| characterization and oral delivery of proinsulin-transferrin fusion protein expressed using expresstec. | proinsulin-transferrin fusion protein (proins-tf) has been designed and successfully expressed from the mammalian hek293 cells (hek-proins-tf). it was found that hek-proins-tf could be converted into an activated form in the liver. furthermore, hek-proins-tf was demonstrated as an extra-long acting insulin analogue with liver-specific insulin action in streptozotocin (stz)-induced type 1 diabetic mice. however, due to the low production yield from transfected hek293 cells, there are other intere ... | 2018 | 29373562 |
| exploring traditional aus-type rice for metabolites conferring drought tolerance. | traditional varieties and landraces belonging to the aus-type group of rice (oryza sativa l.) are known to be highly tolerant to environmental stresses, such as drought and heat, and are therefore recognized as a valuable genetic resource for crop improvement. using two aus-type (dular, n22) and two drought intolerant irrigated varieties (ir64, ir74) an untargeted metabolomics analysis was conducted to identify drought-responsive metabolites associated with tolerance. | 2018 | 29372429 |
| draft genome sequence of pantoea ananatis strain 1.38, a bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of oryza sativa var. puntal that shows biotechnological potential as an inoculant. | pantoea ananatis 1.38 is a strain isolated from the rhizosphere of irrigated rice in southern spain. its genome was estimated at 4,869,281 bp, with 4,644 coding sequences (cdss). the genome encompasses several cdss related to plant growth promotion, such as that for siderophore metabolism, and virulence genes characteristic of pathogenic pantoea spp. are absent. | 2018 | 29371365 |
| chlorophyll fluorescence and reflectance-based non-invasive quantification of blast, bacterial blight and drought stresses in rice. | response of rice (oryza sativa) exposed to both biotic and abiotic stresses can be quantified by employing fast and accurate optical methods. in this study, the overall stress responses of (i) 12 near-isogenic lines (nils) in the genetic background of the rice blast-susceptible cultivar lijiangxintuanheigu (lth) and (ii) four nils in the genetic background of the bacterial blight-susceptible cultivar ir24, were inspected by means of chl fluorescence (chl-f) imaging. the distribution of the maxim ... | 2018 | 29370434 |
| progress in zip transporter gene family in rice. | zinc and iron are essential mineral elements for the growth of oryza sativa l. and also micronutrients for human health. therefore, it is vital to study biofortification of rice with zn and fe in order to improve the yield and quality of rice, as well as to enhance nutritional states of humans. the zinc-regulated transporters and iron-regulated transporter-like proteins (the zip family) control the absorption and translocation of zn and fe and maintain their homeostasis in rice. reciprocally, th ... | 2018 | 29367191 |
| overexpression of osmir164b-resistant osnac2 improves plant architecture and grain yield in rice. | plant architecture is a major target of rice (oryza sativa) breeding and selection, but the underlying regulatory networks remain unclear. here, we overexpressed a osnac2 mutant (oern) that cannot be cleaved by the microrna mir164b. oern plants had better plant architecture, longer panicles, and produced more grains. the parental line averaged 12.2 primary and 31.5 secondary branches in the main panicles; two oern lines averaged 15.0 and 15.2 primary, and 41.5 and 44.3 secondary branches. in lar ... | 2018 | 29365136 |
| osmads57 together with ostb1 coordinates transcription of its target oswrky94 and d14 to switch its organogenesis to defense for cold adaptation in rice. | plants modify their development to adapt to their environment, protecting themselves from detrimental conditions such as chilling stress by triggering a variety of signaling pathways; however, little is known about how plants coordinate developmental patterns and stress responses at the molecular level. here, we demonstrate that interacting transcription factors osmads57 and ostb1 directly target the defense gene oswrky94 and the organogenesis gene d14 to trade off the functions controlling/mode ... | 2018 | 29364524 |
| the newly identified heat-stress sensitive albino 1 gene affects chloroplast development in rice. | high temperature, a major abiotic stress, significantly affects the yield and quality of crops in many parts of the world. components of the photosynthetic apparatus are highly susceptible to thermal damage. although the responses to acute heat stress have been studied intensively, the mechanisms that regulate chloroplast development under heat stress remain obscure, especially in crop plants. here, we cloned and characterized the gene responsible for the heat-sensitive albino1 (hsa1) mutation i ... | 2018 | 29362095 |
| the c-s-a gene system regulates hull pigmentation and reveals evolution of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in rice. | floral organs in rice (oryza sativa) can be purple, brown or red in color due to the accumulation of flavonoids. but the molecular mechanism underlying specific organ pigmentation is not clear. here, we propose a c-s-a gene model for rice hull pigmentation and characterize through genetic, molecular and metabolomic approaches. further we conduct phylogenetic studies to reveal the evolution of rice color. in this gene system, c1 encodes a r2r3-myb transcription factor and acts as a color-producin ... | 2018 | 29361187 |
| a negative regulator in response to salinity in rice: oryza sativa salt-, aba- and drought-induced ring finger protein 1 (ossadr1). | ring (really interesting new gene) finger proteins play crucial roles in abiotic stress responses in plants. we report the ring finger e3 ligase, an oryza sativa salt, abscisic acid (aba), and drought stress-induced ring finger protein 1 gene (ossadr1). we demonstrated that although ossar1 possesses e3 ligase activity, a single amino acid substitution (ossadr1c168a) in the ring domain exhibited no e3 ligase activity, suggesting that the activity of most e3s is specified by the ring domain. addit ... | 2018 | 29361060 |
| lack of actpk1, an sty kinase, enhances ammonium uptake and use and promotes growth of rice seedlings under sufficient external ammonium. | ammonium influx into plant roots via the high-affinity transport system (hats) is down-modulated under elevated external ammonium, preventing ammonium toxicity. in ammonium-fed arabidopsis, ammonium transporter 1 (amt1) trimers responsible for hats activity are allosterically inactivated in a dose-dependent manner via phosphorylation of the conserved threonine at the carboxyl-tail by the calcineurin b-like protein 1-calcineurin b-like protein-interacting protein kinase 23 complex and other yet u ... | 2018 | 29356222 |
| plant s6 kinases do not require hydrophobic motif phosphorylation for activity in yeast lacking ypk3. | the ribosomal protein s6 kinases (s6k) are among the major substrates and crucial effectors of the target of rapamycin (tor) kinase, which is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cell growth and proliferation. recent research indicates that yeast ypk3 is an ortholog of mammalian s6ks. here, we find that plant s6ks restore ribosomal protein s6 phosphorylation in a rapamycin-sensitive manner in yeast cells lacking ypk3. however, phosphorylation of a hydrophobic motif, which is mediated through ... | 2018 | 29355926 |
| identification of cyp703a3-3 and analysis of regulatory role of cyp703a3 in rice anther cuticle and pollen exine development. | anther cuticle and pollen exine are two elaborated lipid-soluble barriers protecting pollen grains from environmental and biological stresses. however, less is known about the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these lipidic polymers. here, we identified a no-pollen male-sterility mutant cyp703a3-3 from indica restorer line zhonghui 8015 (zh8015) mutant library treated with 60coγ-ray radiation. histological analysis indicated that cyp703a3-3 underwent abnormal tapetal cells development, prod ... | 2018 | 29355682 |
| isovitexin (iv) induces apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress. | liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and novel chemotherapeutic drugs to suppress liver cancer are urgently required. isovitexin (iv), a glycosylflavonoid, is extracted from rice hulls of oryza sativa, and has various biological activities. however, the anti-tumor effect of iv against liver cancer has not yet been demonstrated in vitro or in vivo. in the present study, we showed that iv significantly suppressed the growth of liver cancer cells. mechanistic studies indicated ... | 2018 | 29355527 |
| expression analysis of proteinase inhibitor-ii under osrglp2 promoter in response to wounding and signaling molecules in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana. | proteinase inhibitor-ii (pi-ii) genes are important defense related genes that play critical regulatory roles in plant growth and development. in the present study, the expression of tomato pi-ii gene was investigated under the control of a wound-inducible osrglp2 (oryza sativa root germin like protein 2) promoter in transgenic tobacco plants after wounding, aba and meja applications. transcript level of target gene in transgenic plants was confirmed by quantitative real time pcr (qpcr). in resp ... | 2018 | 29354362 |
| variation in the abundance of oshak1 transcript underlies the differential salinity tolerance of an indica and a japonica rice cultivar. | salinity imposes a major constraint over the productivity of rice. a set of chromosome segment substitution lines (cssls), derived from a cross between the japonica type cultivar (cv.) nipponbare (salinity sensitive) and the indica type cv. 9311 (moderately tolerant), was scored using a hydroponics system for their salinity tolerance at the seedling stage. two of the cssls, which share a ∼1.2 mbp stretch of chromosome 4 derived from cv. nipponbare, were as sensitive to the stress as cv. nipponba ... | 2017 | 29354152 |
| genome-wide association study of seed dormancy and the genomic consequences of improvement footprints in rice (oryza sativa l.). | seed dormancy is an important agronomic trait affecting grain yield and quality because of pre-harvest germination and is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. however, our knowledge of the factors controlling seed dormancy remains limited. to better reveal the molecular mechanism underlying this trait, a genome-wide association study was conducted in an indica-only population consisting of 453 accessions genotyped using 5,291 snps. nine known and new significant snps were identi ... | 2017 | 29354150 |
| 1h, 13c and 15n nmr assignments of cyclophilin lrt2 (oscyp2) from rice. | cyclophilins are enzymes that catalyze the isomerization of a prolyl-peptide bond and are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. lrt2 (also known as oscyp2) is a cyclophilin in rice (oryza sativa), that has importance in lateral root development and stress tolerance. lrt2 is 172 amino acids long and has a molecular weight of 18.3 kda. here, we report the backbone and sidechain resonance assignments of 1h, 13c, 15n in the lrt2 protein using several 2d and 3d heteronuclear nmr experiments at ph ... | 2018 | 29353448 |
| deciphering the environmental impacts on rice quality for different rice cultivated areas. | rice (oryza sativa l.) is cultivated in a wide range of climatic conditions, and is one of mankind's major staple foods. the interaction of environmental factors with genotype effects major agronomic traits such as yield, quality, and resistance in rice. however, studies on the environmental factors affecting agronomic traits are often difficult to conduct because most environmental factors are dynamic and constantly changing. | 2018 | 29352429 |
| can cd translocation in oryza sativa l. be attenuated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the presence of edta? | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi play an important role in plant tolerance of heavy metal contamination. in this study, a pot experiment was conducted to illustrate the effects of the two am fungi species funneliformis mosseae (fm) and rhizophagus irregularis (ri) on plant growth of oryza sativa l. either with or without ethylenediamine tetraacetate (edta) addition and during exposure to five cd concentrations (in the range of 0-5 mg kg-1). the results showed that fm inoculation achieved greate ... | 2018 | 29349740 |
| modulates brassinosteroids-mediated growth regulation and influences architecture and grain shape. | rice (oryza sativa) is the most important crop and feeds more than half of the world population. the architecture of rice, including height, leaf inclination, and tiller number, is important for rice planting and yield. plant hormone, brassinosteroids (br), plays crucial roles in modulating plant architecture and seed yield. but br cannot be applied in agriculture production directly because br regulated multiple processes and could not be transcriptional regulated in different tissues. this art ... | 2018 | 29345105 |
| effects of silver nanocolloids on plant complex type n-glycans in oryza sativa roots. | silver nanomaterials have been mainly developed as antibacterial healthcare products worldwide, because of their antibacterial activity. however, there is little data regarding the potential risks and effects of large amounts of silver nanomaterials on plants. in contrast, n-glycans play important roles in various biological phenomena, and their structures and expressions are sensitive to ambient environmental changes. therefore, to assesse the effects of silver nanomaterials, we focused on the ... | 2018 | 29343819 |
| membrane fluxes, bypass flows, and sodium stress in rice: the influence of silicon. | provision of silicon (si) to roots of rice (oryza sativa l.) can alleviate salt stress by blocking apoplastic, transpirational bypass flow of na+ from root to shoot. however, little is known about how si affects na+ fluxes across cell membranes. here, we measured radiotracer fluxes of 24na+, plasma membrane depolarization, tissue ion accumulation, and transpirational bypass flow, to examine the influence of si on na+ transport patterns in hydroponically grown, salt-sensitive (cv. ir29) and salt- ... | 2018 | 29342282 |
| concentrations of arsenic and lead in rice (oryza sativa l.) in iran: a systematic review and carcinogenic risk assessment. | exposure to heavy metals such as arsenic (as), lead (pb), and cadmium (cd) in either the short or the long term can cause cancers in humans. dietary intake and consumption of rice (oryza sativa l.) is increasing in iran, and several studies on the concentration of heavy metals in rice have been carried out in this country in recent years. in this perspective, the main objective of the present study was to investigate, even via a meta-analysis of the existing literature, the presence of as and pb ... | 2018 | 29341878 |
| a profilin gene promoter from switchgrass (panicum virgatum l.) directs strong and specific transgene expression to vascular bundles in rice. | a switchgrass vascular tissue-specific promoter (pvpfn2) and its 5'-end serial deletions drive high levels of vascular bundle transgene expression in transgenic rice. constitutive promoters are widely used for crop genetic engineering, which can result in multiple off-target effects, including suboptimal growth and epigenetic gene silencing. these problems can be potentially avoided using tissue-specific promoters for targeted transgene expression. one particularly urgent need for targeted cell ... | 2018 | 29340787 |
| the phytotoxicities of decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209) to different rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.). | decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209), as a major component of brominated flame retardants, has been detected in the agricultural soil in considerable amount. given that bde-209 is toxic, ubiquitous and persistent, bde-209 might induce toxic effects on rice cultivars planted in contaminated soil. a comparative study was conducted on phytotoxicities and gc-ms based antioxidant-related metabolite levels to investigate the differences of phytotoxicities of bde-209 to rice cultivars in yangtze river del ... | 2018 | 29339338 |
| diminution of arsenic accumulation in rice seedlings co-cultured with anabaena sp.: modulation in the expression of lower silicon transporters, two nitrogen dependent genes and lowering of antioxidants activity. | the present study was intended to investigate the role of algae, anabaena sp. in the amelioration of as toxicity, when co-cultured with rice seedlings. the reduction of growth in rice seedlings against as(iii) and as(v) was recovered with anabaena sp. the anabaena sp. also reduced the accumulation of as, where it was more efficient against 60µm as(iii) (49%) than as(v) (23%) in rice shoot. similarly, with reduction of as accumulation, lower silicon transporters (lsi-1 and lsi-2) was found to be ... | 2018 | 29331724 |
| contrasting effects of alkaline amendments on the bioavailability and uptake of cd in rice plants in a cd-contaminated acid paddy soil. | reducing cadmium (cd) concentrations in rice grains is important for food safety, particularly in acid paddy fields in south china where the soils have been previously contaminated with cd. a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of four alkaline amendments, i.e., lime, compost, biochar, and carbide slag on soil bioavailability and uptake of cd in plants of two rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.) in a cd-contaminated acid paddy soil. the addition of these amendments significantly d ... | 2018 | 29330814 |
| genome-wide analyses of direct target genes of four rice nac-domain transcription factors involved in drought tolerance. | plant stress responses and mechanisms determining tolerance are controlled by diverse sets of genes. transcription factors (tfs) have been implicated in conferring drought tolerance under drought stress conditions, and the identification of their target genes can elucidate molecular regulatory networks that orchestrate tolerance mechanisms. | 2018 | 29329517 |
| t-dna tagging-based gain-of-function of oshkt1;4 reinforces na exclusion from leaves and stems but triggers na toxicity in roots of rice under salt stress. | the high affinity k⁺ transporter 1;4 (hkt1;4) in rice (oryza sativa), which shows na⁺ selective transport with little k⁺ transport activity, has been suggested to be involved in reducing na in leaves and stems under salt stress. however, detailed physiological roles of oshkt1;4 remain unknown. here, we have characterized a transfer dna (t-dna) insertion mutant line of rice, which overexpresses oshkt1;4, owing to enhancer elements in the t-dna, to gain an insight into the impact of oshkt1;4 on sa ... | 2018 | 29329278 |
| a maize phytochrome-interacting factors protein zmpif1 enhances drought tolerance by inducing stomatal closure and improves grain yield in oryza sativa. | phytochrome-interacting factors (pifs) play major roles in regulating plant growth and development, but their roles in drought stress remain elusive. here, we cloned and characterized a maize (zea mays) pif transcription factor, zmpif1. the expression level of zmpif1 was significantly induced by independent drought and abscisic acid (aba) treatments. the zmpif1 transgenic rice and arabidopsis displayed water-saving and drought-resistance, which were associated with reduced a stomatal aperture an ... | 2018 | 29327440 |
| a novel rice xylosyltransferase catalyzes the addition of 2-o-xylosyl side chains onto the xylan backbone. | xylan is a major hemicellulose in both primary walls and secondary walls of grass species. it consists of a linear backbone of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues that are often substituted with monosaccharides and disaccharides. xylosyl substitutions directly on the xylan backbone have not been reported in grass species and genes responsible for xylan substitutions in grass species have not been well elucidated. here, we report functional characterization of a rice (oryza sativa) gt61 glycosyltransfe ... | 2018 | 29325159 |
| strigolactone biosynthesis genes of rice is required for the punctual entry of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi into the roots. | arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) is a mutualistic association between most plant species and the ancient fungal phylum glomeromycota in roots, and it plays a key role in a plant's nutrient uptake from the soil. roots synthesize strigolactones (sls), derivatives of carotenoids, and exude them to induce energy metabolism and hyphal branching of am fungi. despite the well-documented roles of sls in the presymbiotic phase, little is known about the role of sls in the process of root colonization. here we ... | 2018 | 29325120 |
| protein activity of the fusarium fujikuroi rhodopsins caro and opsa and their relation to fungus-plant interaction. | fungi possess diverse photosensory proteins that allow them to perceive different light wavelengths and to adapt to changing light conditions in their environment. the biological and physiological roles of the green light-sensing rhodopsins in fungi are not yet resolved. the rice plant pathogen fusarium fujikuroi exhibits two different rhodopsins, caro and opsa. caro was previously characterized as a light-driven proton pump. we further analyzed the pumping behavior of caro by patch-clamp experi ... | 2018 | 29324661 |
| silicon amendment to rice plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem-sucking insect through modulation of callose deposition. | silicon (si) uptake by poaceae plants has beneficial effects on herbivore defense. increased plant physical barrier and altered herbivorous feeding behaviors are documented to reduce herbivorous arthropod feeding and contribute to enhanced plant defense. here, we show that si amendment to rice (oryza sativa) plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem feeder, the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens, bph), through modulation of callose deposition. we associated the temporal dynamics of bp ... | 2018 | 29321899 |
| coexistence of bt-transgenic and conventional rice affects insect abundance and plant fitness in fields. | as genetically modified (gm) crops have been cultivated worldwide, concerns emerge over ecological consequences because of the coexistence of transgenic and non-transgenic crops in fields. we first conducted field experiments using insect-resistant bt-transgenic rice expressing bacillus thuringiensis and its counterpart conventional rice (oryza sativa l.) with or without insecticide spraying in 2013 and 2014. in 2015 and 2016, bt-transgenic and conventional rice were employed in the pure and mix ... | 2018 | 29318739 |
| proteome-wide lysine acetylation identification in developing rice (oryza sativa) seeds and protein co-modification by acetylation, succinylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation. | protein lysine acetylation is a highly conserved post-translational modification with various biological functions. however, only a limited number of acetylation sites have been reported in plants, especially in cereals, and the function of non-histone protein acetylation is still largely unknown. in this report, we identified 1003 lysine acetylation sites in 692 proteins of developing rice seeds, which greatly extended the number of known acetylated sites in plants. seven distinguished motifs w ... | 2017 | 29313810 |
| ospt4 contributes to arsenate uptake and transport in rice. | arsenic (as) is toxic to organisms, and elevated as accumulation in rice (oryza sativa) grain may pose a significant health risk to humans. the predominant form of as in soil under aerobic conditions is as(v), which has a chemical structure similar to that of po43-. rice roots take up as(v) by phosphate (pi) transporters, such as ospt1 and ospt8. in the present study, we investigated the contribution of ospt4, belonging to the pht1 family, on rice as(v) uptake and transport. we determined the mr ... | 2017 | 29312424 |
| identification and map-based cloning of the light-induced lesion mimic mutant 1 (lil1) gene in rice. | the hypersensitive response (hr) is a mechanism by which plants prevent the spread of pathogen. despite extensive study, the molecular mechanisms underlying hr remain poorly understood. lesion mimic mutants (lmms), such as lil1 that was identified in an ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenized population of indica rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica) 93-11, can be used to study the hr. under natural field conditions, the leaves of lil1 mutant plants exhibited light-induced, small, rust-red lesions that ... | 2017 | 29312386 |
| favorable marker alleles for panicle exsertion length in rice (oryza sativa l.) mined by association mapping and the rstep-lrt method. | the panicle exsertion length (pel) in rice (oryza sativa l.) is an important trait for hybrid seed production. we investigated the pel in a chromosome segment substitution line (cssl) population consisting of 66 lines and a natural population composed of 540 varieties. in the cssl population, a total of seven qtls for pel were detected across two environments. the percentage of phenotypic variance explained (pve) ranged from 10.22 to 50.18%, and the additive effect ranged from -1.77 to 6.47 cm. ... | 2017 | 29312380 |
| involvement of nadph oxidase isoforms in the production of o2- manipulated by aba in the senescing leaves of early-senescence-leaf (esl) mutant rice (oryza sativa). | in this study, the differences in reactive oxygen species (ros) generation and abscisic acid (aba) accumulation in senescing leaves were investigated by early-senescence-leaf (esl) mutant and its wild type, to clarify the relationship among aba levels, ros generation, and nadph oxidase (nox) in senescing leaves of rice (oryza sativa). the temporal expression levels of osnox isoforms in senescing leaves and their expression patterns in response to aba treatment were determined through quantitativ ... | 2018 | 29309410 |
| characterization of new bioactive enzyme inhibitors from endophytic bacillus amyloliquefaciens rwl-1. | endophytic bacteria are known to produce a wide array of bioactive secondary metabolites with beneficial effects on human health. in the current study, a novel endophytic bacterial strain, bacillus amyloliquefaciens rwl-1, was isolated from the seeds of oryza sativa. initially, the crude extract of rwl-1 was assessed for potential biological effects of enzyme inhibition and cytotoxicity and was found to exhibit a broad spectrum inhibition for α-glucosidase (37 ± 0.09%) and urease (49.4 ± 0.53%). ... | 2018 | 29304029 |
| multiple origin but single domestication led to oryza sativa. | the domestication scenario that led to asian rice (oryza sativa) is a contentious topic. here, we have reanalyzed a previously published large-scale wild and domesticated rice dataset, which were also analyzed by two studies but resulted in two contrasting domestication models. we suggest the analysis of false positive selective sweep regions and phylogenetic analysis of concatenated genomic regions may have been the sources that contributed to the different results. in the end, our result indic ... | 2018 | 29301862 |
| exogenous short-term silicon application regulates macro-nutrients, endogenous phytohormones, and protein expression in oryza sativa l. | silicon (si) has been known to regulate plant growth; however, the underlying mechanisms of short-term exogenous si application on the regulation of calcium (ca) and nitrogen (n), endogenous phytohormones, and expression of essential proteins have been little understood. | 2018 | 29301510 |
| identification and comparative analysis of premature senescence leaf mutants in rice (oryza sativa l.). | premature leaf senescence negatively impacts the grain yield in the important monocot rice (oryza sativa l.); to understand the molecular mechanism we carried out a screen for mutants with premature senescence leaves in a mutant bank generated by ethyl methane sulfonate (ems) mutagenesis of elite indica rice zhongjian100. five premature senescence leaf (psl15, psl50, psl89, psl117 and psl270) mutants were identified with distinct yellowish phenotypes on leaves starting from the tillering stage t ... | 2018 | 29301377 |
| disruption of ossec3a increases the content of salicylic acid and induces plant defense responses in rice. | the exocyst, an evolutionarily conserved octameric protein complex involved in exocytosis, has been reported to be involved in diverse aspects of morphogenesis in arabidopsis. however, the molecular functions of such exocytotic molecules in rice are poorly understood. here, we examined the molecular function of ossec3a, an important subunit of the exocyst complex in rice. the ossec3a gene is expressed in various organs, and ossec3a has the potential ability to participate in the exocyst complex ... | 2017 | 29300985 |
| characterisation of a novel quantitative trait locus, gn4-1, for grain number and yield in rice (oryza sativa l.). | a novel qtl for grain number, gn4-1, was identified and fine-mapped to an ~ 190-kb region on the long arm of rice chromosome 4. rice grain yield is primarily determined by three components: number of panicles per plant, grain number per panicle and grain weight. among these traits, grain number per panicle is the major contributor to grain yield formation and is a crucial trait for yield improvement. in this study, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (qtl) responsible for rice grain n ... | 2018 | 29299612 |
| genetic dissection of qtls and differentiation analysis of alleles for heading date genes in rice. | heading date is an important agronomic trait in rice (oryza sativa l.); it determines the geographical and seasonal adaptability of the crop. single segment substitution lines (sssls) have become the preferred experimental materials in mapping functional genetic variations as the particular chromosome segments from donor genotypes can be evaluated for their impact on the phenotype in a recurrent recipient background. the phenotypic differences can be attributed to the control of quantitative tra ... | 2018 | 29298333 |
| large root angle1, encoding ospin2, is involved in root system architecture in rice. | root system architecture is very important for plant growth and crop yield. it is essential for nutrient and water uptake, anchoring, and mechanical support. root growth angle (rga) is a vital constituent of root system architecture and is used as a parameter for variety evaluation in plant breeding. however, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms that determine root growth angle in rice (oryza sativa). in this study, a rice mutant large root angle1 (lra1) was isolated and sho ... | 2018 | 29294052 |
| dark conditions enhance aluminum tolerance in several rice cultivars via multiple modulations of membrane sterols. | aluminum-sensitive rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars showed increased al tolerance under dark conditions, because less al accumulated in the root tips (1 cm) under dark than under light conditions. under dark conditions, the root tip concentration of total sterols, which generally reduce plasma membrane permeabilization, was higher in the most al-sensitive japonica cultivar, koshihikari (ko), than in the most al-tolerant cultivar, rikuu-132 (r132), but the phospholipid content did not differ betw ... | 2018 | 29294038 |
| rice reduces mn uptake in response to mn stress. | rice (oryza sativa l) is one of the most mn-tolerant crops that can grow in submerged paddy fields, where the mn concentration in soil solution is very high due to reduction. although a large part of mn is transferred from the roots to the shoot in rice, the roots are constantly exposed to high mn concentrations in submerged paddies. thus, mechanisms for preventing mn overaccumulation in the cytoplasm of root cells are necessary. recently, we showed that two cation diffusion facilitators, mtp8.1 ... | 2018 | 29286886 |
| oryza sativa salt-induced ring e3 ligase 2 (ossirp2) acts as a positive regulator of transketolase in plant response to salinity and osmotic stress. | a rice gene (ossirp2) encoding the ring ub e3 ligase was highly induced under salinity stress and physically interacted with a transketolase (ostkl1). overexpression of ossirp2 conferred salinity and osmotic stress tolerance in plants. the ring e3 ligases play a vital role in post transitional modification through ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation that mediate plants responses during abiotic stresses and signal transduction. in this study, we report an oryza sativa salt induced really ... | 2017 | 29285618 |
| characterization of the rice nla family reveals a key role for osnla1 in phosphate homeostasis. | phosphate (pi), an essential mineral nutrient for plant development and reproduction, is one of the main components of fertilizers in modern agriculture. previous research demonstrated that atnla1 mediates ubiquitination of pi transporters in the plasma membrane and triggers their endocytosis and degradation in arabidopsis. in this study, we researched the function of nla homologous proteins in pi homeostasis in rice. | 2017 | 29282559 |
| small rna profiling for identification of mirnas involved in regulation of saponins biosynthesis in chlorophytum borivilianum. | micrornas act as molecular regulator of cell signaling, plant growth and development, and regulate various primary and secondary plant metabolic processes. in the present study, deep sequencing of small rnas was carried out to identify known and novel mirnas from pharmaceutically important plant, chlorophytum borivilianum. | 2017 | 29281971 |
| how could agronomic biofortification of rice be an alternative strategy with higher cost-effectiveness for human iron and zinc deficiency in china? | iron and zinc deficiencies affect human health globally, especially in developing countries. agronomic biofortification, as a strategy for alleviating these issues, has been focused on small-scale field studies, and not widely applied while lacking of cost-effectiveness analysis (cea). | 2017 | 29281918 |
| nanoparticle size and production efficiency are affected by the presence of fatty acids during albumin nanoparticle fabrication. | we have previously identified extensive glycation, bound fatty acids and increased quantities of protein aggregates in commercially available recombinant hsa (rhsa) expressed in oryza sativa (asian rice) (osrhsa) when compared to rhsa from other expression systems. we propose these differences may alter some attributes of nanoparticles fabricated with osrhsa, as studies have associated greater quantities of aggregates with increased nanoparticle diameters. to determine if this is the case, nanop ... | 2017 | 29281685 |
| fine mapping of quick rooting1 and 2, quantitative trait loci increasing root length in rice. | the volume that the root system can occupy is associated with the efficiency of water and nutrient uptake from soil. genetic improvement of root length, which is a limiting factor for root distribution, is necessary for increasing crop production. in this report, we describe identification of two qtls for maximal root length, quick rooting 1 (qro1) on chromosome 2 and qro2 on chromosome 6 in cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.). we measured the maximal root length in 26 lines carrying chromosome se ... | 2017 | 29279303 |
| influence of cadmium stress on root exudates of high cadmium accumulating rice line (oryza sativa l.). | a hydroponic experiment with two different cadmium (cd) accumulating rice lines of lu527-8 (the high cd accumulating rice line) and lu527-4 (the normal rice line) was carried out to explore the links among cd stress, root exudates and cd accumulation. the results showed that (1) cd stress increased quantities of organic acids, but had no effect on composition in root exudates of the two rice lines. in cd treatments, the contents of every detected organic acid in root exudates of lu527-8 were 1.7 ... | 2018 | 29276952 |
| mercury in rice (oryza sativa l.) and rice-paddy soils under long-term fertilizer and organic amendment. | high levels of mercury (hg), especially methylmercury (mehg), in rice is of concern due to its potential of entering food chain and the high toxicity to human. the level and form of hg in rice could be influenced by fertilizers and other soil amendments. studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of 24 years application of chemical fertilizers and organic amendments on total hg (thg) and mehg and their translocation in soil, plants, and rice grain. all treatments led to significantly higher c ... | 2018 | 29272715 |
| mutation of the ossac1 gene, which encodes an endoplasmic reticulum protein with an unknown function, causes sugar accumulation in rice leaves. | sugars are the most abundant organic compounds produced by plants, and can be used to build carbon skeleton and generate energy. the sugar accumulation 1 (ossac1) gene encodes a protein with an unknown function that exhibits four n-terminal transmembrane regions and two conserved domains duf4220 and duf594 with unknown functions. ossac1 was found poorly and specifically expressed at the bottoms of young leaves and in the developing leaf sheathes. subcellular location results showed that ossac1 w ... | 2017 | 29272542 |
| high temperature-induced expression of rice α-amylases in developing endosperm produces chalky grains. | global warming impairs grain filling in rice and reduces starch accumulation in the endosperm, leading to chalky-appearing grains, which damages their market value. we found previously that high temperature-induced expression of starch-lytic α-amylases during ripening is crucial for grain chalkiness. because the rice genome carries at least eight functional α-amylase genes, identification of the α-amylase(s) that contribute most strongly to the production of chalky grains could accelerate effici ... | 2017 | 29270189 |
| identification of trna nucleoside modification genes critical for stress response and development in rice and arabidopsis. | modification of nucleosides on transfer rna (trna) is important either for correct mrna decoding process or for trna structural stabilization. nucleoside methylations catalyzed by mtase (methyltransferase) are the most common type among all trna nucleoside modifications. although trna modified nucleosides and modification enzymes have been extensively studied in prokaryotic systems, similar research remains preliminary in higher plants, especially in crop species, such as rice (oryza sativa). ri ... | 2017 | 29268705 |
| genome-wide searches and molecular analyses highlight the unique evolutionary path of flavone synthase i (fnsi) in apiaceae. | flavone synthase is a key enzyme for flavone biosynthesis and is encoded by two gene families, flavone synthase i (fnsi) and flavone synthase ii (fnsii). fnsii is widely distributed in plants, while fnsi has been reported in rice (oryza sativa) and seven species of apiaceae. fnsi has likely evolved from the duplication of flavanone 3β-hydroxylase (f3h). in this study, we used multiple bioinformatics tools to identify putative fnsi and f3h genes from 42 publicly available genome and transcriptome ... | 2017 | 29268034 |
| receptor-like kinase lyk9 in pisum sativum l. is the cerk1-like receptor that controls both plant immunity and am symbiosis development. | plants are able to discriminate and respond to structurally related chitooligosaccharide (co) signals from pathogenic and symbiotic fungi. in model plants arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa lysm-receptor like kinases (lysm-rlk) atcerk1 and oscerk1 (chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1) were shown to be involved in response to co signals. based on phylogenetic analysis, the pea pisum sativum l. lysm-rlk pslyk9 was chosen as a possible candidate given its role on the cerk1-like receptor. the knock ... | 2017 | 29267197 |
| change in lignin structure, but not in lignin content, in transgenic poplar overexpressing the rice master regulator of secondary cell wall biosynthesis. | we previously succeeded to enhance formation of wood in transgenic poplar plants by overexpressing secondary wall nac domain protein 1 from oryza sativa (osswn1), a transcription factor master regulator of secondary cell wall formation in rice, under control of the fiber preferential nst3/snd1 promoter from arabidopsis. transgenic plants had an increased cell wall thickness and cell wall density of individual cells in the secondary xylem of stems as well as an increased wood density. osswn1 trig ... | 2017 | 29266248 |
| stress-responsive regulation of long non-coding rna polyadenylation in oryza sativa. | recently, long non-coding rnas (lncrnas) have been demonstrated to be involved in many biological processes of plants; however, a systematic study on transcriptional and, in particular, post-transcriptional regulation of stress-responsive lncrnas in oryza sativa (rice) is lacking. we sequenced three types of rna libraries (poly(a)+, poly(a)- and nuclear rnas) under four abiotic stresses (cold, heat, drought and salt). based on an integrative bioinformatics approach and ~200 high-throughput data ... | 2017 | 29265542 |
| the microtubule-associated ring finger protein 1 (osmar1) acts as a negative regulator for salt-stress response through the regulation of ocpi2 (o. sativa chymotrypsin protease inhibitor 2). | our results suggest that a rice e3 ligase, osmar1, physically interacts with a cytosolic protein ocpi2 and may play an important role under salinity stress. salt is an important abiotic stressor that negatively affects plant growth phases and alters development. herein, we found that a rice gene, osmar1 (oryza sativa microtubule-associated ring finger protein 1), encoding the ring e3 ligase was highly expressed in response to high salinity, water deficit, and aba treatment. fluorescence signals ... | 2017 | 29260397 |
| corrigendum: involvement of polyamine oxidase-produced hydrogen peroxide during coleorhiza-limited germination of rice seeds. | [this corrects the article on p. 1219 in vol. 7, pmid: 27570530.]. | 2017 | 29255474 |
| characterization of a major qtl for manganese accumulation in rice grain. | some diets lack sufficient manganese (mn), an essential mineral. increasing mn in grain by biofortification could prevent mn deficiency, but may increase levels of the toxic element cadmium (cd). here, we investigated mn in rice (oryza sativa) grains in recombinant inbred lines (rils) from the cross of 93-11 (low grain mn) with pa64s (high grain mn). quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis to identify loci controlling grain mn identified a major qtl, qgmn7.1, on the short arm of chromosome 7; qg ... | 2017 | 29255144 |
| the imprints of the high light and uv-b stresses in oryza sativa l. 'kanchana' seedlings are differentially modulated. | high light and ultraviolet-b radiation (uv-b) are generally considered to have negative impact on photosynthesis and plant growth. the present study evaluates the tolerance potential of three cultivars of oryza sativa l. (kanchana, mattatriveni and harsha) seedlings towards high light and uv-b stress on the basis of photosynthetic pigment degradation, chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and rate of lipid peroxidation, expressed by malondialdehyde content. surprisingly, it was revealed that kan ... | 2018 | 29253814 |
| reconstruction of oryza sativa indica genome scale metabolic model and its responses to varying rubisco activity, light intensity, and enzymatic cost conditions. | to combat decrease in rice productivity under different stresses, an understanding of rice metabolism is needed. though there are different genome scale metabolic models (gsms) of oryza sativa japonica, no gsm with gene-protein-reaction association exist for oryza sativa indica. here, we report a gsm, osi1136 of o.s. indica, which includes 3602 genes and 1136 metabolic reactions and transporters distributed across the cytosol, mitochondrion, peroxisome, and chloroplast compartments. flux balance ... | 2017 | 29250098 |
| root cone angle is enlarged in docs1 lrr-rlk mutants in rice. | the defective in outer cell layer specification 1 (docs1) gene belongs to the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (lrr-rlk) subfamily. it has been discovered few years ago in oryza sativa (rice) in a screen to isolate mutants with defects in sensitivity to aluminum. the c68 (docs1-1) mutant possessed a nonsense mutation in the c-terminal part of the docs1 kinase domain. | 2017 | 29247303 |
| analysis of chloroplast differences in leaves of rice isonuclear alloplasmic lines. | the chloroplast being an important organelle of plant cells could possibly be associated with plant cytoplasmic male sterility (cms). to better understand the correlation between (cms) and chloroplast, we presented a comprehensive analysis based on the changes of photosynthetic parameters, chloroplasts ultrastructure, soluble sugar and starch content, the relative expression of sugar and starch metabolism genes, and chloroplast genome in rice isonuclear alloplasmic cms lines at the flowering sta ... | 2017 | 29247278 |
| proteomic analysis reveals coordinated regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis through signal transduction and sugar metabolism in black rice leaf. | black rice (oryza sativa l.) is considered to be a healthy food due to its high content of anthocyanins in the pericarp. the synthetic pathway of anthocyanins in black rice grains has been identified, however, the proteomic profile of leaves during grain development is still unclear. here, isobaric tags relative and absolute quantification (itraq) ms/ms was carried out to identify statistically significant changes of leaf proteome in the black rice during grain development. throughout three sequ ... | 2017 | 29244752 |
| genome-wide assessment of polygalacturonases-like (pgl) genes of medicago truncatula, sorghum bicolor, vitis vinifera and oryza sativa using comparative genomics approach. | the polygalacturonases (pg) is one of the important members of pectin-degrading glycoside hydrolases of the family gh28. in plants, pg represents multigene families associated with diverse processes. in the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the diversity of pg genes among monocots and dicots with respect to phylogeny, gene duplication and subcellular localization to get an insight into the evolutionary and functional attributes. the genome-wide assessment of medicago truncat ... | 2017 | 29243204 |
| gene mapping and transcriptome profiling of a practical photo-thermo-sensitive rice male sterile line with seedling-specific green-revertible albino leaf. | abnormal environment weather can cause rice photoperiod-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (ptgms) lines fertile or partially fertile and thus cause the mixture of true hybrids with selfing seeds. seedling-specific green-revertible albino leaf color mutant can be used to distinguish the real hybrids. besides, it can also be used as an ideal material to research the development of chloroplast and biosynthesis of chlorophyll. the phenotype of leaf color mutants includes light green, yellowing, al ... | 2018 | 29241565 |
| cry1 bt susceptibilities of fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) host strains. | the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (smith; lepidoptera: noctuidae), is a highly polyphagous, multivoltine pest of commercial crops including corn (zea mays l.), cotton (gossypium spp. l.), rice (oryza sativa l.), and pasture grasses. fall armyworm has become a growing concern in agricultural communities across the americas as field populations in many locales have evolved resistance to several cry1 toxins derived from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt). an often overlooked ... | 2017 | 29240921 |
| the e3 ligase drought hypersensitive negatively regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis by promoting the degradation of transcription factor roc4 in rice. | cuticular wax plays crucial roles in protecting plants from environmental stresses, particularly drought stress. many enzyme-encoding genes and transcription factors involved in wax biosynthesis have been identified, but the underlying posttranslational regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. here, we demonstrate that drought hypersensitive (dhs), encoding a really interesting new gene (ring)-type protein, is a critical regulator of wax biosynthesis in rice (oryza sativa). the cuticular wax ... | 2017 | 29237723 |
| proteome-wide analysis of lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation in developing rice (oryza sativa) seeds. | lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation is a recently identified protein post-translational modification that is known to affect the association between histone and dna. however, non-histone protein lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation remains largely unexplored. utilizing antibody-based affinity enrichment and nano-hplc/ms/ms analyses of 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation peptides, we efficaciously identified 9,916 2-hydroxyisobutyryl lysine sites on 2,512 proteins in developing rice seeds, representing the first lys ... | 2017 | 29235492 |
| genetic dissection of leaf senescence in rice. | leaf senescence, the final stage of leaf development, is a complex and highly regulated process that involves a series of coordinated actions at the cellular, tissue, organ, and organism levels under the control of a highly regulated genetic program. in the last decade, the use of mutants with different levels of leaf senescence phenotypes has led to the cloning and functional characterizations of a few genes, which has greatly improved the understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying leaf sen ... | 2017 | 29232920 |
| evaluation of mercury uptake and distribution in rice (oryza sativa l.). | mercury (hg) contamination in soil-rice systems from industry, mining and agriculture has received increasing attention recently in china. pot experiments were conducted to research the hg accumulation capacity of rice under exogenous hg in the soil and study the major soil factors affecting translocation of hg from soil to plant. soil treated with 2 mg kg-1 hg decreased rice grain yield and inhibited the growth of rice plants. with increased hg contamination of the rice, the enrichment rate of ... | 2017 | 29230483 |
| profiling of accessible chromatin regions across multiple plant species and cell types reveals common gene regulatory principles and new control modules. | the transcriptional regulatory structure of plant genomes remains poorly defined relative to animals. it is unclear how many cis-regulatory elements exist, where these elements lie relative to promoters, and how these features are conserved across plant species. we employed the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (atac-seq) in four plant species (arabidopsis thaliana, medicago truncatula, solanum lycopersicum, and oryza sativa) to delineate open chromatin regions and transcription factor ... | 2017 | 29229750 |
| activity of icacinol from icacina trichantha on seedling growth of oryza sativa and arabidopsis thaliana. | broadleaf weeds are very costly for crop growers. additional herbicidal compounds need to be obtained, especially from natural sources. extracts of icacina trichantha were evaluated for responses in germinating seeds and seedlings of rice (oryza sativa) and arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). an ethyl acetate fraction of i. trichantha tuber and a diterpenoid constituent, icacinol (1), were found to have impacts on germination and growth of seedlings. the seed germination inhibitory activity on r ... | 2017 | 29227099 |
| overexpression of oscipk30 enhances plant tolerance to rice stripe virus. | rice stripe virus (rsv) causes a severe disease in oryza sativa (rice) in many eastern asian countries. the ns3 protein of rsv is a viral suppressor of rna silencing, but plant host factors interacting with ns3 have not been reported yet. here, we present evidence that expression of rsv ns3 in arabidopsis thaliana causes developmental abnormalities. through yeast two-hybrid screening and a luciferase complementation imaging assay, we demonstrate that rsv ns3 interacted with oscipk30, a cbl (calc ... | 2017 | 29225594 |
| phylogenomic detection and functional prediction of genes potentially important for plant meiosis. | meiosis is a specialized type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes. a better understanding of the cytological procedures of meiosis has been achieved by comprehensive cytogenetic studies in plants, while the genetic mechanisms regulating meiotic progression remain incompletely understood. the increasing accumulation of complete genome sequences and large-scale gene expression datasets has provided a powerful resource for phylogenomic inference and unsupervised identif ... | 2018 | 29223357 |
| enhanced resistance to rice blast and sheath blight in rice (oryza sativa l.) by expressing the oxalate decarboxylase protein bacisubin from bacillus subtilis. | oxalate decarboxylase (oxdc), catalyzing the degradation of oxalic acid, is widely distributed in varieties of organisms. in this study, an oxalate decarboxylase gene from bacillus subtilis strain bs-916, bacisubin, was transformed into rice variety nipponbare to generate transgenic rice with increased oxdc activity. pathogenicity test revealed that the transgenic rice showed enhanced resistance to rice blast and sheath blight. further rna-seq analysis between nipponbare wt (wild type) and trans ... | 2017 | 29223342 |
| comprehensive analysis and transcript profiling of arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa catalase gene family suggests their specific roles in development and stress responses. | stress induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ros) that ultimately hampers the growth, development, and productivity of the plant. as an antioxidant enzyme, catalase converts hydrogen peroxide to water and keeps ros level down to protect cells from stress-induced apoptosis. here, a genome-wide analysis of catalase gene family has been performed in two model plants- arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa. both arabidopsis and rice has a small family of three and four genes, respectivel ... | 2017 | 29223068 |
| funricegenes dataset for comprehensive understanding and application of rice functional genes. | as a main staple food, rice is also a model plant for functional genomic studies of monocots. decoding of every dna element of the rice genome is essential for genetic improvement to address increasing food demands. the past 15 years have witnessed extraordinary advances in rice functional genomics. systematic characterization and proper deposition of every rice gene are vital for both functional studies and crop genetic improvement. | 2018 | 29220485 |
| genetic dissection and validation of candidate genes for flag leaf size in rice (oryza sativa l.). | two major loci with functional candidate genes were identified and validated affecting flag leaf size, which offer desirable genes to improve leaf architecture and photosynthetic capacity in rice. leaf size is a major determinant of plant architecture and yield potential in crops. however, the genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating leaf size remain largely elusive. in this study, quantitative trait loci (qtls) for flag leaf length and flag leaf width in rice were detected with high-density ... | 2017 | 29218376 |
| loss of lofsep transcription factor function converts spikelet to leaf-like structures in rice. | sepallata (sep)-like genes, which encode a subfamily of mads-box transcription factors, are essential for specifying floral organ and meristem identity in angiosperms. rice (oryza sativa l.) has five sep-like genes with partial redundancy and overlapping expression domains, yet their functions and evolutionary conservation are only partially known. here, we describe the biological role of one of the sep genes of rice, osmads5, in redundantly controlling spikelet morphogenesis. osmads5 belongs to ... | 2017 | 29217592 |
| illuminating the role of the gα heterotrimeric g protein subunit, rga1, in regulating photoprotection and photoavoidance in rice. | we studied physiological mechanisms of photoavoidance and photoprotection of a dwarf rice mutant with erect leaves, d1, in which the rga1 gene, which encodes the gα subunit of the heterotrimeric g protein, is non-functional. leaves of d1 exhibit lower leaf temperature and higher photochemical reflectance index relative to wild type (wt), indicative of increased photoavoidance and more efficient light harvesting. rna sequencing analysis of flag leaves revealed that messenger rna levels of genes e ... | 2018 | 29216416 |
| identification of virus-derived sirnas and their targets in rbsdv-infected rice by deep sequencing. | rna interference (rnai) is a conserved mechanism against viruses in plants and animals. it is thought to inactivate the viral genome by producing virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas). rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv) is transmitted to plants by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus), and seriously threatens production of rice in east asia, particularly oryza sativa japonica subspecies. through deep sequencing, genome-wide comparisons of rbsdv-derived vsirnas were m ... | 2017 | 29215744 |
| evolution of microrna827 targeting in the plant kingdom. | unlike most ancient micrornas, which conservatively target homologous genes across species, microrna827 (mir827) targets two different types of spx (syg1/pho81/xpr1)-domain-containing genes, nitrogen limitation adaptation (nla) and phosphate transporter 5 (pht5), in arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa to regulate phosphate (pi) transport and storage, respectively. however, how mir827 shifted its target preference and its evolutionary history are unknown. based on target prediction analysis, we ... | 2017 | 29214636 |
| contrasting patterns of variation in weedy traits and unique crop features in divergent populations of us weedy rice (oryza sativa sp.) in arkansas and california. | weed evolution from crops involves changes in key traits, but it is unclear how genetic and phenotypic variation contribute to weed diversification and productivity. weedy rice is a conspecific weed of rice (oryza sativa) worldwide. we used principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering to understand how morphologically and evolutionarily distinct us weedy rice populations persist in rice fields in different locations under contrasting management regimes. further, we used a representat ... | 2017 | 29205860 |
| osofp19 modulates plant architecture by integrating the cell division pattern and brassinosteroid signaling. | characterization of ovate family proteins (ofps) has revealed that they exert functions by interacting with different types of transcription factor. however, the molecular bases of these processes are poorly understood. here, we report that osofp19 negatively modulates brassinosteroid (br) response and integrates it with the cell division pattern to affect plant architecture, including grain shape, through interaction with both dwarf and low-tillering (dlt) and oryza sativa homeobox1 (osh1). ove ... | 2018 | 29205590 |
| identification of early ammonium nitrate-responsive genes in rice roots. | ammonium has long been used as the predominant form of nitrogen source for paddy rice (oryza sativa). recently, increasing evidence suggests that nitrate also plays an important role for nitrogen acquisition in the rhizosphere of waterlogged paddy rice. ammonium and nitrate have a synergistic effect on promoting rice growth. however, the molecular responses induced by simultaneous treatment with ammonium and nitrate have been less studied in rice. here, we performed transcriptome analysis to ide ... | 2017 | 29203827 |
| relationship of ros accumulation and superoxide dismutase isozymes in developing anther with floret fertility of rice under heat stress. | high temperature (ht) at meiosis stage is one of most important environment constraint affecting spikelet fertility and rice yield. in this paper, the effects of ht exposure at meiosis stage on the ros (reactive oxygen species) accumulation, various superoxide dismutase (sod, ec1.15.1.11) isozymes in developing anther, and its relationship with ht-induced decline in pollen viability and floret fertility were investigated by using four rice cultivars differing in heat tolerance under well-control ... | 2018 | 29202329 |
| diversion of the long-chain acyl-acp pool in synechocystis to fatty alcohols through crispri repression of the essential phosphate acyltransferase plsx. | fatty alcohol production in synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 was achieved through heterologous expression of the fatty acyl-coa/acp reductase maqu2220 from the bacteria marinobacter aquaeolei vt8 and the fatty acyl-acp reductase dpw from the rice oryza sativa. these platform strains became models for testing multiplex crispr-interference (crispri) metabolic engineering strategies to both improve fatty alcohol production and to study membrane homeostasis. crispri allowed partial repression of up to six ... | 2017 | 29199103 |
| can rice (oryza sativa) mitigate pesticides and nutrients in agricultural runoff? | phytoremediation of nutrients and pesticides in runoff is a growing conservation effort, particularly in agriculturally intensive areas such as the lower mississippi river valley. in the current study, rice (oryza sativa) was examined for its mitigation capacity of nitrogen, phosphorus, diazinon, and permethrin. twenty-two high density polyethylene circular containers (56 cm x 45 cm) were used as mesocosms, with 12 mesocosms planted with rice and 10 mesocosms remaining unvegetated. mesocosms wer ... | 2018 | 29196795 |
| independent signalling cues underpin arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and large lateral root induction in rice. | perception of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) triggers distinct plant signalling responses for parallel establishment of symbiosis and induction of lateral root formation. rice receptor kinase chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 (cerk1) and α/β-fold hydrolase dwarf14-like (d14l) are involved in pre-symbiotic fungal perception. after 6 wk post-inoculation with rhizophagus irregularis, root developmental responses, fungal colonization and transcriptional responses were monitored in two independen ... | 2018 | 29194644 |