| double-staining method for differentiation of morphological changes and membrane integrity of campylobacter coli cells. | we developed a double-staining procedure involving nanoorange dye (molecular probes, eugene, oreg.) and membrane integrity stains (live/dead baclight kit; molecular probes) to show the morphological and membrane integrity changes of campylobacter coli cells during growth. the conversion from a spiral to a coccoid morphology via intermediary forms and the membrane integrity changes of the c. coli cells can be detected with the double-staining procedure. our data indicate that young or actively gr ... | 2002 | 12324366 |
| breast feeding may protect children against campylobacter jejuni associated diarrhoea. | to investigate the bacterial etiology of infant diarrhea in karachi, pakistan, 180 rectal swab samples collected from diarrhea patients under 5 years of age and 30 samples from age- and sex-matched healthy children were analyzed. enteropathogenic organisms were isolated from 70 case samples (38.9%). the two most common etiologic agents were campylobacter jejuni (19.4%) and aeromonas hydrophilia (6.1%). salmonella, shigella, and yersina appear to have a limited incidence in this age group. no ... | 1996 | 12346517 |
| the tetracycline resistance protein tet(o) perturbs the conformation of the ribosomal decoding centre. | tet(o) is an elongation factor-like protein found in clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni that confers resistance to the protein-synthesis inhibitor tetracycline. tet(o) interacts with the 70s ribosome and promotes the release of bound tetracycline, however, as shown here, it does not form the same functional interaction with the 30s subunit. chemical probing demonstrates that tet(o) changes the reactivity of the 16s rrna to dimethyl sulphate (dms). these changes cluster within the decoding ... | 2002 | 12354218 |
| detection in escherichia coli of the genes encoding the major virulence factors, the genes defining the o157:h7 serotype, and components of the type 2 shiga toxin family by multiplex pcr. | strains of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) have been associated with outbreaks of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans. most clinical signs of disease arise as a consequence of the production of shiga toxin 1 (stx1), stx2 or combinations of these toxins. other major virulence factors include enterohemorrhagic e. coli hemolysin (ehec hlya), and intimin, the product of the eaea gene that is involved in the attaching and effacing adherence phenotype. ... | 2002 | 12354854 |
| right atrial mobile thrombus and pulmonary thromboembolism complicating hemorrhagic campylobacter jejuni colitis. | | 2002 | 12356127 |
| ciprofloxacin resistance in campylobacter jejuni: case-case analysis as a tool for elucidating risks at home and abroad. | to determine factors independently associated with the acquisition of a ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni infection. | 2002 | 12356802 |
| evaluation of a commercial diagnostic pcr for the identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | aims: dupont qualicon recently developed a new pcr assay for the identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. we evaluated the selectivity and utility of this assay compared with a pcr method already in use in our laboratory. methods and results: a group of 133 campylobacter isolates from poultry carcass rinse samples were screened using the commercial pcr and standard pcr. identical results were found for 89.5% (119/133) of the isolates. however, 10.5% (14/133) gave conflictin ... | 2002 | 12358702 |
| genetic diversity and relationships of campylobacter species and subspecies. | the existence of tremendous genetic diversity within campylobacter species has been well documented. to analyse the population structure of campylobacter and determine whether or not a clonal population structure could be detected, genetic diversity was assessed within the genus campylobacter by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of 156 isolates representing 11 species and subspecies from disparate sources. analyses of electrophoretic mobility of 11 enzymes revealed 109 electrophoretic types (ets ... | 2002 | 12361288 |
| interactions among strategies associated with bacterial infection: pathogenicity, epidemicity, and antibiotic resistance. | infections have been the major cause of disease throughout the history of human populations. with the introduction of antibiotics, it was thought that this problem should disappear. however, bacteria have been able to evolve to become antibiotic resistant. nowadays, a proficient pathogen must be virulent, epidemic, and resistant to antibiotics. analysis of the interplay among these features of bacterial populations is needed to predict the future of infectious diseases. in this regard, we have r ... | 2002 | 12364374 |
| [antiganglioside autoantibody profiles in guillain-barré syndrome]. | we established anti-ganglioside antibody profiles in gbs and studied the frequency, fine specificity and clinical correlate. igg and igm antibodies to 8 gangliosides were tested by immunodot-blot in 249 consecutive patients with guillain-barré syndrome with large variability in clinical expression, referred to our laboratory over a 8-year period. igg and igm anti-gm1 antibodies were measured by elisa. thin-layer chromatography overlayed by serum was used to control positivity. 89/249 gbs (36%) h ... | 2002 | 12368145 |
| conservation of the biotin regulon and the bira regulatory signal in eubacteria and archaea. | biotin is a necessary cofactor of numerous biotin-dependent carboxylases in a variety of microorganisms. the strict control of biotin biosynthesis in escherichia coli is mediated by the bifunctional bira protein, which acts both as a biotin-protein ligase and as a transcriptional repressor of the biotin operon. little is known about regulation of biotin biosynthesis in other bacteria. using comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis, we describe the biotin biosynthetic pathway and the bira r ... | 2002 | 12368242 |
| causative pathogens of severe diarrhea in children. | to investigate the enteropathogens in children with diarrhea attending salmaniya medical complex, bahrain. | 2002 | 12370713 |
| asymmetric directional mutation pressures in bacteria. | when there are no strand-specific biases in mutation and selection rates (that is, in the substitution rates) between the two strands of dna, the average nucleotide composition is theoretically expected to be a = t and g = c within each strand. deviations from these equalities are therefore evidence for an asymmetry in selection and/or mutation between the two strands. by focusing on weakly selected regions that could be oriented with respect to replication in 43 out of 51 completely sequenced b ... | 2002 | 12372146 |
| trypanosomal dutpases as potential targets for drug design. | parasites of the trypanosomatidae family are responsible for diseases that afflict several million people worldwide. currently there is an urgent need for new drugs against these diseases and an approach to drug discovery is the study of biochemical and structural properties of a potential target and the subsequent design of specific compounds. trypanosomatid genes coding for enzymes which distinctively hydrolyze dutp have been isolated by genetic complementation in escherichia coli mutants defe ... | 2001 | 12374098 |
| a green nonsulfur bacterium, dehalococcoides ethenogenes, with the lexa binding sequence found in gram-positive organisms. | dehalococcoides ethenogenes is a member of the physiologically diverse division of green nonsulfur bacteria. using a tblastn search, the d. ethenogenes lexa gene has been identified, cloned, and expressed and its protein has been purified. mobility shift assays revealed that the d. ethenogenes lexa protein specifically binds to both its own promoter and that of the uvra gene, but not to the reca promoter. our results demonstrate that the d. ethenogenes lexa binding site is gaacn(4)gttc, which is ... | 2002 | 12374844 |
| infectious background of patients with a history of acute anterior uveitis. | to study the infectious background of patients with a history of acute anterior uveitis (aau) and healthy control subjects. | 2002 | 12379526 |
| dna sequence and mutational analyses of the pvir plasmid of campylobacter jejuni 81-176. | the circular pvir plasmid of campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 was determined to be 37,468 nucleotides in length with a g+c content of 26%. a total of 83% of the plasmid represented coding information, and all but 2 of the 54 predicted open reading frames were encoded on the same dna strand. there were seven genes on the plasmid in a continguous region of 8.9 kb that encoded orthologs of type iv secretion proteins found in helicobacter pylori, including four that have been described previously ... | 2002 | 12379703 |
| bactericidal activities of plant essential oils and some of their isolated constituents against campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica. | an improved method of sample preparation was used in a microplate assay to evaluate the bactericidal activity levels of 96 essential oils and 23 oil compounds against campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica obtained from food and clinical sources. bactericidal activity (ba50) was defined as the percentage of the sample in the assay mixture that resulted in a 50% decrease in cfu relative to a buffer control. twenty-seven oils and 12 compound ... | 2002 | 12380738 |
| microbiological investigations of rainwater and graywater collected for toilet flushing. | seven danish rainwater systems were investigated with respect to the microbial water quality. the general microbiological quality (total numbers of bacteria (aodc)), and heterotrophic plate counts on r2a and plate count agar in the toilets supplied with rainwater were approximately the same as in the reference toilets supplied with drinking water. however, in 12 of the 27 analysed samples one or more pathogens were observed (aeromonas sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, legionella non-pneumophila, camp ... | 2002 | 12381006 |
| speciation of thermotolerant campylobacter isolates involved in foodborne disease by means of dna restriction analysis and molecular probes. | the molecular identification of several strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli involved in foodborne disease was carried out by investigating the restriction profiles of their chromosomal dna and by dna/dna hybridization. cleavage with ecorv allowed the visualization of a 3 kb dna fragment characteristic of c. jejuni, whereas restriction with clai allowed the identification of a 9.3 kb dna fragment, also characteristic of c. jejuni, and a dna duplet of 9.5-10 kb, specific to c. c ... | 2002 | 12381150 |
| enteropathogens associated with acute diarrhea in community and hospital patients in jakarta, indonesia. | the prevalence of bacteria, parasite and viral pathogens in 3875 patients with diarrhea in community and hospital settings from march 1997 through august 1999 in jakarta, indonesia was determined using routine bacteriology and molecular assay techniques. bacterial pathogens isolated from hospital patients were, in decreasing frequency, vibrio cholerae o1, shigella flexneri, salmonella spp. and campylobacter jejuni, while s. flexneri, v. cholerae o1, salmonella spp. and c. jejuni were isolated fr ... | 2002 | 12381465 |
| thermotolerant campylobacters in domestic animals in a defined population in buenos aires, argentina. | we assessed the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni in animals in a region of unsatisfied basic needs in the city of buenos aires and studied a few risk factors. first we conducted a census to identify all dwellings having pet animals (dogs, cats, and birds). fecal samples were then taken for isolation and identification of strains. we observed 17% prevalence for dogs (95% ci: 13, 22), 16% for cats (95% ci: 8, 27) and 19% for birds (95% ci: 5, 42). in dogs, the highest prevalences were found in s ... | 2002 | 12383655 |
| gyra and gyrb mutations are implicated in cross-resistance to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin in clostridium difficile. | a total of 198 nonrepetitive clinical strains of clostridium difficile isolated from different french hospitals in 1991 (n = 100) and 1997 (n = 98) were screened for decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones by plating onto wilkins-chalgren agar containing 16 micro g of ciprofloxacin per ml. the frequency of decreased susceptibility was 7% (14 of 198) and was identical for the years 1991 and 1997. serogroups c, h, d, a9, and k accounted for five, four, two, one, and one of the resistant strai ... | 2002 | 12384345 |
| class 1 integron-associated tobramycin-gentamicin resistance in campylobacter jejuni isolated from the broiler chicken house environment. | using pcr, we screened 105 isolates of poultry-associated campylobacter jejuni for the presence of class 1 integrons. of those isolates, 21% (22 of 105) possessed the integrase gene, but only 5 isolates produced an amplicon in a 5'-3' conserved sequence pcr directed toward amplification of the resistance cassettes. dna sequencing demonstrated that all five isolates possessed the aminoglycoside resistance gene, aaca4. | 2002 | 12384387 |
| an unusual case of campylobacter jejuni pericarditis in a patient with x-linked agammaglobulinemia. | | 2002 | 12392379 |
| the structures of the lipooligosaccharide and capsule polysaccharide of campylobacter jejuni genome sequenced strain nctc 11168. | campylobacter jejuni infections are one of the leading causes of human gastroenteritis and are suspected of being a precursor to guillain-barré and miller-fisher syndromes. recently, the complete genome sequence of c. jejuni nctc 11168 was described. in this study, the molecular structure of the lipooligosaccharide and capsular polysaccharide of c. jejuni nctc 11168 was investigated. the lipooligosaccharide was shown to exhibit carbohydrate structures analogous to the gm1a and gm2 carbohydrate e ... | 2002 | 12392544 |
| risk factors for campylobacter infection in norwegian cats and dogs. | rectal swabs from healthy cats and dogs, and from dogs and cats with clinical diarrhoea were collected approximately every third month from may 2000 to june 2001 from six small-animal practices throughout norway. a questionnaire was filled in for each animal. of the 301 healthy cats sampled, 54 (18%) were positive for campylobacter, compared to 5 out of 31 (16%) cats with diarrhoea. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 11 (3%), c. upsaliensis from 42 (13%) and c. coli from 2 (0.6%) of the cats ... | 2002 | 12392875 |
| structural heterogeneity of carbohydrate modifications affects serospecificity of campylobacter flagellins. | flagellin from campylobacter coli vc167 is post-translationally modified at > or = 16 amino acid residues with pseudaminic acid and three related derivatives. the predominant modification was 5,7-diacetamido-3,5,7,9 - tetradeoxy - l - glycero - l - manno - nonulosonic acid (pseudaminic acid, pse5ac7ac), a modification that has been described previously on flagellin from campylobacter jejuni 81-176. vc167 lacked two modi-fications present in 81-176 and instead had two unique modifications of mass ... | 2002 | 12406231 |
| the murein hydrolase of the bacteriophage phi3626 dual lysis system is active against all tested clostridium perfringens strains. | clostridium perfringens commonly occurs in food and feed, can produce an enterotoxin frequently implicated in food-borne disease, and has a substantial negative impact on the poultry industry. as a step towards new approaches for control of this organism, we investigated the cell wall lysis system of c. perfringens bacteriophage phi3626, whose dual lysis gene cassette consists of a holin gene and an endolysin gene. hol3626 has two membrane-spanning domains (msds) and is a group ii holin. a posit ... | 2002 | 12406719 |
| detection of cytotoxin-hemolysin mrna in nonculturable populations of environmental and clinical vibrio vulnificus strains in artificial seawater. | the objective of this study was to develop a molecular detection method that better estimates the potential risk associated with the presence of vibrio vulnificus. for that purpose, we applied seminested reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) to viable but nonculturable (vbnc) populations of v. vulnificus and targeted the cytotoxin-hemolysin virulence gene vvha. three strains, two environmental, if vv10 and if vv18, and one clinical, c7184, were used in this study. artificial seawater, inoculated wi ... | 2002 | 12406760 |
| acute isolated bulbar palsy with anti-gt1a igg antibody subsequent to campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | we describe a patient with acute isolated bulbar palsy following enteritis. a 29-year-old man developed dysphagia and nasal voice without limb weakness, ataxia, or areflexia. high titres of serum anti-gt1a and anti-campylobacter jejuni igg antibodies were detected. he was treated with plasmapheresis, resulting in rapid clinical improvement. this case suggests that an acute isolated bulbar palsy may be caused by a pathology relating to guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), in which anti-gt1a igg antibod ... | 2002 | 12409189 |
| detection of gyra mutations in quinolone-resistant salmonella enterica by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. | denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (dhplc) was evaluated as a rapid screening and identification method for dna sequence variation detection in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyra from salmonella serovars. a total of 203 isolates of salmonella were screened using this method. dhplc analysis of 14 isolates representing each type of novel or multiple mutations and the wild type were compared with lightcycler-based pcr-gyra hybridization mutation assay (gama) and sing ... | 2002 | 12409384 |
| rate of occurrence and pathogenic effect of enteroaggregative escherichia coli virulence factors in international travelers. | one or more putative enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) virulence factors (agga, aggr, aspu, or aafa) were identified in 60 (70%) of 86 eaec isolates from travelers with diarrhea compared with a rate of 7 (8%) of 90 in patients with diarrhea who were infected with nonadherent e. coli (odds ratio, 27.36; 95% confidence interval, 11.30 to 65.91). the presence of aggr or one or more virulence factors in eaec from patients with diarrhea was associated with a statistically increased concentrat ... | 2002 | 12409395 |
| fulminant guillain-barrè syndrome after campylobacter jejuni enteritis and anti-ganglioside antibody. | | 2002 | 12412991 |
| fulminant guillain-barré syndrome after campylobacter jejuni enteritis and monospecific anti-gt1a igg antibody. | a 21-year-old man developed rapid progression of tetraplegia, bulbar palsy, and respiratory paralysis after campylobacterjejuni enteritis. based on the diagnosis of guillain-barré syndrome, he received plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin. serum anti-gt1a igg antibody which lacked cross-reactivity with gq1b was detected. four months after the onset, the patient still had severe muscle weakness of the lower limbs. this case suggests that anti-gt1a igg antibody can be associated with seve ... | 2002 | 12413017 |
| prediction, assessment and validation of protein interaction maps in bacteria. | high-throughput proteomics technologies, especially the yeast two-hybrid system, produce large volumes of protein-protein interaction data organized in networks. the complete sequencing of many genomes raises questions about the extent to which such networks can be transferred between organisms. we attempted to answer this question using the experimentally derived helicobacter pylori interaction map and the recently described interacting domain profile pair (idpp) method to predict a virtual map ... | 2002 | 12419263 |
| genetic evidence for a novel thymidylate synthase in the halophilic archaeon halobacterium salinarum and in campylobacter jejuni. | a search of the complete genome sequence of the halophilic archaeon halobacterium salinarum failed to identify a gene homologous to the thymidylate synthase (thya) gene present in the closely related haloferax volcanii. to understand the source of thymidine synthesis in hbt. salinarum, a genomic library of hbt. salinarum was constructed and used to complement a hfx. volcanii thya deletion mutation. the hbt. salinarum orf that complemented the thya mutation shares sequence homology with orfs foun ... | 2002 | 12423760 |
| occurrence of yersinia enterocolitica and campylobacter spp. in slaughter pigs and consequences for meat inspection, slaughtering, and dressing procedures. | the purpose of the present investigation was to assess the occurrence of yersinia enterocolitica and campylobacter spp. in the lymphoid tissues and intestinal tract in pigs and the risk for contamination during the compulsory meat inspection procedures and the procedures during slaughtering and dressing. another objective of the investigation was to compare traditional isolation methods, the use of a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method (bugs'n beads bacterial dna isolation kit) and an elisa m ... | 2003 | 12423925 |
| the prc-barrel: a widespread, conserved domain shared by photosynthetic reaction center subunits and proteins of rna metabolism. | the h subunit of the purple bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (prc-h) is important for the assembly of the photosynthetic reaction center and appears to regulate electron transfer during the reduction of the secondary quinone. it contains a distinct cytoplasmic beta-barrel domain whose fold has no close structural relationship to any other well known beta-barrel domain. | 2002 | 12429060 |
| improved analytical methods for microarray-based genome-composition analysis. | whereas genome sequencing has given us high-resolution pictures of many different species of bacteria, microarrays provide a means of obtaining information on genome composition for many strains of a given species. genome-composition analysis using microarrays, or 'genomotyping', can be used to categorize genes into 'present' and 'divergent' categories based on the level of hybridization signal. this typically involves selecting a signal value that is used as a cutoff to discriminate present (hi ... | 2002 | 12429064 |
| peripheral neuropathies and anti-glycolipid antibodies. | this review charts the progress of anti-glycolipid antibodies in neuropathy, from their original discovery 20 years ago in immunoglobulin m paraproteinaemic neuropathy through to current discoveries mapping their relationship to subtypes of guillain-barré syndrome. antibodies to >20 different glycolipids have now been associated with a wide range of clinically identifiable acute and chronic neuropathy syndromes. particular progress has been achieved in understanding the link between acute motor ... | 2002 | 12429589 |
| identification of campylobacter jejuni isolates from cloacal and carcass swabs of chickens in thailand by a 5' nuclease fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction assay. | a rapid 5' nuclease fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for identifying campylobacter jejuni was applied to campylobacter isolates from chicken cloacal and carcass swabs collected from three chicken farms and a slaughterhouse in thailand. the primers and the probe were based on the sequence of the gyra gene in c jejuni. c. jejuni isolates were identified by fluorogenic pcr assay of bacterial cells directly from campylobacter-selective agar medium. this assay allowed the identificat ... | 2002 | 12430691 |
| structures of two polysaccharides of campylobacter jejuni 81116. | campylobacter jejuni 81116 has been extensively investigated in studies on genes associated with the synthesis of campylobacter lipopoly/lipooligosaccharides (lps/los). despite these investigations, data on the chemical structure of polysaccharides from c. jejuni 81116 have been absent. the present study was undertaken to fill that void. biomass was grown in large quantities on agar medium, harvested and extracted by hot phenol-water extraction. subsequently, extracts were treated by dnase, rnas ... | 2002 | 12433486 |
| speciating campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from poultry and humans using six pcr-based assays. | six previously published polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays each targeting different genes were used to speciate 116 isolates previously identified as campylobacter jejuni using routine microbiological techniques. of the 116 isolates, 84 were of poultry origin and 32 of human origin. the six pcr assays confirmed the species identities of 31 of 32 (97%) human isolates and 56 of 84 (67%) poultry isolates as c. jejuni. twenty eight of 84 (33%) poultry isolates were identified as campylobacter c ... | 2002 | 12435503 |
| fibronectin-facilitated invasion of t84 eukaryotic cells by campylobacter jejuni occurs preferentially at the basolateral cell surface. | previous studies have indicated that the ability to bind to fibronectin is a key feature in successful cell invasion by campylobacter jejuni. given the spatial distribution of fibronectin and the architecture of the epithelium, this suggests the possibility that c. jejuni cell invasion might preferentially occur at the basolateral cell surface. to test this hypothesis, we examined the interaction of c. jejuni with t84 human colonic cells. when grown under the appropriate conditions, t84 cells fo ... | 2002 | 12438340 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari, and campylobacter coli in different ecological guilds and taxa of migrating birds. | a total of 1,794 migrating birds trapped at a coastal site in southern sweden were sampled for detection of campylobacter spp. all isolates phenotypically identified as campylobacter jejuni and a subset of those identified as non-c. jejuni were identified to the species level by pcr-based techniques. c. jejuni was found in 5.0% of the birds, campylobacter lari was found in 5.6%, and campylobacter coli was found in 0.9%. an additional 10.7% of the tested birds were infected with hippurate hydroly ... | 2002 | 12450810 |
| molecular subtype analyses of campylobacter spp. from arkansas and california poultry operations. | campylobacter isolates from diverse samples within broiler production and processing environments were typed by using flaa short variable region dna sequence analysis. sixteen flocks from four different farms representing two broiler producers in arkansas and california were analyzed. fourteen of the flocks (87.5%) were campylobacter-positive; two remained negative throughout the 6-week rearing period. in general, multiple clones were present within a flock. additionally, clones found within a f ... | 2002 | 12450847 |
| direct identification in food samples of listeria spp. and listeria monocytogenes by molecular methods. | a new molecular approach for the detection and identification of listeria spp. and listeria monocytogenes in food is presented here. the method is based on the pcr amplification of a fragment of the iap gene from the five species belonging to the genus and on the analysis of the pcr products obtained by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). the protocol was first optimized by using strains from international collections. based on the differences present in the sequences amplified, it w ... | 2002 | 12450852 |
| genetic diversity of intimin genes of attaching and effacing escherichia coli strains. | in this study, we determined the sequences of four intimin variant genes detected in attaching and effacing escherichia coli isolates of human origin. three of them were novel and were designated eae-eta (eta), eae-iota (iota), and eae-kappa (kappa). the fourth was identical to the recently described eae-zeta (zeta), isolated from a bovine e. coli o84:nm isolate. we compared these sequences with those of published intimin-alpha, intimin-beta, intimin-gamma1, intimin-gamma2, intimin- epsilon, and ... | 2002 | 12454140 |
| campylobacter jejuni in black-headed gulls (larus ridibundus): prevalence, genotypes, and influence on c. jejuni epidemiology. | campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease in which birds have been suggested to play an important role as a reservoir. we investigated the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni in black-headed gulls (larus ridibundus) in southern sweden with the aim of examining the nature of c. jejuni infection in this bird species. birds were sampled in four sampling series each year during 1999 (n = 419) and 2000 (n = 365). longitudinally sampled c. jejuni isolates from individual gulls were subject ... | 2002 | 12454158 |
| colony multiplex pcr assay for identification and differentiation of campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, c. lari, c. upsaliensis, and c. fetus subsp. fetus. | a multiplex pcr assay was used to simultaneously detect genes from the five major clinically relevant campylobacter spp. those genes selected were hipo and 23s rrna from campylobacter jejuni; glya from each of c. coli, c. lari, and c. upsaliensis; and sapb2 from c. fetus subsp. fetus. the assay was evaluated with 137 clinical and environmental isolates and was found to be rapid and easy to perform and had a high sensitivity and specificity for characterizing isolates, even in mixed cultures. | 2002 | 12454184 |
| evolutionary analyses of the small subunit of glutamate synthase: gene order conservation, gene fusions, and prokaryote-to-eukaryote lateral gene transfers. | lateral gene transfer has been identified as an important mode of genome evolution within prokaryotes. except for the special case of gene transfer from organelle genomes to the eukaryotic nucleus, only a few cases of lateral gene transfer involving eukaryotes have been described. here we present phylogenetic and gene order analyses on the small subunit of glutamate synthase (encoded by gltd) and its homologues, including the large subunit of sulfide dehydrogenase (encoded by suda). the scattere ... | 2002 | 12455964 |
| [outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by campylobacter jejuni transmitted through drinking water]. | the aim of this study was to conduct a clinical-epidemiological and microbiological investigation into an outbreak of waterborne disease caused by campylobacter jejuni due to the consumption of drinking water. | 2002 | 12459108 |
| n-linked glycosylation in campylobacter jejuni and its functional transfer into e. coli. | n-linked protein glycosylation is the most abundant posttranslation modification of secretory proteins in eukaryotes. a wide range of functions are attributed to glycan structures covalently linked to asparagine residues within the asparagine-x-serine/threonine consensus sequence (asn-xaa-ser/thr). we found an n-linked glycosylation system in the bacterium campylobacter jejuni and demonstrate that a functional n-linked glycosylation pathway could be transferred into escherichia coli. although th ... | 2002 | 12459590 |
| bactericidal activity of phlorotannins from the brown alga ecklonia kurome. | the bactericidal activity of phlorotannins from brown algae against food-borne pathogenic bacteria (25 strains), methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) (nine strains) and streptococcus pyogenes (one strain) was examined and compared with that of catechins. in addition, the effect of the oral administration of phlorotannins on mice was investigated. phlorotannins, which are oligomers of phloroglucinol, were extracted from thalli of the brown alga ecklonia kurome and prepared by silici ... | 2002 | 12461009 |
| a strategy to retrieve the whole set of protein modules in microbial proteomes. | protein homology is often limited to long structural segments that we have previously called modules. we describe here a suite of programs used to catalog the whole set of modules present in microbial proteomes. first, the darwin allall program detects homologous segments using thresholds for evolutionary distance and alignment length, and another program classifies these modules. after assembling these homologous modules in families, we further group families which are related by a chain of nei ... | 2002 | 12466301 |
| elucidation of structure-function relationships in the protein subunit of bacterial rnase p using a genetic complementation approach. | rnase p is a ribonucleoprotein involved in trna biosynthesis in all living organisms. bacterial rnase p is comprised of a catalytic rna subunit and a lone protein cofactor which plays a supporting, albeit essential, role in the trna processing reaction in vivo. in this study, we have searched various databases to identify homologs of the protein subunit of rnase p from diverse bacteria and used an alignment of their primary sequences to determine the most highly conserved residues, and thereby e ... | 2002 | 12466529 |
| rapid pcr using nested primers of the 16s rrna and the hippuricase (hip o) genes to detect campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in environmental samples. | identification of sources campylobacter infection in the poultry houses is in general problematic due to the lack of reliable methods to detect campylobacteria in environmental samples. detection of campylobacteria in environmental samples by conventional culture methods is difficult and of limited sensitivity due to the use of selective media, the low number of bacteria in the samples and possibly also due to the presence of non-culturable or sub-lethally injured stages of the bacteria. the pre ... | 2002 | 12477440 |
| a polyphosphate kinase (ppk2) widely conserved in bacteria. | synthesis of inorganic polyphosphate (poly p) from the terminal phosphate of atp is catalyzed reversibly by poly p kinase (ppk, now designated ppk1) initially isolated from escherichia coli. ppk1 is highly conserved in many bacteria, including some of the major pathogens such as pseudomonas aeruginosa. in a null mutant of p. aeruginosa lacking ppk1, we have discovered a previously uncharacterized ppk activity (designated ppk2) distinguished from ppk1 by the following: synthesis of poly p from gt ... | 2002 | 12486232 |
| interaction between probiotic lactic acid bacteria and canine enteric pathogens: a risk factor for intestinal enterococcus faecium colonization? | selected probiotic lactic acid bacteria (lab) have been shown to elicit positive health effects particularly in humans. competitive exclusion of pathogens is one of the most important beneficial health claims of probiotic bacteria. the effect of probiotic lab on competitive exclusion of pathogens has been demonstrated in humans, chicken and pigs. in this study we evaluated the ability of certain lab strains (lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, bifidobacterium lactis bb12, lactobacillus pentosus uk1a, l. ... | 2003 | 12488075 |
| resistance to quinolones in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from danish broilers at farm level. | to investigate the prevalence of quinolone resistance among campylobacter jejuni and camp. coli isolates from danish poultry at the farm level, as well as for the whole country. | 2003 | 12492931 |
| surveillance of bacterial pathogens of diarrhea disease in indonesia. | emerging or reemerging infections due to bacterial disease may be a local, regional or global problem. bacterial acute gastroenteritis is a potential cause of substantial morbidity in travelers and deployed u.s. military personnel. a surveillance study was conducted over a two-year period in indonesia among 6760 patients with debilitating diarrheal diseases. of the 6,760 patients, 587 (9%) of the patient stools were positive for bacteria. the proportions of bacteria isolated from the 587 patient ... | 2002 | 12493168 |
| fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter species from man and animals: detection of mutations in topoisomerase genes. | consecutive isolates of quinolone-resistant campylobacter isolated over a 5 year period (1990-1995) from the faeces of patients with enteritis in plymouth, uk, were examined for the epidemiology of mutations in gyra (n = 127). in addition, clinical isolates and poultry isolates from germany, the netherlands and other regions of the uk collected before 1995 were examined for mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyra by single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis an ... | 2003 | 12493783 |
| campylobacter colonization of the crops of newly hatched leghorn chicks. | we have studied colonization of crops in newly hatched leghorn chicks (a layer breed) by wild-type and mutant strains of campylobacter jejuni. we established that the wild-type parent strain forms a stable population level within the crop and that the mutant strains will do likewise. concentrations of mutant strains in the crop were usually below that of the wild-type parent strain and ranged from 10(3) to 10(5) colony-forming units. these results differ from results we have previously reported ... | 2002 | 12495061 |
| pathogenicity and immune response measured in mice following intranasal challenge with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains h10407 and b7a. | the pathogenicity and immunogenicity induced in balb/c mice by intranasal (i.n.) inoculation of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains h10407 (o78:h11:cfa/i:lt(+):st(+)) and b7a (o148:h28:cs6:lt(+):st(+)) (two etec strains previously used in human challenge trials) were studied. the i.n. inoculation of balb/c mice with large doses of etec strains h10407 and b7a caused illness and death. the h10407 strain was found to be consistently more virulent than the b7a strain. following i.n. chal ... | 2003 | 12496144 |
| campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin promotes dna repair responses in normal human cells. | cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) is a multisubunit protein found in various gram-negative bacterial pathogens of humans which is thought to cause cell death by direct dna damage of host cells. we sought to determine if a cellular response to dna damage could be detected by exogenous addition of the holotoxin. exogenous addition of the campylobacter jejuni 81-176 cdt to primary human fibroblasts resulted in formation of rad50 foci, which are formed around double-stranded-dna breaks. moreover, su ... | 2003 | 12496208 |
| increasing fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter jejuni, pennsylvania, usa,1982-2001. | fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter jejuni has been observed worldwide and is now being seen in the united states. among patients in our health-care system in pennsylvania, fluoroquinolone-resistant c. jejuni were not observed from 1982 to 1992; however, resistance increased to 40.5% in 2001. resistance to erythromycin remains at a low level (<5%). | 2002 | 12498672 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter strains isolated from finnish subjects infected domestically or from those infected abroad. | the in vitro susceptibilities of 678 campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains isolated from stool samples of the same number of finnish subjects were studied. a total of 523 patients, representing inhabitants from throughout finland, had not traveled abroad within the 2 weeks prior to becoming ill, whereas 155 persons had presumably acquired their infections abroad. the antimicrobial agents studied were erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, and moxifloxacin. the mi ... | 2003 | 12499176 |
| in vivo selection of campylobacter isolates with high levels of fluoroquinolone resistance associated with gyra mutations and the function of the cmeabc efflux pump. | enrofloxacin treatment of chickens infected with fluoroquinolone(fq)-sensitive campylobacter promoted the emergence of fq-resistant campylobacter mutants which propagated in the intestinal tract and recolonized the chickens. the recovered isolates were highly resistant to quinolone antibiotics but remained susceptible to non-fq antimicrobial agents. specific single-point mutations in the gyra gene and the function of the cmeabc efflux pump were linked to the acquired fq resistance. these results ... | 2003 | 12499221 |
| whole-proteome interaction mining. | motivation: a major post-genomic scientific and technological pursuit is to describe the functions performed by the proteins encoded by the genome. one strategy is to first identify the protein-protein interactions in a proteome, then determine pathways and overall structure relating these interactions, and finally to statistically infer functional roles of individual proteins. although huge amounts of genomic data are at hand, current experimental protein interaction assays must overcome techni ... | 2003 | 12499302 |
| enhanced surveillance of campylobacter infection in the north west of england 1997-1999. | to identify sources and routes of infection for sporadic cases of campylobacter infection in the north west of england. | 2003 | 12504607 |
| flagella and motility in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae has been considered nonmotile and nonflagellate. in this work, it is demonstrated that a. pleuropneumoniae produces flagella composed of a 65-kda protein with an n-terminal amino acid sequence that shows 100% identity with those of escherichia coli, salmonella, and shigella flagellins. the dna sequence obtained through pcr of the flic gene in a. pleuropneumoniae showed considerable identity (93%) in its 5' and 3' ends with the dna sequences of corresponding genes ... | 2003 | 12511514 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni in healthy monkeys and monkeys with enteric infections by pcr. | campylobacter were detected by pcr in feces of monkeys of different species (clinically healthy, with diarrhea, and dead from acute enteric infections). high prevalence of these bacteria in monkeys was revealed. the incidence of c. jejuni dna in monkeys with acute enteric infections was higher than in healthy animals (69.6 and 51.3%, respectively). the highest percentage (92.3) of positive results was observed in macaca mulatta with enteric diseases and in macaque dead of these diseases. the pre ... | 2002 | 12512007 |
| investigation on the inhibition of campylobacter jejuni growth with the applications of some preservatives, medicines, herbs and herb preparations. | the aim of this study was to determine the influence of chosen preservatives, medicines, herbs and herb preparations on 39 campylobacter jejuni strains, which were isolated from fresh poultry carcasses. de-nol and ventrisol were used in the original concentration. propolis, propolan, artecholin and aukalen were of pharmacies origin. the rest of substances examined were 10% water solutions. out of 11 substances examined, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, de-nol and ventrisol exerted the stronge ... | 2002 | 12512554 |
| survival and resuscitation of ten strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli under acid conditions. | the culturability of 10 strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli was studied after the bacteria were exposed to acid conditions for various periods of time. campylobacter cells could not survive 2 h under acid conditions (formic acid at ph 4). the 10 campylobacter strains could not be recovered, even when enrichment media were used. viable cells, however, could be detected by a double-staining (5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride [ctc]-4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole [dapi]) te ... | 2003 | 12514068 |
| algorithms for computing parsimonious evolutionary scenarios for genome evolution, the last universal common ancestor and dominance of horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of prokaryotes. | comparative analysis of sequenced genomes reveals numerous instances of apparent horizontal gene transfer (hgt), at least in prokaryotes, and indicates that lineage-specific gene loss might have been even more common in evolution. this complicates the notion of a species tree, which needs to be re-interpreted as a prevailing evolutionary trend, rather than the full depiction of evolution, and makes reconstruction of ancestral genomes a non-trivial task. | 2003 | 12515582 |
| no simple dependence between protein evolution rate and the number of protein-protein interactions: only the most prolific interactors tend to evolve slowly. | it has been suggested that rates of protein evolution are influenced, to a great extent, by the proportion of amino acid residues that are directly involved in protein function. in agreement with this hypothesis, recent work has shown a negative correlation between evolutionary rates and the number of protein-protein interactions. however, the extent to which the number of protein-protein interactions influences evolutionary rates remains unclear. here, we address this question at several differ ... | 2003 | 12515583 |
| comparative genotyping of campylobacter jejuni by amplified fragment length polymorphism, multilocus sequence typing, and short repeat sequencing: strain diversity, host range, and recombination. | three molecular typing methods were used to study the relationships among 184 campylobacter strains isolated from humans, cattle, and chickens. all strains were genotyped by amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis, multilocus sequence typing (mlst), and sequence analysis of a genomic region with short tandem repeats designated clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crisprs). mlst and aflp analysis yielded more than 100 different profiles and patterns, respectiv ... | 2003 | 12517820 |
| detection, isolation, and molecular subtyping of escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter jejuni associated with a large waterborne outbreak. | the largest reported outbreak of waterborne escherichia coli o157:h7 in the united states occurred in upstate new york following a county fair in august 1999. culture methods were used to isolate e. coli o157:h7 from specimens from 128 of 775 patients with suspected infections. campylobacter jejuni was also isolated from stools of 44 persons who developed diarrheal illness after attending this fair. there was one case of a confirmed coinfection with e. coli o157:h7 and c. jejuni. molecular detec ... | 2003 | 12517844 |
| genetic diversity of neisseria gonorrhoeae housekeeping genes. | molecular typing of neisseria gonorrhoeae strains is an important tool for epidemiological studies of gonococcal infection and transmission. the recently developed multilocus sequence typing (mlst) method is based on the genetic variation among housekeeping genes. as a preliminary investigation for the development of such a method, we characterized the genetic diversity at 18 gonococcal housekeeping gene loci. approximately 17,500 nucleotides, spanning 18 loci, were sequenced from 24 isolates. i ... | 2003 | 12517848 |
| comparison of lightcycler pcr, rapid antigen immunoassay, and culture for detection of group a streptococci from throat swabs. | we compared the performance characteristics of a real-time pcr method, the lightcycler strep-a assay (roche applied science, indianapolis, ind.), to those of a rapid antigen immunoassay, the directigen 1-2-3 group a strep test kit (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md.), and a standard culture method for detection of group a streptococci (gas) from 384 throat swabs. the lightcycler pcr produced more positive results (n = 58) than either culture (n = 55) or the directigen immunoassay (n = 31). the r ... | 2003 | 12517855 |
| evaluation of 11 pcr assays for species-level identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | we examined the sensitivity and specificity of 11 pcr assays described for the species identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by using 111 type, reference, and field strains of c. jejuni, c. coli, and campylobacter lari. for six assays, an additional 21 type strains representing related campylobacter, arcobacter, and helicobacter species were also included. pcr tests were initially established in the laboratory by optimizing conditions with respect to five type and referen ... | 2003 | 12517869 |
| real-time pcr assay for rapid and accurate detection of point mutations conferring resistance to clarithromycin in helicobacter pylori. | the main cause of failure of helicobacter pylori eradication therapy is resistance to clarithromycin. the resistance is due to three point mutations in two positions on the 23s rrna (a2142c, a2142g, and a2143g). our aim was to develop a rapid and accurate method to detect these mutations directly on biopsy specimens. we developed a real-time pcr that included a simultaneous detection of the amplicons by hybridization of two probes labeled with lc-red and fluorescein by using the fluorescence res ... | 2003 | 12517879 |
| epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibilities of 111 campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus strains isolated in québec, canada, from 1983 to 2000. | the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibilities of 111 campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus strains isolated from 103 patients from 1983 to 2000 in québec, canada, were determined. the median number of patients infected annually with this bacteria was seven, with an incidence of 0.1 per 100,000 population. the male-to-female ratio was 1.1 to 1.0. the patients originated from 13 of the 18 québec socioeconomic regions. the age range of the patients was 6 months to 90 years old, 53% being > or = 70 ... | 2003 | 12517895 |
| reductive genome evolution in buchnera aphidicola. | we have sequenced the genome of the intracellular symbiont buchnera aphidicola from the aphid baizongia pistacea. this strain diverged 80-150 million years ago from the common ancestor of two previously sequenced buchnera strains. here, a field-collected, nonclonal sample of insects was used as source material for laboratory procedures. as a consequence, the genome assembly unveiled intrapopulational variation, consisting of approximately 1,200 polymorphic sites. comparison of the 618-kb (kbp) g ... | 2003 | 12522265 |
| selection and characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of campylobacter jejuni using enrofloxacin. | significant levels of fluoroquinolone resistance were obtained in campylobacterjejuni isolates after an unique step of selection using enrofloxacin. an asp90-to-asn and a thr86-to-ile change in the gyrase subunit gyra were found associated with a low (mic < or = 8 /microg/ml) or a high (mic > or = 16 microg/ml) level of resistance to ciprofloxacin, respectively. an association of both mutations conferred a higher level of resistance (mic > or = 128 microg/ml). further steps of selection increase ... | 2002 | 12523631 |
| colonisation phenotype and colonisation potential differences in campylobacter jejuni strains in chickens before and after passage in vivo. | campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from chicken faeces and from humans suffering from gastroenteritis were used to determine the colonisation phenotypes and colonisation potential of these strains in chickens. five different colonisation types were observed ranging from immediate and sustained colonisation to completely non-colonising. phenotype one showed immediate colonisation with prolonged excretion of viable c. jejuni bacteria. phenotype two showed delayed colonisation with prolonged exc ... | 2003 | 12523984 |
| noti passporting to identify species composition of complex microbial systems. | we describe here a new method for large-scale scanning of microbial genomes on a quantitative and qualitative basis. to achieve this aim we propose to create noti passports: databases containing noti tags. we demonstrated that these tags comprising 19 bp of sequence information could be successfully generated using dna isolated from intestinal or fecal samples. such noti passports allow the discrimination between closely related bacterial species and even strains. this procedure for generating r ... | 2003 | 12527794 |
| application of single-strand conformation polymorphism and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis for fla sequence typing of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a frequent cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans all over the world. several molecular typing methods are used to study the epidemiology of campylobacter spp. infections. the aim of the present study was to investigate the application of single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis as rapid primary subtyping methods for c. jejuni. a variable fragment from the 3' end of the flaa to the 3' end of the inter ... | 2003 | 12531499 |
| rates and consequences of recombination between rrna operons. | a mutant strain of escherichia coli was created by inserting a cassette encoding sucrose sensitivity and neomycin resistance (sacb-neo) into the small-subunit rrna-encoding gene rrs in the rrnb operon. during growth in a complex medium, the cassette was lost from the population, and a complete rrs gene was restored at a rate of 5 x 10(-9) per cell division. repair of this lesion required flanking regions of dna that were similar to the six remaining intact rrna operons and reestablished the full ... | 2003 | 12533472 |
| the iron-binding protein dps confers hydrogen peroxide stress resistance to campylobacter jejuni. | we identified and characterized the iron-binding protein dps from campylobacter jejuni. electron microscopic analysis of this protein revealed a spherical structure of 8.5 nm in diameter, with an electron-dense core similar to those of other proteins of the dps (dna-binding protein from starved cells) family. cloning and sequencing of the dps-encoding gene (dps) revealed that a 450-bp open reading frame (orf) encoded a protein of 150 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 17,332 da. ami ... | 2003 | 12533477 |
| reference isolates for the clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni. | to identify and make available through the national collection of type cultures (nctc) a set of reference isolates for the clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni. | 2003 | 12535131 |
| [some differences on biological characteristics of campylobacter jejuni]. | fecal samples from 195 diarrheic patients in different age, rectal and cloacal swabs from 656 normal and diarrheic animals and poultry, 108 visceral materials from the dead animals with diarrhoea were cultured for compylobacter jejuni. a total of 458 strains of campylobacters (445 strains of c. jejuni, 13 strains of c. coli) were isolated and identified, and some biological characteristics of these strains were observed. lior's biotyping scheme was used for biotyping 354 strains of campylobacter ... | 2000 | 12548753 |
| [study on the physicochemical properties of campylobacter jejuni enterotoxin]. | precipitate of campylobacter jejuni cytotonic enterotoxin(ce) performed in an 80% saturated solution of ammonium sulfateit indicated that there were some little molecular proteins except the 68 kd main band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(sds-page), whereas the eluate from gm1 ganglioside affinity column chromatography exhibited only one 68 kd band on sds-page. the results suggest that ce mainly be consisted of 68 kd protein. the toxin is heat-labile, ph dependent an ... | 2000 | 12548883 |
| prevalence of enteric pathogens in dogs of north-central colorado. | to evaluate the prevalence of enteric pathogens in dogs of north-central colorado, fecal samples were obtained from client-owned dogs presented to the veterinary teaching hospital at colorado state university for evaluation of acute small-bowel, large-bowel, or mixed-bowel diarrhea (n=71) and from age-matched, client-owned, healthy dogs (n=59). infectious agents potentially associated with gastrointestinal disease were detected in 34 of 130 (26.1%) fecal samples. agents with zoonotic potential w ... | 2003 | 12549614 |
| two hsp70 family members expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. | gene expression profiling was carried out comparing con a elicited peritoneal macrophages from c57bl6 and fvbn wild-type and apolipoprotein (apo)e knockout mice. an est, was expressed at higher levels in c57bl6 compared with fvbn mice. mapped to an atherosclerosis susceptibility locus on chromosome 19 revealed in an intercross between atherosclerosis-susceptible c57bl6 and atherosclerosis-resistant fvbn apoe knockout mice. a combination of database search and northern analysis confirmed that cor ... | 2003 | 12552099 |
| campylobacter transmission in a peruvian shantytown: a longitudinal study using strain typing of campylobacter isolates from chickens and humans in household clusters. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of pediatric diarrhea in developing countries-free-ranging chickens are presumed to be a common source. campylobacter strains from monthly surveillance and diarrhea cases were compared by means of restriction-fragment length polymorphism (rflp), rapid amplified polymorphic dna, and lior serotyping. rflp analysis of 156 human and 682 avian strains demonstrated identical strains in chickens and humans in 29 (70.7%) of 41 families, and 35%-39% of human isolates ... | 2003 | 12552450 |
| enhancement of disease and pathology by synergy of trichuris suis and campylobacter jejuni in the colon of immunologically naive swine. | campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, has different age distribution and disease expression in developing and developed countries, which may be due to the endemnicity of infection and the age of acquisition of immunity. differences in disease expression are not solely dependent on the c jejuni strain or virulence attributes. another modulating factor in developing countries may be endemic nematode infections such as trichuris, which drive type 2 cytokine responses a ... | 2003 | 12556152 |
| high resolution genotyping of campylobacter jejuni strains by macrorestriction analysis with xhoi and polymerase chain reaction targeting enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences: can we predict the zoonotic potential of strains? | campylobacter jejuni isolates of human, canine, feline, bovine and poultry origin were investigated for their genomic diversity using o-antigen typing (n = 271), smai (n = 158) and xhoi (n = 158) macrorestriction analysis and eric-pcr (n = 107). the o-antigens o:1/44, o:2, o:4 complex, o:37. o:40 were identified and 53.7% of the human and 56.1% of the animal strains were typable with the available antisera. two eric-pcr pattern groups were generated representing human and animal strains as well ... | 2002 | 12558325 |
| campylobacter jejuni binds intestinal h(o) antigen (fuc alpha 1, 2gal beta 1, 4glcnac), and fucosyloligosaccharides of human milk inhibit its binding and infection. | the most common cause of infant mortality is diarrhea; the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea is campylobacter jejuni, which is also the primary cause of motor neuron paralysis. the first step in campylobacter pathogenesis is adherence to intestinal mucosa. we found that such binding was inhibited in vitro by human milk and, with high avidity, by alpha1,2-fucosylated carbohydrate moieties containing the h(o) blood group epitope (fuc alpha 1,2gal beta 1,4glcnac em leader ). in studies on the ... | 2003 | 12562767 |