| casein gene cluster in camelids: comparative genome analysis and new findings on haplotype variability and physical mapping. | the structure of casein genes has been fully understood in llamas, whereas in other camelids, this information is still incomplete. in fact, structure and polymorphisms have been identified in three (csn1s1, αs1-cn; csn2, β-cn; csn3, κ-cn) out of four casein genes, whereas controversial information is available for the csn1s2 (αs2-cn) in terms of structure and genetic diversity. data from the genome analysis, whose assembly is available for feral camel, bactrian, dromedary, and alpaca, can contr ... | 2019 | 31555318 |
| immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of the seasonal changes in the epididymal epithelium of camel (camelus dromedarius). | in order to evaluate the influence of reproductive activity on the functional role of the epididymal epithelium in the egyptian dromedary camel, connexin-43 (cx-43), vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), and androgen receptor (ar) immunoreactivity in the epididymal epithelium and the fine structure of the principal, dark, basal, apical, and halo cells were investigated. the secretory activity of the principal cells was amplified in the breeding season, while its endocytotic function became ... | 2019 | 31547896 |
| force of infection of middle east respiratory syndrome in dromedary camels in kenya. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is a zoonotic disease transmitted from dromedary camels to people, which can result in outbreaks with human-to-human transmission. because it is a subclinical infection in camels, epidemiological measures other than prevalence are challenging to assess. this study estimated the force of infection (foi) of mers-cov in camel populations from age-stratified serological data. a cross-sectional study of mers-cov was conducted in kenya from july ... | 2019 | 31547888 |
| comparative analysis of camelid mitochondrial genomes. | camelus dromedarius has played a pivotal role in both culture and way of life in the arabian peninsula, particularly in arid regions where other domestic animals cannot be easily domesticated. although, the mitochondrial genomes have recently been sequenced for several camelid species, wider phylogenetic studies are yet to be performed. the features of conserved gene elements, rapid evolutionary rate, and rare recombination make the mitochondrial genome a useful molecular marker for phylogenetic ... | 2019 | 31544791 |
| trypanosoma evansi and "candidatus mycoplasma haemolamae" co-infection in one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius) from the northwest of iran: a case report. | a 4-year-old male one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius) was referred to veterinary teaching hospital of urmia university, iran in 2017 with anorexia, weakness, depression and pale mucosa. decreased red blood cell count, packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration were detected by complete blood cell count. in giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears trypanosoma spp. trypomastigotes scattered between erythrocytic spaces and mycoplasma-like organisms were observed attached to the surface of ery ... | 2020 | 31543925 |
| diversity of dromedary camel coronavirus hku23 in african camels revealed multiple recombination events among closely related betacoronaviruses of the subgenus embecovirus. | genetic recombination has frequently been observed in coronaviruses. here, we sequenced multiple complete genomes of dromedary camel coronavirus hku23 (dccov-hku23) from nigeria, morocco, and ethiopia and identified several genomic positions indicative of cross-species virus recombination events among other betacoronaviruses of the subgenus embecovirus (clade a beta-covs). recombinant fragments of a rabbit coronavirus (rbcov-hku14) were identified at the hemagglutinin esterase gene position. hom ... | 2019 | 31534035 |
| genetic diversity of groel and msp4 sequences of anaplasma ovis infecting camels from tunisia. | to date, no information is available regarding the infection of camels (camelus dromedarius) by anaplasma ovis in north african region. several animal species can be infected by a. ovis which further complicates its natural infection cycle. in this paper, we investigated the occurrence and the genetic diversity of a. ovis in camels and ticks collected from them in tunisia and the risk factor analysis. camel blood samples (n = 412) and tick (n = 300) samples, identified as hyalomma dromedarii (n ... | 2020 | 31518651 |
| comparison of pregnancy rates with transfer of in vivo produced embryos derived using multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (moet) with in vitro produced embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) in the dromedary camel (camelus dromedaries). | in the present study, there was comparison of pregnancy rates with transfer of in vivo-produced embryos using multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (moet) with in vitro-produced embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) in dromedary camels. in vivo-produced embryos were collected from donors after super-stimulation of follicular development on day 7 after ovulation, while in vitro-derived embryos were produced using scnt from in vivo-matured oocytes collected from camels after follicular ... | 2019 | 31514928 |
| individual male dependent improvement in post-thaw dromedary camel sperm quality after addition of catalase. | cryopreservation is stressful to sperm cells inducing an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequently reducing post-thaw sperm quality. with the present study, there was evaluation of the protective effects of two antioxidants, epigallocatechin (1 mm) and catalase (500 iu/ml), added at thawing, as well as inter-individual variation on quality of cryopreserved dromedary camel spermatozoa. semen was collected from six males and sperm, selected using single layer centrifug ... | 2019 | 31514924 |
| some one health based control strategies for the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus. | the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) presents an ideal example for developing one health concepts. dromedary camels are the principal reservoir for the virus. infected camels shed the virus in body secretions, particularly nasal discharges. mers-cov has the potential to remain active in the environment for some time under optimum conditions of temperature and humidity. this shedding sustains the virus in endemic communities and thus contact with camels is considered a majo ... | 2019 | 31485476 |
| unraveling the relationship between the topographic distribution patterns of skin temperature and perspiration response in dromedary camels. | the question of how skin temperature (tsk), measured at different regions of the skin, can affect sudomotor activity and thus show a pattern in topographic distribution for the perspiration response (pr) rate in dromedary camels was approached and examined in this experiment. under natural summer conditions, four healthy dromedary bulls, with a mean body mass of 420 kg and age of three years, were measured for tsk and pr in seven skin regions (i.e. head, neck, shoulder, axillary, hump, flank, an ... | 2019 | 31466768 |
| diversity and prevalence of parasitic infestation with zoonotic potential in dromedary camel ( camelus dromedarius ) and fat-tailed sheep (dhumba) in bangladesh. | parasitic infestation is a major cause of losses in livestock production in tropical regions. a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal (gi) parasites of dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) and fat-tailed sheep (dhumba), and the prevalence of hemoparasites in camel from dhaka, bangladesh. | 2019 | 31453183 |
| antibacterial efficacy of moringa oleifera leaf extract against pyogenic bacteria isolated from a dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) abscess. | abscess in camel is one of the most important bacterial infections. it causes anemia and emaciation, resulting in an economic loss due to carcass condemnation and a decrease in reproductive and production efficiency. | 2019 | 31439997 |
| thermotolerance of camel (camelus dromedarius) somatic cells affected by the cell type and the dissociation method. | researchers dealing with heat stress experiments use different cell kinds and use trypsin that has been reported to affect the cellular proteins of cultured cells. therefore, we compared the effects of acute and chronic exposures to high temperature (45 °c) on camel skin fibroblast and granulosa cells. primary culture of fibroblasts and granulosa cells tolerated the acute heat shock for 2 h; however, granulosa cells cultured for long duration (20 h) showed thermotolerance when compared with the ... | 2019 | 31435907 |
| composition of bacterial and archaeal communities in the rumen of dromedary camel using cdna-amplicon sequencing. | the camel is known to survive in harsh environmental conditions, due to its higher digestive efficiency of high-fiber diets compared with other ruminants. however, limited data are available on the microbial community in the rumen of a camel. in this study, the illumina sequencing of v4 region of 16s rrna genes based on rna isolation was employed to get insight into the bacterial and archaeal communities associated with liquid and solid rumen fractions in eight camels under different feeding sys ... | 2020 | 31432356 |
| ramifications of protease-based liquefaction of camel semen on physical, kinematic and surface glyco-pattern of cryopreserved spermatozoa. | the efficiency of incorporating different proteases in the diluent for reducing camel semen viscosity, and subsequent ramifications on morpho-functional and glycan surface properties of cryopreserved spermatozoa were investigated. ejaculates (n = 48) were collected from three adult camels, camelus dromedarius, during the breeding season (january - march). a portion of each raw ejaculate was evaluated for sperm physical and morphological traits, whereas the other portion was divided into three al ... | 2019 | 31405482 |
| effect of heavy metals arsenic, cadmium, and lead on the semen variables of dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius). | in this study, there was investigation of the effect of heavy metals on the fertility of dromedary camels. fourteen camels at the camel research center, king faisal university, and 41 infertile dromedaries admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital were used for semen evaluation during the breeding season. seminal plasma and blood serum were collected from all males until analysis. concentrations of three heavy metals [arsenic (as), cadmium (cd), and lead (pb)] were determined in the seminal p ... | 2019 | 31405477 |
| genome-wide identification of microsatellites and transposable elements in the dromedary camel genome using whole-genome sequencing data. | transposable elements (tes) along with simple sequence repeats (ssrs) are prevalent in eukaryotic genome, especially in mammals. repetitive sequences form approximately one-third of the camelid genomes, so study on this part of genome can be helpful in providing deeper information from the genome and its evolutionary path. here, in order to improve our understanding regarding the camel genome architecture, the whole genome of the two dromedaries (yazdi and trodi camels) was sequenced. totally, 9 ... | 2019 | 31404266 |
| vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolated from camel meat and slaughterhouse workers in egypt. | the emergence of vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (vrsa) represents a challenge for the treatment of staphylococcal infections in both human and animals worldwide. although vrsa has been detected in several animal species worldwide, data on the bacterial prevalence in dromedary camels and workers in camel slaughterhouses are scarce. | 2019 | 31404199 |
| survival, re-expansion, and pregnancy outcome following vitrification of dromedary camel cloned blastocysts: a possible role of vitrification in improving clone pregnancy rate by weeding out poor competent embryos. | there is a clinical demand for efficient cryopreservation of cloned camel embryos with considerable logistic and economic advantage. vitrification of in vivo derived embryos has been reported in camels, but there is no study on vitrification of cloned embryos. moreover, whether characteristic differences between cloned and in vivo derived embryos imply different vitrification requirement is unresolved. here, we compared survival, re-expansion and pregnancy rates of cloned embryos vitrified using ... | 2019 | 31401082 |
| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) in dromedary camels in africa and middle east. | : dromedary camels are the natural reservoirs of the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov). camels are mostly bred in east african countries then exported into africa and middle east for consumption. to understand the distribution of mers-cov among camels in north africa and the middle east, we conducted surveillance in egypt, senegal, tunisia, uganda, jordan, saudi arabia, and iraq. we also performed longitudinal studies of three camel herds in egypt and jordan to elucidate me ... | 2019 | 31387326 |
| experimental infection of dromedary camels with virulent virus of peste des petits ruminants. | peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) causes a severe contagious disease of sheep and goats and has spread extensively in last years through asia and africa. pprv, known to infect exclusively small ruminants, has been recently reported in camels in iran and sudan. reported clinical symptoms are similar to those observed in small ruminants, fatality rate still unknown. however most of the authors reported seropositive camels without clinical signs. camel sensitivity to pprv is still controversi ... | 2019 | 31383302 |
| near-newtonian blood behavior - is it good to be a camel? | from a certain level of exercise-intensity onward, hematocrit increases in horses, which brings more oxygen carriers into the bloodstream. camels, however, when used in competitive racing could be even in need of iron supplementation and blood transfusions due to a severe reduction of their available hematocrit compared to their resting hematocrit. since the extrinsic and intrinsic mechanical properties of camel erythrocytes (rbc) are so different compared to rbcs of other mammals, the question ... | 2019 | 31379608 |
| molecular evidence of trypanosoma evansi infection in iranian dromedary camel herds | trypanosoma evansi is a pathogenic african animal protozoan, affecting livestock and wild animals worldwide and iran. the present study was carried out to detect the infection of t. evansi in one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) of southeastern iran. over six months, a total numbers of 370 dromedary camels were randomly selected from three sub-areas located in southeastern iran in 2015. blood samples were taken from jugular vein andexamined by using micro-hematocrit centrifugation (mhct) and ... | 2019 | 31378057 |
| epidemiological investigations on trypanosoma evansi infection in dromedary camels in the south of algeria. | an epidemiological study of trypanosoma evansi (t. evansi) infection in dromedaries was conducted in four wilayate (localities) of southern algeria: béchar, el bayadh, ouargla, tamanrasset. between february 2014 and april 2016, 1056 camels of different ages and both sexes from 84 herds were sampled. the prevalence was determined through parasitological examination (giemsa stained thin smear, gst), serological tests (catt/t. evansi, elisa/vsg rotat 1.2, immune trypanolysis), and molecular tests ( ... | 2019 | 31372547 |
| global status of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: a systematic review - corrigendum. | | 2019 | 31364519 |
| a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study of camel (camelus dromedarius) brucellosis and associated risk factors in the sultanate of oman. | brucellosis is a globally distributed and economically devastating zoonotic disease of multiple species, including camels. human and livestock brucellosis is prevalent in oman, especially in southern dhofar governorates of oman, where camels share habitat and have close contact with other susceptible species. we conducted a randomized cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study to investigate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels of oman. the sera from 2,250 camels from 552 geographically m ... | 2019 | 31360652 |
| descriptive analysis of cerebral arterial vascular architecture in dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius). | the artiodactyl brain has multiple levels of vascular pooling and the rostral epidural rete mirabile (rerm) at its base. the current study is the first of its kind to precisely demonstrate the arterial vasculature of the dromedary brain, utilizing a new casting method with colored latex and epoxy paint. in total, 35 freshly slaughtered dromedary heads were injected with colored latex or colored epoxy paint prior to dissection in order to reveal cerebral vasculature; ten processed heads were chem ... | 2019 | 31333420 |
| rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato from dogs and dromedary camels in riyadh, saudi arabia: low prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs detected using multiplexed tandem pcr panel. | despite the global distribution of the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806) sensu lato (s.l.), limited information exists about their identity from the arabian peninsula. ticks from free roaming urban dogs and dromedary camels in riyadh, saudi arabia were morphologically identified, confirmed with scanning electron microscopy and characterised at mitochondrial dna (cox1, 12s rdna and 16s rdna). a total of 186 ticks were collected from 65 free roaming dogs (n = 73) and 84 dr ... | 2019 | 31332102 |
| improving specific detection and updating phylogenetic data related to anaplasma platys-like strains infecting camels (camelus dromedarius) and their ticks. | in camels and their infesting ectoparasites, specific detection of pathogenic anaplasma platys and genetically related strains (a. platys-like strains) remains problematic. this requires sequencing of the hemi-nested pcr products specific to a. platys and related strains. in this study, a pcr/rflp method, earlier developed for specific detection of a. platys-like strains in animal species other than camels, was adapted in order to subtype a. platys-like strains isolated from camels and their tic ... | 2019 | 31327747 |
| risk factors for fatal middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections in saudi arabia: analysis of the who line list, 2013-2018. | objectives. to explore complex associations among demographic factors, risk factors, health care, and fatality rates of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) in the kingdom of saudi arabia.methods. we based this study on analysis of a publicly accessible line listing of 1256 mers-cov cases (2013 to october 2018) available on the world health organization's web site. for analyses of demographic factors (e.g., age, gender), access to health care, promptness of laboratory services ... | 2019 | 31318592 |
| failure to detect mers-cov rna in urine of naturally infected dromedary camels. | | 2019 | 31305027 |
| correction to: factors affecting reproductive performance in dromedary camel herds in saudi arabia. | this article was originally published with incorrect affiliation 1. the correction affiliation is presented below. | 2019 | 31289966 |
| cellular and molecular adaptation of arabian camel to heat stress. | to cope with the extreme heat stress and drought of the desert, the arabian camel (camelus dromedarius) has developed exceptional physiological and biochemical particularities. previous reports focused mainly on the physiological features of arabian camel and neglected its cellular and molecular characteristics. heat shock proteins are suggested to play a key role in the protein homeostasis and thermotolerance. therefore, we aim by this review to elucidate the implication of camel hsps in its ph ... | 2019 | 31275361 |
| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedaries in ethiopia is antigenically different from the middle east isolate emc. | middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) is an emerging respiratory disease caused by the mers coronavirus (mers-cov). mers has been endemic to saudi arabia since 2012. the reservoir of mers-cov is the dromedary camel, suggesting that mers is primarily a zoonotic disease. mers-cov is common in dromedaries throughout the middle east, north africa, and east africa as evidenced by neutralizing antibodies against mers-cov; however, human cases have remained limited to the middle east. to better under ... | 2019 | 31275264 |
| copper, iron, manganese, zinc, cobalt, arsenic, cadmium, chrome, and lead concentrations in liver and muscle in iranian camel (camelus dromedarius). | camel meat as healthy food has received much attention for human consumption. in the present study, liver and muscle from 60 camels (camelus dromedarius) including 26 males and 34 females were sampled to determine the concentration of as, cd, pb, cr, cu, fe, mn, zn, and co using the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (icp-oes). based on the obtained results, the average content of essential or toxic elements in the liver and muscle was as follows: 111.2 ± 26.51, 38.57 ± 7.9 ... | 2020 | 31256389 |
| the dromedary camel displays annual variation in hypothalamic kisspeptin and arg-phe-amide-related peptide-3 according to sex, season, and breeding activity. | the dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) is a desert mammal whose cycles in reproductive activity ensure that the offspring's birth and weaning coincide with periods of abundant food resources and favorable climate conditions. in this study, we assessed whether kisspeptin (kp) and arginine-phenylalanine (rf)-amide related peptide-3 (rfrp-3), two hypothalamic peptides known to regulate the mammalian hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis, may be involved in the seasonal control of camel's reproducti ... | 2020 | 31251823 |
| isolation and culture of skin-derived differentiated and stem-like cells obtained from the arabian camel (camelus dromedarius). | elite camels often suffer from massive injuries. thus, there is a pivotal need for a cheap and readily available regenerative medicine source. we isolated novel stem-like cells from camel skin and investigated their multipotency and resistance against various stresses. skin samples were isolated from ears of five camels. fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and spheroid progenitors were extracted. after separation of different cell lines by trypsinization, all cell lines were exposed to heat shock. then, ... | 2019 | 31226810 |
| synergistic effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) and epidermal growth factor on derivation of camel (camelus dromedarius) trophoblast stem cells. | this study aimed to optimize the derivation of trophectoderm from in vitro-produced camel embryos under feeder-free culture conditions using the basement membrane matrix matrigel. trophoblastic vesicles were obtained through mechanical microdissection of in vitro-produced camel (camelus dromedarius) embryos. supplementing the culture medium with 10 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor and 10 ng/ml fibroblast growth factor improved the attachment and subsequent outgrowths of cultured trophoblastic ve ... | 2019 | 31218974 |
| seasonal adaptations of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system of the dromedary camel. | the "ship" of the arabian and north african deserts, the one-humped dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) has a remarkable capacity to survive in conditions of extreme heat without needing to drink water. one of the ways that this is achieved is through the actions of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (avp), which is made in a specialised part of the brain called the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (hns), but exerts its effects at the level of the kidney to provoke water conserva ... | 2019 | 31211771 |
| seasonal variation of the intraepithelial gland in camel epididymis with special reference to autophagosome. | the key role of the epididymis is contributing to sperm storage, maturation, and survival. the epididymis of camel has a unique structure called the intraepithelial gland. the present work aimed to investigate the structure of the epididymal intraepithelial gland with special references to the seasonal variation. the samples were collected from the distal part of the corpus epididymes of completely healthy mature camels (camelus dromedarius) in the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. tomato lectin ... | 2019 | 31210121 |
| liquid storage of dromedary camel semen in different extenders. | this study was conducted to assess the effects of commercial extenders and storage temperature on dromedary camel sperm quality during liquid preservation. in experiment 1, ejaculates (n = five males; replicated seven times) were split and diluted with synthetic (optixcell, equiplus, inra96, bioxcell or andromed; experiment 1a) or egg-yolk based (biladyl, green buffer or triladyl; experiment 1b) extenders and stored for 48 h at 4 °c. in experiment 2, split ejaculates (n = five males; replicated ... | 2019 | 31208848 |
| a systematic review of mers-cov seroprevalence and rna prevalence in dromedary camels: implications for animal vaccination. | human infection with middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is driven by recurring dromedary-to-human spill-over events, leading decision-makers to consider dromedary vaccination. dromedary vaccine candidates in the development pipeline are showing hopeful results, but gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology of mers-cov in dromedaries must be addressed to design and evaluate potential vaccination strategies. we aim to bring together existing measures of mers-cov infection ... | 2019 | 31201040 |
| molecular screening approach to identify protozoan and trichostrongylid parasites infecting one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius). | little is known about the diversity of many parasites infecting camels, with most relying on morphological parameters. dna extracted from different tissues (n = 90) and fecal samples (n = 101) from dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) in egypt were screened for multiple parasites using different molecular markers. screening of tissue samples (heart) for toxoplasma gondii and sarcocystis spp. was performed using b1 and 18s rrna gene markers, respectively. t. gondii was further genotyped using m ... | 2019 | 31194962 |
| effect of exogenous progesterone treatment on ovarian steroid hormones and oxidant and antioxidant biomarkers during peak and low breeding seasons in dromedary she-camel. | research about the effects of progesterone (p4) and the relationship of p4 to oxidative stress has been achieved in ruminants but not enough in camels. | 2019 | 31190709 |
| pregnancy and parturition in dromedary camels i. factors affecting gestation length, calf birth weight and timing of delivery. | in the present study, we evaluated the role of genetic, physiologic and environmental factors in affecting gestation length, calf birth weight and time of parturition in dromedary camels. reproductive data were collected over a 10-year period at the world's first intensively managed, large-scale camel dairy farm. we hypothesized that environmental conditions (i.e. photoperiod) have a decisive effect on these reproductive parameters. the effect of various factors was tested with linear mixed mode ... | 2019 | 31129478 |
| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov): a review. | as a novel coronavirus first reported by saudi arabia in 2012, the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is responsible for an acute human respiratory syndrome. the virus, of 2c beta-cov lineage, expresses the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (dpp4) receptor and is densely endemic in dromedary camels of east africa and the arabian peninsula. mers-cov is zoonotic but human-to-human transmission is also possible. surveillance and phylogenetic researches indicate mers-cov to be closely asso ... | 2019 | 31119115 |
| influenza d virus infection in dromedary camels, ethiopia. | influenza d virus has been found to cause respiratory diseases in livestock. we surveyed healthy dromedary camels in ethiopia and found a high seroprevalence for this virus, in contrast to animals co-existing with the camels. our observation implies that dromedary camels may play an important role in the circulation of influenza d virus. | 2019 | 31107233 |
| evaluation of trypanosama evansi prevalence and risk factors in the one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) of the north-east of iran by a real-time pcr test. | the surra caused by trypanosoma evansi (t. evansi) is an economically damaging disease of livestock including camels, horses, and buffaloes. the disease is transmitted by arthropod flies belonging to family tabanidae. the clinical signs of affected animals include recurrent fever, progressive anemia, cachexia, edema, and abortion. in order to determine the point prevalence of surra in the camel population of north-east of iran, 152 blood samples from one-humped camels were collected by multiple ... | 2019 | 31097124 |
| study of the biochemical biodiversity of camel milk. | due to its balanced composition in basic nutrients, its richness in vitamins and in minerals, camel milk has a special place in the daily diet of southern populations. the present study aimed at examining some physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of camel milk (camelus dromedarius) in morocco. to achieve this aim, three batches of samples of camel milk were collected from various regions (dakhla, errachida, and fès-meknes) undergoing physicochemical and biochemical analyses. results s ... | 2019 | 31093015 |
| scanning electron microscopy and histomorphology of the epiglottis in dromedaries: a study revealing unusual structure with the probable functional role. | while epiglottis is essentially a mammalian structure, studying its microstructure in any placental model will add an important information to the field of comparative anatomy and the related branches of biology. the aim of this study was to describe the structure of the epiglottis in dromedary camels using light and scanning electron microscopy (sem), with reference to the possible functions. a total of 11 epiglottis cartilages from 11 larynges were used. the study revealed unusual, deeply situ ... | 2019 | 31087741 |
| molecular cloning and cellular expression of the cholesterol synthesizing enzymes during the prenatal development of the optic nerve in the dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius). | the cholesterol-synthesizing proteins (hmgcs1 and hmgcs2) are mitochondrial enzymes that believed to catalyze the first reaction of ketogenesis, the process by which energy is provided from fats in the absence of carbohydrates. typically, astrocytes developed from its progenitor cells in the embryonic optic nerve and enriched with hmgcs1 and 2. however, the detailed histomorphology of camel hmgcs1 and 2 remains to be clearly defined. here, we investigated the changes that associate with astrocyt ... | 2019 | 31079945 |
| reproductive and productive efficiency of maghrebi dairy she-camels fed diets supplemented with zinc-methionine. | this study is aimed at evaluating the effect of dietary zinc-methionine (zn-met) supplementation during 3 months prepartum up to 9 months postpartum on reproductive performance, blood biochemical, and milk production of lactating she-camels besides growth performance of their calves. twenty pregnant maghrebi she-camels (439.49 ± 11.57 kg; 3-5 parties) were divided into four similar groups. animals were fed the basal diet (g1) or the basal diet supplemented with zn-met at levels of 30 mg (g2), 40 ... | 2020 | 31066019 |
| prevalence of eimeria species in camels (camelus dromedarius) from egypt and variability in structure of eimeria cameli oocysts. | coccidiosis is a common disease of camels, and camels are important for the economy of asia and the arabian peninsula. little is known regarding the prevalence of coccidian parasites in camels in egypt. fecal samples collected from the rectums of 200 camels at the cairo slaughterhouse were processed using the sucrose flotation technique. eimeria species oocysts were found in 38%. three eimeria species were identified: eimeria cameli-like in 31%, eimeria rajasthani in 18%, and eimeria dromedarii ... | 2019 | 31059381 |
| physical characteristics of gastrointestinal content of llama (lama glama). | changes in digesta dry matter (dm) and mean digesta particle size (mps) along the gastrointestinal tract are well known in ruminants, but not in camelids. we collected digesta from the dorsal (d) and ventral (v) first forestomach compartment (c1), the second forestomach compartment (c2), three proximal segments and the subsequent glandular part of the third compartment (c3a-d), the caecum and the faeces twelve llamas (lama glama). dm analysis indicates the presence of digesta stratification in t ... | 2019 | 31050031 |
| investigation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in arabian dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius). | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) causes johne's disease in ruminants. this study aimed to investigate mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in clinically infected camels on the immunological, conventional bacteriological, and molecular biological basis. | 2019 | 31040561 |
| utilization of crude and recombinant elisas for serodiagnosis of camel trypanosomosis in sudan. | this study was carried out to evaluate the application of catt/t. evansi, crude and recombinant (tegm6-4r) antigen elisas in the diagnosis of camel trypanosomosis caused by two trypanosome species, t. evansi and t. vivax, in sudan. concurrently, the current situation of camel trypanosomosis was investigated based on the results of a serological analysis. the recombinant tandem repeat antigen tegm6-4r is conserved among salivarian trypanosome species and was highly sensitive in the detection tryp ... | 2019 | 31027599 |
| qatar experience on one health approach for middle-east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, 2012-2017: a viewpoint. | the emergence of the middle east respiratory syndrome corona virus (mers-cov) in the middle east in 2012 was associated with an overwhelming uncertainty about its epidemiological and clinical characteristics. once dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) was found to be the natural reservoir of the virus, the public health systems across the arabian peninsula encountered an unprecedented pressure to control its transmission. this view point describes how the one health approach was used in qatar t ... | 2019 | 31011617 |
| effect of nonenzymatic deamidation on the structure stability of camelus dromedarius α-lactalbumin. | camelid α-lactalbumin is the only known protein that can undergo nonenzymatic deamidation on two asn residues. this leads to the generation of a mixture of unusual isoasp and d-asp residues that may impact health. the effect of deamidation on camel α-lactalbumin instability was investigated. circular dichroism showed that the altered protein acquired secondary structure resulting in an increase in α-helix content. in good agreement, the 3d structure of camel α-lactalbumin determined by x-ray cry ... | 2019 | 31006460 |
| development of a modified method of handmade cloning in dromedary camel. | in this study, a modified method of handmade cloning (m-hmc), which had been originally developed in sheep, was used for somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) in the dromedary camel. the unique feature of m-hmc over current scnt methods lies in the use of a simple device (a finely drawn micropipette made of pasteur pipette) for chemically-assisted enucleation of oocytes under a stereomicroscope with improved efficiency and ease of operation. using this system, the throughput of cloned embryo reco ... | 2019 | 30995216 |
| effect of macromolecule supplement on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, cryosurvival and in vitro embryo development of dromedary camel oocytes. | the current evaluation of oocyte vitro maturation (ivm) media has progressed toward more defined conditions in human and livestock. in this study, the replacement of fetal calf serum (fcs) with bovine serum albumin (bsa) and polyvinyl alcohol (pva) was evaluated during ivm in dromedary camel. nuclear maturation rates in presence of fcs and pva were comparable (81.6 ± 1 and 75.5 ± 5%, respectively). bsa, whether used alone or in combination with fcs, significantly reduced nuclear maturation (51.6 ... | 2019 | 30991170 |
| taxonomic justification of the pathogenic strongylid infecting the arabian camel camelus dromedarius as haemonchus longistipes by morphological and molecular phylogeny. | there is still lack of morphological and phylogenetic information on the pathogenic nematode of the camel haemonchus longistipes. in the present study, this parasite was isolated in saudi arabia and described. | 2019 | 30989135 |
| epidemiological study of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in saudi arabia, april-may 2015. | a cross-sectional study was conducted in five regions in saudi arabia to investigate the epidemiology of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) infection in dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) during april and may2015. serum and nasal swab samples were tested for mers-cov antibodies andribonucleic acid (rna) using a recombinant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (relisa) and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr), respectively. the overall mers-cov ... | 2018 | 30964454 |
| effect of short artificial lighting and low temperature in housing rooms during non-rutting season on reproductive parameters of male dromedary camels. | ten dromedary mature males were used to study the effects of short artificial lighting and low temperature on the reproductive behavior, testicular size, semen quality and hormone during the non-rutting season and subsequent rutting season. bulls were allocated into two groups: the first group were subjected to natural daylight and temperature and used as a control. the second group was housed individually in light and temperature controlled rooms in which artificial light (300 lux) was used for ... | 2019 | 30959439 |
| peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in dromedary camels and small ruminants in mandera and wajir counties of kenya. | a study was conducted to determine the presence of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in camel population kept together with small ruminants in isiolo, mandera, marsabit, and wajir counties of kenya. this was done in the wake of a disease with unknown etiology "camel sudden death syndrome" camels in the horn of africa. thirty-eight (38) samples, 12, 8, 15, and 3 samples, were collected from mandera, wajir, isiolo, and marsabit, respectively, from 25 camels, 7 goats, and 4 sheep. one camel in mande ... | 2019 | 30956658 |
| genetic improvement in dromedary camels: challenges and opportunities. | | 2019 | 30915101 |
| basement membranes in the kidney of the dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius): an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. | basement membranes consist of various proteins, the major ones being laminin and collagen type iv. primary defects in these two proteins have been extensively associated with kidney pathologies. this study aimed to establish baseline information on the immunohistochemical distribution of laminin and collagen type iv, and to corelate these with the ultrastructure of basal laminae in the uriniferous tubules of the dromedary camel. tissue samples were taken from the kidneys of eight adult female ca ... | 2019 | 30904316 |
| global status of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: a systematic review. | dromedary camels have been shown to be the main reservoir for human middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) infections. this systematic review aims to compile and analyse all published data on mers-coronavirus (cov) in the global camel population to provide an overview of current knowledge on the distribution, spread and risk factors of infections in dromedary camels. we included original research articles containing laboratory evidence of mers-cov infections in dromedary camels in the field fro ... | 2019 | 30869000 |
| reporting temporal fluctuations of hepatic c16 and c18 fatty acids during late gestation and early lactation in dromedary camel. | based on current knowledge, c16 and c18 fatty acids (fa) are considered the most functional fa in hepatic metabolism. although these fas have been satisfyingly investigated in cattle, other species such as camel have been neglected. for this reason, the current study was designed to scrutinize changing patterns of c16 and c18 fas in 10 dromedary camels from the last 2 months of gestation to the first months of lactation. camels were grazed on natural pasture and supplemented with a balanced rati ... | 2019 | 30864045 |
| ovarian hormones and antioxidant biomarkers in dromedary camels synchronized with new and re-used controlled intravaginal drug release (cidr)/gpg (ovsynch) program during breeding season. | this study aimed to investigate the effect of cidr, re-used wcidr, and ovsynch protocols for the synchronization of follicular waves on ovarian hormones, oxidative stress, and antioxidant biomarkers during the breeding season. dromedary camels (n = 18) were divided into three equal groups. the first group received cidr. the second group received previously used wcidr after thorough cleaning and disinfection. the third group was subjected to gpg protocol. progesterone (p4), estradiol (e2) l, tota ... | 2019 | 30825101 |
| cadmium in seminal plasma of fertile and infertile male dromedary camels. | the objective of this study was to investigate the cadmium (cd) profile in seminal plasma of male dromedary camel with impotentia generandi (post-coital infertility, ig group, n = 14) in comparison with known fertile males (fert group, n = 5). andrological examination was carried out for all animals. semen was collected with electroejaculation and examined for volume, concentration, motility, viability, and abnormality. seminal fluid was harvested after centrifugation and analyzed for cd using a ... | 2020 | 30809771 |
| purification and biochemical characterization of a novel copper, zinc superoxide dismutase from liver of camel (camelus dromedarius): an antioxidant enzyme with unique properties. | a novel copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (cuznsod) was purified to homogeneity from the liver of an animal well adapted to the stressful living conditions of the desert, the camel (camelus dromedarius). the biochemical properties of camel liver cuznsod were examined. the purified enzyme had a native molecular weight of 28 kda, as judged by gel filtration chromatography, and showed a single band at 27 kda on sds-page, indicating that it is a monomeric protein. optimal activity of the purified en ... | 2019 | 30771689 |
| the current perspectives of dromedary camel stem cells research. | camels have cultural value in the arab society and are considered one of the most important animals in the arabian peninsula and arid environments, due to the distinct characteristics of their meat and milk. moreover, there is a great interest in camel racing and beauty shows. therefore, treatment of elite animals, increasing the number of camels as well as genetic improvement is an essential demand. because there are unique camels for milk production, meat, or in racing, the need to propagate g ... | 2018 | 30761317 |
| effects of all-trans retinoic acid on the in vitro maturation of camel (camelus dromedarius) cumulus-oocyte complexes. | all-trans retinoic acid (ra) is a metabolite of vitamin a and has pleiotropic actions on many different biological processes, including cell growth and differentiation, and is involved in different aspects of fertility and developmental biology. in the current study, we investigated the effects of ra on camel (camelus dromedarius) cumulus-oocyte complex in vitro maturation (ivm). ivm medium was supplemented with 0, 10, 20, and 40 µm ra. application of 20 µm ra significantly reduced the proportio ... | 2019 | 30760649 |
| morphological diversity of female camel (camelus dromedarius) populations in morocco. | fourteen body measurements of 132 adult female camels belonging to three populations guerzni (60), khouari (28), and marmouri (44) reared in 38 herds of 8 provinces of southern morocco were studied to identify homogeneous groups according to their conformation. the measurements were chest girth (cg), hump girth (hg), height at withers (hw), body length (bl), fore limb length (fll), chest width (cw), chest depth (cd), fore hoof circumference (fhc), head length (hl), distance between eyes (de), ea ... | 2019 | 30712239 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis on the global distribution, host range, and prevalence of trypanosoma evansi. | surra is an animal trypanosomosis, caused by infection with trypanosoma evansi and leading to severe economic loss due to mortality and morbidity. compared to tsetse-transmitted animal trypanosomoses, little attention is given to the epidemiology and control of surra. understanding its epidemiology is a first step in local and global efforts to control the disease. we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies on distribution, host ranges and prevalence of t. evansi inf ... | 2019 | 30704516 |
| quality and quantity of dromedary camel dna sampled from whole-blood, saliva, and tail-hair. | camels are livestock with unique adaptations to hot-arid regions. to effectively study camel traits, a biobank of camel dna specimens with associated biological information is needed. we examined whole-blood, saliva (buccal swabs), and tail-hair follicle samples to determine which is the best source for establishing a dna biobank. we inspected five amounts of each of whole-blood, buccal swabs, and tail-hair follicles in nine camels, both qualitatively via gel electrophoresis and quantitatively u ... | 2019 | 30703133 |
| the value of camels as sentinels for bluetongue virus in morocco. | a serosurvey was conducted to determine the value of camels (camelus dromedaries) as sentinel animals for the detection of bluetongue virus (btv) in morocco. between 2010 and 2013, camels from various localities in morocco were randomly tested for antibodies against btv serotypes‑1, ‑4, ‑6, ‑8, ‑11, ‑14, and ‑16. antibodies against 1 or more serotypes were detected in 41.8% of 537 camels tested with a competitive enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) diagnostic ... | 2018 | 30681134 |
| reproductive seasonality of male dromedary camels. | reproductive seasonality has been reported in numerous species, including male dromedary camels, yet investigations into seasonal changes in camel semen quality have yet to be conducted. the aim of this study was to characterise the seasonal changes in camel semen quantity and quality as well as correlate these changes to testis and accessory sex gland morphology, sexual behaviour, libido and environmental factors such as day length and ambient temperature in oman. semen was collected twice a mo ... | 2019 | 30658862 |
| purification and characterization of deoxyribonuclease from small intestine of camel camelus dromedarius. | the chromatography of deoxyribonuclease (dnase) from small intestine of camel camelus dromedarius by deae-sepharose separated three isoforms dnase 1, dnase 2 and dnase 3. the dnase 3 was purified to homogeneity by chromatography on sephacryl s-200. the molecular weight of dnase 3 was 30 kda using gel filtration and sds-page. the ph optimum of dnase 3 was reported at 7.0 using tris-hcl buffer. the temperature optimum of dnase 3 was found to be 50 °c. the enzyme was stable up to 50 °c for one h in ... | 2017 | 30647687 |
| impotentia generandi in male dromedary camels: heavy metal and trace element profiles and their relations to clinical findings and semen quality. | the aim of this study was to investigate the profiles of cadmium (cd), lead (pb), selenium (se), zinc (zn), copper (cu), molybdenum (mo), iron (fe), and manganese (mn) in serum of dromedary camels with impotentia generandi and their associations with the clinical findings and semen analysis data. sixteen male dromedary camels with impotentia generandi (ig group) and 5 fertile camels (fert group) were used. the external and internal genital organs were examined using visual inspection, palpation, ... | 2019 | 30645711 |
| first molecular detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in dromedaries ( camelus dromedarius). | anaplasma phagocytophilum infects a wide variety of wild and domestic animals and causes an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease. there are no available data regarding the presence of a. phagocytophilum in camels ( camelus dromedarius). therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of a. pagocytophilum in iranian camels. whole blood of 207 camels from five geographical regions of iran was tested for a. phagocytophilum using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), nested pcr, ... | 2018 | 30592905 |
| effect of starter cultures on properties of soft white cheese made from camel (camelus dromedarius) milk. | this experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of starter cultures on the physicochemical properties, texture, and consumer preferences of soft white cheese (swc) made from camel (camelus dromedarius) milk. the experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments [starter cultures; i.e., 1 thermophilic (sti-12), 2 blended (rst-743 and xpl-2), and 2 mesophilic (r-707 and chn-22) cultures]. starter cultures sti-12 and rst-743 were inoculated at 37°c, whereas xpl-2, ... | 2019 | 30591338 |
| circannual changes in major chemical composition of bulk dromedary camel milk as determined by ft-mir spectroscopy, and factors of variation. | we monitored the major chemical composition of bulk dromedary camel milk by ft-mir spectroscopy over a 5-year period. the results highly correlated with those determined with reference methods (r > 0.985, p < 0.001). production parameters showed significant (p < 0.001) seasonal and yearly changes. the overall mean fat, protein, lactose, solids-not-fat, and total solids concentrations of bulk dromedary camel milk were 2.87%, 2.94%, 4.15%, 8.00%, and 10.69%, respectively. month of the year, year o ... | 2019 | 30583369 |
| simplified superovulation protocols in dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius). | this study was conducted to develop simple superovulation protocols in dromedary camels. using two commercial fsh products, a series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the effect of different superovulation protocols on ovarian response and embryo production. in experiment 1, camels in control group (n = 15) received 400 mg folltropin-v in a traditional protocol (fsh diluted in saline and given twice daily in decreasing doses over 5 days) and camels in split-injection (2 doses 48 h apart) ... | 2019 | 30583224 |
| abdominal hernias in camel (camelus dromedaries): clinical findings and treatment outcomes. | the present study was designed to describe the clinical presentation of abdominal hernias and to evaluate the efficacy of polypropylene mesh in repair of such affection in camels. twenty-six dromedary camels were included in this study on the basis of clinical and ultrasonographic evidence of abdominal hernia. factors associated with prevalence and clinical findings of hernia were presented and hernioplasty using polypropylene mesh was evaluated as a surgical intervention. out of 26 studied came ... | 2019 | 30568107 |
| underaddressed animal-welfare issues in conservation. | much progress has been made toward assessing and improving animal welfare in conservation. however, several glaring knowledge gaps remain where animal-welfare concerns exist but animal-welfare studies have not been performed in politically sensitive contexts. based on contemporary issues in australia, we identified 4 topics that require more research: animal-welfare oversight for operations designated as management (as opposed to research); animal-welfare impacts of biological agents used to con ... | 2019 | 30549308 |
| comparison of body weight estimation equations for camels (camelus dromedarius). | the objective of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of six different equations for weight estimation of camels using body measurements as chest girth, height at withers, and hump girth in order to identify the most reliable equation for use in the field. the prediction equations that were compared were those of boué revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 3 (1), 13-16, 1949; graber revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 19, 527-543, 1966; ... | 2019 | 30539360 |
| the first survey of isolation and molecular typing of toxoplasma gondii by bioassay and pcr method in balb/c mice in camels (camelus dromedarius) from eastern iran. | we isolated toxoplasma gondii from camels by bioassay method in mice model and detect parasitic dna in brain mice by molecular methods. | 2020 | 30483329 |
| detection of distinct mers-coronavirus strains in dromedary camels from kenya, 2017. | | 2018 | 30482895 |
| effects of long-term dehydration on oxidative stress, apoptotic markers and neuropeptides in the gastric mucosa of the dromedary camel. | we investigated the effects of 20 days of dehydration and 20 days of dehydration followed by 72 h of rehydration on the gastric mucosa of the one-humped dromedary camel. the parameters addressed include biomarkers of oxidative stress, apoptosis, gastric epithelial histology, gastric neuropeptides, and their receptors. nineteen clinically healthy, 4-5 year-old male dromedary camels were divided into three groups (five control camels, eight dehydrated for 20 days, six dehydrated for 20 days and th ... | 2019 | 30478677 |
| seroprevalence and participatory epidemiology of camelpox in afar region of ethiopia. | camelpox is endemic in most camel rearing regions of the world, causing significant economic losses. however, its epidemiology is not extensively investigated. we conducted a cross sectional seroprevalence study of camelpox in amibara and awash fentale districts in afar region of ethiopia from november 2014 to may 2015. in addition, participatory epidemiology (pe) was conducted to identify seasonal occurrence of the disease in the study districts. blood samples were collected from 384 dromedary ... | 2018 | 30466655 |
| expression of glial cells molecules in the optic nerve of adult dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius): a histological and immunohistochemical analysis. | the optic nerve (on) is an important organ in the visual system of animals, which transfers electrical impulses towards the brain from the retina. high enrichment of glial cells in on is known to support neuron and regulate retinal homoeostasis. however, research on immunohistochemical of glial cells proteins in the camel is scanty in available literature. hence, the current work is an attempt to investigate the histomorphology of camel on with regard to the expression patterns of glial fibrilla ... | 2019 | 30450567 |
| serum vitamin a and e, copper, zinc and selenium concentrations and their relationship with health outcomes in dromedary hospitalized camels (camelus dromedarius). | the goals of this study were to measure serum vitamin a (retinol) and e (α-tocopherol) and trace elements concentrations (copper, zinc and selenium) during diseases condition and to determine their association with hematological parameters and immune status of hospitalized camels. a total of 95 dromedary camels [healthy (n=65); hospitalized camels (n=30)] were included in this study. vitamin a and e concentrations were significantly lower in hospitalized camels than apparently healthy ones (p<0. ... | 2018 | 30425962 |
| a rapid scoping review of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus in animal hosts. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen discovered in 2012. the purpose of this scoping review was to summarize the empirical evidence for mers-cov in animals in order to map knowledge gaps and to extract data for modelling disease transmission in dromedary camels. a review protocol was developed a priori, and a systematic search, data extraction and summary were conducted using the arksey and o'malley framework. ninety-nine publications were iden ... | 2019 | 30421581 |
| a review of coccidiosis in old world camels. | domesticated old world camels (camelus dromedarius and c. bactrianus) are important for the economy of several countries in asia, africa, and the arabian peninsula, and coccidiosis is important as a cause of mortality in juvenile camels. there is confusion concerning the species of coccidian parasites in camels and their life cycles. the objective of the present paper is to review biology of the eimeria and cystoisospora species in camels. the following conclusions were drawn. although five spec ... | 2018 | 30389015 |
| effect of different freezing rates and thawing temperatures on cryosurvival of dromedary camel spermatozoa. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different freezing rates and thawing temperatures on the post-thaw quality of camel spermatozoa. ten ejaculates from five male camels were frozen at five different freezing rates, achieved by placing the straws at specific heights above the surface of liquid nitrogen for different lengths of time (4 cm for 15 min; 1 cm for 15 min; 7 cm for 15 min; 7 cm for 5 min + 4 cm for 3 min; 4 cm for 5 min + 1 cm for 3 min) followed by storage in liq ... | 2019 | 30388470 |
| differential expression of cyp2j2 gene and protein in camelus dromedarius. | cyp2j2 is a member of the cytochrome p450 superfamily. it had been described in different mammalian species; however, no studies have described this gene in camelus dromedarius. cyp2j2 is an epoxygenase enzyme which oxidizes various fatty acids, mainly arachidonic acid, via nadph-dependent epoxidation to generate epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (eets). it is a multi-functional enzyme that plays crucial roles in inflammation, cancer, drug metabolism, and embryo development. it controls the water re-abs ... | 2019 | 30378391 |
| disseminated tuberculosis in a cow and a dromedary bull-camel in zamfara state in nigeria. | in 2017, cases of generalized tuberculosis (tb) were identified in a cow and a bull-camel, slaughtered at the gusau abattoir in zamfara state nigeria. the objective of this study was to identify the cause of the gross pathology on the account of disseminated lesions widely distributed in different body parts of the animals. tissue samples were analysed using ziehl-neelsen (zn) stain and region of difference (rd) deletion typing. results obtained by laboratory investigations revealed infection wi ... | 2019 | 30358174 |
| azoospermia in male dromedary: clinical findings, testicular biopsy, serum follicle stimulating hormone and seminal biomarkers. | azoospermia is not an uncommon infertility problem in the male dromedary (camelus dromedarius). azoospermia was investigated via clinical findings, testicular biopsy as well as the evaluation of follicle stimulating hormone (fsh), concentration of camel testis protein (tex101) and camel epididymis-specific extracellular matrix protein (ecm1) in seminal fluids. azoospermic male camels (azoo group, n = 28) that had been detected to be infertile as a result of lack of resulting pregnancies after re ... | 2018 | 30340855 |