| tandem repeated dna in an intergenic region of herpes simplex virus type 1 (patton). | when the entire us region of hsv-1 (patton) was cloned as an ecori fragment in bacteriophage lambda gtwes, the bamhi b6b5 fragment was observed to vary in size among independent isolates [umene and enquist, gene 13 (1981) 251-268]. this fragment polymorphism also occurred in dna of hsv-1 single plaque isolates. we report here that this heterogeneity is due to variation in copy number of a 15-bp tandem repeat of sequence 5'-ccactccccacccac-3', which apparently lies in an intergenic region of the ... | 1984 | 6096222 |
| sequence of the putative origin of replication in the ul region of herpes simplex virus type 1 ang dna. | interest has been stimulated concerning the region mapping between 0.38 and 0.42 on the prototype configuration of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genome due to the high probability of the presence there of a second origin of dna replication. a 960 bp restriction fragment (hinfi e) of a class ii defective hsv-1 ang dna has been sequenced using the viral dna rather than molecularly cloned dna. this fragment includes the bamhi u/r cleavage site, mapping at approximately 0.4. part of the se ... | 1984 | 6096489 |
| pathogenesis of genital herpes simplex virus infection in mice. iii. comparison of the virulence of wild and mutant strains. | this study was undertaken to establish the role of virulence of various herpes simplex virus (hsv) strains in the course of infection when applying the virus to the non-injured mucous membranes of mice. wild-type hsv-type 1 (hsv-1) strains with marked differences in their neurovirulence following intracerebral inoculation showed minor differences in virulence after vaginal inoculation, but essentially their neurovirulence in cerebral infection corresponded to their virulence on the mucous membra ... | 1984 | 6096684 |
| cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection of the guinea pig: lack of resistance to acyclovir and phosphonoformic acid after topical treatment. | guinea pigs were infected cutaneously with hsv1 and treated topically with acyclovir or phosphonoformic acid (0.1% to 0.5% solution), or with a combination of both. the therapy was clinically effective and the virus content in the skin diminished. virus harvests from skin areas in no case showed increased drug resistance, as tested by plaque reduction. | 1984 | 6096685 |
| enhanced reactivation and enhanced mutagenesis of herpes simplex virus in normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum cells. | enhanced reactivation (er) and enhanced mutagenesis (em) of herpes simplex virus type 1 were studied simultaneously in uv-irradiated stationary cultures of diploid normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum (xp) fibroblasts. mutagenesis was assayed with unirradiated herpes simplex virus type 1 as a probe in a forward mutation assay (resistance to iododeoxycytidine). dose-response studies showed that er increased with the uv dose given to the virus. optimal reactivation levels were obtained when norm ... | 1984 | 6096694 |
| characterisation and physical mapping of an hsv-1 glycoprotein of approximately 115 x 10(3) molecular weight. | a type-specific monoclonal antibody that efficiently neutralises hsv-1 immunoprecipitated a glycoprotein of slightly greater electrophoretic mobility than gb from hsv-1 infected cells. pulse and pulse chase experiments indicate that this glycoprotein is distinct from hsv-1 glycoproteins gb, gc, gd, and ge. this was confirmed by the reactions of lp11 with a series of intertypic recombinants the results of which indicate that the lp11 target gene is located close to the hsv-1 thymidine kinase gene ... | 1984 | 6097034 |
| antiherpesvirus action of atropine. | the antimuscarinic compound atropine shows an antiherpesvirus effect as measured by the protection of the cell monolayer and the reduction of the formation of new infectious virus. atropine at a concentration of 200 micrograms/ml blocks the production of new infectious herpes simplex virus-type 1 virions. at that concentration, it has almost no effect on cellular or viral protein synthesis even when atropine is present from the beginning of the infection. the glycosylation of viral proteins is a ... | 1984 | 6097175 |
| metabolic fate of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine in herpes simplex virus- and mock-infected cells. | (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine is a potent antiherpes compound with far better activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 than type 2. to understand the role of drug metabolism in this differential antiviral activity, we examined the metabolic fate of this drug in virus-infected and mock-infected vero cells by high-pressure liquid chromatography. after 8 h of incubation in which cells were exposed to 10 micrograms of the drug per ml, 63 pmol/10(6) cells of the parent compound was detecte ... | 1984 | 6097176 |
| the relationship between the antiviral activity of 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine and its incorporation into herpes simplex virus type 1 dna. | as part of our studies on the molecular basis for the antiherpes activity of 5'-adthd (5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine), a study of the hsv-1 dna synthesized in infected vero cells exposed to 5'-adthd was undertaken. unlike many other antiviral nucleoside analogs, 5'-adthd did not inhibit hsv-1 dna synthesis. analysis of the dna synthesized in the presence of [14c]5'-adthd revealed that the analog was incorporated into the viral dna in a dose-dependent manner and that the degree of incorporation corr ... | 1984 | 6097180 |
| synthesis and in vitro antiviral activity of 3'-o-acyl derivatives of 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine: potential prodrugs for topical application. | a series of 3'-o-acyl derivatives of 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine (5'-nh2-tdr) (iiia-j) was synthesized by acylation of 5'-azido-5'-deoxythymidine (i). the resulting acetoxy azides were reduced by catalytic hydrogenation to give the corresponding amines. the antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) in vitro, the aqueous solubilities, and the octanol-water partition coefficients of these compounds were determined. all these derivatives have shown potency against hsv-1 virus si ... | 1984 | 6097664 |
| trans activation of transcription by herpes virus products: requirement for two hsv-1 immediate-early polypeptides for maximum activity. | the transcriptional programme of the herpes viruses is organised into three principal phases. the immediate-early (ie) genes are the first to be transcribed, by the pre-existing host rna polymerase ii, and their promoters are strongly stimulated by a polypeptide component of the virus particle. the e and l gene promoters become active only after the appearance of ie gene products. genetic and biochemical evidence has shown that the hsv-1 ie polypeptide vmw175 (icp 4) is essential for the trans a ... | 1984 | 6098466 |
| monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex viruses. | hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against hsv-1 and 2 have been produced. balb/c mice were immunized by footpad infection and boosted by i.v. injection of viral antigens extracted from virus infected balb/c fibroblasts. after fusion hybrid cells were screened for antibody production by elisa and indirect immunofluorescence (iif). in our hands, iif had similar sensitivity and higher specificity than elisa but was more time-consuming. selected hybridomas have been characterized ... | 1984 | 6098497 |
| isolation of human dnas homologous to the bamhi-z fragment of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna. | human dna hybridizes with the bamhi-z fragment (map coordinates 0.936 to 0.949) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna. to characterize the bamhi-z homologue of human dna, we isolated six independent hybrid phages with a sequence homologous to the bamhi-z fragment from a human genomic dna library. three of the six had a common 1.2-kb bamhi-ecori fragment homologous to the bamhi-z, and this fragment existed as 10-60 copies per human haploid genome. a 0.29-kb mboii segment of the bamhi-z fragm ... | 1984 | 6098540 |
| inappropriate peripheral blood lymphocyte responses to herpes viruses in patients with behçet's syndrome. | specific antibody production and the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbls) to a variety of viruses, including herpes simplex virus-type-1 (hsv-1) and varicella zoster (vz), were studied in 7 patients with behçet's syndrome. none of the patients produced an antibody response against hsv-1 or vz. furthermore, none of the patients showed a proliferative response to vz, and three of them also failed to mount a response to hsv-1. these results suggest that the pbls of patients ... | 1984 | 6098552 |
| the location of v-src in a retrovirus vector determines whether the virus is toxic or transforming. | we prepared infectious stocks of an avian retrovirus, a modified spleen necrosis virus, containing the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene and the avian sarcoma virus v-src gene. viruses were recovered after cotransfection of chicken cells with dna of recombinants between cloned spleen necrosis virus thymidine kinase and v-src and with dna of cloned reticuloendotheliosis virus strain a. when v-src was inserted near the 5'end of the viral genome, only low titers of recombinant virus ... | 1984 | 6098817 |
| expression of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein c antigens in escherichia coli. | dna fragments encoding structural information of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein c (gc) gene were cloned into puc plasmids [vieira and messing, gene 19 (1982) 259-268]. none of the hybrid plasmids were able to direct the synthesis of significant amounts of gc related peptides. several of the plasmid-bearing strains, however, exhibited inhibition characteristics which can be correlated with the presence on the plasmid of specific gc gene sequences. after insertion of gc dna f ... | 1984 | 6099309 |
| use of aggregating brain cultures to study the replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in central nervous system tissue. | a novel tissue culture system consisting of reaggregated embryonic mouse brain cells was used to examine the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) within central nervous system tissue. brain aggregates cultured 30-40 days in vitro demonstrated progressive maturation and differentiation into cells recognizable as neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, with the latter cell type exhibiting myelin production. mature aggregates were infected with hsv and sampled at ... | 1984 | 6099372 |
| construction of human cell lines which contain and express the adenovirus dna binding protein gene by cotransformation with the hsv-1 tk gene. | we have introduced the dna binding protein (dbp) gene of human adenovirus type 5 (ad5) into high molecular weight dna of permissive human cells by cotransformation of tk- cells with the cloned dbp and hsv-1 thymidine kinase genes. 110 tk+ cell lines were isolated after selection in hat medium. the amount and arrangement of adenovirus sequences in the tk+ cell lines were analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion and filter hybridization. twelve of the 110 lines carry at least a segment of th ... | 1984 | 6099656 |
| novel codon utilization within the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene. | the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the thymidine kinase genes encoded by vaccinia virus and herpes simplex virus (type 1) were analyzed, and there was no evidence of any significant homology. the manner in which the triplet code was used by each virus was also examined. the frequencies of codon utilization by the herpes virus gene were very similar to those used by most human genes, whereas the vaccinia virus gene was quite distinct, suggesting novel evolutionary and regulatory ... | 1984 | 6099662 |
| physical and biological consequences of incorporation of antiviral agents into virus dna. | the molecular basis for the antiviral activity is discussed for a variety of nucleoside compounds approved for clinical use in the u.s.a. (5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine), or in clinical trial (e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinosyl)-5-iodocytosine, 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), or of specific interest to our laboratory (5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-d ... | 1984 | 6099709 |
| effect of long-term application of snuff and herpes simplex virus 1 on rat oral mucosa. possible association with development of oral cancer. | in an animal model, the life-long effects of snuff administration were assessed alone and in combination with infection with herpes simplex virus (hsv-1). it was shown that exposure to standard and alkaline snuff and to hsv-1/snuff induced mild to severe hyperplasia, hyperorthokeratosis, varying degrees of vacuolization and acanthosis in the squamous epithelium, as well as atrophic and ulcerated lesions. ulcerations and mild dysplasia of the squamous epithelium were seen most frequently in hsv-1 ... | 1984 | 6099829 |
| synthesis and antiviral properties of 5-vinylpyrimidine nucleoside analogs. | 5-vinylpyrimidine nucleosides can be readily synthesized via organometallic intermediates from commercially available nucleosides. highly potent and selective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) are (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) and some related analogs such as (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (ivdu), 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-(e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil (bvarau) and (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxycytidine (bvdc). the selective antivir ... | 1984 | 6099893 |
| a new rapid immunoperoxidase diagnostic staining of herpes simplex virus 1 indolent corneal ulcer. | a tear film aspirate, from the lower fornix of a 64-year-old man with the clinical diagnosis of a herpes simplex indolent corneal ulcer, was examined via a new, rapid immunoperoxidase staining technique. this 4-hour modified immunoperoxidase stain is both sensitive and specific for herpes simplex virus type 1. the corneal epithelial cells shed in the tear film from the indolent ulcer were strongly positive for herpes simplex type 1 viral antigen using this new technique. this case report support ... | 1984 | 6100242 |
| role of cytomegalovirus in kaposi's sarcoma. | previous studies have established an association between cytomegalovirus (cmv) and classic and endemic kaposi's sarcoma (ks) which can be extended to include the epidemic form of ks. the identification of nucleic acid sequences homologous to cmv but not to epstein-barr virus (ebv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) as well as the detection of cmv gene products, particularly early antigens, in tumour biopsies and/or early cultures derived from them is an important criterio ... | 1984 | 6100282 |
| dissociation of the inhibitory effects of 2-deoxy-d-glucose on vero cell growth and the replication of herpes simplex virus. | vero cells treated for 24 h with a concentration of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2dglc) that inhibited the production of infectious herpes simplex virus type 1 grew at the same rate as untreated cells. longer exposures to 2dglc inhibited the growth of vero cells in a dose-dependent manner, but without any loss of viability, and could be reversed by replating the cells in the absence of drug. to exhibit antiviral activity, 2dglc had to be present during the replication cycle of herpes simplex virus type 1. ... | 1982 | 6100424 |
| identification of a gene function of herpes simplex virus type 1 essential for amplification of simian virus 40 dna sequences in transformed hamster cells. | infection with herpes simplex viruses (hsv) lead to a significant increase of the simian virus 40 (sv40) dna content in the sv40-transformed hamster cell lines co631 and elona. analysis of this gene-amplifying activity revealed (i) that it cosedimented with infectious herpesvirions in sucrose density gradients, (ii) that it was abolished by anti-hsv antibodies or (iii) by antiviral drugs acting on the hsv-induced dna polymerase; and analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants showed that this dna ... | 1984 | 6100573 |
| laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 infections. | | 1984 | 6100717 |
| [detection of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus by an immunoenzyme technic. comparison with complement fixation]. | | 1980 | 6100770 |
| deoxyribopyrimidine triphosphatase activity specific for cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | nuclei from baby hamster kidney cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 contain a virus-specific deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate degrading activity. the reaction proceeds at 4 degrees c and can thus be distinguished from host enzymes. under these conditions the enzyme is specific for deoxyribopyrimide triphosphates and catalyzes pyrophosphate cleavage to produce the monophosphates, dutp being the best substrate followed by dctp and dttp. the appearance of the activity after infection pa ... | 1980 | 6103541 |
| new model cell systems (pk and xtc-2) for studying acute and persistent infections with herpes simplex and pseudorabies viruses. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) showed limited replication in pk (pig kidney) and xtc-2 (xenopus laevis frog) cell lines. virus replication depended on the multiplicity of infection (moi). at a high moi, hsv-1 caused a typical cytopathic effect (cpe) in xtc-2 cells but a little marked cpe in pk cells. pseudorabies virus (prv) replicated intensively in pk cells (permissive system) but not in xtc-2 cells (nonpermissive system). both viruses were adsorbed on to pk and xtc-2 cells. in infected p ... | 1980 | 6106375 |
| detection of herpesvirus antigens by solid-phase radioimmunoassay with 125i-antiglobulin and 125i-protein a. | the binding of immune (is) and non-immune (ns) sera to herpes simplex virus type 1- (hsv-1) infected vero cells was tested by indirect solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) with radioiodinated swine anti-rabbit igg (125i-swar-igg) or staphylococcal protein a (125i-spa). to indicate the binding of non-immune igg molecules to virus-induced fc-receptors, the cells were incubated in the presence or absence of the glycosylation inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (dog). with 125i-swar-igg, the binding of both i ... | 1980 | 6106377 |
| preparation of immune serum to immediate early and early polypeptides specified by herpes simplex virus type 1. | an antiserum to the immediate early (ie) ana early (e) polypeptides specified in sirc cells within 4 hr post infection (p.i.) with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) was prepared in rabbits by sequential injections of two different antigens. the first antigen, which contained the alpha polypeptides, was prepared from infected cells treated for 5 hr with cycloheximide and incubated in the presence of actinomycin d. the second antigen contained all polypeptides, synthesized for 4 hr after removal ... | 1980 | 6107018 |
| restriction of latent herpes virus infection in rabbits immunized with subviral herpes simplex virus vaccine. | the ability of an experimental herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv) vaccine to influence the establishment of latent infection was examined. the virion-free vaccine was prepared from hsv 1-infected lep cells by extraction with nonidet p 40. albino rabbits were immunized with three doses of the subviral vaccine (strain kos) and challenged with 10(5) pfu of hsv 1 (kupka strain) into the right scarified cornea. non-immune controls and rabbits immunized with formalin-inactivated virion vaccine (strain ... | 1980 | 6107035 |
| raised cytomegalovirus-antibody level in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients. | the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of 60 schizophrenic patients and 26 controls were analysed for viral antibody against cytomegalovirus (cmv), vaccinia virus, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv), and type a influenza virus. a csf/serum antibody ratio more than 2 standard deviations above the mean of the controls suggested local antibody production in the central nervous system. 68% of the patients had an increased csf/serum antibody ratio for cmv antibody, 14% for vaccinia antibody, 4% for h ... | 1980 | 6107453 |
| immunogenicity of subviral herpes simplex virus preparations: protection of mice against intraperitoneal infection with live virus. | the capability of crude antigen extracts from herpes simplex virus type 1-infected human diploid cells (am) to induce protection against intraperitoneal challenge with homotypic but heterologous virus in mice was investigated. the administration of repeated doses of am without adjuvant failed to confer significant protection. but one relatively small dose of am with complete freund's adjuvant resulted in a protective effect. a good correlation was observed between the protective activity of am p ... | 1980 | 6111199 |
| induction of uracil-dna glycosylase and dutp nucleotidohydrolase activity in herpes simplex virus-infected human cells. | hela bu cells infected with either the type 1 or the type 2 forms of herpes simplex virus show an increase in the activities of uracil-dna glycosylase and dutp nucleotidohydrolase. under optimal conditions, uracil-dna glycosylase activity increases approximately 40-fold in hsv type 2-infected cells. in herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1-infected cells, uracil-dna glycosylase activity increases only 6-fold. at a kcl concentration of 100 mm, uracil-dna glycosylase derived from hsv type 2-infected c ... | 1981 | 6115860 |
| herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and multiple sclerosis. | a hypothesis is proposed which states that multiple sclerosis (ms) is caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in persons lacking herpes simplex virus type 1(hsv-1) immunity. it is examined by comparing the epidemiology of these viruses with that of ms. the age at which hsv-2 infections are first detected, as well as the age of peak incidence are similar to those for ms. if age-specific hsv-1 immunity data from various places is compared, an inverse relationship of immunity levels with lati ... | 1981 | 6116906 |
| antiviral activity of substituted 6-methylmercaptopyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidines and their ribosides. | the antiviral activities of pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidines and their nucleosides, divided into 7 groups based on the substituent in position 4 (mercapto-, methylmercapto-, amino-, hydrazine-, dialkyl amino-, oxy-, and methoxyderivatives), were studied against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) and vaccinia virus. numerous compounds inhibited the virus yields by 1-4 log cpd50. most antiviral compounds inhibited hsv 1 more than vaccinia virus. only methylmercapto- derivatives inhibited both viruses a ... | 1981 | 6118054 |
| correlation of the chemical structure of 4-nitroquinolines inactivating human cytomegalovirus and established in vivo carcinogenicity tests. | inactivation of the infectivity of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) has been observed following exposure to 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (nqo) or its metabolite, 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide (haqo). the present study of the specificity of the chemical structure of 4-nitroquinolines demonstrated that both the 4-nitro and 1-oxide groups were required for inactivation of virus infectivity. reduction of the 4-nitro group to a 4-hydroxyamino group ... | 1980 | 6119808 |
| inhibition of cellular and virus-associated nucleotide polymerases by, and anti-herpes simplex virus activity of, streptovaricin derivatives. | fourteen streptovaricin derivatives were tested for inhibition of cellular nucleotide polymerases (deoxyribonucleic acid polymerases alpha, beta, and gamma, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase [tdt], and ribonucleic acid polymerase ii), simian sarcoma virus deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase, and herpes simplex virus type 1-induced deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase (hsv-dp). three compounds (strep-tovadienal c, prestreptovarone, and streptoval fc) preferentially inhibited tdt and hsv-dp over the o ... | 1981 | 6119956 |
| ultrastructural studies on the replication of herpes simplex virus in pk and xtc-2 cells. | ultrastructural changes showed the following characteristics of restricted replication of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv 1) strains ma and hszp in pk and xtc-2 cells: 1) minimal cytopathic changes in pk cells as compared to more pronounced alterations in xtc-2 cells; 2) formation of single nucleocapsids or their absence in the nuclei of pk cells infected with the hszp strain; 3) lack of budding and envelopment and absence of reduplication of the nuclear membrane; 4) persistence of partially uncoate ... | 1982 | 6124111 |
| the influence of antiviral serum on cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | homologous immune serum (is) had an inhibitory effect on the accumulation of specific viral antigens in vero cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. when infected cells were incubated in the presence of is, lower amounts of viral, both intracellular and membrane, antigens were found by quantitative immunofluorescence and immune cytolysis as compared to same infected cell incubated in the absence of is. the possible mechanisms of this effect are discussed. | 1982 | 6124113 |
| control of expression of the herpes simplex virus-induced deoxypyrimidine triphosphatase in cells infected with mutants of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and intertypic recombinants. | infection of cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) induces high levels of deoxypyrimidine triphosphatase. the majority of the enzyme activity is found in infected cell nuclei. a similar activity is induced by hsv type 2 (hsv-2) which, in contrast to the hsv-1 enzyme, fractionates to more than 99% in the soluble cytoplasmic extract. of a series of temperature-sensitive mutants of hsv-1 studied, only the immediate-early mutants in complementation group 1-2 (strain 17 mutants tsd and tsk a ... | 1982 | 6128430 |
| detection of rna complementary to herpes-simplex virus in mononuclear cells from patients with behçet's syndrome and recurrent oral ulcers. | viral dna probes were used in in-situ hybridisation to detect the complementary rna in mononuclear cells from the blood of normal subjects and patients with behçet's syndrome and recurrent oral ulcers. hybridisation of 125i-labelled dna probes was detected by means of autoradiography and quantitated with a video image-analysis technique. hybridisation between herpes-simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna and the complementary rna in mononuclear cells was significantly greater in 10 of 20 patients with ... | 1982 | 6129461 |
| transcription from the bamhi j fragment of herpes simplex virus type 1 (kos). | rna transfer experiments (northern analyses) were used to localize polyadenylated mrna species made after herpes simplex virus type 1 infection to ecori and bamhi fragments and subfragments from the short unique region of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (kos) genome. three predominant early mrnas of 2.5, 1.3, and 0.9 kilobases map in the bamhi j fragment. a detailed restriction map of the bamhi j fragment was constructed. | 1983 | 6134847 |
| restricted replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in pig kidney cells. | pig kidney (pk) cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strains hszp and ro, respectively, synthesized low amounts of infectious virus; virus-specific antigens detected by immunofluorescence (if) staining were seen only in a small proportion of cells. when propagated in 2-4 subsequent passages, pk cells infected with the hszp strain (pk-hszp cells) became free of infectious virus and virus-specific antigens as detected by if staining. in contrast, pk cells infected with the ro st ... | 1983 | 6135332 |
| cytomegalovirus antigen within human arterial smooth muscle cells. | arterial tissues from carotid artery plaques or from punch-biopsy samples of uninvolved areas of the aorta were removed from 132 patients with atherosclerosis during blood-vessel surgery. cells morphologically identical to smooth muscle cells were cultured from 26 to 126 plaque samples and from 6 of 6 punch-biopsy samples. immunofluorescence tests of these cells showed that more than 25% of the cell cultures from both types of sample contained antigens of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) but not of h ... | 1983 | 6136795 |
| neurotransmitter synthesizing enzymes in experimental viral encephalitis. | stereotactic intracerebral inoculation of a non-neuroadapted strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 into the left neostriatum of sprague-dawley rats induced clinical acute encephalitis within 3 to 5 days postinoculation, with microscopic evidence of inflammation in brain parenchyma, but with no gross areas of tissue destruction. viral presence in brain was unequivocally confirmed by tissue culture, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. levels of activity of neurotransmitter synthesizing enz ... | 1983 | 6139411 |
| antiherpes activity of some novel analogues of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (e-brvudr) in two different cell lines. | in a series of 5-vinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (vudr) analogues (5-(2-x-vinyl)-udrs) the (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-udr (e-brvudr) proved the most potent inhibitor of plaque formation of two herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strains in human embryonic lung fibroblast (helf) and african green monkey kidney (vero) cell cultures. the (z)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-udr (z-brvudr) isomer and the 5-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-udr (br2vudr) analogue were 10-20 times less efficient, whereas the (e)-5-(2-cyanovinyl)-udr (cnvudr) and t ... | 1984 | 6143491 |
| enrichment of early hsv-induced proteins in phosphonoformate-treated cells. | the early hsv-specified proteins were selectively enriched in phosphonoformate (pfa)-treated vero cells, i.e. in the absence of virus dna synthesis. by pulse labelling, immunoprecipitation and enzyme immunoassay studies, the replication cascade of hsv-1 was shown to be blocked to a given stage allowing the production of early viral polypeptides only. with a prolonged treatment some of the early functions of the hsv genome seemed to cease as shown by the depletion of the respective polypeptides. ... | 1984 | 6143492 |
| protein synthesis in pig kidney cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | two polypeptides of apparent mol. mass 87,000 and 35,000 were identified in pig kidney cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) after reversing the cycloheximide block. the synthesis of the polypeptide 87,000 declined from 22 hr post infection (p.i.). its production was prevented by actinomycin d added to the infected cells after removal of cycloheximide. evidence is presented that the polypeptide 35,000 may be of the cellular origin. | 1984 | 6143498 |
| aliphatic amines inhibit the formation of syncytia induced by herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1984 | 6145087 |
| effects of herpes simplex virus strains on human fibroblast and lymphocyte chromosomes and the localization of chromosomal aberrations. | the effects on human chromosomes of types 1, 2 and of intermediate serotype of herpes simplex virus (hsv) was compared in fibroblast and lymphocyte cultures. the karyological changes due to hsv were shown to depend on the serotype used as well as on the kind of cells examined (agent-specificity and cell-reaction specificity). differences were noted among the strains in relation to the degree and character of the aberrations induced. conventional giemsa staining and the trypsin g-banding techniqu ... | 1984 | 6145351 |
| deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase induced by herpes simplex virus type 1. purification and characterization of induced enzyme. | a deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dutpase) which is induced in kb cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was purified approximately 175-fold using affinity, hydrophobic, adsorption, and ion-exchange chromatography techniques. of the nucleoside triphosphates commonly found in dna and rna, only dutp acted as a substrate for the enzyme, and the apparent km was 4 microm. while the hsv-1-induced dutpase exhibited activity in the absence of added divalent cations, the a ... | 1984 | 6147344 |
| differential antiherpes activity of the (e)-and (z)-isomers of 5-(2-fluorovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (fvudr). | four novel analogues of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine [(e)-brvudr]--the (e)- and (z)-isomer of 5-(2-fluorovinyl)-udr (fvudr), (z)-5-(2-carboxy-2-fluorovinyl)-udr [(z)-cooh-fvudr], and (e)-5-(2-ethoxyvinyl)-udr [(e)-eovudr] were compared with the reference compounds (e)-brvudr and 5-vinyl-udr (vudr) for their inhibitory effects on plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1 strain 77) and type 2 (hsv-2 strain 82) in human embryonic lung fibroblast (helf) cell cultures. (z)-fvudr ... | 1984 | 6148852 |
| identification of the herpes simplex virus type 1 gene encoding the dutpase. | the dutpase gene of herpes simplex virus has been identified using a novel approach. the upstream regulatory sequences, or the promoter and upstream regulatory sequences, of the immediate-early gene vmw175 (icp4) were inserted in front of genes mapping in the region 0.69 to 0.70 map units of the virus genome to enhance transient gene expression in a transfection assay. one clone, containing a gene specifying a 1.5-kb mrna, induced significant amounts of virus-specific dutpase activity. the enzym ... | 1984 | 6149651 |
| combined antiviral effects of flavonoids and 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine on the multiplication of herpesviruses. | the combined antiviral effects of quercetin, quercitrin and 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine on the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and pseudorabies virus were studied in vitro by the yield reduction test. quercetin in combination with 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine had an additive antiviral effect on either herpes-virus. the combined application of quercitrin and 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine showed a synergic effect on pseudorabies virus. | 1984 | 6151353 |
| purification of herpes simplex virus-specified major dna-binding proteins and detection of antibodies to them in human and rabbit sera. | we purified herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2-specified nonstructural dna-binding proteins (icp8 and icsp 11/12, respectively) from infected vero cells and applied them in elisa test to analyse human and rabbit sera. only a weak immune response to the icp8 and icsp 11/12 could be demonstrated following experimental hsv-1 or hsv-2 infections of rabbits. low levels of icsp8 antibodies were found also in acute hsv infections of man. | 1984 | 6152122 |
| defective glycoprotein c of the syncytial strain of herpes simplex virus type 1. | glycoproteins of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) non-syncytial strain kupka showed two times higher affinity for the helix pomatia (hp) lectin than glycoproteins of the syncytial strain hszp. as revealed by the results of immunoprecipitation test and by the comparison of the synthesis of virus glycoproteins, glycoprotein c (gc) was synthesized in sufficient amounts in the hszp strain-infected cells. the difference in the binding to hp lectin was found to be caused by decreased affinity o ... | 1984 | 6152123 |
| inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 specific translation in cells treated with poly(ri).poly(rc). | | 1980 | 6154127 |
| biochemical transformation of mouse cells by a purified fragment of marmoset herpesvirus dna. | although the size of marmoset herpesvirus (marhv) dna, estimated by velocity sedimentation in sucrose gradients, was similar to that of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna, the restriction endonuclease sites of marhv and hsv-1 dnas were quite different. a specific bamhi restriction fragment (6.2 x 10(6) daltons) of marhv dna biochemically transformed lm(tk-) mouse fibroblasts to the thymidine kinase(tk)-positive phenotype. rabbit antisera, prepared against marhv tk, inhibited marhv-induced t ... | 1980 | 6154671 |
| structural analysis of the capsid polypeptides of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | capsids of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 contain seven polypeptides ranging in molecular weight from 154,000 to 12,000 (termed nc-1 through nc-7 in order of descending molecular weight). antibodies prepared to hsv-1 capsid polypeptides isolated from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels reacted in an immunofluorescence assay against hsv-1-infected kb cells. three of the antibodies (anti-nc-1, anti-nc-2, and anti-nc-3,4) also reacted with hsv-2-infected cells. tryptic peptide anal ... | 1980 | 6154808 |
| macrophage dependence of polyriboinosinic acid-polyribocytidylic acid-induced resistance to herpes simplex virus infection in mice. | the relative contributions of macrophages and lymphocytes to the induction of resistance to primary herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection by polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid complex [poly (i:c)] were investigated in c58 mice. the induction of resistance was found to be strongly dependent on macrophages compared to lymphocytes. macrophage-deficient (silica-treated) mice produced less interferon and were not as responsive to prophylactic treatment of hsv-1 infections with poly (i:c) ... | 1980 | 6155345 |
| human peripheral null lymphocytes. ii. producers of type-1 interferon upon stimulation with tumor cells, herpes simplex virus and corynebacterium parvum. | human blood lymphocytes, exposed for 6 to 24 h in vitro to tumor cells (k 562, igr3, l1210), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv) or corynebacterium parvum (cp), produced high levels of anti-viral activity which was identified as type-1 interferon (if). in mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures (mltc), the generated type-1 if was definitely shown to originate from the lymphocytes and not from the tumor cells. supplementation of leukocyte cultures with 10% fetal calf serum instead 10% human ab serum h ... | 1980 | 6157543 |
| interferon production on mouse fibroblasts induced by various viruses. | the interferon (if) inducing ability of some dna and rna viruses on mouse ccl-1 cells was investigated. the f and h strains of newcastle disease virus (ndv) and sendai virus proved to be the best inducers. gd-7, mengo and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) were middle inducers, herpes simplex 1 (hsv 1) was a weak inducer, and adenovirus 12 and semliki forest (sfv) were non-inducers. moreover antiviral resistance induced by the same viruses and if production generally followed parallel paths. | 1980 | 6161620 |
| ga and gb glycoproteins of herpes simplex virus type 1: two forms of a single polypeptide. | utilizing a combination of preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-hydroxylapatite column chromatography, we have separated and purified the ga and gb glycoproteins of the major virus-specific glycoprotein region from herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells. by using purified antigen preparations, antisera specific to each of these glycoproteins were produced. immunoprecipitation from detergent extracts of infected cells and radioimmune ... | 1980 | 6162034 |
| enhanced replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in bhk-21 cells transformed by hamster sarcoma virus. | untransformed and hamster sarcoma virus-transformed bhk-21 cells were compared for their ability to support productive infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. in both types of cells, infection with herpes simplex virus resulted in a lytic, productive cycle. however, inhibition of host cell rna and dna synthesis, transcription and replication of viral dna, and production of infectious virus began earlier and reached higher levels in transformed cells. | 1980 | 6162823 |
| herpes simplex virus antigens and antibodies: a survey of studies based on quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. | herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 antigens extracted from infected cells with use of nonionic detergent produce a number of distinct immunoprecipitates in crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie) with hyperimmune rabbit antibodies to herpes simplex virus. the analytic power of cie combined with the use of single immunoprecipitates made it possible, for a number of individual antigens, to determine (1) the immunogenicity of the antigens in experimentally infected animals and naturally infected hu ... | 1980 | 6164087 |
| comparison of the effects of arabinosyladenine, arabinosylhypoxanthine, and arabinosyladenine 5'-monophosphate against herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus with their effects on cellular deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. | in a single line of human foreskin fibroblasts, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) and the minimum intracellular virus inactivation concentrations (miics) of arabinosyladenine, arabinosylhypoxanthine, and arabinosyladenine 5'-monophosphate were assayed for a number of recent isolates of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), and cytomegalovirus (cmv). (the term miic is used here to describe the selective qualitative intracellular inhibition of the ... | 1981 | 6166244 |
| anticomplement immunofluorescence for the titration of antibody to varicella-zoster virus. | anticomplement immunofluorescence (acif) was tested for its use for the titration of antibody against varicella-zoster virus (vzv). acif antibody responses of patients with vzv infection were specific for vzv antigen and heterotypic responses to herpes simplex virus type-1 and cytomegalovirus antigens were not observed. comparative studies of acif, membrane immunofluorescence (mif) and indirect immunofluorescence (if), using acetone-fixed antigen, were carried out with nonimmune sera and convale ... | 1981 | 6166838 |
| herpes simplex virus type i dna polymerase. kinetic properties of the associated 3'-5' exonuclease activity and its role in araamp incorporation. | an exonuclease activity copurified with herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-1) dna polymerase through dna-cellulose column chromatography and comigrated with dna polymerase activity on nondenaturing gel electrophoresis at varied polyacrylamide concentrations. a gapped duplex dna was the preferred substrate for this exonuclease activity since the hydrolytic activity on this type of dna was much greater than the hydrolysis of either native or heat-denatured dna. using 3'-terminally labeled activated ... | 1981 | 6167579 |
| experimental infection of inbred mice with herpes simplex virus type 1. i. investigation of humoral and cellular immunity and of interferon induction. | considerable differences exist in the lethality of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) after intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection in different inbred strains of mice. in this study humoral and cellular immunity and interferon production were compared in resistant and susceptible mice. the serum igg response, as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), was the same in different strains of mice. there was also no difference in neutralizing antibodies between resistant c57bl/6 and su ... | 1981 | 6168735 |
| resistance to herpes simplex virus - type 1 (hsv-1). | | 1981 | 6171384 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 intracellular p40: type-specific and cross-reactive antigenic determinants on peptides generated by partial proteolysis. | intracellular p40 is a class of protein ranging in molecular weight from 39,000 to 45,000 that is immunoprecipitated from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)- and hsv-2-infected cell extracts by mouse monoclonal antibodies or guinea pig antisera against hsv-1 and hsv-2 nucleocapsid p40. analysis by a two-dimensional gel system showed that hsv-1 and hsv-2 intracellular p40 each consisted of three major components. however, these hsv-1 and hsv-2 proteins differed in charge and size. analysis of st ... | 1981 | 6172597 |
| the active inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1-induced cell fusion. | | 1982 | 6175093 |
| human serum antibodies to varicella-zoster virus thymidine kinase. | the conditions required for the production of varicella-zoster virus (vsv)-induced deoxythymidine kinase (dtk) have been studied. extracts from vero cells harvested 62 h after vzv infection were found to contain vzv-induced dtk activity, with a minimal contribution from the cellular dtk activity. vzv dtk was shown to have a broad substrate specificity phosphorylating both deoxythymidine, deoxycytidine, and iododeoxyuridine. deoxythymidine triphosphate inhibition studies revealed an intermediate ... | 1982 | 6176544 |
| effect of monoclonal antibodies on limited proteolysis of native glycoprotein gd of herpes simplex virus type 1. | we examined the properties of 17 monoclonal antibodies to glycoprotein gd of herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1) (gd-1) and hsv-2 (gd-2). the antibodies recognized eight separate determinants of gd, based on differences in radioimmuno-precipitation and neutralization assays. the determinants were distributed as follows: three were gd-1 specific, one was gd-2 specific, and four were type common. several type-specific and type-common determinants appeared to be involved in neutralization. we developed a ... | 1982 | 6176725 |
| alpha interferon and acyclovir treatment of herpes simplex virus in lymphoid cell cultures. | the t-lymphoblastoid cell line cem, persistently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1, has been used to examine the antiviral efficacy of human alpha interferon and acyclovir, both alone and in combination. acyclovir and interferon each produced dose-dependent decreases in virus titer at concentration ranges of 1 to 100 microm (approximately 0.225 to 22.5 micrograms/ml) and 10 to 10,000 u/ml, respectively. mean reductions in titer of 1.9 and 4.2 log10 pfu/ml were observed with 100 microm ac ... | 1982 | 6177287 |
| viral antigens act as helper determinants for antibody responses to cell surface antigens. | thy-1 alloantigens on murine thymus cells are weak immunogens in vivo for pfc responses in the absence of other antigenic disparities between the donor and recipient. our previous work showed that non-h-2 alloantigens acted as helper determinants to augment anti-thy-1 pfc responses. in this report we demonstrate that strong helper antigens are also produced by infection of donor thymus cells with viruses such as hsv-1, ndv, or vaccinia. this helper effect (as much as 30-fold) for a cellular anti ... | 1982 | 6177775 |
| role of interferon in natural kill of hsv-1-infected fibroblasts. | the production of interferon during natural killer (nk) assays against hsv-1-infected fibroblasts (nk(hsv-1)) was studied to determine whether this interferon was responsible for inducing the preferential lysis of herpes-virus-infected target cells over uninfected target cells. the interferon produced during nk(hsv-1) assays was analyzed and found to have the properties of hu-ifn-alpha. little or no ifn was produced during nk assays against uninfected fibroblasts (nk(fs)) or k562 (nk(k562)) cell ... | 1982 | 6177785 |
| experimental infection of inbred mice with herpes simplex virus. iii. comparison between newborn and adult c57bl/6 mice. | we have previously shown that adult c57bl/6 mice are relatively resistant to intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). here we show that newborn mice of the strain c57bl/6 are highly susceptible to i.p. infection with hsv-1. newborn c57bl/6 mice, in contrast to adult mice, did not develop natural killer cell activity in the peritoneal cavity 24 h after i.p injection of hsv-1, and showed only minimal titres of interferon in the peritoneal fluid after 4 h. after 24 ... | 1982 | 6178800 |
| herpesvirus infection alters the steady-state levels of cellular polyadenylated rna in polyoma virus-transformed bhk cells. | polyoma-transformed bhk cells are permissive for the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1. the effect of herpes infection on the steady-state levels of bulk mrna sequences in these cells was studied by using cdna to polyadenylated cytoplasmic rna from uninfected cells. the principal findings were: (i) herpes simplex virus type 1 infection caused a pronounced reduction in the cytoplasmic levels of moderately abundant mrnas' (ii) after infection, increased amounts of rna complementary to the ... | 1982 | 6178847 |
| acyclovir and vidarabine monophosphate: comparison of iontophoretic and intravenous administration for the treatment of hsv-1 stromal keratitis. | we determined the therapeutic efficacy of iontophoretic application of acyclovir and vidarabine monophosphate (ara-amp) for the treatment of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1-induced stromal keratitis in rabbits. the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous administration of acyclovir was assessed in the same model. stromal keratitis was produced by intrastromal injection of 10 microliters purified hsv-1, mckrae strain. treatment began the first day after intrastromal injection. iontophoresis (0.5 ma ... | 1982 | 6179415 |
| the role of interferon in the resistance of c57bl/6 mice to various doses of herpes simplex virus type 1. | c57bl/6 (b6) mice are relatively resistant to infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). paradoxically, b6 mice were resistant to 250 ld50 (50% lethal dose) of hsv-1 but were killed by 25 or 2.5 ld50 of hsv-1 injected intraperitoneally. at the injection site 250 ld50 of virus induced high titers of interferon (ifn) (greater than 1,000 international units) that reached maximal levels 2-4 hr after inoculation, whereas 25 or 2.5 ld50 of hsv-1 generated only borderline levels of ifn (15-40 ... | 1982 | 6180032 |
| effect of tunicamycin on the synthesis of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins and their expression on the cell surface. | herpes simplex virus specifies five glycoproteins which have been found on the surface of both the intact, infected cells and the virion envelope. in the presence of the drug tunicamycin, glycosylation of the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins is inhibited. we present in this report evidence that the immunologically specificity of the glycoproteins designated ga, gb, and gd resides mainly in the underglycosylated "core" proteins, as demonstrated by the immunoblotting technique. we showed ... | 1982 | 6180176 |
| high efficiency latency and activation of herpes simplex virus in human cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) exists in humans in a latent form that can be activated. to characterize the molecular basis of the cell-virus interactions and to analyze the state of the latent hsv genome, an in vitro model system was established. in this system a large fraction of the latently infected cells contain an hsv genome that can be activated. cell survival was reduced minimally after repression of high multiplicity hsv type 1 (hsv-1) infection of human fibroblast cells with (e)-5-(2-bromo ... | 1982 | 6180477 |
| interferon system of human cornea cells: interferon production, characterization, and development of antiviral state. | the interferon (ifn) system of human cornea cells in culture was studied. ifn produced by these cells by infection with newcastle disease virus (ndv) was shown, by neutralization studies with specific antisera against human alpha interferon (huifn-alpha) and human beta interferon (huifn-beta), to contain 90-95% antiviral activity characteristic of the huifn-beta and 5-10% that of huifn-alpha. the chromatographic behavior of human cornea ifn on con a-sepharose and zinc chelate agarose columns was ... | 1982 | 6182255 |
| combined interaction of antiherpes substances and interferon beta on the multiplication of herpes simplex virus. | the inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 (strain mcintyre) by two anti-herpes substances applied in combination was studied by means of a cpe inhibition method in vero cell microcultures. the following substances were studied: araa monophosphate, thymine arabinoside, ethyldeoxyuridine, acycloguanosine (acyclovir). 3-fluorothymidine, phosphonoformic acid. most substance pairs showed a moderate degree of synergism. two additive interactions and one case of antagonism was observed. human fibro ... | 1982 | 6184033 |
| inhibition by interferon of biochemical transformation induced by cloned herpesvirus thymidine kinase genes. | to learn whether interferon could prevent the biochemical transformations induced by cloned herpesvirus thymidine kinase (tk) genes, lm(tk-) mouse fibroblast cultures were pretreated for 24 h with 2.4-40 international units (i.u.)/ml mouse alpha + beta interferon, and subsequently transformed to the tk+ phenotype with recombinant plasmids containing the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) tk gene (pago and pmh110) and the marmoset herpesvirus (marhv) tk gene (pmar035). mouse alpha + beta interfe ... | 1982 | 6185091 |
| positive self regulation of cytotoxicity in human natural killer cells by production of interferon upon exposure to influenza and herpes viruses. | augmentation of natural killer (nk) activity by influenza a/pc and hsv-1 viruses appears to be caused by the induction of interferon (ifn) within the nk cell population itself. these viruses induced high levels of ifn production by human large granular lymphocytes (lgl) that could be readily isolated from peripheral blood by percoll density gradients. these lgl, which have been previously shown to account for and to be highly associated with endogenous nk activity, became augmented in their lyti ... | 1982 | 6185608 |
| an x-linked locus influences the amount of circulating interferon induced in the mouse by herpes simplex virus type 1. | production of circulating interferon (ifn) was measured in inbred mouse strains following intravenous injection of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). ifn titres reached maximal levels 2 to 3 h after injection of virus and a 10-fold difference was found between c57bl/6 mice and balb/c, as high and low producers respectively. mendelian analysis revealed that hsv-induced ifn production is governed by several loci, one of which is x-linked. the strain distribution pattern obtained from results in ... | 1982 | 6185626 |
| effects of genetic resistance against herpes simplex virus in vaginally infected mice. | in order to take the conditions of natural herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection into consideration, the genetic resistance of c57-bl mice, which was established by intraperitoneal hsv-1 infection [lopez, 1975], was investigated in vaginally infected mice. the course of infection in the mucous membranes did not differ in sensitive (nmri) and resistant (c57-bl) mice: both number of takes and virus elimination from the vagina were equal, and no difference in viral titer produced in the vagina was d ... | 1982 | 6186900 |
| experimental infection of inbred mice with herpes simplex virus. iv. comparison of interferon production and natural killer cell activity in susceptible and resistant adult mice. | inbred mouse strains differ in susceptibility to infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2). in this study interferon production was tested in the peritoneal exudate of mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of hsv-1 or hsv-2. in hsv-resistant mice (c57 bl/6, c3 h/hej) high titers of interferon were already present 2 to 4 hours after injection. in comparison, less resistant mice (dba/2, akr) lacked this early response. there was no correlation between interferon tit ... | 1982 | 6187314 |
| hla-restricted t lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against herpes simplex virus-infected cells in humans. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) against herpes simplex virus (hsv) were induced in vitro from human peripheral blood lymphocytes by stimulation with hsv antigen. ctl generated by hsv type 1 (hsv-1) antigen stimulation killed not only hsv-1-infected target cells but also hsv type 2 (hsv-2)-infected target cells, though at a lower level. this evidence suggests that ctl against hsv recognize the hsv type-specific and type-common determinants on hsv-infected target cells. these ctl were generated from ... | 1983 | 6187690 |
| antigenic variants of herpes simplex virus selected with glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies specific for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoproteins were used to demonstrate that hsv undergoes mutagen-induced and spontaneous antigenic variation. hybridomas were produced by polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion of p3-x63-ag8.653 myeloma cells with spleen cells from balb/c mice infected with hsv-1 (strain kos). hybrid clones were screened for production of hsv-specific neutralizing antibody. the glycoprotein specificities of the antibodies were determined by sod ... | 1983 | 6187935 |
| a versatile method for the coupling of protein to dna: synthesis of alpha 2-macroglobulin-dna conjugates. | we describe a simple, general method to link proteins covalently to dna. the method uses two reagents, n-acetyl-n'-(p-glyoxylylbenzoyl)cystamine and 2-iminothiolane. the former reacts specifically with nonpaired quanine residues and upon reduction generates a free sulfhydryl group. the latter reacts with a protein to provide another sulfhydryl group which is subsequently conjugated to dna by an intermolecular disulfide interchange reaction. using this method alpha 2-macroglobulin was conjugated ... | 1983 | 6188106 |
| inhibition of glycosylation of herpes simplex virus glycoproteins: identification of antigenic and immunogenic partially glycosylated glycopeptides on the cell surface membrane. | the surface membranes of cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), strain kos, contain three principal glycoproteins, gc (apparent mr 129k), gb (apparent mr 120k), and gd (apparent mr 58k). infections carried out in the presence of the glycosylation inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose result in the loss of the mature species with the concurrent appearance of lower-molecular-weight polypeptides which are presumably partially glycosylated forms of the fully processed glycoproteins. specific ... | 1983 | 6189286 |
| a micro solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detection of herpesvirus type-specific antibody: parameters involved in standardization. | a micro solid-phase radioimmunoassay (micro-spria) was developed to demonstrate type-specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv1 and hsv2). glycoproteins from the 123,000 dalton region of hsv1 (vp123) and the 119,000 dalton region of hsv2 (vp119) were isolated on preparative polyacrylamide gels for use as antigens in the micro-spria. human sera selected from clinical samples by virological history and appropriate microneutralization data were used to standardize the micro-spr ... | 1983 | 6189848 |
| a micro solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detection of herpesvirus type-specific antibody: specificity and sensitivity. | the specificity and sensitivity of a micro solid-phase radioimmunoassay (micro-spria) that detects type-specific igg antibody to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv1 and hsv2) were evaluated. glycoproteins vp123 (molecular weight, 123,000) of hsv1 and vp119 (molecular weight, 119,000) of hsv2 were found to display the greatest degree of antigenic type-specificity of several hsv antigens tested with the micro-spria technique. when testing a group of sera, negative for anti-hsv antibodies by m ... | 1983 | 6189849 |
| typing of herpes simplex virus by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal antibodies. | we developed a method that uses monoclonal antibodies for typing herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 strains. clinical isolates from gmk cells were seeded directly into a monolayer of gmk cells. after incubation overnight, monoclonal antibodies were added to the infected monolayer, and antibody binding was indicated by a peroxidase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. using prototype strains and previously typed patient strains, we verified the specificity of this technique. this method is now ... | 1983 | 6189853 |