| effect of amoxicillin exposure on brain, gill, liver, and kidney of common carp (cyprinus carpio): the role of amoxicilloic acid. | amoxicillin (amx) is one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics around the world due to its broad-spectrum activity against different bacterial strains as well as its use as a growth promoter in animal husbandry. although residues of this antibacterial agent have been found in water bodies in diverse countries, there is not enough information on its potential toxicity to aquatic organisms such as the common carp cyprinus carpio. this study aimed to evaluate amx-induced oxidative stress in b ... | 2017 | 27403921 |
| thyroid hormone influences muscle mechanics in carp (cyprinus carpio) independently from serca activity. | thyroid hormone is a key regulator of metabolism, and in zebrafish, hypothyroidism decreases sustained and burst swimming performance. these effects are accompanied by decreases in both metabolic scope and the activity of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum atpase (serca) in zebrafish. our aim was to determine whether thyroid hormone affects skeletal muscle contractile function directly and whether these effects are mediated by influencing serca activity. we show that hypothyroidism reduces sustained lo ... | 2016 | 27401758 |
| enzymatic extraction and characterisation of a thermostable collagen from swim bladder of rohu (labeo rohita). | the fish swim bladder is considered as a potential source of realistic collagen. currently, processing of the indian major carp rohu (labeo rohita) generates an enormous quantity of non-edible by-products, including swim bladders, which are discarded as waste with no commercial value. in the present study, collagen was prepared from rohu swim bladder and its physicochemical and fibril-forming capacities were assessed. | 2017 | 27380938 |
| purification and characterisation of a salt-stable protease from the halophilic archaeon halogranum rubrum. | because proteases play an important role in the fermentation of fish sauce, the purification and characterisation of an extracellular protease from the halophilic archaeon halogranum rubrum was investigated. | 2017 | 27378532 |
| evaluation of pollution of ganga river water using fish as bioindicator. | ganga river, life line of millions of people got heavily polluted due to uncontrolled anthropogenic activities. to monitor the effect of pollution of the river on its aquatic life, a field study was conducted by analyzing the different biomarker enzymes and biochemical parameters in the various tissues (muscles, liver, gills, kidney, brain, and skin) of the indian major carp labeo rohita collected from the river ganga from different study sites of varanasi district. activities of antioxidant enz ... | 2016 | 27370309 |
| molecular and functional characterization of toll-like receptor (tlr)1 and tlr2 in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are fundamental components of innate immunity that play significant roles in the defence against pathogen invasion. in this study, we present the molecular characterization of the full-length coding sequence of tlr1, tlr2a and tlr2b from common carp (cyprinus carpio). each is encoded within a single exon and contains a conserved number of leucine-rich repeats, a transmembrane region and an intracellular tir domain for signalling. indeed, sequence, phylogenetic and synt ... | 2016 | 27368535 |
| effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field on brain histopathology of caspian sea cyprinus carpio. | there is limited research on the effect of electromagnetic field on aquatic organisms, especially freshwater fish species. this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (elf-emf) (50 hz) exposure on brain histopathology of cyprinus carpio, one of the important species of caspian sea with significant economic value. a total of 200 healthy fish were used in this study. they were classified randomly in two groups: sham-exposed group and experimenta ... | 2017 | 27362452 |
| mlp and carp are linked to chronic pkcα signalling in dilated cardiomyopathy. | mlp (muscle lim protein)-deficient mice count among the first mouse models for dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm), yet the exact role of mlp in cardiac signalling processes is still enigmatic. elevated pkcα signalling activity is known to be an important contributor to heart failure. here we show that mlp directly inhibits the activity of pkcα. in end-stage dcm, pkcα is concentrated at the intercalated disc of cardiomyocytes, where it is sequestered by the adaptor protein carp in a multiprotein comple ... | 2016 | 27353086 |
| characterization of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) interferon regulatory factor 5 (irf5) and its expression in response to viral and bacterial challenges. | common carp (cyprinus carpio l.), one of the most economically valuable commercial farming fish species in china, is often infected by a variety of viruses. as the first line of defence against microbial pathogens, the innate immune system plays a crucial role in teleost fish, which are lower vertebrates. interferon (ifn) regulatory factor 5 (irf5) is a key molecule in antiviral immunity that regulating the expression of ifn and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. it is necessary to gain more insi ... | 2016 | 27350041 |
| physiological responses of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) to dietary exposure to zearalenone (zen). | zearalenone (zen) is a frequent contaminant of animal feeds, but systemic effects on fish and possible metabolic costs have not yet been investigated. in order to fill this gap a feeding trial with juvenile carp was conducted. the fish were fed zen-contaminated diets at three concentrations (low: 332μgkg(-1), medium: 621μgkg(-1), and high: 797μgkg(-1) final feed, respectively) for four weeks. possible reversible effects of zen were evaluated by feeding an additional group with the mycotoxin for ... | 2016 | 27349726 |
| tracing the biotransformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in common carp (cryprinus carpio): enantiomeric fraction and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analyses. | metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in fish are difficult to detect in vivo due to the complexity of biometabolism. in the present study, atropisomeric fraction analysis of chiral pcb congeners and compound-specific isotopic analysis (csia) were applied to trace the biotransformation of pcbs in fish by exposure of common carp (cryprinus carpio) to the commercial pcb mixture aroclor 1242. stereoselective elimination of the chiral pcb congeners 91, 95, and 136 was observed, indicating ... | 2016 | 27341148 |
| focused proteomics revealed a novel rho-kinase signaling pathway in the heart. | protein phosphorylation plays an important role in the physiological regulation of cardiac function. myocardial contraction and pathogenesis of cardiac diseases have been reported to be associated with adaptive or maladaptive protein phosphorylation; however, phosphorylation signaling in the heart is not fully elucidated. we recently developed a novel kinase-interacting substrate screening (kiss) method for exhaustive screening of protein kinase substrates, using mass spectrometry and affinity c ... | 2016 | 27334702 |
| molecular identification of a new myxozoan, myxobolus dermiscalis n. sp. (myxosporea) infecting scales of labeo rohita hamilton in harike wetland, punjab (india). | in the present study, a new species myxobolus dermiscalis n. sp. infecting scales of labeo rohita, an indian major carp from harike wetland in punjab, india has been described on the basis of spore morphology and amplification of a part of 18s rdna gene. the pseudocysts of m. dermiscalis n. sp. are milky white with irregular outline, 0.5-3.6 mm in diameter embedded within the dermal scale in the form of a cavity. the spores 5.84-7.98 × 3.98-5.98 μm in size, having two equal polar capsules 3.98-5 ... | 2016 | 27330981 |
| effects of lipoic acid on growth and biochemical responses of common carp fed with carbohydrate diets. | lipoic acid (la) is an antioxidant that also favors glucose uptake in mammals. until now, there are no studies evaluating the potential effect of this molecule on glycemic control in fish. it was evaluated la effects on glucose uptake in common carp cyprinus carpio fed with carbohydrate diets from two carbohydrate sources: glucose (glu) and starch (sta), and supplemented or not with la, being the diets: +glu/-la (glu); +glu/+la (glu + la); +sta/-la (sta); and +sta/+la (sta + la). carp juveniles ... | 2016 | 27325349 |
| effects of chlorinated drinking water on the xenobiotic metabolism in cyprinus carpio treated with samples from two italian municipal networks. | drinking water (dw) disinfection represents a milestone of the past century, thanks to its efficacy in the reduction of risks of epidemic forms by water micro-organisms. nevertheless, such process generates disinfection by-products (dbps), some of which are genotoxic both in animals and in humans and carcinogenic in animals. at present, chlorination is one of the most employed strategies but the toxicological effects of several classes of dbps are unknown. in this investigation, a multidisciplin ... | 2016 | 27316649 |
| acclimation temperature alters the relationship between growth and swimming performance among juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio). | individual variation in growth, metabolism and swimming performance, their possible interrelationships, and the effects of temperature were investigated in 30 juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio) at two acclimation temperatures (15 and 25°c). we measured body mass, critical swimming speed (ucrit), resting metabolic rate (rmr), active metabolic rate (amr) and metabolic scope (ms) twice (28days apart) in both temperature groups. fish acclimated to 25°c showed a 204% higher specific growth rate ( ... | 2016 | 27312325 |
| multiplug filtration cleanup method with multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the analysis of malachite green, diethylstilbestrol residues, and their metabolites in aquatic products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. | the food safety supervision in aquatic products has raised public concern in recent years. in this study, a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (lc-ms/ms) method for the simultaneous quantification and identification of four residues of the ever widely used analytes (including malachite green, leucomalachite green, diethylstilbestrol, and dienestrol) in aquaculture samples was developed. for sample preparation, a modified quechers (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) me ... | 2016 | 27311954 |
| hikui disease in nine koi carp (cyprinus carpio): first description of a cutaneous perivascular wall tumour. | hikui disease is a well known disfiguring disease of koi carp (cyprinus carpio) primarily affecting fish with red pigmentation. it causes light orange to golden yellow, multifocal to coalescing raised patches, starting from the red cutaneous areas. some cases respond to surgery or topical treatment, but recurrence is common. | 2016 | 27311577 |
| simultaneous determination of aditoprim and its three major metabolites in pigs, broilers and carp tissues, and its application in tissue distribution and depletion studies. | aditoprim (adp) is a recently developed dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor that has shown promise for therapeutic use in veterinary medicine because of its excellent pharmacokinetic properties. in this study, a sensitive and reliable multi-residue chromatography-ultraviolet (hplc-uv) method for the quantitative analysis of adp and its three major metabolites was developed, and the tissue distribution and depletion profiles of adp and its major metabolites in pigs, broilers and carp were investiga ... | 2016 | 27310088 |
| biodegradable chitosan coating incorporated with black pepper essential oil for shelf life extension of common carp (cyprinus carpio) during refrigerated storage. | chitosan (ch) coating incorporated with black pepper essential oil (ch+bpeo) was studied to extend the shelf life of common carp (cyprinus carpio) during refrigerated storage at 4 ± 1°c. the chemical composition of bpeo was characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). antibacterial properties of bpeo were determined by disk diffusion agar, mic, and mbc. ch (2% [wt/vol]) and ch+bpeo (2% [wt/vol] ch with 1.5% [vol/vol] bpeo) were used for common carp fillet coating. the sample ... | 2016 | 27296603 |
| solute carriers (slcs) identified and characterized from kidney transcriptome of golden mahseer (tor putitora) (fam: cyprinidae). | the solute carriers (slc) are trans-membrane proteins, those regulate the transport of various substances (sugars, amino acids, nucleotides, inorganic cations/anions, metals, drugs etc.) across the cell membrane. there are more than 338 solute carriers (slc) reported in fishes that play crucial role in cellular influx and efflux. the study of solute carrier families may reveal many answers regarding the function of transporter genes in the species and their effect in the existing environment. th ... | 2016 | 27287540 |
| effects of different concentrations of metal ions on degradation of adenosine triphosphate in common carp (cyprinus carpio) fillets stored at 4°c: an in vivo study. | the impact of different concentrations of na(+), k(+), ca(2+), mg(2+), fe(2+), and zn(2+) on the degradation of adenosine triphosphate (atp) and the influence of these ions on the activity of adenosine monophosphate deaminase (amp-deaminase) and acid phosphatase (acp) in common carp fillets (in vivo) during 4°c storage was examined. the content of atp, inosine monophosphate (imp), and hypoxanthine (hx), and the activity of amp-deaminase and acp were determined. results indicated that the effects ... | 2016 | 27283700 |
| the in vitro effect of temperature on motility and antioxidant response of common carp cyprinus carpio spermatozoa. | the effect of temperature on cyprinus carpio spermatozoa in vitro was investigated with spermatozoa activated at 4, 14, and 24°c. at 30s post-activation, motility rate was significantly higher at 4°c compared to 14 and 24°c, whereas highest swimming velocity was observed at 14°c. the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (tbars) content was significantly higher at 14°c and 24°c than at 4°c in motile spermatozoa. no significant differences in catalase and superoxide dismutase activity relative t ... | 2016 | 27264890 |
| gnih plays a negative role in regulating gth expression in the common carp, cyprinus carpio l. | in birds and mammals, the gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (gnih) effectively inhibits the expression of gonadotrophin (gth). in teleosts, the effects of gnih are still unclear and under much debate. the aim of this study is to evaluate the functions of gnih/receptors of gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (gnihrs) system during reproduction in the common carp, cyprinus carpio l. we cloned the full cdna sequences of gnih /gnihrs. real-time pcr results showed that gnih/gnihrs were distributed extens ... | 2016 | 27263051 |
| case studies of spinal deformities in ornamental koi, cyprinus carpio l. | this is a study of vertebral deformities in ornamental koi based on computed radiography and skeletons cleaned by dermestid beetles (dermestes maculatus). all koi developed gradual onset of swimming abnormalities as adults. extensive intervertebral osteophyte formation correlated with age of fish and was associated with hindquarter paresis in one koi. vertebral compression and fusion were the most common spinal deformities occurring at multiple sites, similar to findings in other farmed fish. si ... | 2017 | 27260260 |
| biological invasion by a benthivorous fish reduced the cover and species richness of aquatic plants in most lakes of a large north american ecoregion. | biological invasions are projected to be the main driver of biodiversity and ecosystem function loss in lakes in the 21st century. however, the extent of these future losses is difficult to quantify because most invasions are recent and confounded by other stressors. in this study, we quantified the outcome of a century-old invasion, the introduction of common carp to north america, to illustrate potential consequences of introducing non-native ecosystem engineers to lakes worldwide. we used the ... | 2016 | 27251937 |
| invasion status of the common carp cyprinus carpio in inland waters of argentina. | this study documents the presence of cyprinus carpio in 119 natural environments and 49 artificial habitats in argentina, showing an exponential increment of invaded locations over time since it was introduced in the nineteenth century. geographic expansion patterns revealed that since its initial introduction, species records demonstrate an increment in the central portion of the country only after 1970 and subsequent expansion after 1990 to the north, west and south. using an environmental sim ... | 2016 | 27241358 |
| transciptomic study of mucosal immune, antioxidant and growth related genes and non-specific immune response of common carp (cyprinus carpio) fed dietary ferula (ferula assafoetida). | a 8-weeks feeding trial was conducted to examine the effects of different levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) of dietary ferula (ferula assafoetida) on expression of antioxidant enzymes (gsr, gpx and gsta), immune (tnf-alpha, il1b, il- 8 and lyz) and growth (gh, igf1 and ghrl) genes as well as cutaneous mucus and serum non-specific immune response in common carp. the results revealed ferula significantly increased antioxidant gene expression (gsr and gsta) in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). the expres ... | 2016 | 27241284 |
| risk screening of pharmaceutical compounds in romanian aquatic environment. | the aquatic environment is under increased pressure by pharmaceutically active compounds (phacs) due to anthropogenic activities. in spite of being found at very low concentrations (ng/l to μg/l) in the environment, phacs represent a real danger to aquatic ecosystems due to their bioaccumulation and long-term effects. in this study, the presence in the aquatic environment of six non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, diclofenac, acetaminophen, naproxen, indomethacin, and ketoprofen), ... | 2016 | 27234514 |
| rhabdomyosarcoma in a silver carp. | rhabdomyosarcoma is a primitive neoplasm that originates from skeletal muscle progenitor cells. in a routine inspection of a cyprinid farm in southwestern iran, an approximately 2-year-old female silver carp was observed to have a raised mass located on the dorsolateral surface just caudal to the head. macroscopic examination revealed a firm irregular fleshy pink mass (5 × 4 cm, depth = 3 cm) that appeared to arise from the subcutaneous musculature. histologic sections were prepared using routin ... | 2016 | 27229885 |
| an ultra-high density linkage map and qtl mapping for sex and growth-related traits of common carp (cyprinus carpio). | high density genetic linkage maps are essential for qtl fine mapping, comparative genomics and high quality genome sequence assembly. in this study, we constructed a high-density and high-resolution genetic linkage map with 28,194 snp markers on 14,146 distinct loci for common carp based on high-throughput genotyping with the carp 250 k single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) array in a mapping family. the genetic length of the consensus map was 10,595.94 cm with an average locus interval of 0.75 c ... | 2016 | 27225429 |
| frequency and histologic characterization of coelomatic neoplasms in koi cyprinus carpio koi. | koi carp presenting with coelomatic neoplastic lesions are of growing importance in switzerland and elsewhere in europe, as clinical diagnosis is usually difficult and prognosis is usually poor because of late recognition. to gain more information about this condition, between 2008 and 2012, 117 koi diagnosed with coelomatic tumours were included in this study. the nature and growth characteristics of these pathologic tissues were documented. out of 117 koi, 48.9% (n = 57) were female; the ovary ... | 2016 | 27225205 |
| open and closed evolutionary paths for drastic morphological changes, involving serial gene duplication, sub-functionalization, and selection. | twin-tail goldfish strains are examples of drastic morphological alterations that emerged through domestication. although this mutation is known to be caused by deficiency of one of two duplicated chordin genes, it is unknown why equivalent mutations have not been observed in other domesticated fish species. here, we compared the chordin gene morphant phenotypes of single-tail goldfish and common carp (close relatives, both of which underwent chordin gene duplication and domestication). morpholi ... | 2016 | 27220684 |
| metal concentrations in water, sediment and three fish species from the danube river, serbia: a cause for environmental concern. | the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of metal contamination in water, sediments and three different fish species. all samples were taken from the danube river in belgrade region, a location upstream from grocka. concentrations of cd, hg and pb in water samples were not detected, while concentrations of zn, fe, cu and as were in the range of 0.004-0.41 mg l(-1). iron was the most deposited metal in sediment samples (17,530.00 mg kg(-1)). for the purpose of heavy metal determinati ... | 2016 | 27211095 |
| the effect of tramadol hydrochloride on early life stages of fish. | the aim of this study was to perform the fish embryo acute toxicity test (fet) on zebrafish (danio rerio) and the early-life stage toxicity test on common carp (cyprinus carpio) with tramadol hydrochloride. the fet was performed using the method inspired by the oecd guideline 236. newly fertilized zebrafish eggs were exposed to tramadol hydrochloride at concentrations of 10; 50; 100 and 200μg/l for a period of 144h. an embryo-larval toxicity test on c. carpio was performed according to oecd guid ... | 2016 | 27208654 |
| the role of melatonin as a hormone and an antioxidant in the control of fish reproduction. | reproduction in most fish is seasonal or periodic, and the spawning occurs in an appropriate season to ensure maximum survival of the offspring. the sequence of reproductive events in an annual cycle is largely under the control of a species-specific endogenous timing system, which essentially relies on a well-equipped physiological response mechanism to changing environmental cues. the duration of solar light or photoperiod is one of the most predictable environmental signals used by a large nu ... | 2016 | 27199895 |
| hepatocytes as in vitro test system to investigate metabolite patterns of pesticides in farmed rainbow trout and common carp: comparison between in vivo and in vitro and across species. | in vitro tools using isolated primary fish hepatocytes have been proposed as a useful model to study the hepatic metabolism of xenobiotics in fish. in order to evaluate the potential of in vitro fish hepatocyte assays to provide information on in vivo metabolite patterns of pesticides in farmed fish, the present study addressed the following questions: are in vitro and in vivo metabolite patterns comparable? are species specific differences of metabolite patterns in vivo reflected in vitro? are ... | 2016 | 27185525 |
| identification and characterization of a ltr retrotransposon from the genome of cyprinus carpio var. jian. | a ty3/gypsy-retrotransposon-type transposon was found in the genome of the jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) in a previous study (unpublished), and was designated a jre retrotransposon (jian retrotransposon). the full-length jre retrotransposon is 5126 bp, which includes two long terminal repeats of 470 bp at the 5' end and 453 bp at the 3' end, and two open reading frames between them: 4203 bp encoding the group-specific antigen (gag) and polyprotein (pol). the pol gene has a typical ty3/gy ... | 2016 | 27178280 |
| bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids including the isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate in carp (cyprinus carpio) in a sediment/water microcosm. | carp (cyprinus carpio) were exposed to perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) including perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) isomers in an artificially contaminated sediment/water microcosm. the uptake constant of pfaas increased with increasing carbon chain length, whereas the elimination coefficient displayed the opposite trend, suggesting that carbon chain length plays an important role in the bioaccumulation of pfaas. when the contribution of suspended particulate matter was taken into account, the bioacc ... | 2016 | 27163505 |
| why does gila elegans have a bony tail? a study of swimming morphology convergence. | caudal-fin-based swimming is the primary form of locomotion in most fishes. as a result, many species have developed specializations to enhance performance during steady swimming. specializations that enable high swimming speeds to be maintained for long periods of time include: a streamlined body, high-aspect-ratio (winglike) caudal fin, a shallow caudal peduncle, and high proportions of slow-twitch ("red") axial muscle. we described the locomotor specializations of a fish species native to the ... | 2016 | 27157474 |
| occurrence and bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments and paddy ecosystems of liaohe river basin, northeast china. | concentrations of 16 polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) congeners were measured in river sediments, paddy soils and three species of paddy-field organisms (crab, loach and carp) collected from the liaohe river basin, northeastern china. the total contents of pbdes (∑16pbdes) in sediments and paddy soils were in the ranges of 273.4-3246.3pg/g dry weight (dw), and 192.1-1783.8pg/gdw, respectively. bde 209 was the dominant congener both in sediments and paddy soils. the concentrations of ∑16pbdes ... | 2016 | 27155431 |
| prioritization of contaminated watercourses using an integrated biomarker approach in caged carp. | because of the ever increasing complexity of environmental contamination profiles, there are limitations to the use of analytical pollutant measurements for monitoring and prioritization of watercourses. the potential of biomarkers has been debated for many years, especially in laboratory settings, but there is a need for studies evaluating these approaches in the field. we evaluated the usefulness of a selection of biomarkers, mostly indicators of general physiological status and common stress ... | 2016 | 27153115 |
| qtl variations for growth-related traits in eight distinct families of common carp (cyprinus carpio). | comparing qtl analyses of multiple pair-mating families can provide a better understanding of important allelic variations and distributions. however, most qtl mapping studies in common carp have been based on analyses of individual families. in order to improve our understanding of heredity and variation of qtls in different families and identify important qtls, we performed qtl analysis of growth-related traits in multiple segregating families. | 2016 | 27150452 |
| effective utilization of distiller's grain soluble-an agro-industrial waste in the feed of cage-reared minor carp labeo bata in a tropical reservoir, india. | a 60-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of distiller's grain soluble (brewery waste) as a prospective ingredient to substitute expensive and high demand feed component, soybean meal for farming labeo bata in cages installed in tropical reservoir. two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets comprising brewery waste (49.2 % cp) as test diet and soybean meal (44.4 % cp) as reference diet were formulated and extruded to obtain 2-mm floating pellets. the efficacy of the diets was te ... | 2016 | 27146546 |
| antibodies to carbamylated α-enolase epitopes in rheumatoid arthritis also bind citrullinated epitopes and are largely indistinct from anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. | in addition to anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (acpas), antibodies targeting carbamylated (i.e., homocitrullinated) proteins (anti-carp antibodies) have been described in rheumatoid arthritis (ra). however, the extent to which anti-carp antibodies are truly distinct from acpa remains unclear, and few studies have focused on specific autoantigens. here, we examine cross-reactivity between acpa and anti-carp antibodies, in the context of the candidate autoantigen α-enolase. | 2016 | 27145822 |
| multifunctional protein: cardiac ankyrin repeat protein. | cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp) not only serves as an important component of muscle sarcomere in the cytoplasm, but also acts as a transcription co-factor in the nucleus. previous studies have demonstrated that carp is up-regulated in some cardiovascular disorders and muscle diseases; however, its role in these diseases remains controversial now. in this review, we will discuss the continued progress in the research related to carp, including its discovery, structure, and the role it plays ... | 2016 | 27143260 |
| comparison of methods to improve induction of spermiation in wild-caught carp (cyprinus carpio carpio), a threatened species from the caspian sea basin. | wild carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) forms the basis of an important fishery in the southern caspian sea basin which is increasingly underpinned by the release of cultured juveniles. a significant bottleneck to hatchery-rearing of juveniles is the spermiation of male broodstock. therefore, four approaches to improving spermiation were investigated. the effectiveness of two delivery methods for the sustained release of salmon gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (sgnrha; i.e., via intramuscular ... | 2016 | 27133180 |
| statewide surveillance of halogenated flame retardants in fish in illinois, usa. | in order to better understand the exposure of aquatic systems to halogenated flame retardant contaminants, the present study investigated a variety of legacy and emerging flame retardants in common carp and largemouth bass collected from 58 stations across illinois (united states). the data revealed that polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) generally dominated the flame retardant residues in illinois fish. concentrations of σpbdes (including all detectable pbde congeners) ranged from 24.7 to 8 ... | 2016 | 27131823 |
| the response of thyroid hormones, biochemical and enzymological biomarkers to pyrene exposure in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are discharged into aquatic environments through anthropogenic activities mainly industrial and municipal effluents. there is little information on the adverse effects of pyrene, a member of the pah family which is classified as a priority pollutant by the usepa, on fish biochemical and physiological endpoints, particularly thyroid hormones. the present study investigated the effects of subacute semi-static pyrene exposure on biochemical, enzymological and ... | 2016 | 27123973 |
| ex vivo tools for the clonal analysis of zebrafish hematopoiesis. | this protocol describes the ex vivo characterization of zebrafish hematopoietic progenitors. we show how to isolate zebrafish hematopoietic cells for cultivation and differentiation in colony assays in semi-solid media. we also describe procedures for the generation of recombinant zebrafish cytokines and for the isolation of carp serum, which are essential components of the medium required to grow zebrafish hematopoietic cells ex vivo. the outcome of these clonal assays can easily be evaluated u ... | 2016 | 27123951 |
| the association between anti-carbamylated protein (anti-carp) antibodies and radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: a study exploring replication and the added value to acpa and rheumatoid factor. | anti-carbamylated protein (anti-carp) antibodies are reported to associate with more radiographic progression within the total rheumatoid arthritis (ra) population and anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (acpa)-negative subgroup. we explored the association of anti-carp with radiographic progression in ra and aimed to replicate the association and evaluate the added value of anti-carp antibodies in relation to acpa and rheumatoid factor (rf). | 2017 | 27117699 |
| [immunological markers of rheumatoid arthritis]. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is the most common connective tissue disease of autoimmune origin. the disease is characterized by chronic inflammation leading to bone erosions and organ involvement. ra is a progressive disease. it affects the quality of life, leading to disability and death mainly due to premature cardiovascular disease. early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for prognosis and quality of life improvement. in 2010 the american college of rheumatology (acr) and the eur ... | 2016 | 27117100 |
| common carp cyprinus carpio responses to sub-chronic exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid. | perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) is an important and diffuse perfluorinated alkylated substance, but knowledge of the toxicological effects of this endocrine disrupter in fish is limited. adult common carp cyprinus carpio, l. were exposed to 200 ng/l (a concentration reported in impacted aquatic ecosystems) and 2 mg/l pfoa solutions in a flow-through system for 56 days to determine tissue accumulation and histological alterations of the primary target organs. pfoa was extracted from blood, gill, li ... | 2016 | 27107988 |
| dispersion of the invasive common carp cyprinus carpio in southern south america: changes and expectations, westward and southward. | common carp cyprinus carpio possess multiple traits that contribute to their success as an invasive species. they have been introduced across the globe, and abundant populations can have numerous negative effects. although ecological niche-based modelling techniques have been used to predict the potential range of c. carpio invasion in u.s.a., occurrence and abundance patterns have not yet been considered on a regional scale. in the present review new locations are documented, the status of the ... | 2016 | 27095064 |
| oxidative stress and immune disturbance after long-term exposure to bisphenol a in juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio). | bisphenol a (bpa) is a well-known endocrine disrupting chemical (edc), ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, which poses an ecotoxicological risk to the health of aquatic organisms. however, the immunotoxic effects of its long-term exposure on fish have received limited attention. we examined a number of typical immune-related parameters and oxidative stress indices in the liver and blood serum of the red common carp (cyprinus carpio), following a 30-day exposure to five different concentration ... | 2016 | 27088622 |
| detecting the movement and spawning activity of bigheaded carps with environmental dna. | bigheaded carps are invasive fishes threatening to invade the great lakes basin and establish spawning populations, and have been monitored using environmental dna (edna). not only does edna hold potential for detecting the presence of species, but may also allow for quantitative comparisons like relative abundance of species across time or space. we examined the relationships among bigheaded carp movement, hydrography, spawning and edna on the wabash river, in, usa. we found positive relationsh ... | 2016 | 27087387 |
| (uncommon) mechanisms of branchial ammonia excretion in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) in response to environmentally induced metabolic acidosis. | freshwater fishes generally increase ammonia excretion in acidic waters. the new model of ammonia transport in freshwater fish involves an association between the rhesus (rh) protein rhcg-b, the na(+)/h(+) exchanger (nhe), and a suite of other membrane transporters. we tested the hypothesis that rhcg-b and nhe3 together play a critical role in branchial ammonia excretion in common carp (cyprinus carpio) chronically exposed to a low-ph environment. carp were exposed to three sequential environmen ... | 2016 | 27082522 |
| determination of the effects of different washing processes on aroma characteristics in silver carp mince by mmse-gc-ms, e-nose and sensory evaluation. | the present study investigated the volatile compounds of silver carp mince and the effects of washing processes on the integral aroma characteristics and aroma-active compounds (aacs) of the mince. 57 volatile compounds were identified by monolithic material sorptive extraction (mmse) and gc-ms analysis, and 13 volatile compounds with odor activity values greater than 1 (oavs > 1) were further selected as aacs contributing primarily to the integral aroma profile of silver carp. washing methods a ... | 2016 | 27080898 |
| multi-residue method for the determination of organofluorine pesticides in fish tissue by liquid chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. | a multiresidue method for the determination of organofluorine pesticides in fish tissue samples was developed and optimized. this method is based on a cleanup step of the extracted samples with acetonitrile, and carried out by solid phase extraction (spe) with aminopropyl (nh2) cartridge, before the identification and quantification of the residues by liquid chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). the performance characteristics, such as accuracy, precision, linear ... | 2016 | 27080897 |
| establishing targeted carp tlr22 gene disruption via homologous recombination using crispr/cas9. | recent advances in gene editing techniques have not been exploited in farmed fishes. we established a gene targeting technique, using the crispr/cas9 system in labeo rohita, a farmed carp (known as rohu). we demonstrated that donor dna was integrated via homologous recombination (hr) at the site of targeted double-stranded nicks created by crispr/cas9 nuclease. this resulted in the successful disruption of rohu toll-like receptor 22 (tlr22) gene, involved in innate immunity and exclusively prese ... | 2016 | 27079451 |
| segregated water observed in a putative fish embryo cryopreservative. | development of new cryopreservation strategies has major potential in medicine and agriculture and is critical to the conservation of endangered species that currently cannot be preserved. a critical property of any potential cryopreservative solution is its ability to prevent cell-damaging ice formation during cooling and subsequent heating. this study focuses on the freezing behaviour of promising model cryoprotective solutions. we perform neutron scattering analysis, combined with computer mo ... | 2016 | 27069654 |
| a role for multiple estrogen receptors in immune regulation of common carp. | estrogens are important for bi-directional neuroendocrine-immune interaction. they act via nuclear estrogen receptors (erα and erβ) and/or g-protein coupled receptor - gpr30. we found expression of erα, erβ and gpr30 in carp lymphoid tissues and head kidney monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes. interestingly, erβ is also expressed in some head kidney lymphocytes but not in naive pbls. immune stimulation altered the cell type specific profile of expression of these receptors, which ... | 2017 | 27062969 |
| mutations in the c-terminal region affect subcellular localization of crucian carp herpesvirus (cahv) gpcr. | g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) are known as seven transmembrane domain receptors and consequently can mediate diverse biological functions via regulation of their subcellular localization. crucian carp herpesvirus (cahv) was recently isolated from infected fish with acute gill hemorrhage. cahv gpcr of 349 amino acids (aa) was identified based on amino acid identity. a series of variants with truncation/deletion/substitution mutation in the c-terminal (aa 315-349) were constructed and expres ... | 2016 | 27059239 |
| genome-wide identification, characterization and phylogenetic analysis of atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter genes in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | the atp-binding cassette (abc) gene family is considered to be one of the largest gene families in all forms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic life. although the abc transporter genes have been annotated in some species, detailed information about the abc superfamily and the evolutionary characterization of abc genes in common carp (cyprinus carpio) are still unclear. in this research, we identified 61 abc transporter genes in the common carp genome. phylogenetic analysis revealed that they could be ... | 2016 | 27058731 |
| large-scale tissue-specific and temporal gene expression profiles in pengze crucian carp. | in the present study, the tissue-specific and temporal gene expression profiles of four catalogues of gonadal development-related genes (sex differentiation-related, steroid receptor, steroidogenic, and structural genes) were detected in nine tissues and during 11 successive developmental stages in the pengze crucian carp (pcc) (a triploid mono-female gynogenic fish). the results showed that these target genes exhibited overlapping distributions in various tissues, with the exception of pcc-vasa ... | 2016 | 27051032 |
| doctor, can i desensitize my food-allergic child using directly the allergenic molecules? | food allergy has risen in prevalence worldwide and is one of the main causes of anaphylaxis, especially in children. the only possible therapeutic approach is specific immunotherapy. this review describes the recent approaches using allergenic molecules for specific immunotherapy. | 2016 | 27031674 |
| quality control outcomes analysis of small-incision lenticule extraction for myopia by a novice surgeon at the first refractive surgery unit in nepal during the first 2 years of operation. | to evaluate the outcomes of small-incision lenticule extraction for myopia using the visumax femtosecond laser at the first refractive surgery unit in nepal during the first 30 months of operation. | 2016 | 27026452 |
| bioaccumulation of metals in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) from water bodies of anatolia (turkey): a review with implications for fisheries and human food consumption. | although fish is widely consumed by humans for its nutritional properties, accumulation of heavy metals can pose serious health hazards. widespread common carp cyprinus carpio is cultured worldwide and represents an economically important species for fisheries in several countries. these include turkey, where c. carpio often makes for a large part of the sales of the locally marketed fish and also for a traditional dish. this study provides a review of bioaccumulation of metals in tissues of c. ... | 2016 | 27007291 |
| the effect of encapsulated fennel extracts on the quality of silver carp fillets during refrigerated storage. | the effect of fennel extract on the quality of silver carp (hypophthalmicthys molitrix) fillets, and the possible efficacy of liposomal encapsulation in the improvement of its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity during chilled storage (4 + 1°c) of the fillets were examined over a period of 15 days. silver carp fillets were treated with pure fennel extract (0.3% and 0.5% w/v) and liposomal encapsulated fennel extract (0.3% and 0.5% w/v), and their quality changes in terms of total volatile bas ... | 2016 | 27004119 |
| substrate specificity of proteolytic activity in the testes fluid and seminal plasma of the common carp cyprinus carpio. | substrate specificity in the seminal plasma and testes fluids of the common carp cyprinus carpio was determined using gelatin, casein, albumin and haemoglobin. proteolytic profiles of the testes and seminal plasma were compared. different ranges of ph (5·5-9·5) and temperature (4-37° c) were used during incubations of seminal plasma proteinases. differences in proteolytic activity between testes and seminal plasma may reflect specific functions of the testes and sperm ducts in semen production. ... | 2016 | 27001550 |
| estimating the dna strand breakage using a fuzzy inference system and agarose gel electrophoresis, a case study with toothed carp aphanius sophiae exposed to cypermethrin. | the dna breakage has been widely used in ecotoxicological studies to investigate effects of pesticides in fishes. the present study used a fuzzy inference system to quantify the breakage of dna double strand in aphanius sophiae exposed to the cypermethrin. the specimens were adapted to different temperatures and salinity for 14 days and then exposed to cypermethrin. dna of each specimens were extracted, electrophoresed and photographed. a fuzzy system with three input variables and 27 rules were ... | 2016 | 27000282 |
| expression profile of carp ifn correlate with the up-regulation of interferon regulatory factor-1 (irf-1) in vivo and in vitro: the pivotal molecules in antiviral defense. | interferon regulatory factors (irfs) are a family of transcription factors that mediate the transcriptional regulation of interferon (ifn) genes and ifn-inducible genes. in this study, irf-1 gene is cloned from the common carp, cyprinus carpio l., named ccirf-1. the full-length cdna of ccirf-1 is 1427 bp, including an open reading frame of 861 bp encoding a protein of 286 amino acids. the putative ccirf-1 is characterized by a conserved dna-binding domain and includes a signature of six conserve ... | 2016 | 26993613 |
| targeted disruption of sp7 and myostatin with crispr-cas9 results in severe bone defects and more muscular cells in common carp. | the common carp (cyprinus carpio) as one of the most important aquaculture fishes produces over 3 million metric tones annually, approximately 10% the annual production of the all farmed freshwater fish worldwide. however, the tetraploidy genome and long generation-time of the common carp have made its breeding and genetic studies extremely difficult. here, talen and crispr-cas9, two versatile genome-editing tools, are employed to target common carp bone-related genes sp7, runx2, bmp2a, spp1, op ... | 2016 | 26976234 |
| stimulation of spermiation by human chorionic gonadotropin and carp pituitary extract in grass puffer, takifugu niphobles. | spermiation was stimulated in the mature grass puffer, takifugu niphobles, with an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) or carp pituitary extract (cpe). spermatocrit and sperm density were reduced, but milt production was increased in both the hcg and cpe treatment groups relative to those in the control group (p <0.05). these results should be useful for increasing the fertilization efficiency in grass puffer breeding programs. | 2015 | 26973977 |
| autoantibodies in inflammatory arthritis. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease characterized by extensive synovitis resulting in erosions of articular cartilage and marginal bone with joint destruction. the lack of immunological tolerance in ra represents the first step toward the development of autoimmunity. susceptible individuals, under the influence of environmental factors, such as tobacco smoke, and silica exposure, develop autoimmune phenomena that result in the presence of autoantibodies. hla and ... | 2016 | 26970491 |
| data in the activities of caspases and the levels of reactive oxygen species and cytochrome c in the •oh-induced fish erythrocytes treated with alanine, citrulline, proline and their combination. | the present study explored the effects of alanine (ala), citrulline (cit), proline (pro) and their combination (ala10pro4cit1) on the activities of caspases and levels of reactive oxygen species (ros) and cytochrome c in hydroxyl radicals (•oh)-induced carp erythrocytes. the data displayed that •oh induced the increases in the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 and the levels of ros and cytochrome c in carp erythrocytes. however, ala, cit, pro and ala10pro4cit1 effectively suppress ... | 2016 | 26952131 |
| tissue specific metal characterization of selected fish species in pakistan. | concentration of various metals, i.e., zinc (zn), copper (cu), lead (pb), nickel (ni), iron (fe), manganese (mn), chromium (cr), and silver (ag), was evaluated in five indigenous fish species (namely, silver carp, common carp, mahseer, thela fish, and rainbow trout), by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. it is proved from this study that, overall, mahseer and rainbow trout had high amount of zinc, whereas thela fish and silver carp had high concentration of copper, chromium, silver, nick ... | 2016 | 26951449 |
| role of anti-carbamylated protein antibodies compared to anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in indigenous north americans with rheumatoid arthritis, their first-degree relatives, and healthy controls. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies, including seropositivity for rheumatoid factor (rf) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (acpas). in addition, antibodies to carbamylated proteins (anti-carp) are present in patients with ra and are associated with joint damage. this study was undertaken to assess the presence of anti-carp antibodies in indigenous north americans (first nations [fn] populations) with ra compared to their at-risk first-degree relat ... | 2016 | 26946484 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of thelohanellus macrovacuolaris n. sp. (myxosporea: bivalvulida) infecting the palate in the mouth of common carp cyprinus carpio l. in china. | thelohanellus macrovacuolaris n. sp. is described during a survey on myxozoan diversity of common carp cyprinus carpio l. in china. it is characterized by the presence of round or ellipsoidal plasmodium in the palate in the mouth of host. mature spores were pyriform in frontal view, lemon shaped in lateral view, measuring 21.6±0.9 (19.3-23.8) long, 12.5±0.7 (10.3-13.6) wide, and 10.2±0.4 (9.8-11.8) thick. most spores were surrounded by the membrane sheath. single polar capsule was round with an ... | 2016 | 26939982 |
| molecular mechanism of endocrine system impairment by 17α-methyltestosterone in gynogenic pengze crucian carp offspring. | the effects of synthetic androgen 17α-methyltestosterone (mt) on endocrine impairment were examined in crucian carp. immature 7-month old mono-female pengze crucian carp (pcc) f2 offspring were exposed to 50 and 100 μg/l of mt (week 2, 4, and 8). gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and intestine weight altered considerably and oocyte development was repressed. in the treatment groups, ovarian 11-ketotestosterone decreased, whereas 17β-estradiol and testosterone increased, and ovarian aromat ... | 2016 | 26938152 |
| effect of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and proximate composition of common carp, cyprinus carpio. | the experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chicken manure and inorganic fertilizer (single super phosphate and urea) on growth performance viz. increase in wet body weight, length, specific growth rate (sgr), condition factor (cf), survival rate and proximate composition of cyprinus carpio. experimental water in tubs was treated in duplicates with low (pt) @8000 kgha , medium (pt2) @10,000 kgha(-1) and high (pt) @12,000 kg/ha doses of chicken manure and also with low, medium and high ... | 2016 | 26930873 |
| motility of carp spermatozoa is associated with profound changes in the sperm proteome. | in freshwater cyprinids, spermatozoa are quiescent in seminal plasma and sperm motility is initiated by a decrease in osmolality (hypo-osmotic shock) after discharge into the aqueous environment. however, it is unknown at present if and to what extent changes in proteins are involved in carp sperm motility. therefore, the aim of our study was to identify proteins related to carp sperm motility through a comparison of immobilized and activated carp spermatozoa using a 2d-dige approach. our result ... | 2016 | 26926441 |
| effect of 4-week feeding of deoxynivalenol- or t-2-toxin-contaminated diet on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system in the hepatopancreas of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the purpose of study was to investigate the effects of t-2 toxin (4.11 mg t-2 toxin and 0.45 mg ht-2 toxin kg(-1) feed) and deoxynivalenol (5.96 and 0.33 mg 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (don) kg(-1) feed) in 1-year-old common carp juveniles in a 4-week feeding trial. the exposure of mycotoxins resulted in increased mortality in both groups consuming mycotoxin-contaminated diet. parameters of lipid peroxidation were not affected during the trial, and antioxidant defence also did not show response to ... | 2016 | 26920403 |
| comparative movements of four large fish species in a lowland river. | a multi-year radio-telemetry data set was used to comparatively examine the concurrent movements of the adults of three large-bodied australian native freshwater fishes (murray cod maccullochella peelii, trout cod maccullochella macquariensis and golden perch macquaria ambigua) and the introduced carp cyprinus carpio. the study was conducted over a reach scale in the regulated murray river in south-eastern australia. differences were identified in the movements among these species. the predomina ... | 2016 | 26919062 |
| fullerene inhibits benzo(a)pyrene efflux from cyprinus carpio hepatocytes by affecting cell membrane fluidity and p-glycoprotein expression. | p-glycoprotein (p-gp) can protect cells by pumping out toxic compounds, and has been found widely expressed in fish tissues. here, we illustrate the p-gp efflux ability for benzo(a)pyrene (bap) in the hepatocytes of common carp (cyprinus carpio) after exposing to fullerene aqueous suspension (nc60). the results revealed that nc60 increased the membrane fluidity by decreasing the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids, and increased the cholesterol contents. these findings, combined with 1 ... | 2016 | 26918948 |
| phase i metabolism of 3-methylindole, an environmental pollutant, by hepatic microsomes from carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | we studied the in vitro metabolism of 3-methylindole (3mi) in hepatic microsomes from fish. hepatic microsomes from juvenile and adult carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were included in the study. incubation of 3mi with hepatic microsomes revealed the time-dependent formation of two major metabolites, 3-methyloxindole (3moi) and indole-3-carbinol (i3c). the rate of 3moi production was similar in both species at both ages. no differences in kinetic parameters were obs ... | 2016 | 26915592 |
| [pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of pahs in water and fishes from daqing lakes]. | the concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in 30 water samples and 5 tissues (gill, liver, brain, kidney and muscle) of 36 fishes which were collected from 18 typical lakes of the daqing lakes group, china were measured between february and april 2012. the results of pahs concentrations in the water showed that the range of total concentrations was 0.2-1.21 μg x l(-1) and the highest concentration was found in the yueliangpao lake. clustering analysis of statistical method ... | 2015 | 26911021 |
| applying attenuated total reflection-mid-infrared (atr-mir) spectroscopy to detect hairtail surimi in mixed surimi and their surimi products. | atr-mir spectroscopic analysis was used to classify sliver carp surimi and surimi products adulterated with different levels of hairtail surimi. five chemometric methods, including simca (soft independent modeling class of analogies), knn (k-nearest neighbor), svr (support vector machines regression), plsda (partial least squares discriminate analysis) and id3 (interative dicremiser version 3) decision tree were used to build the classifying models. and the performances of the models were compar ... | 2015 | 26904846 |
| autotetraploid cell line induced by sp600125 from crucian carp and its developmental potentiality. | polyploidy has many advantages over diploidy, such as rapid growth, sterility, and disease resistance, and has been extensively applied in agriculture and aquaculture. though generation of new polyploids via polyploidization has been achieved in plants by different ways, it is comparatively rare in animals. in this article, by a chemical compound, sp600125, polyploidization is induced in fish cells in vitro, and a stable autotetraploid cell line has been generated from diploid fibroblast cells o ... | 2016 | 26898354 |
| effects of mannan oligosaccharide supplementation on growth, some immune responses and gut lactic acid bacteria of common carp (cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. | this study was conducted to determine the effects of mannan oligosaccharide (mos) on growth, some immune responses and gut lactic acid bacteria of common carp. four experimental diets containing 0%, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.20% mos were prepared. each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish with initial average weight of approximately 14 g. after eight weeks, survival rate was high in all treatments with no significant difference (p > 0.05). growth performance including final weight, ... | 2015 | 26893815 |
| mercury concentrations in common carp (cyprinus carpio) tissues, sediment and water from fish farm along the karoun river in iran. | the karoun river is major source of water for warmwater fish culture industry in southwest of iran. the aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of mercury in tissues of marketable common carp and in bottom sediments of fish farms in khouzestan province. this study was carried out on 45 fish farms that are located on the bank of the karoun river in khouzestan province, south-west iran. concentration of mercury (hg) was determined using spectrophotometery in three tissues (mu ... | 2015 | 26893811 |
| does serotonin-modulating anticonsolidation protein (smap) influence the choice of turning direction in carps, cyprinus carpio, in a t-maze? | serotonin-modulating anticonsolidation protein (smap) can impair the formation of memory traces in mammals and fish. we have studied the influence of smap on behavioral lateralization of juvenile carps cyprinus carpio in a t-maze without food reinforcement in three experimental groups (n = 8 each): (1) negative control (intact animals); (2) experimental group (fish injected icv with smap; 2 μl, 1.2 mg ml(-1)) and (3) active control group (fish injected icv with inactivated smap). the behavioral ... | 2016 | 26874505 |
| aquatic hazard, bioaccumulation and screening risk assessment for ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate. | the fluoropolymer manufacturing industry is moving to alternative polymerization processing aid technologies with more favorable toxicological and environmental profiles as part of a commitment to curtail the use of long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas). to facilitate the environmental product stewardship assessment and premanufacture notification (pmn) process for a candidate replacement chemical, we conducted acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests to evaluate the toxicity of ammonium 2,3,3 ... | 2016 | 26874062 |
| purification and characterization of a fish granzymea involved in cell-mediated immunity. | granzymes are serine proteases involved in the induction of cell death against non-self cells. the enzymes differ in their primary substrate specificity and have one of four hydrolysis activities: tryptase, asp-ase, met-ase and chymase. although granzyme genes have been isolated from several fishes, evidence for their involvement in cytotoxicity has not yet been reported. in the present study, we attempted to purify and characterize a fish granzyme involved in cytotoxicity using ginbuna crucian ... | 2016 | 26872543 |
| quality changes and predictive models of radial basis function neural networks for brined common carp (cyprinus carpio) fillets during frozen storage. | to investigate and predict quality of 2% brined common carp (cyprinus carpio) fillets during frozen storage, free fatty acids (ffa), salt extractable protein (sep), total sulfhydryl (sh) content, and ca(2+)-atpase activity were determined at 261 k, 253 k, and 245 k, respectively. there was a dramatic increase (p<0.05) in ffa and a sharp decrease (p<0.05) in sh at 261 k during the first 3 weeks. sep decreased to 67.31% after 17 weeks at 245 k, whereas it took about 7 weeks and 13 weeks to decreas ... | 2016 | 26868584 |
| molecular cloning and expression determination of p38 mapk from the liver and kidney of silver carp. | the sequence of p38mapk in silver carp (hm-p38a) was cloned and sequenced. additionally, the acute toxicity of crude microcystins (mcs) on silver carp and induction expression of hm-p38a by mcs exposure were also determined in this study. the results reveal that the length of hm-p38a is 2418 bp and it contains a 1086 bp open reading frame. hm-p38a could encode 361 amino acids. sequence analysis indicates that hm-p38a contains the conserved structures of thr-gly-tyr motif and substrate binding si ... | 2016 | 26866509 |
| rheumatoid factor isotypes in relation to antibodies against citrullinated peptides and carbamylated proteins before the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. | the presence of rheumatoid factor (rf), anti-carbamylated protein antibodies (anti-carp) and antibodies against citrullinated protein and peptides (acpa) precedes the onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) by several years. relationships between the development of these antibodies are not obvious. | 2016 | 26860413 |
| effect of common carp (cyprinus carpio) tlr9 overexpression on the expression of downstream interferon-associated immune factor mrnas in epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns (pamps) and play an important role in the antiviral response. to determine the effect of common carp tlr9 (cctlr9) overexpression on the expression of down-stream interferon associated immune factors in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (epc) cells, may provide useful information for the further investigation on the anti-virus effect mediated by tlr9 in fish. in this s ... | 2016 | 26848048 |
| editing of the luteinizing hormone gene to sterilize channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, using a modified zinc finger nuclease technology with electroporation. | channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) is the most important freshwater aquaculture species in the usa. genetically enhanced fish that are sterile could both profit the catfish industry and reduce potential environmental and ecological risks. as the first step to generate sterile channel catfish, three sets of zinc finger nuclease (zfn) plasmids targeting the luteinizing hormone (lh) gene were designed and electroporated into one-cell embryos, different concentrations were introduced, and the cel ... | 2016 | 26846523 |
| [distribution characteristics and potential risk of cbs in aquatic organisms from typical epidemic areas of schistosomiasis prevalence]. | eleven mollusca samples and 32 fish samples were collected from typical epidemic areas of schistosomiasis prevalence. the contents of 12 cb congeners in aquatic organism samples were measured using the gc/ms technique. the results indicated that 1,3-dic, 1,4-dic, 1,2-dic and hcb were the most predominant cb congeners in the samples from the studying area. the geometric average of cbs in muscle of mollusca was 11 947 ng x g(-1) lipid weight. the summarized concentration of cbs in fish muscle rang ... | 2015 | 26841624 |