| a comparison of herpes simplex virus plaque development after viral treatment with anti-dna or antilipid agents. | the plaque development of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv) is slower for viruses treated with two anti-dna agents: ultraviolet radiation (uv) or n-acetoxy-2-acetyl-aminofluorene. for hsv treated with three antimembrane agents--butylated hydroxytoluene, acridine plus near uv radiation, or ether--the plaque development time is the same as for untreated viruses. these differences hold even for viruses that survived treatment that lowered viability below the 1% level. gamma ray inactivation of hsv ... | 1980 | 6266532 |
| detection of serum antibody to herpes simplex virus type i by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | for setting up an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), the virus was propagated in vero cells and partially purified by sonification and ultracentrifugation on 30% sucrose solution. deae ion-exchange column chromatography was used for purification of goat anti-human igg serum. the anti-human igg immune serum and alkaline phosphatase were conjugated by glutaraldehyde method. elisa test was performed by reacting hsv-1 antigen coated ... | 1981 | 6266777 |
| herpes virus inactivation by chemical carcinogens: differential inactivation of herpes simplex viruses by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and related compounds. | treatment of stocks of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) with the chemical carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (nqo) resulted in inactivation of virus infectivity at rates which were directly dependent on the concentration of nqo and interval of exposure to nqo. hsv-1 strains were more sensitive than hsv-2 strains to inactivation by nqo, although survival curves of both hsv types were multicomponent. exposure of hsv-2 to a related group of chemicals suggested that the struct ... | 1981 | 6266824 |
| a deletion analysis of hybrid phage carrying the us region of herpes simplex virus type 1 (patton). i. isolation of deletion derivatives and identification of chi-likes sequences. | the ecori-h fragment (15.4 kb) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has been cloned in lambda gtwes in both orientations. this fragment contains the entire us region and has about 900 bp of terminal redundant sequences derived from the internal and terminal repeats of the s region. 56 independent plaque-forming deletion derivatives of the lambda gt/wes::ecori-h hybrid phage were isolated using either edta resistance or ability to grow on escherichia coli(p2) lysogens as selective methods. the ... | 1981 | 6266916 |
| a deletion analysis of lambda hybrid phage carrying the us region of herpes virus type 1 (patton). ii. construction of an smai map. | the 15.4 kb ecori-h fragment of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strain patton, which contains the entire short unique (us) region, has been cloned in bacteriophage lambda. the fragment contains a terminal redundancy of about 900 bp that represents the s region terminal-repeat sequences. the restriction enzyme smai cleaves the ecori-h fragment at more than 30 sites. we have constructed an smai map of this fragment using thirteen isolates of lambda gtwes hybrid bacteriophage that carry various ... | 1981 | 6266917 |
| seroepidemiologic study of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in delhi. | | 1981 | 6266950 |
| selective uptake of [125i]iododeoxycytidine in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1981 | 6267144 |
| physical mapping of temperature-sensitive mutations of herpes simplex virus type 2 by marker rescue. | the physical mapping of six ts mutations of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is presented. the results were obtained from 14 separate intratypic marker rescue experiments and the analysis of 20 hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants. the order of these mutations on the physical map of hsv-2 is unambiguous and correlates almost exactly with the previously published genetic map of timbury & calder (1976). one of the mutants studied (hsv-2 ts12) has apparently two distinct conditionally lethal ts m ... | 1981 | 6267168 |
| protection of mice by an apathogenic strain hsv-1 against lethal infection by a pathogenic strain of hsv-1. | dba/2 and c57bl/6 mice were infected intraperitoneally with two different strains of herpes simplex virus type 1, hsv-1 ang and hsv-1 wal. unlike hsv-1 wal, hsv-1 ang was apathogenic by this mode of infection. furthermore, infection with hsv-1 ang protected mice of both inbred strains against infections with lethal doses of pathogenic hsv-1 wal. this protection was observed when the apathogenic virus was given with the pathogenic virus or 4 to 24 h before it. | 1981 | 6267173 |
| two-dimensional gel analysis of hsv type 1-induced polypeptides and glycoprotein processing. | two hundred and thirty virus-induced polypeptides have been detected in bhk cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1; strain 17) by means of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. the polypeptides have been characterized by both relative mobility following isoelectric focusing and apparent mol. wt. in sds-polyacrylamide gels. some polypeptides, visualized as a single band on a one-dimensional sds-polyacrylamide gel, were resolved into several spots. three were identified in vmw43, th ... | 1981 | 6267177 |
| adenylic acid: deoxythymidine 5'-phosphotransferase: evidence for the existence of a novel herpes simplex virus-induced enzyme. | bhk (dpyk-) cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) contain a virus-induced deoxythymidine (dthd)-phosphorylating enzyme. this enzyme uses amp as phosphate donor and is called amp :deoxythymidine 5'-phosphotransferase (or kinase). the enzyme was purified over 1300-fold and was found to be specific for an amp substrate. it can thus be distinguished from virus-specific deoxypyrimidine kinase (dpyk). it is shown that the two substrates amp and dthd participate in the reaction at a 1 ... | 1981 | 6267178 |
| experimental studies of acute and recurrent herpes simplex virus infections in the murine heart and dorsal root ganglia. | the multiplication of hsv-1 and hsv-2 strains in the heart and the corresponding dorsal root ganglia (drg) was examined in experimentally infected mice. infectious hsv-1 was recovered from the heart between the second and fourth day after inoculation and 3 days later from the drg. both the heart and drg yielded infectious hsv-2 from the fourth to the twenty-first day after inoculation. the hsv-2, but not the hsv-1, induced recrudescent disease in chronically infected mice up to 18 months after i ... | 1981 | 6267190 |
| biochemical transformation of lm(tk-) cells by hybrid plasmids containing the coding region of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene. | | 1981 | 6267793 |
| inhibitory effects of foscarnet on herpesvirus multiplication in cell culture. | the effect of phosphonoformate (inn; foscarnet sodium) on herpes simplex virus type 1 replication in cell-culture has been studied. at 55 microm, foscarnet reduced the yield by 50 per cent which correlated well with a 50 per cent reduction of plaque formation at 60 microm. foscarnet had to be added before 8 hours post infection to inhibit virus production. the inhibition of herpesvirus plaque formation by the presence of foscarnet for 24 hours was not reversed by the removal of the drug. the inh ... | 1981 | 6268019 |
| a generalized technique for deletion of specific genes in large genomes: alpha gene 22 of herpes simplex virus 1 is not essential for growth. | we describe a general method for inactivation and deletion of genes at specific sites in large dna genomes. in the first step of the procedure, the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase is inserted into the genome at a specific site. in the second step, the thymidine kinase gene is desired sequences flanking the insertion site are deleted. both steps involve recombination of the genomes with cloned chimeric fragments and utilize the available selection for or against thymidine kinase to select t ... | 1981 | 6268303 |
| [research on substances with antiviral activity. xviii. bis-amidinohydrazones of n-heterocyclic aromatic dialdehydes]. | some bis-amidinohydrazones of n-heterocyclic aromatic dialdehydes were synthesised and tested in vitro against the mp mutant of the herpes simplex virus type 1 [hsv - i (mp)]. of the compounds tested, only those with and indole substrate showed some measure of biological activity. | 1981 | 6268442 |
| differentiation of members of the human herpesviridae family by radioimmunoassay. | many individuals who are seronegative for one member of the human herpesviridae family are strongly seropositive for other members. using sera from such individuals, the radioimmunoassay technique demonstrated absence of antigen-antibody cross-reactions between varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) at levels of less than one part in 1,000. sera containing antibody to both hsv and vzv were absorbed with antigens of one agent without significantly altering the amount of remai ... | 1981 | 6268545 |
| induction of ocular herpes simplex virus shedding by iontophoresis of epinephrine into rabbit cornea. | ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) shedding from the latently infected rabbit was induced by iontophoresis of 0.01% epinephrine into the eye. the iontophoresis of epinephrine was at 0.8 mamp for 8 min once a day for 3 consecutive days. shedding was determined by the presence of hsv-1 in the tear film obtained with eye swabs. unilateral epinephrine iontophoresis performed 60 days after inoculation of the virus resulted in ipsilateral hsv-1 shedding in all cases (7/7). bilateral epinephrin ... | 1981 | 6268564 |
| fine-structure mapping of herpes simplex virus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutations within the short repeat region of the genome. | cloned herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna fragments were used to fine-structure map the temperature-sensitive (ts) lesions from four mutants, ts t, d, c75, and k, by marker rescue. these mutants all overproduced immediate-early viral polypeptides at the nonpermissive temperature. although one of these viruses, ts k, gave a more restricted infected-cell polypeptide profile under these conditions than the other three, no complementation was detected between pairwise crosses of these mutants i ... | 1981 | 6268805 |
| amplification of a short nucleotide sequence in the repeat units of defective herpes simplex virus type 1 angelotti dna. | it has been shown earlier that the reiterated regions trs and irs bracketing the us segment of herpes simplex virus type 1 angelotti dna are heterogeneous in size by stepwise insertion of one to six copies of a 550-base-pair nucleotide sequence. considerably higher amplification of this sequence was observed in defective viral dna: up to 14 copies were detected to be inserted in the repeat units of a major class of defective herpes simplex virus type 1 angelotti dna, ddna1, which originated from ... | 1981 | 6268822 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 hindiii fragment l encodes spliced and complementary mrna species. | we have used dna bound to cellulose to isolate and translate in vitro herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) mrna's encoded by hindiii fragment l (mapping between 0.592 and 0.647), and 8.450-base-pair (8.45-kb) portion of the long unique region of the viral genome. readily detectable, late mrna's 2.7 and 1.9 kb in size encoding 69,000- and 58,000-dalton polypeptides, respectively, were isolated. a very minor late mrna family composed of two colinear forms, one 2.6 kb and one 2.8 kb, was isolated an ... | 1981 | 6268843 |
| protectivity of herpes simplex virus antigens: studies in mice on the adjuvant effect of piclc and on the dependence of protection on t cell competence. | the efficacy of a herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) envelope antigen (eag) preparation against hsv infection was studied in t cell competent and t cell deficient mice. immuno-competent mice were successfully protected against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) infection when immunized 2 weeks prior to this infection with a heat-inactivated whole virus preparation or a hsv-1 envelope antigen (hsv-1 eag) preparation. since hsv-1 eag was considerably less effective than the who ... | 1981 | 6268955 |
| the influence of different modes of immunization on the experimental genital herpes simplex virus infection of mice. | previous investigations, which simulated the usual sequence of the human herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections, had shown that the oral infection of mice with hsv-1 caused only weak protection from genital infection with hsv-2, although the course of infection was attenuated and lethality diminished. this heterologous, heterotopic model was compared with a homologous, heterotopic and a heterologous, homotopic model. the results did not differ very much, although the homologous immunization prote ... | 1981 | 6268958 |
| antiherpesviral and anticellular effects of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-(2-halogenovinyl) uracils. | 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-(2-bromovinyl) uracil (bv-ara-u) and 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-(2-chlorovinyl)uracil (cv-ara-u) were tested for their anti-herpesviral activity in virus rating method, a plaque reduction method, and a virus yield reduction method, using human embryonic lung fibroblast (hel-f) cells, at a concentration as low as 0.1 microgram/ml, both drugs exerted a marked inhibitory effect on the development of cytopathogenic effect induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1 ... | 1981 | 6269482 |
| inactivation of herpes simplex virus by a pregnene derivative (tx 3047). | 1. two strains of independently purified herpes simplex virus type 1 were irreversibly inactivated after incubation with the pregnene derivative methyl-p-toluene sulphonate of diethylamino-3-beta-ethoxy-20-hydroxy-pregn-5-ene (tx 3047) in vitro. 2. rna and dna synthesis (both cellular and viral) were studied in the presence of tx 3047. viral and cellular dna synthesis but not viral rna synthesis was reduced. 3. formation of infectious particles was not affected by tx 3047 if the parental virus w ... | 1981 | 6269678 |
| induction of uterine cancer with inactivated herpes simplex virus, types 1 and 2. | a series of studies were performed to evaluate the oncogenic potential of inactivated herpes simplex viruses types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) in the mouse cervix. hsv-1 or hsv-2 prepared in hep-2 cell cultures and inactivated by exposure to formalin or ultraviolet light was applied to the mouse cervix for periods ranging from 20 to 90 weeks. control mice were exposed for the same period to control fluids. vaginal cytologic preparations from all animals were examined weekly to detect epithelial abno ... | 1981 | 6269724 |
| effect of novobiocin and other dna gyrase inhibitors on virus replication and dna synthesis in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected bhk cells. | the four known inhibitors of the bacterial dna gyrase (nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, novobiocin and coumermycin a) were investigated with respect to their effect on the growth of uninfected bhk cells and the yield of virus from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected bhk cells. high concentrations of nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid (about 10 mm) were needed for 50% inhibition of cellular and viral multiplication with less than fourfold preferential inhibition of virus over cell growth. no ... | 1981 | 6270241 |
| comparative mitogenic effects of herpes simplex virus and mycoplasma on murine lymphocytes. | previous work indicated that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is a mitogen for mouse spleen cultures, as monitored by uptake of 3h-thymidine. we observed variable responses of mouse spleen cultures to different viral preparations. the variable responses, which did not follow normal dose-response relationships, were not due to hsv-1 strain differences, altered response kinetics or the presence or absence of defective viral particles, but to mycoplasma contamination of viral stocks. mycoplasma- ... | 1981 | 6270244 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants in two distinct complementation groups of herpes simplex virus type 1 specify thermolabile dna polymerase. | | 1981 | 6270246 |
| morphological components of herpesvirus. iii. localization of herpes simplex virus type 1 nucleocapsid polypeptides by immune electron microscopy. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) nucleocapsids were observed in the electron microscope after their reaction with igg's purified from the sera of rabbits immunized with the individual nucleocapsid polypeptides. the combining sites of nc1, the major capsid protein (mol. wt. 154k), were distributed over the entire capsid surface. this result provides further evidence that nc1 represents the major hexamer constituent. nc2 (mol. wt. 50k) was less widely distributed and appeared to be located at c ... | 1981 | 6270247 |
| transcription and translation of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene after microinjection into xenopus laevis oocytes. | the hybrid plasmid ptk1 consists of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) bamhi p fragment, which contains the thymidine kinase (tk) gene, inserted into the vector pat 153. when ptk1 dna was microinjected into nuclei of xenopus laevis oocytes, functional hsv-1-specific tk was produced, showing that transcription and translation of the gene occurred. investigation of ptk1-specific rna by "southern' blot hybridization revealed that all regions of the hybrid plasmid were transcribed by rna polyme ... | 1981 | 6270258 |
| nucleotide sequences of the joint between the l and s segments of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the a sequence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) is present as a direct repeat at the genomic termini and also in inverted orientation at the joint between the l and s segments. dna sequences have been determined for the joint regions of the genomes of hsv-1 and hsv-2, and relative to these sequences the genomic termini are in both cases located close to a short direct repeat of 17 to 21 base pairs (bp) at the b-a and a-c junctions. the hsv-1 joint region contains three separate tandem direct reiter ... | 1981 | 6270266 |
| physical mapping of drug resistance mutations defines an active center of the herpes simplex virus dna polymerase enzyme. | the genome structures of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants have been previously determined by restriction endonuclease analysis, and these recombinants and their parental strains have been employed to demonstrate that mutations within the hsv dna polymerase locus induce an altered hsv dna polymerase activity, exhibiting resistance to three inhibitors of dna polymerase. the viral dna polymerases induced by two recombinants and their parental strains were purified a ... | 1981 | 6270349 |
| construction and isolation of a transmissible retrovirus containing the src gene of harvey murine sarcoma virus and the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1. | we constructed lambda recombinants containing the harvey murine sarcoma virus genome and the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 linked to each other. the tk gene was located in a position downstream from both the long terminal repeat and the src gene of harvey murine sarcoma virus. the dnas of the lambda recombinants were used to transfect nih3t3 mouse fibroblasts in order to obtain harvey murine sarcoma virus dna-induced foci of transformed cells. the transformed foci wer ... | 1981 | 6270359 |
| identification of a virus-specific polypeptide associated with a transforming fragment (bglii-n) of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna. | the bglii n fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna (approximately 0.58 to 0.63 map unit) was examined for encoded products. using plasmid pgz59, which consists of bglii-n cloned in pat153, in conjunction with hybrid arrested translation, mrna selection, and in vitro protein synthesis, we found that the major translated product of this region has an approximate molecular weight of 37,800. by further mapping, coding sequences for this polypeptide were located within the region of bgli ... | 1981 | 6270369 |
| herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 completely help adenovirus-associated virus replication. | in addition to adenoviruses, which are capable of completely helping adenovirus-associated virus (aav) multiplication, only herpesviruses are known to provide any aav helper activity, but this activity has been thought to be partial (i.e., aav dna, rna, and protein syntheses are induced, but infectious particles are not assembled). in this study, however, we show that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) are in fact complete aav helpers and that aav type 2 (aav2) infectivity yi ... | 1981 | 6270377 |
| regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis: temporal order of transcription of alpha genes is not dependent on the stringency of inhibition of protein synthesis. | operationally, alpha genes of herpes simplex virus 1 were defined on the basis of the observations that they are the earliest genes expressed in the infected cell and that the transcription, processing, accumulation of the mrna's in the infected cell cytoplasm can take place in the presence of inhibitors of protein synthesis, such as cycloheximide. in these studies, we translated in vitro the viral mrna's extracted from cells infected maintained in the presence of cycloheximide, emetine, or anis ... | 1981 | 6270385 |
| differentiation of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 by intranuclear tubular structures in clinical infection. | | 1981 | 6270510 |
| requirement of the human chromosome 11 long arm for replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in nonpermissive chinese hamster x human diploid fibroblast hybrids. | somatic cell hybrids between chinese hamster (ch) lung cells (v79/380-6), nonpermissive for productive infection by herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1), and permissive human diploid cells support productive hsv-1 infection as long as they retain human chromosome 11. human chromosome 3 has been reported to complement nonpermissivity in (ch) don cells (1). intraspecies hybrids between don/a3 and v79/380-6 cells, however, did not support hsv-1 replication, indicating lack of complementation. the block in ... | 1981 | 6270835 |
| 5-methoxymethyldeoxyuridine-resistant mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1981 | 6270889 |
| a virion-associated glycoprotein essential for infectivity of herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1981 | 6270896 |
| inhibition of mouse lm cell replication by trifluorothymidine: role of cytosolic deoxythymidine kinase. | the effects of trifluorothymidine (5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, f3dthd) on the replication of three mouse cell lines, lm929, ltk- (and lm929 derivative devoid of cytosolic deoxythymidine [dthd] kinase activity), and ltk- c139 (a ltk- derivative which expresses herpes simplex virus type 1-specified dthd kinase subsequent to biochemical transformation with ultraviolet-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 1), have been investigated. complete inhibition of ltk- cell growth required a 10,000-fo ... | 1981 | 6271050 |
| [substances with antiviral activity. xix. amidinohydrazones of formylesters and formylthioesters with aromatic n-heterocyclic substrates]. | some formylthioester and formylester amidinohydrazones with aromatic n-heterocyclic moieties, were synthesized and screened in vitro against the mp mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 [hsv-1 (mp)] and parainfluenza type 3 virus, ha-1/cr-8 strain. the amidinohydrazone of 1-phenyl-4-formyl-3-(ethylthio)carbonylpyrrole (i) was the most active compound. | 1981 | 6271568 |
| specific lymphocyte blastogenic responses in children with cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections acquired early in infancy. | cell-mediated immune responses in 27 infants and children with cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection acquired between birth and 1 year of age were compared with responses in 13 children who had neonatal herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. infection was asymptomatic in 25 of 27 cmv-infected children; the 13 patients with hsv infection were all ill as newborns. the median age when studied was 46 months for children infected with cmv and 24 months for those infected with hsv. we measured lymphocyte tra ... | 1981 | 6271679 |
| use of monoclonal antibody directed against herpes simplex virus glycoproteins to protect mice against acute virus-induced neurological disease. | monoclonal antibodies hcl and hd1, directed against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoproteins gc and gd, respectively, were evaluated for their ability to passively immunize mice against acute virus-induced neurological disease after footpad inoculation with hsv-1 or herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). control virus-infected mice receiving a single intraperitoneal injection of normal serum died within 7 to 10 days after the spread of virus from footpad to spinal cord and brain. however, ... | 1981 | 6271681 |
| in vivo reactivation of herpes simplex virus in rabbit trigeminal ganglia: electrode model. | the rabbit provides an excellent model for the study of ocular herpes because herpetic keratitis in the rabbit eye resembles human disease in its clinical features and in its propensity for spontaneous recurrence. this paper presents a method for the electrical induction of multiple episodes of in vivo reactivation of latent hsv-1 infection with peripheral shedding of virus. physiological levels of current delivered via an electrode implanted over the trigeminal ganglion of latently infected ani ... | 1981 | 6271686 |
| inhibition of purified human and herpes simplex virus-induced dna polymerases by 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine triphosphate. effects on primer-template function. | the inhibition of highly purified herpes simplex virus (hsv)-induced and host cell dna polymerases by the triphosphate form of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acyclovir; acycloguanosine) was examined. acyclovir triphosphate (acyclo-gtp) competitively inhibited the incorporation of dgmp into dna, catalyzed by hsv dna polymerase; apparent km and ki values of dgtp and acyclo-gtp were 0.15 microm and 0.003 microm, respectively. hela dna polymerase alpha was also competitively inhibited; km and ki ... | 1981 | 6271750 |
| dna-mediated gene transfer without carrier dna. | dna-mediated gene transfer is a procedure which uses purified dna to introduce new genetic elements into cells in culture. the standard dna-mediated gene transfer procedure involves the use of whole cell dna as carrier dna for the transfer. we have modified the standard dna-mediated gene transfer procedure to transfer the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene (tk) into tk- murine recipient cells in the absence of whole cell carrier dna. the majority (8/10) of carrier-free transforman ... | 1981 | 6271789 |
| cytomegalovirus causes a latent infection in undifferentiated cells and is activated by induction of cell differentiation. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) does not productively infect ott6050af1 brdu, f9, or pcc4 undifferentiated murine teratocarcinoma cell lines, as shown by immunofluorescence assays for viral antigens and by plaque assays for infectious virus. however, these cells were infected by a variety of other viruses. mcmv does productively infect pys2 and ott f12 differentiated murine teratocarcinoma cell lines. the replication of mcmv in the pluripotent pcc4 cell line was examined in detail. undifferentiate ... | 1981 | 6271894 |
| one functional copy of the long terminal repeat gene specifying the immediate-early polypeptide ie 110 suffices for a productive infection of human foetal lung cells by herpes simplex virus. | the hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinant bx1 (28-1) is heterotypic for the repeat sequences flanking the long unique region of the genome (irl and trl) and expresses both the immediate-early polypeptide ie 110 of hsv-1 and its functionally equivalent polypeptide ie 118 of hsv-2. the genome structures of five subclones of this recombinant and the immediate-early polypeptides they induce have been analysed. subclone 14 lacked most of the irl sequence, including the region from which part of the mrna ... | 1981 | 6271901 |
| herpesvirus tamarinus and its relation to herpes simplex virus. | we have characterized herpesvirus tamarinus (ht), a virus of new world primates related to herpes simplex virus. ht virion dna cross-hybridized appreciably with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna. the ht-hsv-1 cross-hybridizing dna sequences were distributed over the length of the genome; some dna sequences, however, were apparently more homologous than others. ht virion dna was estimated from the sum of restriction endonuclease fragments to have a mol. wt. 98 x 10(6). only 1 molar fragment ... | 1981 | 6271910 |
| reiterated sequences within the intron of an immediate-early gene of herpes simplex virus type 1. | we describe the nucleotide sequence of a herpes simplex virus type 1 dna fragment containing the intron of the immediate-early mrna-5 (ie mrna-5) gene. the location of the intron within this fragment was determined by a berk & sharp nuclease s1 protection analysis, and by cloning and sequencing cdna containing sequences overlapping t he ie mrna-5 splice point. we found that the 149 base pair (bp) intron contained four copies of an identical 23 bp gc rich tandem repeat followed by a further reite ... | 1981 | 6272198 |
| deoxyribonuclease i sensitivity of plasmid genomes in teratocarcinoma-derived stem and differentiated cells. | the dnase i (ec 3.1.21.1) sensitivities of the simian virus 40 (sv40) genome, the pbr322 genome, and the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (hsv-1 tk) gene have been compared in teratocarcinoma-derived stem (12-1) and differentiated (12-1a) cell lines established by transfection of thymidine kinase (atp:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.21)-deficient f9 cells with dna from a tripartite plasmid genome consisting of the pbr322 genome, the sv40 genome, and the hsv-1 tk gene. hsv-1 ... | 1981 | 6272288 |
| differential immunologic reactivity and processing of glycoproteins ga and gb of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 made in vero and hep-2 cells. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively) specify five major glycoproteins designated as ga, gb, gc, gd, and ge. previous studies have shown that ga and gb differ in electrophoretic mobility but not in reactivity with antisera prepared to each of these glycoproteins. moreover, ga and gb of hsv-1 crossreact in serologic tests with the corresponding glycoproteins of hsv-2. in this paper, we report on the reactivities of ga and gb of hsv-1 and hsv-2 with 24 independently de ... | 1981 | 6272294 |
| the effect of violamycin bi on different biological systems. note i. the action of violamycin bi on cell cultures infected or not with herpes simplex virus type 1. | the effect of violamycin bi (vbi) was investigated in different cell substrates, infected or not with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), strains vr3 and rapp-1. the cytotoxic dose of vbi was established in calf kidney and human embryo cell cultures. low drug concentrations induced moderate cytotoxic changes, allowing the study of the cells for 4-6 days. the action of vbi on hsv-1 was evident mostly in the early phases of the virus multiplication cycle. the antiviral effect of vbi was due both ... | 1981 | 6272484 |
| consistent appearance of microtubules in cells productively infected with various strains of type 2 herpes simplex virus. | electron microscopic examination showed microtubular structures in fl cells infected with all 18 strains of hsv-2 examined, but not in cells infected with 9 strains of hsv-1. these structures were also detected in other cultured cells (vero and earle's l cells) infected with hsv-2, and also in vivo in cells, such as neuronal cells of the spinal ganglia and liver cells, of one-day-old suckling mice (ddd strain) infected with this type of virus. thus the microtubules were consistently detected in ... | 1981 | 6272691 |
| repair of psoralen-treated dna by genetic recombination in human cells infected with herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex virus type 1 was treated with 4,5'-8-trimethylpsoralen (psoralen) plus near-ultraviolet light in order to produce lesions (monoadducts and dna cross-links) in the viral dna. human fibroblasts were infected by damaged virus under conditions in which either a single virus particle or several particles entered a given cell, and the fraction of virus-producing cells was determined. this fraction was significantly greater for multiply infected cells than for singly infected cells, indi ... | 1981 | 6272987 |
| effects of lectins on peripheral infections by herpes simplex virus of rat sensory neurons in culture. | concanavalin a and wheat germ agglutinin are capable of preventing a productive peripheral infection of dissociated rat sensory neurons in culture by herpes simplex virus type 1. concanavalin a binds to the herpes simplex virion, rendering it inactive, whereas wheat germ agglutinin binds to the peripheral neuritic extensions of the sensory neurons, rendering them incapable of initiating a productive viral infection. this latter effect (i) seems to be specific for wheat germ agglutinin since othe ... | 1981 | 6273322 |
| expression of sv40 t antigen polypeptides in cells biochemically transformed by plasmids containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene and the genome of an sv40tsa mutant. | to study the expression of sv40 tsa genomes that had been non-selectively introduced into mouse cells, sv40 tsa207 dna was cleaved with bamh i and ligated to bamh i-cleaved plasmid pago dna, which contains a functional hsv-1 thymidine kinase (tk) gene in the form of 2 kbp pvu ii fragment inserted at the pvu ii site of pbr322. recombinant plasmids (11-12 kbp) were isolated and amplified in e. coli k12 strain rri. restriction nuclease analyses demonstrated that recombinant plasmids psb15 and psb10 ... | 1981 | 6273334 |
| evaluation of the antiherpetic activity of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-c in rabbit eyes and cell cultures. | 2-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-c (fiac), a new and potent drug, was tested for antiviral activity against several strains of herpes simplex virus (hsv), types 1 and 2. effective dose-50% (ed-50) determinations for fiac ranged from 0.023 to 0.51 mum for hsv-2. fiac-treated cells did not exhibit any toxicity until the drug concentration was increased 2000-fold above the ed-50 level. ocular herpetic keratitis in new zealand white rabbits was treated with 1.0%, 0.1%, 0.01% fiac beginning 3 days after inoculati ... | 1981 | 6273355 |
| quantitation of herpes simplex virus in vitro and in preocular tear film. | current methods for virus isolation from preocular tear film are not quantitative. this report presents a sensitive method for detection and quantitation of herpes simplex virus type 1 in unknown samples of small size (less than 50 microliters). serial tenfold dilutions of stock virus were inoculated onto 16 mm vero cell monolayers, which were monitored for the development of cytopathologic evidence (cpe) for presence of virus and were assigned a severity grade. standard curves were developed on ... | 1981 | 6273356 |
| differences in neurovirulence among isolates of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in mice using four routes of infection. | differences in neurovirulence between herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) were investigated using recent clinical isolates and laboratory-passaged strains in intravaginal, intranasal, intraperitoneal, and intracerebral infections of mice. the hsv-2 isolates caused higher death rates in all four infections. no differences in death rate were observed between recent and passaged isolates of either hsv-1 or hsv-2. after intravaginal inoculation, hsv-1 isolates replicated to higher ... | 1981 | 6273475 |
| excretion of polyamines from baby hamster kidney cells (bhk-21/c13: effect of infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. | confluent monolayers of bhk-21/c13 cells excreted increasing amounts of polyamines into the extracellular medium with time. excretion was specificity of spermidine and was not the result of cell death or lysis. herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) completely prevented excretion of polyamines from 2 h after infection of the cells. the virus specificity inhibited the release of free spermidine but not of conjugated polyamines. | 1981 | 6273498 |
| purine acyclic nucleosides. nitrogen isosteres of 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine as candidate antivirals. | a number of nitrogen analogues of 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine [acylovir, zovirax] containing amine functions in the side chain were synthesized and tested for antiviral activity. these purine acyclic nucleosides were prepared by reaction of tris(trimethylsilyl)guanine or 2,6-diaminopurine sodium salt with the chloromethyl ethers prepared from n-(2-hydroxyethyl)phthalimide, n-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]phthalimide, or n-(2-hydroxyethyl)oxazolidin-2-one to give the n-blocked intermediates 5- ... | 1981 | 6273561 |
| lamellar structures found in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1981 | 6273703 |
| adenovirus late sequences linked to herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase may be introduced into eukaryotic cells and transcribed. | ltk-cells have been transformed to the tk+ phenotype by treatment with size-defined concatamers of hsv-1 tk dna and ad2 bam h1 c fragment (42.0 - 59.5 map units). all tk+ transformants contained ad2 dna as well as hsv-1 tk sequences. in most cases several inserts of virus dna were present, many in high copy numbers. although no ad2 transcription promoter was present in the transforming dna, ad2-specific sequences were detected in polyadenylated cytoplasmic rna species from several cell lines. | 1981 | 6273799 |
| uninfected cell polymerase efficiently transcribes early but not late herpes simplex virus type 1 mrna. | the sequences of the dnas encoding the 5' ends of one early and one late herpes simplex virus type 1 mrna were analyzed, and the 5' ends of these mrna species were precisely located. neither mrna species is spliced and the noncoding strand of the dna contains recognizable t-a-t-a and c-a-t boxes upstream from their respective 5' ends. the early mrna was efficiently transcribed by a commercially available uninfected cell lysate system, but the late mrna was not. this difference between early and ... | 1981 | 6273852 |
| mapping functional domains in the promoter region of the herpes thymidine kinase gene. | the cloned herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) thymidine kinase (tk; atp:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.21) gene can be used to transform tk- cells to a tk+ phenotype. transformants generated in this way express tk at a basal constitutive level that is inducible to a higher level by infection with tk- herpes virus. we have studied the effect of mutations generated in vitro on both the constitutive and virus-induced expression of tk in transformants. four xho i linker insertions and tw ... | 1981 | 6273861 |
| transcription of the simian virus 40 genome in dna-transformed murine teratocarcinoma stem cells. | to study the molecular basis for lack of expression of the simian virus 40 (sv40) early region genes in murine teratocarcinoma-derived stem cells, we introduced a recombinant plasmid consisting of pbr322 linked to the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene and sv40 genome into thymidine kinase-deficient f9 stem cells. the resulting stem cell clone, 12-1, and a retinoic acid-induced differentiated daughter cell clone, 12-1a, each contain one copy per cell of the entire recombinant plas ... | 1981 | 6273868 |
| herpes simplex type 1 dna in human brain tissue. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is known to reside latently in the trigeminal ganglia of man. reactivation of this virus causes skin lesions and may occasionally infect other tissues, including the brain. to determine whether the brain tissue of humans free of clinical signs of hsv-1 infection contains any trace of hsv-1, we examined the dna from brain tissue by endonuclease digestion, separation of the fragments by gel electrophoresis, and hybridization with labeled hsv-1 dna probes. hybrid ... | 1981 | 6273872 |
| repression and activation of the genome of herpes simplex viruses in human cells. | we have described previously a cell culture system in which the herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 (hsv-2) genome is maintained in a repressed form after treatment of infected cells with 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine and increase of incubation temperature from 37 degrees c to 39.5 degrees c. infectious hsv-2 production was activated by altering incubation temperature or by superinfecting with human cytomegalovirus. we now report the establishment of an analogous system utilizing hsv type 1 (h ... | 1981 | 6273875 |
| site-specific inversion sequence of the herpes simplex virus genome: domain and structural features. | the genome of herpes simplex virus-1 consists of two covalently linked components, l and s, that invert relative to each other. the l and s components consist of unique dna sequences bracketed by inverted repeats. the inverted repeats of the l component are designated ab and b' a' and those of the s component are designated a' c' and ca. the number of a sequences at the termini and at the l-s component junction varies from one to several copies. insertion into the middle of the l component of a ... | 1981 | 6273905 |
| antibodies in oligoclonal immunoglobulins in csf from patients with acute cerebrovascular disease. | thin-layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (pag ief) of csf and serum, and subsequent immunofixation with viral and structural brain components followed by autoradiography revealed in eight out of nine selected patients with oligoclonal csf igg and cerebrovascular disease local synthesis within the cns of antibodies against one or more of the viruses tested: six patients against measles, five against herpes simplex virus type 1, and two against varicella virus. this finding may reflect a ... | 1981 | 6274124 |
| antibody mediated destruction of keratocytes infected with herpes simplex virus. | the ability of complement-dependent antibody to mediate destruction of rabbit corneal cells infected with the re and kos strains of hsv-1 was examined. three sources of target cells were used: bhk-21, a monitor of surface antigen expression and cell lysis; sirc, a continuous cell line of rabbit corneal origin; stromal keratocytes, grown from the middle layer of excised rabbit corneas. rabbits were infected intrastromally with the re strain, which causes a high incidence of stromal keratitis, and ... | 1981 | 6274587 |
| permissiveness of rabbit monocytes and macrophages for herpes simplex virus type 1. | the permissiveness of rabbit monocytes and macrophages for herpes simplex virus was examined. peripheral blood monocytes, alveolar macrophages, and peritoneal exudate macrophages were studied for their ability to replicate herpes simplex virus strains re and kos. results indicated different degrees of interaction with virus depending on the macrophage type. only peritoneal exudate macrophages showed evidence of virus replication. productive infection was limited, with only a small number of cell ... | 1982 | 6274797 |
| incorporation of e-5-(2-halovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridines into deoxyribonucleic acids of herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells. | e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (brvdurd) and e-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (ivdurd) are among the most potent and selective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) replication. to elucidate the site of inhibition, we examined whether the halovinyl analogs are incorporated into dna using two approaches. (i) in assays with purified dna polymerases omitting dttp from the reaction system, addition of either brvdutp or ivdutp increased the polymerization reaction, indicating that th ... | 1982 | 6274855 |
| molecular genetics of herpes simplex virus. v. characterization of a mutant defective in ability to form plaques at low temperatures and in a viral fraction which prevents accumulation of coreless capsids at nuclear pores late in infection. | in herpes simplex virus-infected cells, coreless capsids accumulate at the nuclear pores soon after infection, but subsequently disappear, suggesting that, as in adenovirus-infected cells (s. dales and y. chardonnet, virology 56:465-483, 1973), the release of viral dna from nucleocapsids takes place at the nuclear pores. a nonlethal mutant, hsv-1(50b), produced by mutagenesis of hsv dna fragments and selected for delayed production of plaques at 31 degrees c, accumulated coreless capsids at the ... | 1981 | 6275122 |
| acyclovir-resistant mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 express altered dna polymerase or reduced acyclovir phosphorylating activities. | the biochemical properties of four acyclovir-resistant mutants are described. two of these mutants, paar5 and bwr, specified nucleotidyl transferase (dna polymerase) activities which were less sensitive to inhibition by acyclovir triphosphate than their wild-type counterparts. another mutant, iudrr, exhibited reduced ability to phosphorylate acyclovir. the fourth mutant, acgr4, both induced an altered dna polymerase and failed to phosphorylate appreciable amounts of acyclovir. bwr, a new acyclov ... | 1981 | 6275127 |
| quantitation of herpes simplex virus type 1 shed in preocular tear film of rabbits treated with acyclovir. | the quantity and duration of herpes simplex virus type 1 shedding in the preocular tear film of rabbits were measured before, during, and after administration of acyclovir topically, intravenously, and by these routes. topical administration reduced shedding significantly, intravenous administration was without effect and in the combination regimen added nothing to the effectiveness of local application. the effects of acyclovir were temporary because there were significant increase in preocular ... | 1981 | 6275777 |
| virus inhibition assay for measurement of acyclovir levels in human plasma and urine. | a simple microplate virus inhibition assay which measures the levels of acyclovir in plasma and urine samples from patients was developed. the assay is based upon the inhibition of the cytopathic effect of herpes simplex virus type 1 on human fibroblast cells. the extent of inhibition of virus cytopathic effect, caused by dilutions of samples from patients, allowed determination of acyclovir concentrations to be made. the assay, which measured biological activity, could detect acyclovir levels o ... | 1981 | 6275786 |
| incidence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 isolated in patients with herpes genitalis in sheffield. | thirty-one strains of herpesvirus (hsv), isolated from patients presenting with the clinical features of herpes genitalis, were typed by polypeptide analysis of virus proteins in sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gels. nineteen (61.3%) of the isolates were shown to be hsv type 1 and 12 (38.7%) hsv type 2. there was no obvious difference in the incidence of hsv-1 in primary or recurrent infections and no apparent correlation between the genital site of isolation and virus type. the high inci ... | 1982 | 6275940 |
| confirmation of herpes simplex virus type 2 infections in herpes-like genital lesions by a simple complement-fixation test. | the presence of complement-fixing antibody to an early herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antigen (the ag-4 antigen) was correlated with hsv-2 infection in the sera of patients with genital herpes. eighty-eight per cent of sera taken two weeks after clinical diagnosis of a primary or recurrent herpes infection in patients, confirmed to have hsv-2 by virus isolation and typing, contained the anti-ag-4 complement-fixing antibody. none of the patients with genital hsv-1 had the antibody, and only ... | 1982 | 6275941 |
| formation of infectious progeny virus after insertion of herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene into dna of an avian retrovirus. | we have prepared several infectious stocks of an avian retrovirus, spleen necrosis virus, containing the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (tk) gene. the viruses were produced after cotransfection of chicken cells with dna from recombinants between cloned spleen necrosis virus and tk dnas and dna of cloned reticuloendotheliosis virus strain a. removal of sequences in the tk gene for the end of tk mrna increased a thousand fold the yield of infectious recombinant virus. infection of ch ... | 1981 | 6276009 |
| delayed hypersensitivity to herpes simplex virus: murine model. | cell-mediated immunity has been shown to be clinically important in recovery from herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. to investigate the role of delayed hypersensitivity (dh) in immunity and protection against hsv, we developed a murine model using the ear-swelling assay. mice were infected subcutaneously with hsv-1 and ear-challenged, and the swelling was quantified. significant ear swelling was detected by 3 to 4 days postinfection and peaked at 6 days. the kinetics of development of ear sw ... | 1982 | 6276305 |
| incorporation of 32p-phosphate into membrane phospholipids during infection of cultured human fibroblasts by herpes simplex virus type 1. | infection of cultured human skin fibroblasts by herpes simplex virus leads to increased incorporation of labeled inorganic phosphate into host membrane sphingomyelin. incorporation into the other major membrane phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine, was unaffected. since sphingomyelin has been shown to serve as precursor to ceramides (via sphingomyelinase) in monkey kidney cells and since enhanced synthesis of ceramide ... | 1981 | 6276329 |
| ocular disease pattern induced by herpes simplex virus is genetically determined by a specific region of viral dna. | the pattern of ocular disease produced in the rabbit eye by hsv-1 (f) and hsv-1(mp) strains and recombinants f(mp)a, f(mp)b, f(mp)c, f(mp)d, f(mp)e, and f(mp)f was studied. the characteristics of ocular herpetic disease such as morphology of dendritic ulcers, severity of epithelial disease and incidence and duration of stromal disease produced in the rabbit eye are genetically determined by the virus strain. our studies show that transfer of a defined part of the genome of the stromal disease-pr ... | 1982 | 6276491 |
| synthesis and biological activity of certain derivatives of oxazinomycin and related oxadiazole nucleosides. | oxazinomycin was converted into 2',3',5'-tri-o-acetyloxazinomycin (2) and 2',3'-o-isopropylideneoxazinomycin (3), respectively. compound 3 was iodinated and reduced to provide 5'-deoxy-2',3'-o-isopropylideneoxazinomycin (5) which, after acid hydrolysis, provided 5'-deoxyoxazinomycin (6). alternatively, the iodination of oxazinomycin followed by catalytic hydrogenation also provided 6. oxazinomycin was treated with 2-acetoxybenzoyl chloride to provide 3'-o-acetyl-2'-chloro-2'-deoxyoxazinomycin (8 ... | 1981 | 6276541 |
| viral receptors on isolated murine and human ependymal cells. | viruses that infect ependyma cause ependymitis in humans and hydrocephalus in experimental animals. we report that reovirus type 1 (which induces hydrocephalus in mice) binds to the surface of isolated human and murine ciliated ependymal cells. with the use of recombinant viral clones, the binding property was mapped to the type 1 viral hemagglutinin, which also determines in vivo the affinity of reovirus type 1 for ependyma. mumps virus, measles virus, parainfluenza type 3, and herpes simplex v ... | 1982 | 6276976 |
| alkaline phosphodiesterase i and alkaline phosphatase i in plasma membranes of herpes simplex virus type 1 transformed hamster cells. | plasma membrane extracts from herpes simplex virus type 1 transformed hamster embryo fibroblasts were chromatographed on lens culinaris lectin coupled to sepharose (lch-sepharose) and analysed by dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. coomassie blue-staining revealed two major protein bands with apparent molecular weights of 125 000 and of about 75 000-90 000. in plasma membranes isolated from these tumor cells prior labeled with [3h]fucose or [3h]glucosamine these bands contained ... | 1982 | 6277377 |
| pyrophosphate analogues as inhibitors of dna polymerases of cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus and cellular origin. | several pyrophosphate analogues have been compared for their ability to inhibit the activities of isolated cytomegalovirus (cmv) dna polymerase, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) dna polymerase and calf thymus dna polymerase alpha. the most effective inhibitors were phosphonoformate and phosphonoacetate. although not identical, the structural requirements for compounds inhibitory to cmv and hsv-1 dna polymerase were specific, with two negatively charged groups in close vicinity. the cmv dna po ... | 1982 | 6277381 |
| characterization of coliphage lambda hybrids carrying dna fragments from herpes simplex virus type 1 defective interfering particles. | we describe the characterization of 34 hybrid lambda bacteriophages carrying ecori fragments obtained from dna of defective interfering particles of the patton strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). all cloned fragments contained s region terminal repeat sequences (trs) fused to unique hsv-1 dna. several fragments contained deletions and rearrangements not described previously for dna of hsv-1 defective interfering particles. a model describing the generation of defective interfering dna ... | 1981 | 6277739 |
| pathogenesis of herpes simplex virus infections in guinea pigs. | the pathogenesis of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 has been studied in guinea pigs after inoculation by various routes (subcutaneous and intradermal infection in footpads and vaginal infection). clinical observations as well as virus isolation studies are reported. herpes simplex virus type 2 infection by all three routes of inoculation led to acute primary and recurrent lesions. virus persisted in the nervous system, particularly in sensory ganglia, and locally at the site of inoculation. h ... | 1981 | 6277787 |
| monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 proteins, including the immediate-early protein icp 4. | monoclonal antibodies were prepared against herpes simplex virus type 1 (strain 14012) by two immunization procedures. procedure a utilized infectious virus propagated in mouse cells, and procedure b utilized mouse cells infected with herpes simplex virus in the presence of cycloheximide and harvested 1 h after removal of the inhibitor. a total of 52 monoclonal antibodies were obtained against 10 herpes simplex virus proteins, including four glycosylated proteins (a 110,000-molecular-weight prot ... | 1981 | 6277788 |
| pathogenesis of experimental skin infections induced by drug-resistant herpes simplex virus mutants. | the comparative analysis of the pathogenicity of a parental herpes simplex virus type 1 strain and its phosphonoacetic acid (paa)-resistant and acyclovir (acv)-resistant mutants showed marked differences among them. after orofacial skin inoculation of hairless mice the parental and paa-resistant viruses were detected during the first 4 days after infection at high and increasing titers in the trigeminal ganglia; the acv-resistant mutant was present at low and decreasing titers in the ganglia. se ... | 1981 | 6277789 |
| cell-mediated immunity to herpes simplex virus: recognition of type-specific and type-common surface antigens by cytotoxic t cell populations. | in this communication, we examine the specificity of anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl). serological studies of the two related hsv serotypes (hsv-1 and hsv-2) have revealed both type-specific and cross-reactive antigenic determinants in the viral envelope and on the surface of infected cells. by analysis of cytotoxicity of ctl, generated in vitro by restimulation of splenocytes from mice primed with one or the other hsv serotype, the recognition of both type-specific ... | 1981 | 6277790 |
| antibody responses in humans to individual proteins of herpes simplex viruses. | sera from 231 women were used to examine their frequency of precipitation of various herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) proteins and to determine if there was a rank order of immune responsiveness of humans to these hsv antigens. radiolabeled viral proteins were reacted with serum and immune complexes isolated with staphylococcal protein a. individual antigens were resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized by fluorography. as a group, these sera precipitated ... | 1981 | 6277791 |
| the site of integration of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene in human cells transformed by an hsv-1 dna fragment. | to analyze the site of integration of the herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-i) thymidine kinase (tk) gene in biochemically transformed human cells, tk-hela-(bu25) cells were transformed to the tk+ phenotype by a cloned, 2 kbp pvull fragment of hsv-i dna. the transformed cells [hela(bu25)/tf pago pp3] were fused with mouse lm(tk-) cells, and human-mouse somatic cell hybrid clones (lh pp3 clones 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6) were isolated in hatg-ouabain selective medium. the hela(bu25)/tf pago pp3 cells and t ... | 1981 | 6277799 |
| sulphated glycoproteins induced by herpes simplex virus. | bhk cells infected with strain 17 syn+ (hsv-1) or hg52 (hsc-2) incorporated inorganic sulphate into polypeptides which co-migrated on sds-polyacrylamide gels with virus-induced glycoproteins. the major sulphated glycoprotein was glycoprotein e. in addition, less-intense sulphated bands co-migrated with glycoprotein d and hsv-1 glycoprotein a/b/c. sulphate label co-migrating with hsv-2 glycoprotein a/b/c was occasionally observed. we have investigated which sulphated polypeptides are excreted fro ... | 1982 | 6278062 |
| expression of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | yeast plasmids have been constructed that carry the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) thymidine kinase (tk) gene which is functionally expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the expression of the tk gene appears to be due to transcriptional read-through from a yeast promoter that lies on the 3' side of the his3 gene. the tk+ yeast possesses in vitro thymidine kinase activity which is absent in the original yeast strain. yeast strains auxotrophic for thymidine monophosphate (dtmp) (tmp1) can gr ... | 1981 | 6278252 |
| development of oral hsv-1 infection model in mice. evaluation of efficacy of 5'-amino-5-iodo-2',5'-dideoxyuridine. | we developed a new model of oral hsv-1 infection in mice. after oral inoculation, 100 percent of mice developed the clinical lesions at the inoculated area and latent hvs infection in their trigeminal ganglia without mortality. the antiherpetic efficacy of aidurd, an agent specifically activated by herpesvirus-encoded enzyme, has been evaluated in this animal model. early topical or systemic treatment of aidurd notably reduced the development of clinical lesions and the virus content in the inoc ... | 1982 | 6278378 |