| human monoclonal antibodies against a recombinant hiv envelope antigen produced by primary in vitro immunization. characterization and epitope mapping. | peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy, hiv sero-negative blood donors have been in vitro immunized using penv9, a recombinant fragment of the envelope of hiv-1. this primary in vitro immunization followed by epstein-barr virus (ebv) transformation and somatic cell fusion subsequently gave rise to several specific anti-penv9 monoclonal antibodies (mo28, mo30 and mo43) of mu isotype. the hybridomas have been kept in culture for over 6 months and the antibody productivity for mo30 was measured ... | 1989 | 2480328 |
| processing of tetanus toxin by human antigen-presenting cells. evidence for donor and epitope-specific processing pathways. | human t cell clones specific for epitopes 830-843 and 947-967 of tetanus toxin can be differentially activated in vitro when apc (pbl or lcl) from different donors are pulsed with tetanus toxin. although pbl tested do not seem to exhibit substantial differences in the number of precursor t cells specific for these epitopes, apc from the same donors activate clone kt-2 specific for peptide 830-843 but not clone kt-30 specific for peptide 947-967. these apc express the proper restriction element b ... | 1989 | 2480377 |
| long-term culture and fine specificity of human cytotoxic t-lymphocyte clones reactive with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | the definition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) immunogenic epitopes is central to the rational design of aids vaccine strategies. in this study, we have generated seven hiv-1 reverse transcriptase-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) clones from the peripheral blood of two seropositive subjects. epitopes recognized by these ctl clones were identified by using target cells infected with recombinant hiv-1-vaccinia virus vectors expressing truncated reverse transcriptase proteins an ... | 1989 | 2480604 |
| construction of an ebv-derived shuttle vector for studying the influence of transcription on mutagenesis. | we have constructed an ebv-derived shuttle vector, pf1-ebv, which replicates in human cells as an extrachromosomal element. the structural sequences of the gene encoding the bacterial xanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase (gpt) were fused to the promoter and presumptive control region of the mouse metallothionein i (mt-i) gene. human 293 cells transformed with the recombinant plasmid synthesized gpt mrna and the expression of the gene was inducible by zinc. the gpt gene offers a convenient ... | 1989 | 2480810 |
| alpha-interferon therapy for lymphoproliferative disorders developing in two children following bone marrow transplants. | two children developed lymphoproliferative processes following marrow transplantation. one of the two lymphoproliferative processes was documented to be epstein-barr virus (ebv)-associated. both children received an extended course of alpha-interferon and gammaglobulin and responded with the disappearance of the lymphoproliferative process. side effects from the alpha-interferon were minimal. previous experience with ebv-associated lymphoproliferative processes following marrow transplantation h ... | 1989 | 2480993 |
| herpesviruses: manifestations and transmission. | | 1989 | 2481002 |
| stimulation of human b lymphocyte differentiation by the neuropeptides substance p and neurokinin a. | substance p (sp) at a concentration of 10(-7) m significantly increased the number of igg-producing cells induced by the polyclonal activator staphylococcus aureus protein a (spa) in 11 out of 22 cultures of enriched human blood b lymphocytes, in nine cultures sp did not significantly affect the spa response and in three cultures igg secretion was decreased in the presence of sp. stimulation by sp was observed in cultures at days 6 and/or 8. in 3 out of 4 cell cultures depleted of monocytes sp d ... | 1989 | 2481337 |
| epstein-barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis: cellular and molecular aspects. | several lines of research have indicated a possible association of the epstein-barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis (ra). the earliest evidence suggested that ra patients develop a stronger humoral immune response to ebv nuclear antigens (ebna) which may in part account for the increased titers of antibody to the ra nuclear antigen (rana). it was then pointed out that mononuclear cells from ra patients may be impaired in their capacity to control ebv infection. this may be related to a decrease i ... | 1989 | 2481874 |
| antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis react specifically with the glycine alanine repeat sequence of epstein-barr nuclear antigen-1. | antibodies to rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen (rana) are four- to sixfold increased in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra), whereas levels of antibodies to other ebv encoded antigens are slightly elevated or normal. we have demonstrated that the major epitopes recognised by anti-rana antibodies are represented by a synthetic peptide, p62, corresponding to part of the internal repeat sequence which contains only the amino acids glycine and alanine. in an enzyme-linked immunosor ... | 1989 | 2481875 |
| human monoclonal antibodies to hiv-1: cross-reactions with gag and env products. | human monoclonal antibodies were raised by in vitro immunization of normal human spleen cells with denatured hiv-1 and subsequent fusion to an epstein-barr virus (ebv) transformed cell line. three monoclonals reacted with both gag-encoded p24 core protein and env-encoded gp41 transmembrane glycoprotein. the cross-reaction was confirmed by reactivity with p24- and gp41-derived recombinant peptides. the peptides share two amino acid sequences which may be the basis for the cross-reaction. attempte ... | 1989 | 2482145 |
| construction and properties of an epstein-barr-virus-derived cdna expression vector for human cells. | a cdna expression vector containing the element orip and the sequence encoding the epstein-barr virus (ebv) nuclear antigen 1 (ebna-1) as well as the hygromycin b-resistance dominant marker gene has been constructed. its characteristics have been compared to a similar vector lacking the ebv sequences. (a) the ebv+ vector is maintained as an episome with a copy number of approx. 50 per cell, whereas the number of the integrated ebv- copies is in general smaller than 10, when simian virus 40-trans ... | 1989 | 2482230 |
| lymphoid cells, small cell lung cancer cells and epithelial cells share a membrane determinant which effects cell proliferation. | two monoclonal antibodies (mab) 1d1 and 2a6 were obtained from a fusion following hyperimmunization with prolymphocytic leukaemia (pll) b cells. these mab stain a minority of b- and t-cell leukaemias and approximately 20% of peripheral blood and tonsil t and b cells, activated with a variety of mitogens. interestingly, all small cell lung cancer (sclc) and bladder carcinoma lines examined were also stained by both mab. on sections of normal and malignant tissue 1d1 and 2a6 show strong but distin ... | 1989 | 2483307 |
| chromosome breakage induced by bleomycin in an ataxia telangiectasia lymphoblastoid line: correlation with fragile sites and epstein-barr virus dna localization. | we have analyzed the distribution of bleomycin-induced breaks in a subline of the atl9 lymphoblastoid line, derived from peripheral lymphocytes of an ataxia telangiectasia patient, transformed in vitro by epstein-barr virus (ebv). as reported elsewhere (caporossi et al., 1988), the major feature of this subline, atl9/g, is a stable achromatic gap at 1p32 in one of the chromosomes 1, overlapping a preferential site of ebv localization. the results of this paper show that this gap is highly sensit ... | 1989 | 2483540 |
| effects of interferons on human b-cell differentiation in vitro. | | 1987 | 2484953 |
| functional evidence for the recognition of endogenous peptides by autoreactive t cell clones. | the fine specificity of two human t cell clones responding to autologous hla-dr1 expressing antigen-presenting cells (apc) in the absence of nominal antigen has been investigated using epstein-barr virus-transformed b cells (bcl) of known dr beta 1 domain sequence. it was found that responsiveness was markedly affected by changes in a limited number of residues in this domain. substitution of the dr1 beta sequence at one residue, position 74, even conservatively, was found to be particularly sig ... | 1989 | 2489049 |
| [anti-rana antibodies and rheumatoid arthritis]. | anti rana antibodies were determined by the method of indirect immunofluorescence in 51 patients with the classic resp. definitive form of rheumatoid arthritis (ara) and in 19 healthy persons. anti rana antibodies were found in 92% of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in 16% of the control group. the reactive nuclear antigen is present in human b lymphocyte tissue cell cultures transformed by the epstein-barr virus--raji cells. the anti rana antibody test is very suitable for use in the ... | 1989 | 2491398 |
| a ph1 chromosome positive b cell line expresses the fusion protein p 210. | we established a b lymphocyte line from bone marrow cultures of a patient with philadelphia chromosome (ph1) positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. the cell line (mb) is positive for ph1 and has the phenotype of mature b lymphocytes transformed by the epstein-barr virus (ebv). when dna was isolated and hybridized to specific cdna probes, a rearranged immunoglobulin gene and ebv-sequences were detected. on western blots of cell extracts, the novel fusion protein (p 210) was demonstrated with anti ... | 1989 | 2492656 |
| human monoclonal anti-d antibodies. i. their production, serology, quantitation and potential use as blood grouping reagents. | eight monoclonal igg antibodies to the rh antigen d, produced by epstein-barr virus transformed b-lymphoblastoid cell lines from two individuals, have been assessed for their suitability as blood grouping reagents. all showed similar specificity and agglutinated all red cells with partial d antigens tested except category dvi cells. they gave strong reactions with du red cells in indirect antiglobulin tests, and they all gave good reactions with r1r1, r2r2 and r0r cells in manual tests using ant ... | 1989 | 2492817 |
| distribution of kappa and lambda light chain isotypes among human blood immunoglobulin-secreting cells after vaccination with pneumococcal polysaccharides. | the light chain isotype of immunoglobulin-secreting blood cells was investigated by means of monolayer plaque-forming cell assays allowing direct immunofluorescence staining for cytoplasmic kappa and lambda light chains in centre cells. the study revealed that cultured, polyclonally activated pokeweed mitogen (pwm) and epstein-barr virus (ebv), igm-, igg- and iga-secreting cells expressed the kappa light chain isotype in approximately 65% of the cells. igm- and igg-secreting cells induced by vac ... | 1989 | 2493676 |
| transformation of human cells by oncogenic viruses supports permissiveness for parvovirus h-1 propagation. | parvovirus h-1 has been shown to suppress spontaneous and chemically or virally induced tumorigenesis in hamsters. in human cell culture systems propagation of h-1 is restricted to transformed cells, which are killed by h-1 infection, in contrast to normal diploid cells, which are nonpermissive for h-1. by analyzing the permissiveness of a variety of human cells for h-1, it was determined that the majority of tested transformed or immortalized cells which were permissive for h-1 contained the dn ... | 1989 | 2495371 |
| antiimmunoglobulin inhibition of burkitt's lymphoma cell proliferation and concurrent reduction of c-myc and mu heavy chain gene expression. | we have demonstrated that polyvalent antiimmunoglobulin antibodies directed at appropriate cell surface light (l) or heavy (h) immunoglobulin (ig) chains will inhibit proliferation and the expression of c-myc and mu-ig chain mrna in burkitt's lymphoma (bl) cell lines bearing 8;14 chromosomal translocations. this effect was not observed in bl cell lines bearing 8;22 translocations or in bl cell lines which did not express surface ig or in karyotypically normal epstein-barr virus-transformed lymph ... | 1989 | 2497974 |
| production of antibodies directed against microtubular aggregates in hepatocytes of chimpanzees with non-a, non-b hepatitis. | we have previously used epstein-barr virus transformation to established two clonal lymphoblastoid cell lines (48-1 and s-1) producing monoclonal antibodies against microtubular aggregates that appear in the hepatocytes of chimpanzees with non-a, non-b hepatitis (nanbh). to obtain additional antibodies directed against the same structure, the mouse hybridoma method was employed. partially purified microtubular aggregates were prepared from liver homogenates of a chimpanzee with nanbh and used as ... | 1989 | 2499661 |
| clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements and normal t-cell receptor, bcl-2, and c-myc genes in primary cutaneous b-cell lymphomas. | fourteen cases of primary cutaneous b-cell lymphomas were investigated at the immunohistochemical and molecular level to further characterize this newly defined entity. neoplastic cells from all cases, phenotyped with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, were positive for hla-dr, for the b-cell markers cd19, cd22, but not cd23 (except one case), and negative for the t-cell marker cd2. monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains were demonstrated in six cases. the reactivity with the ki-67 monoclonal ant ... | 1989 | 2503246 |
| manufacture of pharmaceutical proteins from hybridomas and other cell substrates. | murine monoclonal antibodies are now routinely produced from highly expressing hybridoma cell lines for human clinical applications. epstein barr virus transformed human lymphocytes are used to produce human monoclonal antibodies but these cells have generally exhibited low expression and poor stability in culture when compared with typical murine hybridomas. alternative cells are therefore finding wider usage. backfusions and tribrids are being used to increase and/or prolong the expression of ... | 1989 | 2503410 |
| immunoglobulin synthesis and gene rearrangement in ataxia-telangiectasia b-lymphoblastoid cell lines. | we have analysed the surface immunoglobulins, cell supernatant immunoglobulins and rearrangement of genes specifying these markers in epstein-barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines, produced from normal individuals and patients with the genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (a-t). surface igg and igm were detected in both normals and a-t patients, while iga was only present in the controls at a low level. cell supernatant igg or igm was present in controls and some a-t patients, but t ... | 1989 | 2503455 |
| establishment and characterization of two human myeloma cell lines secreting kappa light chains. | a small number of human myelomas have been established as long term cultured cell lines. we report the characteristics of two new cell lines, designated sk-mm-1 and sk-mm-2, derived from 73 attempts to culture myeloma specimens. both cell lines were grown from myeloma patients with hypogammaglobulinemia, kappa light chain proteinuria, and plasma cell leukemia. sk-mm-1 and sk-mm-2 had a plasmacytoid morphology, grew in rpmi complete medium with doubling times of 32 and 60 hr, respectively, and di ... | 1989 | 2506399 |
| a lambda gt11-cdna clone specific for chronic hepatitis c generated from pooled serum presumably infected by hepatitis c virus. | a lambda gt11-random-primed-cdna clone specific for chronic hepatitis c was isolated from pooled serum presumably infected by hepatitis c virus. the translation product of the clone detect 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis c in 4 test panels but none of the patients with acute hepatitis c, other liver diseases or normal controls was positive for the peptide. the nucleotide sequence of the cdna clone, the size of which is 66 bp, has no homology to the complete sequences of known human viruse ... | 1989 | 2509279 |
| isolation and characterization of a human monoclonal antibody that recognizes epitopes shared by pseudomonas aeruginosa immunotype 1, 3, 4, and 6 lipopolysaccharides. | a hybridoma line secreting a human monoclonal antibody (hmab) capable of recognizing fisher immunotype (it) 1, 3, 4, and 6 lipopolysaccharide (lps) in vitro was isolated. peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) were obtained from volunteers immunized with an experimental pseudomonas aeruginosa o polysaccharide-toxin a vaccine. pbl-expressing surface antibodies able to bind to p. aeruginosa lps were isolated by adsorption onto lps-coated plastic wells. such pbl were transformed with epstein-barr virus ... | 1989 | 2509371 |
| expression of the hybrid p210 bcr/abl protein in philadelphia chromosome positive b-lymphoid cell lines. | an altered c-abl protein (p210) bearing increased tyrosine kinase activity represents the product of the hybrid bcr/c-abl gene arising as a consequence of the philadelphia (ph1) chromosome translocation, the consistent cytogenetic abnormality of chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml). although the chronic phase of this disease is substantially characterized by a marked proliferation of myeloid cells, the ph1 translocation occurs in an early multipotent stem cell, giving rise to both myeloid and lymp ... | 1989 | 2511093 |
| deoxyribonucleic acid-binding properties of human monoclonal anti-platelet antibodies obtained from patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. | recent studies of human monoclonal lupus autoantibodies have revealed that some of them are cross-reactive with platelets. to clarify further the bivalencies in anti-dna and anti-platelet autoantibodies, we established nine human b cell lines producing monoclonal anti-platelet antibodies from patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by epstein-barr virus transformation and studied the dna-binding properties of these antibodies. three of the antibodies showed cross-reactivity with single ... | 1989 | 2511367 |
| cell type-dependent difference in the distribution and frequency of aphidicolin-induced fragile sites: t and b lymphocytes and bone marrow cells. | the distribution and frequency of aphidicolin-induced common fragile sites were studied in epstein-barr virus-transformed b lymphocytes from eight normal individuals, and in bone marrow cells from six children in remission from malignant blood diseases. pha-stimulated helper t lymphocytes from the same individuals were also studied. these cells were cultured in mem, and treated with 0.2 microm aphidicolin for 26 h. the results, together with those of our previous study on cultured skin fibroblas ... | 1989 | 2514134 |
| influenza virus changes cell-surface glycoproteins including major histocompatibility complex determinants on lymphocytes. | the effect of influenza virus infection on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) antigens was investigated. infection with influenza virus resulted in an increase of the binding of anti-mhc class i and class ii antibodies to resting t cells. the binding of anti-mhc class ii antibodies to activated t cells was increased approximately threefold. the binding of anti-mhc class i and class ii antibodies to epstein-barr virus-transformed b cells appeared unaffected after influenza v ... | 1989 | 2514159 |
| involvement of immunoglobulin heavy- and light-chain (kappa) gene clusters in a human b-cell translocation, t(2;14). | the breakpoints of a translocation, t(2;14)(p11;q32), detected in an epstein-barr virus-transformed lymphoid b-cell line were mapped by southern analysis, field-inversion gel electrophoresis, and in situ hybridisation. the translocation involved the immunoglobulin light-chain (kappa) locus on chromosome 2 and the heavy-chain locus on chromosome 14. the breakpoint on chromosome 2 was between vk and ck, most likely within jk. the chromosome 14 break was located within the vh cluster, no more than ... | 1989 | 2515038 |
| management of the headache patient with medical illness. | the recent development of new drug therapies for headache disorders has allowed for the tailoring of treatment to specific patient needs. this paper reviews the pharmacologic management of patients with both headache and concomitant medical illness. the discussion specifically includes the treatment of hypertension, coronary artery disease, mitral valve prolapse, asthma, peptic ulcer disease, obesity, and chronic epstein-barr virus infection, occurring concomitantly in patients with headache. me ... | 1989 | 2520392 |
| expression and functional role of cd23 on t cells. | we have found that approximately 10%-15% of tonsil, but not peripheral blood, t cells express the cd23 antigen following activation with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (tpa), phytohemagglutinin (pha) or recombinant interleukin 4. the proliferative response of tonsil t cells is significantly increased when cd23 monoclonal antibodies (mab) are present in the cultures. in contrast, no such proliferative augmentation is seen when peripheral blood t cells are cultured in this way. supernatant ( ... | 1989 | 2522048 |
| assessment of human allospecific il-2-secreting helper t lymphocytes in limiting dilution cultures using restimulation and split well analysis. | a limiting dilution (ld) culture was established which allows the detection of allospecific interleukin-2 (il-2)-secreting helper t lymphocyte precursors (htl-p) among human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmnc). htl-p stimulated with allogeneic epstein-barr virus-transformed b lymphoblastoid cell lines (ebv-lcl) in the presence of exogenous recombinant il-2 (r-il-2) clonally developed into il-2 secreting effector cells when restimulated against the original stimulating alloantigen. split w ... | 1989 | 2526838 |
| establishment and characterization of a new human burkitt's lymphoma cell line (wsu-bl). | a new human cell line, wsu-bl, was established from a malignant ascitic fluid occurring in a patient with burkitt's lymphoma. the established line grows in a single-cell suspension with a doubling time of 19 hours and expresses l3 morphologic features by the french-american-british classification. immunologic study revealed that wsu-bl cells express igm-lambda both in the cytoplasm and on the surface and react with monoclonal antibodies to b-cell antigens (b1, b4, bl3, bl4, hla-dr, and common ac ... | 1989 | 2527086 |
| polyclonal proliferation of activated suppressor/cytotoxic t cells with transient depression of natural killer cell function in acute infectious mononucleosis. | in acute infectious mononucleosis large numbers of atypical lymphocytes proliferate in response to b cells infected with epstein-barr virus, generally resulting in a self-limited illness. although both t-cells and nk cells are known to be involved, the precise origin of the large granular lymphocytes in this disorder is incompletely understood. using two-colour immunofluorescent flow cytometry, we sequentially examined the phenotype of selected t cell and nk cell subsets from nine patients with ... | 1989 | 2527653 |
| proliferation of resting b cells is modulated by cr2 and cr1. | absence of the third component of complement, c3, is associated with impaired ability to synthesize antibody, particularly in the presence of limiting antigen [1-9]. the mature b lymphocyte bearing the surface immunoglobulin receptor transduces signals for proliferation and differentiation upon binding of specific antigen. this mature b cell also bears two related membrane proteins, cr2 (the c3d/epstein-barr virus receptor) (cd35) [15], which can mediate the binding of ligands to which appropria ... | 1989 | 2527816 |
| loss of tolerance associated with disappearance of b cells in a patient sequentially transplanted with paternal and maternal bone marrow for the treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency disease. | we have studied the tolerance of engrafted t cells from a severe combined immunodeficiency disease patient sequentially transplanted with t-cell-depleted bone marrow from both hla haploidentical parents. the t cells from this patient were shown by hla typing and cytogenetic analysis to be of material origin (donor of the second graft) while hla typing of peripheral e--populations and of an epstein-barr virus-transformed b-cell line established 2 1/2 years after transplantation revealed the prese ... | 1989 | 2528525 |
| demonstration and partial characterization of the interferon-gamma receptor on human b lymphocytes. | the expression of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) receptors on normal human b cells and four b cell lines was studied. recombinant human ifn-gamma was labeled with [gamma-32p]atp using the catalytic subunit of a camp-dependent protein kinase. all four b cell lines, although differing in their responsiveness to ifn-gamma, were found to express high-affinity receptors (1,000-11,000 receptors/cell). normal unactivated b lymphocytes were also found to express constitutively high-affinity receptors, app ... | 1989 | 2528554 |
| pathogenic diversity of epstein-barr virus. | | 1989 | 2535716 |
| interaction of the lymphocyte-derived epstein-barr virus nuclear antigen ebna-1 with its dna-binding sites. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) nuclear antigen ebna-1 plays an integral role in the maintenance of latency in ebv-infected b lymphocytes. ebna-1 binds to sequences within the plasmid origin of replication (orip). it is essential for the replication of the latent episomal form of ebv dna and may also regulate the expression of the ebna group of latency gene products. we have used sequence-specific dna-binding assays to purify ebna-1 away from nonspecific dna-binding proteins in a b-lymphocyte cell ... | 1989 | 2535719 |
| identification of new protein kinase-related genes in three herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and epstein-barr virus. | by using amino acid sequence patterns (motifs) diagnostic of conserved regions within the catalytic domains of protein kinases, homologous open reading frames of three herpesviruses were identified as protein kinase-related genes. the three sequences, herpes simplex virus gene ul13, varicella-zoster virus gene 47, and epstein-barr virus gene bglf4, resemble serine/threonine kinases rather than tyrosine kinases. | 1989 | 2535748 |
| a virus-specific cd4+ cell-mediated cytolytic activity revealed by cd8+ cell elimination regularly develops in uncloned human antiviral cell lines. | antiviral hla class ii-restricted cytotoxic cd4+ clones have been relatively well characterized in vitro but their significance in the immune response remains unknown. here anti-influenza a and anti-ebv cd4+ ctl have been studied by using permanent cell lines either untreated or depleted of cd8+ cells. in bulk cultures, hla class i-restricted anti-viral cd8+ ctl account for all of the detectable killer cell activity, whereas after elimination of cd8+ cells an hla class ii-restricted killer activ ... | 1989 | 2535856 |
| ifn-mediated differential regulation of the expression of hla-b7 and hla-a3 class i genes. | the regulation by ifn of the expression of hla-b7 and hla-a3 class i molecules was studied in jurkat human t lymphoma cells, hhk ebv-transformed human b lymphocytes, and murine hla-b7 hla-a3 co-transfected l fibroblasts. jurkat cells express constitutively low level of hla class i molecules and treatment with human ifn resulted in preferential increase of the expression of hla-b7 molecules, the expression of the hla-a3 molecules being relatively unchanged. similar treatment of hhk cells, which e ... | 1989 | 2535859 |
| immortalization of ebv-infected b cells is not influenced by exogenous signals acting on b cell proliferation. effects of mutant el-4 thymoma cells and transforming growth factor-beta. | we have recently developed a culture system in which 90% of b cells from human peripheral blood or spleen are induced to strongly proliferate and generate short-term clones of a mean of about 400 antibody-secreting cells. b cells are stimulated by mutant el-4 thymoma cells in conjunction with t cell supernatant. in the present study, we first investigated whether the frequency of b cell immortalization by ebv would be higher in this system than in a conventional system by using pbmc as fillers. ... | 1989 | 2535862 |
| cloning of in vivo-derived thioguanine-resistant human b cells. | in vivo-derived thioguanine-resistant (tgr) b cells have been cloned from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of 4 healthy adults. this was done by using epstein-barr (eb) virus transformation of b cells enriched from a large number of pbmc obtained with a blood cell separator. the cloned tgr b cells lacked hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) enzyme activity. the frequency of in vivo tgr b cells was estimated to be 8.6-13.1 x 10(-6) for the 4 individuals by comparing the ... | 1989 | 2535889 |
| characterization of proteins encoded by the epstein-barr virus transactivator gene bmlf1. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) encodes a gene product in the bamhi-m leftward reading frame 1 (bmlf1) that functions as a promiscuous transactivator acting upon many other enhancer-promoter combinations. this protein has been studied by producing a polyclonal rabbit antiserum directed against a lacz-bmlf1 fusion protein that was synthesized in escherichia coli. western blotting was employed to demonstrate that this antiserum specifically detected the bmlf1 proteins in e. coli, monkey, mouse, or b cell ... | 1989 | 2535897 |
| expression of ebna-3 family in fresh b lymphocytes infected with epstein-barr virus. | four transcripts belonging to the ebna-3 family were detected during immortalization of human tonsillar lymphocytes with the epstein-barr virus. these four transcripts were also detected in immortalized b-lymphoblastoid cells (lcl) and the burkitt's lymphoma cell line, namalwa. a 5.0-kb transcript hybridized with the ebna-3a probe; a 8.5-kb transcript hybridized with the ebna-3b and -3c probes; and a 5.6- and a 3.6-kb transcript hybridized with the ebna-3c probe. sequencing and cdna analysis sho ... | 1989 | 2535905 |
| a survey of epstein-barr virus dna in lymphoid tissue. frequent detection in hodgkin's disease. | a total of 151 unselected malignant and nonmalignant lymphoid tissue samples were surveyed by southern blotting for the presence of epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna. eight of 28 hodgkin's disease (hd) samples (29%) had detectable ebv dna. both nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity histologic results were positive. the tumor type with the next highest frequency, 8%, was diffuse large cell lymphoma. the presence of ebv dna in some hd biopsies suggests that ebv may be a factor in the pathogenesis of ... | 1989 | 2535912 |
| t-cell populations in liver and renal transplant recipients with infectious esophagitis. | individuals undergoing hepatic and renal transplants are susceptible to infections of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the esophagus. the most common responsible agents are candida and herpes simplex virus (hsv) with cytomegalovirus (cmv), aspergillus, and other agents being regarded as unusual pathogens even in this unique population. altered t-cell populations have been associated with cmv colitis in healthy homosexuals and in individuals with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (ai ... | 1989 | 2535981 |
| a phenotypic study of cells from burkitt lymphoma and ebv-b-lymphoblastoid lines and their relationship to cells in normal lymphoid tissues. | cells of 7 ebv-b-lcl, 10 burkitt lines and 13 ebv-b-lcl/burkitt line hybrids have been phenotyped for antigens of the major b cell clusters and for some other antigens. high levels of cd23 and cd39 and low levels of cd38 (t10) were characteristic of ebv-b-lcl; the converse was true for burkitt lines. in hybrids the ebv-lcl phenotype was dominant. the phenotype of burkitt-line cells correlated strongly with that of germinal centre b cells in tonsil sections, but differed markedly from that of mar ... | 1989 | 2536003 |
| relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and high antibody titers to epstein-barr virus-specific thymidine kinase. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) has long been implicated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc). recent studies in our and other laboratories have shown a correlation between the disease and high antibody titers to ebv-specific dnase. these data led us to also examine serial sera from healthy adults and patients with infectious mononucleosis or npc, for their capacity to neutralize the ebv-specific thymidine kinase (tk) activity from chemically induced ebv-carrying human lymphoblastoid cells. our results we ... | 1989 | 2536007 |
| the epstein-barr virus:host balance in acute infectious mononucleosis patients receiving acyclovir anti-viral therapy. | this report describes the first of 2 investigations studying mechanisms of epstein-barr virus (ebv) persistence in the infected host; specifically, we wish to determine the extent to which virus carriage within the b-cell system is dependent upon continued replication of the virus in permissive oropharyngeal epithelium. levels of ebv infection at these 2 sites have been monitored in 21 acute infectious mononucleosis (im) patients before, during and after treatment with high doses of acyclovir (a ... | 1989 | 2536008 |
| epstein-barr virus-infected b cells persist in the circulation of acyclovir-treated virus carriers. | in this study, infectious epstein-barr virus (ebv) shedding in the oropharynx and numbers of virus-infected b cells in the blood have been monitored in long-term virus carriers receiving acyclovir (acv) therapy for herpes zoster. eleven patients on oral acv were followed prospectively before, during and for 2 weeks after treatment. as expected, the low levels of ebv shedding in these virus carriers (measured as cord-blood lymphocyte transforming activity in throat washings) were eliminated durin ... | 1989 | 2536009 |
| chemical carcinogen epstein-barr virus (ebv) synergism: ebv genome amplification and site-specific mutation during transformation. | when treated with chemical carcinogens, peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbls) from normal adults or patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were more readily transformed than non-treated pbls into immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls) by the epstein-barr virus (ebv, ff41-1). chemical carcinogens also enhanced spontaneous transformation in both pbl populations. co-cultivation of lethally ultraviolet (uv)-irradiated uninfected pbls with ebv-infected pbls resulted in a dose-re ... | 1989 | 2536010 |
| clonal and molecular characteristics of the human ige-committed b cell subset. | we have followed the pathway of the ige-committed b lymphocyte from fresh, unstimulated peripheral blood, through ebv activation, transformation, and eventual cloning. using cell sorting in conjunction with limiting dilution culture systems, we found that: (a) cells that are selected in the cell sorter and secrete ige in culture are sigm+/sigd+. they secrete all three isotypes after ebv activation and continue to do so stably in culture; (b) individual ige+ cells in culture coproduce igm, igd, a ... | 1989 | 2536066 |
| antigenic specificity of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity directed against human immunodeficiency virus in antibody-positive sera. | antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) specific for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has been described for hiv-infected individuals. to determine the antigenic specificity of this immune response and to define its relationship to the disease state, an adcc assay was developed using epstein-barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line targets infected with vaccinia virus vectors expressing hiv proteins. the vaccinia virus vectors induced appropriate hiv proteins (envelope glyc ... | 1989 | 2536094 |
| the epstein-barr virus (ebv) early promoter dr contains a cis-acting element responsive to the ebv transactivator eb1 and an enhancer with constitutive and inducible activities. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) dr promoter controlled the expression of the psti repeat region ir4. this promoter was activated by the ebv trans-acting factor eb1, mainly at the transcriptional level, and the activation was mediated by the tata box and two cis-acting regulatory regions, one proximal to the tata box and one distal to the tata box. the distal region had enhancer properties. in hela cells, it activated transcription from the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase promoter linke ... | 1989 | 2536096 |
| the epstein-barr virus (ebv) dr enhancer contains two functionally different domains: domain a is constitutive and cell specific, domain b is transactivated by the ebv early protein r. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) dr promoter is located upstream of the psti repeats, and besides the tata box, it contains two cis-acting regulatory elements. one of them has enhancer properties. to define more precisely the functional region(s) in the dr enhancer, we generated 5' and 3' deletion mutants. these deletion mutants, which were transfected into various recipient cells of different origins, allowed us to identify two functionally distinct domains, a and b. domain a was constitutively act ... | 1989 | 2536097 |
| localization of epstein-barr virus envelope glycoproteins on the inner nuclear membrane of virus-producing cells. | epstein-barr virus-producing cells were used as a model to analyze, with a fracture-immunolabel technique, the distribution, behavior on fracture, and extent of glycosylation of viral transmembrane glycoproteins at the inner nuclear membrane. surface and fracture immunolabeling with two monoclonal antibodies directed against the carbohydrate or polypeptide portions of the major viral envelope glycoproteins gp350/220 showed the following. (i) the glycoproteins present on the inner and outer nucle ... | 1989 | 2536106 |
| two related epstein-barr virus membrane proteins are encoded by separate genes. | the structures of the 2.3- and 2.0-kilobase epstein-barr virus (ebv) mrnas, partially encoded within the ecori j fragment dna of the viral genome, were determined by analysis of their cdnas. both mrnas are transcribed across the fused terminal repeats of the ebv episome and consist of nine exons. the mrnas are transcribed from different promoters and have a unique 5' exon from the u5 region of the genome but eight common exons from the u1 region. one principal open reading frame is present in ea ... | 1989 | 2536113 |
| identification of proteins encoded by epstein-barr virus trans-activator genes. | specific antisera were generated to characterize epstein-barr virus proteins reported to have trans-activating properties. open reading frame brlf1 was found to be expressed in two modifications in vivo, with molecular sizes ranging from 94 to 98 kilodaltons (kda) depending on the cell line, whereas only one protein (raji cells, 96 kda) was detected by in vitro translation. open reading frame bzlf1 encoded polypeptides of 38 and 35 kda and additional smaller forms. a bzlf1-encoded 30-kda protein ... | 1989 | 2536114 |
| two families of sequences in the small rna-encoding region of epstein-barr virus (ebv) correlate with ebv types a and b. | dna sequence analysis was carried out on the 1-kilobase saci-ecori region of the ecori j fragment of four strains of epstein-barr virus (ebv) (maba, p3hr-1, ff41, and npc-5), and the sequences were compared with the prototype sequence from strain b95-8. ten single-base changes which grouped the strains into two families (1 and 2) were found. restriction endonuclease polymorphisms predicted from the sequences were used to classify the ebv dna from a further 26 ebv-positive cell lines into these t ... | 1989 | 2536122 |
| aids-associated non-hodgkin's lymphoma in san francisco. | the characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated non-hodgkin's lymphoma in 84 patients diagnosed and treated at san francisco general hospital are presented herein. while the majority were high-grade b-cell lymphomas, one cutaneous t-cell and one peripheral t-cell lymphoma were observed. in addition, three other tumors were suspicious for t-cell lymphoma. sixty-seven percent of patients had stage iv disease, often at unusual sites. epstein-barr virus dna sequences were identi ... | 1989 | 2536124 |
| abnormalities in lymphocyte profile and specificity repertoire of patients with waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, multiple myeloma, and igm monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. | the characteristics of t and b lymphocyte profile and b lymphocyte specificity repertoire were compared in patients with waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (wm), igm monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (igm mgus), multiple myeloma (mm), and age-matched normal subjects. patients with mm had both significantly reduced frequency and number of sig+ (surface ig) b cells, whereas patients with wm and igm mgus had a reduced frequency but normal numbers of sig+ b cells in circulation as dete ... | 1989 | 2536515 |
| treatment of severe epstein-barr virus-induced lymphoproliferative syndrome with ganciclovir: two cases after solid organ transplantation. | | 1989 | 2536518 |
| transsynaptic spread of varicella zoster virus through the visual system: a mechanism of viral dissemination in the central nervous system. | we report a patient with pathologic evidence of anterograde spread of varicella zoster virus (vzv) through the visual system. a 29-year-old homosexual man developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) 2 months before the onset of left herpes zoster ophthalmicus. during the next 11 months, the zoster infection progressed to involve the left eye, with resultant keratitis, iritis, retinitis, and eventual blindness. later, the patient developed bilateral blindness, left hemiparesis, and fa ... | 1989 | 2536632 |
| psychiatric diagnoses in patients who have chronic fatigue syndrome. | patients with persistent fatigue are often suspected of having psychiatric illnesses, particularly depression. the authors used the diagnostic interview schedule to assess the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 28 patients who met centers for disease control case definition criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome. compared with studies of the general population and studies of chronically medically ill patients who received the same structured interview, the rates of psychiatric illnes ... | 1989 | 2536690 |
| seroepidemiological study of infectious mononucleosis in older patients. | in southern tasmania, australia, primary epstein-barr virus infection occurs in adults greater than 30 years of age at a higher frequency (approximately 13% of all cases) than is generally reported for other parts of the world, and approximately 7% of the general population of the region have no antibodies to the virus. epstein-barr virus should not be overlooked as a possible cause of disease in older patients in similar populations elsewhere. | 1989 | 2536757 |
| gianotti-crosti syndrome associated with epstein-barr virus infection. | gianotti-crosti syndrome, a distinctive eruption occurring after hepatitis b infection, is characterized by symmetric, nonpruritic lichenoid papules usually localized to the face, limbs, and buttocks. in north america, hepatitis b antigenemia is rarely associated with gianotti-crosti syndrome in infants. recent reports indicate there are a variety of infectious agents associated with gianotti-crosti syndrome. we report a case of an 11-month-old white female infant with gianotti-crosti syndrome a ... | 1989 | 2536762 |
| electric field-induced cell fusion and human monoclonal antibodies. | a persistent problem in the generation of antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies is the rarity of appropriate b cells in human blood or splenic tissues. in order to immortalize the rare antigen-specific cells that are available, an electric field-induced cell fusion technique has been shown to markedly increase the fusion efficiency in comparison to polyethylene glycol-induced cell fusion using epstein-barr virus (ebv) or pokeweed mitogen activated b cells. fusion efficiency of 10(-3)-10(- ... | 1989 | 2536773 |
| synergistic inhibition of epstein-barr virus: transformation of b lymphocytes by alpha and gamma interferon and by 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine. | we analyzed the effects of 3'-azido-3'deoxythymidine (azt) and alpha and gamma interferon (ifn-alpha and ifn-gamma) on transformation of human umbilical cord lymphocytes (hucls) by epstein-barr virus (ebv). b lymphocytic outgrowth from hucls infected with ebv was monitored by focus formation; the presence of ebv genomes in transformed foci was confirmed by in situ cytohybridization and ebv nuclear antigen. the 50% inhibitory doses for preventing focus formation were 0.14 microm for azt, 10 units ... | 1989 | 2536780 |
| enhanced antibody responses to epstein-barr virus in hiv-infected homosexual men. | we investigated the association between human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) infections in 593 homosexual men. the status of ebv infection in this group was evaluated based on serological evidence of ebv-specific antibody responses. the geometric mean titers (gmt) of antibody to ebv capsid antigen (ebv-vca) (1:154) and ebv early antigen (ea) (1:16) in 141 hiv-seropositive men were significantly higher than respective titers in 452 hiv seronegative men (1:95 and 1:12). ... | 1989 | 2536790 |
| distinction between epstein-barr virus type a (ebna 2a) and type b (ebna 2b) isolates extends to the ebna 3 family of nuclear proteins. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) nuclear antigens ebna 3a, 3b, and 3c have recently been mapped to adjacent reading frames in the bamhi l and e fragments of the b95.8 ebv genome. we studied by immunoblotting the expression of the family of ebna 3 proteins in a panel of 20 ebv-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls) carrying either type a (ebna 2a-encoding) or type b (ebna 2b-encoding) virus isolates. certain human sera from donors naturally infected with type a isolates detected the ebna 3a, 3b ... | 1989 | 2536817 |
| identification of the major capsid protein gene of human cytomegalovirus. | the coding region for the major capsid protein (mcp) of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was identified by comparing the protein sequence with the respective sequences of herpes simplex virus (hsv), epstein-barr virus, and varicella-zoster virus. the predicted length of the hcmv mcp was 1,370 amino acids. comparison of the mcp sequences of the different human herpesviruses showed a homology of 25% to the mcp of hsv type 1, a homology of 29% to the mcp of epstein-barr virus, and a homology of 23% to ... | 1989 | 2536837 |
| the epstein-barr virus and chronic fatigue syndrome. | | 1989 | 2536851 |
| [epstein-barr virus infections. new pathogenic and clinical aspects]. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) is among the most widespread of human viruses. it causes several different diseases, such as acute infectious mononucleosis (im), chronic active ebv-infection (cebv), the x-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (xlp), polyclonal and oligoclonal lymphomae in connection with immunologic disorders, as well as african burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. pathogenesis, clinical features and diagnosis are discussed. in this connection, special tests on the latenc ... | 1989 | 2536874 |
| detection of epstein-barr viral genomes in reed-sternberg cells of hodgkin's disease. | we used slot blot hybridization, southern blot hybridization, and in situ hybridization to investigate the presence of epstein-barr virus (ebv) genomes in biopsy tissues from patients with hodgkin's disease. slot blot hybridization performed on dna of tissue specimens from 16 patients revealed that biopsy tissue from 3 (19 percent) contained ebv dna. southern blot hybridization with a dna probe containing the 500-base-pair tandem repeated sequences located at the termini of the ebv genome confir ... | 1989 | 2536894 |
| the elusive reed-sternberg cell. | | 1989 | 2536895 |
| the multiple membrane-spanning segments of the bnlf-1 oncogene from epstein-barr virus are required for transformation. | the bnlf-1 gene from epstein-barr virus (ebv) induces anchorage-independent and tumorigenic growth in rodent cell lines. the bnlf-1 protein (also termed lmp) is a membrane protein, and its predicted amino acid sequence indicates that the protein has six membrane-spanning segments in addition to a short amino-terminal (approximately 25 amino acids) and a long carboxyl-terminal (approximately 200 amino acids) cytoplasmic domain. to identify the regions of the protein that are essential for its tra ... | 1989 | 2536919 |
| a secreted form of the human lymphocyte cell surface molecule cd8 arises from alternative splicing. | the human lymphocyte differentiation antigen cd8 is encoded by a single gene that gives rise to a 33- to 34-kda glycoprotein expressed on the cell surface as a dimer and in higher molecular mass forms. we demonstrate that the mrna is alternatively spliced so that an exon encoding a transmembrane domain is deleted. this gives rise to a 30-kda molecule that is secreted and exists primarily as a monomer. mrna corresponding to both forms is present in peripheral blood lymphocytes, con a-activated pe ... | 1989 | 2536941 |
| epstein-barr virus and the elderly host. | the ability of the epstein-barr virus (ebv) to cause latent lifelong infection in the host and its capabilities of transformation may have important implications for the elderly host. reports in the literature and hospital records were reviewed to determine the activity of ebv in the elderly. seroepidemiologic surveys demonstrated that 90%-97% of adults more than 60 years old were seropositive for ebv. geometric mean antibody titers and the percentage of individuals with high antibody titers to ... | 1989 | 2536952 |
| transformation and plasmacytoid differentiation of ebv-infected human b lymphoblasts by ras oncogenes. | the biological effects of ras oncogene activation in b cells were studied by using amphotropic retroviral vectors to introduce h- or n-ras oncogenes into human b lymphoblasts immortalized by epstein-barr virus. expression of both h- and n-ras oncogenes led to malignant transformation of these cells, as shown by clonogenicity in semisolid media and tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. in addition, terminal differentiation into plasma cells was detectable as specific changes in morphology, immu ... | 1989 | 2536954 |
| defective gene in lactic acidosis: abnormal pyruvate dehydrogenase e1 alpha-subunit caused by a frame shift. | a patient with lactic acidosis showed a lowered pyruvate dehydrogenase e1 activity and fatigued on slight exercise. the cdna encoding the pyruvate dehydrogenase e1 alpha-subunit from his lymphocytes, transformed by infection of epstein-barr virus, was cloned and sequenced. the nucleotide sequence determination revealed that the gene had a deletion of four nucleotides at the second codon upstream from the termination codon. this deletion would lead to a reading-frame shift and make a new terminat ... | 1989 | 2537010 |
| intranuclear inclusions correlate with the ultrastructural detection of herpes-type virions in oral hairy leukoplakia. | hairy leukoplakia (hl) is an epstein-barr virus-associated lesion of the oral mucosa that occurs in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. ultrastructural studies have demonstrated herpes-type virions in 63-100% of cases of hl. in this investigation, incisional biopsy specimens from 52 consecutive patients with oral lesions clinically suspicious for hl were analyzed by light and electron microscopy to determine which light microscopic features correlated best with the presence of he ... | 1989 | 2537044 |
| phenotypic analysis of human myeloma cell lines. | multiple myeloma (mm) is a b-cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation, primarily in bone marrow, of a clone of plasma cells. the nature of the stem cells feeding the tumoral compartment is still unknown. to investigate this special point, we have studied the phenotypes of nine well-known human myeloma cell lines (hmcls) and compared them with those of normal lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls). twenty-four clusters of differentiation involved in b lymphopoiesis were investigated using a pa ... | 1989 | 2537114 |
| spontaneous epstein-barr virus transformed b-cell line sharing the identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangement with acute myeloid leukemia. | mononuclear cells from a 44-year-old patient with acute myeloid leukemia (aml) gave rise to a spontaneous permanent cell line cultured in suspension. the cell line was shown to be positive for epstein-barr virus nuclear antigen (ebna). as expected, its composite phenotype was of b-cell type with b-cell antigens (cd 20, cd 21) and with monoclonal surface igm of kappa type, but without detectable igm secretion. surprisingly, identical monoclonal rearrangements of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (jh ... | 1989 | 2537117 |
| molecular genetic analysis of three aids-associated neoplasms of uncertain lineage demonstrates their b-cell derivation and the possible pathogenetic role of the epstein-barr virus. | each of three individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) developed a pleomorphic malignant neoplasm in which a precise histopathologic diagnosis could not be rendered. in each case, the tumor cells expressed leukocyte common antigen and a variable constellation of antigens associated with b- and t-cell activation (hla-dr, t9, t10, bl2, bl3, ki-24, blast-2). they lacked all b cell, t cell, myeloid, and monocyte lineage-restricted antigens, resulting in their classification as hema ... | 1989 | 2537119 |
| cellular consequences of overproduction of dna topoisomerase ii in an ataxia-telangiectasia cell line. | abnormal expression of the nuclear-associated enzyme dna topoisomerase ii (topoisomerase ii) has been implicated in the in vitro phenotype of radiation hypersensitive ataxia-telangiectasia (a-t) cells and in modifying sensitivity of eukaryotic cells to topoisomerase ii-inhibitor drugs [e.g., the dna intercalator amsacrine (mamsa)]. to study such relationships, various sv40- and epstein-barr virus-transformed human cell lines derived from normal, a-t, or uv-sensitive xeroderma pigmentosum donors ... | 1989 | 2537142 |
| modulation of lymphocyte proliferation and immunoglobulin production by transferrin-gallium. | gallium resembles iron with respect to transferrin (tf) binding and cellular uptake via tf receptors. we have previously shown that transferrin-gallium (tf-ga) complexes interfere with the cellular incorporation of iron and inhibit the proliferation of hl60 cells. since mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes express tf receptors, we examined the effect of tf-ga on lymphocyte proliferation and on immunoglobulin synthesis by b-lymphocytes. tf-ga inhibited phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mito ... | 1989 | 2537143 |
| splanchnic transplantation. an approach to the infant dependent on parenteral nutrition who develops irreversible liver disease. | two infants with short-bowel syndrome and liver failure associated with obligatory parenteral nutrition received a composite allograft that consisted of en bloc liver, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, jejunum, and ileum. solutions to the fatal complications in the first case resulted in a functioning composite splanchnic system in the second case. despite a number of early complications, the small intestine and liver developed near-normal function until a monoclonal, malignant, b-cell lymphoprolifer ... | 1989 | 2537436 |
| class i cross-restricted t cells reveal low responder allele due to processing of viral antigen. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) recognize protein antigens which have been processed by the target cell and then presented in association with the relevant class i molecule of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc). short synthetic peptides, which are able to associate directly with target cells, may substitute for these processed fragments in stimulating antigen-specific ctl responses. using this approach, a dominant hla-a2-restricted epitope has previously been mapped to residues 58-68 of in ... | 1989 | 2537466 |
| [chronic virus infections. mechanisms and clinical significance]. | numerous viruses are known to cause chronic infections in humans. such infections are clinically important because of their association with a variety of disorders. the article reviews the mechanisms and clinical importance of such viruses, using herpes simplex virus, epstein-barr virus and human immunodeficiency virus as examples. | 1989 | 2537543 |
| delineation of false-positive hiv antibody response in patients with renal failure and history of multiple transfusions. | four patients with a history of multiple blood transfusions who awaited renal transplantation were tested for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and found to be positive on enzyme immunoassay (eia) and negative on western blot. none of these patients had any clinical evidence of hiv infection. absorption of these patients' sera with b-lymphoblastoid cell lines (b-lcl) positive for the serologic specificities dr3, dr4 (dw4, dw10, dw14), and dr5 resulted in eias that were negative for hi ... | 1989 | 2537545 |
| [the postviral fatigue syndrome (pvs)--a chronic exhaustion syndrome. is it possible to prove virus infection?]. | | 1989 | 2537551 |
| complete characterization of the gene coding for the epstein-barr virus major membrane antigen gp 220/340 and selective expression of a secreted form of gp 220. | the gene which encodes the epstein-barr gp 220/340 was inserted into a eukaryotic expression vector. a cdna clone corresponding to the mature mrna coding for gp 220 was isolated from an epstein-barr virus cdna library and inserted in the same expression vector, enabling us to identify the precise location of the intron within the gp 220/340 coding sequence. the recombinant plasmids direct the expression of membrane proteins detected by immunofluorescence experiments using an anti-gp 220/340 mono ... | 1989 | 2537632 |
| abnormality in dna-protein binding in ataxia-telangiectasia nuclear extracts. | anomalies in dna replication, repair and recombination in ataxia-telangiectasia (a-t) point to a defect in structure or function of chromatin. in this study we have compared dna-protein binding in nuclear extracts from control and a-t cells using two assay systems, filter-binding and dna-accessibility. interestingly, the extent of dna protein binding over a range of protein concentration was significantly lower in a-t extracts. in addition the accessibility of the restriction enzyme eco r1 to pr ... | 1989 | 2537634 |
| immunological responses to epstein-barr virus infection and the pathogenesis of ebv-induced diseases. | | 1989 | 2537659 |