| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) neutralising antibodies in a high-risk human population, morocco, november 2017 to january 2018. | backgroundmiddle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) remains a major concern for global public health. dromedaries are the source of human zoonotic infection. mers-cov is enzootic among dromedaries on the arabian peninsula, the middle east and in africa. over 70% of infected dromedaries are found in africa. however, all known zoonotic cases of mers have occurred in the arabian peninsula with none being reported in africa.aimwe aimed to investigate serological evidence of mers-cov in ... | 2019 | 31796154 |
| molecular basis of binding between middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus and cd26 from seven bat species. | continued reports of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) infecting humans have occurred since the identification of this virus in 2012. mers-cov is prone to cause endemic disease in the middle east, with several dozen spillover infections to other continents. it is hypothesized that mers-cov originated from bat coronaviruses and that dromedary camels are its natural reservoir. although gene segments identical to mers-cov were sequenced from certain species of bats and one spe ... | 2020 | 31776269 |
| blocking transmission of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) in llamas by vaccination with a recombinant spike protein. | the ongoing middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) outbreaks pose a worldwide public health threat. blocking mers-cov zoonotic transmission from dromedary camels, the animal reservoir, could potentially reduce the number of primary human cases. here we report mers-cov transmission from experimentally infected llamas to naïve animals. directly inoculated llamas shed virus for at least 6 days and could infect all in-contact naïve animals 4-5 days after exposure. with the aim to bl ... | 2019 | 31711379 |
| seroprevalence and molecular characterization of mycobacterium bovis infection in camels (camelus dromedarius) in the delta region, egypt. | this study aimed to determine the prevalence rates of mycobacterium infection in camel sera collected before slaughter and gross lesion tissue collected postmortem (pm) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), bacteriological culture, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in addition, serum samples from humans who had occupational contact with camels were tested by elisa and sputum sample by culture. | 2019 | 31641295 |
| molecular epidemiology and phylogeny of spotted fever group rickettsia in camels (camelus dromedarius) and their infesting ticks from tunisia. | rickettsia species are adapted to a wide range of specific animal hosts. camels (camelus dromedarius) have been identified as a carrier of various zoonotic pathogens and became a focus of growing public health interest. this study reported the occurrence of rickettsial infection in camels and infesting ticks from five tunisian governorates. based on ompb pcr, eight out of 293 camels (2.7%) were found to be infected with rickettsia spp. furthermore, 13 tick specimens of hyalomma impeltatum (10.4% ... | 2020 | 31626722 |
| isolation and growth characterization of novel full length and deletion mutant human mers-cov strains from clinical specimens collected during 2015. | middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) is a viral respiratory illness first reported in saudi arabia in september 2012 caused by the human coronavirus (cov), mers-cov. using full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, scientists have identified three clades and multiple lineages of mers-cov in humans and the zoonotic host, dromedary camels. in this study, we have characterized eight mers-cov isolates collected from patients in saudi arabia in 2015. we have performed full-genome sequencing ... | 2019 | 31592752 |
| 'candidatus bartonella dromedarii' in the dromedary camels of iran: molecular investigation, phylogenetic analysis, hematological findings, and acute-phase proteins quantitation. | the genus bartonella is comprised of gram-negative coccobacilli, aerobic, and facultative intracellular bacteria which are transmitted by hematophagous vectors (e.g., fleas, lice, sandflies, and ticks). each species of bartonella infects one or few related mammals as reservoir host(s). if a bartonella spp. infects a nonspecific host like humans, it can lead to a more acute disease. bartonella spp. has been detected more recently for the first time in camels in israel by rasis and colleagues. how ... | 2019 | 31585657 |
| old world camels in a modern world - a balancing act between conservation and genetic improvement. | old world camels have served humans in cross-continental caravans, transporting people and goods, connecting different cultures and providing milk, meat, wool and draught since their domestication around 3000-6000 years ago. in a world of modern transport and fast connectivity, these beasts of burden seem to be out-dated. however, a growing demand for sustainable milk and meat production, especially in countries affected by climate change and increasing desertification, brings dromedaries (camel ... | 2019 | 31532019 |
| structural insights into coronavirus entry. | coronaviruses (covs) have caused outbreaks of deadly pneumonia in humans since the beginning of the 21st century. the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) emerged in 2002 and was responsible for an epidemic that spread to five continents with a fatality rate of 10% before being contained in 2003 (with additional cases reported in 2004). the middle-east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) emerged in the arabian peninsula in 2012 and has caused recurrent outbreaks in hu ... | 2019 | 31522710 |
| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the one health concept. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is one of the major threats to the healthcare systems in some countries, especially in the arabian peninsula. mers-cov is considered an ideal example of the one health concept. this is due to the animals, especially dromedary camels, play important roles in the transmission and sustainability of the virus, and the virus can be transmitted through aerosols of infected patients into the environment. however, there is some debate regarding the ... | 2019 | 31497405 |
| the arabian camel, camelus dromedarius interferon epsilon: functional expression, in vitro refolding, purification and cytotoxicity on breast cancer cell lines. | the current study highlights, for the first time, cloning, overexpression and purification of the novel interferon epsilon (ifnɛ), from the arabian camel camelus dromedaries. the study then assesses the cytotoxicity of ifnε against two human breast cancer cell lines mda-mb-231 and mcf-7. full-length cdna encoding interferon epsilon (ifnε) was isolated and cloned from the liver of the arabian camel, c. dromedarius using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the sequence analysis of the ... | 2019 | 31490936 |
| first isolation and rapid identification of newcastle disease virus from aborted fetus of dromedary camel using next-generation sequencing. | newcastle disease virus (ndv) causes morbidities and mortalities in wild and domestic birds globally. for humans, exposure to infected birds can cause conjunctivitis and influenza-like symptoms. ndv infections in mammals are rarely reported. in this study, using next-generation sequencing, an ndv was identified and isolated from vero cells inoculated with the nasal swab of an aborted dromedary fetus in dubai, during the time when an ndv outbreak occurred in a pigeon farm located in close proximi ... | 2019 | 31480604 |
| comparison of serologic assays for middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) was detected in humans in 2012. since then, sporadic outbreaks with primary transmission through dromedary camels to humans and outbreaks in healthcare settings have shown that mers-cov continues to pose a threat to human health. several serologic assays for mers-cov have been developed globally. we describe a collaborative study to investigate the comparability of serologic assays for mers-cov and assess any benefit associated with the int ... | 2019 | 31423969 |
| molecular detection and genetic characterization of the potentially pathogenic coxiella burnetii and the endosymbiotic candidatus midichloria mitochondrii in ticks infesting camels (camelus dromedarius) from tunisia. | tick-borne bacteria are considered to be emerging in camels, but data about their occurrence in tunisian dromedaries and their infesting ticks remain scarce. in this study, 412 camel blood samples and 327 partially engorged ticks were collected and tested for the presence of coxiella burnetii and/or related strains, and rickettsiales bacteria. coxiella burnetii was detected in 9 hyalomma impeltatum and 3 h. dromedarii with an overall prevalence rate of 3.6% (12/327). candidatus midichloria mitoc ... | 2019 | 31398530 |
| spike proteins of novel mers-coronavirus isolates from north- and west-african dromedary camels mediate robust viral entry into human target cells. | the highly pathogenic middle east respiratory syndrome (mers)-related coronavirus (cov) is transmitted from dromedary camels, the natural reservoir, to humans. for at present unclear reasons, mers cases have so far only been observed in the arabian peninsula, although mers-cov also circulates in african dromedary camels. a recent study showed that mers-cov found in north/west- (morocco) and west-african (burkina faso and nigeria) dromedary camels are genetically distinct from arabian viruses and ... | 2019 | 31357164 |
| genetic survey of cystic echinococcosis in farm animals in oman. | echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis (ce) in animals and humans with a worldwide distribution affecting pastoral and agro-pastoral communities. little is known about the genetic diversity and public health significance of e. granulosus s.l. among animals and human in oman. this study was undertaken to investigate the circulating genotypes of e. granulosus s.l. in farm animals (camels, cattle, goats and sheep) by using multiplex pcr (mpcr) and ... | 2020 | 31338730 |
| vector-borne bacteria in blood of camels in iran: new data and literature review. | despite close association between camels and humans, molecular based studies on vector-borne pathogens infecting camels are scarce compared to other animals in iran. the current study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of vector-borne bacteria in the blood of dromedaries by molecular tools. a total of 200 peripheral blood samples were collected from apparently healthy animals. microscopic examination was performed on giemsa-stained blood smears, and drops of blood were spotted on what ... | 2019 | 31300125 |
| beyond the big five: investigating myostatin structure, polymorphism and expression in camelus dromedarius. | myostatin, a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass in animals, has been shown to play a role in determining muscular hypertrophy in several livestock species, and a high degree of polymorphism has been previously reported for this gene in humans and cattle. in this study, we provide a characterization of the myostatin gene in the dromedary (camelus dromedarius) at the genomic, transcript and protein level. the gene was found to share high structural and sequence similarity with other mammal ... | 2019 | 31231423 |
| species-specific colocalization of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus attachment and entry receptors. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) uses the s1b domain of its spike protein to bind to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (dpp4), its functional receptor, and its s1a domain to bind to sialic acids. the tissue localization of dpp4 in humans, bats, camelids, pigs, and rabbits generally correlates with mers-cov tropism, highlighting the role of dpp4 in virus pathogenesis and transmission. however, mers-cov s1a does not indiscriminately bind to all α2,3-sialic acids, and the species-specif ... | 2019 | 31167913 |
| a review of zoonotic pathogens of dromedary camels. | dromedary, or one-humped, camels camelus dromedarius are an almost exclusively domesticated species that are common in arid areas as both beasts of burden and production animals for meat and milk. currently, there are approximately 30 million dromedary camels, with highest numbers in africa and the middle east. the hardiness of camels in arid regions has made humans more dependent on them, especially as a stable protein source. camels also carry and may transmit disease-causing agents to humans ... | 2019 | 31140075 |
| single intranasal immunization with chimpanzee adenovirus-based vaccine induces sustained and protective immunity against mers-cov infection. | the recently identified middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) causes severe and fatal acute respiratory illness in humans. however, no approved prophylactic and therapeutic interventions are currently available. the mers-cov envelope spike protein serves as a crucial target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development, as it plays a critical role in mediating viral entry through interactions with the cellular receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (dpp4). here, we constructed ... | 2019 | 31130102 |
| lack of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission in rabbits. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) transmission from dromedaries to humans has resulted in major outbreaks in the middle east. although some other livestock animal species have been shown to be susceptible to mers-cov, it is not fully understood why the spread of the virus in these animal species has not been observed in the field. in this study, we used rabbits to further characterize the transmission potential of mers-cov. in line with the presence of mers-cov receptor in ... | 2019 | 31022948 |
| shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolated from fecal samples of african dromedary camels. | shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) cause gastrointestinal illnesses including non-bloody or bloody diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis (hc), and the haemolytic uremic syndrome (hus). to investigate the occurrence of stec among grazing dromedaries from kenya, e. coli isolated from fecal matter collected from 163 dromedaries on a large ranch were screened for the presence of stx1 and stx2. stec strains were isolated and serotyped. isolates were subjected to pcr for the subtyping of stx gene ... | 2019 | 30911597 |
| host determinants of mers-cov transmission and pathogenesis. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes respiratory infection in humans, ranging from asymptomatic to severe pneumonia. in dromedary camels, the virus only causes a mild infection but it spreads efficiently between animals. differences in the behavior of the virus observed between individuals, as well as between humans and dromedary camels, highlight the role of host factors in mers-cov pathogenesis and transmission. one of these host factors, t ... | 2019 | 30893947 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus in dromedary camels, bedouins, muslim arabs and jews in israel, 2009-2017. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging cause of viral hepatitis worldwide. recently, hev-7 has been shown to infect camels and humans. we studied hev seroprevalence in dromedary camels and among bedouins, arabs (muslims, none-bedouins) and jews and assessed factors associated with anti-hev seropositivity. serum samples from dromedary camels (n = 86) were used to determine camel anti-hev igg and hev rna positivity. human samples collected between 2009 and 2016 from >20 years old bedouins (n = ... | 2019 | 30869027 |
| efficacy of an adjuvanted middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein vaccine in dromedary camels and alpacas. | mers-cov is present in dromedary camels throughout the middle east and africa. dromedary camels are the primary zoonotic reservoir for human infections. interruption of the zoonotic transmission chain from camels to humans, therefore, may be an effective strategy to control the ongoing mers-cov outbreak. here we show that vaccination with an adjuvanted mers-cov spike protein subunit vaccine confers complete protection from mers-cov disease in alpaca and results in reduced and delayed viral shedd ... | 2019 | 30832356 |
| the major histocompatibility complex of old world camelids: class i and class i-related genes. | the genomic structure of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) region and variation in selected mhc class i related genes in old world camels, camelus bactrianus and camelus dromedaries were studied. the overall genomic organization of the camel mhc region follows a general pattern observed in other mammalian species and individual mhc loci appear to be well conserved. selected mhc class i genes b-67 and bl3-7 exhibited unexpectedly low variability, even when compared to other camel mhc cla ... | 2019 | 30828986 |
| a near chromosome assembly of the dromedary camel genome. | the dromedary camel is an economically and socially important species of livestock in many parts of the world, being used for transport and the production of milk and meat. much like cattle and horses, the camel may be found in industrial farming conditions as well as used in sporting. camel racing is a multi-million dollar industry, with some specimens being valued at upward of 9.5 million usd. despite its apparent value to humans, the dromedary camel is a neglected species in genomics. while c ... | 2019 | 30804979 |
| a case-crossover analysis of the impact of weather on primary cases of middle east respiratory syndrome. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is endemic in dromedary camels in the arabian peninsula, and zoonotic transmission to people is a sporadic event. in the absence of epidemiological data on the reservoir species, patterns of zoonotic transmission have largely been approximated from primary human cases. this study aimed to identify meteorological factors that may increase the risk of primary mers infections in humans. | 2019 | 30717685 |
| bovine-like coronaviruses in domestic and wild ruminants. | coronaviruses (covs) produce a wide spectrum of disease syndromes in different mammalian and avian host species. these viruses are well-recognized for their ability to change tissue tropism, to hurdle the interspecies barriers and to adapt ecological variations. it is predicted that the inherent genetic diversity of covs caused by accumulation of point mutations and high frequency of homologous recombination is the principal determinant of these competences. several covs (e.g. severe acute respi ... | 2018 | 30683171 |
| what have we learned about middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus emergence in humans? a systematic literature review. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) was first identified in humans in 2012. a systematic literature review was conducted to synthesize current knowledge and identify critical knowledge gaps. | 2019 | 30676269 |
| isolation of streptococcus agalactiae in a female llama (lama glama) in south tyrol (italy). | streptococcus agalactiae is pathogenic for both animals and humans. in dairy cattle it commonly causes mastitis, with great economic losses, and there is scientific evidence of mastitis, caseous lymphadenitis, contagious skin necrosis and purulent infections associated with s. agalactiae in camels (camelus dromedarius) as well. in humans, it is a common component of the respiratory and gastrointestinal microflora, but it can also act as a pathogen, especially in elderly people and immunocompromi ... | 2018 | 30424747 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) of thal and cholistan deserts, punjab, pakistan. | toxoplasma (t.) gondii is an important zoonotic protozoan infecting humans and a wide range of animals. in this study, we determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of t. gondii in one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) in pakistan. camels are still an important mean of transportation in some desert areas in pakistan. in addition, they are the main source of meat and milk for people in those regions; therefore, they have the potential to transmit t. gondii ... | 2019 | 30413878 |
| mers coronavirus outbreak: implications for emerging viral infections. | in september 2012, a novel coronavirus was isolated from a patient who died in saudi arabia after presenting with acute respiratory distress and acute kidney injury. analysis revealed the disease to be due to a novel virus which was named middle east respiratory coronavirus (mers-cov). there have been several mers-cov hospital outbreaks in ksa, continuing to the present day, and the disease has a mortality rate in excess of 35%. since 2012, the world health organization has been informed of 2220 ... | 2019 | 30413355 |
| countrywide survey for mers-coronavirus antibodies in dromedaries and humans in pakistan. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is a zoonotic pathogen capable of causing severe respiratory disease in humans. although dromedary camels are considered as a major reservoir host, the mers-cov infection dynamics in camels are not fully understood. through surveillance in pakistan, nasal (n = 776) and serum (n = 1050) samples were collected from camels between november 2015 and february 2018. samples were collected from animal markets, free-roaming herds and abattoirs. an ... | 2018 | 30311100 |
| modulation of the immune response by middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus. | coronavirus (cov) infections are commonly associated with respiratory and enteric disease in humans and animals. in 2012, a new human disease called middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) emerged in the middle east. mers was caused by a virus that was originally called human coronavirus-erasmus medical center/2012 but was later renamed as middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov). mers-cov causes high fever, cough, acute respiratory tract infection, and multiorgan dysfunction that ... | 2019 | 30146782 |
| lack of serological evidence of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in virus exposed camel abattoir workers in nigeria, 2016. | backgroundmiddle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is a zoonotic threat of global public health concern and dromedary camels are the source of zoonotic infection. although mers-cov is enzootic in dromedaries in africa as well as the middle east, zoonotic disease has not been reported in africa. methods: in an abattoir in kano, nigeria, we tested nasal swabs from camels and investigated 261 humans with repeated occupational exposure to camels, many of whom also reported drinking fr ... | 2018 | 30107872 |
| reported direct and indirect contact with dromedary camels among laboratory-confirmed mers-cov cases. | dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) are now known to be the vertebrate animal reservoir that intermittently transmits the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) to humans. yet, details as to the specific mechanism(s) of zoonotic transmission from dromedaries to humans remain unclear. the aim of this study was to describe direct and indirect contact with dromedaries among all cases, and then separately for primary, non-primary, and unclassified cases of laboratory-confirmed me ... | 2018 | 30104551 |
| chimeric camel/human heavy-chain antibodies protect against mers-cov infection. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) continues to cause outbreaks in humans as a result of spillover events from dromedaries. in contrast to humans, mers-cov-exposed dromedaries develop only very mild infections and exceptionally potent virus-neutralizing antibody responses. these strong antibody responses may be caused by affinity maturation as a result of repeated exposure to the virus or by the fact that dromedaries-apart from conventional antibodies-have relatively unique, ... | 2018 | 30101189 |
| cumulus cells of camel (camelus dromedarius) antral follicles are multipotent stem cells. | the mammalian ovary is a highly dynamic organ, in which proliferation and differentiation occur constantly during the entire life span, particularly in camels that are characterized by a follicular wave pattern and induced ovulation. granulosa cells are the main cells of mature follicles. two distinct cell types, namely, the mural and cumulus granulosa cells are distinguished on the basis of antral fluid increase. the multipotency of follicular fluid and the luteinizing cell were recently demons ... | 2018 | 30100012 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin b by recombinant nanobody using phage display technology. | staphylococcal enterotoxin b, from staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus), is one of the most potent bacterial superantigens with profound toxic effects on the immune system. it is associated with food poisoning, toxic shock, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and nasal polyps in humans. the current diagnostic methods for staphylococcal enterotoxin are mainly based on traditional monoclonal antibodies which hardly meet the requirements for clinical applications, and hybridoma clones lose their ability to sec ... | 2019 | 29984392 |
| papillomavirus infection in humans and dromedary camels in eastern sudan. | cases of wart-like lesions in humans and dromedary camels occurred in eastern sudan in 2015 were described. involvement of papillomavirus (pv) in causing these cases was affirmed by pcr and immunoperoxidase test. mostly, the lesions were observed on the skin of the chest and forearms in addition to lips and mandible. sequence analysis revealed camelus dromedarius pv types 1 and 2 genotypes as the causative genotypes. we also observed cases of wart-like lesions on hands and legs of two herders at ... | 2018 | 29893639 |
| screening for fecal presence of colistin-resistant escherichia coli and mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in camel-calves in southern tunisia. | camels (camelus dromedarius) are known to harbor multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria and to be involved in the transmission of various microorganisms to humans. data on the occurrence of colistin resistant escherichia coli as well as mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes in camels are lacking. we investigated the presence of colistin resistance and mcr (1-2) genes in e. coli from the feces of camels in tunisia. presumptive e. coli isolates from camel-calves in southern tunisia were qu ... | 2018 | 29866140 |
| modeling the spread of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus in saudi arabia. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus has been persistent in the middle east region since 2012. abundant scientific evidence showed that dromedary camels are the primary host of the virus. majority of human cases (i.e., 75% or 88%) are due to human-to-human transmission, while the others are due to camel-to-human transmission. mathematical modeling of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus camel-to-camel transmission was lacking. using the plug-and-play likelihood-based inference fr ... | 2018 | 29846148 |
| first report of cryptosporidium parvum in a dromedary camel calf from western australia. | cryptosporidium is an important enteric parasite that can contribute large numbers of infectious oocysts to drinking water catchments. as a result of its resistance to disinfectants including chlorine, it has been responsible for numerous waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis. wildlife and livestock play an important role in the transmission of cryptosporidium in the environment. studies conducted outside australia have indicated that camels may also play a role in the transmission of zoonotic ... | 2018 | 29654683 |
| prion disease in dromedary camels, algeria. | prions cause fatal and transmissible neurodegenerative diseases, including creutzfeldt-jakob disease in humans, scrapie in small ruminants, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse). after the bse epidemic, and the associated human infections, began in 1996 in the united kingdom, general concerns have been raised about animal prions. we detected a prion disease in dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) in algeria. symptoms suggesting prion disease occurred in 3.1% of dromedaries brought for sla ... | 2018 | 29652245 |
| emerging developments on pathogenicity, molecular virulence, epidemiology and clinical symptoms of current middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov). | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) is a recently reported virus that is associated with severe, life threatening and rapidly spreading primarily respiratory illness called the middle east respiratory syndrome. mers-cov possesses a unique positive-sense single-stranded rna and can undergo rapid mutation in the viral genome. this results in antigenic switching and genetic variation, finally leading to the emergence of novel and new mers-cov subtypes which are uncontrollable by ... | 2017 | 32288937 |
| detection of pancoronavirus using pcr in camelus dromedarius in iran (first report). | coronaviride is a colossal family of viruses that cause a variety of diseases in humans and other animals. as of late, a novel coronavirus, not anterior-optically discerned in humans, has been identified in a denizen of the middle east. there is growing evidence that the camelus dromedarius is host species for the virus and plays an important role of a source of human infection. along these lines, the authors decided to detect coronaviruses in dromedary camels in two high-risk areas of iran by e ... | 2017 | 32214976 |
| prevalence of trypanosoma evansi in livestock in palestine. | trypanosoma evansi is the causative agent of surra, a disease that occurs in many animal species. the disease is responsible for substantial losses in global production and can be fatal if not diagnosed early. this study aims to determine the prevalence of t. evansi in livestock, equids and dromedary camels in palestine. | 2020 | 31931864 |
| comparative expression of cell adhesion molecule1 (cadm1) in the testes of experimental mice and some farm animals. | cell adhesion molecule1 (cadm1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (igsf) that has been found in mammalian testis and plays a substantial role in cell-to-cell interaction via either hemophilic (between spermatogenic cells) or heterophilic (between spermatogenic and somatic sertoli cells) binding. the present study investigated the immunohistochemical localization of cadm1 in the testes of adult mice (mus musculus), as well as sexually mature bull (bos taurus), camel (camelus dromedari ... | 2020 | 31635798 |
| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in non-camelid domestic mammals. | dromedary camels are natural host of the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov). however, there are limited studies of mers-cov infection of other domestic mammals exposed to infected dromedaries. we expanded our surveillance among camels in egypt, tunisia, and senegal to include other domestic mammalian species in contact with infected camels. a total of 820 sera and 823 nasal swabs from cattle, sheep, goats, donkeys, buffaloes, mules, and horses were collected. swabs were test ... | 2019 | 30866764 |
| potential intermediate hosts for coronavirus transmission: no evidence of clade 2c coronaviruses in domestic livestock from ghana. | the emergence of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), nearly a decade ago with worldwide distribution, was believed to be of zoonotic origin from bats with dromedary camels as intermediate hosts. there is a likelihood of other domestic livestock serving as intermediate hosts for this virus. the presence of coronaviruses, closely related to mers-cov in ghanaian bats, presented the opportunity to test the hypothesis of transmissibility of this virus through domestic livestock s ... | 2019 | 30744201 |
| identification of sarcocystis spp. in one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) from riyadh and dammam, saudi arabia, via histological and phylogenetic approaches. | sarcocystis(s.) spp. are intracellular protozoan parasites that infect birds and animals, resulting in substantial commercial losses. sarcocystis spp. have an indirect life cycle; canines and felines are known to act as final hosts, and numerous domestic and wild animals act as intermediate hosts. the presence of sarcocysts in camel meat may diminish its commercial quality. there is limited knowledge regarding the taxonomy and diagnosis of sarcocystis spp. that infect camels in saudi arabia. in ... | 2020 | 32605261 |
| camelids and cattle are dead-end hosts for peste-des-petits-ruminants virus. | peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) causes a severe respiratory disease in small ruminants. the possible impact of different atypical host species in the spread and planed worldwide eradication of pprv remains to be clarified. recent transmission trials with the virulent pprv lineage iv (liv)-strain kurdistan/2011 revealed that pigs and wild boar are possible sources of pprv-infection. we therefore investigated the role of cattle, llamas, alpacas, and dromedary camels in transmission trials ... | 2019 | 31817946 |
| cytochrome b conservation between six camel breeds reared in egypt. | this study was aimed to assess cytochrome b conservation in six breeds of camels reared in egypt and to compare its sequence with those of other livestock species. the 208-bp fragments from camel mtdna cyto b were amplified using pcr for 54 camels belonging to 6 camel breeds reared in egypt. the alignment of camel cyto b sequences showed the presence of two polymorphic sites resulting in four haplotypes and their nucleotide sequences were submitted to genbank under the accession numbers: kx90989 ... | 2017 | 30647635 |
| mitochondrial dna variation and phylogeography of old world camels. | old world camels are a valuable genetic resource for many countries around the world due to their adaptation to the desert environment. at present, old world camels have encountered the challenge of unprecedented loss of genetic resources. through our research, we would reveal the population structure and genetic variation in old world camel populations, which provide a theoretical basis for understanding the germplasm resources and origin and evolution of different old world camel populations.. | 2020 | 32898955 |
| scanning electron microscopy of onchocerca fasciata (filarioidea: onchocercidae) adults, microfilariae and eggs with notes on histopathological findings in camels. | onchocerca fasciata is a prevalent filarial species in camelids of asia and africa forming nodules in the skin of dromedary and bactrian camels. in spite of recent advances in the biology and epidemiology of this nematode species, a relatively scant number of studies have focussed on the morphology of this parasite. the main objective of this study was to describe morphological characteristics of adults, microfilariae and eggs of o. fasciata by scanning electron microscopy (sem), staining and hi ... | 2020 | 32404208 |
| middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibodies in bactrian and hybrid camels from dubai. | so far, dromedary camels are the only known animal reservoir for middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) coronavirus (mers-cov). previous published serological studies showed that sera of bactrian camels were all negative for mers-cov antibodies. however, a recent study revealed that direct inoculation of bactrian camels intranasally with mers-cov can lead to infection with abundant virus shedding and seroconversion. in this study, we examined the presence of mers-cov antibodies in bactrian and ... | 2020 | 31969478 |
| whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across asia reveals origin and migration of domestic bactrian camels. | the domestic bactrian camels were treated as one of the principal means of locomotion between the eastern and western cultures in history. however, whether they originated from east asia or central asia remains elusive. to address this question, we perform whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across asia. the extant wild and domestic bactrian camels show remarkable genetic divergence, as they were split from dromedaries. the wild bactrian camels also contribute little to the ancestry of domesti ... | 2020 | 31925316 |
| the camel adaptive immune receptors repertoire as a singular example of structural and functional genomics. | the adaptive immune receptors repertoire is highly plastic, with its ability to produce antigen-binding molecules and select those with high affinity for their antigen. species have developed diverse genetic and structural strategies to create their respective repertoires required for their survival in the different environments. camelids, until now, considered as a case of evolutionary innovation because of their only heavy-chain antibodies, represent a new mammalian model particularly useful f ... | 2019 | 31681428 |
| natural killer cell receptor genes in camels: another mammalian model. | due to production of special homodimeric heavy chain antibodies, somatic hypermutation of their t-cell receptor genes and unusually low diversity of their major histocompatibility complex genes, camels represent an important model for immunogenetic studies. here, we analyzed genes encoding selected natural killer cell receptors with a special focus on genes encoding receptors for major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i ligands in the two domestic camel species, camelus dromedarius and cam ... | 2019 | 31312212 |
| comparative analysis of the trb locus in the camelus genus. | t cells can be separated into two major subsets based on the heterodimer that forms their t cell receptors. αβ t cells have receptors consisting of α and β chains, while γδ t cells are composed of γ and δ chains. αβ t cells play an essential role within the adaptive immune responses against pathogens. the recent genomic characterization of the camelus dromedarius t cell receptor β (trb) locus has allowed us to infer the structure of this locus from the draft genome sequences of its wild and dome ... | 2019 | 31231418 |
| bactrian camels shed large quantities of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) after experimental infection. | in 2012, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) emerged. to date, more than 2300 cases have been reported, with an approximate case fatality rate of 35%. epidemiological investigations identified dromedary camels as the source of mers-cov zoonotic transmission and evidence of mers-cov circulation has been observed throughout the original range of distribution. other new-world camelids, alpacas and llamas, are also susceptible to mers-cov infection. currently, it is unknown wheth ... | 2019 | 31119984 |
| molecular characterization, bioinformatic analysis, and expression profile of lin-28 gene and its protein from arabian camel (camelus dromedarius). | lin-28 is an rna-binding protein that is known for its role in promoting the pluripotency of stem cells. in the present study, arabian camel lin-28 (clin-28) cdna was identified and analyzed. full length clin-28 mrna was obtained using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). it was shown to be 715 bp in length, and the open reading frame (orf) encoded 205 amino acids. the molecular weight and theoretical isoelectric point (pi) of the clin-28 protein were predicted to be 22. ... | 2019 | 31075852 |
| comparative fish-mapping of mc1r, asip, and tyrp1 in new and old world camelids and association analysis with coat color phenotypes in the dromedary (camelus dromedarius). | melanocortin 1 receptor (mc1r), the agouti signaling protein (asip), and tyrosinase related protein 1 (tyrp1) are among the major regulators of pigmentation in mammals. recently, mc1r and asip sequence variants were associated with white and black/dark brown coat colors, respectively, in the dromedary. here we confirmed this association by independent sequencing and mutation discovery of mc1r and asip coding regions and by taqman genotyping in 188 dromedaries from saudi arabia and united states, ... | 2019 | 31040864 |
| comparative fatty acids composition and cholesterol content in bactrian (camelus bactrianus) and dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) meat. | the present study is aimed at comparing the fatty acid profiles, cholesterol, and atherogenicity index of bactrian and dromedary camel meat by using discriminant analysis to identify the more discriminating fatty acids. six muscles were sampled from nine bactrian and nine dromedary camels and analyzed for fatty acid parameters and cholesterol content. the mean fatty acid profiles differed in higher proportion between species than between muscles. the main discriminating fatty acids between speci ... | 2019 | 31011922 |
| improving illumina assemblies with hi-c and long reads: an example with the north african dromedary. | researchers have assembled thousands of eukaryotic genomes using illumina reads, but traditional mate-pair libraries cannot span all repetitive elements, resulting in highly fragmented assemblies. however, both chromosome conformation capture techniques, such as hi-c and dovetail genomics chicago libraries and long-read sequencing, such as pacific biosciences and oxford nanopore, help span and resolve repetitive regions and therefore improve genome assemblies. one important livestock species of ... | 2019 | 30972949 |
| gametogony of eimeria cameli in the small intestine of one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius). | domesticated old world camels (camelus dromedarius and camelus bactrianus) are important for the economy of several countries in asia, africa, and the arabian peninsula, and coccidiosis is an important disease in camels. there is confusion concerning the species of coccidian parasites in camels and their life cycles. although five species of eimeria (e. cameli, e. rajasthani, e. dromedarii, e. bactriani, and e. pellerdyi) were named from camels, e. cameli is considered the most pathogenic. here, ... | 2018 | 30203186 |
| entrainment of circadian rhythms of locomotor activity by ambient temperature cycles in the dromedary camel. | in the dromedary camel, a well-adapted desert mammal, daily ambient temperature (ta)-cycles have been shown to synchronize the central circadian clock. such entrainment has been demonstrated by examining two circadian outputs, body temperature and melatonin rhythms. locomotor activity (la), another circadian output not yet investigated in the camel, may provide further information on such specific entrainment. to verify if daily la is an endogenous rhythm and whether the desert ta-cycle can entr ... | 2020 | 33177571 |
| epidemiological investigation of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus infection among the one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) in southern tunisia. | crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever is a viral tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by a nairovirus, crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv). the present survey aimed to determine the exposure of one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) from southern tunisia to cchfv. a total of 273 sera from extensively reared camels were collected from tataouine district, tunisia, and tested by cchfv-specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. by combining the results of three serological tests, the overall ... | 2020 | 33176235 |
| tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium caprae in a camel (camelus dromedarius). | animal tuberculosis (tb) is distributed worldwide and has a wide range of wild and domestic reservoirs. few studies concerning tb in camelids have been published in the last decade, particularly as regards old world camelids (owc), but the increase in reports of tb outbreaks in these species in recent years suggests a high susceptibility to the infection. | 2020 | 33172453 |
| tuberculosis in small ruminants and dromedary camels in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | tuberculosis (tb) is a chronic infectious disease of livestock with serious economic and public health impact in ethiopia. the disease is reported from cattle, small ruminants and dromedary camels in the country. however, there is no organized summary report on the magnitude and distribution pattern of tb in small ruminants and dromedary camels, unlike that of bovine tb. consequent to this gap, this review was organized to provide pooled prevalence estimates, and examine level of heterogeneity a ... | 2020 | 33166824 |
| retrograde flushing collection and freezing of dromedary camel epididymal spermatozoa with seminal plasma. | the objectives of this study were to describe the parameters of dromedary camel epididymal spermatozoa collected by retrograde flushing (rf) technique and to evaluate the freezability of the collected sperm, diluted with and without the supplementation of seminal plasma (sp). two experiments were conducted: in experiment 1, es were recovered within 6-8 h after castration; selected samples were diluted with a tris-citrate egg-yolk glycerolated buffer and frozen. in experiment 2, epididymides were ... | 2020 | 33156003 |
| ultrasonography of the kidneys in healthy and diseased camels (camelus dromedarius). | this review article is written to describe the results of ultrasonography of the kidneys in healthy camels as well as camels with some renal disorders. in the dromedary camel, the physiology of the kidney is of interest in view of the specialization of the camel to hot dry deserts and to prolonged periods without water. it plays an important role in water conservation through the production of highly concentrated urine that may predispose animal to varieties of renal disorders. examples of kidne ... | 2020 | 33144934 |
| leukocyte populations and their cell adhesion molecules expression in newborn dromedary camel calves. | different properties of the newborn immune system have been characterized in many species. for the newborn camel calf, however, the phenotype and composition of blood leukocytes have so far not been evaluated. the current study aimed to analyze the distribution of leukocyte subpopulations and their expression pattern of cell adhesion molecules in newborn and adult dromedary camels. | 2020 | 33132598 |
| investigation of internal and external parasites of the camels (camelus dromedarius) in algeria. | parasitic diseases are one of the dominant pathological entities with significant consequences on camel productivity. this survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of camel infection with internal and external parasites in two regions in southern algeria, between january and december 2015. the investigation of external parasites was carried out in oued souf and concerned 406 camels. for internal parasites, two studies were conducted; the first was realized at the slaughterhouse in the ... | 2020 | 33128515 |
| epidemiological and histopathological investigation of sarcocystis spp. in slaughtered dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) in egypt. | sarcocystosis is considered one of the major parasitic diseases with a worldwide distribution. it is caused by the obligatory intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus sarcocystis. besides its public health issues, sarcocystosis results in significant economic losses due to its impact on productivity and milk yield. a wide range of final and intermediate hosts have been identified, including mammals, birds, and reptiles; however, few studies have investigated the contribution of camels to m ... | 2020 | 33120870 |
| reconstruction of third-degree perineal lacerations in female camels (camelus dromedarius) using a modified goetz one-stage repair technique. | this study was designed to evaluate the modified goetz-one-stage repair technique for reconstruction of third-degree perineal lacerations (tdpls) in female camels. fifteen female dromedary camels with tdpl were surgically reconstructed using the modified goetz one-stage repair using the three-line closure technique. the surgical outcomes, the interval between repair and breeding, and the postoperative conception of the operated female camels were recorded and analyzed. during the 12-month postop ... | 2020 | 33116026 |
| cystic echinococcosis of camels: 12s rrna gene variation revealed changing pattern of genetic diversity within echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in the middle east and north/sub-saharan africa. | cystic echinococcosis (ce) is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases, with considerable public health and economic importance. camels play a significant role in transmission cycle of echinococcus granulosus especially, in the middle east and north africa (mena). the present study aimed to identify the genetic variation and haplotype distribution of camel isolates of e. granulosus sensu lato using all existing e. granulosus mitochondrial dna data from camels in different parts of the world. ... | 2020 | 33094107 |
| molecular characterization of a novel camelus dromedarius papillomavirus. | papillomaviruses affect both human and non-human hosts. in camels, papillomatosis is caused by camelus dromedarius papillomavirus type 1 and 2 (cdpv1 and cdpv2, respectively). in late 2018, an outbreak of camelpox occurred in a herd of fattening camels in egypt. several animals were found to be co-infected with camelpox and camel papillomaviruses. the morbidity with papillomatosis was 35 %. the infection was confirmed by pcr then illumina sequencing revealed the presence of a complete genome of ... | 2020 | 33091861 |
| short communication: caseins and α-lactalbumin content of camel milk (camelus dromedarius) determined by capillary electrophoresis. | camel milk has unique physical, nutritional, and technological properties when compared with other milks, especially bovine. because proteins confer many of the properties of milk and its products, this study aimed to determine the proteins of camel milk, their correlations, and relative distribution. raw milk samples were collected from 103 dromedary camels in the morning and evening. capillary electrophoresis results showed wide variation in the concentrations (g/l) of proteins between samples ... | 2020 | 33069408 |
| first report of chlamydophila abortus infection in the dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) population in eastern algeria. | chlamydiosis is caused by an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium of the genus chlamydophila which is a zoonotic pathogen. the objectives of the study were to identify the seroprevalence of antibodies against chlamydophila abortus in dromedary camel herds from four districts in eastern algeria, as well as to estimate the association between seroprevalence and certain factors present at the animal and herd levels. blood samples were collected from a random sample of animals within each ... | 2020 | 33065404 |
| gastrointestinal parasites of dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) in algeria. | the present study was designed to investigate the prevalence and identification of gastrointestinal parasites in feces samples of dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) in algeria based on microscopic examination. | 2020 | 33061238 |
| description of normal head structures of the one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius) by magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and cross-sectional anatomy. | this study was designed for the 1st time to describe the normal head structures of one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius) using both magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and computed tomography (ct) as well as cross-sectional anatomy. | 2020 | 33061230 |
| endosymbiotic ciliated protozoan biota of dromedary camels and domestic cattle in tunisia. | species concentration and composition of endosymbiotic ciliates were investigated in the forestomach contents of 12 dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) and the ruminal contents of 16 domestic cattle (bos taurus taurus) living in ben gardane, tunisia. sixteen species and 8 morphotypes, belonging to 8 genera, were identified from dromedary camels, and 18 species and 13 morphotypes, belonging to 8 genera, were identified from domestic cattle. this is the first report on the endosymbiotic ciliate ... | 2020 | 33056191 |
| t-cell responses to mers coronavirus infection in people with occupational exposure to dromedary camels in nigeria: an observational cohort study. | middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) remains of global public health concern. dromedary camels are the source of zoonotic infection. over 70% of mers coronavirus (mers-cov)-infected dromedaries are found in africa but no zoonotic disease has been reported in africa. we aimed to understand whether individuals with exposure to dromedaries in africa had been infected by mers-cov. | 2020 | 33035474 |
| vitrification of camel oocytes transiently impacts mitochondrial functions without affecting the developmental potential after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and parthenogenetic activation. | oocyte vitrification preserves the female genetic resources of elite dromedary camels. in the current study, we aimed to explore the effects of vitrification of camel oocytes on mitochondrial activity, redox stress, and expression of genes related to mitochondrial function, apoptosis, pluripotency, and cytoskeleton. moreover, we investigated developmental competence of vitrified oocytes after parthenogenetic activation. oocytes vitrified with the cryotop method were compared with the fresh oocyt ... | 2020 | 33029771 |
| fatal neonatal infection with klebsiella pneumoniae in dromedary camels: pathology and molecular identification of isolates from four cases. | in the present study, sudden mortalities were reported due to pneumonia in four neonatal camels (5 to 10 days old) of an organized dromedary camel farm. the clinical manifestations in affected camels were weakness, mild to high fever, not suckling, respiratory distress, and sudden death. on the basis of gross and histopathological lesions, the pneumonia was classified into bronchopneumonia (n = 2), bronchointerstitial pneumonia (n = 1), and interstitial pneumonia (n = 1). in bacterial culture, k ... | 2020 | 33025455 |
| changes of reproductive indices of the testis due to trypanosoma evansi infection in dromedary bulls (camelus dromedarius): semen picture, hormonal profile, histopathology, oxidative parameters, and hematobiochemical profile. | ithis study was designed for the investigation of the effect of infection by trypanosoma evansi on the changes of reproductive indices of the testis, causing reproductive failure in dromedary bulls (camelus dromedarius). | 2020 | 33005681 |
| investigation of total immunoglobulin g concentration, heavy chain antibody levels, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in female camels and their newborn calves. | camels belong to a group of animals, where the structure of placenta does not allow intrauterine transfer of maternal immunoglobulins to the fetus and maternal immunity is exclusively transferred by colostrum to the newborn calf. there are few studies on the passive transfer of maternal immunity in the dromedary camel. this study determined total immunoglobulin g concentration, heavy chain antibody (hcabs) levels, and neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (nlr) in female camels and their newborn calv ... | 2020 | 32996038 |
| leukocyte populations in peripheral blood of dromedary camels with clinical endometritis. | endometritis represents the main cause of reproductive failure in dromedary camels. in dromedary camels, associations between endometritis-causing pathogen-species, disease severity, and systemic changes in the immune system have not been evaluated. in the current study, there was use of flow cytometry and immunofluorescence of membrane proteins for the evaluation of leukocyte subsets and the cellular phenotype in blood of camels with clinical endometritis and evaluations of associations with di ... | 2020 | 32980651 |
| improvement of the shelf-life status of modified atmosphere packaged camel meat using nisin and olea europaea subsp. laperrinei leaf extract. | the impact of combined biopreservation treatment with olea europaea subsp. laperrinei leave extracts (laper.ole) and nisin on the quality attributes of camel steaks packaged under high o2 (80%) and co2 (20%) atmosphere was investigated during refrigerated (1 ± 1 °c) long-term storage. as measured by reversed phase hplc/dad analysis, oleuropein is the phenolic compound most present in the chemical composition of laper.ole (63.03%). camel steaks treated with laper.ole had a lower concentration of ... | 2020 | 32971898 |
| effects of two-dose intravenous administration of furosemide on clinical variables, electrocardiographic indices and serum electrolytes in dromedary calves. | the intravenous (iv) usage of diuretic agents such as furosemide may cause changes in clinical signs, electrocardiographic (ecg) indices and serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium) concentrations in dromedary calves. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, ecg and biochemical effects of two-dose iv administration of furosemide in dromedary calves. a total of 21 clinically healthy male dromedary calves with the age of 5 (± 1) months and ... | 2020 | 32965802 |
| the global status and genetic characterization of hydatidosis in camels (camelus dromedarius): a systematic literature review with meta-analysis based on published papers. | | 2020 | 32940199 |
| housing management of male dromedaries during the rut season: effects of social contact between males and movement control on sexual behavior, blood metabolites and hormonal balance. | the current study aimed to evaluate the effect of different housing management systems on behavior, blood metabolites and hormonal balance in male dromedaries during the rutting season. forty-eight adult male dromedaries were stratified in a two by three factorial experiment design, testing effects of social contact (single and group) and movement control (tied, fenced and exercise). during a ten-week experimental period, male dromedaries were filmed weekly for 20 min three times per day to eval ... | 2020 | 32927818 |
| metabolic drug targets of the cytosine metabolism pathways in the dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius) and blood parasite trypanosoma evansi. | trypanosomiasis is a major illness affecting camels in tropical and subtropical regions. comparisons of camel and trypanosoma evansi genomes can lead to the discovery of new drug targets for treating trypanosoma infections. the synthesis pathways of cytosine, cytidine, cytidine monophosphate (cmp), cytidine diphosphate (cdp), cytidine triphosphate (ctp) deoxycytidine, deoxycytidine monophosphate (dcmp), deoxycytidine diphosphate (dcdp), and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dctp) were compared in the ... | 2020 | 32926292 |
| camel-related deaths-a forensic overview. | camels are ungulates of the genus camelus and have been used for centuries in parts of asia and africa for transport and sustenance. handling of camels is not without its dangers, and 4 cases from south australia are reported with a review of lethal camel-related issues. case 1 is a 56-year-old man who died of multiple blunt force injuries after he had attempted to move a 7-year-old female dromedary (camelus dromedarius). case 2 is a 65-year-old woman who was crushed by 1 or more camels that she ... | 2020 | 32925211 |
| pregnancy status and thyroid function in semi-intensive-kept marecha she-camels (camelus dromedarius): managerial implications. | pakistani marecha dromedaries, a distinctive breed not covered in the empirical data of the literature reviewed existing for thyroidal physiology in camels, are subjected to investigate thyroid function in pregnant multiparous (n = 22) and non-pregnant nor lactating (n = 22) females. the function of the thyroid gland in pubescent she-camels has evoked discrepancies among researchers exploring this topic in different breeds evolving in divergent environments. despite season, age, sex, reproductiv ... | 2020 | 32918162 |
| factors affecting pregnancy rates and pregnancy losses after embryo transfer in dromedary camels. | the present study was conducted to estimate incidence of late embryonic and early fetal mortalities (lem/efm) after embryo transfer (et) and to investigate factors that could affect proportions of lem/efm in dromedary camels. the uteri of 180 donors were flushed at day 9 post-mating and 1309 ets were conducted in 886 recipient females in two breeding seasons (2014-2015 and 2015-2016). pregnancy diagnosis was conducted at day 10 after et (day 19 of gestation) by using the progesterone-elisa test ... | 2020 | 32861107 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of ticks and tick-borne pathogens of one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) in nigeria. | ticks are hematophagous arthropods responsible for maintenance and transmission of several pathogens of veterinary and medical importance. current knowledge on species diversity and pathogens transmitted by ticks infesting camels in nigeria is limited. therefore, the aim of this study was to unravel the status of ticks and tick-borne pathogens of camels in nigeria. | 2020 | 32838795 |