarcomas which had previously been characterized for the expression of endogenous murine leukemia virus (mulv). iodinated protein a from staphylococcus aureus (ipa) was used to quantitate binding of the antiserum to cultured tumor or fetal cells or to saline extracts of tumors and fetuses. use of the "antigen" extracts facilitated th ... | 1978 | 81187 |
| radioimmunochemical characterization of hemoglobins lepore and kenya: unique antigenic determinants located on hybrid hemoglobins. | antisera were produced in rabbits to the three known types of lepore hemoglobins, which contain hybrid delta-beta non-alpha-chains, and to hemoglobin kenya, which has a hybrid gamma-beta non-alpha-chain. by using a sensitive radioimmunoassay technique, the absorbed antisera were shown to contain an antibody population that was specific for the hybrid hemoglobin and did not cross-react with normal hemoglobins. however, with the absorbed lepore-specific antisera, the three known types of lepore he ... | 1978 | 81226 |
| abstracts of papers presented at the fourth ir gene workshop: genetic, molecular, and functional aspects of specific immune response genes and their products. | | 1978 | 81239 |
| affinity chromatographic purification of the pregnancy zone protein. | an immunospecific affinity chromatographic method for purification of human pregnancy zone protein (pzp) directly from serum is described. highly purified goat-anti-human pzp-immunoglobulin was applied as a ligand. recovery of pzp varied from 56--75%. the impurities constituted maximally 5--10% of the total protein in the eluate. the purification factor was approximately 100. | 1978 | 81241 |
| effect of ozone on lysosomal enzymes of alveolar macrophages engaged in phagocytosis and killing of inhaled staphylococcus aureus. | the role of lysosomal enzymes in the inactivation of inhaled bacteria by alveolar macrophages was studied in rats infected with aerosols of staphylococcus aureus and then exposed for 5 hr to 2.5 ppm of ozone to determine whether pollutant-induced defects in phagocytic killing were associated with reduction in enzyme activity. rates of bacterial ingestion and the activities of cellular acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase were measured simultaneously in in situ perfused right lungs by sequenti ... | 1978 | 81245 |