| [dietary carotene intake and lung cancer among men from santiago]. | aiming to assess the association between carotenes and vitamin a intake and lung cancer, a case control study was performed. sixty one male subjects with lung cancer and 61 controls paired for age, sex and smoking habits from 6 hospitals in santiago were analyzed. based on a consumption tendency enquiry, the mean weekly intake of food groups, carotenes and vitamin a was calculated, considering seasonal variations. results showed that cases consumed less "winter" vegetables than controls (chard, ... | 1995 | 7569446 |
| transition state structures for the hydrolysis of alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride by retaining and inverting reactions of glycosylases. | secondary tritium and primary 14c kinetic isotope effects were measured for the hydrolysis of alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride catalyzed by sugar beet seed alpha-d-glucosidase, forming alpha-d-glucose, and by rhizopus niveus glucoamylase forming beta-d-glucose. the data provided a novel opportunity to model and directly compare the transition state structures for the hydrolysis of a substrate promoted with retention or inversion of configuration according to the enzyme catalyst. the isotope effec ... | 1994 | 7798231 |
| diurnal cycle of emission of induced volatile terpenoids by herbivore-injured cotton plant. | cotton plants attacked by herbivorous insect pests emit relatively large amounts of characteristic volatile terpenoids that have been implicated in the attraction of natural enemies of the herbivores. however, the composition of the blend of volatile terpenes released by the plants varies remarkably throughout the photoperiod. some components are emitted in at least 10-fold greater quantities during the photophase than during the scotophase, whereas others are released continuously, without conf ... | 1994 | 11607499 |
| growth response and element accumulation in beta vulgaris l. raised in fly-ash-amended soils. | : fly-ash disposal is a major problem in and around coal-fired power plants. although the fly-ash contains several essential minerals, its application in agricultural practices is uncommon in india as elsewhere. the present study was undertaken to elucidate the possibility of fly-ash application to agricultural soils to improve crop yields. three different amounts of fly-ash (2, 4 and 8% w/w) were mixed with soil in 1 m(2) plots and seeds of beta vulgaris were sown in these soil-amended plots. p ... | 1994 | 24202126 |
| modifications of etioplasts in cotyledons during prolonged dark growth of sugar beet seedlings (identification of etiolation-related plastidial aminopeptidase activities). | we studied the effects of prolonged dark growth on proplastids and etioplasts in cotyledons of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) seedlings. differentiation of proplastids into etioplasts occurred between d 4 and d 6 after imbibition, with the typical characteristics of increased synthesis of plastidial proteins, protein and carotenoid accumulation, size increase, development of plastid membranes and of the prolamellar body, and increase of the greening capacity. however, this situation of efficient ... | 1994 | 12232431 |
| seco-glycosides of oleanolic acid from beta vulgaris. | two new oleanolic acid saponins were isolated from the leaves and roots of beta vulgaris. both contained the unusual feature of a 3,4 seco-glycopyranosyl moiety. their structures were established by a combination of 2d nmr experiments and of californium plasma desorption mass spectrometry. | 1994 | 7766003 |
| comparison of the stereospecificity and immunoreactivity of nadh-ferricyanide reductases in plant membranes. | the substrate stereospecificity of nadh-ferricyanide reductase activities in the inner mitochondrial membrane and peroxisomal membrane of potato (solanum tuberosum l.) tubers, spinach (spinacea oleracea l.) leaf plasma membrane, and red beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) tonoplast were all specific for the [beta]-hydrogen of nadh, whereas the reductases in wheat root (triticum aestivum l.) endoplasmic reticulum and potato tuber outer mitochondrial membrane were both [alpha]-hydrogen specific. in all is ... | 1994 | 12232391 |
| kinetics analysis of the plasma membrane sucrose-h+ symporter from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves. | the kinetics behavior of the h+-sucrose (suc) symporter was investigated in plasma membrane vesicles from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves by analyzing the effect of external and internal ph (pho and phi, respectively) on suc uptake. the apparent km for suc uptake increased 18-fold as the pho increased from 5.5 to 7.5. over this same pho range, the apparent vmax for suc uptake remained constant. the effects of phi in the presence or absence of internal suc were exclusively restricted to chan ... | 1994 | 12232379 |
| affinity purification of sucrose binding proteins from the plant plasma membrane. | purified plasma membranes from sugar beet leaves were solubilized by 1% 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)-1-propanesulfonate and loaded on a sepharose 6 b column substituted with sucrose. elution with sucrose at ph 5.2 yielded a peak that represented 0.2% of the loaded protein. this peak did not appear when the samples were pretreated with either 0.5 mm n-ethylmaleimide (nem) or 0.5 mm para-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid. it was also absent when palatinose, a sucrose analogue not recogni ... | 1994 | 7918635 |
| structure identification of feruloylated oligosaccharides from sugar-beet pulp by nmr spectroscopy. | 1d nmr (1h and 13c) and 2d nmr spectroscopy have been used to determine the structure of feruloylated oligosaccharides obtained by enzymic degradation or mild acid hydrolysis of sugar-beet pulp. feruloylated oligosaccharides derived from pectic neutral side-chains containing arabinose or galactose residues were identified. in the feruloylated arabinose oligosaccharides, feruloyl groups were linked to o-2 of l-ara f residues. the structure of the feruloylated arabinose disaccharide was identified ... | 1994 | 7805052 |
| isolation and purification of feruloylated oligosaccharides from cell walls of sugar-beet pulp. | cell walls from sugar-beet pulp contain some feruloyl groups linked to the pectic neutral side-chains. enzymic as well as chemical hydrolysis of the pulp yielded a series of feruloylated oligosaccharides, which have been purified by sephadex lh-20 and biogel p-2 chromatography in aqueous solvents. feruloylated arabinose di-, tri-, hexa-, hepta-, and octa-saccharides as well as feruloylated galactose disaccharides were obtained after hydrolysis of the pulp with a mixture of fungal carbohydrases ( ... | 1994 | 7805051 |
| the infectivity of dimeric potato yellow mosaic geminivirus clones in different hosts. | head-to-tail dimeric clones of both dna a and dna b of potato yellow mosaic geminivirus (pymv) were constructed. these constructs were infectious when inoculated onto nicotiana benthamiana plants either as dna or by agroinoculation and were also infectious for tomato plants by agroinoculation. the dimers were not infectious for potato plants following inoculation by either method. symptom induction required both dna a and dna b but agroinoculation with dna a alone resulted in virus spread in 30% ... | 1994 | 7931179 |
| phenolics induced in beta vulgaris by rhizoctonia solani infection. | rhizoctonia solani inoculated sugarbeet roots produced the new beta-xyloside and beta-glucoside of 2'-hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-5- methoxyisoflavone (betavulgarin) in response to infection. also formed were 6,7-methylenedioxy-5-methoxyflavone, 6,7-methylenedioxy-5-methoxydihydroflavonol and 3'-methoxy-4',5,7-trihydroxy-dihydroflavonol, not reported previously in beta vulgaris. | 1994 | 7765684 |
| plaque assay for spodoptera exigua and autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis viruses in a newly established cell line of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | the nuclear polyhedrosis viruses of spodoptera exigua (senpv) and autographa californica (acnpv) produced plaques in a newly established cell line of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. plaques were composed of infected cells containing many polyhedra and were visible without any staining procedure. dose-response assays showed a direct correlation between the number of plaques and the inoculum size. growth kinetic studies of the two viruses, using the developed plaque assay system, revealed th ... | 1994 | 7726004 |
| herbivore-induced volatiles: the emission of acyclic homoterpenes from leaves of phaseolus lunatus and zea mays can be triggered by a beta-glucosidase and jasmonic acid. | the treatment of healthy, undamaged plants of the lima bean phaseolus lunatus with solutions of a beta-glucosidase from bitter almonds (at 5 u.ml-1) through the petiole results in an enhanced emission of volatiles to the environment. the compounds are identical with those emitted in response to infestation with the red spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae. dominant products are the two acyclic homoterpenes 4,8-dimethyl-1,3e,7- dimethylnonatriene (homoterpene i) and 4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3e,7e,11 ... | 1994 | 7925964 |
| characterization of blue-green fluorescence in the mesophyll of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves affected by iron deficiency. | the mesophyll of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves emits red (chlorophyll a) fluorescence and blue-green fluorescence when excited with ultraviolet light. the intensity of blue-green fluorescence was increased in mesophylls affected by iron deficiency. this increase was large and progressive. it was concomitant with a decrease of photosynthetic pigments per unit of leaf area. most of the increase in blue-green fluorescence can be explained by the decrease of the screening of ultraviolet light ... | 1994 | 12232310 |
| soil biodegradation and leaf transfer of insecticide imidacloprid applied in seed dressing in sugar beet crops. | | 1994 | 7919709 |
| vacuolar h(+)-pumping atpase variable transport coupling ratio controlled by ph. | the eukaryote endomembrane system contains a class of h(+)-pumping atpase (h(+)-atpases) of the vacuolar type (v-atpases) that are responsible for the acidification of organelles. their action is critical to numerous physiological processes, but the regulatory mechanisms that may control activity are not yet fully understood. the ratio of h+ transported per atp hydrolyzed (n) has been determined thermodynamically for the red beet v-atpase by using patch clamp. the value of n was found to range f ... | 1994 | 8078920 |
| identification of rflp markers closely linked to the bolting gene b and their significance for the study of the annual habit in beets (beta vulgaris l.). | the annual habit in beet is due to complete or partial absence of the vernalization requirement and can cause severe problems in the beet crop. the absolute vernalization requirement in beet is controlled by a major geneb (bolting), known to be linked to the gener (red hypocotyl color), in linkage group i. segregation for theb andr genes was studied in several beet progenies. penetrance of the annual habit inbb genotypes was affected by both environmental and genetic factors. the precise locatio ... | 1994 | 24186188 |
| dna fragments of organellar origin in random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) patterns of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | the technique of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) offers a broad range of applications in the investigation of plant genomes. a promising prospect is the use of rapd products as genetic markers. we have investigated a possible organellar source of fragments in rapd patterns of total dna. two nearly-isogenic lines of cytoplasmic male-sterile and male-fertile sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) were subjected to rapd analysis with six different primers. total, nuclear, mitochondrial (mt), and chl ... | 1994 | 24186177 |
| physical mapping of rrna genes by fluorescent in-situ hybridization and structural analysis of 5s rrna genes and intergenic spacer sequences in sugar beet (beta vulgaris). | a digoxigenin-labelled 5s rdna probe (pta-794) and a rhodamine-labelled 18s-5.8s-25s rdna probe (pta71) were used for double-target in-situ hybridization to root-tip metaphase, prophase and interphase chromosomes of cultivated beet,beta vulgaris l. after in-situ hybridization with the 18s-5.8s-25s rdna probe, one major pair of sites was detected which corresponded to the secondary constriction at the end of the short arm of chromosome 1. the two rdna chromosomes were often associated and the loc ... | 1994 | 24186156 |
| nitrogen source regulation of growth and photosynthesis in beta vulgaris l. | sugar beets (beta vulgaris l. cv f58-554h1) were grown hydroponically in a 16-h light, 8-h dark period at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 0.5 mmol m-2 s-1 for 4 weeks in half-hoagland culture solution containing only nitrate-nitrogen. half of the plants were then transferred to half-hoagland solution with ammonium-nitrogen (7.35mm), while the other half continued on 7.5 mm nitrate. growth analysis was carried out by sampling the plants at 3-d intervals over a period of 21 d. compared to ... | 1994 | 12232273 |
| protopectinase-t: a rhamnogalacturonase able to solubilize protopectin from sugar beet. | protopectinase-t (ppase-t), isolated from the culture broth of trametes sanguinea, was able to release pectic substances from sugar beet by degrading rhamnogalacturonan. the smallest polysaccharide (sps) that can serve as a substrate for ppase-t was prepared from sugar beet pulp by extraction with naoh and digestion with alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase, alpha-l-arabinase, and beta-(1-->4)-d-galactanase. the reaction products of sps with ppase-t were isolated by chromatography on deae-toyopearl 650m ... | 1994 | 8039191 |
| feruloyl oligosaccharides from cell walls of suspension-cultured spinach cells and sugar beet pulp. | cell walls of suspension-cultured spinach cells and sugar beet pulp were separately hydrolyzed with driselase. a feruloyl arabinobiose was isolated from both spinach cells and sugar beet. four feruloyl oligosaccharides were obtained from sugar beet. the four oligosaccharides were characterized by nmr spectroscopy, methylation analysis and fab-ms. | 1994 | 8075900 |
| calcium-activated k+ channels and calcium-induced calcium release by slow vacuolar ion channels in guard cell vacuoles implicated in the control of stomatal closure. | stomatal closing requires the efflux of k+ from the large vacuolar organelle into the cytosol and across the plasma membrane of guard cells. more than 90% of the k+ released from guard cells during stomatal closure originates from the guard cell vacuole. however, the corresponding molecular mechanisms for the release of k+ from guard cell vacuoles have remained unknown. rises in the cytoplasmic ca2+ concentration have been shown to trigger ion efflux from guard cells, resulting in stomatal closu ... | 1994 | 12244253 |
| determination of honey authenticity by anion-exchange liquid chromatography. | methodology using anion-exchange liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection was developed to determine the addition of invert syrups (beet or cane) and high-fructose corn syrup to honey. the invert syrups used were either chemically (commercially) or enzymatically prepared. fingerprint oligosaccharides were shown to be present in these sweeteners, which were either not detectable or present at low concentrations in pure honey. forty-four pure honey samples produced in continental n ... | 2015 | 8012223 |
| determination of soluble dietary fiber in foods and food products: collaborative study. | a collaborative study was conducted to determine the soluble dietary fiber (sdf) content of foods and food products by using a combination of enzymatic and gravimetric procedures. the method was basically the same as that employed for determining total dietary fiber (tdf), 985.29, and the method for insoluble dietary fiber (idf), 991.42. ten laboratories were each sent 13 test samples (6 blind duplicates and 1 standard [green beans] containing 29-33% tdf, 19-23% idf, and 8-13% sdf) and were inst ... | 2009 | 8012222 |
| vacuolar chloride regulation of an anion-selective tonoplast channel. | fluctuations in intravacuolar chloride concentrations affected the tonoplast inward (anion flux into the vacuole) currents of sugar beet (beta vulgaris). rising vacuolar chloride concentrations induced increases in the levels of nitrate, acetate and phosphate inward currents. these currents, evoked at physiological vacuolar potentials, showed a linear relationship with the concentration of vacuolar chloride between 6 and 100 mm. single channel currents revealed that rises in vacuolar chloride in ... | 1994 | 7519678 |
| a study of the effect of inhibitors of the animal sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum-type calcium pumps on the primary ca2+-atpases of red beet. | the inhibitor sensitivity of the endoplasmic reticulum (er) and plasma membrane (pm) calcium pumps of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) were studied by measuring the atp-driven accumulation of 45ca2+ into isolated membrane vesicles. both transporters were strongly inhibited by 50 [mu]mol m-3 erythrosin b, but only by 50% in the presence of 100 mmol m-3 vanadate. a number of inhibitors considered to be specific for the sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr)/er-type calcium pump in animal cells were used to furthe ... | 1994 | 12232168 |
| differential screening of mitochondrial cdna libraries from male-fertile and cytoplasmic male-sterile sugar-beet reveals genome rearrangements at atp6 and atpa loci. | as part of a strategy to define differences in genome organization and expression between cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) and male-fertile (mf) sugar-beet mitochondria, cdna libraries from both mitochondrial genotypes were constructed. preliminary screening with ribosomal rna gene probes identified candidate cdna clones corresponding to structural genes. in addition, reciprocal hybridization experiments were performed using labelled first-strand cdna to identify uniquely transcribed sequences. on ... | 1994 | 8003700 |
| transmission via plants of an insect pathogenic bacterium that does not multiply or move in plants. | a bacterial parasite (designated as bev) of the leafhopper euscelidius variegatus, which is passed transovarially to offspring, was transmitted from insect to insect via feeding of the insects in plants. the rate of bacterial infection of leafhoppers fed upon plants that had previously been exposed to bev-infected leafhoppers declined with an increase in the time that infected leafhoppers had been off rye grass. transmission of bev also occurred on sugar beet and barley but not celery. the bacte ... | 1994 | 24190165 |
| [the content of nitrates and nitrites in fruits, vegetables and other foodstuffs]. | there are presented the results of the investigation of many popular fresh and frozen vegetables as well as in fresh and frozen fruits, such as different kind of apples, strawberries, currants, raspberries and many other tender fruits mainly from market and few from own allotment-cottages performed in the year 1989-1992. the nitrate and nitrite was determined according to the griess reaction. high levels of nitrate was encountered in lettuce, frozen spinach, fennel, radishes, parsley. many of th ... | 1994 | 7777773 |
| the plant vacuolar na+/h+ antiport. | salt stress imposes severe limitations on plant growth, however, the extent of growth reduction depends upon the soil salinity level and the plant species. one of the mechanisms employed by salt tolerant plants is the effective vacuolar compartmentalization of sodium. the sequestration of sodium into the vacuole occurs by the operation of a na+/h+ antiport located at the tonoplast. evidence for a plant vacuolar na+/h+ antiport has been demonstrated in tissues, intact vacuoles and isolated tonopl ... | 1994 | 7597639 |
| voltage-gated ca2+ release channels in vacuolar membranes from beet storage roots and guard cells. | the ubiquity and wide-ranging roles of ca(2+)-mediated stimulus-response coupling in plant cells is likely to demand flexibility in the duration and amplitude of the cytosolic ca2+ signal. the presence of both ligand- and voltage-gated ca2+ release channels at the vacuolar membrane suggests that this flexibility might be achieved through differential regulation of these discrete channel classes. the properties and distribution of voltage-gated vacuolar ca2+ channels is described in this chapter. ... | 1994 | 7597637 |
| the origin and evolution of weed beets: consequences for the breeding and release of herbicide-resistant transgenic sugar beets. | populations of weed beets have expanded into european sugar beet production areas since the 1970s, thereby forming a serious new weed problem for this crop. we sampled seeds in different french populations and studied mitochondrial dna, chloroplast dna and life-cycle variability. given the maternal inheritance of the mitochondrial and chloroplastic genomes and the nuclear determinism of the annual habit, we were able to determine the maternal origin and evolution of these weed beet populations. ... | 1993 | 24190320 |
| dental care utilization over time. | between 1950 and 1978, per capita real dental expenditures in the u.s. grew at an average annual rate of 3.33%. between 1978 and 1989 there was virtually no net growth in this measure of dental care utilization. this sharp curtailment of utilization growth has promoted debate about the sources of this change. possible explanations include, among others, a reduction in dental disease due to increased exposure to fluoridation, the substitution of noncaloric sweeteners for refined sugar, preventive ... | 1993 | 8303330 |
| inhibitors of the proton-sucrose symport. | sucrose transporters are important components of the assimilate partitioning pathway in many plants. in the results reported here, we examined the effect of several inhibitors on proton-coupled sucrose transport into plasma membrane vesicles isolated from sugar beet leaf tissue. three compounds that are reversible inhibitors of glucose transporters, phlorizin, cytochalasin b, and forskolin, also inhibited the proton-sucrose symport. additionally, several reagents that covalently modify specific ... | 1993 | 8274022 |
| variability and evolution of highly repeated dna sequences in the genus beta. | satellite dna from wild beet species was separated from restriction endonuclease digested genomic dna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. two nonhomologous haeiii satellite dna repeats were cloned from the wild beet beta trigyna. the type i repeat is 140-149 bp long and at rich, while the type ii is 162 bp in size and gc rich. a third repetitive haeiii element cloned from the related wild beet b. corolliflora was shown to be organized as a hinfi satellite dna family in the cultivated beet b. ... | 1993 | 8112571 |
| toxicity of linear furanocoumarins tospodoptera exigua: evidence for antagonistic interactions. | the linear furanocoumarins psoralen, bergapten, and xanthotoxin were tested for toxicity to the beet armywormspodoptera exigua (hübner) under short ultraviolet (uvb) radiation. increased dietary concentrations of each furanocoumarin significantly decreased insect larval weight, extended generation time, and induced higher mortality. xanthotoxin was the most toxic, followed by psoralen and bergapten. combining psoralen with bergapten, xanthotoxin, or both resulted in significantly antagonistic ef ... | 1993 | 24248704 |
| reversal of the red beet tonoplast h(+)-atpase by a pyrophosphate-generated proton electrochemical gradient. | the reversal of the tonoplast h(+)-atpase to mediate atp synthesis was investigated in tonoplast vesicles isolated from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. our approach involved use of the h(+)-pp(i)ase to establish a proton electrochemical gradient (delta muh+) across the tonoplast vesicle membrane to drive the h(+)-atpase in reverse. however, an initial problem with this approach was the presence of an adenylate kinase activity in the tonoplast fraction that interfered with measurement ... | 1993 | 8215443 |
| worldwide production of high-fructose syrup and crystalline fructose. | high-fructose syrups (hfs) are now manufactured and used in many countries throughout the world. they are produced from a variety of starch raw materials including corn, rice, tapioca, wheat, cassava, and sugar beet pulp. production of hfs is highly dependent on local sucrose and economics of agricultural raw materials. hfs is produced and consumed in the largest quantity in the united states by using corn starch as the raw material. eastern europe, the former soviet union, and asia are major gr ... | 1993 | 8213604 |
| sugar-beet fibre increases cholesterol and reduces bile acid excretion from the small bowel. | the effect of addition of sugar-beet fibre to the diet on sterol excretion from the small intestine was studied in nine ileostomy subjects. a constant low-fibre diet was given in two 3 d periods with and without 32 g sugar-beet fibre/d in random order. care was taken to minimize bacterial alteration of the ileostomy contents. the addition of sugar-beet fibre increased net cholesterol excretion by 52 (se 9)% (p < 0.01), from 294 (se 99) to 451 (se 124) mg/d, and decreased bile acid excretion by 2 ... | 1993 | 8117358 |
| quantitation of organic acids in sugar refinery juices with capillary zone electrophoresis and indirect uv detection. | during sugar refinement, monitoring of organic acids such as formate, tartrate, succinate, malate, glycolate and acetate in the process "juices" is important for process control. matrix effects can lead to problems in conventional chromatographic ion analysis of these solutions. capillary zone electrophoresis, with indirect uv detection, has been shown to be a good alternative, requiring almost no sample preparation, other than dilution, and with fast analysis time (less than 7 min). a co-elutio ... | 1993 | 8287143 |
| riboflavin 3'- and 5'-sulfate, two novel flavins accumulating in the roots of iron-deficient sugar beet (beta vulgaris). | roots from iron-deficient sugar beet grown in the presence of calcium carbonate exhibit a yellow color and autofluorescence typical of flavin-like compounds, whereas roots of control, iron-sufficient plants exhibited no yellow color and extremely low autofluorescence. the two major flavins whose accumulation is induced by iron deficiency have been shown to be different from riboflavin, fmn, and fad by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. these flavins, accounting for 82 and 15% ... | 1993 | 8407931 |
| the effect of gametic-phase disequilibrium on the prediction of response to recurrent selection in plants. | selection reduces additive genetic variation by generating gametic-phase disequilibrium, a phenomenon largely ignored when predicting response in plant breeding programs. the development of gametic-phase disequilibrium is here taken into account when predicting the response to selection for various schemes of recurrent selection applicable to plant populations. a general program permits prediction of response to selection from schemes of recurrent selection in which two or more rounds of selecti ... | 1993 | 24190207 |
| nucleotide sequence of beet cryptic virus 3 dsrna2 which encodes a putative rna-dependent rna polymerase. | | 1993 | 8409956 |
| limited proteolysis of (1,3)-beta-glucan (callose) synthase from beta vulgaris l: topology of protease-sensitive sites and polypeptide identification using pronase e. | plasma membrane (pm) vesicles of defined sidedness were obtained from beta vulgaris l. and subjected to limited proteolysis to investigate the topology and subunit composition of udp-glucose: (1,3)-beta-glucan (callose) synthase (cals). latency experiments demonstrated that protease-sensitive sites on the cals complex are located primarily at the cytoplasmic face of the pm, with little or no cals inactivation occurring as the result of proteolysis at the apoplastic face. in the pm-bound form, ca ... | 1993 | 8252069 |
| selectively fluorinated analogs reveal differential olfactory reception and inactivation of green leaf volatiles in insects. | the role of the alkyl terminus of green leaf volatile (glv) molecules in olfactory reception and inactivation was examined in three diverse insect species: the beet armyworm,spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera); the colorado potato beetle,leptinotarsa decemlineata (coleoptera); and the desert locust,schistocerca gregaria (orthoptera), using selectively fluorinated analogs of glvs and electroantennograms (eags). when only the magnitude of the depolarization of the eag is considered (a measure of recep ... | 1993 | 24249373 |
| factors influencing t-dna transfer in agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sugarbeet. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) was investigated for t-dna transfer efficiency, using an intron containing β-glucuronidase gene. preculture and coculture of hypocotyl and cotyledon explants with acetosyringone upon infection was studied. seven seed lots which included several hundred genotypes, were screened, and were all susceptible to t-dna transfer but with variable frequencies. cotyledon explants were more readily transformed than those from hypocotyls. ... | 1993 | 24201875 |
| relationships between genotype x environment interactions and rank orders for a set of genotypes tested in different environments. | multilocation trials in plant breeding lead to cross-classified data sets with rows=genotypes and columns=environments, where the breeder is particularly interested in the rank orders of the genotypes in the different environments. non-identical rank orders are the result of genotype x environment interactions. not every interaction, however, causes rank changes among the genotypes (rank-interaction). from a breeder's point of view, interaction is tolerable only as long as it does not affect the ... | 1993 | 24194001 |
| effect of cutting on solute uptake by plasma membrane vesicles from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves. | the uptake of sucrose, 3-o-methylglucose (3-o-meg), and valine were studied in discs and in purified plasma membrane vesicles (pmv) prepared from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) exporting leaves. the uptake capacities of freshly excised leaf discs were compared with the uptake in discs that had been floated for 12 h on a simple medium (aging) and with discs excised from leaves that had been cut from the plant 12 h before the experiments (cutting). after cutting, sucrose uptake amounted to twice th ... | 1993 | 8208858 |
| identification and characterization of high-affinity binding sites for inositol trisphosphate in red beet. | inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp3) is thought to play a primary role in intracellular ca2+ mobilization during signal transduction in plant cells. although insp3-elicited ca2+ release across the vacuolar membrane has been demonstrated in a variety of species, little is known of the properties of the putative insp3 receptor. using a 3h-insp3 ligand-displacement assay with detergent-solubilized microsomes from the storage root of red beet, we determined that insp3 binds specifically to a single ... | 1993 | 12271091 |
| calcium retrieval from vacuolar pools (characterization of a vacuolar calcium channel). | voltage patch-clamp experiments at the whole-vacuole and single-channel levels were employed to study the retrieval of ca2+ from vacuoles into the cytoplasm in sugar beet cell (beta vulgaris l.) suspension cultures. channels allowing the movement of ca2+ out of the vacuole were identified at physiological conditions of ph, vacuolar membrane potential, and vacuole/cytoplasm ca2+ concentrations. the operation of the channel was voltage dependent and inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate insensitive and disp ... | 1993 | 12231891 |
| identification of beet western yellows luteovirus genes implicated in viral replication and particle morphogenesis. | the roles in replication and viral assembly of different beet western yellows luteovirus gene products were investigated in chenopodium quinoa protoplasts using mutated transcripts. of the six long open reading frames (orfs) present on the viral rna, only orfs 2 and 3, which encode proteins containing conserved putative replicase domains, were essential for replication. various deletions in the 3' part of the genome within orfs 4, 5, and 6 did not affect viral replication. analysis of the progen ... | 1993 | 8337839 |
| isozyme analysis of primary trisomies in beet (beta vulgaris l.). genetical characterization and techniques for chromosomal assignment of two enzyme-coding loci: leucine aminopeptidase and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase. | segregating families of beet (beta vulgaris) were used to verify the monofactorial inheritance of two enzyme-coding loci, leucine aminopeptidase (lap1) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got3). with a series of primary trisomies and using three methods to discriminate between the critical trisomic (the locus is situated on the triplicated chromosome) and the non-critical ones, it was possible to allocate the two loci to beet chromosomes i and ii, respectively. for the locus lap1 distorted ... | 1993 | 24193787 |
| rearrangements in sugar beet mitochondrial dna induced by cell suspension, callus cultures and regeneration. | structural alterations in mitochondrial dnas (mtdnas) from a plant of a sterile sugar beet line, callus derived from it, suspension-cultured cells and plants regenerated from the callus were studied. bamhi restriction analysis revealed that structural alterations between the mtdnas of the callus and the control plant had occurred. multiple rearrangements were also demonstrated in the mtdna from the suspension culture, of which some were similar to those appearing in the callus, and others had ar ... | 1993 | 24193779 |
| immunological evidence for the existence of a carrier protein for sucrose transport in tonoplast vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) root storage tissue. | monoclonal antibodies were raised in mice against a highly purified tonoplast fraction from isolated red beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. conditiva) root vacuoles. positive hybridoma clones and sub-clones were identified by prescreening using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and by postscreening using a functional assay. this functional assay consisted of testing the impact of hybridoma supernatants and antibody-containing ascites fluids on basal and atp-stimulated sugar uptake in vacuole ... | 1993 | 12231863 |
| the problems of anticholinergic adverse effects in older patients. | the old saying 'red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, hot as a hare, mad as a hatter' is often quoted when describing the autonomic effects of drugs that block the muscarinic cholinergic system. these effects may be subtle or dramatic, yet can be overlooked or discounted as a natural consequence of old age. elderly patients can be particularly sensitive to the anticholinergic action of drugs because of physiological and pathophysiological changes that often accompany the aging process. t ... | 2005 | 8369593 |
| the sugar beet mitochondrial gene for the atpase alpha-subunit: sequence, transcription and rearrangements in cytoplasmic male-sterile plants. | we have characterized the mitochondrial atpa (the alpha subunit of f1-atpase) gene from male-fertile cytoplasm (cv tk81-0) of sugar beet. the gene is 1518-bp long and encodes a polypeptide of 506 amino acids. the atpa mrna sequence is modified by three c-to-u rna editing events, all of which alter the encoded protein sequences. in order to examine the genome organization of the atpa locus in cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) sugar beet, atpa-containing clones were isolated from owen cms (tk81-ms) a ... | 2006 | 8358823 |
| nucleotide sequence of beet cryptic virus 3 dsrna2 which encodes a putative rna-dependent rna polymerase. | the nucleotide sequence of a dna copy of beet cryptic virus 3 double-stranded rna2 was determined, and one strand was found to contain a single long open reading frame of 1431 nucleotides which encoded a putative polypeptide containing 478 amino acid residues with an m(r) of 54.9k. this polypeptide contained conserved amino acid sequence motifs found in the genes that encode putative rna-dependent rna polymerases of other rna viruses. | 1993 | 8336129 |
| quantification of insect growth and its use in screening of naturally occurring insect control agents. | in studies of the effects of allelochemicals or other factors on the development of different insect species, comparison of growth-inhibiting activities is difficult using the parameters currently employed. we introduce two new parameters, growth index (gi) and relative growth index (rgi), which can unify the quantification of insect development. this quantification can also eliminate the effects of different growth characteristics due to the genetic differences between insect species. by measur ... | 1993 | 24249129 |
| oxidation of external nad(p)h by mitochondria from taproots and tissue cultures of sugar beet (beta vulgaris). | the present study compares the exogenous nad(p)h oxidation and the membrane potential ([delta][psi]) generated in mitochondria isolated from different tissues of an important agricultural crop, sugar beet (beta vulgaris}. we observed that mitochondria from taproots, cold-stored taproots, and in vitro-grown tissue cultures contain a functional nadh dehydrogenase, whereas only those isolated from tissue cultures displayed a functional nad(p)h dehydrogenase. it is interesting that the nadh-dependen ... | 1993 | 12231847 |
| investigation of the calcium-transporting atpases at the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane of red beet (beta vulgaris). | calcium-transporting atpases were compared in endoplasmic reticulum (er)- and plasma membrane-enriched fractions of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue by measuring 45ca uptake and calcium-dependent phosphoenzyme formation. the plasma membrane fraction was prepared by aqueous two-phase partitioning of a microsomal fraction and collecting the upper phase. the er-enriched fraction was obtained by submitting a sucrose-gradient er-enriched fraction to aqueous two-phase partitioning and collec ... | 1993 | 12231844 |
| phylogenetic relationships between cultivated and wild species of the genusbeta revealed by dna "fingerprinting". | forty-one accessions of the genusbeta representing wild and cultivated species of all sections were analyzed by dna "fingerprinting". four sugar beet minisatellite dna probes revealed characteristic banding patterns with southern-hybridizedbeta dna restricted withhindiii. a total of 111 polymorphic rflp bands were scored across all accessions. cluster analysis based on genetic similarity estimates for all 820 combinations of accessions revealed the following results. (1) all accessions could una ... | 1993 | 24193592 |
| improvement of protoplast culture protocols for beta vulgaris l. (sugar beet). | the effects of nacl, feeder cells and the embedding of protoplasts in calcium alginate have been investigated in an attempt to improve culture conditions of recalcitrant sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) mesophyll protoplasts. while the use of nacl in all instances proved detrimental to protoplast development, the other two treatments had clear beneficial effects. minimum plating densities, necessary to sustain cell division, could be reduced to <5% (<4000 protoplasts / ml) of the control levels and ... | 1993 | 24197260 |
| dietary fiber in the management of diabetes. | it generally is accepted that a diet high in fiber, particularly soluble fiber, is useful in the management of the plasma glucose concentration in individuals with diabetes. this is one of the reasons several national diabetes associations have recommended that diabetic individuals ingest a diet high in fiber-containing foods. however, more recent data obtained in carefully controlled studies with more definitive end points, indicate this may not be the case. it has been shown clearly that addit ... | 1993 | 8384131 |
| sugar beet crown borer,hulstia undulatella (clemens) 1: identification and field tests of female sex pheromone gland components. | electroantennogram profiles of saturated and monounsaturated 12-, 14-, and 16-carbon acetates, and 12- and 14-carbon alcohols implicated (z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (z9-14: ac) as a component of the female sex pheromone ofhulstia undulatella (clemens). gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of extract of the female sex pheromone glands showed the presence of z9-14:ac (8.5 ng/female), (z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol (z9-14:oh), and (z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol acetate (z11-16:ac) in a ratio of 100∶4∶21, ... | 1993 | 24248947 |
| an elicitor in caterpillar oral secretions that induces corn seedlings to emit chemical signals attractive to parasitic wasps. | regurgitate of corn-fed beet armyworm (baw) caterpillars,spodoptera exigua, when applied to damaged sites of corn (zea mays) seedlings, causes the release of relatively large amounts of terpenes by the seedlings several hours later. this plant response could be induced by merely placing the cut stem of seedlings in a solution of baw regurgitate for 12 hr, a response that could not be induced by placing seedlings in water only. regurgitate of baw fed various diets, including a minimal diet of fil ... | 1993 | 24248945 |
| the galactose binding lectin from the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua: distribution and site of synthesis. | the spodoptera exigua galactose binding lectin, extracted from hemolymph by affinity chromatography, was comprised of large molecular weight aggregates (100-700 kda). sds-page of this lectin preparation revealed it to contain 2 subunits of 33.2 and 34.4 kda in equimolar concentrations. these subunits had similar amino acid profiles, possessed identical n-terminal sequences and reacted equally to a bank of antilectin monoclonal antibodies. by staining western blots with various lectin conjugate p ... | 1993 | 8485522 |
| liquid chromatographic detection of a variety of inexpensive sweeteners added to pure orange juice. | liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection was used to analyze pure orange juice adulterated with a variety of inexpensive sweeteners. this method can be used to detect low levels (5-10%) of high fructose corn syrup (42 and 55), cane sugar hydrolysates (50 and 80%), and beet sugar hydrolysates (chemically or enzymatically prepared). | 2008 | 8471860 |
| energy transduction in tonoplast vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue: h+/substrate stoichiometries for the h(+)-atpase and h(+)-ppase. | the h+/substrate stoichiometries of the tonoplast h(+)-atpase and h(+)-ppase were determined by a kinetic approach. using red beet (beta vulgaris l.) tonoplast vesicles, rates of substrate-dependent h+ transport were estimated by (i) a mathematical model describing the time course of delta ph formation, (ii) the rate of h+ leakage following h+ pump inhibition at a steady state delta ph, and (iii) the initial rate of alkalinization of the external medium. when compared with rates of substrate hyd ... | 1993 | 8382906 |
| dna fingerprinting in sugar beet (beta vulgaris) - identification of double-haploid breeding lines. | the distribution and abundance of simple repetitive sequences complementary to the synthetic oligonucleotides (gaca)4, (gata)4, (gtg)5 and (ca)8 in the genomes of several cultivars of beta vulgaris and in the wild beet b. vulgaris ssp. maritima were investigated. hybridization experiments revealed that all four motifs were present, though at different abundances, in the genomes of all of the investigated beet cultivars. considerable intraspecific variation of the resulting dna fingerprints was o ... | 1993 | 24196032 |
| different cms sources found in beta vulgaris ssp maritima: mitochondrial variability in wild populations revealed by a rapid screening procedure. | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) variation in natural beta maritima populations has been characterized by way of southern blot hybridizations of total dna using non-radioactive probes and chemiluminescent detection. it was found that the previously described n ("normal") mitochondrial type could be subdivided into three subtypes. a new mitochondrial genotype (type r) was distinguished in addition to the previously described type s. both are male-sterile cytoplasms and can produce a. segregation of sexu ... | 1993 | 24195925 |
| use of chitin measurement to estimate fungal biomass in solid state fermentation. | twenty-two strains of twelve species of deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes were studied. most of them had a variable glucosamine amount (standard deviation higher than 5%). however, if we consider that the amount of glucosamine is constant, the accuracy of the method remains satisfactory (10% instead of 5%, which is the accuracy of the chitin hydrolysis and colorimetric glucosamine measurement). so, by means of this measurement, the fungal growth kinetics could be followed on different solid media (v ... | 1993 | 14545686 |
| purification and light-dependent molecular modulation of the cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in sugarbeet leaves. | cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (fbpase) was purified 472-fold from sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves by ammonium sulfate fractionation, anion-exchange chromatography (deae sepharose), cation-exchange chromatography (s-sepharose), gel filtration (sephacryl s-300), and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (phenyl sepharose). the dissociated polypeptide (molecular mass of 37 kd) was used to generate polyclonal antibodies. western blot analysis revealed a single band that was identified a ... | 1993 | 12231665 |
| potentiometric stripping analysis of selected heavy metals in biological materials. | different biological materials such as edible oils, refined and unrefined cane and beet sugar and tea (black and green) leaves were assayed for the heavy metals cadmium, copper, lead and zinc. the results revealed significant differences in heavy metal contents within each class of the biological materials (p < 0.05). cadmium was not detectable in sugar samples. among the oils, highest amounts of copper (0.263 microgram/g) and lead (0.154 microgram/g) were in corn oil and zinc in olive oil (3.01 ... | 1993 | 8361526 |
| [an attempt to investigate the effect of magnesium ion supplements on changes in levels of nitrates and nitrites in selected pickled vegetables]. | the aim of this study was to examine the effect of magnesium ions on some changes in the nitrate reductase activity in the white headed cabbage as well as a practical application of the results obtained in vegetable souring. as experimental material were used: white and red headed cabbage, red beets and the same vegetable in the soured form. vegetable souring was performed using a traditional method as well as a modified one, considering a supplement of magnesium chloride at various levels durin ... | 1993 | 7973399 |
| potassium transport into plant vacuoles energized directly by a proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatase. | potassium is accumulated in plant vacuoles against an inside-positive membrane potential. the mechanism facilitating energized k+ transport has remained obscure. however, electrogenic activity of the inorganic pyrophosphatase (h(+)-ppase) at the vacuolar membrane is dependent on cytoplasmic k+, raising the possibility that the enzyme translocates k+ into the vacuole. membrane currents generated by the h(+)-ppase were measured (using a patch clamp technique) in intact vacuoles isolated from beta ... | 1992 | 1334545 |
| inhibition and ultraviolet-induced chemical modification of udp-glucose:(1,3)-beta-glucan (callose) synthase by chlorpromazine : mechanism of chlorpromazine binding to the plant plasma membrane. | udp-glucose:(1,3)-beta-glucan (callose) synthase (cs) from storage tissue of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) was strongly inhibited by the phenothiazine drug chlorpromazine (cpz). in the absence of ultraviolet irradiation, cpz was a noncompetitive inhibitor with 50% inhibitory concentration values for plasma membrane and solubilized cs of 100 and 90 mum, respectively. both the ca(2+)- and mg(2+)- stimulated components of cs activity were affected. cpz inhibition was partially alleviated at saturatin ... | 1992 | 16653219 |
| regulation of vacuolar h-pyrophosphatase by free calcium : a reaction kinetic analysis. | the h(+)-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (h(+)-ppase) associated with vesicles of the vacuolar membrane (tonoplast) isolated from beet (beta vulgaris l.) is subject to direct inhibition by ca(2+) and a number of other divalent cations (co(2+), mn(2+), zn(2+)). by contrast, the h(+)-translocating atpase (h(+)-atpase) located on the same membrane is insensitive to ca(2+). here we examine the mechanism and feasibility of regulation of the vacuolar h(+)-ppase by cytosolic free ca(2+) under t ... | 1992 | 16653187 |
| cloning of ndhk from soybean chloroplasts using antibodies raised to mitochondrial complex i. | a soybean shoot cdna expression library was screened with polyclonal antibodies raised against red beet complex i and several clones were identified. one clone, consisting of a 1 kb insert, was fully sequenced. the sequence of 1025 bp was found to contain two extended open reading frames and the proteins encoded were identified as the ndhk and ndhj products of the chloroplast genome. nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast dna was isolated and probed with a ndhk-specific probe. the chloroplast dn ... | 1992 | 1463827 |
| characterization of aliphatic amine 1,4-diazobicyclo (2,2,2) octane-induced stimulation of beet spinach thylakoid electron transport. | electron transport activity of beet spinach thylakoids was enhanced in the presence of aliphatic amine, dabco (1,4-diazobicyclo (2,2,2) octane), a hydrophilic proton trapping agent. the extent of stimulation was ph-dependent and similar to the effect of the uncoupler ammonium chloride on electron transport. the stimulation of whole-chain (h2o-->mv) electron transport activity was observed only at high (rate-saturating) light intensity. the light-induced proton uptake coupled to electron transpor ... | 1992 | 1294467 |
| detrimental effects ofcinchona leaf alkaloids on larvae of the polyphagous insectspodoptera exigua. | youngcinchona ledgeriana plants contain two types of alkaloid: indole alkaloids in the leaves and quinoline alkaloids in the root. fromcinchona leaves, a crude alkaloid extract was made, containing the cinchophylline type of indole alkaloids and a small amount of 5-methoxytryptamine. the leaf alkaloid extract exerted a strong detrimental effect on the growth of larvae of the polyphagous beet armyworm,spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera). feeding of larvae on an artificial diet containing the leaf alk ... | 1992 | 24254775 |
| enzyme and storage protein electrophoresis in varietal identification of sugar beet. | different methods of classification, based on total protein patterns as well as on specific isoenzyme patterns, were compared in order to establish an identification system for sugar beet varieties and lines. single seed patterns and bulk extractions of total and fractionated proteins were compared on sds-page. due to important intra-populational variation contrasting with similarity at the varietal level no method proved to be sufficiently discriminatory. twelve sugar beet lines have been genot ... | 1992 | 24197330 |
| variation in mitochondrial translation products in fertile and cytoplasmic male-sterile sugar beets. | intact and functional mitochondria were isolated from sugar beet plants (beta vulgaris l.) containing normal fertile (f) or cytoplasmic male-sterile (s1-s4) cytoplasms. incorporation of (35)s-methionine by mitochondria isolated from both roots and leaves showed approximately 20 major and ten minor translation products. comparison of the polypeptide synthesis patterns produced by leaf mitochondria from fertile plants of three different species within the genus beta revealed several taxonomically ... | 1992 | 24197296 |
| plasma membrane vesicles from source and sink leaves : changes in solute transport and polypeptide composition. | plasma membrane vesicles (pmvs) were prepared by phase partitioning from microsomal fractions of either sink or source leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). the purity, the internal volume, the sidedness, and the sealingness of pmvs prepared from sink leaves did not differ from those measured with pmvs from source leaves. yet, in response to an imposed proton motive force, pmvs from source leaves accumulated about 4-fold more sucrose than pmvs from sink leaves. the developmental stage did not ... | 1992 | 16653098 |
| characterization of vacuolar malate and k channels under physiological conditions. | patch-clamp techniques were employed to study the electrical properties of vacuoles from sugar beet (beta vulgaris) cell suspensions at physiological concentrations of cytoplasmic ca(2+). vacuoles exposed to k(+) malate revealed the activation of instantaneous and time-dependent outward currents by positive membrane potentials. negative potentials induced only instantaneous inward currents. the time-dependent outward currents were 10 times more selective for malate than for k(+) and were complet ... | 1992 | 16653096 |
| extramarital sex amongst the beets--evidence for gene exchanges between sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) and wild beets: consequences for transgenic sugar beets. | | 1992 | 1360265 |
| the role of spectral and temporal cues in vowel identification by listeners with impaired hearing. | this study examined the use of duration and formant frequency in the labeling of synthetic cvc stimuli forming a beet-bit continuum. durational and f2 frequency cues to vowel identity varied systematically across stimuli. subjects with normal hearing tended to rely primarily on f2 frequency in vowel labeling, whereas subjects with impaired hearing relied less on f2 information. this group difference was observed even for stimuli with large f2 differences, which were easily discriminated by all s ... | 1992 | 1447929 |
| detergent sensitivity of the tonoplast h(+)-atpase and its purification from beta vulgaris. | tonoplast membrane fractions were isolated from beetroot (beta vulgaris) using a refined method of preparation which significantly improved the yield of active tonoplast h(+)-atpase, and electron microscopy showed these fractions to be a preparation of small vesicles, of diameter 500 nm to 50 nm and a minor fraction consisting of mainly tubular membrane structures of diameter 5 nm and length up to 1 micron. the stability of the tonoplast h(+)-atpase was assessed in the presence of many biologica ... | 1992 | 1387802 |
| solid substrate fermentation of leached beet pulp withtrichoderma aureoviride. | optimum production of cellulases on leached beet pulp by native and mutant strains oftrichoderma aureoviride in column-type, solid-substrate fermenters, at controlled temperature and aeration rate, was with a mutant strain, that produced 11 and 29 filter paper units of activity/g solids on raw and acid pre-treated leached beet pulp, respectively. the former value was 40% higher than in the native strain and 70% higher than in the reference strain. protein enrichment of residual solid was signifi ... | 1992 | 24425562 |
| matrix nadh dehydrogenases of plant mitochondria and sites of quinone reduction by complex i. | in order to distinguish the pathways involved in the oxidation of matrix nadh in plant mitochondria, the oxidation of nadh and nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide (reduced form) was investigated in submitochondrial particles prepared from beetroot (beta vulgaris l. cv. derwent globe) and soybeans (glycine max l. cv. bragg). nicotinamide-hypoxanthine-dinucleotide(reduced form)-oxidase activity was more strongly inhibited by rotenone than the nadh-oxidase activity but both of the rotenone-inhib ... | 1992 | 1521539 |
| proton transport and phosphorylation of tonoplast polypeptides from zucchini are stimulated by the phospholipid platelet-activating factor. | the ether phospholipid platelet-activating factor and certain similar phospholipids, including lysophosphatidylcholine, are known to stimulate both h(+) transport and protein phosphorylation in plant microsomal membranes. in the present work, several polypeptides in highly purified tonoplast membranes from zucchini (cucurbita pepo l.) showed platelet-activating factor-dependent phosphorylation. comparison of protein phosphorylation in different membrane fractions separated by sucrose step densit ... | 1992 | 16669084 |
| metabolism of 2'-carboxyarabinitol in leaves. | results presented here indicate that 2'-carboxyarabinitol (ca) is the in vivo precursor and product of 2'-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate (ca1p) metabolism in leaves. when [2-(14)c]ca was fed in the light to leaves of five species known to be highly active in ca1p metabolism (phaseolus vulgaris, lycopersicon esculentum, helianthus annuus, petunia hybrida, and beta vulgaris), [(14)c]ca1p was formed in the dark. reillumination of a phaseolus leaf caused this [(14)c]ca1p to be rapidly metabolized to ... | 1992 | 16669073 |
| identification and levels of 2'-carboxyarabinitol in leaves. | 2'-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate (ca1p) is a naturally occurring inhibitor of ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity. a chloroplast phosphatase has previously been identified that degrades ca1p in vitro to carboxyarabinitol (ca) plus phosphate, but ca has not yet been detected in plants. here, we detail procedures to isolate and assay ca from leaves and utilize mass spectrometry to demonstrate for the first time that ca is present in plants. ca was present in leaves of all 13 s ... | 1992 | 16669072 |
| evidence for circadian regulation of starch and sucrose synthesis in sugar beet leaves. | starch accumulation and sucrose synthesis and export were measured in leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) during a period of prolonged irradiance in which illumination was extended beyond the usual 14-hour day period. during much of the 14-hour day period, approximately 50% of the newly fixed carbon was distributed to sucrose, about 40% to starch, and less than 10% to hexose. beginning about 2 hours before the end of the usual light period, the portion of newly fixed carbon allocated to sucr ... | 1992 | 16669050 |
| asymmetric somatic cell hybridization in plants. i. the early effects of (sub)lethal doses of uv and gamma radiation on the cell physiology and dna integrity of cultured sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) protoplasts. | an investigation into the possible application of uv radiation as a pretreatment for the donor cells in asymmetric plant cell hybridization protocols has been carried out. a comparison was made between the effects of uv doses in the range 700-4200 j/m2 and those of 60co gamma radiation over the range 0.15-1 kgy on beta vulgaris suspension cell protoplasts. the investigation had two aspects. firstly, alterations to cell physiology (cell wall resynthesis, viability, division and colony formation) ... | 1992 | 1508155 |
| a full set of monosomic addition lines in beta vulgaris from beta webbiana: morphology and isozyme markers. | nine different monosomic additions in beta vulgaris from beta webbiana were characterized through morphological characters and isozyme markers. the effect of the alien chromosome on the morphology of the recipient species is chromosome specific, and nine morphotypes could be distinguished. the added chromosome caused a growth reduction in the recipient plants. eleven isozyme systems were used as marker systems. a 6pgdh band was found as a marker for chromosome 7, which contains a resistance gene ... | 1992 | 24203202 |
| plant regeneration from sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) hypocotyls cultured in vitro and flow cytometric nuclear dna analysis of regenerants. | a simple and reproducible protocol for regeneration of sugarbeet plants from hypocotyl expiants derived from 21 day-old-seedlings has been developed. expiants were cultured on ms medium containing 0.3 mg/l n6-benzylaminopurine, 0.1 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid, 50 mg/l adenine and 0.5% (w/v) fructose, 0.5% (w/v) sucrose and 0.5% (w/v) glucose to induce the formation of organogenic calli (2.3% to 46.5% organogenic efficiency, depending on populations). shoot formation was induced in callus cultur ... | 1992 | 24201432 |
| in vitro analysis of the h-hexose symporter on the plasma membrane of sugarbeets (beta vulgaris l.). | the mechanism of hexose transport into plasma membrane vesicles isolated from mature sugarbeet leaves (beta vulgaris l.) was investigated. the initial rate of glucose uptake into the vesicles was stimulated approximately fivefold by imposing a transmembrane ph gradient (deltaph), alkaline inside, and approximately fourfold by a negative membrane potential (deltapsi), generated as a k(+)-diffusion potential, negative inside. the -fold stimulation was directly related to the relative deltaph or de ... | 1992 | 16669023 |