| ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis infection in women with urogenital diseases. | the aim of the study was to assess the incidence of ureaplasma urealyticum (u. urealyticum) and mycoplasma hominis (m. hominis) infection in women with urogenital diseases. | 2006 | 17357319 |
| [molecular and chemical mechanism of trichomonas vaginalis-induced contact-dependent cytotoxicity]. | trichomonas vaginalis parasitizes in human genitourinary tract. the protozoon adhering to target cell plays a critical role in its contact-dependent cytotoxicity. the enzymes synthesized by t.voginalis can hurt vaginalis epithelial cells (vecs) directly. the focal immune reaction in the location parasitized by the parasite may provide an immunologic protection. meanwhile, inflammatory factors and immune cells may aggravate the situation. in general, the t. vaginalis-induced contact-dependent cyt ... | 2006 | 17361821 |
| [cloning and sequence analysis of a partial gene of trichomonas vaginalis dsrna virus]. | a pair of degenerate primers were designed following the published nucleotide sequence of trichomonas vaginalis virus(u08999, nc003873, nc003824, nc003834). using the total nucleic acids extracted from the trichomonas vaginalis as template, rt-pcr was performed with the primers to obtain a fragment of the tvv. the product was cloned, sequenced and compared with the sequences available in the genbank. the size of the amplified gene was 1 454bp, which shares 82.9% sequence identity with the tricho ... | 2006 | 17361826 |
| reply to: microscopy and culture for trichomonas vaginalis: are both required? | | 2007 | 17362561 |
| [an in vitro test of propolis against trichomonas vaginalis]. | cultured t. vaginalis was used for the anti-trichomonas test at different times, concentrations of propolis and densities of the parasites. after being cultured for 0, 6, 12, 24 hrs, the survival rate of the parasites was (91.50+/-3.11)%, (43.00+/-6.83)%, (22.25+/-5.32)% and (11.50+/-5.74)% respectively with a significant difference between propolis group and the control. under the concentrations of 0.24, 0.48, 0.96, 1.92, 3.84 and 7.68 (mg/ml) with 24 hrs culture, the survival rate was (88.00+/ ... | 2006 | 17366987 |
| a bacterial ecto-triphosphate diphosphohydrolase similar to human cd39 is essential for intracellular multiplication of legionella pneumophila. | as part of its pathogenesis, legionella pneumophila persists within human alveolar macrophages in non-acidified organelles that do not mature into phagolysosomes. two l. pneumophila genes, lpg0971 and lpg1905, are predicted to encode ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (ecto-ntpdases) that share sequence similarity with human cd39/ntpdase1. the predicted products possess five apyrase conserved domains that are typical of eukaryotic ecto-ntpdases. in this study, we found that an lpg1 ... | 2007 | 17388784 |
| dolichol-linked oligosaccharide selection by the oligosaccharyltransferase in protist and fungal organisms. | the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide glc3man9glcnac2-pp-dol is the in vivo donor substrate synthesized by most eukaryotes for asparagine-linked glycosylation. however, many protist organisms assemble dolichol-linked oligosaccharides that lack glucose residues. we have compared donor substrate utilization by the oligosaccharyltransferase (ost) from trypanosoma cruzi, entamoeba histolytica, trichomonas vaginalis, cryptococcus neoformans, and saccharomyces cerevisiae using structurally homogeneous d ... | 2007 | 17403929 |
| identification of a new protein in the centrosome-like "atractophore" of trichomonas vaginalis. | the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis has specific structural bodies, atractophores, associated at one end to the kinetosomes and at the other to the spindle during division. a monoclonal antibody specific for a component of this structure was obtained. it recognizes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 477 kda. sequence analysis of this protein shows that p477 belongs to the family of large coiled-coil proteins, sharing a highly versatile protein folding motif adaptable to many biolo ... | 2007 | 17418436 |
| cysteine proteinase 30 in clinical isolates of t. vaginalis from symptomatic and asymptomatic infected women. | a cysteine proteinase of 30 kda (cp30) of trichomonas vaginalis, is known to play a role in cytoadherence of the parasite to host cells. however, the cp30 activity in clinical isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients has not been analyzed. in the present study, cp30 was detected in 20 fresh and long-term culture maintained t. vaginalis isolates each from symptomatic and asymptomatic women by substrate gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. though cp30 was detected in all the fresh is ... | 2007 | 17420015 |
| prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among women in delhi, india. | bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age. surveillance studies on bacterial vaginosis are mostly based on specialist clinic settings. as few population-based prevalence surveys of bacterial vaginosis have been conducted, we studied the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in the urban and rural communities in delhi, and to associate the presence of bacterial vaginosis with demographic profile, risk factors and presence of other reproductive t ... | 2007 | 17431287 |
| urinary symptoms in adolescent females: sti or uti? | to determine if urinary symptoms or urinary tract infections (uti) were associated with sexually transmitted infections (sti) and which history, clinical, and laboratory findings could distinguish these infections in symptomatic women. | 2007 | 17448399 |
| [human pulmonary trichomonoses]. | colonization of human lungs by various trichomonas species is a frequent occurrence, but is unknown to most physicians. at this site of infection, the parasite develops into an amoeboid form that renders it unrecognizable. for this reason it has been overlooked until recently. morphological identification is not feasible under these conditions and molecular tools provide the only means of identification. the species involved are not restricted to trichomonas tenax, a saprophyte of the mouth that ... | 2007 | 17449372 |
| sexually transmitted infections in preadolescent children. | pediatric nurse practitioners may be called on to conduct an assessment for sexual abuse of a young child. depending on the type of sexual contact, a decision may have to be made to obtain cultures for sexually transmitted infections (stis). recognizing the symptoms of stis in preadolescent children, along with having knowledge of the modes of transmission, diagnostics, and treatment, are part of the clinical decision. the impact of sti in preadolescent children has physical and emotional conseq ... | 2007 | 17478304 |
| association between bacterial vaginosis and herpes simplex virus type-2 infection: implications for hiv acquisition studies. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) and herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) have been linked to an increased risk of hiv-1 acquisition. recent research suggests an association between bv and hsv-2 acquisition, but the converse has not been studied. here, we investigate whether an association exists between bv and hsv-2 infection | 2007 | 17493979 |
| a simple and rapid method for cryopreservation of trichomonas vaginalis. | a pellet freezing method, one type of rapid freezing protocol, was established for trichomonas vaginalis. as cryoprotectants, 5-20% dimethylsulfoxide (dmso), ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol were used. of these, dmso showed a high protective effect, with a maximum effect at a concentration of 20%. no effect of equilibration time was recognized with any of the cryoprotectants. therefore, the optimal condition was deemed 20% dmso without equilibration. the pellet freezing method was ... | 2007 | 17497230 |
| identification of novel risks for nonulcerative sexually transmitted infections among young men in kisumu, kenya. | sti prevention interventions often aim to reduce hiv incidence. understanding sti risks may lead to more effective hiv prevention. | 2007 | 17507834 |
| personal, relational, and peer-level risk factors for laboratory confirmed std prevalence among low-income african american adolescent females. | to identify risk factors for laboratory confirmed sexually transmitted disease (std) prevalence among low-income african american adolescent females living in a high-risk urban area of the southern united states. | 2007 | 17507835 |
| reproductive tract infections among women attending a gynecology outpatient department in vientiane, lao pdr. | objectives and goal: to clinically and microbiologically identify reproductive tract infections (rti), including sexually transmitted infections (sti), and to monitor the antibiotic susceptibility of neisseria gonorrhoeae among women attending a gynecology outpatient department in vientiane, laos. | 2007 | 17507837 |
| etiology of chronic prostatitis syndrome in patients treated at the university hospital for infectious diseases "dr. fran mihaljević" from 2003 to 2005. | a total of 835 patients with symptoms of chronic prostatitis syndrome and no evidence of structural or functional lower genitourinary tract abnormalities were examined in a three year period at the outpatient department for urogenital infections, university hospital for infectious diseases "dr. fran mihaljević" zagreb, croatia. disease etiology was determined in 482 (57.72%) patients. chlamydia trachomatis was proved to be the causative pathogen in 161 patients, trichomonas vaginalis in 85, esch ... | 2006 | 17508488 |
| real-time pcrs for detection of trichomonas vaginalis beta-tubulin and 18s rrna genes in female genital specimens. | trichomonas vaginalis is the cause of one of the most common types of vaginitis, trichomoniasis. the incidence of trichomoniasis in developed countries has decreased substantially during the past decade, but high prevalence of this disease can still be found in rural and remote areas of australia. clinical manifestations of symptomatic women are generally non-specific, but include vaginal discharge, vaginitis and irritation. t. vaginalis infection has also been linked to the increased risk of hu ... | 2007 | 17510262 |
| asymptomatic trichomonas and candida colonization and pregnancy outcome. | trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted surface pathogen of the lower urogenital tract, and may be associated with asymptomatic vaginal colonization or intensely symptomatic vaginitis. in pregnancy it is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. however, a randomized trial of treatment of asymptomatic trichomonas colonization in pregnancy showed an increase in the risk of preterm delivery in treated women. the reasons for this paradox are yet to be fully elucidated. candida ... | 2007 | 17512254 |
| a further proteomic study on the effect of iron in the human pathogen trichomonas vaginalis. | iron is an essential element to support the growth and survival of trichomonas vaginalis. it plays a critical role in the host-parasite interaction, and modulates the expression of virulence factors in this protozoan. in this work, parasites grown in iron-rich and iron-depleted media were analyzed by (i) light and scanning electron microscopy and (ii) 2-de and ms. withdrawal of iron from the culture medium resulted in dramatic changes in both the morphology and in the proteome pattern of t. vagi ... | 2007 | 17514679 |
| injectable progestin contraceptive use and risk of hiv infection in a south african family planning cohort. | to investigate whether the incidence of hiv infection is higher among sexually active women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (dmpa) or noresthisterone enanthate (net-en) injections for contraception than among women using nonhormonal or no contraception. | 2007 | 17519153 |
| isolation of a novel ras gene from trichomonas vaginalis: a possible evolutionary ancestor of the ras and rap genes of higher eukaryotes. | the ras subfamily proteins are small, monomeric gtp-binding proteins with vital roles in regulating eukaryotic signal transduction pathways. gene duplication and divergence have been postulated as the mechanism by which such family members have evolved their specific functions. a cdna clone of tvrsp was isolated and sequenced from a cdna expression library of the primitive eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis. the genomic dna corresponding to the cdna sequence was amplified by pcr and sequenced. sequ ... | 2007 | 17534405 |
| a functionally divergent hydrogenosomal peptidase with protomitochondrial ancestry. | matrix proteins of mitochondria, hydrogenosomes and mitosomes are typically targeted and translocated into their respective organelles using n-terminal presequences that are subsequently cleaved by a peptidase. here we characterize a approximately 47 kda metallopeptidase, from the hydrogenosome-bearing, unicellular eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis, that contains the active site motif (hxxehx(76)e) characteristic of the beta subunit of the mitochondrial processing peptidase (mpp) and localizes to ... | 2007 | 17542912 |
| trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: inadequately managed with the syndromic approach. | to measure the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection and bacterial vaginosis (bv) among pregnant women in botswana, and to evaluate the syndromic approach and alternative management strategies for these conditions in pregnancy. | 2007 | 17546311 |
| a prospective study of genital infections in hamedan, iran. | a prospective study of genital infections was conducted in a university-affiliated teaching hospital in hamedan city, iran. a total of 540 women were recruited and divided into two equal groups: (1) the case group with vaginitis (n=270) and, (2) the asymptomatic control group (n=270). participants were interviewed about the occurrence of any vaginal or urethral discharge. two vaginal swabs were obtained for ph testing, koh and wet mount examination, gram staining and culture at the time of specu ... | 2006 | 17547076 |
| the trichomonad cysteine proteinase tvcp4 transcript contains an iron-responsive element. | the differential expression of the trichomonas vaginalis cysteine proteinase tvcp4 by iron at the protein synthesis level and the prediction of an iron-responsive element (ire)-like stem-loop structure at the 5'-region of the t. vaginalis cysteine proteinase 4 gene (tvcp4) mrna suggest a post-transcriptional mechanism of iron regulation in trichomonads mediated by an ire/irp-like system. gel-shifting, uv cross-linking and competition experiments demonstrated that this ire-like structure specific ... | 2007 | 17553495 |
| racial disparity in risk of preterm birth associated with lower genital tract infection. | the objective of this study was to examine the associations between lower genital tract infection, racial group and preterm birth in the vaginal infections and prematurity study, a large prospective cohort study conducted between 1984 and 1989. this analysis included 11 910 women enrolled at 23-26 weeks' gestation with equal representation from self-identified african american, hispanic and white women. subjects were screened for chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginos ... | 2007 | 17564589 |
| oral contraceptive use may not preclude condom use: a study of non-pregnant african-american adolescent females. | to determine the association between oral contraceptive and condom use, and laboratory-confirmed sexually transmitted infection (sti) among african-american adolescent females at a high risk of sti acquisition. | 2007 | 17569720 |
| the protective value of school enrolment against sexually transmitted disease: a study of high-risk african american adolescent females. | to identify whether school enrolment is protective against laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) and against a spectrum of sexual risk factors. | 2007 | 17569721 |
| double-stranded rna virus in korean isolate ih-2 of trichomonas vaginalis. | in this study, we describe korean isolates of trichomonas vaginalis infected with double-stranded (ds) rna virus (tvv). one t. vaginalis isolate infected with tvv ih-2 evidenced weak pathogenicity in the mouse assay coupled with the persistent presence of a dsrna, thereby indicating a hypovirulence effect of dsrna in t. vaginalis. cloning and sequence analysis results revealed that the genomic dsrna of tvv ih-2 was 4,647 bp in length and evidenced a sequence identity of 80% with the previously-d ... | 2007 | 17570970 |
| frataxin, a conserved mitochondrial protein, in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis. | recent data suggest that frataxin plays a key role in eukaryote cellular iron metabolism, particularly in mitochondrial heme and iron-sulfur (fes) cluster biosynthesis. we have now identified a frataxin homologue (t. vaginalis frataxin) from the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis. instead of mitochondria, this unicellular eukaryote possesses hydrogenosomes, peculiar organelles that produce hydrogen but nevertheless share common ancestry with mitochondria. t. vaginalis frataxin contains conserv ... | 2007 | 17573543 |
| cysteine proteinase 30 (cp30) and antibody response to cp30 in serum and vaginal washes of symptomatic and asymptomatic trichomonas vaginalis-infected women. | infection with trichomonas vaginalis may be asymptomatic or with symptoms suggestive of vaginitis. because cysteine proteinase 30 (cp30) of t. vaginalis is known to be a virulence marker that plays a role in cytoadherence, the aim of this study was to analyse the presence of cp30 and antibody to cp30 in clinical samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic infected women. cp30 was detected in all the serum and vaginal washes (vws) of symptomatic women and in 65% of the serum and 80% of the vws of asy ... | 2007 | 17576365 |
| rapid antigen testing compares favorably with transcription-mediated amplification assay for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis in young women. | diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection is limited by imperfect testing methods. newer tests, such as rapid antigen and nucleic acid amplification tests, are often compared with culture, which is not widely used but is more sensitive than wet mount. we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of 4 tests for the identification of tv using 3 statistical approaches. | 2007 | 17578778 |
| a novel method to increase the viability of trichomonas vaginalis in urine. | two of the major diagnostic methods for trichomonas vaginalis, wet mount and culture, rely on the continued viability of the organism. methods to increase the viability of t. vaginalis in urine are needed. | 2007 | 17589330 |
| the proteins secreted by trichomonas vaginalis and vaginal epithelial cell response to secreted and episomally expressed ap65. | we showed recently that contact of human vaginal epithelial cells (vecs) by trichomonas vaginalis and incubation with trichomonad proteins in conditioned medium induced expression of vec genes. we performed 2-d sds-page followed by maldi-tof to identify the major secreted proteins. based on protein abundance and separation of spots in 2-d gels, 32 major secreted proteins were examined, which gave 19 proteins with accession numbers. these proteins included known secreted cysteine proteinases. in ... | 2007 | 17590165 |
| candidiasis and trichomoniasis among pregnant women in a rural community in the semi-arid zone, north-eastern nigeria. | to assess the prevalence of trichomoniasis and candidiasis among women resident in biu, a rural community in the semi-arid region of north-eastern nigeria. | 2007 | 17595985 |
| inpouch tv culture for detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis accounts for almost half of all curable sexually transmitted infections and has also been associated with adverse outcomes of pregnancy and increased risk of hiv in women. diagnosis of the condition by direct wet mount examination has a low sensitivity. herein, we describe our experience with inpouch culture system for the detection of t. vaginalis. | 2007 | 17598943 |
| antisense rna decreases ap33 gene expression and cytoadherence by t. vaginalis. | host parasitism by trichomonas vaginalis is complex. adherence to vaginal epithelial cells (vecs) is mediated by surface proteins. we showed before that antisense down-regulation of expression of adhesin ap65 decreased amounts of protein, which lowered levels of t. vaginalis adherence to vecs. we now perform antisense down-regulation of expression of the ap33 gene to evaluate and confirm a role for ap33 in adherence by t. vaginalis. we also used an established transfection system for heterologou ... | 2007 | 17608941 |
| targeted screening for trichomonas vaginalis in women, a ph-based approach. | in the genitourinary medicine clinic setting, the most practical and widely used method of diagnosing trichomonas vaginalis (tv) is direct microscopy of a wet mount preparation (wmp) of a sample taken from the posterior vaginal fornix. we retrospectively reviewed the potential impact of further limiting wmp to women with a vaginal ph > or =4.5. in total, 5/100 women with tv diagnosed on wmp had a recorded vaginal ph <4.5. one case of tv was identified in 1000 consecutive wmps performed in women ... | 2007 | 17609030 |
| frequent douching and clinical outcomes among hiv-infected women. | to determine the prevalence of douching among a cohort of hiv-infected women and to examine clinical outcomes associated with frequent douching-namely bacterial vaginosis, presence of a sexually-transmitted infections, and genital tract hiv-1 rna shedding. | 2007 | 17621248 |
| effect of mexican medicinal plant used to treat trichomoniasis on trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites. | crude methanolic extracts from 22 mexican medicinal plants were screened for antitrichomonal activity against trichomonas vaginalis, which is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis. among the plants tested carica papaya and cocos nucifera showed the best antitrichomonal activity with ic(50) values of 5.6 and 5.8 microg/ml, respectively. the extracts of bocconia frutescens, geranium mexicanum, and lygodium venustum showed moderate activity with ic(50) values ranging from 30.9 to 60.9 microg/ml. ... | 2007 | 17628366 |
| [preparation of monoclonal antibodies against the adhesion protein 33 of trichomonas vaginalis]. | to prepare and characterize the monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) against recombinant adhesion protein 33 (ap33) of trichomonas vaginalis. | 2007 | 17633817 |
| [effect of dihydroartemisinin on the ultrastructure of trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites in vitro]. | to observe the effect of dihydroartemisinin (dha) on the ultrastructure of trichomonas vaginalis cultured in vitro. | 2007 | 17639698 |
| [staining improvement for trichomonas vaginalis specimen]. | by changing/improving the preparation, ratio, concentration and ph value of the staining solution, the cultured specimen of trichomonas vaginalis was better observed. different parts of the parasite are clearly viewed, and the method is simple, prompt and effective for staining and preservation. | 2007 | 17639712 |
| utility of direct fluorescent antibody test for detection of chlamydia trachomatis and its detection in male patients with non gonococcal urethritis in new delhi. | the purpose of this study was assessment of prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis and utility of direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) test for its detection in male patients with non gonococcal urethritis in new delhi, india. thirty male patients with symptoms of dysuria showing polymorphs in their gram stained urethral smears with no evidence of neisseria gonorrhoeae, and negative for trichomonas vaginalis and candida albicans by wet mount were subjected to dfa test for detection of c. trachomatis i ... | 2003 | 17642862 |
| findings associated with recurrence of bacterial vaginosis among adolescents attending sexually transmitted diseases clinics. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common infection and has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including preterm birth, pelvic inflammatory disease (pid), and acquisition of hiv. there are limited data on recurrent bv in adolescents. a relationship between the frequency of bv recurrence and specific risk factors might shed light on the pathophysiology of bv and lead to targeted interventions. | 2007 | 17673134 |
| first molecular characterisation of hydrogenosomes in the protozoan parasite histomonas meleagridis. | histomonas meleagridis is a trichomonad species that undergoes a flagellate-to-amoeba transformation during tissue invasion and causes a serious disease in gallinaceous birds (blackhead disease or histomoniasis). living in the avian cecum, the flagellated form can be grown in vitro in the presence of an ill-defined bacterial flora. its cytoplasm harbours numerous spherical bodies which structurally resemble hydrogenosomes. to test whether these organelles may be involved in anaerobic metabolism, ... | 2008 | 17697679 |
| [investigation of trichomonas vaginalis through different methodologies during pregnancy]. | the aim of this study was to conduct a survey regarding the prevalence of trichomoniasis in pregnant patients and to evaluate the utility of different diagnostic methods. two hundred and twenty three vaginal swab specimens from pregnant women were prospectively examined. trichomonas vaginalis was investigated by various microscopic examinations, solid culture medium and liquid culture medium. the sensitivity and specificity of microscopy were evaluated by considering both culture media as the "g ... | 2007 | 17702256 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: reactive oxygen species mediates caspase-3 dependent apoptosis of human neutrophils. | there are many neutrophils in the vaginal discharge from women infected with trichomonas vaginalis. the aim of our study was to determine whether human neutrophil apoptosis may be regulated by reactive oxygen species (ros) in response to trichomonads infection. incubation of human neutrophils with live trichomonads caused marked receptor shedding of cd16, decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (mmp) and caspase-3 activation in human neutrophils. these proapoptotic effects of t. vaginalis o ... | 2008 | 17709105 |
| entry and intracellular location of mycoplasma hominis in trichomonas vaginalis. | the parasite trichomonas vaginalis causes one of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infections in humans. the coexistence of different sexually transmitted diseases in the same individual is very common, such as vaginal infections by t. vaginalis in association with mycoplasma fermentans or mycoplasma hominis. however, the consequences and behavior of mycoplasma during trichomonad infections are virtually unknown. this study was undertaken to elucidate whether mycoplasmas enter and l ... | 2008 | 17710384 |
| among pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis, the hydrolytic enzymes sialidase and prolidase are positively associated with interleukin-1beta. | the objective of the study was to explore the mechanisms of local innate immunity induction and modulation in pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis (bv). | 2008 | 17714681 |
| [special features of chronic cystitis with leukoplasional changes of a mucous environment women's urinary bladder]. | | 2007 | 17726981 |
| the association between trichomonas vaginalis infection and level of vaginal lactobacilli, in nonpregnant women. | the effect that vaginal lactobacilli have on trichomoniasis is not known. at 3 clinics for treatment of sexually transmitted disease, we recruited 521 female patients with trichomoniasis and 176 control subjects. all participants underwent physical examinations and testing for sexually transmitted infection and completed questionnaires. low levels of vaginal lactobacilli were associated with trichomoniasis (odds ratio [or], 2.2 [95% confidence interval {ci}, 1.4-3.2]). after adjustment for covar ... | 2007 | 17763335 |
| [vulvovaginitis: vaginal ph changes and associated microflora]. | to establish a correlation between ph vaginal and the microflora associated in carriers of vulvovaginites. | 2005 | 17768818 |
| isolation of trichomonas vaginalis with penicillin. | exposure of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal discharge for 60 hours to 5,000-10,000 units of penicillin in 10.0 ml of a medium containing cysteine (0.15 per cent.), peptone, liver infusion, maltose and human serum was adequate to destroy the associated bacteria. seven strains were isolated from seven women without a failure. this technic widens the field of investigation by offering a means of obtaining additional strains of bacteria-free trichomonas vaginalis for comparative study. efforts to i ... | 1945 | 17777364 |
| opportunities for treating sexually transmitted infections and reducing hiv risk in rural south africa. | this paper is a report of a study to determine the aetiological distribution of sexually transmitted infections and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in selected primary health care clinic attendees. | 2007 | 17822425 |
| the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis with the lactobacillus. | | 1942 | 17858026 |
| interval to treatment of sexually transmitted infections in adolescent females. | to describe (1) the treatment interval for adolescent females with chlamydia trachomatis (ct), neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc), or trichomonas vaginalis (tv); (2) the proportion treated in < or =7 days; and (3) factors influencing the treatment interval. | 2007 | 17868893 |
| bacterial colonization in suspected sexually abused children. | previous studies concluded that symptomatic prepubertal children with gardnerella vaginalis infection should be investigated for child sexual abuse. gardnerella vaginalis is only one out of a group of organism that cause bacterial vaginosis. the aim of the study was to report the frequency of bacterial colonization as well as sexually transmitted diseases and to correlate these data with patient characteristics. | 2007 | 17868895 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of novel glucokinases from trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania spp. | glucokinase genes, found in the genome databases of trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania major, were cloned and sequenced. their expression in escherichia coli resulted in the synthesis of soluble and active enzymes, tcglck and lmjglck, with a molecular mass of 43 kda and 46 kda, respectively. the enzymes were purified, and values of their kinetic parameters determined. the k(m) values for glucose were 1.0 mm for tcglck and 3.3 mm for lmjglck. for atp, the k(m) values were 0.36 mm (tcglck) and 0.35 ... | 2007 | 17904661 |
| effect of sexually transmitted disease (std) coinfections on performance of three commercially available immunosorbent assays used for detection of herpes simplex virus type 2-specific antibody in men attending baltimore, maryland, std clinics. | two hundred seventy-nine serum samples from men attending sexually transmitted disease (std) clinics in baltimore, maryland, were tested for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-specific antibody by three immunosorbent glycoprotein g-2-based assays (the kalon, focus, and biokit assays). the results for all samples with positive results were confirmed by western blotting (91/279; 32.6% hsv-2 seroprevalence). all patients were also tested for chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomona ... | 2007 | 17913866 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in hiv-1 infected pregnant women in europe. | we investigated prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) in a cohort of hiv-1-infected pregnant women and described factors associated with sti diagnosis, as a nested study within the european collaborative study (ecs). the ecs is a cohort study in which hiv-infected pregnant women are enrolled and their children followed from birth, according to standard clinical and laboratory protocols. information on stis diagnosed during pregnancy was collected retrospectively from the antenatal ... | 2007 | 17926135 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: in vitro survival in swimming pool water samples. | in this work it is shown that trichomonas vaginalis remains viable and infective in swimming pool water samples for several hours. after survival, trichomonad cytotoxicity was tested on primary cultures of epithelial cells. it demonstrates that the some trichomonad strains are able to survive in water pools and survival time is dependent on the degree of strain infectivity and also if it is a long term cultured or fresh isolate. | 2008 | 17949719 |
| comparative genomics of transcription factors and chromatin proteins in parasitic protists and other eukaryotes. | comparative genomics of parasitic protists and their free-living relatives are profoundly impacting our understanding of the regulatory systems involved in transcription and chromatin dynamics. while some parts of these systems are highly conserved, other parts are rapidly evolving, thereby providing the molecular basis for the variety in the regulatory adaptations of eukaryotes. the gross number of specific transcription factors and chromatin proteins are positively correlated with proteome siz ... | 2008 | 17949725 |
| counteraction during movement of spermatozoa by trichomonas vaginalis observed by visual image analysis: a possible cause of female infertility. | to use new medical imaging technology to predict the motility pattern of trichomonas vaginalis within the vagina. | 2008 | 17953953 |
| application of two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for proteomic analysis of the sexually transmitted parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted protozoan parasite that infects the human urogenital tract causing trichomoniasis, a worldwide disease. in this work, a fresh clinical isolate of t. vaginalis was used for study of the protein expression in this species. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and maldi-tof/tof mass spectrometry (ms) were employed to create a reference map of soluble proteins in the ph range 4-7. a set of 116 proteins belonging to functional classes expressed in ... | 2007 | 17960578 |
| trichomonas vaginalis surface proteins: a view from the genome. | surface proteins of mucosal microbial pathogens play multiple and essential roles in initiating and sustaining the colonization of the heavily defended mucosa. the protist trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common human sexually transmitted pathogens that colonize the urogenital mucosa. however, little is known about its surface proteins. the recently completed draft genome sequence of t. vaginalis provides an invaluable resource to guide molecular and cellular characterization of surface ... | 2007 | 17962075 |
| frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and infectious agents for vaginitis in menstrual cycle phase. | the study objective was to verify differences in the diagnosis of infectious agents and cin in cytological smears in the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle. | 2007 | 17966219 |
| [evaluation of an agglutination method with latex particles sensitised for the diagnosis of vaginal trichomoniasis]. | a latex agglutination method for the detection of vaginal trichomoniasis, designed at the parasitology department of the national center of farming and stockbreeding health (cnsa, in spanish), was evaluated. 240 samples of vaginal exudates from women that visited the microbiology department of "10 de octubre" maternal and children's hospital, were analysed. this method was compared to the conventional direct examination used in the laboratories, taking the culture in diamond medium as an accurat ... | 2005 | 17966583 |
| the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection among reproductive-age women in the united states, 2001-2004. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is a common sexually transmitted protozoal infection and is associated with several adverse health outcomes, such as preterm birth, delivery of a low-birth weight infant, and facilitation of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. the annual incidence in the united states has been estimated to be 3-5 million cases. however, there are no data on the prevalence of trichomoniasis among all reproductive-age women. we estimated the prevalence of t. vaginal ... | 2007 | 17968828 |
| sentinel surveillance of sexually transmitted infections/hiv and risk behaviors in vulnerable populations in 5 central american countries. | in el salvador, guatemala, honduras, nicaragua, and panama, we recruited 2466 female sex workers (fsws) by probabilistic or comprehensive sampling and 1418 men who have sex with men (msm) by convenience sampling to measure sociobehavioral risk and sexually transmitted infections. for msm, hiv seroprevalence ranged from 7.6% in nicaragua to 15.3% in el salvador, and estimated hiv seroincidence per 100 person-years ranged from 2.7 in panama to 14.4 in nicaragua; 61% reported using condoms consiste ... | 2007 | 17972366 |
| recent diagnostic study for the flagellate protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. | the signs and symptoms of trichomonasis vaginalis are not adequately sensitive or specific for diagnosis as up to 50% being asymptomatic. parasitologic diagnosis was usually a must. diagnosis of trichomonasis was traditionally based on demonstration of the parasite in the normal saline wet mounts of vaginal swaps. in this study, 15/167 married women had t. vaginalis. wet mount preparation showed 38.5% sensitivity, 98.7% specificity, 71.4% positive predictive value and 95% negative predictive val ... | 2007 | 17985573 |
| cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) and trichomonas vaginalis infection as revealed by polymerase chain reaction. | the impact of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) on the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) has been increasingly recognized over the last 25 years. the role of bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the focus of several current investigations, not only in the genesis of cin but also in the development of other gynecological and obstetric complications. out of 150 women with vaginitis, 46 were diagnosed as t. vaginalis infection by different methods: wet mount, in-pouch tv culture and ... | 2007 | 17985593 |
| male urethritis with and without discharge: relation to microbiological findings and polymorphonuclear counts. | we studied the relation between the presence or absence of urethral discharge, urethral pathogens, and polymorphonuclear (pmn) counts on gram stained urethral smears in men with symptomatic urethritis. | 2007 | 17992458 |
| reproductive tract infections including sexually transmitted infections: a population-based study of women of reproductive age in a rural district of vietnam. | to investigate the prevalences of reproductive tract infections (rti)/sexually transmitted infections (sti) among married women in a rural district of vietnam, and analyse the influence of socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and other determinants possibly related to rti/sti. | 2008 | 18003708 |
| heavy episodic drinking among kenyan female sex workers is associated with unsafe sex, sexual violence and sexually transmitted infections. | this study examined patterns of alcohol use and its association with unsafe sex and related sequelae among female sex workers in mombasa, kenya. a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using snowball sampling. binge drinkers (> or =5 alcoholic drinks on > or =1 occasion in the previous month) were compared with non-binge drinkers. of 719 participants, 22.4% were lifetime-alcohol abstainers, 44.7% non-binge and 33.0% binge drinkers. compared with non-binge drinkers, binge drinkers w ... | 2007 | 18005511 |
| prevalent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection is associated with altered vaginal flora and an increased susceptibility to multiple sexually transmitted infections. | prevalent herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection increases human immunodeficiency virus acquisition. we hypothesized that hsv-2 infection might also predispose individuals to acquire other common sexually transmitted infections (stis). | 2007 | 18008255 |
| negative iron regulation of the cp65 cysteine proteinase cytotoxicity in trichomonas vaginalis. | several cysteine proteinases (cps) participate in the virulence of trichomonas vaginalis. one of them is a 65kda cp, cp65, involved in cytotoxicity. the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of iron on the trichomonal cp65-dependent cytotoxicity using parasites grown under distinct iron concentrations. cytotoxicity and cell-binding assays, and zymograms were performed. at the highest iron concentration (250 microm), parasites exhibited the lowest levels of cytotoxicity and less cp65 pro ... | 2007 | 18023389 |
| induction of human host cell apoptosis by trichomonas vaginalis cysteine proteases is modulated by parasite exposure to iron. | trichomonas vaginalis is an understudied parasitic organism whose mechanisms of pathogenesis remain unclear. the adherence to host cells, the induction of host cell cytotoxicity and protease activity are all, however, thought to be contributing factors towards the development of the disease. t. vaginalis cp30 is an extracellular fraction containing four cysteine proteases, cp2, cp3, cp4 and cpt that induce apoptosis in primary human vaginal epithelial cells (hvecs) [sommer u, costello ce, hayes ... | 2008 | 18024074 |
| acetate:succinate coa-transferase in the hydrogenosomes of trichomonas vaginalis: identification and characterization. | acetate:succinate coa-transferases (asct) are acetate-producing enzymes in hydrogenosomes, anaerobically functioning mitochondria and in the aerobically functioning mitochondria of trypanosomatids. although acetate is produced in the hydrogenosomes of a number of anaerobic microbial eukaryotes such as trichomonas vaginalis, no acetate producing enzyme has ever been identified in these organelles. acetate production is the last unidentified enzymatic reaction of hydrogenosomal carbohydrate metabo ... | 2008 | 18024431 |
| comparative study of epitopes recognized by two monoclonal antibodies that protects mice against trichomonas vaginalis challenge. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan which infects the urogenital tract of humans. previous studies have demonstrated that monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against a 62 kda proteinase (4d8 and 1a8) decreased cytoadherence of the parasite to epithelial cells in vitro and passive inoculation of mice with two mabs 24 h before the intraperitoneal challenge resulted in different grade of protections to t. vaginalis infection. in the present paper we describe the characterization of the epitop ... | 2008 | 18031741 |
| trichomonas vaginalis harboring mycoplasma hominis increases cytopathogenicity in vitro. | the parasite trichomonas vaginalis causes one of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infections in humans. mycoplasmas are frequently found with trichomonads but the consequences of this association are not yet known. in the present study, the effects of t. vaginalis harboring m. hominis on human vaginal epithelial cells and on mdck cells are described. the results were analyzed by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, as well as using cell viability assays. there was ... | 2008 | 18040730 |
| trichomonas adhere and phagocytose sperm cells: adhesion seems to be a prominent stage during interaction. | tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis are extracellular parasites of the urogenital tract of cattle and humans, respectively. they cause infertility and abortion, but there is no documented information on the susceptibility of bovine sperm cells to this cattle parasite. the aim of this present work was to study the effects provoked by t. foetus and t. vaginalis when in interaction with bovine and human sperm cells. the bovine and human spermatozoa were obtained from uninfected bulls an ... | 2008 | 18043945 |
| a universal combination treatment for vaginitis. | we compared a novel vaginal tablet consisting of 100 mg of clotrimazole and 100 mg of metronidazole ('clo-met') to a 100-mg clotrimazole tablet in the treatment of vaginitis. | 2008 | 18057912 |
| the presence of mycoplasma hominis in isolates of trichomonas vaginalis impacts significantly on dna fingerprinting results. | the genetic characterization of trichomonas vaginalis (protista: trichomonadidae), the causative agent of trichomoniasis in humans, is central to understanding the epidemiology, treatment, drug resistance, and virulence as well as the diagnosis and control of this parasite. various molecular approaches, including dna fingerprinting, have been employed for this purpose, and random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) continues to be utilized. however, little attention has been paid to the fact ... | 2008 | 18058131 |
| carbodithioic acid esters of fluoxetine, a novel class of dual-function spermicides. | carbodithioic acid esters of fluoxetine have been prepared by replacing the methylamino function in aminopropane chain with carbodithioic acid ester group and by adding various s-2-hydroxypropyl ester of dialkyl carbodithioic acid at 3-methylamino group. some of these compounds showed spermicidal, antifungal and anti-trichomonas activities. the study revealed that incorporation of carbodithioic acid residue directly into fluoxetine structure leads to compounds with better antifungal and anti-tri ... | 2008 | 18061311 |
| immunogenic and plasminogen-binding surface-associated alpha-enolase of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protist that causes the most common human sexually transmitted infection. a t. vaginalis cdna expression library was screened with pooled sera from patients with trichomoniasis. a highly reactive cdna clone of 1,428 bp encoded a trichomonad protein of 472 amino acids with sequence identity to alpha-enolase (tv-eno1). the sequence alignment confirmed the highly conserved nature of the enzyme with 65% to 84% identity among organisms. the expression of tv-eno1 was up-regu ... | 2008 | 18070902 |
| prevalence and predictors of sexually transmitted infection among newly incarcerated females. | to examine demographic and behavioral characteristics in incarcerated women to determine which characteristics are associated with prevalent sexually transmitted infections (stis). | 2008 | 18090178 |
| streptomycin, antibiotic isolated from mycelium of streptomyces griseus, active against trichomonas vaginalis, and certain bacteria. | | 1949 | 18112794 |
| an unidentified factor in pancreas essential for the sustained growth of trichomonas vaginalis. | | 1949 | 18146818 |
| antibiotics in treatment of trichomonas vaginalis. | | 1949 | 18147277 |
| characterization of the trichomonas vaginalis surface-associated ap65 and binding domain interacting with trichomonads and host cells. | ap65 is a prominent adhesin of trichomonas vaginalis that mediates binding of parasites to host vaginal epithelial cells (vecs). ap65 with no secretion signal sequence, membrane targeting peptide, and anchoring motif was recently found to be secreted. | 2007 | 18158858 |
| the laboratory diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoa that causes the sexually transmitted infection trichomoniasis, is the sexually transmitted infection with the largest annual incidence, exceeding 170 million cases per year. the disease can be difficult to diagnose due to its heterogeneous presentation and problems with diagnostic testing. all diagnostic tests are fraught with imperfections, but the old, reliable wet mount examination (in trained hands), and the newer inpouch method may be advantageous ... | 2005 | 18159526 |
| screening for sexually transmitted infection pathogens in semen samples. | the transmission of sexually transmitted infection (sti) pathogens from an infected donor to the recipient of a semen donation in assisted conception may result not only in acute infection but also in long-term reproductive complications or adverse outcomes of pregnancy, including infection of the offspring. screening for bacterial sti pathogens, chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae is strongly recommended because these pathogens can cause serious reproductive complications in the rec ... | 2005 | 18159531 |
| prolonged vaginal and oral metronidazole for refractory trichomonas vaginalis: a case report. | resistant trichomonas vaginalis infection is typically treated with increased doses of oral metronidazole. because of side effects that limit compliance, such treatment may be ineffective. | 2007 | 18161407 |
| significance of a diagnosis of microorganisms on pap smear. | the pap smear has been in use for more than half a century as the primary screening test for preinvasive and invasive lesions of the uterine cervix. although not the primary use and an imperfect test, it can be extremely useful in the diagnosis of some microorganisms. this review focuses on the use of the pap smear in the diagnosis of several microorganisms including actinomyces, chlamydia trachomatis, candida, trichomonas vaginalis, leptothrix vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, the causative agen ... | 2008 | 18162813 |
| a molecular analysis of prokaryotic and viral dna sequences in prostate tissue from patients with prostate cancer indicates the presence of multiple and diverse microorganisms. | inflammation, both acute and chronic, is a common feature of prostate histology. while inflammation has been proposed to play an important role in both benign and malignant growth of the prostate, the stimuli for this inflammation remain poorly characterized. infectious pathogens are potential stimuli for prostatic inflammation. | 2008 | 18163428 |
| prevalence, correlates, and efficacy of selective avoidance as a sexually transmitted disease prevention strategy among african american adolescent females. | to identify the prevalence and correlates of selective avoidance (sa) of sexual intercourse among african american adolescent females at risk for sexually transmitted disease (std) acquisition and transmission. | 2008 | 18180414 |