| is there any evidence for an association between ankylosing spondylitis and borrelia burgdorferi infection? | the suggested relationship between borrelia burgdorferi and seronegative spondyloarthropathies has been studied in 125 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (as). igg antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi were present in 11 of 125 patients (8.8%) and in 25 of 125 controls (20%). no patient had clinical lyme borreliosis. hla-b27 status was known for 82 patients with as. there was no difference between b27+ and b27 patients. this study provides no evidence that borrelia burgdorferi is associated with ... | 1992 | 1593580 |
| frequency and specificity of antibodies that crossreact with borrelia burgdorferi antigens. | the frequency and specificity of antibodies that bind antigens of borrelia burgdorferi in sera from 200 individuals with no evidence of past or current lyme disease was determined. sera were tested for both igg and igm antibodies to b. burgdorferi by western blotting. the non-lyme serum group included specimens from healthy adults and children in addition to specimens from patients with viral infection and rheumatic diseases. crossreactive igg antibodies occurred more frequently than igm antibod ... | 1992 | 1593581 |
| babesiosis: an underdiagnosed disease of children. | babesiosis is a malaria-like illness caused by the intraerythrocytic parasite babesia microti and is transmitted by the same tick that transmits borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease. babesiosis is well recognized in adult residents of southern new england and new york but has been described in only five children. to determine whether children are infected with b microti less often than are adults, a prospective serosurvey was carried out on block island, ri, where babesiosis ... | 1992 | 1594345 |
| [epidemiological aspects of neurological complications of lyme borreliosis in switzerland. a case-control study]. | to determine the individual relative risk to neurologically affected patients of infection with borrelia burgdorferi, within the framework of a multicenter case control study encompassing the four neurological departments of the universities of basel, bern, zurich and lausanne, 378 patients and 1134 healthy blood donors serving as controls underwent analysis for antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi by elisa. the seroprevalence were estimated for a cut-off point of 2 standard deviations from t ... | 1992 | 1594902 |
| [mono-arthritis of uncertain etiology--a follow-up study]. | 78 patients in whom the cause of a monoarticular arthritis remained unclear after an initial workup were contacted for a follow-up interview (and an additional clinical examination in 64 cases) after 6 to 11 years (mean 8 years). the mean age at the onset of symptoms was 39 years, with 51% of the patients presenting in the range between 20 and 40 years. there was a slight male preponderance (56%). large joints, mainly the knee, and less often the wrist, ankle or hip, were affected in 79%. finger ... | 1992 | 1594908 |
| suspected lyme borreliosis in sheep. | two cases of suspected lyme borreliosis in lambs are described. the clinical signs observed resemble those described for lyme borreliosis in dogs and horses. the lambs were approximately six months old and came from two different flocks in a district heavily infested with ixodes ricinus ticks. the lambs had pronounced lameness in one leg, generally bad condition and poor appetite. they had high serum levels of igg antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi when tested in an elisa. the other lambs in the ... | 1992 | 1595160 |
| [ixodes ricinus proven as a vector of lyme borreliosis in yugoslavia]. | 263 fasting female ixodes ricinus were examined for borrelia burgorferi, the vector of lyme borreliosis. female ticks were collected by flagella in the biotopes (belgrade and osijek) in which ticks bite patients with lyme borreliosis. borrelia burgorferi was proved in 58 (22%) of 263 female ticks in the native preparations of the intestinal contents by darkfield microscopy. in macerates of two groups of 5 female ticks each, borrelia burgorferi was isolated by cultivation in the modified kelly nu ... | 1992 | 1595237 |
| prevention of lyme disease. | lyme disease and the use of tick repellents and physical protective measures to prevent the disease are discussed. lyme disease is a multiple-organ-system, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder transmitted by the bites of ixodid ticks infected with borrelia burgdorferi. an individual is at greatest risk for infection when a tick has been attached to the skin for more than 24 hours. lyme disease occurs in three stages and may affect the skin, nervous system, cardiac system, and joints. antimicrob ... | 1992 | 1595748 |
| acute, posterior, multifocal, placoid, pigment epitheliopathy and lyme disease. | | 1992 | 1596215 |
| lyme borreliosis: a very infrequent cause of arthritis of undetermined aetiology in the southern part of the netherlands. | seventy-three patients with undiagnosed arthritis of undetermined aetiology, 94 patients with classified arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, etc.) and 70 controls were studied for clinical and serological manifestations of lyme borreliosis. the patients were recruited from the three rheumatology units in the most southern part of the netherlands. a clinical diagnosis of possible lyme borreliosis was made in seven of 73 patients with arthritis of undetermined aetiology, in fo ... | 1992 | 1596702 |
| cross-reactive proteins of borrelia burgdorferi. | the specificity of serological tests for lyme borreliosis is impaired by cross-reacting antibodies. in order to select antigens for more specific tests, specific and cross-reactive proteins of borrelia burgdorferi must be identified. therefore, to analyze cross reactions of borrelia burgdorferi with other bacteria, rabbit immune sera against heterologous bacteria (borrelia hermsii, treponema pallidum, treponema phagedenis, leptospira interrogans (serogroup grippotyphosa), neisseria meningitidis, ... | 1992 | 1597198 |
| acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. | | 1992 | 1599286 |
| seroprevalence of lyme disease in gray wolves from minnesota and wisconsin. | to determine the seroprevalence of lyme disease in gray wolves (canis lupus) from various counties of minnesota and wisconsin (usa), 589 serum samples were collected from 528 wolves from 1972 to 1989. an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test was used to detect the presence of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi. titers of greater than or equal to 1:100 were considered positive. results were confirmed by testing a few selected sera by western blotting. of the 589 sera tested, 15 (3%) had i ... | 1992 | 1602567 |
| isolation of borrelia burgdorferi from peromyscus leucopus in oklahoma. | borrelia burgdorferi was isolated from a field-caught peromyscus leucopus from central oklahoma (usa). the strain was identified as b. burgdorferi by reaction with monoclonal antibody h5332 specific for the outer surface protein ospa of b. burgdorferi. this represents the first isolation of b. burgdorferi from a wild mouse outside of the normal range of the known vectors ixodes dammini and i. pacificus. | 1992 | 1602581 |
| isolation of borrelia burgdorferi from a lyme seronegative patient in northern italy: expression of ospb immunodominant proteins on the isolated strain. | this paper describes the antigenic characteristics of a strain of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from a patient seronegative for lyme borreliosis, in the early stage of the illness. the strain was not recognized by a late serum sample from the patient; the isolate reacted in immunoblotting with some of the monoclonal antibodies directed against the immunodominant antigens of borrelia burgdorferi. in addition to the ospa antigen this strain carries also the epitopes of ospb proteins, unlike the ma ... | 1992 | 1602993 |
| differential cleavage of surface proteins of borrelia burgdorferi by proteases. | the differential cleavage of surface proteins of borrelia burgdorferi irs strains by several proteases was examined. proteinase k, trypsin, chymotrypsin and thermolysin all cleaved the outer surface protein b (ospb) to undetectable levels by coomassie brilliant blue staining, whereas some residual protein was detected by immunoblotting with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. not even antigenic fragments were detectable by immunoblotting with 1a8 monoclonal antibody reactive with ospb. less ef ... | 1992 | 1602994 |
| lyme disease in california: a novel enzootic transmission cycle of borrelia burgdorferi. | knowledge of zoonotic transmission cycles is essential for the development of effective strategies for disease prevention. the enzootiology of lyme disease in california differs fundamentally from that reported from the eastern united states. woodrats, not mice, serve as reservoir hosts, and ixodes neotomae, a nonhuman-biting tick, maintains the agent of lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi, in enzootic cycles. the western black-legged tick, ixodes pacificus, is the primary vector to humans, but i ... | 1992 | 1604318 |
| [prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi infection in an area of barcelona]. | | 1992 | 1606233 |
| the clinical and epidemiological profile of lyme neuroborreliosis in denmark 1985-1990. a prospective study of 187 patients with borrelia burgdorferi specific intrathecal antibody production. | this prospective study reports the clinical and epidemiological features of 187 consecutive patients with neuroborreliosis recognized in denmark over the 6-yr period, 1985-1990. only patients with intrathecal borrelia burgdorferi specific antibody synthesis were included. in 1990 regional incidences varied between 5.7 and 24.1 per million. ninety-four percent of the patients had early (second stage) neuroborreliosis. the most common manifestation was a painful lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (ban ... | 1992 | 1606475 |
| elimination of borrelia burgdorferi from vector ticks feeding on ospa-immunized mice. | although recombinant outer surface protein a (ospa) of borrelia burgdorferi protects mice against injected lyme disease spirochetes, the mode of protection has not yet been explored. indeed, the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity against a realistic vector-mediated challenge remains unexplored. accordingly, we determined whether this immunogen protects mice against spirochetes delivered by nymphal ixodes dammini ticks. following challenge by tick bite, no spirochetes could be cultured from imm ... | 1992 | 1608951 |
| biting back at lyme disease. | | 1992 | 1609273 |
| [validity of positive anti-borrelia antibodies in the diagnosis of neuroborreliosis]. | | 1992 | 1610599 |
| [positive anti-borrelia antibodies in patients with clinical manifestations compatible with neuroborreliosis]. | the clinical features of 19 patients with neurological manifestations unexplained by another disease and positive serology for borrelia burgdorferi were studied. ecm was present in only 11% of the cases and 32% referred tick bite. the characteristic features for suspicion of nb according to our series was the presence of polyneuritis in 84% of the cases specially in the form of multiple mononeuritis and involvement of the facial nerve (79%) leading to even greater suspicion with the association ... | 1992 | 1610600 |
| characterization of borrelia burgdorferi glycoconjugates and surface carbohydrates. | borrelia burgdorferi glycoconjugates with different oligosaccharide structures were characterized by a blotting technique with peroxidase-labelled lectins. the localization of surface carbohydrates was studied using electron microscopy with lectin-gold complexes. a high-mannose glycan structure was detected in 83 kda glycoprotein (major extracellular protein); at least four carbohydrates (glucose or mannose, galactose, n-acetylgalactosamine and n-acetylglucosamine) were present in other borrelia ... | 1992 | 1611204 |
| analysis and expression of the borrelia burgdorferi p/gau fla gene: identification of heterogeneity with the b31 strain. | the flagellin gene from the p/gau strain of borrelia burgdorferi was cloned and sequenced. the translated p/gau flagellin protein differed from the flagellin of the b31 strain at 13 of 336 amino acids. this includes seven differences between amino acids 190-234, an immunodominant and specific region for b. burgdorferi. the entire flagellin molecule, as well as peptides of the internal portion of the protein which is more specific for b. burgdorferi, has been expressed in escherichia coli using a ... | 1992 | 1612419 |
| immunoglobulin g2 confers protection against borrelia burgdorferi infection in lsh hamsters. | we showed that immune serum and its immunoglobulin fractions, specifically immunoglobulin g2 (igg2), could confer complete protection to irradiated hamsters challenged with the lyme disease spirochete. immune serum and its immunoglobulin fractions also killed borrelia burgdorferi in vitro. depletion of complement in vivo abrogated the ability of igg2 to confer complete protection against b. burgdorferi. furthermore, the majority of antibody reactivity directed against b. burgdorferi was found in ... | 1992 | 1612738 |
| lyme disease. | lyme disease, a multisystem disorder, has now been reported to the centers for disease control from 43 states of the united states. the disease is a tick-transmitted infectious disorder caused by the spirochete bacterium borrelia burgdorferi. lyme disease typically begins with the symptoms of flu associated with a characteristic skin rash, erythema chronicum migrans. the diagnosis of lyme disease is best made by clinical examination and epidemiologic history, with serologic studies supporting th ... | 1992 | 1612941 |
| western blotting for the diagnosis of borrelia burgdorferi infection in patients with sacroiliitis. | | 1992 | 1613726 |
| [simultaneous infection with borrelia burgdorferi--fsme virus]. | | 1992 | 1614078 |
| [lyme disease in switzerland: ocular involvement]. | lyme disease is a multisystem disorder caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by a tick (ixodes ricinus). lyme disease is divided into three stages (infection, dissemination and immunological reactions). ocular manifestations are rare except for conjunctivitis and facial nerve palsy. switzerland is an endemic zone for lyme disease; the presence of an atypical pars planitis should prompt a search for lyme disease. | 1992 | 1614153 |
| [meningitis in 154 children of a pediatric clinic in germany: clinical and epidemiologic aspects]. | in a retrospective study, the histories of the non-neonates treated for primary meningitis in the pediatric department of mainz university hospital between 1986 and 1989 were analyzed with regard to etiological, diagnostic, clinical and epidemiological criteria. in the period studied there were 37 cases of infectious meningitis (11 neisseria meningitidis (29.7%), 7 h. influenzae (18.9%), 3 s. pneumoniae (8.1%), 16 other (43.2%)), and 117 cases of acute aseptic meningitis syndrome (12 mumps virus ... | 1992 | 1614183 |
| [suspected lyme borreliosis: how to diagnose, whom to treat?]. | lyme borreliosis is diagnosed or presumed primarily on a clinical basis. serological tests may help to increase the diagnostic certainty. type and duration of antibiotic therapy depend on the stage of the disease. | 1992 | 1615461 |
| serodiagnosis of leptospirosis in pigs using an axial filament enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the axial filament (af) from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola was isolated by cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation of 2% sarcosyl treated whole cells. isolation of af was confirmed by electron microscopic examination, by protein-a immunogold labelling, sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), and immunoblotting. analysis by sds-page of the purified preparation showed relatively weak bands of molecular size 41 kda and 21 kda, and strong bands of 35 ... | 1992 | 1615635 |
| [incidence of borrelia burgdorferi infection in isolated facial paralysis. a prospective study]. | between the causes of facial paralysis, similar to bell's palsy, recently are included those due to some families of spirochaeta (borrelia burgdorferi) transmitted through tick-bite. these bacteria, besides de facial palsy, may produce several degrees of lymphocytic meningitis and subsequently the paralysis of the face, sometimes clumsy or recurrent. the treatment being the antibiotic drugs, never the corticoids. in the paper are explained prospectively the incidence of this disease in the aa's ... | 1992 | 1616069 |
| failure of borrelia burgdorferi to survive in the skin of patients with antibiotic-treated lyme disease. | borrelia burgdorferi has been cultivated from clinically normal skin (previous erythema migrans sites) after antibiotic therapy for lyme disease. | 1992 | 1619074 |
| research on ticks and tickborne pathogens in missouri--an interim research report. | | 1992 | 1620086 |
| lyme borreliosis in bell's palsy. long island neuroborreliosis collaborative study group. | lyme borreliosis (lb) causes a range of neurologic manifestations, the most common of which is facial nerve paralysis. to evaluate nervous system lb, we organized a neurologic collaborative study group in suffolk county, ny, a region of high lb incidence. between july and september 1989, lb serologies were performed on all patients with new-onset bell's palsy. seven of 32 had serologic evidence of lb at onset. one, initially seronegative, was highly seropositive 5 weeks later. in the five in who ... | 1992 | 1620330 |
| borrelia burgdorferi and other related spirochetes bind to galactocerebroside. | spirochetes are agents of neurologic disease that may utilize specific neural cell surface molecules for adhesion. borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease, bound to galactocerebroside (galcer) in numbers that were two- to threefold greater than to ceramide and glucocerebroside, and four- to fivefold greater than to sphingosine, psychosine, sulfatide, cholesterol, and three membrane phospholipids. the adherence was greater to galcer and ceramide with a higher content of alpha-hy ... | 1992 | 1620344 |
| selection of a borrelia burgdorferi antigenic variant by cultivation in the presence of increasing amounts of homologous immune serum. | this investigation was undertaken to select antigenic variants of a borrelia burgdorferi strain in vitro. the original strain bits was cultivated in bsk medium supplemented with increasing concentrations of homologous hyperimmune serum raised in rabbits. after a few serial passages starting from a subinhibitory serum dilution of 1:800 in bsk up to 1:200, a variant named bitsv was obtained; it grew abundantly like the control culture in the presence of hyperimmune serum. analysis of the antigenic ... | 1992 | 1624108 |
| antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in rodents in the eastern and southern united states. | serologic studies were conducted to determine whether white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) and cotton mice (peromyscus gossypinus) contained serum antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme borreliosis. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays detected antibodies to this spirochete in 35.7 and 27.3% of 56 p. leucopus and 535 p. gossypinus serum samples, respectively, collected in connecticut, north carolina, south carolina, georgia, florida, alabama, and mississippi. antibody t ... | 1992 | 1624561 |
| detection of borreliacidal antibodies in hamsters by using flow cytometry. | flow cytometry can be used to detect antibody that kills borrelia burgdorferi. borreliacidal activity was detected within 3 h of incubating b. burgdorferi with immune serum and complement. right-angle light scatter and propidium iodide fluorescence were the cytometric parameters which correlated best with in vitro killing of b. burgdorferi. flow cytometry is a rapid method for determining the presence of borreliacidal activity and may lead to a better serodiagnostic test for the detection of lym ... | 1992 | 1624563 |
| first isolation of borrelia burgdorferi in southern california. | the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi johnson, schmid, hyde, steigerwalt & brenner, was isolated from the blood of a dusky-footed wood rat, neotoma fuscipes baird, in the san bernardino mountains of southern california. antigenic, protein, and molecular analyses demonstrated that the isolate varied slightly from most isolates of b. burgdorferi from northern california and was clearly distinct from other species of borrelia that are endemic to the state. this is the first reported iso ... | 1992 | 1625299 |
| inability of ixodes cookei and amblyomma americanum nymphs (acari: ixodidae) to transmit borrelia burgdorferi. | the vector competency of ixodes cookei packard and amblyomma americanum (l.) for borrelia burgdorferi was studied using syrian hamsters. ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin were used as controls. darkfield and immunofluorescent examinations of midgut diverticula revealed b. burgdorferi spirochetes in 32 of 36 (88.9%) i. dammini larvae, 5 of 36 (13.9%) i. cookei larvae, and 7 of 36 (19.4%) a. americanum larvae within 48 h after feeding on infected syrian hamsters. b. burgdorferi w ... | 1992 | 1625302 |
| serological survey for lyme disease in domestic dogs and white-tailed deer from oklahoma. | sera from 223 randomly selected dogs and 489 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were tested for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi using an indirect kinetic elisa. dog samples were obtained in 1989 whereas deer samples were obtained between 1975 and 1990. ten known negatives and two known positives from each group were run on each plate as controls. samples showing mean mod values above the mean of negatives + 3 sd were considered positive. twenty-six dog (11.7%) and 22 deer (4.5%) sampl ... | 1992 | 1626867 |
| epizootiology of lyme disease and methods of cultivating borrelia burgdorferi. | lyme disease is prevalent over vast areas of land in the northern hemisphere. the etiologic agent is a spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, that is transmitted by ixodes ticks. at least five species of anthropophilic ticks are competent vectors, and the causative agent or closely related species have been detected in 20 wild or domestic mammals and eight birds. the ability to isolate and culture b. burgdorferi from humans, ticks, and wildlife has significantly contributed to our understanding of th ... | 1992 | 1626892 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi in human blood and urine using the polymerase chain reaction. | we investigated the use of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect borrelia burgdorferi strain b-31 in human blood and urine experimentally inoculated with 5 and 1 borreliae/cm3, respectively, and to biotinylate a dna probe specific for b. burgdorferi in the dot blot and southern blot assays. when the blood and urine samples were subjected to pcr, a 370-bp amplified product was consistently visible on agarose gel electrophoresis after 30 and 45 cycles, respectively. the total human genomic ... | 1992 | 1627262 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi dna in urine samples and cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with early and late lyme neuroborreliosis by polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed for use in the identification of a 248-bp fragment of the borrelia burgdorferi flagellin gene in urine and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients with lyme neuroborreliosis. the specificities of the pcr products were confirmed by dna-dna hybridization with an internal probe. the assay had a detection limit of 10 in vitro-cultivated b. burgdorferi. the pcr assay seemed to be species wide as well as species specific, since dna from all 21 b. burgdor ... | 1992 | 1629318 |
| lyme disease knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors--connecticut, 1992. | lyme disease (ld), caused by infection with the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, is the most commonly reported tick-borne illness in the united states (1). because no vaccine is available and effective measures to control tick populations are experimental, education is the most important approach to preventing ld. ld was identified in connecticut in 1975 (2); in 1991, connecticut had the highest rate of ld in the united states (36 per 100,000 population), and cases were reported in residents fro ... | 1992 | 1630426 |
| epidemiology and prevalence of seropositivity against borrelia burgdorferi antigen in la rioja, spain. | the aim of this study was to acquire a better knowledge of the epidemiology of lyme disease. a seroepidemiologic study was made by evaluating the different levels of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in a five hundred serum representative sample of a population from the province of la rioja, spain. samples were randomly selected and stratified to take into account sex, age, rural or urban residence, and geographical area. all subjects included in the study were asked to fill out a questionnaire ... | 1992 | 1631381 |
| bilateral facial palsy caused by the borrelia spirochete. | a case of total left peripheral and partial right peripheral facial palsy caused by the borrelia spirochete is presented. the diagnosis was confirmed by the history of the tick-bites and elevated titers of igg in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. | 1992 | 1632233 |
| the nih-3 immunodeficient mouse is a model for lyme borreliosis myositis and carditis. | experimental infection of immunodeficient nih-3 (n:nih-bg-nu-xid) mice with borrelia burgdorferi was found to result in multisystem histopathologic lesions. in addition to t-cell deficiency due to the nude mutation, these mice have an x-linked defect affecting the b-cell maturation and the beige mutation resulting in the absence of nk cells. nih-3 mice were susceptible to progressive infection with b. burgdorferi resulting in pancarditis, synovitis, and skeletal interstitial myositis whereas con ... | 1992 | 1632468 |
| fibroblasts protect the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, from ceftriaxone in vitro. | the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, can be recovered long after initial infection, even from antibiotic-treated patients, indicating that it resists eradication by host defense mechanisms and antibiotics. since b. burgdorferi first infects skin, the possible protective effect of skin fibroblasts from an antibiotic commonly used to treat lyme disease, ceftriaxone, was examined. human foreskin fibroblasts protected b. burgdorferi from the lethal action of a 2-day exposure to ceftria ... | 1992 | 1634816 |
| the vector of the lyme disease spirochete. | | 1992 | 1635568 |
| clustering of host-seeking nymphal deer ticks (ixodes dammini) infected by lyme disease spirochetes (borrelia burgdorferi). | in areas where the agent of lyme disease is intensely enzootic, the mouse reservoirs may be universally infected. because a large proportion of the vector tick population appears to feed upon these hosts, the prevalence of infection in the vectors should approach 100%. however, infection in host-seeking nymphal ticks in nature rarely exceeds 40%. to help reconcile this apparent paradox, we examined whether estimates of prevalence might differ if we did not assume that infected ticks are randomly ... | 1992 | 1636884 |
| lyme disease associated with fibromyalgia. | to describe the clinical and laboratory findings as well as results of treatment in patients with lyme disease associated with fibromyalgia. | 1992 | 1637022 |
| evidence for b-lymphocyte mitogen activity in borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice. | borrelia burgdorferi produces a mitogen for murine b lymphocytes which can be measured in vitro by polyclonal stimulation of proliferation and immunoglobulin production (r. schoenfeld, b. araneo, y. ma, l. yang, and j. j. weis, infect. immun. 60:455-464, 1992). sonicated b. burgdorferi cells also stimulated il-6 production by splenocyte cultures. we have used the murine model for lyme disease described by barthold et al. (s. w. barthold, d. s. beck, g. m. hansen, g. a. terwilliger, and k. d. moo ... | 1992 | 1639470 |
| selection of an escape variant of borrelia burgdorferi by use of bactericidal monoclonal antibodies to ospb. | two immunoglobulin g (igg) monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to outer surface protein b (cb2 and cb6), affinity purified from mouse ascitic fluid, exhibited concentration-dependent inhibitory and bactericidal properties against borrelia burgdorferi after a 24-h incubation period in spirochete medium. fab fragments derived from these mabs showed the same effects, indicating that they were not caused by agglutination of the organisms by the intact mabs. the inhibition of spirochete growth in cultures c ... | 1992 | 1639477 |
| hemolytic activity of borrelia burgdorferi. | zones of beta-hemolysis occurred around colonies of borrelia burgdorferi grown on barbour-stoenner-kelly medium containing agarose and horse blood. blood plates were inoculated with either the infective strain sh-2-82 or noninfective strain b-31 in an overlay and incubated in a candle jar. both strains of b. burgdorferi displayed beta-hemolysis after 1 to 2 weeks of incubation. the hemolytic activity diffused out from the borrelial colonies, eventually resulting in lysis of the entire blood plat ... | 1992 | 1639493 |
| borrelia burgdorferi in the central nervous system. | | 1992 | 1640607 |
| borrelia burgdorferi in the central nervous system. | | 1992 | 1640608 |
| borrelia burgdorferi in the central nervous system. | | 1992 | 1640609 |
| performance of 45 laboratories participating in a proficiency testing program for lyme disease serology. | we show that significant interlaboratory and intralaboratory variations exist in lyme disease proficiency testing. | 1992 | 1640618 |
| molecular characterization of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from ixodes ricinus in northern sweden. | ixodes ricinus ticks, harbouring borrelia burgdorferi, were found in an area in northern sweden, not thought to be endemic for lyme borreliosis. this investigation took place at norrbyskär, an island situated in the bothnian gulf, 63 degrees 33'n/19 degrees 52'e. one of 42 nymphal and 8/43 adult i. ricinus ticks collected carried spirochetes as seen by phase contrast microscopy. pure bacterial cultures were obtained from 2 of the ticks. western blot analysis using species-specific monoclonal ant ... | 1992 | 1641595 |
| [recurrent erythema and fever]. | | 1992 | 1643133 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of dna from human intestinal spirochetes. | hindiii cleaved human intestinal spirochete genomic dna was cloned into the plasmid vector pbluescript. the inserts from three of these clones (prb.c33, prb.c47 and prb.f11) successfully hybridized with dna from the nine human intestinal spirochetes used in this study. the fourth insert (from clone prb.a8) failed to hybridize with dna from two of these isolates (hrm4 and hrm9), and, all four of the inserts hybridized with the m1 strain of swine intestinal spirochete treponema innocens. hybridiza ... | 1992 | 1644136 |
| linear- and circular-plasmid copy numbers in borrelia burgdorferi. | borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease agent, and other members of the spirochetal genus borrelia have double-stranded linear plasmids in addition to supercoiled circular plasmids. the copy number relative to the chromosome was determined for 49- and 16-kb linear plasmids and a 27-kb circular plasmid of the type strain, b31, of b. burgdorferi. all three plasmids were present in low copy number, about one per chromosome equivalent, as determined by relative hybridizations of replicon-specific dna ... | 1992 | 1644750 |
| vasculitic mononeuritis multiplex in patient with lyme disease. | lyme borreliosis is an infectious disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. neurological complications are frequently reported but the pathogenesis remains largely unknown. we report on a patient with positive borrelia antibodies at elisa and immunoblotting and with histological and immunofluorescence study of peripheral nerve biopsy consistent with vasculitic neuropathy. | 1991 | 1649149 |
| phenotypic and genotypic analysis of borrelia burgdorferi isolates from various sources. | a total of 17 b. burgdorferi isolates from various sources were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole-cell proteins, restriction enzyme analysis, southern hybridization with probes complementary to unique regions of evolutionarily conserved genes (16s rrna and fla), and direct sequencing of in vitro polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragments of the 16s rrna gene. three groups were distinguished on the basis of phenotypic and genotypic traits, the ... | 1991 | 1649797 |
| [the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of powassan encephalitis in the southern soviet far east]. | the present communication deals with the analysis of 14 cases of powassan encephalitis. as shown in this study, the course of this infection may be accompanied by symptoms indicating the presence of cerebral and meningeal lesions (in 7 cases meningoencephalitic forms with one fatal outcome and in 2 cases meningeal forms were registered) or take febrile and inapparent forms (5 cases). powassan encephalitis was found to give characteristic symptoms of cerebellovestibular lesions, differentiating t ... | 1991 | 1651637 |
| effect of a beta-lactamase inhibitor, tazobactam, on growth and penicillin-binding proteins of borrelia burgdorferi. | the effects of tazobactam, a relatively new beta-lactamase inhibitor, were investigated on growth and penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) of borrellia burgdorferi. a previous communication from our group demonstrated several proteins capable of binding labelled penicillin in this organism. of these proteins, 94-kda and 57-kda pbps possessed the highest affinity for penicillin and were assumed to be essential proteins involved in cell-wall synthesis. in these experiments, tazobactam was used in co ... | 1991 | 1657694 |
| north american lyme neuroborreliosis. | clinical, neurophysiologic and laboratory findings obtained in american patients with nervous system lyme borreliosis were compared to published observations in european neuroborreliosis patients. in both populations, borrelia burgdorferi infection is commonly associated with neurologic abnormalities. european reports have emphasized dramatic clinical phenomena, such as painful radiculitis (garin-bujadoux-bannwarth syndrome) and chronic progressive spastic paraparesis. north american patients se ... | 1991 | 1658921 |
| the activity of azithromycin in animal models of infection. | high and prolonged tissue levels accompanied by low serum concentrations are a feature of azithromycin, an azalide antibiotic. it has a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms and several intracellular pathogens. a number of animal models of localised infection have been developed which demonstrate that the efficacy of azithromycin correlates with its extravascular pharmacokinetics and not with blood levels. in many instances, because of high tissue bioa ... | 1991 | 1662625 |
| is sarcoidosis a borreliosis? | recently some authors have suggested that sarcoidosis may be a borreliosis. thus in the period april to june 1991 we studied serum samples of 12 sarcoid patients (pts) by elisa in order to identify antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi (bb). none had positive results. we conclude that great caution is to be used in advancing the hypothesis of an etiologic role of bb in sarcoidosis. | 1991 | 1669979 |
| tick-borne borreliosis in west africa. | reported cases of tick-borne relapsing fever due to the spirochaete borrelia crocidurae are rare in west africa, and few epidemiological data are available. to see how common relapsing fever is in senegal thick blood smears from cases of fever of unknown origin and from randomly selected clinic outpatients from a rural dispensary were examined for borrelia. the prevalence of borrelia infections in small mammals was also assessed. borrelia was seen in smears of 12 (0.9%) of 1340 children. all chi ... | 1991 | 1671481 |
| comparison of four different serological methods for detection of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in erythema migrans. | three different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) and western blot were compared in regard to the detection of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in sera from 100 patients with erythema migrans and from 100 controls. for igg detection, a commercial indirect elisa kit with flagellum antigen (flagellum elisa) was significantly more sensitive than the routinely-used indirect elisa with sonicated whole-cell antigen (sonicate elisa) (p = 0.008). the difference in positivity in the igm test w ... | 1991 | 1675520 |
| borrelia burgdorferi in urban parks. | | 1991 | 1676804 |
| isolation of lyme disease spirochetes from an ixodid tick in hokkaido, japan. | | 1991 | 1678577 |
| lyme borreliosis. | borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease, was the topic of an international conference in stockholm which assembled 500 scientists from all over the world. about 300 oral and poster presentations revealed many new details on the complex life history of this bacterium, its molecular characteristics, the clinical consequences of human and animal infections, new diagnostic procedures and therapeutic regimens. | 1991 | 1679024 |
| evaluation of the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (fta-abs) test specificity. | serum samples from 43 patients with positive test for syphilis only in the fta-abs test, were evaluated. three had primary or treated syphilis. twenty-one (49%) had clinical and/or serological signs of lyme borreliosis as assessed by whole-cell sonicate borrelia burgdorferi elisa and western blot techniques. seven (16%) had genital herpes simplex infection and the remaining 12 patients, miscellaneous disorders. in control sera from 30 patients with lyme borreliosis an isolated positive fta-abs r ... | 1991 | 1681646 |
| molecular mimicry and lyme borreliosis. | | 1990 | 1699473 |
| immunoreactive epitopes on an expressed recombinant flagellar protein of borrelia burgdorferi. | a recombinant borrelia burgdorferi flagellin protein expressed in escherichia coli is bound by a murine monoclonal antiflagellin antibody (h9724) and by antibodies in the sera of patients with lyme disease. immunoreactive epitopes on the flagellar protein were identified by immunoblot analysis of antibody binding to expressed truncated flagellar proteins. the epitope recognized by the murine monoclonal antibody is within the central heterologous region of the flagellar protein (amino acids 90 to ... | 1991 | 1702766 |
| analysis of the borrelia burgdorferi geho fla gene and antigenic characterization of its gene product. | the fla gene of borrelia burgdorferi geho was analyzed and expressed in escherichia coli. the structural gene encodes a flagellar protein of 336 amino acids. comparative sequence analysis of the amino acid sequence revealed a high degree of sequence conservation with flagellins from both phylogenetically related and unrelated bacteria. the antigenic properties of the b. burgdorferi fla protein were studied by synthesizing overlapping octapeptides, which were screened by using a battery of differ ... | 1991 | 1704884 |
| the variable antigens vmp7 and vmp21 of the relapsing fever bacterium borrelia hermsii are structurally analogous to the vsg proteins of the african trypanosome. | the relapsing fever agent borrelia hermsii avoids the host's immune response by the strategy of multiphasic antigenic variation. a given borrelia cell can express one of a number of alleles for polymorphic outer-membrane proteins, known as vmp proteins. the genes for the variant-specific vmp proteins of serotypes 7 and 21 of b. hermsii strain hs1 were sequenced. the genes, which were designated vmp7 and vmp21, were obtained from populations of borreliae before and after a switch in serotypes fro ... | 1990 | 1706456 |
| cells secreting antibodies to myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with lyme neuroborreliosis. | an autoimmune response to myelin basic protein (mbp) has been proposed to participate in the development of the chronic neurologic manifestations that may accompany borrelia burgdorferi-induced lyme disease. using an immunospot assay, we counted cells secreting antibodies to mbp. anti-mbp igg antibody-secreting cells were detected in csf from eight of 13 consecutive patients with lyme neuroborreliosis irrespective of stage of disease. the numbers were between 1/370 and 1/5,000 csf cells (mean, 1 ... | 1991 | 1707148 |
| t cell and antibody reactivity with the borrelia burgdorferi 60-kda heat shock protein in lyme arthritis. | the reactivity of cloned t cells and serum antibodies, obtained from patients with chronic lyme arthritis, with expressed recombinant b. burgdorferi 60-kda heat shock protein homologue (hsp60) was analyzed. the expressed recombinant borrelia burgdorferi hsp60 was bound by antibodies in the sera of patients with lyme arthritis, but not by control sera. a t cell clone (cr253), isolated from one of four patients examined, exhibited an hla-dr2 restricted proliferative response to the expressed recom ... | 1991 | 1709664 |
| specific immunofluorescence staining of treponema pallidum in smears and tissues. | to date, tissue sections prepared from formalin-fixed tissues have not been successfully stained with treponema pallidum subspecies-specific antibody in a direct fluorescent-antibody assay. while current methods stain t. pallidum, they do not distinguish t. pallidum from other spirochetes such as borrelia burgdorferi (e. f. hunter, p. w. greer, b. l. swisher, a. r. simons, c. e. farshy, j. a. crawford, and k. r. sulzer, arch. pathol. lab. med. 108:878-880, 1984). because trypsin pretreatment of ... | 1991 | 1709944 |
| evidence for (lipo) oligosaccharides in borrelia burgdorferi and their serological specificity. | sds-page and western immunoblot profiles have been determined for different strains of borrelia burgdorferi. major proteins of 60 kda, 41 kda corresponding to flagellin, 34-36 kda and 30-31 kda corresponding to ospb and ospa respectively, and 18-20 kda corresponding to 'pc' fractions were detected. a "rough" lipopolysaccharide which we called lipooligosaccharide (los) of 8-11 kda appeared to be present, being detected by specific silver staining, as in crude borrelia lysates as in proteinase k d ... | 1991 | 1711876 |
| infective acute transverse myelopathy. report of two cases. | two children with acute transverse myelopathy following adenovirus and borrelia burgdorferi infections are presented. the diagnosis stems from the clinical presentation, the determination of specific antibodies in serum and the favorable response to penicillin treatment in the case of neuroborreliosis. both children made a good recovery. the cerebrospinal fluid examination showed a highly increased myelin basic protein concentration, indicating demyelination. | 1991 | 1713310 |
| adsorption with a soluble e. coli antigen fraction improves the specificity of elisa tests for lyme disease. | we reported that preadsorption of patient serum with heat killed e. coli increased the specificity of elisa for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi. that procedure required extra specimen handling and a preincubation. we report the use of a soluble e. coli antigen fraction that is included in serum diluent, eliminating additional steps. sera from 220 individuals were tested for antibodies to b. burgdorferi. twenty sera were obtained from patients with lyme disease and 200 sera were from a populat ... | 1991 | 1713972 |
| morphology of borrelia burgdorferi: structural patterns of cultured borreliae in relation to staining methods. | the microscopic recognition of borrelia burgdorferi in biologic fluids and tissues is difficult and challenging because of low numbers of organisms occurring as single isolated spirochetes, the apparent lack of colony formation in tissues, and differing lengths and structural morphologies. to identify the most common morphologic forms, we studied numerous cultures by a variety of microscopic techniques. culture suspensions of b. burgdorferi were stained by several different histochemical procedu ... | 1991 | 1716264 |
| molecular mapping of osp-a mediated immunity against borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of lyme disease. | it is paradoxical that although antibodies to the outer surface protein (osp) a of borrelia burgdorferi protect mice against infection and that immunization of uninfected mice with osp-a is protective, antibodies to osp-a induced early in natural infection of mice are not curative. a region recognized by a neutralizing mab is also recognized by sera from chronically infected or immunized mice but is not bound by sera from mice infected for 15 days. infection in mice, despite the presence of earl ... | 1991 | 1716290 |
| identification of an immunoreactive non-proteinaleous component in borrelia burgdorferi. | investigations of immunoblots using borrelia burgdorferi antigen demonstrated that a band, migrating faster than the bromophenol blue front in sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, reacted strongly with sera containing anti-borrelia burgdorferi antibodies preferentially of the igg class. extraction of this antigenic component and chemical analyses showed that the substance was composed mainly of fatty acids and carbohydrates. typical structures of classical lipooolysaccharides such as 3-de ... | 1991 | 1722277 |
| comparative ability of various detergents to extract proteins of borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia hermsii. | borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia hermsii were treated with the following detergents: sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds), n-lauryl sarcosine (sarkosyl) and triton x-100, and the soluble and insoluble fractions obtained after each detergent treatment were examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. sarkosyl as well as sds solubilized all borrelia proteins, whereas triton x-100 treatment selectively solubilized the majority of other borrelial proteins, leaving two proteins o ... | 1991 | 1723136 |
| [retrospective study of a borreliosis infected blood donor]. | lyme disease is caused by a spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, and represents a potential transfusion hazard. some borrelia burgdorferi-infected blood donors may not be disqualified by standard donor selection procedures, thus possibly transmitting the disease. in a follow-up of 14 recipients of blood products donated by such a donor, no clinical signs or serologic evidence of a transfusion-transmitted borreliosis could be demonstrated. | 1991 | 1725647 |
| immunological characterization of a low molecular mass polypeptidic antigen of borrelia burgdorferi. | the presence of a low molecular mass polypeptidic antigen in borrelia burgdorferi was described. the protein was exposed at the bacterial surface since it was clearly identified by mab 3h4 using the immunofluorescence test performed with living bacteria. this antigen was cleaved by proteinase k treatment, whereas it was resistant to the action of chymotrypsin, trypsin and thermolysin. western blotting analysis of the immunological reactivity of this antigenic structure performed using monoclonal ... | 1991 | 1725956 |
| serological evidence of an association between lyme borreliosis and intermediate uveitis. | | 1992 | 1730342 |
| demonstration of a b-lymphocyte mitogen produced by the lyme disease pathogen, borrelia burgdorferi. | lyme disease refers to the multisymptomatic illness in humans which results from infection with the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. the white-footed mouse is the major reservoir for b. burgdorferi and, upon infection, certain inbred mice develop symptoms similar to those reported in human disease. sonicated preparations of washed spirochetes were found to have potent mitogenic activity when cultured with lymphocytes from naive c57bl/6, c3h/hej, or balb/c mice. the activity of the b. ... | 1992 | 1730476 |
| roles of ospa, ospb, and flagellin in protective immunity to lyme borreliosis in laboratory mice. | vaccination with recombinant outer surface protein a (ospa) has been shown to protect mice from infection with borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease agent. to determine whether antibodies to b. burgdorferi proteins other than ospa are involved in protective immunity, antibodies to ospa were removed from protective anti-b. burgdorferi serum; the residual serum was still protective. absorption of ospa and ospb antibodies from anti-b. burgdorferi serum eliminated the protective effect. therefore, ... | 1992 | 1730500 |
| morphology and dynamics of protruding spirochete periplasmic flagella. | we recently characterized the three-dimensional shape of treponema phagedenis periplasmic flagella (pfs). in the course of these studies, we observed protrusions on swimming cells that resembled pfs. here we present a detailed characterization of the shape, structure, and motion of these protrusions. although protrusion formation occurred primarily in wild-type cells during the stationary phase, a large fraction of exponential-phase cells of cell cylinder helicity mutants (greater than 90% of mu ... | 1992 | 1732217 |
| ovalbumin blocking improves sensitivity and specificity of immunoglobulin m immunoblotting for serodiagnosis of patients with erythema migrans. | to improve the serodiagnosis of erythema migrans, we evaluated how sensitivity and specificity of immunoblotting are influenced by antigen concentration and blocking conditions. we found that an antigen concentration of 0.5 micrograms per lane in concert with ovalbumin blocking of the nitrocellulose provided the best results. in this case, 81% of the erythema migrans had positive immunoglobulin m tests, whereas only 33% were positive in a flagellum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and 2 ... | 1992 | 1734059 |