| [cell penetration by dysentery bacilli (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 415159 |
| multi-element analysis of the rat hippocampus by proton induced x-ray emission spectroscopy (phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper, lead, bromine, and rubidium). | a technique for multi-element analysis of brain tissue by proton induced x-ray emission spectroscopy (pixe) is described and data from analysis of fixed and unfixed samples from rat hippocampus, neocortex, amygdala, and spinal cord is presented and commented on. the atoms present in the tissue are bombarded with protons which causes the ejection of electrons from the inner shells. when the "holes" are refilled with electrons from outer shells, x-ray quanta characteristic for each element are emi ... | 1979 | 429203 |
| the effect of some anti-rheumatic agents on tuberculin pleurisy in the guinea-pig [proceedings]. | | 1979 | 497564 |
| 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: covalent binding of reactive metabolic intermediates principally to protein in vitro. | 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) is metabolized by the mouse liver cytochrome p-450-mediated monooxygenase system to reactive intermediates which bind 'covalently' to cellular macromolecules. although very difficult to quantitate, the presumably covalent binding to microsomal protein occurs between 120 and 2,640 times more readily than binding to deproteinized dna in the in vitro reaction. because of the extremely high rate of binding to protein rather than to dna, it is visualized tha ... | 1979 | 515166 |
| firing of horses. | | 1979 | 516355 |
| the effect of the electromagnetic field and 0,0-diethyl-0-1-(2,4-dichlorphenyl)-2-bromovinylphosphate and 0,0-dimethyl-3-1-(2,4-dichlorphenyl)-2-bromovinylphosphate on the survival of balantidium coli (malmsten). | | 1979 | 524894 |
| complications at balloon catheter angiography. experiments in rabbits and dogs. | overdistension of a balloon catheter may injure an artery and this risk increases with decreasing vessel calibre. before balloon occlusion an estimation of the calibre of the vessel at a preliminary angiography is recommended. | 1979 | 525401 |
| responses of supraoptic neurones to local hypertonic saline in the rat [proceedings]. | | 1979 | 529135 |
| kinetic properties of the purified 3-hexulosephosphate synthase from pseudomonas oleovorans. | the kinetic characteristics of the purified 3-hexulosephosphate synthase from the facultative methylotroph pseudomonas oleovorans were investigated. it could be demonstrated that the dependence of the reaction rate on the rib(ul)ose-5-phosphate as well as the formaldehyde concentration has a complex shape with the appearence of plateau and trough regions. the shape of the curve is changed in dependence on the fixed level of the second substrate. multiple forms of the 3-hexulosephosphate synthase ... | 1979 | 538957 |
| a sensitive fluorimetric microassay for the determination of glutathione peroxidase activity. application to human blood platelets. | | 1979 | 543550 |
| [influence of phenobarbital on hyperbilirubinemia caused by nicotinic acid and rifamycin--sv in healthy subjects]. | ten healthy subjects have been given before and after treatment with phenobarbital the following intravenous charges: a) nicotinic acid; b) rifamicyn-sv; c) simultaneous administration of the two drugs. along with confirmatory evidence of the wellknown increase in bilirubinaemia (prevalently unconjugated), we have observed phenobarbital to attempts partially yet significantly that effect. on the base of direct experience on rat liver, we hypothise phenobarbital to increase the pool of the y prot ... | 1979 | 548051 |
| [inhibitory effects of indomethacin on prolactin liberation induced with peptides with opium-like activity]. | indomethacin inhibits prolactin liberating effects by met-enkefalin-nh2, a synthetic analogue of met-enkefalin, both in intact and in ovariectomized, estradiol benzoate treated rats. the introduction of pge1 increases the intensity of this effect. it is therefore possible to suppose that the pgs are involved as intermediaries of the prolactin relasing effect induced by met-enh-nh2. | 1979 | 548065 |
| [changes in the sialic acid content in the blood serum of calves with bronchopneumonia following treatment]. | the effect of a combination of calcium gluconate, magnesium sulfuricum, natrium salycilate, analgin, vit. c, vit. b1 and norsulfasol diluted in physiological solution of natrium chloride and 5% glucose was investigated. the combination was applied intravenously or per os on two groups of calves suffering from bronchopneumonia. it was established that in calves treated with the combination sialic acid is reduced as compared to calves treated only with antibiotics. therefore it is recommended to a ... | 1979 | 549262 |
| immunology and pathogenesis of african animal trypanosomiasis. | | 1979 | 550706 |
| organization and sequence studies of the 17-piece chicken conalbumin gene. | the conalbumin gene has been cloned and shown to consist of at least 17 exons approximately 60-200 base pairs long. the dna sequence upstream from the region coding for the 5' end of the mrna shows similarities with sequences present in homologous positions in other genes. high and low frequency repetitive sequences are found both upstream from the conalbumin gene and within one intron. | 1979 | 551292 |
| aspartame: assessment of developmental psychotoxicity of a new artificial sweetener. | | 1979 | 551307 |
| studies on the inhibitory effects of zinc heptanoate on microorganisms. | inhibitory effect of zinc heptanoate was observed on different cultures of bacteria and fungi. growth of all the bacteria was inhibited by the compound. greatest inhibition was seen in the case of staphylococcus albus, streptococcus pyogenes, shigella dysenteriae, shigella sonnei, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhi, s. paratyphi a, s. paratyphi b, vibrio cholerae, corynebacterium diphtheriae, and e. coli whereas least inhibition was found in the case of staphylococcus aureus. in triethanolamine ... | 1979 | 553835 |
| cytotoxic activity of aeromonas hydrophila. | most strains of aeromonas hydrophila tested demonstrated cytotoxic activity on several tissue-cultured cell lines. the cytotoxin is heat-labile, non-dialyzable, and immunologically distinct from that of shigella dysenteriae and clostridium perfringens. none of the aeromonas isolates was found to be enterotoxigenic by either tissue culture or rabbit ileal loop assays. | 1978 | 711344 |
| rare type of shigellosis. | | 1976 | 765409 |
| [antibacterial action by bacteriocin produced by shigella sonnei 100052]. | | 1975 | 765567 |
| [microtubular structures in the cytoplasm of macrophages and their enzymatic activity in interaction with salmonella typhi and shigella dysenteriae]. | | 1975 | 765699 |
| receptors for t2, t4 and t6 phages in sh. dysenteriae 7 and other serotypes of sh. dysenteriae. | the sensitivity of four strains of sh. dysenteriae and of nine strains representing other serotypes of sh. dynsenteriae to phages t2, t4 and t6 was examined. different extracts, prepared from sensitive strains were tested for their capacity of phage inactivation. we found that the receptor substance for phage t2 is localized differently in various strains: in sh. dysenteriae 7, it was found in bacterial extracts obtained by water/phenol at 68 degrees c and in extracts obtained by trichloracetic ... | 1975 | 766504 |
| diagnostic value of indirect hemagglutination in the seroepidemiology of shigella infections. | to evaluate the usefulness of the indirect hemagglutination (iha) test in the epidemiological investigation of shigellosis, single serum specimens were tested from 50 patients with shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga bacillus) infections, 103 asymptomatic contacts of these cases, 267 adult and 100 student control, and serum specimens collected during two outbreaks caused by s. sonnei and one outbreak due to s. flexneri 6. in patients with s. dysenteriae 1, 74% demonstrated titers of greater than or eq ... | 1976 | 767361 |
| [bacteriological and epidemiological considerations on shigelloses in south vietnam (1969-1973)]. | during the period from 1969 to 1973, a rectal swabs from 13.943 diarrhea patients of all ages were examined by bacteriological surveys. from these specimens, 981 strains of shigella were isolated. the most commonly encounted were shigella flexneri 2. all of strains of shigella isolated were highly resistant to aureomycin, tetracyclin, terramycin, novobiocin and chloramphenicol. there has been an increase in the development of multiresistance of shigella. colimycin and streptomycin were the most ... | 1975 | 770024 |
| naturally occurring sites within the shigella dysenteriae tryptophan operon severely limit tryptophan biosynthesis. | we investigated the structural, functional, and regulatory properties of the shigella dysenteriae tryptophan (trp.) operon in transduction hybrids in which the cysb-trp-region of escherichia coli is replaced by the corresponding region from s. dysenteriae. tryptophan biosynthesis was largely blocked in the hybrids, although the order of the structural genes was identical with that of e. coli. nutritional tests and enzyme assays revealed that the hybrids produced a defective anthranilate synthet ... | 1976 | 770449 |
| tryptophan operon regulation in interspecific hybrids of enteric bacteria. | we examined tryptophan regulation in merodiploid hybrids in which a plasmid carrying the trp operon of escherichia was introduced into trp mutants of other enteric genera, or in which a plasmid carrying the trpr+ (repressor) gene of e. coli was transfered into fully constitutive trpr mutants of other genera. in these hybrids the trp operon of one species is controlled by the repressor of a different species. similar investigations were possible in transduction hybrids in which either the trp ope ... | 1976 | 770450 |
| resistance of shigella dysenteriae type 1 to ampicillin and other antimicrobial agents: strains isolated during a dysentery outbreak in a hospital in mexico city. | in june 1972, an epidemic of dysentery began in a hospital ward lodging 22 children with tuberculosis. fifteen of them developed the disease and five children died. the age of the children ranged from five months to four years. a rectal swab culture taken from all hospitalized children three weeks after the initiation of the outbreak revealed shigella dysenteriae type 1 in five of the patients (28%). the strains isolated were susceptible to cephalothin, gentamicin, kanamycin, colistin, trimethop ... | 1976 | 772132 |
| toxigenic escherichia coli and childhood diarrhea. | stool specimens were examined from 40 children with diarrhea who were under three years of age to determine the incidence of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in endemic diarrhea. heat-labile e. coli enterotoxin was assayed in the very sensitive and reproducible cultured adrenal tumor cell system. toxigenic e. coli were isolated from only one stool specimen and in this case infection with shigella dysenteriae was also present. none of the eight classic enteropathogenic e. coli isolates were posit ... | 1976 | 775792 |
| [immunochemical and molecular biological characteristics of dysentery phages]. | molecular organization of dna of six dysentery phages was studied for their classification. the pattern of glucosilation of their dna was determined by an immunochemical method and the test of competitive hybridization established the degree of homology of these dna in relation to t4 phage dna. four of the phages (ddvi, zonne "gorkyi" zonne "czechoslovakia", zonne "poland") were shown to belong to the group of t-even phages by their pattern of dna glucosilation and by their capacity to inhibit ... | 1976 | 779271 |
| a bacteriological study of the intestinal mucosa and luminal fluid of adults with acute diarrhoea. | bacteriological studies of jejunal mucosal biopsy specimens and contents were performed on 22 hospitalized adult patients with acute diarrhoea and 24 control normal subjects. none of the washed homogenates of the mucosal specimens were sterile and only one fluid specimen obtained from a control subject was sterile. a definite enteric pathogen was found in only five of the 22 diarrhoea patients. there was no qualitative difference in the bacterial profile of the jejunal mucosa and contents of the ... | 1976 | 779681 |
| methylated guanine derivative as a minor base in the dna of phage ddvi shigella disenteriae. | 7-methylguanine has been identified in the dna of phage ddvi, which replicates in escherichia coli b cells. the amount of this minor base is 0.27 mol per 100 mol of nucleotides. in the dna of ddvi phage there is no 6-methylaminopurine which is usually a minor component in the dna of e. coli b and phage t2, yet the dna of ddvi phage is readily methylated during incubation in vitro with the b-specific methylase and adenosyl[3h]methionine with the label found only in 6-methylaminopurine. an extract ... | 1976 | 779843 |
| semisynthetic cephalosporins. synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-sulfonylacetamido-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acids. | the synthesis and in vitro and in vivo activities of a series of 7-sulfonylacetamido-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acids with acetoxymethyl or heterocyclic thiomethyl substituents at the 3 position are described. lengthening the alkyl chain attached to the sulfonyl group increased gram-positive activity but the effect on gram-negative activity was variable. other structural changes on the 7-acyl side chain resulted in only minor changes in vitro activity. the protective effectiveness in infected mice g ... | 1976 | 781242 |
| [grigor'ev-shiga dysentery and the current trends in its spread]. | | 1976 | 782107 |
| intraventricular antipyretics and bacterial pyrogen fever. | in adult fowls with cannulae chronically implanted into the iiird cerebral ventricle or into the hypothalamus, the effects of various hydrosoluble antipyretics, given intraventricularly, on bacterial pyrogen fever were studied. it has been shown that fever evoked by intrahypothalamic or intraventricular infusion of o somatic antigen of shigella dysenteriae was reduced by intraventricular administration of acetylsalicylate-lysine, indomethacin-methylglucamine or ibuprofen-lysine given during the ... | 1976 | 782392 |
| shigella dysenteriae i: a forgotten cause of pseudomembranous colitis. | | 1976 | 784931 |
| inhibition of in vitro protein synthesis by shigella dysenteriae 1 toxin. | | 1976 | 786292 |
| effect of enterotoxins of vibrio cholerae, escherichia coli, and shigella dysenteriae type 1 on fluid and electrolyte transport in the colon. | experiments were designed to determine whether the enterotoxins of vibrio cholerae, escherichia coli, and shigella dysenteriae type 1 alter the movement of fluid and electrolytes in the rat cecum. net secretion of water and sodium were observed after incubation of 1.67 x10(-5) mug of purified cholera toxin (choleragen)/ml for 18 hr or of 50 mug/ml for 3 hr. the effect of choleragen on cecal transport of water and electrolytes was related to the dose. in addition, choleragen increased cecal mucos ... | 1976 | 787442 |
| the problem of bacterial diarrhoea. | the reported incidence of "pathogenic" bacteria, as judged by serotype, in the stools of children with acute diarrhoea has varied from 4 to 33% over the last twenty years. techniques such as tissue culture provide a means for detecting enterotoxin-producing strains of bacteria, strains which often do not possess "pathogenic" serotypes. "pathogenicity" requires redefinition, and the aetiological importance of bacteria in diarrhoea is probably considerably greater than previous reports have indica ... | 1976 | 791597 |
| [effect of gram-negative bacterial polysaccharides on various immunity reactions and experimental tumors]. | | 1976 | 794646 |
| resistance to antibiotics of shigella strains isolated in somalia. | the resistance to antibiotics of 240 shigella strains isolated in somalia from 1973 to 1976 was studied. many strains, particularly those of shigella dysenteriae type 1, were found to be resistant to more than one drug. in view of their resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, and sulfonamides, it is suggested that polymyxin b or m sulfate - which have proved to be effective in vivo - should be used for the treatment of clinically typical cases of bacillary dysenter ... | 1976 | 799953 |
| the destruction of tumor cells by alloimmune peritoneal cells: mechanism of action of activated macrophages in vitro. | | 1975 | 804549 |
| microbial development of drug resistance: mechanisms and clinical significance. | bacteria have demonstrated a disconcerting ability to develop resistance to antimicrobial agents nearly as quickly as new compounds become available. during the past two decades the molecular bases of several types of resistance have been elucidated. mechanisms of resistance include the transference of genetic material either through conjugation (involving direct contact between microorganisms), or indirectly through transduction (involving bacteriophages). in addition to this "infectious" drug ... | 1975 | 806419 |
| conditions critical for optimal visualization of bacteriophage adsorbed to bacterial surfaces by scanning electron microscopy. | the potential of scanning electron microscopy as a tool for the detection of viruses on cell surfaces has been studied using bacteriophage p1 adsorbed to shigella dysenteriae as a model system. viral particles were readily detectable by scanning electron microscopy on the surface of infected cells which were fixed with glutaraldehyde followed by postfixation in oso4 and prepared by critical point drying. the virus-studded surface of the infected cells differed markedly from the relatively smooth ... | 1975 | 806704 |
| the influence of some cations on bacterial endotoxins: copper. | in the course of its isolation and purification, bacterial endotoxin may be contaminated by some inorganic cations. the present study was concerned with cu-2+ contamination of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complex (lps) extracted from shigella dysenteriae 1 s and r strains. the cu-2+ contamination level of lps prepared by raynaud's method and partly purified through sephadex g200 and sepharose 4b was in the range of 1-5 mug cu-2+/mg lps. crude raynauds extract, similarly as lps prepared by west ... | 1975 | 808051 |
| cell-wall lipopolysaccharide of the 'shigella-like' escherichia coli 0124. structure of the polysaccharide chain. | from escherichia coli 0124 two lipopolysaccharide preparations were obtained with phenol/water extraction and cetavlon precipitation. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate and chemical analysis showed that the two preparations from e. coli 0124 and the corresponding preparations from shigella dysenteriae type 3 reacted alike. the o-specific polysaccharide moiety was characterized with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, optical rotation and paper electro ... | 1976 | 819266 |
| inhibition of adp-induced platelet aggregation as a possible test for evaluation of the enterotoxigenicity of some enterobacteria. preliminary study]. | some culture filtrates or enterotoxin preparations from enterobacteria that activate the adenylate cyclase system (vibrio cholerae, lt fraction from escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae, shigella dysenteriae type 1) exibit an inhibiting effect on adp-induced platelet aggregation, while other enterotoxin preparations not effective on adenylate cyclase system, don't interfere with this model. the a. propose the platelet aggregation as cellular assay to detect enterotoxin fractions effective ... | 1976 | 1028645 |
| studies on shigella isolated in southern taiwan. | during 1969, a total of 1,476 fecal and rectal swab specimens was collected from children with diarrhea and 249 strains of shigella were isolated. the incidence was 16.9%. the serotypes of 249 strains were: shigella dysenteriae, 1.6% (4 strains); s. flexneri, 73.1% (182 strains); s. boydii, 3.2 (8 strains) and s. sonnei, 22.1% (55 strains). there was no marked difference of the isolation rate throughout the whole year. the susceptibility of shigella isolates to chemotherapeutic agents were also ... | 1976 | 1036983 |
| presence of messenger specifying sequences in the dna of chromatin subunits. | messenger-specifying sequences in subunits of human lymphocyte chromatin were detected by hybridization of dna complementary to cytoplasmic polyadenylylated rna with dna isolated from the subunits. comparison of the kinetics and extents of hybridization of complementary dna with chromatin subunit dna and with nuclear dna showed that most of the repetitive sequences and single copy sequences in mrna are present in chromatin subunits. this result indicates that inclusion of a dna sequence into the ... | 1976 | 1064026 |
| the effector cells in human peripheral blood mediating mitogen-induced cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. | the identity of the effector cells in human peripheral blood capable of mediating mitogen-induced cellular cytotoxicity (micc) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) was investigated utilizing effector cell populations consisting of purified polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, and cell surface immunoglobulin (sig)-negative and sig-positive lymphocyte subpopulations obtained by sephadex anti-fab immunoabsorbent column fractionation techniques. chicken erythrocytes ... | 1976 | 1087314 |
| somatic antigen of shigella dysenteriae type 3. structural features of specific polysaccharide chain. | on mild acid hydrolysis of lipolysaccharide from shigella dysenteriae type 3 the o-specific polysaccharide (hapten) was obtained which appeared to be acidic branched hexosaminoglycan. the repeating unit of this polysaccharide represents a pentasaccharide composed of two d-galactose residues, n-acetyl-d-galactosamine, d-glucose and unidentified acidic component. on the basis of methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, partial acid hydrolysis and chromic anhydride oxidation it is concluded that ... | 1975 | 1089541 |
| antimicrobial resistance of shigellae isolated in michigan. | patterns of antimicrobial resistance were studied for 213 strains of shigellae isolated in rural and urban areas of michigan by quantitative techniques: 66% of these organisms were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, cephalexin, or chloramphenicol or had multiple resistance to various combinations of these antibiotics. the incidence of resistant organisms was higher in the detroit-wayne county area, which is the most urban part of the state. nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid were noted to be q ... | 1975 | 1089819 |
| observations on the serologic changes in the recombinants in shigella flexneri serotype 4a. | studies on the antigenic composition of 84 diagnostic strains of s. flexneri serotype 4a and their lac+ recombinants from a cross with e. coli hfrc were carried out. considerable differentiation of agglutination reaction was found both in original material and in recombinants. an interesting group included recombinants which completely lost their capability to agglutinate with sera specific for type and group antigens and preserved only the capability to agglutinate in the polyvalent serum of s. ... | 1975 | 1090112 |
| comparison of secretory and histological effects of shigella and cholera enterotoxins in rabbit jejunum. | the purpose of this study was to compare the actions of shigella toxin and cholera toxin to determine if mucosal damage is a prerequisite for shigella toxin-induced secretion. the secretory response to maximal doses of cholera toxin and shigella toxin were compared. the maximal rate of secretion and the electrolyte and protein concentration of the intestinal fluid were similar for both toxins. on the other hand, the time of onset after exposure to the toxin was 105 min for shigella toxin and 15 ... | 1975 | 1090481 |
| occurrence of the bacteriophage lambda receptor in some enterobacteriaceae. | in escherichia coli k-12, the receptor for phage lambda is an outer membrane protein which inactivates the phage in vitro. lambda receptor activity was found in extracts from all wild strains of e. coli tested, although most of them fail to support growth of the phage. in some cases this failure is due to a masking of the receptor in vivo, the bacteria being unable to adsorb the phage or to react with antireceptor antibodies. in other cases, adsorption does occur, and the nature of the block in ... | 1975 | 1090748 |
| shiga bacillus dysentery associated with marked leukocytosis and erythrocyte fragmentation. | granulocytic leukemoid reactions (white blood cell counts greater than 50,000 with myelocytes and promyelocytes in the peripheral blood) were documented in 15 per cent of 273 patients with dysentery due to shigella dysenteriae, type 1 (shiga bacillus) in bangladesh. peak granulocytosis occurred during the second week of illness, when the children were commonly afebrile and diarrhea had ceased or was subsiding. more than half of the patients with leukemoid reactions subsequently developed a fall ... | 1975 | 1090770 |
| production and characterization of exotoxin(s) of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | a semicontinuous fermenter system was developed in which broth culture filtrates of shigella dysenteriae type 1 yielded substantial amounts of exotoxin. biologic activity of the exotoxin was characterized by means of three assays: the rabbit ileal loop for fluid evocation (enterotoxicity), mouse lethality after parenteral injection (neurotoxicity), and hela cell toxicity in vitro (cytotoxicity). although the culture filtrate was highly active, disc electrophoresis revealed that the toxin is a mi ... | 1975 | 1092769 |
| superiority of macconkey's agar over salmonella-shigella agar for isolation of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | the efficiency of macconkey's agar in the isolation of various types of shigella was compared with that of salmonella-shigella (ss) agar during an extensive 18-month outbreak of disease caused by shigella. in all, 1,580 isolates of shigella were obtained from 12,307 rectal swab and fecal samples of patients with diarrhea and their contacts by direct plating onto macconkey's and ss agars. shigella dysenteriae type 1 and shigella flexneri constituted 55 percent and 33 percent of all isolates, resp ... | 1975 | 1094073 |
| letter: hemolytic uremic syndrome after shigellosis. | | 1975 | 1094293 |
| proceedings: dissociation of bacterial pyrexia from prostaglandin e activity. | | 1975 | 1097014 |
| selective cleavage of glycosidic linkages: studies with the o-specific polysaccharide from shigella dysenteriae type 3. | treatment of the o-specific polysaccharide from shigella dysenteriae type 3 with hydrazine in the presence of hydrazine sulphate resulted in quantitative n-deacetylation with the formation of a modified polysaccharide containing free amino groups. oxidation of the modified polysaccharide with periodate did not destroy the 2-amino-2-deoxygalactose residues, thus indicating that they were substituted at position 3. acid hydrolysis of the modified polysaccharide afforded 3-o-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta ... | 1975 | 1097111 |
| shigella strains associated with infantile diarrhea in the kaohsiung area. | in 1969 and 1974, 375 shigella strains were isolated in the kaohsiung area, and their serotypes and in vitro susceptibility to antimicorbial agents were studied. in 1969, 249 (16.2%) strains were isolated from 1,476 specimens collected from infantile and young children dirrheal cases, whereas 126 strains (11.6%) were isolated from 1,086 specimens in 1969. the isolation rates were higher in may (21.2%), october (20.8%), april (20.6%), august (19.7), november (18.8%) and january (18.5%), than in o ... | 1975 | 1097211 |
| [antigenic relationships between "levinea amalonatica" and "shigella dysenteriae" and "boydii" (author's transl)]. | twenty-eight strains among thirty-five levinea amalonatica show o antigenic relationships with shigella as follows: with s. dysenteriae 3 (5 strains), s. dysenteriae 4 (1 strain), s. dysenteriae 5 (3 strains), s. dysenteriae 7 (11 strains), s. boydii 6 (7 strains), and with both s. boydii 15 and s. dysenteriae 8 (1 strain). these strains do not induce purulent keratogenous conjunctivitis in guinea pigs as shigella do. | 1975 | 1098541 |
| an outbreak of dysentery caused by shigella dysenteriae type 1 on a coral island in the bay of bengal. | an epidemic of severe dysentery occurred on st. martin island in the bay of bengal at a time when the island, with a population of 1,318, was isolated from the mainland because of the monsoon season. there were 434 cases and 28 deaths within a three-month period. mortality (2%) was limited to the very young and the elderly. shigella dysenteriae type 1 (shiga bacillus) was isolated from 12 of 65 rectal swab specimens. all strains gave similar biochemical reactions and were resistant to tetracycli ... | 1975 | 1099145 |
| epidemiologic investigation of an outbreak of shiga bacillus dysentery in an island population. | an epidemic of dysentery broke out in st. martin island during may through july 1973. the epidemic was caused by shigella dysenteriae type 1. the dysentery could not be controlled by conventional antibiotics and other antidysenteric drugs. the average attack rate was 32.9%. the age specific attack rate was highest in the age group 1-4 years (52.2%). the attack rates were higher in smaller families. the rates were not greatly different amongst people using different sources of water. the overall ... | 1975 | 1101385 |
| some immunochemical and chemical aspects of s and r shigella dysenteriae 1 endotoxins. | endotoxins of s and r forms of shigella dysenteriae 1 were prepared by nacl-na citrate extraction, purified by gel chromatography on sephadex g 200 and on sepharose 4b and subjected to immunochemical and chemical analysis. the toxins contained 25--30% of lipids, 40--50% of carbohydrates and 14--24% of protein. the lipid and protein moieties of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes exhibited no significant difference, whereas the sugar moieties differed markedly (both qualitatively and quantit ... | 1975 | 1102598 |
| superinfection immunity and prophage repression in phage p1. ii. mapping of the immunity-difference and ampicillin-resistance loci of p1 and phi amp. | | 1975 | 1103441 |
| selective cleavage of glycosidic linkages: studies with the polysaccharide component of shigella dysenteriae type 6 lipopolysaccharide. | the polysaccharide component obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of shigella dysenteriae type 6 was subjected to milk hydrolysis with acid, and the products were fractionated on sephadex g-50. an acidic hexosaminoglycan and a core oligosaccharide fraction were obtained, the former containing d-glucose, d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose (in the ratios 1:1:1), and an unidentified acidic component (x). the hexosaminoglycan was n-deacetylated and then hydrolysed and deaminated to give 3- ... | 1975 | 1104165 |
| [pathogenicity factors of gramnegative enteropathogenic bacteria and pathogenesis of intestinal diseases (author's transl)]. | enterotoxins as produced by the majority of enteropathogenic bacteria play a central role in the pathogenesis of cholera and e. coli enteritis but are obviously of little significance as to the development of salmonella enteritis and dysentery. pathology of salmonella enteritis and dysentery results from multiplication of bacteria within the bowel wall and from the damage of tissue caused thereby. the lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) of invasive enteropathogenic bacteria do not possess the chara ... | 1975 | 1106437 |
| pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. serum anticytotoxin antibody response produced by toxigenic and nontoxigenic shigella dysenteriae 1. | the serum antitoxin response to the cytotoxin contained in preparations of shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga's bacillus) exotoxin was studied in natural and experimental infections of man. natural infection resulted in the rapid appearance of toxin-neutralizing antibody, which disappeared some time between 9 and 18 mo after infection. experimental infection of human volunteers provided the opportunity to study immunoglobulin class of the antibody in sera obtained serially from 7 to 50 days after inf ... | 1976 | 1107354 |
| [an analysis of meat products as possible factors responsible for transmission of dysenterial toxic infections]. | the paper carries experimental data derived from a bacteriological analysis of infected minced meat products for the presence of shigella sonnei and for ascertaining technological stages non-compliance with whose proper course presents the greatest epidemiological hazards. the procedures employed in analyzing infected meat products are shown to be sufficiently sensitive, for they enable one to count shigella dysenteriae in numbers of 102-106/g, depending upon the degree of total bacterial contam ... | 1975 | 1108439 |
| letter: reactions of cartilage. | | 1975 | 1113834 |
| isolation of cyclic 3',5'-pyrimidine mononucleotides from bacterial culture fluids. | | 1975 | 1147989 |
| dermo--epidermal adhesion and its effect on epidermal structure in the mouse. | evidence is presented that dermo--epidermal adhesion is low in mouse ear. consequently the pressure caused by mitotic activity in the basal epidermal layer is readily relieved by cell extrusion distally and the number of basal cells per unit skin area remains low. the rule then is that the number of distal cells per unit skin area must be equally low, and the epidermis is therefore thin. conversely, dermo--epidermal adhesion is high in mouse sole-of-foot epidermis, and the mitotic pressure leads ... | 1975 | 1201191 |
| [changes in the composition of intracellular lipids and hydrocarbons in candida tropicalis in the absence of growth]. | the fatty acid composition of lipids and the composition of hydrocarbons were studied in candida tropicalis cultivated on a medium with propionic acid and incubated in the conditions of starvation and on a medium containing glucose-1-6-14c but no nitrogen. intracellular fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms were found to be easily metabolized by yeast cells. the content and composition of intracellular hydrocarbons were very labile and underwent intensive transformation caused by change ... | 1975 | 1214607 |
| epithelio-mesenchymal interface during mouse kidney tubule induction in vivo. | transmission and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the epithelio-mesenchymal interface between the interacting mouse ureter-bud and the metanephric mesenchyme. the gap between the epithelial and mesenchymal cells varied in width. at the stalk of the ureter-bud the interspace was often about 1 mum, but in the inductively active areas at the tips of the branching ureter-bud epithelio-mesenchymal contacts were seen through discontinuities in the basal lamina. at these points the gap b ... | 1975 | 1240119 |
| [diagnostic problems in gout in a 44-year-old man]. | | 1976 | 1251615 |
| radioimmunoassays for free and conjugated trienbolone and for trienbolone acetate in bovine tissue and plasma samples. | a specific, sensitive, precise and accurate radioimmunoassay has been developed for the quantitation of the synthetic anabolic steroid trienbolone acetate (tba) and its major metabolites, free and conjugated trienbolone (tboh) in bovine tissues and plasma. with the extraction procedure described unspecific interference with the antigen-antibody reaction could be ruled out. the assay can significantly detect amounts of more than 40 pg tboh and 70 pg tba. 0.1 - 2.0 g tissue and 0.1 - 1 ml plasma a ... | 1976 | 1273899 |
| [research on sterilization of pathogens by high electrostatic voltage method]. | an experimental research has been carried out on the sterilization of four kinds of pathogens by high electrostatic method along with an inquiry into the influence of voltage waveform and the treated time on sterilization. it is concluded that pathogens can be killed efficiently by corona discharge field. | 1992 | 1294177 |
| bacterial endotoxins as potential antitumor agents. tumor mass loss in mice treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharides of shigella dysenteriae serovar 1. | natural and modified preparations of lipopolysaccharides and lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes isolated from the s- and r-form of shigella dysenteriae serovar 1 were found to markedly inhibit the initial growth of mouse solid tumors derived from németh-kellner lymphoma, gardner 6c3hed lymphoma, an ill-defined syngeneic lymphoma of dba mice (skalsky lymphoma) and lp-2 plasmacytoma. the biopreparations were given intraperitoneally, most frequently at a dose range from 50 to 200 micrograms per m ... | 1992 | 1296928 |
| composition of lipid a in the s and r forms of shigella dysenteriae serovar 1. | a chemical analysis was performed of lipid a, isolated by acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide from the s and r forms of shigella dysenteriae serovar 1. differences in the moiety of both lipids and sugars were compared. the lipid portion consisted of a homologous series of fatty acids ranging from c12:0 to c18:0 (predominant homologues, c12:0, c14:0 and c16:0) and the homologous series of 3-hydroxy acids ranging from c12:0 to c16:0 (predominant homologue, 3-oh-c14:0). the major sugar portio ... | 1992 | 1303686 |
| [recombinant human erythropoietin]. | | 1992 | 1307066 |
| a 4-kilobase congo red binding plasmid dna fragment of shigella dysenteriae 1 suppresses the growth and cell differentiation in escherichia coli. | a 4-kilobase congo red binding plasmid dna fragment of pcat 120 of shigella dysenteriae 1 was transferred to an escherichia coli k12 strain by transformation. transformants were unable to grow in any liquid broth medium. electron microscopic studies revealed that the transformants grown on tryptic soy agar were associated in clusters after cell division. normal cell separation among the transformants in comparison with recipient e. coli k12 was only observed when the growth medium was supplement ... | 1992 | 1307443 |
| in situ hybridization of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase ii and tau mrnas; species differences and relative preservation in alzheimer's disease. | abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule associated protein tau component of neurofibrillary tangles (nfts) in alzheimer's disease (ad) may result from alterations in protein kinase expression. calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase ii (cam kinase ii) has been shown to phosphorylate tau in vitro in such a way to decrease its electrophoretic mobility. a68, apparently a modified form of tau in ad brain, also shows abnormal phosphorylation and slower mobility than tau. to further examine th ... | 1992 | 1312209 |
| which twin has the toni? commentary on j. d. sinclair. | | 1992 | 1317159 |
| [bacteriology of shigella isolated in a tropical zone chu]. | from 1981 to 1991, five hundred eighty one shigella's strains were isolated in the laboratories of the chu fann of dakar. they represent 24.8 per cent of enteropathogen agents and 4.3 per cent of diarrhoeae causative agents. shigella flexneri was predominant (71%), following by shigella dysenteriae (14.5%), shigella sonnei (11.4%) and shigella boydii (2.5%). in pediatric hospital 90 per cent of strains were isolated between 1 and 5 years age; in adults, the pic was found from 20 to 30 years. fiv ... | 1992 | 1345084 |
| sexual transmission of htlv infections in southern india. | | 1992 | 1346809 |
| molecular probe analysis of shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolates from 1940 to 1987. | fourteen strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1 (shiga bacillus) isolated from people in diverse locations from 1940 to 1987 were studied. southern hybridization with three cloned escherichia coli genes, shiga-like toxin i (slti), frd, and ompf, was used to determine restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the genomic dna of these strains. digestion with each of four restriction endonucleases generated fragments of identical size to which the frd and ompf hybridized for each of the 14 ... | 1992 | 1353066 |
| molecular epidemiology of shigella infections in israel. | the dnas of shigella sonnei or shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains isolated in outbreaks of shigellosis or in sporadic cases were analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). southern blots of the dnas of 36 s. sonnei isolates digested by 8 restriction enzymes were hybridized with an escherichia coli rrna probe. the s. sonnei strains were unexpectedly diverse in their rflp. antibiotypes of the same isolates showed clusters of strains corresponding to the various outbreaks. on the ... | 1992 | 1356821 |
| pregnancy after transfer of frozen-thawed human embryos. | cryopreservation of human embryos has been successfully applied in in vitro fertilization (ivf) and embryo transfer (et) programs at the national taiwan university hospital since 1988. our preliminary results with 120 frozen-thawed embryos in 31 transfer cycles showed that the survival rate of frozen embryos was 66%. following transfer, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 6.5% and 13%, respectively. four clinical pregnancies and one preclinical pregnancy following a frozen-tha ... | 1992 | 1360300 |
| a comparison of therapeutic schedules for administering granulocyte colony-stimulating factor to nonhuman primates after high-dose chemotherapy. | granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) has been shown to be effective in clinical trials for reducing the period of neutropenia after chemotherapy. in this study, we compared the timing for initiating g-csf administration after chemotherapy with the duration of neutropenia and hematopoietic regeneration. nonhuman primates treated with high-dose chemotherapy (mechloroethamine, 1.5 mg/kg, intravenously) and not administered g-csf therapy experienced 8 days of neutropenia (absolute neutrophi ... | 1992 | 1373969 |
| outward currents in longitudinal colonic muscle cells contribute to spiking electrical behavior. | electrical events in longitudinal and circular muscles of the colon are different. longitudinal muscles generate action potentials superimposed upon small depolarizations termed myenteric potential oscillations and circular muscles generate slow wave events that persist for several seconds. differences between circular and longitudinal muscles may be related to the potassium channels these cells express. we have studied ca(2+)-dependent and voltage-dependent k currents of isolated longitudinal c ... | 1992 | 1378997 |
| immunoblot analysis of antibody responses to shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection. | immunoblot analysis was used to identify the antigenic components of the outer membrane protein (omp) extract from sh. dysenteriae type 1 that may be relevant in protection against infection. the omps were extracted by ultrasonic disruption followed by sarkosyl extraction. the macromolecular bands were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), electroeluted to a nitrocellulose matrix and complexed with peroxidase conjugated antibodies in human convalesce ... | 1992 | 1380491 |
| stereoselective syntheses of a di-, tri-, and tetra-saccharide fragment of shigella dysenteriae type 1 o-antigen using 3,4,6-tri-o-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl chloride as a glycosyl donor. | methyl 2,4-di-o-benzoyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside (1) furnished a crystalline 3-o-bromoacetyl derivative that was treated with the dichloromethyl methyl ether-zncl2 reagent to give 2,4-di-o-benzoyl-3-o-bromoacetyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl chloride (3). compounds 1 and 3 were condensed under the conditions of base-deficient, silver trifluoromethanesulfonate-mediated glycosylation to give a fully protected rhamnobioside, which on o-debromoacetylation afforded the disaccharide nucleophile 10. similar ... | 1992 | 1381283 |
| role of escherichia coli k-12 rfa genes and the rfp gene of shigella dysenteriae 1 in generation of lipopolysaccharide core heterogeneity and attachment of o antigen. | the rfp gene of shigella dysenteriae 1 and the rfa genes of escherichia coli k-12 and salmonella typhimurium lt2 have been studied to determine their relationship to lipopolysaccharide (lps) core heterogeneity and their role in the attachment of o antigen to lps. it has been inferred from the nucleotide sequence that the rfp gene encodes a protein of 41,864 da which has a structure similar to that of rfag protein. expression of this gene in e. coli k-12 results in the loss of one of the three ba ... | 1992 | 1385388 |
| a novel temporal expression pattern of three c/ebp family members in differentiating myelomonocytic cells. | members of the ccaat/enhancer binding protein (c/ebp) family have been shown to regulate the terminal differentiation of adipocytes and hepatocytes. in these cell lineages, high levels of c/ebp alpha are found only in mature, nondividing cells. using western blotting and immunohistochemical staining, we have determined the temporal order of expression for c/ebp alpha, c/ebp beta, and c/ebp delta in differentiating myelomonocytic marrow cells. these studies show a unique temporal pattern of c/ebp ... | 1992 | 1391942 |
| identification of a b subunit gene promoter in the shiga toxin operon of shigella dysenteriae 1. | the shiga toxin operon (stx) is composed of a and b subunit genes which are transcribed as a bicistronic mrna from a promoter which lies 5' to the stxa gene. northern (rna) blot and primer extension analyses revealed the existence of a second stxb gene transcript. recombinant plasmids which carried the stxb gene without the stx operon promoter and with the influence of a vector promoter abrogated produced stx b polypeptides, suggesting that the stxb gene mrna was transcribed from an independent ... | 1992 | 1400202 |
| treatment of shigellosis: iii. comparison of one- or two-dose ciprofloxacin with standard 5-day therapy. a randomized, blinded trial. | to determine whether a single dose, or 2 doses, of ciprofloxacin are as effective as 5-day, 10-dose therapy for the treatment of shigellosis in adult men who are moderately to severely ill. | 1992 | 1416574 |
| decreased food intake in children with severe dysentery due to shigella dysenteriae 1 infection. | factors that affect food intake in acute shigellosis were studied in 82 children aged 24-59 months. children were offered an energy-dense milk-cereal-oil-based diet every 2 h. food intake was compared between children with shigella dysenteriae 1 infection and those infected with other shigella spp (predominantly s. flexneri). mean energy intake in the first 48 h was 435 kj/kg.d in children infected with s. dysenteriae 1 and 536 kj/kg.d in children infected with other shigella spp (p < 0.001). fe ... | 1992 | 1425537 |
| regulation of the slt-1a toxin operon by a ferric uptake regulatory protein in toxinogenic strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | the regulation of shiga toxin expression in a clinical isolate of s. dysenteriae 1 by the fe-fur (iron-ferric uptake regulatory protein) repressor complex was investigated. the presence of an endogenous fur repressor protein capable of binding to either a fur binding consensus sequence or the regulatory region of slt-1a was determined in toxinogenic strains of s. dysenteriae. plasmid constructs bearing fur binding sites fused to readily assayable reporter genes were used. plasmid psc27.1 contain ... | 1992 | 1430967 |
| [shigella dysenteriae strains having a provisional serovar isolated from imported diarrheal cases in tokyo]. | two bacterial strains (me448 and me474) isolated from stool cultures of imported cases in tokyo in 1987 had typical biochemical characteristics of shigella dysenteriae. the results of antigenic analyses showed that they were serologically identical to each other, but did not belong to any of the established shigella serovars. these strains were positive for serény test in guinea pig eye and cell-invasion test in hela cells. the strains also had virulence-plasmid encoding outer membrane proteins, ... | 1992 | 1431369 |