| universal collection medium (ucm) is as suitable as the standard transport medium (stm) for hybrid capture ii (hc-2) assay. | collection of cervical-vaginal material in liquid media enables simultaneous evaluation of both oncologic cytology and molecular tests for the detection of human papillomavirus (hpv), chlamydia trachomatis (ct) and neisseria gonorrhoeae (ng). universal collection medium (ucm) has been developed to fulfill this objective. | 2006 | 16483839 |
| early integration of high copy hpv16 detectable in women with normal and low grade cervical cytology and histology. | integration of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna has been considered a late event in cervical carcinogenesis. however, integrated forms of hpv were recently detected in cancer precursor lesions using a new real time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect the deletions at the 3362-3443 region of hpv16 e2 objective: to study the frequency of hpv16 dna integration in cervical lesions and compare the sensitivity of an additional upstream region of the e2 orf (2962-3138) in detecting hpv integration. | 2006 | 16484445 |
| papillomavirus type 16 e6/e7 and human telomerase reverse transcriptase in esophageal cell immortalization and early transformation. | infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and up-regulation of telomerase in esophageal adenocarcinoma. we immortalized normal esophageal epithelial cells by over-expression of the hpv16 e6/e7 and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (htert) genes. hpv16 e6/e7-induced immortalization was accompanied by reduced rb and p53, but increased p16 and p21, protein expression. htert-immortalized cells had unaffecte ... | 2007 | 16488074 |
| studies on the prevalence of human papillomavirus in pregnant women in japan. | in order to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv) in the pregnant population in japan. | 2006 | 16489889 |
| cytogenetic aberrations in immortalization of esophageal epithelial cells. | to define the early cytogenetic events important in esophageal carcinogenesis, we immortalized normal esophageal epithelial cells by overexpression of human papillomavirus type 16 e6/e7 (hpv16e6/e7) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (htert), and characterized the chromosomal abnormalities serially before and after cellular immortalizaiton. during crisis, most cells had simple nonclonal karyotypic changes with cytogenetic divergence. mitotically unstable chromosomes (i.e., telomere assoc ... | 2006 | 16490594 |
| sexual behavior, condom use, and human papillomavirus: pooled analysis of the iarc human papillomavirus prevalence surveys. | human papillomavirus (hpv) is a sexually transmitted infection but it is unclear whether differences in transmission efficacy exist between individual hpv types. information on sexual behavior was collected from 11 areas in four continents among population-based, age-stratified random samples of women of ages > or = 15 years. hpv testing was done using pcr-based enzyme immunoassay. unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (or) of being hpv positive and corresponding 95% ... | 2006 | 16492924 |
| human papillomavirus link to circumcision is misleading. | | 2006 | 16492939 |
| cervical cancer screening: state of the art. | the objective of cervical cancer screening is to prevent the occurrence of and death from cervical cancer by detecting and treating high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. a significant decline in occurrence and mortality from cervical cancer in developed countries has been associated with the application of organized cervical screening programs. the use of the available local health methods in cervical cancer screening can be adjusted in different countries. this review discusses the recen ... | 2006 | 16493258 |
| surface plasmon resonance imaging protein arrays for analysis of triple protein interactions of hpv, e6, e6ap, and p53. | we have developed a surface plasmon resonance (spr)-based protein microarray to study protein-protein interactions in a high-throughput mode. as a model system, triple protein interactions have been explored with human papillomaviral e6 protein, tumor suppressor p53, and ubiquitin ligase e6ap. human papillomavirus (hpv) is known to be a causative agent of cervical cancer. upon infection, the viral e6 protein forms a heterotrimeric protein complex with p53 and e6ap. the formation of the complex e ... | 2006 | 16493710 |
| the human papillomavirus as a possible cause of squamous cell carcinoma: a case study with a review of the medical literature. | human papillomavirus is a possible risk factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma. we report the case of a 21-year-old african-american male who presented with coughing and shortness of breath. he had been treated with multiple cauteries and ablations for problems associated with hpv since childhood. a ct scan revealed bilateral cavitary lung lesions. these lesions were resected through staged thoracotomies and revealed synchronous squamous cell carcinomas. | 2006 | 16494182 |
| usefulness of combining testing for p16 protein and human papillomavirus (hpv) in cervical carcinoma screening. | to evaluate the value of the combination of p16 and hpv detection in the screening for cervical cancer. | 2006 | 16494930 |
| tgf-beta2 allows pluripotent human embryonic stem cell proliferation on e6/e7 immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts. | in this study we report observations that mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mef) capable of supporting expansion of pluripotent, human embryonic stem cells (hesc) fail to support after immortalization using e6/e7 oncogenes in serum conditions; however this can be reversed following addition of exogenous tgf-beta2. microarray analysis of immortalized and non-immortalized mef revealed differential gene expression of several tgf-beta related genes. by supplementing tgf-beta2 into e6/e7 immortalized mef ... | 2006 | 16494961 |
| the presence of human papillomavirus 16 in neural structures and vascular endothelial cells. | human papillomavirus (hpv) is known as a strictly epitheliotropic pathogen. our results raised the possibility that hpv 16 is present in neural cells and in the vascular endothelium. by in situ hybridization, we have detected hpv 16 e6 orf sequence in small blood vessels and peripheral nerves adjacent to oral and cervical cancers. the same structures have clearly shown immunohistochemical reactivity for the e6 oncoprotein. these results were verified by pcr applied to e6 and l1 orfs following mi ... | 2006 | 16499942 |
| regulation of human papillomavirus type 31 late promoter activation and genome amplification by protein kinase c. | the life cycle of papillomaviruses is tightly linked to differentiation of host keratinocytes, but the mechanisms and cues by which life cycle events are tied to differentiation remain obscure. we have begun a systematic study of the differentiation-dependent life cycle of hpv31. a variety of signaling pathways have been implicated in controlling keratinocyte differentiation, especially the protein kinase c (pkc) pathway. we have used pharmacological inhibitors to determine that genome amplifica ... | 2006 | 16500689 |
| future acceptance of adolescent human papillomavirus vaccination: a survey of parental attitudes. | the main target group for vaccination against human papillomavirus (hpv), the sexually transmitted virus that causes cervical cancer, will be young adolescents. we undertook a population-based survey to assess parental consent and potential hpv vaccine uptake in eight secondary schools using stratified randomisation according to school type and ethnicity. our results suggest that in socially and ethnically mixed populations such as manchester, an hpv vaccine uptake rate of 80% may be achievable ... | 2006 | 16500736 |
| molecular mechanisms of hyperplasia induction by human papillomavirus e7. | infections of human papillomavirus (hpv) induce a variety of benign tumors, such as warts and condylomas. during the process of aberrant cell proliferation, genetic mutations are accumulated in the cells, from which malignant tumor cells arise. the viral oncoproteins e6 and e7 are known to help disrupt the cell cycle checkpoint machinery and accelerate chromosomal instability, events which are critical in malignant conversion. however, the mechanisms involved in the hyperplasia caused by hpv inf ... | 2006 | 16501608 |
| human papillomavirus (hpv)-related oropharyngeal nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma: characterization of a distinct phenotype. | we have recently shown that hpv-positive tonsillar carcinoma in young patients exhibits nonkeratinizing basaloid morphology and a characteristic immunophenotype. the purpose of this study was to review a large number of cases of oropharyngeal carcinomas, in all age groups, and to identify tumors with nonkeratinizing morphology. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) the prevalence and type of hpv dna was determined in representative cases and in a control group of conventional keratinizing squamo ... | 2006 | 16504868 |
| [cervical cancer precursors: cytohistologic correlation with the results of hpv testing]. | persistence of high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hpv) is responsible for the development, maintenance and progression of squamous intraepithelial lesions (sils). cytohistologic correlation with the results of the hpv testing in 52 patients over a 3year period is presented. two patients out of the 52 patients presented in this histologic follow up bore the diagnosis high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (hsil) with the former cytology asc-h. low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions ... | 2006 | 16506597 |
| structural and functional analysis of e6 oncoprotein: insights in the molecular pathways of human papillomavirus-mediated pathogenesis. | oncoprotein e6 is essential for oncogenesis induced by human papillomaviruses (hpvs). the solution structure of hpv16-e6 c-terminal domain reveals a zinc binding fold. a model of full-length e6 is proposed and analyzed in the context of hpv evolution. e6 appears as a chameleon protein combining a conserved structural scaffold with highly variable surfaces participating in generic or specialized hpv functions. we investigated surface residues involved in two specialized activities of high-risk ge ... | 2006 | 16507364 |
| molecular profiling of cervical neoplasia. | cervical cancer, a potentially preventable disease, remains the second most common malignancy in women worldwide. human papillomavirus is the single most important etiological agent in cervical cancer, contributing to neoplastic progression through the action of viral oncoproteins, mainly e6 and e7, which interfere with critical cell cycle pathways, p53 and retinoblastoma. however, evidence suggests that human papillomavirus infection alone is insufficient to induce malignant changes and that ot ... | 2006 | 16512781 |
| alteration of cell-cycle regulatory proteins in human oral epithelial cells immortalized by hpv16 e6 and e7. | e6 and e7 oncoproteins from high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) can transform cells in tissue culture and induce tumors in vivo by abrogating the cell-cycle checkpoint. to investigate the impact of hpv16 e6 and e7 on the cell-cycle regulatory machinery in oral epithelial cells, normal human oral epithelial cells were transfected with hpv16 e6 and e7 open reading frames, and alterations in cell-cycle regulatory proteins in cells expressing hpv16 e6 and e7 were analyzed. e6 and e7 expression resu ... | 2006 | 16513324 |
| hpv16 e6 natural variants exhibit different activities in functional assays relevant to the carcinogenic potential of e6. | genetic studies have revealed natural amino acid variations within the human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16 e6 oncoprotein. to address the functional significance of e6 polymorphisms, 10 hpv16 e6 variants isolated from cervical lesions of swedish women were evaluated for their activities in different in vitro and in vivo assays relevant to the carcinogenic potential of e6. small differences between e6 prototype and variants, and among variants, were observed in transient expression assays that ass ... | 2006 | 16519914 |
| the development of cervical cancer and its precursors: what is the role of human papillomavirus infection? | human papillomavirus (hpv) is a significant health care burden in the united states. the majority of sexually active men and women will be infected with hpv at some point in their lives and are subject to developing human papillomavirus-associated disease. current estimates suggest that 20 million americans are currently infected, and more than 5 million new infections occur each year. the prevalence of human papillomavirus is highest in populations in their late teens and early twenties, with n ... | 2006 | 16520683 |
| cyclin a1 promoter hypermethylation in human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer. | the aim of this study was to evaluate epigenetic status of cyclin a1 in human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer. y. tokumaru et al., cancer res 64, 5982-7 (sep 1, 2004)demonstrated in head and neck squamous-cell cancer an inverse correlation between cyclin a1 promoter hypermethylation and tp53 mutation. human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer, however, is deprived of tp53 function by a different mechanism. therefore, it was of interest to investigate the epigenetic alterations du ... | 2006 | 16524460 |
| antitumor action of curcumin in human papillomavirus associated cells involves downregulation of viral oncogenes, prevention of nfkb and ap-1 translocation, and modulation of apoptosis. | curcumin (diferuloyl methane), the major yellow pigment from the rhizomes of turmeric (curcuma longa linn), has anticancer properties. infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (hpv) leads to development of cervical carcinoma, predominantly through the action of viral oncoproteins e6 and e7. the present study aims at analyzing the antitumor and antiviral properties of curcumin, on hpv associated cervical cancer cells. our findings indicate curcumin to be cytotoxic to cervical cancer cells ... | 2006 | 16526022 |
| accelerated degradation of fadd and procaspase 8 in cells expressing human papilloma virus 16 e6 impairs trail-mediated apoptosis. | viruses have developed sophisticated strategies to evade host defenses and facilitate the production and spread of progeny. in this study, we show that transfection of the human papillomavirus (hpv) 16 e6 oncogene into hct116 cells provides protection from tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (trail)-mediated apoptosis. additionally, we demonstrate that the protection provided by e6 is dose-dependent because higher levels of e6 provide greater protection. the mechanism underly ... | 2006 | 16528386 |
| [cervical cancer prevention: the impact of hpv vaccination]. | cervical cancer remains a critical public health problem that is second only to breast cancer in overall disease burden for women throughout the world. in spite of the success of cervical cancer screening, pap cytology screening is yet to be effectively implemented or has failed to reduce cervical cancer rates to an appreciable extent. screening appears to benefit only a small fraction of women although a much larger percentage endures the inconvenience of the pap test in order to avoid cervical ... | 2006 | 16529969 |
| e6/e7 oncogenes increase and tumor suppressors decrease the proportion of self-renewing neural progenitor cells. | many if not most tissues need a controlled number of stem cells to maintain normal function. cancer can be seen as a process of disturbed tissue homeostasis, in which too many cells have or acquire too primitive identity. here we measured how oncogenes and tumour suppressors affect the differentiation capacity, proportion and characteristics of progenitor cells in a model tissue. neural progenitor cells (npcs) were exposed to human papilloma virus e6, e7 or e6/e7 oncogenes, which degrade tumour ... | 2006 | 16532024 |
| developments in antiviral drug design, discovery and development in 2004. | this article summarizes key aspects of progress made during 2004 toward the design, discovery and development of antiviral agents for clinical use. important developments in the identification, characterization and clinical utility of inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus; the hepatitis viruses, hepatitis b, hepatitis c; the herpes family of viruses, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus, epstein-barr virus and human cytomegalovirus; the respiratory viruses, influenza, resp ... | 2005 | 16535860 |
| [detection of physical status of human papillomavirus 16 in cervical cancer tissue and siha cell line by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction]. | the integration of high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) into host cell genome is one of the major contributing factors to cervical malignant transformation. the detection of hpv integration is helpful for understanding its role in cervical carcinogenesis and tumor progression. however, there is no ideal detection method of hpv physical status for clinical use. the study was to explore an ideal method of detecting the physical status of hpv-16. | 2006 | 16536998 |
| expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) and ki67 as related to disease severity and hpv detection in squamous lesions of the cervix. | to assess the expression of cyclooxygenase (cox-2) and ki67 in cervical squamous lesions in relation to disease severity and human papillomavirus (hpv) detection. | 2006 | 16537091 |
| markers of cutaneous human papillomavirus infection in individuals with tumor-free skin, actinic keratoses, and squamous cell carcinoma. | separately, actinic keratosis (ak) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (scc) have been associated with cutaneous human papillomavirus (hpv) infections. to further explore the association between hpv infection and scc development, we determined markers of cutaneous hpv infection within a single population in persons with precursor lesions (ak), cancerous lesions (scc), and without. serum and plucked eyebrow hairs were collected from 57 tumor-free controls, 126 ak, and 64 scc cases. presence of ... | 2006 | 16537712 |
| increased gene copy numbers at chromosome 20q are frequent in both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the cervix. | genome-wide microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array cgh) was used to identify common chromosomal alterations involved in cervical carcinogenesis as a first step towards the discovery of novel biomarkers. the genomic profiles of nine squamous cell carcinomas (sccs) and seven adenocarcinomas (adcas), as well as four human papillomavirus (hpv)-immortalized keratinocyte cell lines, were assessed. on a genome-wide scale, sccs showed significantly more gains than adcas. more specific ... | 2006 | 16538612 |
| [human papilloma virus...or genital warts]. | | 2005 | 16538730 |
| enhanced immunization after intranasal coadministration of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit and human papillomavirus 16-l1 dna vaccine. | | 2006 | 16542585 |
| vaccination with human papillomavirus type 16 e7 peptide with cpg oligonucleotides for prevention of tumor growth in mice. | to test whether an e7 peptide/cpg vaccine is effective in preventing and treating human papillomavirus-positive tumors in a murine model. | 2006 | 16549754 |
| are women ready for the hpv vaccine? | an hpv (human papillomavirus) vaccine will be available soon. because vaccination for both boys and girls will be critical to reduce the incidence of this disease, we evaluated the willingness of women to accept the hpv vaccine and to consent to having their children vaccinated. | 2006 | 16551476 |
| evidence of human papilloma virus infection and its epidemiology in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. | to look for the evidence of human papilloma virus (hpv) infection in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (escc) and to investigate the potential role and epidemiology of hpv infection in the pathogenesis of esophageal carcinomas in henan emigrants. | 2006 | 16552800 |
| evaluation of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum in la plata, argentina. | to evaluate the potential association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and sporadic colorectal adenocarcinoma development,and human papillomavirus (hpv) infection. | 2006 | 16552814 |
| subtype hpv38b[fa125] demonstrates heterogeneity of human papillomavirus type 38. | the human papillomaviruses (hpvs) exist as more than 100 distinct types. while variants of hpv are common, only few hpv subtypes have been reported. hpv type 38 has been proposed to be associated with nonmelanoma skin cancer (nmsc), with reported prevalences of up to 55%. a subtype of hpv38 was cloned, completely sequenced and found to have a 96% sequence similarity to prototype hpv38 in the l1 open reading frame. the presence of prototype hpv38 and hpv38b[fa125] was examined in paired biopsies ... | 2006 | 16557595 |
| human papillomavirus genotyping using a modified linear array detection protocol. | a standardized pcr-based linear array genotyping assay has been developed (roche molecular systems) allowing the concurrent typing of 37 human papillomavirus (hpv) types. a component of this assay, the pcr amplicon detection protocol, requires the use of a shaking water-bath incubator for amplicon/probe hybridization and subsequent stringent washing, which many laboratories may find cumbersome or simply not possess. in this study, the utility of a dry-air incubator in substitution of the recomme ... | 2006 | 16564098 |
| a protease inhibitor specifically inhibits growth of hpv-infected keratinocytes. | protease inhibitors have been known to exhibit anticarcinogenic activity in a variety of model systems, although the biological target(s) and mechanism remain enigmatic. human papillomavirus (hpv) is the primary etiological agent of cervical cancer. here we show that a nuclear chymotrypsin-like protease activity (nclpa), which appears to be involved in transformation in several different experimental models, is significantly elevated in keratinocytes infected with high-risk hpv. further, we demo ... | 2006 | 16564747 |
| [chlamydia trachomatis and human papillomavirus (hpv) infections in teenage sexually active girls]. | the purpose of the study was to determine the frequency of c.trachomatis and hpv infections in teenage, sexually active girls. | 2005 | 16566362 |
| presence of high-risk human papillomavirus dna in penile carcinoma predicts favorable outcome in survival. | there is evidence that a subset of penile carcinomas is caused by infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv). however, extensive studies on the possible influence of hpv infection on clinical outcome of penile cancer are lacking. this investigation is aimed to examine the prevalence of high-risk hpv in a large series of penile squamous-cell carcinomas (sccs) and to determine the relationship between hpv and survival. formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor specimens of 171 patients with ... | 2006 | 16570278 |
| randomized controlled trial of human papillomavirus testing versus pap cytology in the primary screening for cervical cancer precursors: design, methods and preliminary accrual results of the canadian cervical cancer screening trial (cccast). | since infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (hpv) has been considered a necessary cause of cervical cancer, tests for oncogenic hpv types have been proposed as adjuncts or replacements to pap cytology. we designed the canadian cervical cancer screening trial (cccast) to compare the relative efficacy of hpv dna testing and pap cytology in primary screening for cervical cancer and its high-grade precursors. cccast randomized women aged 30-69 years in montreal (quebec) and in st. john's (ne ... | 2006 | 16572425 |
| induction of gdf-15/nag-1/mic-1 in human lung carcinoma cells by retinoid-related molecules and assessment of its role in apoptosis. | growth and differentiation factor-15 (gdf-15, nag-1, mic-1) is induced by several apoptosis-inducing agents including the retinoid-related molecule (rrm) 6-[3-(1-adamantyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-naphthalene carboxylic acid (cd437). it has been suggested that gdf-15 may be involved in the induction of apoptosis by cd437 in h460 lung cancer cells. the present study was designed to probe this hypothesis more directly. several rrms (cd437, st1926 and mx3350-1) but not the retinoids all-trans- retinoic a ... | 2006 | 16582595 |
| the human papillomavirus e7 protein shines a spotlight on the prb family member, p130. | | 2006 | 16582614 |
| oncogenic human papillomavirus (hpv) type distribution and hpv type 16 e6 variants in two spanish population groups with different levels of hpv infection risk. | the aim of this study is to determine oncogenic human papillomavirus (hpv) types and hpv type 16 (hpv16) variant distribution in two spanish population groups, commercial sex workers and imprisoned women (csw/ipw) and the general population. a multicenter cross-sectional study of 1,889 women from five clinical settings in two spanish cities was conducted from may to november 2004. oncogenic hpv infection was tested by an hybrid capture ii (hc2) test, and positive samples were genotyped by direct ... | 2006 | 16597872 |
| prevalence and typing of human papilloma virus (hpv) among female sex workers and outpatient women in southern thailand. | thai sex workers (sw) have high rates of sexually transmitted infections (stis); however, detection and treatment is often complicated by accessibility to sensitive and accurate diagnostic tests. self-sampling of women combined with molecular amplification techniques could help in accurate diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of such women. detection of persistent high-risk human papilloma virus (hpv) in such populations could also be beneficial in identifying women who may need more frequent foll ... | 2006 | 16607969 |
| [prokaryotic expression and identification of human papillomavirus type 16 e7 protein encoding gene]. | to construct the prokaryotic expression plasmid pet32/e7 and express the human papillomavirus type 16 e7 protein in e. coli. | 2006 | 16608071 |
| detection of human papilloma virus in women attending the irccs, ospedale oncologico bari, southern italy: preliminary data. | we investigated the diffusion of hpv genotypes using molecular methods. hpv dna was detected in 30.4% of women examined. the genotype hpv 16 was the most common followed by hpv 31, hpv 51 and hpv 58. mixed infections were observed in 30.4% of hpv positive women. the 66.7% of the lower age group (< 35 years) was hpv positive. hpv infection was associated with the presence of morphological abnormalities in 13.7% of the women examined. the presence of hpv dna in women younger than 35 years is an in ... | 2006 | 16608128 |
| the e7 oncoprotein is translated from spliced e6*i transcripts in high-risk human papillomavirus type 16- or type 18-positive cervical cancer cell lines via translation reinitiation. | high-risk human papillomaviruses (hpvs) encode two viral oncoproteins, e6 and e7, from a single bicistronic pre-mrna containing three exons and two introns. retention of intron 1 in the e6 coding region is essential for production of the full-length e6 oncoprotein. however, splicing of intron 1 is extremely efficient in cervical cancer cells, leading to the production of a spliced transcript, e6*i, of e6. here, we investigated whether this splicing of intron 1 might benefit e7 production. using ... | 2006 | 16611884 |
| cervical cancer and low-risk hpv; a case report. | a case of cervical cancer in a 32-year-old woman with a genotype 6 hpv genital infection that developed from a cervical low-grade sil after a lletz procedure two years before is presented. this case obliges us to reconsider both the benign nature of low-grade lesions and the potentially good prognosis of low-risk hpv infection. | 2006 | 16620070 |
| [serological detection of anti hpv 16/18 and its association with pap smear in adolescents and young women]. | verify the relation between hpv 16/18 antibodies and the association with cervical cytology findings in adolescents and young women. | 2006 | 16622538 |
| papilloma protein e6 abrogates shear stress-dependent survival in human endothelial cells: evidence for specialized functions of paxillin. | to investigate how endothelial cells transduce intracellular signals in response to laminar shear stress (ss), we made use of the papilloma virus oncoprotein e6 which interacts with and induces degradation of numerous cellular proteins including p53 and members of the pdz-domain family. e6 also recognizes paxillin (pxn), a fundamental component of focal adhesions, interfering with its association to focal adhesion kinase (fak). | 2006 | 16624261 |
| human papillomavirus typing with gp5+/6+ polymerase chain reaction reverse line blotting and with commercial type-specific pcr kits. | infection with human papillomavirus (hpv) is a necessary step in the progression to cervical cancer. many methods for hpv testing are currently available, most developed to detect pools of hpv types. | 2006 | 16624614 |
| p16, p14, p53, and cyclin d1 expression and hpv analysis in small cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix. | small cell carcinomas (smccs) of the uterine cervix are rare tumors. the knowledge regarding protein expression of several checkpoint candidates of cell cycle regulation is limited. surgically treated smccs were selected from our files for immunohistochemical staining (neuroendocrine markers, p53, p16, p14, and cyclin d1). polymerase chain reaction analysis, using general primers, was performed for human papillomavirus analysis. nine of 677 tumors (1.3%) were classified as smccs after grimelius ... | 2006 | 16633070 |
| solution structure of the partially folded high-risk human papilloma virus 45 oncoprotein e7. | the oncoprotein e7 of human papilloma viruses (hpv) is involved in the pathogenesis and maintenance of human cervical cancers. the most prevalent hpv types found in cervix carcinomas are hpv16, 18 and 45. the structure of the e7 dimer from hpv45 (pdb 2f8b) was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. each monomer comprises an unfolded n-terminus and a well-structured c-terminal domain with a beta1beta2alpha1beta3alpha2 topology representing a unique zinc-binding fold found only for ... | 2006 | 16636661 |
| adeno-associated virus type 2 increases proteosome-dependent degradation of p21waf1 in a human papillomavirus type 31b-positive cervical carcinoma line. | adeno-associated virus type 2 (aav2) seropositivity is negatively correlated with the development of human papillomavirus (hpv)-associated cervical cancer. we have begun analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying aav2-mediated onco-suppression through cell cycle regulation in hpv-infected keratinocytes isolated from a low-grade cervical lesion. aav2 superinfection of hpv type 31b (hpv31b)-positive cells at early times postinfection resulted in degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk ... | 2006 | 16641284 |
| sindbis virus replicon particles encoding calreticulin linked to a tumor antigen generate long-term tumor-specific immunity. | alphavirus vectors have emerged as a promising strategy for the development of cancer vaccines and gene therapy applications. in this study, we used the replication-defective vaccine vector sin replicon particles from a new packaging cell line (pcl) to develop sin replicon particles encoding calreticulin (crt) linked to a model tumor antigen, human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv16) e7 protein. the linkage of crt to e7 in sin replicon particles resulted in a significant increase in e7-specific cd8(+ ... | 2006 | 16645621 |
| time to clearance of human papillomavirus infection by type and human immunodeficiency virus serostatus. | persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) is central to cervical carcinogenesis. certain high-risk types, such as hpv16, may be more persistent than other hpv types, and type-specific hpv persistence may differ by hiv serostatus. this study evaluated the association between hpv type and clearance of hpv infections in 522 hiv-seropositive and 279 hiv-seronegative participants in the hiv epidemiology research study (hers, united states, 1993-2000). type-specific hpv infections ... | 2006 | 16646070 |
| vulvar, vaginal, and perianal intraepithelial neoplasia in women with or at risk for human immunodeficiency virus. | to compare the incidence of vulvar, vaginal, and perianal intraepithelial neoplasia among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected women with a group of well-matched high-risk hiv-uninfected controls. | 2006 | 16648406 |
| human papillomavirus type 77 e7 protein is a weak deregulator of cell cycle. | human papillomavirus type 77 is a skin type found in non-melanoma skin cancers of immuno-compromised individuals. although, the hpv77 e6 oncoprotein has been well studied, nothing is known about e7. studies on mucosal hpv types (e.g. hpv16) showed that e7 deregulates the cell cycle by binding to and promoting degradation of retinoblastoma protein (prb). here, we characterized the impact of hpv77 e7 on the cell cycle. we observed that hpv77 e7 associated with prb with a lower affinity than hpv16 ... | 2007 | 16650526 |
| [immortalization of human laryngeal epithelial cells induced by human papillomavirus type 16 dna]. | | 2006 | 16671528 |
| coexistence of k-ras mutations and hpv infection in colon cancer. | activation of the ras genes or association with human papillomavirus infection have been extensively studied in colorectal cancer. however, the correlation between k-ras mutations and hpv in colorectal cancer has not been investigated yet. in this study we aimed to investigate the presence of k-ras mutations and their correlation with hpv infection in colon cancer. | 2006 | 16672071 |
| comparison of inno-lipa hpv genotyping v2 with pcr product subcloning and sequencing for identification of genital human papillomavirus genotypes in african women. | the performance characteristics of the inno-lipa genotyping v2 test for human papillomavirus (hpv) identification were assessed by comparing results with those obtained by pcr product sequencing after subcloning, in genital samples from 20 highly sexually exposed african women. the inno-lipa hpv genotyping v2 test identified more hpv types than subcloning/sequencing (56 versus 37, respectively). overall, 86.5% (32/37) of the hpv types identified by subcloning/sequencing were identified by the in ... | 2006 | 16675035 |
| eradication of established hpv 16-expressing tumors by a single administration of a vaccine composed of a liposome-encapsulated ctl-t helper fusion peptide in a water-in-oil emulsion. | human papillomavirus (hpv)-induced cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide with half a million new cases per year. despite the encouraging development of a preventive vaccine for hpv, a therapeutic vaccine for cervical cancer or pre-cancerous lesions remains a high priority. the preclinical study reported here used vaccimax((r)) (vm) to deliver a peptide-based vaccine composed of an hpv 16 e7-derived cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) epitope fused to the t helper epitop ... | 2006 | 16675074 |
| [evaluation of gene chip technology for high risk type human papillomavirus in cervical cancer screening]. | to investigate the clinical value of gene chips technology for human papillomavirus (hpv) in cervical cancer screening. | 2006 | 16677522 |
| diversity of cutaneous human papillomavirus types in individuals with and without skin lesion. | human papillomavirus (hpv) is ubiquitous on the skin of normal and immunosuppressed hosts. | 2006 | 16678481 |
| genital human papillomavirus infection in the male sexual partners of women with isolated vulvar lesions. | the purpose of this study was to detect human papillomavirus (hpv) positivity in the male sexual partners of women with isolated vulvar lesions. the male counterparts of the females were subjected to detailed physical and peniscopic evaluations. after the gross inspection, 5% acetic acid was applied and the whole genital organs were evaluated using a colposcope. overall, 47 male sexual partners with isolated vulvar hpv lesions were included. none of the patients had condylomata acuminata. twenty ... | 2006 | 16681762 |
| costs of detection and treatment of cervical cancer, cervical dysplasia and genital warts in the uk. | infection with human papillomavirus (hpv) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer (cc) and genital warts (gw). hpv vaccination studies have shown excellent efficacy against hpv-induced lesions. to assess the cost-effectiveness of a hpv quadrivalent (6, 11, 16 and 18) vaccine it is necessary to estimate the costs of managing current levels of hpv-related diseases. this study estimates the annual 2003 expenditures in the uk for cc screening, follow-up of abnormal findings, cc treatment and gw trea ... | 2006 | 16684427 |
| abnormal cervical cytology in women eligible for ivf. | chlamydia trachomatis is more prevalent in subfertile women than in the general population and is the leading cause of tubal factor subfertility. as c. trachomatis infections are sexually transmitted, it can be expected that infections with human papillomavirus (hpv) are also more prevalent in this group of women. hpv is a necessary cause for the development of cervical (pre-)malignancies. we therefore hypothesized that subfertile women are more likely to have hpv-induced cervical abnormalities ... | 2006 | 16684844 |
| cervical cancer with human papilloma virus and epstein barr virus positive. | the early-7 (e7) protein of hpv binds to the underphosphorelated form of the tumor suppressor protein--prb and displaces the e2f transcription factor that is normally bound by prb. the latent membrane protein-1 (lmp-1) of ebv prevents apoptosis of b cells by up regulating the expression of bcl-2, and it activates growth promoting pathway that are normally triggered by t cell-derivate signal. the aims of this study to know that in cervical cancer stay hpv and ebv. dna was isolated from nineteen s ... | 2006 | 16686948 |
| [bacteria to prevent and treat cervical cancer induced by human papillomavirus type 16]. | | 2006 | 16687109 |
| the human papillomavirus type 11 e1/\e4 protein is not essential for viral genome amplification. | an abundant human papillomavirus (hpv) protein e1/\e4 is expressed late in the virus life cycle in the terminally differentiated layers of epithelia. the expression of e1/\e4 usually coincides with the onset of viral dna amplification. however, the function of e1/\e4 in viral life cycle is not completely understood. to examine the role of e1/\e4 in the virus life cycle, we introduced a single nucleotide change in the hpv-11 genome to result in a truncation of e1/\e4 protein without affecting the ... | 2006 | 16687161 |
| predicting the nuclear localization signals of 107 types of hpv l1 proteins by bioinformatic analysis. | in this study, 107 types of human papillomavirus (hpv) l1 protein sequences were obtained from available databases, and the nuclear localization signals (nlss) of these hpv l1 proteins were analyzed and predicted by bioinformatic analysis. out of the 107 types, the nlss of 39 types were predicted by predictnls software (35 types of bipartite nlss and 4 types of monopartite nlss). the nlss of the remaining hpv types were predicted according to the characteristics and the homology of the already p ... | 2006 | 16689700 |
| isolation of dna from archival papanicolaou stained cytological smears using a simple salting-out procedure. | dna from archival papanicolaou stained and unstained cytological smears was successfully isolated using a simple, rapid and inexpensive salting-out procedure. the quality of dna was controlled by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of segments of the human beta-globin, human beta-actin and human papillomavirus l1 genes. only negligible differences in amplification efficiency were observed between dna isolated from stained and unstained smears. the salting-out procedure is a more rapid ... | 1995 | 16695977 |
| detection of human papillomavirus in vulval carcinoma using semi-nested pcr and restriction enzyme typing: a rapid and sensitive technique. | aims-to develop a highly sensitive technique for the reliable detection and typing of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna in clinical tissue.methods-a two step, semi-nested pcr was used with primers spanning the l1 region of the hpv genome and capable of detecting hpv dna of all known hpv types. the clinical samples were typed by digestion of the 412 base pair pcr product with rsa i, generating unique fragments for each hpv type. thirteen samples were screened by this method, including nine vulval ca ... | 1996 | 16696082 |
| human papilloma virus detection by in situ hybridisation signal amplification based on biotinylated tyramine deposition. | aim-to describe a method for amplifying human papilloma virus (hpv) in situ hybridisation (ish) signals.methods-three human cervical cell lines, namely caski, hela and siha, containing different copy numbers of integrated hpv dna were studied. following ish, catalysed reporter deposition (card), based on the deposition of biotinylated tyramine at the location of the dna probe, was used to amplify the ish signal.results-using card-ish, one to three hpv type 16 copies were detected in situ both in ... | 1996 | 16696100 |
| inhibition of dna replication of human papillomavirus by artificial zinc finger proteins. | recently, we demonstrated that plant dna virus replication was inhibited in planta by using an artificial zinc finger protein (azp) and created azp-based transgenic plants resistant to dna virus infection. here we apply the azp technology to the inhibition of replication of a mammalian dna virus, human papillomavirus type 18 (hpv-18). two azps, designated azp(hpv)-1 and azp(hpv)-2, were designed by using our nondegenerate recognition code table and were constructed to block binding of the hpv-18 ... | 2006 | 16699021 |
| topical 5% 5-fluorouracil cream in the treatment of plantar warts: a prospective, randomized, and controlled clinical study. | topical 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) is an antineoplastic antimetabolite that inhibits dna and rna synthesis, thereby preventing cell replication and proliferation. this mechanism of action may allow topical 5-fu to be utilized in the treatment of human papilloma virus (hpv). we conducted a study comparing 5% 5-fu cream under tape occlusion versus tape occlusion alone in 40 patients presenting with plantar warts. nineteen out of 20 patients (95%) randomized to 5% 5-fu with tape occlusion had complete e ... | 2006 | 16703777 |
| human papillomavirus infection: an old disease, a new vaccine. | human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is common and causes a wide spectrum of disease. with recent advances in the development of prophylactic hpv vaccines, it is likely that these will be licensed for use in the near future. this review focuses on the science behind hpv vaccines, published clinical trial results for both prophylactic and therapeutic hpv vaccines, important issues relevant to implementation and cost-effectiveness models of hpv vaccination programs. it may be that an hpv vaccine t ... | 2006 | 16704468 |
| human papillomavirus vaccines. | a wealth of epidemiological and molecular evidence has led to the conclusion that virtually all cases of cervical cancer and its precursor intra-epithelial lesions are a result of infection with one or other of a subset of genital human papillomaviruses (hpvs) suggesting that prevention of infection by prophylactic vaccination would be an effective anti-cancer strategy. the papillomaviruses cannot be grown in large amounts in culture in vitro, but the ability to generate hpv virus like particles ... | 2006 | 16710836 |
| controversies in the public health approach to keratinocyte carcinomas. | keratinocyte carcinomas are very common cancers in fair-skinned populations throughout the world. the term 'keratinocyte carcinoma' includes basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, but not other cancers that may be included under the more ambiguous term 'nonmelanoma skin cancer'. incidence and mortality are important for assessing impact and recent research suggests that these cancers are increasing in incidence in young adults. there is evidence to suggest that this trend may be due, in ... | 2006 | 16712708 |
| structural and thermodynamic basis for the enhanced transcriptional control by the human papillomavirus strain-16 e2 protein. | strain 16 of the human papillomavirus is responsible for the largest number of cases of cervical cancers linked to this virus, and the e2 protein is the transcriptional regulator of all viral genes. we present the first structure for the dna binding domain of hpv16 e2 bound to dna, and in particular, to a natural cognate sequence. the nmr structure of the protein backbone reveals that the overall conformation remains virtually unchanged, and chemical shift analysis of the protein bound to a shor ... | 2006 | 16716065 |
| prevalence and risk factors of hpv infection among high-risk rural and urban lithuanian women. | to investigate the prevalence, persistence and risk factors of high oncogenic risk human papillomavirus (hpv) among urban and rural women of reproductive age coming to consult a gynaecologist. | 2006 | 16717474 |
| reduced incidence of cervical cancer in mothers of sons with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma or eczema. | because infection with human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of cervical cancer, it is likely that host immunological factors involved in defense against such infections are important for susceptibility to this cancer. by examining associations between allergy in sons and cervical cancer in their mothers, we aimed to test for genetic components involved in both allergy and cervical cancer development. women born in sweden between 1932 and 1960 with at least 1 son with medical records from mi ... | 2006 | 16721814 |
| human papillomavirus testing in primary cervical screening and abnormal papanicolaou management. | human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is a necessary cause of cervical cancer; hpv testing capitalizes on this fact to maximize the clinical benefits of cervical screening and abnormal papanicolaou (pap) test management. hpv tests in combination with pap tests are 96% to 100% sensitive for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) 2/3 and cancer. however, because hpv infection is common in young women and most commonly transient, hpv testing is not recommended as part of primary cervi ... | 2006 | 16729900 |
| human papillomavirus: the burden of infection. | vaccines for preventing human papillomavirus (hpv) infection are far along in clinical development and testing, and hold great promise for reducing hpv infections and hpv-associated disease. hpv is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states, affecting an estimated 75% of the u.s. population. hpv infection is highly prevalent in sexually active adolescents and young adults. sexual activity is the most important risk factor for infection, with 64% to 82% of sexually active ... | 2006 | 16729902 |
| thinprep cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus detection on evaluating the efficacy of loop electrosurgical excision procedure in treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. | | 2007 | 16730873 |
| nuclear import strategies of high-risk hpv18 l2 minor capsid protein. | we have investigated the nuclear import strategies of high-risk hpv18 l2 minor capsid protein. hpv18 l2 interacts with kap alpha2 adapter, and kap beta2 and kap beta3 nuclear import receptors. moreover, binding of rangtp to either kap beta2 or kap beta3 inhibits their interaction with l2, suggesting that these kap beta/l2 complexes are import competent. mapping studies show that hpv18 l2 contains two nlss: in the n-terminus (nnls) and in the c-terminus (cnls), both of which can independently med ... | 2006 | 16733063 |
| [the development and clinical application of papillomavirus genotyping by dna chip]. | to develop a new platform for genotyping human papillomavirus (hpv) and to investigate its effect in clinical application. | 2006 | 16737573 |
| hpv16 dna in histologically confirmed tumour-free neck lymph nodes of head and neck cancers. | human papillomavirus (hpv) has been demonstrated in lymph node neck metastases (nm) of hpv-positive squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (hnscc), underscoring the possible role of hpv for hnscc progression. reports on hpv infections in histopathologically tumour-free lymph-nodes of the scc of the uterine cervix developing higher rates of lymph-node metastases and recurrences later in the survey of the patients was the starting point of the present study. | 2006 | 16739336 |
| epidemiological and functional implications of molecular variants of human papillomavirus. | human papillomavirus genomes are classified into molecular variants when they present more than 98% of similarity to the prototype sequence within the l1 gene. comparative nucleotide sequence analyses of these viruses have elucidated some features of their phylogenetic relationship. in addition, human papillomavirus intratype variability has also been used as an important tool in epidemiological studies of viral transmission, persistence and progression to clinically relevant cervical lesions. u ... | 2006 | 16751975 |
| enhanced detection and typing of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna in anogenital samples with pgmy primers and the linear array hpv genotyping test. | the roche pgmy primer-based research prototype line blot assay (pgmy-lb) is a convenient tool in epidemiological studies for the detection and typing of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna. this assay has been optimized and is being commercialized as the linear array hpv genotyping test (la-hpv). we assessed the agreement between la-hpv and pgmy-lb for detection and typing of 37 hpv genotypes in 528 anogenital samples (236 anal, 146 physician-collected cervical, and 146 self-collected cervicovaginal ... | 2006 | 16757590 |
| development of a sensitive and specific assay combining multiplex pcr and dna microarray primer extension to detect high-risk mucosal human papillomavirus types. | the importance of assays for the detection and typing of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) in clinical and epidemiological studies has been well demonstrated. several accurate methods for hpv detection and typing have been developed. however, comparative studies showed that several assays have different sensitivities for the detection of specific hpv types, particularly in the case of multiple infections. here, we describe a novel one-shot method for the detection and typing of 19 mucosal high-risk ... | 2006 | 16757593 |
| human papillomavirus testing and liquid-based cytology: results at recruitment from the new technologies for cervical cancer randomized controlled trial. | although testing for human papillomavirus (hpv) has higher sensitivity and lower specificity than cytology alone for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin), studies comparing conventional and liquid-based cytology have had conflicting results. | 2006 | 16757701 |
| hpv testing in routine cervical screening: cross sectional data from the artistic trial. | to evaluate the effectiveness of human papillomavirus (hpv) testing in primary cervical screening. this was a cross-sectional study from the recruitment phase of a prospective randomised trial. women were screened for hpv in addition to routine cervical cytology testing. greater manchester, attendees at routine nhs cervical screening programme. in all, 24 510 women aged 20-64 screened with liquid-based cytology (lbc) and hpv testing at entry. hpv testing in primary cervical screening. type-speci ... | 2006 | 16773068 |
| distribution of human papillomavirus types in thinprep papanicolaou tests classified according to the bethesda 2001 terminology and correlations with patient age and biopsy outcomes. | | 2006 | 16773631 |
| sexually transmitted human papillomavirus type variations resulting in high grade cervical dysplasia in north-east north dakota and north-west minnesota. | a review of pap smear diagnoses from a reference laboratory in grand forks, north dakota over a 3-year period (07/00 to 10/03) revealed a two-fold higher rate of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in a community in northwest minnesota (roseau, 0.486%) than in northeast north dakota (grand forks, 0.249%), in spite of both having similar rates of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (1.33% vs.1.30% respectively) | 2006 | 16776841 |