| effects of polar solvents on the mechanical behavior of fish scales. | fish scales are unique structural materials that serve as a form of natural armor. in this investigation the mechanical behavior of scales from the cyprinus carpio was evaluated after exposure to a polar solvent. uniaxial tensile and tear tests were conducted on specimens prepared from the scales of multiple fish extracted from near the head, middle and tail regions, and after exposure to ethanol for periods from 0 to 24h. submersion in ethanol caused instantaneous changes in the tensile propert ... | 2016 | 26838819 |
| metabolism and disposition of aditoprim in swine, broilers, carp and rats. | aditoprim (adp) is a newly developed antibacterial agent in veterinary medicine. the metabolism and disposition of adp in swine, broilers, carp and rats were investigated by using a radio tracer method combined with a radioactivity detector and a liquid chromatography/ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. after a single oral administration, more than 94% of the dose was recovered within 14 d in the four species. the urine excretion was dominant in swine and rats, making up 78% of the dose. ... | 2016 | 26838160 |
| identification of furan fatty acids in the lipids of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | fatty acid (fa) composition was analyzed in muscle and gonad tissues of marketed common carp (cyprinus carpio). the extracted lipids were separated into four fractions: polar lipids (pl), diacylglycerols, free fatty acids and triacylglycerols (tag) using thin layer chromatography. fa content within the lipid fractions was determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (gc/fid). the muscle lipids consisted primarily of tag (96.9% of total fa), while pl were the major component of ... | 2016 | 26830577 |
| roles of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors in spinocerebellar ataxias. | modulation of the intracellular calcium concentration is a ubiquitous signaling system involved in the control of numerous biological processes in a wide variety of cells. inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ip3) receptors (ip3rs), which act as calcium release channels in the er membrane, play a key role in the regulation of intracellular calcium concentration. ip3r type 1 (ip3r1) is the major neuronal ip3r isoform in the central nervous system and particularly abundant in cerebellar purkinje cells. h ... | 2016 | 26827887 |
| persistent halogenated compounds in fish from rivers in the pearl river delta, south china: geographical pattern and implications for anthropogenic effects on the environment. | three fish species, mud carp (cirrhinus molitorella), tilapia (tilapia nilotica), and plecostomus (hypostomus plecostomus), from rivers in the pearl river delta (prd) were analyzed for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (ddts), hexachlorocyclohexanes (hchs), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), decabromodiphenyl ethane (dbdpe), and dechlorane plus (dp). the concentrations of ddts, hchs, pcbs, pbdes, dbdpe, and dp ranged from 380-57,000, 5.5-1 ... | 2016 | 26821261 |
| the metabolites of glutamine prevent hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis through inhibiting mitochondria and calcium ion involved pathways in fish erythrocytes. | the present study explored the apoptosis pathways in hydroxyl radicals ((∙)oh)-induced carp erythrocytes. carp erythrocytes were treated with the caspase inhibitors in physiological carp saline (pcs) or ca(2+)-free pcs in the presence of 40μm feso4/20μm h2o2. the results showed that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ros), the release of cytochrome c and dna fragmentation were caspase-dependent, and ca(2+) was involved in calpain activation and phosphatidylserine (ps) exposure in (∙)oh-i ... | 2016 | 26795598 |
| effect of alginate/carboxyl methyl cellulose composite coating incorporated with clove essential oil on the quality of silver carp fillet and escherichia coli o157:h7 inhibition during refrigerated storage. | the effects of alginate/carboxyl methylcellulose composite coating incorporated with clove essential oil on quality of silver carp fillet chilled storage (4 + 1 °c) were examined over a period of 16 days. the control samples (c), alginate/carboxyl methylcellulose coating (c-a), alginate/carboxyl methylcellulose composite coating incorporated with clove essential oil (with different concentration 1 and 1.5 %) (c-a + ceo1 % and c-a + ceo 15 % respectively) were analyzed by bacteriological (total v ... | 2016 | 26787996 |
| ultrastructural and cytochemical properties of peripheral blood cells of piebald naked carp (gymnocypris eckloni). | the ultrastructural and cytochemical properties of peripheral blood cells of gymnocypris eckloni were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and a range of cytochemical techniques to provide clear insight into the structure and function of blood cells from this fish. ultrastructurally, erythrocytes, leucocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes), thrombocytes and plasma cells were identified in the peripheral blood of g. eckloni. the most special ultrastructural characte ... | 2017 | 26786325 |
| positive darwinian selection within interferon regulatory factor genes of gymnocypris przewalskii (cyprinidae) on the tibetan plateau. | tibetan plateau (tp) had experienced phased uplift, resulting in inhospitable environment of low temperature, hypoxia and high ultraviolet radiation for tibetan wildlife. many organisms can well adapt to tp, it is of ecological and evolutionary interest to untangle how organisms adapt to extreme environment on tp through evolution. previous studies mainly focused on hypoxia and metabolism related genes, but we know little about the evolutionary history of immune genes in tibetan wildlife. in thi ... | 2016 | 26774494 |
| metabolic capacities of common carp (cyprinus carpio) following combined exposures to copper and environmental hypoxia. | in aquatic ecosystems, a decline in water o2 level is the main factor that can release heavy metal ions from top sediment layer. therefore, hypoxia in turn, and in association with heavy metals might provide undesirable environment and impairs physiological functions of aquatic animals. to address this, metabolic capacities, including standard metabolic rate (smr), maximum metabolic rate (mmr), aerobic scope (as) and factorial aerobic scope (fas) of common carp were determined following exposure ... | 2016 | 26774182 |
| effects of temperature and trophic state on degradation of environmental dna in lake water. | degradation of environmental dna (edna) in aquatic habitats can affect the interpretation of edna data and the ability to detect aquatic organisms. the effect of temperature and trophic state on the decay of common carp (cyprinus carpio) edna was evaluated using lake water microcosms and quantitative pcr for a common carp-specific genetic marker in two experiments. the first experiment tested the effect of temperature on common carp edna decay. common carp edna exhibited exponential decay that i ... | 2016 | 26771292 |
| hot water extract of leather carp (cyprinus carpio nudus) improves exercise performance in mice. | the hot water extract of leather carp (cyprinus carpio nudus) has been used as a nourishing tonic soup and as an aid for recovery from physical fatigue. in this study, we investigated the effect of leather carp extract on exercise performance in mice. swimming endurance and forelimb grip strength were assessed following oral administration of the extract (once per day for 7 days) at a dose of 0.5 mg/10 μl/g body weight. after 7 days, mice given the leather carp extract had significantly greater ... | 2015 | 26770911 |
| genomic incompatibilities in the diploid and tetraploid offspring of the goldfish × common carp cross. | polyploidy is much rarer in animals than in plants but it is not known why. the outcome of combining two genomes in vertebrates remains unpredictable, especially because polyploidization seldom shows positive effects and more often results in lethal consequences because viable gametes fail to form during meiosis. fortunately, the goldfish (maternal) × common carp (paternal) hybrids have reproduced successfully up to generation 22, and this hybrid lineage permits an investigation into the genomic ... | 2016 | 26768847 |
| recombinant carp il-4/13b stimulates in vitro proliferation of carp igm(+) b cells. | teleost il-4/13b is a cytokine related to mammalian il-4 and il-13, of which hitherto the function had not been studied at the protein level. we identified an il-4/13b gene in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and expressed the recombinant protein (rcil-4/13b). rcil-4/13b was shown to stimulate proliferation of igm(+) b cells, because after four days of stimulation the igm(+) fraction of carp kidney and spleen leukocytes had formed many cell colonies, whereas such colonies were not found in the abse ... | 2016 | 26766176 |
| efficacy assessment of three inactivated koi herpes virus antigen preparations against experimental challenge virus infection in common carp. | | 2016 | 26765154 |
| nitric oxide availability in deeply hypoxic crucian carp: acute and chronic changes and utilization of ambient nitrite reservoirs. | recent research suggest that anoxia-tolerant fish transfer extracellular nitrite into the tissues, where it is used for nitric oxide (no) generation, iron-nitrosylation, and s-nitrosation of proteins, as part of the cytoprotective response toward prolonged hypoxia and subsequent reoxygenation. we hypothesized that crucian carp take up ambient nitrite and use it as a source of cellular no availability during hypoxia. fish were exposed for 1 day to normoxia (po2 > 140 mmhg) and deep hypoxia (1 < p ... | 2016 | 26764058 |
| temporal patterns of larval fish occurrence in a large subtropical river. | knowledge of temporal patterns of larval fish occurrence is limited in south china, despite its ecological importance. this research examines the annual and seasonal patterns of fish larval presence in the large subtropical pearl river. data is based on samples collected every two days, from 2006 to 2013. in total, 45 taxa representing 13 families and eight orders were sampled. the dominant larval family was cyprinidae, accounting for 27 taxa. squaliobarbus curriculus was the most abundant speci ... | 2016 | 26760762 |
| dipeptidyl peptidase iv-inhibitory peptides derived from silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix val.) proteins. | the dipeptidyl peptidase iv (dpp-iv)-inhibitory bioactivity of silver carp protein (scp) hydrolysates were investigated, and their containing efficacious dpp-iv-inhibitory peptides were explored by in silico hydrolysis analysis, peptide separation combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) identification, and chemical synthesis. scp hydrolysates generated by six proteases all showed efficient dpp-iv-inhibitory activities, and neutrase-generated hydrolysates had the g ... | 2016 | 26758401 |
| anticitrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor are associated with increased mortality but with different causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a longitudinal study in three european cohorts. | patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra)-related autoantibodies have an increased mortality rate. different autoantibodies are frequently co-occurring and it is unclear which autoantibodies associate with increased mortality. in addition, association with different causes of death is thus far unexplored. both questions were addressed in three early ra populations. | 2016 | 26757747 |
| the effect of the fluoroquinolone norfloxacin on somatic indices and oxidative stress parameters in early stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the aim of this study was to assess the effect of the subchronic exposure of early stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) to norfloxacin using morphometric data and oxidative stress parameters. | 2015 | 26757128 |
| effects of terbuthylazine on early life stages of common carp. | the aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of terbuthylazine in different developmental stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio) on the basis of mortality, early ontogeny, occurrence of morphological anomalies, growth rate, and fulton's condition factor during and at the conclusion of the test. | 2015 | 26757117 |
| effects of acute exposure to deltamethrin and recovery time on common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the aim of this study is to evaluate effects of the insecticide decis mega (dm; active substance deltamethrin 50 g.l(-1)) on common carp on the basis of haematological profile, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes and histopathology. | 2015 | 26757116 |
| biomarkers of cytotoxic, genotoxic and apoptotic effects in cyprinus carpio exposed to complex mixture of contaminants from hospital effluents. | hospital wastewater is an important source of emerging contaminants. recent studies emphasize the importance of assessing the effects of mixtures of contaminants rather than environmental risk of their individual components, as well as the determination of intrinsic toxicity of wastewater. mixtures of pollutants has possible interactions that have notable environmental side effects. the aim of this study is an attempt to characterize biomarkers in cyprinus carpio related to the exposure to a com ... | 2016 | 26754545 |
| gelling properties of fish/pork mince mixtures. | the gel properties of silver carp/pork mince mixtures were investigated as well as the protein structural changes and interactions during gelling using rheology, sem, and ft-raman spectroscopy. the breaking force values for gels containing 0% to 40% pork was significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared with gels containing 50% to 100% pork. gels containing 70% to 100% pork had significantly higher (p < 0.05) breaking force values compared with gels containing 50% to 60% pork. deformation values were ... | 2016 | 26749339 |
| use of the integrated biomarker response to measure the effect of short-term exposure to dibenz[a,h]anthracene in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | dibenz[a,h]anthracene (dba) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is released into the environment through incomplete combustion of gasoline, cigarettes, and coal tar. the effects of short-term (10 days) exposure of common carp (cyprinus carpio) to dba (0-50 µg l(-1)) were evaluated using the following four biomarkers: dna damage, 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity, acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity, and vitellogenin (vtg) levels. an integrated biomarker response (ibr) was cal ... | 2016 | 26744022 |
| innate immune response against an oomycete pathogen aphanomyces invadans in common carp (cyprinus carpio), a fish resistant to epizootic ulcerative syndrome. | infection with aphanomyces invadans, also known as epizootic ulcerative syndrome, is a destructive disease of freshwater and brackishwater fishes. although more than 130 species of fish have been confirmed to be susceptible to this disease, some of the commercially important fish species like common carp, milk fish and tilapia are reported to be resistant. species that are naturally resistant to a particular disease, provide a potential model to study the mechanisms of resistance against that di ... | 2016 | 26739655 |
| a laboratory investigation of the suspension, transport, and settling of silver carp eggs using synthetic surrogates. | asian carp eggs are semi-buoyant and must remain suspended in the water to survive, supported by the turbulence of the flow, until they hatch and develop the ability to swim. analysis of the transport and dispersal patterns of asian carp eggs will facilitate the development and implementation of control strategies to target the early life stages. experimenting with asian carp eggs is complicated due to practical issues of obtaining eggs in close proximity to experimental facilities and extensive ... | 2015 | 26713855 |
| complete mitochondrial genome sequence of indian medium carp, labeo gonius (hamilton, 1822) and its comparison with other related carp species. | in the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of labeo gonius is reported using pgm sequencer (ion torrent). the complete mitogenome of l. gonius is obtained by the de novo sequences assembly of genomic reads using the torrent mapping alignment program (tmap) which is 16 614 bp in length. the mitogenome of l. gonius comprised of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 trnas, 2 rrna genes, and d-loop as control region along with gene order and organization, being similar to most of other f ... | 2017 | 26710185 |
| characterization of antioxidant system parameters in four freshwater fish species. | the potential use of antioxidant system parameters has gained considerable interest due to their pivotal role of detoxification mechanisms in environmental studies and culture fish point of view. fish with different ecological needs may have different antioxidant capacity and response to environmental contaminants. thus, the optimal working conditions and specific enzyme activities (vmax and km) of antioxidant system parameters (superoxide dismutase, sod; catalase, cat; glutathione peroxidase, g ... | 2016 | 26707186 |
| thermophile-fermented compost as a fish feed additive modulates lipid peroxidation and free amino acid contents in the muscle of the carp, cyprinus carpio. | recently, a compost fermented with marine animals with thermophilic bacillaceae in a clean and exclusive process at high temperature was reported as a possible feed additive to improve the healthy balance in sea fish and mammals (i.e., pigs and rodents). here, the effects of the oral administration of the compost on the muscle and internal organs of carp (cyprinus carpio) as a freshwater fish model were investigated. the fatty acid composition was different in the muscle of the carp fed with or ... | 2016 | 26702954 |
| muscle wound healing in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | we followed the progression of healing of deep excisional biopsy punch wounds over the course of 365 days in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by monitoring visual wound healing and gene expression in the healing muscle at regular intervals (1, 3, 7, 14, 38 and 100 days post-wounding). in addition, we performed muscle texture analysis one year after wound infliction. the selected genes have all previously been investigated in relation to vertebrate wound healing, but only few specifically in f ... | 2016 | 26702558 |
| population genetic characterization and family reconstruction in brood bank collections of the indian major carp labeo rohita (cyprinidae:cypriniformes). | the founder stock of a captive breeding program is prone to changes in genetic structure due to inbreeding and genetic drift. genetic characterization of the founder population using suitable molecular markers may help monitor periodic changes in the genetic structure in future. to develop benchmark information about the genetic structure we analyzed six microsatellite loci in the brodbank collections of rohu (labeo rohita) originated from three major rivers-the jamuna, the padma and the halda. ... | 2015 | 26697284 |
| genome-wide identification, phylogeny, and expression of fibroblast growth genes in common carp. | fibroblast growth factors (fgfs) are a large family of polypeptide growth factors, which are found in organisms ranging from nematodes to humans. in vertebrates, a number of fgfs have been shown to play important roles in developing embryos and adult organisms. among the vertebrate species, fgfs are highly conserved in both gene structure and amino-acid sequence. however, studies on teleost fgfs are mainly limited to model species, hence we investigated fgfs in the common carp genome. we identif ... | 2016 | 26691502 |
| acute exposure to the biopesticide azadirachtin affects parameters in the gills of common carp (cyprinus carpio). | the biopesticide, azadirachtin (aza) is less hazardous to the environment, but may cause several toxic effects in aquatic organisms. the cyprinus carpio (n=12, for all concentrations) after 10days of acclimation under controlled conditions, were exposed at 20, 40, and 60μl/l of aza during 96h. after this period, fish were anesthetized and euthanized then mucus layer and gills collected. in this study, the effects of exposure to different aza concentrations were analysed through a set of biomarke ... | 2016 | 26689640 |
| functional analysis of membrane-bound complement regulatory protein on t-cell immune response in ginbuna crucian carp. | complements have long been considered to be a pivotal component in innate immunity. recent researches, however, highlight novel roles of complements in t-cell-mediated adaptive immunity. membrane-bound complement regulatory protein cd46, a costimulatory protein for t cells, is a key molecule for t-cell immunomodulation. teleost cd46-like molecule, termed tecrem, has been newly identified in common carp and shown to function as a complement regulator. however, it remains unclear whether tecrem is ... | 2016 | 26688068 |
| phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses of the frizzled gene family in common carp (cyprinus carpio) provide insights into gene expansion from whole-genome duplications. | in humans, the frizzled (fzd) gene family encodes 10 homologous proteins that commonly localize to the plasma membrane. besides being associated with three main signaling pathways for cell development, most fzds have different physiological effects and are major determinants in the development process of vertebrates and. here, we identified and annotated the fzd genes in the whole-genome of common carp (cyprinus carpio), a teleost fish, and determined their phylogenetic relationships to fzds in ... | 2015 | 26675214 |
| anti-carbamylated protein antibody levels correlate with anti-sa (citrullinated vimentin) antibody levels in rheumatoid arthritis. | the presence of anticitrullinated protein antibodies (acpa) in rheumatoid arthritis (ra) indicates a breach in immune tolerance. recent studies indicate that this breach extends to homocitrullination of lysines with the formation of anti-carbamylated protein (anti-carp) antibodies. we analyzed the clinical and serologic relationships of anti-carp in 2 ra cohorts. | 2016 | 26669911 |
| influences of radiation on carp from farm ponds in fukushima. | a massive release of artificial radionuclides from the fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power plant caused radioactive contamination of farms as well as of aquatic products. carp in small ponds in the highly radiocontaminated area of iitate village, fukushima prefecture, have been confined to the ponds since the accident, and it is thought that the carp may have suffered health issues as a result. therefore, i investigated the health condition of the carp in order to elucidate the effects of radiation ... | 2015 | 26666689 |
| effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on autophagy-related genes in the brain of common carp: health-risk assessments. | this study assessed the impacts of atrazine (atr), chlorpyrifos (cpf), and a combined atr/cpf exposure on the brain of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). the carp were sampled after a 40-days exposure to cpf and atr, individually or in combination, followed by a 40-days recovery period to measure autophagy and antioxidant activity. the results indicate that the anti-superoxide anion and anti-hydroxy radical activities decreased upon exposure to atr, cpf, and the atr/cpf combination but increased ... | 2016 | 26662364 |
| short article: successful faecal coliform sensitivity-based oral ertapenem therapy for chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis: a case series. | pouchitis is a common complication of restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis, and a proportion of patients develop a refractory course. the treatment of chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis (carp) is challenging, and treatment failure is often a cause of pouch excision. we report on a series of three patients with carp who were treated with oral ertapenem following faecal coliform sensitivity testing. there was an improvement in the pouchitis disease activity index in all three pa ... | 2016 | 26657456 |
| differential modulation of ammonia excretion, rhesus glycoproteins and ion-regulation in common carp (cyprinus carpio) following individual and combined exposure to waterborne copper and ammonia. | the main objective of this study was to understand the mode of interaction between waterborne copper (cu) and high environmental ammonia (hea) exposure on freshwater fish, and how they influence the toxicity of each other when present together. for this purpose, individual and combined effects of cu and hea were examined on selected physiological and ion-regulatory processes and changes at transcript level in the common carp (cyprinus carpio). juvenile carp were exposed to 2.6μm cu (25% of the 9 ... | 2016 | 26655657 |
| matrix metalloproteinase 2 (mmp-2) plays a critical role in the softening of common carp muscle during chilled storage by degradation of type i and v collagens. | matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) are proposed to play important roles in the degradation of collagens, thus causing the post-mortem softening of fish muscle, although the specific mechanism remains largely unresolved. previously, we reported the existence of gelatinase-like proteinases in common carp (cyprinus carpio) muscle. the primary structures of these proteinases, however, have never been investigated. in the present study, two mmps with molecular masses of 66 and 65 kda were purified to h ... | 2015 | 26653826 |
| attempts to improve nitrogen utilization efficiency of aquaponics through nitrifies addition and filler gradation. | aquaponics has attracted worldwide attention in recent years and is considered as an alternative technology for conventional aquaculture. in this study, common carp (cyprinus carpio) and pakchoi (brassica chinensis) were cultured in lab-scale aquaponics, and attempts were conducted to enhance its nitrogen utilization efficiency (nue) through two optimization methods, i.e., nitrifies addition (na) and filler gradation (fg). results showed that na and fg could improve the nue of aquaponics by 8.8 ... | 2016 | 26645232 |
| the complete mitogenome of an australian carp gudgeon, hybridogenetic biotype hahb (hypseleotris: eleotridae). | the complete mitochondrial genome was determined for a member of the australian carp gudgeon species complex (hypseleotris: eleotridae). the 16 506 bp genome was recovered by direct shotgun sequencing of a wild-caught f1 hybrid male, and it contains the typical vertebrate arrangement of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 trna genes, 2 rrna genes, and a control region. this is the first published mitogenome for the genus hypseleotris and will be useful for evolutionary studies of the carp gudgeon comple ... | 2016 | 26643618 |
| the effects of ciprofloxacin on early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio). | the authors performed a toxicity test with ciprofloxacin in fertilized eggs of common carp according to guideline 210 of the organisation for economic co-operation and development. the tested concentrations were 1 μg l(-1) , 100 μg l(-1) , 500 μg l(-1) , 1000 μg l(-1) , and 3000 μg l(-1) . accelerated hatching was found in all groups exposed to ciprofloxacin, but significant growth reduction was found only in the group exposed to the highest concentration (3000 μg l(-1) ). increased numbers of m ... | 2016 | 26632160 |
| histopathological alterations in spleen of freshwater fish cyprinus carpio exposed to sublethal concentration of sodium cyanide. | aquatic ecosystems in areas with intense mining activity are often subject to cyanide contamination; the present study was aimed to evaluate the harmful effects of sodium cyanide on histoarchitechtural aspect of spleen of freshwater fish cyprinus carpio using an in vivo approach. the fishes were exposed to a sublethal concentration of 0.2 mg/l of sodium cyanide for duration of 10 and 20 days and were further allowed to undergo recovery for 14 days in a toxicant free medium. from the present inve ... | 2015 | 26623354 |
| the specificity of anti-carbamylated protein antibodies for rheumatoid arthritis in a setting of early arthritis. | anti-carbamylated protein (anti-carp) antibodies have been described in rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and arthralgia patients at risk of developing ra. to what extent these autoantibodies are specific for ra is unknown. therefore, we investigated the diagnostic performance of the presence of anti-carp antibodies for ra in a setting of early arthritis. | 2015 | 26601692 |
| comparison of species sensitivity distributions constructed with predicted acute toxicity data from interspecies correlation estimation models and measured acute data for benzo[a]pyrene. | benzo[a]pyrene (bap) is a priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah), which is toxic to aquatic organisms and has been widely detected in the environment. however, ecological risk assessment for bap is hard to perform because of the absence of water quality criteria (wqc) and lack of toxicity data for this chemical. to fill in the data gaps, a interspecies correlation estimation (ice) model was developed by usepa to predict toxicity values for multiple species from the toxicity estimate for ... | 2016 | 26595312 |
| a transcriptome resource for common carp after growth hormone stimulation. | growth is one of the most important phenotypes for aquaculture and is thus a subject of great interest for researchers. growth hormone (gh) is a key peptide controlling the growth of various fish species. to understand transcriptome changes induced by gh, common carp was injected with 2 μg/g gh and tissue isolated after 6h. rna-seq was performed to estimate the effects of gh on gene expression in hepatic tissues. the results revealed that gh regulated the expression of multiple genes, including ... | 2016 | 26590018 |
| cellular and molecular hypoxic response in common carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate at sublethal concentrations. | linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (las) is an anionic surfactant commonly used in cleaning agents such as laundry detergents. trace amounts of las are released into environmental waters after processing in wastewater treatment plants after the use of this chemical. acute toxicity of las has been well-studied using various organisms, and its effects are particularly well known in fish. las damages fish gill morphology and induces mucous excretion from these organs. las also causes hematological chang ... | 2017 | 26589110 |
| the activity of neutral α-glucosidase and selected biochemical parameters in the annual cycle of breeding carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the aim of the study was to demonstrate seasonal changes in the hydrolytic and transferase activity of neutral α-glucosidase, the level of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and total protein in the annual breeding cycle of the carp. the study was conducted on fish from a fish farm in lower silesia (poland). blood serum was collected from the heart in: june, september and december of two consecutive years. the results of the study show that the hydrolytic and transferase activity of neutral α-g ... | 2015 | 26559406 |
| new type of pathogenicity of thelohanellus kitauei egusa & nakajima, 1981 infecting the skin of common carp cyprinus carpio l. | thelohanellus kitauei egusa & nakajima, 1981 is a common parasite infecting the intestine of common carp cyprinus carpio l., resulting in mass mortality or loss of economic value of cultured carp. in the present study, t. kitauei infecting host skin was detected. the morphological, molecular and histological data of this parasite in the new organ record are presented. morphological analysis showed the current specimen morphologically similar to t. kitauei from the intestine. despite the spore le ... | 2016 | 26537837 |
| effects of biofloc on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and liver histology of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fingerlings in zero-water exchange system. | biofloc technology is considered as a method that degrades organic waste by microorganisms and produces microbial flocs. a 30-day experiment was performed to investigate the effects of partial replacement of daily feeding intake with biofloc on the growth performances, digestive enzymes activity and liver histology of the common carp cyprinus carpio l. fingerlings. two hundred and eight healthy fingerlings (58.6 ± 0.2 g) were randomly distributed in 12 tanks (30 l) at a density of 25.4 kg m(-3) ... | 2016 | 26530301 |
| fish synucleins: an update. | synucleins (syns) are a family of proteins involved in several human neurodegenerative diseases and tumors. since the first syn discovery in the brain of the electric ray torpedo californica, members of the same family have been identified in all vertebrates and comparative studies have indicated that syn proteins are evolutionary conserved. no counterparts of syns were found in invertebrates suggesting that they are vertebrate-specific proteins. molecular studies showed that the number of syn m ... | 2015 | 26528989 |
| jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) intestinal immune responses, antioxidant status and tight junction protein mrna expression are modulated via nrf2 and pkc in response to dietary arginine deficiency. | this study investigated the effect of dietary arginine on the immune response, antioxidant status and tight junction mrna expression in the intestine of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). a total of 1200 juvenile jian carp with an average initial weight of 6.33 ± 0.03 g were fed graded levels of arginine (9.8-24.5 g kg(-1) diet) for nine weeks. the study showed that arginine deficiency up-regulated interleukin 1, interleukin 8 and transforming growth factor-β and down-regulated tumo ... | 2016 | 26518504 |
| protective effect of ellagic acid on oxidative stress and antioxidant status in cyprinus carpio during malathion exposure. | this study aims to determine protective efficiency of ellagic acid (ea) on malathion toxicity in carp. the fish were exposed to two sublethal concentrations of malathion (0.5 and 1 mg/l), and ea (100 mg per kg of fish weight) was simultaneously administered for 14 days. malondialdehyde (mda) level and superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gsh—px), and glutathione—s—transferase (gst) activities were evaluated in liver, kidney and gills, which were c ... | 2015 | 26516111 |
| preliminary study on nematocyst types and venom isolation of cassiopea andromeda forskål, 1775 (scyphozoa, cnidaria) from turkey. | nematocyst types of cassiopea andromeda were investigated. medusae samples were taken from güllük bay, muğla, turkey. nematocyst samples from oral arms of c. andromeda were observed on light microscope and photographed. birhopaloid and a-isorhiza nematocyst types were found in c. andromeda. moreover, it was seen that nematocyst sizes increased with increasing the bell diameters of the individuals. also, the venom of the species was isolated and injected intramuscularly to cyprinus carpio juvenil ... | 2016 | 26511919 |
| a study of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induced liver injury in jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) using precision-cut liver slices. | the aim of this study was to establish a model for the study of liver injury induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) in jian carp using precision-cut liver slices (pcls). pcls were treated with tcdd at concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.6 μg/l for 6 h, followed by collection of the culture supernatant and pcls for analysis. several biochemical indices were analyzed, including glutamic pyruvic transaminase (gpt), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (got), lactate dehydrogenase ... | 2016 | 26508429 |
| sustainable farming practices of the chinese mitten crab (eriocheir sinensis) around hongze lake, lower yangtze river basin, china. | results of a survey of 156 chinese mitten crab (eriocheir sinensis) grow-out farms around hongze lake (118.48-118.72°e; 33.36-33.38°n) are reported. area farmed has remained relatively unchanged but production (59 932 t in 2012) increased steadily over the last 7 years, indicative of the viability and sustainability of the farming system that has gradually replaced intensive chinese major carp polyculture around hongze lake. results showed that production range was 135-2400 kg ha(-1) cycle(-1) ( ... | 2016 | 26508174 |
| single nucleotide polymorphisms of δ6-desaturase and elovl5 segments and their associations with common carp (cyprinus carpio) growth traits. | highly unsaturated fatty acids (hufas) are crucial for the nutritional health, physiology, and reproduction of vertebrates. the δ6-desaturase and elovl5 elongase genes produce essential enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of hufas. single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis of genes functionally related to the growth traits of the common carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) can provide useful information for common carp molecular breeding. in this study, we isolated two δ6 fad genes and two elovl ... | 2015 | 26505436 |
| stress-induced adaptation of neutrophilic granulocyte activity in k and r3 carp lines. | both in mammals and fish, stress induces remarkable changes in the immune response. we focused on stress-induced changes in the activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in the r3 and k lines of common carp, which showed differential stress responses. our study clearly demonstrates that a prolonged restraint stress differentially affects the activity of k and r3 carp neutrophils. in the k line, stress decreased the respiratory burst, while in the r3 line it reduced the release of extracellular dna. ... | 2015 | 26505123 |
| immunomodulation by zearalenone in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the mycotoxin zearalenone (zen) is a frequent contaminant of animal feeds, but its effects on fish have not yet been investigated extensively. in order to fill this gap a feeding trial with juvenile carp was conducted. three groups of fish were fed feeds contaminated with zen at three concentrations (low: 332 μg kg(-1), medium: 621 μg kg(-1), and high: 797 μg kg(-1) feed) for four weeks. possible reversible effects of zen were evaluated by feeding additional groups with the zen-contaminated feed ... | 2015 | 26491670 |
| identification and testing of novel carp-1 functional mimetic compounds as inhibitors of non-small cell lung and triple negative breast cancers. | the triple negative breast cancer (tnbcs) and non-small cell lung cancers (nsclcs) often acquire mutations that contribute to failure of drugs in clinic and poor prognosis, thus presenting an urgent need to develop new and improved therapeutic modalities. here we report that carp-1 functional mimetic (cfms) compounds 4 and 5, and 4.6, a structurally related analog of cfm-4, are potent inhibitors of tnbc and nsclc cells in vitro. cell growth suppression by cfm-4 and -4.6 involved interaction and ... | 2015 | 26485930 |
| protective action of the phyllanthin against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte damage in cyprinus carpio. | the present study was to investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of phyllanthin against carbon tetrachloride (ccl4)-induced hepatocyte damage in carp. phyllanthin (5, 10, and 15 μg/ml) was added to carp primary hepatocytes before (pre-treatment) and after (post-treatment) incubation of the hepatocytes in medium containing ccl4 at 8 mm; supernatant and cell were collected for the analyses of cell viability, biochemical parameters, and gene expression. the results showed that phyl ... | 2016 | 26481798 |
| gymnocypris przewalskii decreases cytosolic carbonic anhydrase expression to compensate for respiratory alkalosis and osmoregulation in the saline-alkaline lake qinghai. | naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii), endemic to the saline-alkaline lake qinghai, have the capacity to tolerate combined high salinity and alkalinity, but migrate to spawn in freshwater rivers each year. in this study, the full-length cdna of the cytosolic carbonic anhydrase c isoform of g. przewalskii (gpcac) was amplified and sequenced; mrna levels and enzyme activity of gpcac and blood chemistry were evaluated to understand the compensatory responses as the naked carp returned to the saline- ... | 2016 | 26475604 |
| antioxidant properties of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) protein ex vivo and in vitro hydrolysates. | the presence of specific peptides with antioxidant properties released during carp protein ex vivo and in vitro hydrolysis by human/porcine digestive enzymes, respectively, was examined. based on the results of the in silico data analysis, antioxidant peptides were selected for subsequent identification in the digests/hydrolysates. carp proteins were more resistant to hydrolysis by porcine enzymes than by human digestive juices. the sarcoplasmic proteins were hydrolyzed faster than the myofibril ... | 2016 | 26471617 |
| an estimation of the biological properties of fish collagen in an experimental in vitro study. | the principal sources of medical collagen are pork, calf skin and bone. there are now more studies on a much safer, alternative source of active collagen, mainly from aquatic life. active collagen and its peptides fcp (fish collagen peptides) have already been extracted from the skin of salmon, cobia, hoki, tilapia, zebrafish, ling, shark, silver carp and also jellyfish. | 2015 | 26467125 |
| microrna profiles reveal female allotetraploid hybrid fertility. | the bisexual fertile tetraploid fish is important in biological evolution. tetraploid fish fertility is the key factor for stable inheritance. therefore, elucidating tetraploid fish fertility at the molecular level is essential. micrornas regulate gene expression and are involved in many aspects of gonad development. | 2015 | 26466572 |
| hematological alterations in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) exposed to herbicides: pendimethalin and ethofumesate tested separately and in mixture. | herbicides are used in large amounts in agriculture and the evaluation of their toxic effects is of major concern to environmental safety. the aim of the present study was to investigate common carp hematological alterations caused by herbicide exposure. fish were treated with pendimethalin and ethofumesate tested separately and in mixture administered to aquarium water. peripheral blood of treated fish was collected after 1, 3 and 7 days of exposure and compared to control. the total number of ... | 2015 | 26462329 |
| effects of chronic exposure to tributyltin on tissue-specific cytochrome p450 1 regulation in juvenile common carp. | 1. the purpose of this study was to compare tributyltin (tbt)-induced cytochrome p450 1 (cyp450 1) regulation in liver, gills and muscle of juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio). 2. fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of tbt (75, 0.75 and 7.5 μg/l) for 60 days. cyp450 1a was measured at the enzyme activity level as 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity, as well as the mrna expression of cyp450 1 family genes (cyp1a, cyp1b, cyp1c1 and cyp1c2) in fish tissues. 3. based on the r ... | 2016 | 26446983 |
| male gender is associated with a high risk for chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis and ileal pouch anastomotic sinus. | the impact of gender on the development of chronic ileal pouch disorders following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (ipaa) has not been evaluated. this study was aimed to assess the association between gender and pouch outcomes. | 2016 | 26446071 |
| anticarbamylated protein antibodies are associated with long-term disability and increased disease activity in patients with early inflammatory arthritis: results from the norfolk arthritis register. | anticarbamylated protein (anti-carp) antibodies are a novel family of autoantibodies recently identified in patients with inflammatory arthritis. the aim of this study was to investigate their association with long-term outcomes of disability and disease activity over 20 years' follow-up in a cohort of patients with inflammatory polyarthritis (ip). | 2016 | 26443608 |
| effects of date palm fruit extracts on skin mucosal immunity, immune related genes expression and growth performance of common carp (cyprinus carpio) fry. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of date palm fruit extracts (dpfe) on skin mucosal immunity, immune related genes expression and growth performance of fry common carp (cyprinus carpio). one hundred and twenty specimens (4.06 ± 0.13 g) were supplied and allocated into six aquaria; specimens in three aquaria were fed non-supplemented diet (control) while the fish in the other 3 aquaria were fed with dpfe at 200 ml kg(-1). at the end of feeding trial (8 weeks) skin mucus immune ... | 2015 | 26439417 |
| tc1-like transposase thm3 of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) can mediate gene transposition in the genome of blunt snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala). | tc1-like transposons consist of an inverted repeat sequence flanking a transposase gene that exhibits similarity to the mobile dna element, tc1, of the nematode, caenorhabditis elegans. they are widely distributed within vertebrate genomes including teleost fish; however, few active tc1-like transposases have been discovered. in this study, 17 tc1-like transposon sequences were isolated from 10 freshwater fish species belonging to the families cyprinidae, adrianichthyidae, cichlidae, and salmoni ... | 2015 | 26438298 |
| the effect of gamma radiation on the common carp (cyprinus carpio): in vivo genotoxicity assessment with the micronucleus and comet assays. | radioactive wastes may be leached into freshwater, either accidentally or in industrial effluents. we have studied gamma radiation-induced dna damage in the freshwater fish cyprinus carpio. fish were irradiated with 2-10gy gamma radiation and genotoxic effects in blood cells were studied with the micronucleus (mn) and comet assays. micronuclei and a dose-dependent increase in comet-tail dna were seen in dose- and time-dependent studies. the highest % tail dna was observed at 24h, declining until ... | 2015 | 26433258 |
| the primary culture of carp (cyprinus carpio) macrophages and the verification of its phagocytosis activity. | this study establishes the primary culture method for red carp (cyprinus carpio) macrophages in vitro and lays the foundation for further research in the fish immune system. the healthy adult red carp was chosen, and mechanical separation and cell adherent culture methods were used to isolate the primary macrophages. compared to the traditional method of percoll discontinuous density gradient isolation, the protocol we reported here makes cell isolation steps more concise and obtains more health ... | 2016 | 26427708 |
| toxicity of tributyltin in juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio): physiological responses, hepatic gene expression, and stress protein profiling. | in this study, the effects of tributyltin (tbt) on biochemical parameters (antioxidant responses and na(+) -k(+) -atpase) in different tissues were investigated by using juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio) as well as growth and ion regulation-related genes expression and stress-related proteins profiling in fish liver. oxidative stress indices and na(+) -k(+) -atpase showed tissues-specific responses in fish exposed to different tbt concentrations. all tested genes related to gh/igf-i axis an ... | 2016 | 26418422 |
| mechanism of polyphosphates hydrolysis by purified polyphosphatases from the dorsal muscle of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) as detected by ³¹p nmr. | the dynamic hydrolysis of tetrasodium pyrophosphate (tspp), sodium tripolyphosphate (stpp) and polyphosphate compound, which was catalyzed by purified pyrophosphatase (ppase) and myosin- tripolyphosphatase (tppase) from the silver carp dorsal muscle, was studied using (31) p nmr spectroscopy. in the ppase + tspp system, the pyrophosphate (pp) was hydrolyzed quickly and completely within 8 h and the hydrolysis rate of pp was 12.51%/h. in the tppase + stpp system, the first-order hydrolysis of tri ... | 2015 | 26417665 |
| anti-carbamylated protein antibodies in unaffected first-degree relatives of rheumatoid arthritis patients: lack of correlation with anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor. | to investigate the prevalence of anti-carbamylated protein antibodies (anti-carp) in the healthy first-degree relatives (hfdrs) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra). | 2017 | 26411477 |
| response of plasma copper, ceruloplasmin, iron and ions in carp, cyprinus carpio to waterborne copper ion and nanoparticle exposure. | in this study, cyprinus carpio was exposed to 0.25mgl(-1) copper as either copper sulfate (cuso4) or copper oxide nanoparticles (nano-cu), and 25mgl(-1) copper as nano-cu for 14days. cuso4 and high concentration of nano-cu led to a significant increase in plasma total copper levels. plasma free copper levels increased significantly in all copper-exposed treatments. except for low concentration of nano-cu after 7 and 14days, copper exposure generally led to a significant decrease in plasma cerulo ... | 2016 | 26408942 |
| effects of phenol on ovarian p450arom gene expression and aromatase activity in vivo and antioxidant metabolism in common carp cyprinus carpio. | ovarian cyp19a mrna expression and p450 aromatase activity were measured in vivo in common carp cyprinus carpio exposed to phenol for 96 h. production of reactive oxygen species (ros) and parameters of antioxidant defense system in serum ovary and liver of this fish after long-term phenol exposure were also studied. in vivo exposure of fish to sublethal dose of phenol for 96 h caused marked attenuation of ovarian cyp19a1a gene expression and p450 aromatase activity. production of ros like hydrog ... | 2016 | 26403910 |
| alteration of cytochrome p450 1 regulation and hsp 70 level in brain of juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio) after chronic exposure to tributyltin. | tributyltin (tbt), a toxic contaminant in aquatic environments, has bio-accumulated in aquatic food webs throughout the world and can be found at toxic levels in some biota. however, the molecular mechanisms and effects of tbt are not fully understood. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of long-term exposure of tbt on cytochrome p450 (cyp450) 1 regulation and heat-shock proteins (hsps) profiling in brain of freshwater teleost. the effects of long-term exposure to tbt on m ... | 2016 | 26400268 |
| perturbation of xenobiotic metabolism in dreissena polymorpha model exposed in situ to surface water (lake trasimene) purified with various disinfectants. | sanitation is of crucial importance for the microbiological safety of drinking water. however, chlorination of water rich in organic material produces disinfection by-products (dbps), many of which have been reported to be mutagenic and/or carcinogenic compounds such as haloacetic acids and trihalomethanes. epidemiological studies have suggested a link between drinking water consumption and cancer. we previously observed that cyprinus carpio fish exposed to dbps, may be subject to epigenetic eff ... | 2016 | 26397472 |
| quantification of histamine in various fish samples using square wave stripping voltammetric method. | the objective of this study was to describe a new and simple method for the determination of histamine so that it can be used in routine food analysis. a square wave stripping voltammetric (swsv) method has been used for the indirect determination of histamine. the method is based on accumulation copper (ii) - histamine complex onto a hanging mercury drop electrode and reduction of complex. the optimum conditions include an accumulation potential of -420 mv (versus ag/agcl), an accumulation time ... | 2015 | 26396415 |
| effects of antimicrobial peptides (amps) on blood biochemical parameters, antioxidase activity, and immune function in the common carp (cyprinus carpio). | antibiotic use in livestock feed additives has resulted in harmful residue accumulation and spread of drug-resistance. we examined the use of antimicrobial peptides (amps) as a safer alternative to antibiotics in feeding the common carp. amps were added to common carp basal diets (control) as additives at four concentrations: 100 mg kg(-1) (b1), 200 mg kg(-1) (b2), 400 mg kg(-1) (b3), 600 mg kg(-1) (b4) by dry weight of basal diet. after a 60-day feeding experiment, the final weight, dg and sgr ... | 2015 | 26386195 |
| 'medusa-head ataxia': the expanding spectrum of purkinje cell antibodies in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. part 1: anti-mglur1, anti-homer-3, anti-sj/itpr1 and anti-carp viii. | serological testing for anti-neural autoantibodies is important in patients presenting with idiopathic cerebellar ataxia, since these autoantibodies may indicate cancer, determine treatment and predict prognosis. while some of them target nuclear antigens present in all or most cns neurons (e.g. anti-hu, anti-ri), others more specifically target antigens present in the cytoplasm or plasma membrane of purkinje cells (pc). in this series of articles, we provide a detailed review of the clinical an ... | 2015 | 26377085 |
| gene expression variations of red-white skin coloration in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | teleosts have more types of chromatophores than other vertebrates and the genetic basis for pigmentation is highly conserved among vertebrates. therefore, teleosts are important models to study the mechanism of pigmentation. although functional genes and genetic variations of pigmentation have been studied, the mechanisms of different skin coloration remains poorly understood. the koi strain of common carp has various colors and patterns, making it a good model for studying the genetic basis of ... | 2015 | 26370964 |
| effects of the terbuthylazine metabolite terbuthylazine-desethyl on common carp embryos and larvae. | toxicity of terbuthylazine-desethyl to embryos and larvae of common carp (cyprinus carpio) was assessed. based on mortality, the lethal concentration of terbuthylazine-desethyl was estimated to be 31days lc50=441.6μg/l. carp exposed to terbuthylazine-desethyl at 1800μg/l exhibited lower weight and length at 7days of exposure compared to the control group. by day 20, carp exposed to 900μg/l terbuthylazine-desethyl showed lower weight and length compared to control group. terbuthylazine-desethyl i ... | 2016 | 26363394 |
| interspecific and spatial comparisons of perfluorinated compounds in bighead and silver carp in the illinois river, illinois, usa. | we examined perfluoroalkyl compounds (pfc) in bighead (bhcp; hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver (svcp; h. molitrix) carp from the illinois river, illinois, usa. summed pfc concentrations in whole fish did not differ by species or river reach. perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) concentrations were much greater in whole fish (16.4 ng/g) than in fillets (3.4 ng/g). pfos concentrations represented 35%-51% of total measured pfc concentrations in whole fish, and in fillets were weakly associated with ... | 2015 | 26358646 |
| antibodies against carbamylated proteins are present in primary sjögren's syndrome and are associated with disease severity. | herein, we investigate the presence and prognostic value of autoantibodies against carbamylated proteins (anti-carp) in the serum of patients with primary sjögren's syndrome (pss). | 2016 | 26350884 |
| soyabean glycinin depresses intestinal growth and function in juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var jian): protective effects of glutamine. | this study investigated the effects of glycinin on the growth, intestinal oxidative status, tight junction components, cytokines and apoptosis signalling factors of fish. the results showed that an 80 g/kg diet of glycinin exposure for 42 d caused poor growth performance and depressed intestinal growth and function of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). meanwhile, dietary glycinin exposure induced increases in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation; it caused reductions in superoxi ... | 2015 | 26349522 |
| molecular characterization of beclin 1 in rare minnow (gobiocypris rarus) and its expression after waterborne cadmium exposure. | beclin 1 plays an important role in autophagy and apoptosis which are well documented in mammals. however, relevant reports are rare in fish. this study characterized beclin 1 of the rare minnow gobiocypris rarus (rmbeclin 1), which encodes a peptide of 447 amino acids using rt-pcr and race. the deduced peptide showed 96.4 and 80.8% similarity to beclin 1 of common carp and human, respectively. semiquantitative rt-pcr revealed that rmbeclin 1 was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues of m ... | 2016 | 26347097 |
| vitamin d inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response potentially through the toll-like receptor 4 signalling pathway in the intestine and enterocytes of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). | the present study was conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin d both in juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) in vivo and in enterocytes in vitro. in primary enterocytes, exposure to 10 mg lipopolysaccharide (lps)/l increased lactate dehydrogenase activity in the culture medium (p<0·05) and resulted in a significant loss of cell viability (p<0·05). lps exposure increased (p<0·05) the mrna expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tnf-α, il-1β, il-6 and il-8), wh ... | 2015 | 26346737 |
| myxobolus nanokiensis sp. nov. (myxozoa: bivalvulidae), a new pathogenic myxosporean parasite causing haemorrhagic gill disease in cultured indian major carp fish, labeo rohita (hamilton 1822) in punjab, india. | the plasmodia of myxobolus nanokiensis sp. nov. were found infecting gills of labeo rohita (hamilton 1822) the infection rate was found to be 36.67 % (30 fishes were examined and 11 fishes were infected) in the nanoki pond in patiala district punjab. numerous minute plasmodia each filled with 150-200 spores were detected. smear of scrapped blood-tinged mucous from gills exhibited millions of spores. histological sections also indicated numerous plasmodia measuring 38.33-40.33 μm in diameter in t ... | 2015 | 26345042 |
| antioxidant activity and functional properties of enzymatic protein hydrolysates from common carp (cyprinus carpio) roe (egg). | previously, we have reported the composition, molecular mass distribution and in vivo immunomodulatory effects of common carp roe protein hydrolysates. in the current study, antioxidative activity and functional properties of common carp (cyprinus carpio) roe (egg) protein hydrolysates, prepared by pepsin, trypsin and alcalase, were evaluated. the three hydrolysates showed excellent antioxidant activities in a dose dependent manner in various in vitro models such as 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ... | 2015 | 26344996 |
| effects of dietary exposure to zearalenone (zen) on carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the mycotoxin zearalenone (zen) is frequently contaminating animal feeds including feed used in aquaculture. in the present study, the effects of dietary exposure to zen on carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were investigated. zen at three different concentrations (low dose: 332 µg kg(-1), medium dose: 621 µg kg(-1) and high dose: 797 µg kg(-1) final feed, respectively) was administered to juvenile carp for four weeks. additional groups received the mycotoxin for the same time period but were fed with th ... | 2015 | 26343724 |
| protective properties of sesamin against fluoride-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in kidney of carp (cyprinus carpio) via jnk signaling pathway. | sesamin, a major lignan derived from sesame seeds, has been reported to have many benefits and medicinal properties. however, its protective effects against fluoride-induced injury in kidney of fish have not been clarified. previously we found that fluoride exposure caused damage and apoptosis in the kidneys of the common carp, cyprinus carpio. in this study, the effects of sesamin on renal oxidative stress and apoptosis in fluoride-exposed fish were determined. the results showed that sesamin a ... | 2015 | 26340122 |
| pollution problem in river kabul: accumulation estimates of heavy metals in native fish species. | the contamination of aquatic systems with heavy metals is affecting the fish population and hence results in a decline of productivity rate. river kabul is a transcountry river originating at paghman province in afghanistan and inters in khyber pakhtunkhwa province of pakistan and it is the major source of irrigation and more than 54 fish species have been reported in the river. present study aimed at the estimation of heavy metals load in the fish living in river kabul. heavy metals including c ... | 2015 | 26339622 |
| changes in the microbial communities of air-packaged and vacuum-packaged common carp (cyprinus carpio) stored at 4 °c. | the dominant microbiota of air-packaged (ap) and vacuum-packaged (vp) common carp fillets during storage were systematically identified. culture-dependent methods were used for microbial enumeration and 16s rrna genes of the isolated pure strains were sequenced and analyzed. different packaging conditions affected the growth of microbiota and the shelf life of carp. shelf-life of ap and vp fillets was 8 and 12 days, respectively. vacuum packaging delayed the increase of biogenic amines levels co ... | 2015 | 26338135 |
| in vivo studies on hepato-renal impairments in freshwater fish cyprinus carpio following exposure to sublethal concentrations of sodium cyanide. | reactive oxygen species is an inevitable composite of aerobic systems that could channelize their lethality by imparting oxidative stress under a stressful environment. cyanide is an important environmental toxicant that could be responsible in the resulting detrimental health issues of aquatic fauna. the present effort investigates the possibilities of hepato-renal damage in freshwater fish cyprinus carpio following exposure to sublethal concentrations of sodium cyanide (nacn). fish were expose ... | 2016 | 26335525 |