| [vibrio spp. infections of clinical significance and implication for public health]. | vibrio spp. infections still are a public health concern. vibrio spp. can be found in marine, estuarine, and freshwater environments, and can be able to cause diseases in fish, shellfish, mammals, as well as in humans. since '80 to date, the number of species within the genus increased from 21 to more than 100. the most important is vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of the cholera, responsible of seven pandemics; serotypes o1 and o139 can produce cholera toxin, while serotypes non-o1/non-o1 ... | 2014 | 22670341 |
| light-scattering sensor for real-time identification of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio vulnificus and vibrio cholerae colonies on solid agar plate. | the three most common pathogenic species of vibrio, vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus, are of major concerns due to increased incidence of water- and seafood-related outbreaks and illness worldwide. current methods are lengthy and require biochemical and molecular confirmation. a novel label-free forward light-scattering sensor was developed to detect and identify colonies of these three pathogens in real time in the presence of other vibrios in food or water samples ... | 2012 | 22613192 |
| sequence analyses of type iv pili from vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus. | bacterial surface structures called pili have been studied extensively for their role as possible colonization factors. most sequenced vibrio genomes predict a variety of pili genes in these organisms, including several types of type iv pili. in particular, the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (msha) and the pila pili, also known as the chitin-regulated pilus (chirp), are type iva pili commonly found in vibrio genomes and have been shown to play a role in the colonization of vibrio species in the ... | 2012 | 22383120 |
| sialic acid catabolism and transport gene clusters are lineage specific in vibrio vulnificus. | sialic or nonulosonic acids are nine-carbon alpha ketosugars that are present in all vertebrate mucous membranes. among bacteria, the ability to catabolize sialic acid as a carbon source is present mainly in pathogenic and commensal species of animals. previously, it was shown that several vibrio species carry homologues of the genes required for sialic acid transport and catabolism, which are genetically linked. in vibrio cholerae on chromosome i, these genes are carried on the vibrio pathogeni ... | 2012 | 22344665 |
| the iron-dependent regulator fur controls pheromone signaling systems and luminescence in the squid symbiont vibrio fischeri es114. | bacteria often use pheromones to coordinate group behaviors in specific environments. while high cell density is required for pheromones to achieve stimulatory levels, environmental cues can also influence pheromone accumulation and signaling. for the squid symbiont vibrio fischeri es114, bioluminescence requires pheromone-mediated regulation, and this signaling is induced in the host to a greater extent than in culture, even at an equivalent cell density. our goal is to better understand this e ... | 2013 | 23315731 |
| detection and antimicrobial resistance of vibrio isolates in aquaculture environments: implications for public health. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of vibrio isolates recovered from four different fish pond facilities in benin city, nigeria, determine their antibiogram profiles, and evaluate the public health implications of these findings. fish pond water samples were collected from four sampling sites between march and september 2014. a total of 56 samples were collected and screened for the isolation of vibrio species using standard culture-based methods. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) ... | 2016 | 26540391 |
| prevalence and characterisation of non-cholerae vibrio spp. in final effluents of wastewater treatment facilities in two districts of the eastern cape province of south africa: implications for public health. | vibrios and other enteric pathogens can be found in wastewater effluents of a healthy population. we assessed the prevalence of three non-cholerae vibrios in wastewater effluents of 14 wastewater treatment plants (wwtp) in chris hani and amathole district municipalities in the eastern cape province of south africa for a period of 12 months. with the exception of wwtp10 where presumptive vibrios were not detected in summer and spring, presumptive vibrios were detected in all seasons in other wwtp ... | 2015 | 25167817 |
| the fur-iron complex modulates expression of the quorum-sensing master regulator, smcr, to control expression of virulence factors in vibrio vulnificus. | the gene vvpe, encoding the virulence factor elastase, is a member of the quorum-sensing regulon in vibrio vulnificus and displays enhanced expression at high cell density. we observed that this gene was repressed under iron-rich conditions and that the repression was due to a fur (ferric uptake regulator)-dependent repression of smcr, a gene encoding a quorum-sensing master regulator with similarity to luxr in vibrio harveyi. a gel mobility shift assay and a footprinting experiment demonstrated ... | 2013 | 23716618 |
| prevention of quorum-sensing-mediated biofilm development and virulence factors production in vibrio spp. by curcumin. | the increasing occurrence of disease outbreaks caused by vibrio spp. and the emergence of antibiotic resistance has led to a growing interest in finding alternative strategies to prevent vibriosis. since the pathogenicity of vibrios is controlled in part by quorum-sensing (qs) system, interfering with this mechanism would prevent the pathogenicity of vibrios without developing resistance. hence, a non-toxic phytochemical curcumin from curcuma longa was assessed for its potential in reducing the ... | 2013 | 23354447 |
| cyclic amp and cyclic amp-receptor protein modulate the autoinducer-2-mediated quorum sensing system in vibrio vulnificus. | this study was undertaken to determine whether cyclic amp (camp) or camp-receptor protein (crp) modulates the activity of the autoinducer (ai)-2-mediated quorum sensing (qs) system in response to glucose availability in vibrio vulnificus. a mutation in crp impaired v. vulnificus growth, decreased ai-2 production, and repressed the expression of smcr encoding the master regulator smcr (a vibrio harveyi luxr homolog) of the ai-2-qs system, and these changes were prevented by in trans complementati ... | 2012 | 22961036 |
| high salinity relaying to reduce vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in chesapeake bay oysters (crassostrea virginica). | cases of vibrio infections in the united states have tripled from 1996 to 2009 and these infections are most often associated with the consumption of seafood, particularly oysters (crassostrea virginica). information is needed on how to reduce numbers of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in bi-valve molluscan shellfish (for example, oysters). the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high salinity relaying or treatment in recirculating aquaculture systems (rass) ... | 2017 | 28099766 |
| first multi-year retrospective study on vibrio parhaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus prevalence in ruditapes philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, italy. | the present work describes a retrospective study aiming to verify a possible correlation between the environmental conditions (temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen), the abundance of vibrio spp., and the prevalence of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in the manila clam r. philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, emilia-romagna region, northern italy. on the whole, 104 samples, collected in the period 2007-2015 and submitted to microbiological analyses (isolation and genotyping), have ... | 2016 | 28058248 |
| differences in abundances of total vibrio spp., v. vulnificus, and v. parahaemolyticus in clams and oysters in north carolina. | filter feeding shellfish can concentrate pathogenic bacteria, including vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus, as much as 100-fold from the overlying water. these shellfish, especially clams and oysters, are often consumed raw, providing a route of entry for concentrated doses of pathogenic bacteria into the human body. the numbers of foodborne infections with these microbes are increasing, and a better understanding of the conditions that might trigger elevated concentrations of these b ... | 2017 | 27793822 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in south america: water, seafood and human infections. | the bacterial species, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus, are ubiquitous in estuaries and coastal waters throughout the world, but they also happen to be important human pathogens. they are concentrated by filter-feeding shellfish which are often consumed raw or undercooked, providing an important potential route of entry for an infective dose of these bacteria. vibrio parahaemolyticus can cause abdominal cramping, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, chills and fever. vibrio vulnificus can ... | 2016 | 27459915 |
| effects of intertidal harvest practices on levels of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus bacteria in oysters. | vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus can grow rapidly in shellfish subjected to ambient air conditions, such as during intertidal exposure. in this study, levels of total and pathogenic (tdh(+) and/or trh(+)) v. parahaemolyticus and total v. vulnificus were determined in oysters collected from two study locations where intertidal harvest practices are common. samples were collected directly off intertidal flats, after exposure (ambient air [washington state] or refrigerated [new jersey] ... | 2016 | 27208133 |
| antibiotic resistance of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in various countries: a review. | vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus are the leading causes of seafood associated infections and mortality in the united states. the main syndromes caused by these pathogens are gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia. this article reviewed the antibiotic resistance profile of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in the united states and other countries including italy, brazil, philippines, malaysia, thailand, china, india, iran, south africa and australia. the awareness of a ... | 2016 | 27052711 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus by multiple endonuclease restriction real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique. | vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus are two marine seafood-borne pathogens causing severe illnesses in humans and aquatic animals. in this study, a recently developed novel multiple endonuclease restriction real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology (mert-lamp) were successfully developed and evaluated for simultaneous detection of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus strains in only a single reaction. two mert-lamp primer sets were designed to specifically target tox ... | 2016 | 26797596 |
| assessing the function of stas domain protein sypa in vibrio fischeri using a comparative analysis. | colonization of the squid euprymna scolopes by vibrio fischeri requires biofilm formation dependent on the 18-gene symbiosis polysaccharide locus, syp. one key regulator, sypa, controls biofilm formation by an as-yet unknown mechanism; however, it is known that sypa itself is regulated by sype. biofilm-proficient strains form wrinkled colonies on solid media, while sypa mutants form biofilm-defective smooth colonies. to begin to understand the function of sypa, we used comparative analyses and m ... | 2015 | 26284045 |
| effects of dry storage and resubmersion of oysters on total vibrio vulnificus and total and pathogenic (tdh+/trh+) vibrio parahaemolyticus levels. | vibrio vulnificus (vv) and vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp) are the two leading causes of bacterial illnesses associated with raw shellfish consumption. levels of these pathogens in oysters can increase during routine antifouling aquaculture practices involving dry storage in ambient air conditions. after storage, common practice is to resubmerge these stored oysters to reduce elevated vv and vp levels, but evidence proving the effectiveness of this practice is lacking. this study examined the chang ... | 2015 | 26219373 |
| suspension of oysters reduces the populations of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp) and vibrio vulnificus (vv) are associated with the consumption of raw oysters and cause illnesses ranging from simple gastroenteritis to life-threatening septicaemia. these halophilic bacteria are frequently found in marine and estuarine systems, accumulating within the tissues of a number of aquatic organisms and passing on to humans after consumption, through contaminated water, or via open wounds. as benthic organisms capable of filtering 40 gallons of water per h ... | 2015 | 26031606 |
| recreational swimmers' exposure to vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus in the chesapeake bay, maryland, usa. | vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus are ubiquitous in the marine-estuarine environment, but the magnitude of human non-ingestion exposure to these waterborne pathogens is largely unknown. we evaluated the magnitude of dermal exposure to v. vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus among swimmers recreating in vibrio-populated waters by conducting swim studies at four swimming locations in the chesapeake bay in 2009 and 2011. volunteers (n=31) swam for set time periods, and surface water (n=25 ... | 2015 | 25454225 |
| development of a matrix tool for the prediction of vibrio species in oysters harvested from north carolina. | the united states has federal regulations in place to reduce the risk of seafood-related infection caused by the estuarine bacteria vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus. however, data to support the development of regulations have been generated in a very few specific regions of the nation. more regionally specific data are needed to further understand the dynamics of human infection relating to shellfish-harvesting conditions in other areas. in this study, oysters and water were collec ... | 2015 | 25452288 |
| temperature effect on high salinity depuration of vibrio vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus from the eastern oyster (crassostrea virginica). | vibrio vulnificus (vv) and vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp) are opportunistic human pathogens naturally associated with the eastern oyster crassostrea virginica. the abundances of both pathogens in oysters are positively correlated with temperature, thus ingestion of raw oysters during the warm summer months is a risk factor for contracting illness from these bacteria. current post-harvest processing (php) methods for elimination of these pathogens are expensive and kill the oyster, changing their o ... | 2015 | 25310264 |
| occurrence of vibrio vulnificus and toxigenic vibrio parahaemolyticus on sea catfishes from galveston bay, texas. | dorsal and pectoral fin spines from two species of sea catfishes (bagre marinus and ariopsis felis) landed at 54 sites in galveston bay, texas, and its sub-bays from june to october 2005 were screened with traditional cultivation-based assays and quantitative pcr assays for vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus. v. vulnificus was present on 51.2% of fish (n = 247), with an average of 403 ± 337 sd cells g(-1). v. parahaemolyticus was present on 94.2% (n = 247); 12.8% tested positive for t ... | 2014 | 25285498 |
| occurrence of potentially pathogenic vibrio in oysters (crassostrea gigas) and waters from bivalve mollusk cultivations in the south bay of santa catarina. | this research aimed to identify and quantify potentially pathogenic vibrio from different cultivations of bivalve shellfish in the state of santa catarina, brazil, and water regions in the south bay, as well as correlate the incidence of these microorganisms with the physicochemical parameters of marine waters. | 2014 | 25075484 |
| prevalence of vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus in blue crabs (callinectes sapidus), seawater and sediments of the maryland coastal bays. | to determine the prevalence of total and pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp) and v. vulnificus (vv) in blue crabs, water and sediment from the maryland coastal bays (mcbs), usa. | 2014 | 25066367 |
| the effect of storage time on vibrio spp. and fecal indicator bacteria in an isco autosampler. | monitoring concentrations of bacterial pathogens and indicators of fecal contamination in coastal and estuarine ecosystems is critical to reduce adverse effects to public health. during storm events, particularly hurricanes, floods, nor'easters, and tropical cyclones, sampling of coastal and estuarine waters is not generally possible due to safety concerns. it is particularly important to monitor waters during these periods as it is at precisely these times that pathogenic bacteria such as vibri ... | 2014 | 25008356 |
| occurrence of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in retail raw oysters from the eastern coast of thailand. | occurrence, population density and virulence of vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in 240 retail raw oysters collected monthly between march 2010 and february 2011 from ang sila coast, chon buri province, thailand were determined using most probable number (mpn) multiplex pcr. multiplex pcr detected v. parahaemolyticus in 219 raw oyster samples, of which 29 samples contained the virulence tdh. mpn values for v. parahaemolyticus and pathogenic strains in most samples ranged from 10 to 10(2 ... | 2014 | 24974651 |
| impact of hurricane irene on vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus concentrations in surface water, sediment, and cultured oysters in the chesapeake bay, md, usa. | to determine if a storm event (i.e., high winds, large volumes of precipitation) could alter concentrations of vibrio vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus in aquacultured oysters (crassostrea virginica) and associated surface water and sediment, this study followed a sampling timeline before and after hurricane irene impacted the chesapeake bay estuary in late august 2011. aquacultured oysters were sampled from two levels in the water column: surface (0.3 m) and near-bottom (just above the sedimen ... | 2014 | 24847319 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus recovered from recreational and commercial areas of chesapeake bay and maryland coastal bays. | vibrio vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus in the estuarine-marine environment are of human health significance and may be increasing in pathogenicity and abundance. vibrio illness originating from dermal contact with vibrio laden waters or through ingestion of seafood originating from such waters can cause deleterious health effects, particularly if the strains involved are resistant to clinically important antibiotics. the purpose of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility among ... | 2014 | 24586914 |
| occurrence and distribution of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus--potential roles for fish, oyster, sediment and water. | vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus are gram-negative marine bacteria naturally found in estuaries such as the gulf of mexico and can be pathogenic to humans. we quantified both of these organisms in fish, oyster, sediment, and water using culture-independent (quantitative pcr; qpcr) and culture-dependent (direct plating-colony hybridization; dp-ch) techniques during the transition period between winter and spring. we correlated these levels to environmental conditions and to abundance ... | 2014 | 24571291 |
| vibrio vulnificus bacteriophage ssp002 as a possible biocontrol agent. | a novel vibrio vulnificus-infecting bacteriophage, ssp002, belonging to the siphoviridae family, was isolated from the coastal area of the yellow sea of south korea. host range analysis revealed that the growth inhibition of phage ssp002 is relatively specific to v. vulnificus strains from both clinical and environmental samples. in addition, a one-step growth curve analysis and a bacteriophage stability test revealed a latent period of 65 min, a burst size of 23 ± 2 pfu, as well as broad temper ... | 2014 | 24212569 |
| the syp enhancer sequence plays a key role in transcriptional activation by the σ54-dependent response regulator sypg and in biofilm formation and host colonization by vibrio fischeri. | biofilm formation by vibrio fischeri is a complex process that requires multiple regulators. one such regulator, the ntrc-like response regulator sypg, controls biofilm formation and host colonization by v. fischeri via its impact on transcription of the symbiosis polysaccharide (syp) locus. sypg is predicted to activate syp transcription by binding to the syp enhancer (se), a conserved sequence located upstream of four syp promoters. in this study, we performed an in-depth analysis of the seque ... | 2013 | 24097942 |
| a pentaplex pcr assay for detection and characterization of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates. | vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus are the leading causes of seafood-related illnesses and also can cause wound infections. these bacteria often co-exist in marine and estuarine environments. however, there have been no reported protocols that can detect and characterize (i.e. pathogenic or nonpathogenic) them in a single pcr. in this study, we developed a ppcr assay with a combination of two species-specific and three pathogenic-specific pcr primers to simultaneously detect virulent ... | 2013 | 23682646 |
| effects of pre- or post-processing storage conditions on high-hydrostatic pressure inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in oysters. | the effects of storage conditions on subsequent high-hydrostatic pressure (hhp) inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in oysters were investigated. live oysters were inoculated with v. parahaemolyticus or v. vulnificus to ca. 7-8 log mpn/g by feeding and stored at varying conditions (i.e., 21 or 35 °c for 5h, 4 or 10 °c for 1 and 2 days and -18 °c for 2 weeks). oyster meats were then treated at 225-300 mpa for 2 min at 4, 21 or 35 °c. hhp at 300 mpa for 2 min achieved a > ... | 2013 | 23545264 |
| preliminary study of transplanting as a process for reducing levels of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus in shellstock oysters. | increasingly strict standards for harvest of oysters for the raw, half-shell market (designated as "white tag") should increase the proportion of oysters not meeting these standards (designated as "green tag"). transplanting of green tag oysters into highsalinity waters (>20 practical salinity units) was explored as a means of returning vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus levels to levels present on initial harvest. in summer 2011, oysters originally harvested in louisiana were transpl ... | 2013 | 23317866 |
| the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of hen igy against vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus. | the inhibitory effect of igy against vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus responsible for seafood-borne diseases was investigated in this study. water-soluble fractions (wsf) of protein containing igys were isolated from the egg yolk of hens initially immunized with formalin inactivated v. parahaemolyticus or v. vulnificus. protein, total and specific igy contents of the wsf were determined. the inhibitory and protective effects of igys on the growth of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnif ... | 2012 | 23075795 |
| predatory bacteria as natural modulators of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in seawater and oysters. | this study shows that naturally occurring vibrio predatory bacteria (vpb) exert a major role in controlling pathogenic vibrios in seawater and shellfish. the growth and persistence of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus were assessed in natural seawater and in the eastern oyster, crassostrea virginica. the pathogens examined were v. vulnificus strain vv1003, v. parahaemolyticus o1:kut (kut stands for k untypeable), and v. parahaemolyticus o3:k6 and corresponding o3:k6 mutants deficient ... | 2012 | 22904049 |
| ecology of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in the coastal and estuarine waters of louisiana, maryland, mississippi, and washington (united states). | vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus, which are native to estuaries globally, are agents of seafood-borne or wound infections, both potentially fatal. like all vibrios autochthonous to coastal regions, their abundance varies with changes in environmental parameters. sea surface temperature (sst), sea surface height (ssh), and chlorophyll have been shown to be predictors of zooplankton and thus factors linked to vibrio populations. the contribution of salinity, conductivity, turbidity, a ... | 2012 | 22865080 |
| depuration of oysters (crassostrea gigas) contaminated with vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus with uv light and chlorinated seawater. | the efficacy of depuration using uv light and chlorinated seawater for decontaminating vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus from oysters was investigated. oysters were contaminated with a five-strain cocktail of v. parahaemolyticus or v. vulnificus to levels of 10(4) to 10(5) cfu ml(-1) for bioaccumulation. the depuration was conducted in a closed system in which 350 liters of seawater was recirculated at a rate of 7 liters/min for 48 h at room temperature. counts of v. parahaemolyticus ... | 2012 | 22856577 |
| inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in oysters by high-hydrostatic pressure and mild heat. | several recent outbreaks associated with oysters have heightened safety concerns of raw shellfish consumptions, with the majority being attributed to vibrio spp. the objective of this study was to determine the effect of high-hydrostatic pressure (hhp) followed by mild heating on the inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in live oysters. inoculated oysters were randomly subjected to: a) pressurization at 200-300 mpa for 2 min at 21 °c, b) mild heat treatment at 40, 45 or ... | 2012 | 22850390 |
| dna array with the groesl intergenic sequence to detect vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus. | the untranscribed dna sequences of the intergenic spacer regions (isrs) in the groesl gene of 23 vibrio species were determined and compared. isr sequence length (41-85 bp) was variable. vibrio species could be divided into three groups according to the length and homology of their isr sequences. dna array hybridization using isr-specific probes accurately distinguished vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus from other species. | 2012 | 22342881 |
| environmental occurrence and clinical impact of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus: a european perspective. | vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus are ubiquitous gram-negative bacterial pathogens found naturally in marine and estuarine waters, and are a leading cause of seafood-associated bacterial illness. these pathogens are commonly reported in the usa and in many asian countries, including china, japan and taiwan; however, there is growing concern that v. vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus may represent an important and increasing clinical problem in europe. several factors underlie the nee ... | 2010 | 23765993 |
| clinical features and treatment of patients with vibrio vulnificus infection. | infections with vibrio vulnificus are commonly fatal, and the speed and accuracy of diagnosis and treatment is directly linked to mortality. the main aims of this study were to investigate the clinical characteristics of six patients with v. vulnificus infections retrospectively and to determine the effect of treatment with tigecycline (tgc) alone compared with doxycycline plus ceftazidime (dox/caz). | 2017 | 28347850 |
| occurrence of clinical genotype vibrio vulnificus in clam samples in mangalore, southwest coast of india. | vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic human pathogen causing gastroenteritis, wound infection and primary septicemia. v. vulnificus population has been divided into subpopulations based on their phenotype and genotype characteristics. in this study, 38.5% (10/26) of clam (meretrix meretrix) samples obtained from mangalore markets were seen to harbor v. vulnificus. biochemical characterization of v. vulnificus isolates showed the strains to belong to biotype 1 phenotype. genotyping of strains usi ... | 2017 | 28298693 |
| incidences of waterborne and foodborne diseases after meteorologic disasters in south korea. | climate change could increase the number of regions affected by meteorologic disasters. meteorologic disasters can increase the risk of infectious disease outbreaks, including waterborne and foodborne diseases. although many outbreaks of waterborne diseases after single disasters have been analyzed, there have not been sufficient studies reporting comprehensive analyses of cases occurring during long-term surveillance after multiple disasters, which could provide evidence of whether meteorologic ... | 2017 | 28283139 |
| the hydrogen peroxide hypersensitivity of oxyr2 in vibrio vulnificus depends on conformational constraints. | most gram-negative bacteria respond to excessive levels of h2o2 using the peroxide-sensing transcriptional regulator oxyr, which can induce the expression of antioxidant genes to restore normality. vibrio vulnificus has two distinct oxyrs (oxyr1 and oxyr2), which are sensitive to different levels of h2o2 and induce expression of two different peroxidases, prx1 and prx2. while oxyr1 has both high sequence similarity and comparable h2o2 sensitivity to other oxyr proteins, oxyr2 exhibits limited se ... | 2017 | 28264933 |
| two-step enhanced cancer immunotherapy with engineered salmonella typhimurium secreting heterologous flagellin. | we report a method of cancer immunotherapy using an attenuated salmonella typhimurium strain engineered to secrete vibrio vulnificus flagellin b (flab) in tumor tissues. engineered flab-secreting bacteria effectively suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models and prolonged survival. by using toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5)-negative colon cancer cell lines, we provided evidence that the flab-mediated tumor suppression upon bacterial colonization is associated with tlr5-mediated host react ... | 2017 | 28179508 |
| iutb participates in the ferric-vulnibactin utilization system in vibrio vulnificus m2799. | vibrio vulnificus, an opportunistic pathogen that causes a serious, often fatal, infection in humans, requires iron for its growth. this bacterium utilizes iron from the environment via the vulnibactin-mediated iron uptake system. the mechanisms of vulnibactin biosynthesis, vulnibactin export, and ferric-vulnibactin uptake systems have been reported, whereas the ferric-vulnibactin reduction mechanism in the cell remains unclear. the results of our previous study showed that vuub, a member of the ... | 2017 | 28150143 |
| regulation systems of protease and hemolysin production in vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio vulnificus, a gram-negative halophilic estuarine bacterium, is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes rapidly progressive fatal septicemia and necrotizing wound infection. this species also causes hemorrhagic septicemia called vibriosis in cultured eels. it has been proposed that a range of virulence factors play roles in pathogenesis during human and/or eel infection. among these factors, a metalloprotease (v. vulnificus protease [vvp]) and a cytolytic toxin (v. vulnificus hemolysin ... | 2017 | 28111826 |
| transcriptome analysis of the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids against vibrio vulnificus infection in oreochromis niloticus. | vibrio vulnificus infection causes severe economic losses in oreochromis niloticus aquaculture by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, that lead to inflammation and mortality. omega-3 fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and eicosapentaenoic acid (epa), have been reported for their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial abilities in murine and zebrafish models. however, the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial functions of dha and epa in commercial aquaculture organisms such as oreochromi ... | 2017 | 28108339 |
| study of the antimicrobial activity of tilapia piscidin 3 (tp3) and tp4 and their effects on immune functions in hybrid tilapia (oreochromis spp.). | to address the growing concern over antibiotic-resistant microbial infections in aquatic animals, we tested several promising alternative agents that have emerged as new drug candidates. specifically, the tilapia piscidins are a group of peptides that possess antimicrobial, wound-healing, and antitumor functions. in this study, we focused on tilapia piscidin 3 (tp3) and tp4, which are peptides derived from oreochromis niloticus, and investigated their inhibition of acute bacterial infections by ... | 2017 | 28085905 |
| the effector domain region of the vibrio vulnificus martx toxin confers biphasic epithelial barrier disruption and is essential for systemic spread from the intestine. | vibrio vulnificus causes highly lethal bacterial infections in which the multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxins (martx) toxin product of the rtxa1 gene is a key virulence factor. martx toxins are secreted proteins up to 5208 amino acids in size. conserved martx n- and c-terminal repeat regions work in concert to form pores in eukaryotic cell membranes, through which the toxin's central region of modular effector domains is translocated. upon inositol hexakisphosphate-induced activation ... | 2017 | 28060924 |
| vibrio vulnificus: from oyster colonist to human pathogen. | | 2017 | 28056111 |
| successful salvage and reconstruction of a finger threatened by vibrio vulnificus necrotising fasciitis using fenestrated-type artificial dermis and three steps of topical negative pressure wound therapy. | vibrio vulnificus can cause severe skin and soft tissue infection (ssti). the pathogen is an opportunistic marine bacterium that is likely to infect patients with chronic liver disease, patients in an immunocompromised state, and those in end-stage renal disease. v. vulnificus gains entry through soft tissues by direct penetration of a wound by infected marine organisms, such as raw oysters, shellfish and other seafood, or by exposing a wound to contaminated water. despite its ease of entry, v. ... | 2017 | 28052529 |
| effects of pyrogallol on growth and cytotoxicity of wild-type and katg mutant strains of vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio vulnificus is a causative agent of fatal septicemia and necrotic wound infection and the pathogen infection became an important public health problem in many counties. vibrio vulnificus causes rtxa1 toxin-induced acute cell death. we tried to identify natural products that inhibit the acute cytotoxicity of v. vulnificus using a lactate hydrogenase assay. a polyphenol pyrogallol protected hela cells from v. vulnificus-induced cytotoxicity. pyrogallol also decreased the growth of v. vulnifi ... | 2016 | 27936080 |
| importance of fumarate and nitrate reduction regulatory protein for intestinal proliferation of vibrio vulnificus. | the sepsis caused by vibrio vulnificus is characterized by an average incubation period of 26 h and a high mortality rate exceeding 50%. the fast growth and dissemination of v. vulnificus in vivo lead to poor clinical outcomes in patients. therefore, elucidation of the proliferation mechanisms of this organism in vivo may lead to the development of an effective therapeutic strategy. in this study, we focused on the low oxygen concentration in the intestinal milieu because of its drastic differen ... | 2017 | 27915250 |
| visualizing evolutionary relationships of multidomain proteins: an example from receiver (rec) domains of sensor histidine kinases in the candidatus maribeggiatoa str. orange guaymas draft genome. | for multidomain proteins, evolutionary changes may occur at the domain as well as the whole-protein level. an example is presented here, with suggestions for how such complicated relationships might be visualized. earlier analysis of the candidatus maribeggiatoa str. orange guaymas (boguay; gammaproteobacteria) single-filament draft genome found evidence of gene exchange with the phylogenetically distant cyanobacteria, particularly for sensory and signal transduction proteins. because these are ... | 2016 | 27895624 |
| capsular polysaccharide production and serum survival of vibrio vulnificus are dependent on antitermination control by rfah. | the human pathogen vibrio vulnificus undergoes phase variation among colonial morphotypes, including a virulent opaque form which produces capsular polysaccharide (cps) and a translucent phenotype that produces little or no cps and is attenuated. here, we found that a v. vulnificus mutant defective for rfah antitermination control showed a diminished capacity to undergo phase variation and displayed significantly reduced distal gene expression within the group i cps operon. moreover, the rfah mu ... | 2016 | 27859050 |
| vibrio vulnificus type 6 secretion system 1 contains anti-bacterial properties. | vibrio vulnificus is a bacterium responsible for severe gastroenteritis, sepsis and wound infections. gastroenteritis and sepsis are commonly associated with the consumption of raw oysters, whereas wound infection is often associated with the handling of contaminated fish. although classical virulence factors of this emerging pathogen are well characterised, there remains a paucity of knowledge regarding the general biology of this species. to investigate the presence of previously unreported vi ... | 2016 | 27798649 |
| a silkworm infection model to investigate vibrio vulnificus virulence genes. | the halophilic marine bacterium, vibrio vulnificus, occasionally causes fatal septicemia in immunocompromised patients. mice are commonly used as experimental animals to investigate the virulence of v. vulnificus, however, a large number of mice are generally required for bioassays. the present study examined whether the invertebrate species, silkworms, can be used instead of mice to investigate v. vulnificus virulence. when the silkworms were inoculated with 1.2x107 colony forming units of v. v ... | 2016 | 27748924 |
| rapidly developing and fatal vibrio vulnificus wound infection. | | 2016 | 27617208 |
| faraday cage-type electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of vibrio vulnificus based on multi-functionalized graphene oxide. | a novel faraday cage-type electrochemiluminescence (ecl) immunosensor devoted to the detection of vibrio vulnificus (vv) was fabricated. the sensing strategy was presented by a unique faraday cage-type immunocomplex based on immunomagnetic beads (imbs) and multi-functionalized graphene oxide (go) labeled with (2,2'-bipyridine)(5-aminophenanthroline)ruthenium (ru-nh2). the multi-functionalized go could sit on the electrode surface directly due to the large surface area, abundant functional groups ... | 2016 | 27565793 |
| a rare glimpse into the morbid world of necrotising fasciitis: flesh-eating bacteria vibrio vulnificus. | necrotising fasciitis is one of the fatal skin and soft tissue infections. vibrio vulnificus is a rare cause of necrotising fasciitis; however, the disease is one of the major manifestations of the bacteria. here, we report one such case in a middle-aged male patient. he presented with the signs of bilateral lower limb cellulitis and altered sensorium. v. vulnificus was isolated from blood culture and also from debrided tissue. though the organism is well characterised, it is a rare causative ag ... | 2017 | 27514968 |
| role of extracellular matrix protein caba in resistance of vibrio vulnificus biofilms to decontamination strategies. | biofilms are recalcitrant and raise safety problems in the food industry. in this study, the role of caba, an extracellular matrix protein, in the resistance of the biofilms of vibrio vulnificus, a foodborne pathogen, to decontamination strategies was investigated. biofilms of the caba mutant revealed reduced resistance to detachment by vibration and disinfection by sodium hypochlorite compared to the biofilms of the parental wild type in vitro. the reduced resistance of the caba mutant biofilms ... | 2016 | 27485973 |
| characterization of clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio cidicii sp. nov., a close relative of vibrio navarrensis. | four vibrio spp. isolates from the historical culture collection at the centers for disease control and prevention, obtained from human blood specimens (n=3) and river water (n=1), show characteristics distinct from those of isolates of the most closely related species, vibrio navarrensis and vibrio vulnificus, based on phenotypic and genotypic tests. they are specifically adapted to survival in both freshwater and seawater, being able to grow in rich media without added salts as well as salinit ... | 2016 | 27468862 |
| in vitro and in vivo anti-vibrio vulnificus activity of psammaplin a, a natural marine compound. | vibrio vulnificus is known to induce severely fulminant and fatal septicemia in susceptible hosts. in the present study, the antimicrobial activity of natural marine product-derived compounds against v. vulnificus, were investigated in vitro and in vivo. twelve pure compounds were isolated from natural marine products and their inhibitory effects on v. vulnificus-induced cytotoxicity were determined in int‑407 cells. among the 12 pure compounds tested, treatment with psammaplin a significantly s ... | 2016 | 27431807 |
| iron and fur in the life cycle of the zoonotic pathogen vibrio vulnificus. | in this study, we aimed to analyze the global response to iron in the broad-range host pathogen vibrio vulnificus under the hypothesis that iron is one of the main signals triggering survival mechanisms both inside and outside its hosts. to this end, we selected a strain from the main zoonotic clonal-complex, obtained a mutant in the ferric-uptake-regulator (fur), and analyzed their transcriptomic profiles in both iron-excess and iron-poor conditions by using a strain-specific microarray platfor ... | 2016 | 27348505 |
| complete genome sequence of vibrio vulnificus forc_017 isolated from a patient with a hemorrhagic rash after consuming raw dotted gizzard shad. | vibrio vulnificus, a resident in the human gut, is frequently found in seafood, causing food-borne illnesses including gastroenteritis and severe septicemia. while v. vulnificus has been known to be one of the major food-borne pathogens, pathogenicity and virulence factors are not fully understood yet. to extend our understanding of the pathogenesis of v. vulnificus at the genomic level, the genome of v. vulnificus forc_017 isolated from a female patient experiencing a hemorrhagic rash was compl ... | 2016 | 27325916 |
| deacylated lipopolysaccharides inhibit biofilm formation by gram-negative bacteria. | the extracellular polysaccharides of vibrio vulnificus play different roles during biofilm development. among them, the effect of lipopolysaccharide (lps), which is crucial for bacterial adherence to surfaces during the initial stage of biofilm formation, on the formation process was examined using various types of lps extracts. exogenously added lps strongly inhibited biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner. in addition, the exogenous addition of a deacylated form of lps (dlps) also inhibi ... | 2016 | 27294580 |
| oxyr2 functions as a three-state redox switch to tightly regulate production of prx2, a peroxiredoxin of vibrio vulnificus. | the bacterial transcriptional regulator oxyr is known to function as a two-state redox switch. oxyr senses cellular levels of h2o2 via a "sensing cysteine" that switches from the reduced to a disulfide state upon h2o2 exposure, inducing the expression of antioxidant genes. the reduced and disulfide states of oxyr, respectively, bind to extended and compact regions of dna, where the reduced state blocks and the oxidized state allows transcription and further induces target gene expression by inte ... | 2016 | 27268058 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of tigecycline against vibrio vulnificus. | the aim of this study is to investigate the role of tigecycline in vibrio vulnificus infection. | 2016 | 27260781 |
| vibrio vulnificus vvha induces autophagy-related cell death through the lipid raft-dependent c-src/nox signaling pathway. | vvha, a virulent factor of vibrio (v.) vulnificus, induces acute cell death in a destructive manner. autophagy plays an important role in cell death, but the functional role of vvha in autophagy-related cell death has not been elucidated yet. we found that rvvha significantly increased lc3 puncta formation and autophagic flux in promoting the cell death of human intestinal epithelial caco-2 cells. the cell death induced by rvvha was independent of lysosomal permeabilizaton and caspase activation ... | 2016 | 27250250 |
| glucose induces delocalization of a flagellar biosynthesis protein from the flagellated pole. | to survive in a continuously changing environment, bacteria sense concentration gradients of attractants or repellents, and purposefully migrate until a more favourable habitat is encountered. while glucose is known as the most effective attractant, the flagellar biosynthesis and hence chemotactic motility has been known to be repressed by glucose in some bacteria. to date, the only known regulatory mechanism of the repression of flagellar synthesis by glucose is via downregulation of the camp l ... | 2016 | 27218601 |
| iron- and quorum-sensing signals converge on small quorum-regulatory rnas for coordinated regulation of virulence factors in vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio vulnificus is a marine bacterium that causes human infections resulting in high mortality. this pathogen harbors five quorum-regulatory rnas (qrr1-5) that affect the expression of pathogenicity genes by modulating the expression of the master regulator smcr. the qrr genes are activated by phosphorylated luxo to different degrees; qrr2 is strongly activated; qrr3 and qrr5 are moderately activated, and qrr1 and qrr4 are marginally activated and are the only two that do not respond to cell d ... | 2016 | 27151217 |
| vibrio vulnificus infection and liver cirrhosis: a potentially lethal combination. | we present a case of a 40-year-old man with decompensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis presenting with atraumatic cellulitis of one extremity and severe sepsis that rapidly progressed to compartment syndrome despite broad-spectrum antibiotics. local cultures following debridement revealed vibrio vulnificus, and subsequent history revealed consumption of raw oysters 48 h before presentation. our case points out the unique susceptibility of those with cirrhosis and elevated iron saturation to vibrio ... | 2016 | 27151052 |
| successful treatment of a case of necrotizing fasciitis due to vibrio vulnificus in a cold climate in japan. | vibrio vulnificus infection often occurs in warm regions, frequently leading to necrotizing fasciitis, sepsis, and death. we herein report a rare case presenting in a cold climate region in northern japan, aomori district, of a v. vulnificus infection complicated by necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock. the patient's prior history of injury and typical clinical course were helpful clues to the diagnosis of v. vulnificus infection, and early initiation of antimicrobial treatment saved his life. ... | 2016 | 27086822 |
| phaeobacter inhibens as biocontrol agent against vibrio vulnificus in oyster models. | molluscan shellfish can cause food borne diseases and here we investigated if addition of vibrio-antagonising bacteria could reduce vibrio vulnificus in model oyster systems and prevent its establishment in live animals. phaeobacter inhibens, which produces an antibacterial compound, tropodithietic acid (tda), inhibited v. vulnificus as did pure tda (mic of 1-3.9 μm). p. inhibens dsm 17395 (at 10(6) cfu/ml) eradicated 10(5) cfu/ml v. vulnificus cmcp6 (a rifampicin resistant variant) from a co-cu ... | 2016 | 27052703 |
| [when should notification of an infectious disease be mandatory? a decision aid to determine whether mandatory notification is justified]. | in the netherlands, all physicians are required to report cases of certain infectious diseases to the public health services, to allow appropriate control measures. in recent years, various requests have been submitted to add certain infectious diseases to the list of notifiable diseases. in order to decide whether such a request should be granted, we developed a structured decision aid based on a range of existing criteria for mandatory notification, applied in the netherlands and other countri ... | 2016 | 27050495 |
| temperature change induces the expression of vuua encoding vulnibactin receptor and crp encoding cyclic amp receptor protein in vibrio vulnificus. | upon entering the human body, vibrio vulnificus, a gram-negative marine bacterium, must withstand a temperature change (tc) from 25 to 37 °c. this bacterium acquires iron mainly via the vulnibactin receptor (vuua)-mediated iron uptake system (ius), which is under the positive control of cyclic amp receptor protein (crp), a global regulator responsible for catabolite repression. in this study, we examined the effect of tc on the expression of vuua and crp, and the reciprocal relation between vuua ... | 2016 | 27016238 |
| vibrio bacteria in raw oysters: managing risks to human health. | the human-pathogenic marine bacteria vibrio vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus are strongly correlated with water temperature, with concentrations increasing as waters warm seasonally. both of these bacteria can be concentrated in filter-feeding shellfish, especially oysters. because oysters are often consumed raw, this exposes people to large doses of potentially harmful bacteria. various models are used to predict the abundance of these bacteria in oysters, which guide shellfish harvest policy ... | 2016 | 26880841 |
| distribution of fatal vibrio vulnificus necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | vibrio vulnificus necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections (vnsstis), which have increased significantly over the past few decades, are still highly lethal and disabling diseases despite advancing antibiotic and infection control practices. we, therefore, examined the spatiotemporal distribution of worldwide reported episodes and associated mortality rates of vnsstis between 1966 and 2014. the pubmed and cochrane library databases were systematically searched for observational studies on pati ... | 2016 | 26844475 |
| structural insights on identification of potential lead compounds targeting wbpp in vibrio vulnificus through structure-based approaches. | wbpp encoding udp-glcnac c4 epimerase is responsible for the activation of virulence factor in marine pathogen vibrio vulnificus (v. vulnificus) and it is linked to many aquatic diseases, thus making it a potential therapeutic target. there are few reported compounds that include several natural products and synthetic compounds targeting vibrio sp, but specific inhibitor targeting wbpp are unavailable. here, we performed structure-based virtual screening using chemical libraries such as binding, ... | 2016 | 26795501 |
| prevalence, characteristics and ecology of vibrio vulnificus found in new zealand shellfish. | in new zealand, there have been no known cases of foodborne diseases linked to vibrio vulnificus and shellfish consumption, but two cases of wound infection have been reported. we evaluated the distribution, the effect of environmental parameters, the pheno-genotypic profile and the growth characteristics of strains isolated from shellfish. | 2016 | 26788798 |
| martx effector cross kingdom activation by golgi-associated adp-ribosylation factors. | vibrio vulnificus infects humans and causes lethal septicemia. the primary virulence factor is a multifunctional-autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (martx) toxin consisting of conserved repeats-containing regions and various effector domains. recent genomic analyses for the newly emerged v. vulnificus biotype 3 strain revealed that its martx toxin has two previously unknown effector domains. herein, we characterized one of these domains, domain x (dmxvv ). a structure-based homology search revealed ... | 2016 | 26780191 |
| regulatory characteristics of vibrio vulnificus gbpa gene encoding a mucin-binding protein essential for pathogenesis. | binding to mucin is the initial step for enteropathogens to establish pathogenesis. an open reading frame, gbpa, of vibrio vulnificus was identified and characterized in this study. compared with wild type, the gbpa mutant was impaired in binding to mucin-agar and the mucin-secreting ht29-methotrexate cells, and the impaired mucin binding was restored by the purified gbpa provided exogenously. the gbpa mutant had attenuated virulence and ability of intestinal colonization in a mouse model, indic ... | 2016 | 26755724 |
| role of the histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (h-ns) in the regulation of virulence factor expression and stress response in vibrio vulnificus. | temperature is one of the important parameters regulating the expression of virulence factors in bacteria. the global regulator, a histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (h-ns), is known to play a crucial role in this regulation. in the present study, we first clarified the role of h-ns in the temperature-dependent regulation of virulence factor production in vibrio vulnificus, including that of the cytolytic toxin (v. vulnificus hemolysin: vvh) and the proteolytic enzyme (v. vulnificus prote ... | 2015 | 26699858 |
| virulence profiles of vibrio vulnificus in german coastal waters, a comparison of north sea and baltic sea isolates. | vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic bacterium of coastal environments known for sporadically causing severe foodborne or wound infections. global warming is expected to lead to a rising occurrence of v. vulnificus and an increasing incidence of human infections in northern europe. so far, infections in germany were exclusively documented for the baltic sea coast, while no cases from the north sea region have been reported. regional variations in the prevalence of infections may be influenced by di ... | 2015 | 26694432 |
| septic arthritis and subsequent fatal septic shock caused by vibrio vulnificus infection. | vibrio vulnificus is a rare but potential fatal bacterium that can cause severe infections. wound infections, primary sepsis and gastroenteritis are the most common clinical features. septic arthritis caused by v. vulnificus is an atypical presentation that has been reported in only two case reports; however, it has not been previously noted in denmark. the authors report a case of septic arthritis caused by v. vulnificus in an immunocompromised patient. the disease progressed to severe sepsis a ... | 2015 | 26604231 |
| transgenic expression of omega-3 pufa synthesis genes improves zebrafish survival during vibrio vulnificus infection. | highly desaturated n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha), are synthesized by desaturases and elongase. they exert hepatoprotective effects to prevent alcoholic fatty liver syndrome or cholestatic liver injury. however, it is unclear how n-3 pufas improve immune function in liver. vibrio vulnificus, a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, causes high mortality of aquaculture fishes upon infection. humans can become infected with v. ... | 2015 | 26572495 |
| vvpe mediates the intestinal colonization of vibrio vulnificus by the disruption of tight junctions. | the disruption of gastrointestinal tight junctions and their colonization evoked by enteric pathogens are hallmarks of the pathogenesis. vibrio (v.) vulnificus, vvpe, is an elastase which is responsible for host surface adherence and vascular permeability; however, the functional roles of vvpe in the pathogenesis of v. vulnificus (wt) are poorly understood. in the present study, we have investigated the role of vvpe in regulation of intestinal tight junctions and the colonization of wt. we found ... | 2016 | 26552364 |
| to notify or not to notify: decision aid for policy makers on whether to make an infectious disease mandatorily notifiable. | mandatory notification can be a useful tool to support infectious disease prevention and control. guidelines are needed to help policymakers decide whether mandatory notification of an infectious disease is appropriate. we developed a decision aid, based on a range of criteria previously used in the netherlands or in other regions to help decide whether to make a disease notifiable. criteria were categorised as being effective, feasible and necessary with regard to the relevance of mandatory not ... | 2015 | 26530302 |
| all three tonb systems are required for vibrio vulnificus cmcp6 tissue invasiveness by controlling flagellum expression. | tonb systems actively transport iron-bound substrates across the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. vibrio vulnificus cmcp6, which causes fatal septicemia and necrotizing wound infections, possesses three active tonb systems. it is not known why v. vulnificus cmcp6 has maintained three tonb systems throughout its evolution. the tonb1 and tonb2 systems are relatively well characterized, while the pathophysiological function of the tonb3 system is still elusive. a reverse transcription-pcr ... | 2015 | 26527216 |
| vibrio vulnificus necrotizing fasciitis associated with acupuncture. | necrotizing fasciitis is a severe life-threatening infection of the deep subcutaneous tissues and fascia. infection with vibrio vulnificus, a halophilic gram-negative bacillus found worldwide in warm coastal waters, can lead to severe complications, particularly among patients with chronic liver diseases. we herein present an unusual case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by v. vulnificus triggered by acupuncture needle insertion. the patient, who suffered from diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic f ... | 2015 | 26500738 |
| correction: the cababc operon essential for biofilm and rugose colony development in vibrio vulnificus. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005192.]. | 2015 | 26496079 |
| antibacterial activity of neem nanoemulsion and its toxicity assessment on human lymphocytes in vitro. | neem (azadirachta indica) is recognized as a medicinal plant well known for its antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral, and antifungal properties. neem nanoemulsion (ne) (o/w) is formulated using neem oil, tween 20, and water by high-energy ultrasonication. the formulated neem ne showed antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogen vibrio vulnificus by disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane. despite the use of neem ne in various biomedical applications, the toxicity stud ... | 2015 | 26491309 |
| draft genome sequence of the pathogenic bacterium vibrio vulnificus v252 biotype 1, isolated in israel. | we report the genome sequence of the pathogenic vibrio vulnificus biotype 1 clade b, which is suggested to have a common ancestor with biotype 3. this draft genome of the clinical strain v252, isolated in israel, represents the clonal clade b group that contains both clinical and environmental strains. | 2015 | 26472833 |
| severe septicemia, necrotizing fasciitis, and peritonitis due to vibrio vulnificus in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a case report. | chronic kidney disease, including end-stage renal disease, has been identified as a possible risk factor for primary septicemia and wound infection by vibrio vulnificus. however, cases of severe septicemia, necrotizing fasciitis, and peritonitis caused by v. vulnificus in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) have not been described. we report a case of severe septicemia, necrotizing fasciitis, and peritonitis due to v. vulnificus in a patient undergoing capd after ... | 2015 | 26467000 |
| erratum to: identification of the vibrio vulnificus htpg gene and its influence on cold shock recovery. | | 2015 | 26428926 |
| presence of nitric oxide-sensing systems in the human pathogen vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic estuarine bacterium, but this species causes fatal septicemia in humans. v. vulnificus may encounter many kinds of stresses either in the natural environment or in the human body. one of the striking stresses is the exposure to the reactive oxygen species including nitric oxide (no). the present study revealed that no could participate in the regulation of the v. vulnificus community behavior. when the bacterium was cultivated in the presence of sub-lethal doses ... | 2015 | 26412700 |