| a comparative study of coi and 16 s rrna genes for dna barcoding of cultivable carps in india. | the 5' region of the mitochondrial dna gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit i (coi) is the standard marker for dna barcoding. however, 16 s rrna has also been advocated for dna barcoding in many animal species. herein, we directly compare the usefulness of coi and 16 s rrna in discriminating six cultivable carp species: labeo rohita, catla catla, cirrhinus mrigala, labeo fimbriatus, labeo bata and cirrhinus reba from india. analysis of partial sequences of these two gene fragments from 171 individu ... | 2015 | 24047160 |
| characterization and physical mapping of 18s and 5s ribosomal genes in indian major carps (pisces, cyprinidae). | characterization of the major (18s) and minor (5s) ribosomal rna genes were carried out in three commercially important indian major carp (imc) species, viz. catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala along with their physical localizations using dual colour fluorescence in situ hybridization. the diploid chromosome number in the above carps was confirmed to be 50 with inter-species karyo-morphological variations. the 18s rdna signals were observed on 3 pair of chromosomes in c. catla and l ... | 2013 | 23587674 |
| production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against putative t lymphocytes of catla catla. | catla catla is the fastest growing indian major carp and one of the major aquaculture species in south asia. a monoclonal antibody (mab) designated b8 mab was produced against nylon wool-enriched thymus mononuclear cells of c. catla. this mab did not show reactivity with macrophage and epithelial cell lines derived from catla thymus in cellular elisa. in flow cytometric analysis of gated lymphocytes, the percentage of b8 positive (b8+) cells in thymus (n = 10, 500-600 g) was determined to be 77. ... | 2012 | 22832892 |
| alteration in haematological and biochemical parameters of catla catla exposed to sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin. | a 60-day experiment was carried out to study the effect of sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin (1/10th of lc(50)) exposure on haematological and biochemical parameters of the indian major carp, catla catla fingerlings. under exposure, the total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, haemoglobin content and haematocrit were decreased. all the studied serum parameters viz. total serum protein, albumin, globulin contents and albumin-globulin ratio were significantly decreased in cypermethri ... | 2012 | 22580924 |
| influence of altered photoperiods on serum melatonin and its receptors (mt1 and mt2) in the brain, retina, and ovary in carp catla catla. | daily variation in melatonin receptor (mt1 and mt2) density in three specific tissues-brain, retina, and ovary-and its temporal relationship with serum melatonin were evaluated for the first time in a freshwater teleost, the carp catla catla, under natural as well as altered photoperiods in different reproductive phases of the annual cycle. cosinor analysis was used to determine rhythmic features of the serum melatonin and receptors (mt1 and mt2) in different tissues. in each photoperiodic group ... | 2012 | 22324556 |
| neural regulation of dark-induced abundance of arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (aanat) and melatonin in the carp (catla catla) pineal: an in vitro study. | in all the vertebrates, synthesis of melatonin and its rhythm-generating enzyme arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (aanat) reaches its peak in the pineal during the night in a daily light-dark cycle, but the role of different neuronal signals in their regulation were unknown for any fish. hence, the authors used specific agonist and antagonists of receptors for different neuronal signals and regulators of intracellular calcium (ca(2+)) and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (camp) in vitro to ... | 2011 | 21777116 |
| hematological, biochemical and ionoregulatory responses of indian major carp catla catla during chronic sublethal exposure to inorganic arsenic. | in the present study the acute toxicity of arsenic trioxide in fingerlings of catla catla an indian major carp was evaluated with renewal bioassay method. the median lethal concentration of arsenic trioxide to the fish c. catla for 96 h was found to be 20.41 ppm (with 95% confidence limits). from this a non-lethal dose of (2.041 ppm; 1/10th of lc 50 96 value) was selected and fingerlings were exposed to 35 d and hematological, biochemical and ionoregulatory responses were studied at days 7, 14, ... | 2011 | 21094981 |
| lipid classes and fatty acid profile of selected indian fresh water fishes. | lipid extracts from meat, head and viscera of indian fresh water fishes, viz., catla, rohu, mrigal, common carp and tilapia were analyzed for lipid class distribution and fatty acid profile. the yield of meat ranged from 66.0-79.5% and total lipid content in meat was 0.8-3.8%. the total lipid content was higher (>4.0%) in head and viscera. neutral lipids constituted 71.5-93.3% of the total lipid extract. higher glycolipid content of 25.2% was observed in lipid extract from meat of common carp an ... | 2010 | 23572659 |
| toxicological effects of arsenate exposure on hematological, biochemical and liver transaminases activity in an indian major carp, catla catla. | the impact of acute and sublethal toxicity of arsenate on hematological, biochemical and enzymological parameters of an indian major carp catla catla were estimated. the median lethal concentration of sodium arsenate to the fish catla catla for 96h was found to be 43.78 mg/l. during acute treatment (43.78 mg/l), hemoglobin (hb), hematocrit (ht), red blood cell count (rbc), white blood cell count (wbc), plasma glucose, plasma protein, liver aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (ast and alt) lev ... | 2010 | 20654677 |
| importance of light in temporal organization of photoreceptor proteins and melatonin-producing system in the pineal of carp catla catla. | the importance of light in the temporal organization of photoreceptor proteins and melatonin-producing system has been investigated for the first time in the pineal of a tropical fish. in this study, an identical experimental paradigm was followed during the four distinct phases of an annual cycle in adult carps (catla catla) maintained either under natural photoperiod (np) or continuous illumination (ll) or darkness (dd) for 30 days. at the end of each experiment, the pineal from fish in each e ... | 2010 | 20524796 |
| neuronal regulation of photo-induced pineal photoreceptor proteins in carp catla catla. | in the present in vitro study on the pineal in carp catla catla, specific agonist and antagonists of receptors for different neuronal signals and regulators of intra-cellular ca(++) and camp were used to gather basic information on the neuronal signal transduction cascade mechanisms in the photo-induced expression of rod-like opsin and alpha-transducin-like proteins in any fish pineal. western-blot analysis followed by quantitative analysis of respective immunoblot data for both the proteins rev ... | 2010 | 20524962 |
| histological and scanning electron microscopical study of the olfactory epithelium of the indian major carp, catla catla (hamilton). | the histological and micro-architecture of different cells lining the olfactory epithelium in catla catla (hamilton) have been studied by means of light and scanning electron microscopes. the oval olfactory rosette of the fish consists of a rosette of 30 to 32 primary lamellae. each lamella is provided with restricted area of sensory epithelium in the middle region while the apical and basal part of the lamella consists of non-sensory epithelium. the non-sensory epithelium is made up of patches ... | 2010 | 20235046 |
| impact of uv-b radiation on the digestive enzymes and immune system of larvae of indian major carp catla catla. | ultraviolet radiation is a potent threat to the aquatic animals. exposure to such stressor affects metabolic and immunological processes. the present investigation aims to study the effect of uv-b radiation on digestive enzymes and immunity of larvae of catla catla. | 2010 | 20201646 |
| photoreceptor proteins and melatonin rhythm generating aanat in the carp pineal: temporal organization and correlation with natural photo-thermal cues. | we studied temporal organization of both the photoreceptor (rod-like opsin, alpha subunit of the g protein transducin or alpha-td) and melatonin generating (aanat) proteins in the same pineal of a tropical surface dwelling free-living carp catla catla, and analyzed possible correlation between them as well as with natural photo-thermal variables in an annual cycle. the pineal from individual fish was collected at four different time points (06.00 h, 12.00 h, 18.00 h, and 24.00 h) in a 24.00 h cy ... | 2010 | 20185327 |
| genetic variation of wild and hatchery populations of the catla indian major carp (catla catla hamilton 1822: cypriniformes, cyprinidae) revealed by rapd markers. | genetic variation is a key component for improving a stock through selective breeding programs. randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers were used to assess genetic variation in three wild population of the catla carp (catla catla hamilton 1822) in the halda, jamuna and padma rivers and one hatchery population in bangladesh. five decamer random primers were used to amplify rapd markers from 30 fish from each population. thirty of the 55 scorable bands were polymorphic, indicating some d ... | 2009 | 21637668 |
| localization and dynamics of mel(1a) melatonin receptor in the ovary of carp catla catla in relation to serum melatonin levels. | we studied the localization, sub-cellular distribution and daily rhythms of a 37 kda melatonin receptor (mel(1a)r) in the ovary to assess its temporal relationship with the serum melatonin levels in four different reproductive phases in carp catla catla. our immunocytochemical study accompanied by western blot analysis of mel(1a)r in the ovary revealed that the expression of this 37-kda protein was greater in the membrane fraction than in the cytosol. ovarian mel(1a)r protein peaked at midnight ... | 2009 | 19068233 |
| haemato-biochemical responses and induction of hsp70 to dietary phosphorus in catla catla (hamilton) fingerlings. | a feeding trial of 120 days was conducted to study the effect of graded levels of dietary phosphorus on haematology, serum protein concentrations and hsp70 expression in fingerlings of the indian major carp, catla (catla catla). eight isonitrogenous and isoenergetic purified diets were formulated to contain graded levels of dietary phosphorus (dp), i.e., t(1), 0.1%; t(2), 0.3%; t(3), 0.5%; t(4), 0.7%; t(5), 0.9%; t(6), 1.1%; t(7), 1.3%; or t(8), 1.5%. four hundred and eighty fish (average weight ... | 2008 | 18958586 |
| influence of serotonin on the action of melatonin in mih-induced meiotic resumption in the oocytes of carp catla catla. | the influences of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) on the action of melatonin (n-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) in mih (maturation inducing hormone)-induced meiotic resumption were evaluated in the oocytes of carp catla catla using an in vitro model. oocytes from gravid female carp were isolated and incubated separately in medium 199 containing either (a) only melatonin (mel; 100 pg/ml), or (b) only serotonin (ser; 100 pg/ml), or (c) only mih (1 microg/ml), or (d) mel and mih (e) or mel (4 h before) ... | 2008 | 18455941 |
| protein hydrolysate from visceral waste proteins of catla (catla catla): optimization of hydrolysis conditions for a commercial neutral protease. | protein hydrolysate was prepared from visceral waste proteins of an indian freshwater major carp, catla catla. hydrolysis conditions (viz., time, temperature and enzyme to substrate level) for preparing protein hydrolysates from the fish visceral waste proteins using in situ ph of the visceral mass were optimized by response surface methodology (rsm) by employing a factorial design. the regression coefficient close to 1.0, observed during both experimental and validation runs, indicated the vali ... | 2008 | 17933524 |
| melatonin in the regulation of annual testicular events in carp catla catla: evidence from the studies on the effects of exogenous melatonin, continuous light, and continuous darkness. | the physiological significance of melatonin in the regulation of annual testicular events in a major carp catla catla was evaluated through studies on the effects of graded dose (25, 50, or 100 microg/100 g body wt.) of melatonin exogenously administered for different durations (1, 15, or 30 days) and manipulation of the endogenous melatonin system by exposing the fish to constant darkness (dd) or constant light (ll) for 30 days. an identical experimental schedule was followed during the prepara ... | 2007 | 17701677 |
| optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of visceral waste proteins of catla (catla catla) for preparing protein hydrolysate using a commercial protease. | protein hydrolysate was prepared from visceral waste proteins of catla (catla catla), an indian freshwater major carp. hydrolysis conditions (viz., time, temperature, ph and enzyme to substrate level) for preparing protein hydrolysates from the fish visceral waste proteins were optimized by response surface methodology (rsm) using a factorial design. model equation was proposed with regard to the effect of time, temperature, ph and enzyme to substrate level. an enzyme to substrate level of 1.5% ... | 2008 | 17303414 |
| digestive enzyme patterns and evaluation of protease classes in catla catla (family: cyprinidae) during early developmental stages. | digestive enzymes of catla catla were studied during ontogenic development. specific amylase activity was 0.12+/-0.01 mg maltose mg protein(-1) h(-1) in fish 4 days after hatching (dah) and reached a maximum on (0.41+/-0.12 mg maltose mg protein(-1) h(-1)) 34 dah. total protease activity was minimum (123.2+/-16.5 mu mg protein(-1) min(-1)) on day-8 and reached its highest level (2713+/-147.2 mu mg protein(-1) min(-1)) on day-32. trypsin activity showed constant increasing trend from day-16 onwar ... | 2005 | 16048739 |
| importance of photoperiods in the regulation of ovarian activities in indian major carp catla catla in an annual cycle. | the present study attempted for the first time to explore the importance of photoperiod in the regulation of seasonal ovarian functions in any subtropical major carp. adult indian major carp catla catla were transferred to a long photoperiod (lp; ld 16:8) or a short photoperiod (sp; ld 8:16) for 30 days on 4 dates corresponding to the beginnings of 4 reproductive phases in an annual cycle, and responsiveness of the ovary was evaluated by comparison with the gonadal weight (i(g)), relative number ... | 2005 | 15834111 |
| implication of melatonin in oocyte maturation in indian major carp catla catla. | importance of melatonin (n-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) in the regulation of oocyte maturation has been studied in a carp catla catla. melatonin secretory cells were immunocytochemically localized only in the end vesicle. diurnal and seasonal studies indicated that the serum levels of melatonin exhibit a minimum diurnal value in the mid-day of all seasons, but the peak value is attained either at mid-night or just before the onset of light. moreover, highest seasonal value of melatonin was noted ... | 2005 | 20035459 |
| growth and development of catla (catla catla) fed with different levels of diet containing spirogyra sp. | the effect of spirogyra sp. incorporated into diet formulations on the growth and body composition of indian major carp, catla (catla catla) was investigated in a 45 days feeding trial. spirogyra dry powder was mixed with different feed ingredients in different amounts (0%, 10%, 25%, 37% and 40% of the total feed). carps fed with spirogyra demonstrated higher feed conversion ratio. the study also revealed a direct relationship between the amount of spirogyra in the diet, and muscle protein and f ... | 2004 | 15207298 |
| the structure of the pineal complex in a common indian teleost, catla catla: evidence for pineal-induced inhibition of testicular function within an annual reproductive cycle. | the structure of the pineal complex and the annual reproductive cycle in a major indian carp, catla catla, were investigated in the present study. additionally, given the well-known inhibitory effects of the pineal on reproductive function in mammals, attempts were made to investigate whether or not the pineal exerts an inhibitory influence on reproductive function in this piscine species as well. sexually adult animals were utilized in all experiments. the cytomorphology of the pineal complex a ... | 2003 | 12856801 |
| impact of cadmium on food utilization of the indian major carp, catla catla (ham). | catla catla, under the sublethal stress of cadmium exhibited depletion in food utilization parameters and it was concentration dependent. heavy metal intoxication was found to exhibit reduction in biomass. | 2002 | 12602860 |
| the toxicity of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate to the fish, catla catla (hamilton). | the acute toxicity of unionized ammonia; nitrite and nitrate to the indian major carp catla catla (hamilton) was determined using static and continuous flow through systems for 24 hours. the median lethal concentration (lc50) values for 24 h of ammonia (nh3-n), nitrite (no2-n) and nitrate (no3-n) were 0.045 mg/l, 120.84 mg/l and 1565.43 mg/l in static test respectively and were 0.036 mg/l, 117.43 mg/l and 1484.08 mg/l in continuous flow through test respectively. | 2002 | 12602850 |
| glycosylated molecular variants of c-reactive proteins from the major carp catla catla in fresh and polluted aquatic environments. | elevated level of pollutant specific glycosylated molecular variants of c-reactive protein have been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the sera of major carp, catla catla confined in freshwater (crp(n)) and water polluted with nonlethal doses of cadmium (crp(cd)), mercury (crp(hg)), phenol (crp(ph)) and hexachlorocyclohexane (crp(hex)). these crps differ amongst themselves in electrophoretic mobility, and in their carbohydrate content ranging from 20-50%. crps interact with pneumococc ... | 2001 | 12151716 |
| effect of environmental pollutants on the c-reactive protein of a freshwater major carp, catla catla. | c-reactive proteins (crp) have been affinity purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the sera of major carp, catla catla before and after exposure to environmental pollutants. exposure to these pollutants elevate the levels of circulating crps to 2.8-3.5 times the normal values. kinetic studies of metal intoxication indicate that a unique molecular variant of crp is present in the serum at the peak level of acute phase induction, and this variant coexists with normal crps. carbohydrate anal ... | 2013 | 9877434 |
| structural order of membranes and composition of phospholipids in fish brain cells during thermal acclimatization. | a comparison of the structural orders of membranes of a mixed brain-cell population isolated from cyprinus carpio l. acclimated to either summer (23-25 degrees c) or winter (5 degrees c) revealed a high degree of compensation (80%) for temperature, as assayed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. the cells rapidly forget their thermal history and adjust the physical properties of the membranes when shifted to the other extreme of temperature either in vivo or in vitro. phospholipids separated ... | 1994 | 8058786 |
| homologous radioimmunoassay and radioreceptorassay of gonadotropic hormone for an indian carp catla catla. | a homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for indian carp (c. catla) gonadotropin (gth) was developed by using purified catla gth and its specific antiserum. in ouchterlony agar diffusion, antisera raised against purified catla gth (cgth), showed clear crossreaction. catla-anti gth (anti-cgth) did not cross-reacted with catla tsh enriched fraction. immunocrossreaction was further confirmed with competitive binding inhibition studies where displacement of radiolabelled cgth was precisely linear against ... | 1989 | 10766567 |
| characterization and distribution of neutral and acidic mucins in the alimentary canal of an indian freshwater major carp, catla catla (hamilton) by histochemical methods. | the distribution and chemical nature of acid and neutral mucins in the various regions of the alimentary canal of catla catla (ham.) have been studied. both acid (sulfated and non-sulfated) and neutral mucins have been found to occur as a mosaic of complex substances in the different mucous cell types (secretory and non-secretory--both mature and immature) in the various regions of the alimentary canal (buccopharynx, oesophagus, intestine, and rectum). acid mucin (both sulfated and non-sulfated) ... | 1982 | 7106537 |
| ammonia toxicity: metabolic disorder in nine freshwater teleosts. | an inverse relationship was recorded between the concentration of ammonium chloride (5, 10, 15, and 20 ppm) and the fall in ph and dissolved oxygen of water; with ammoniacal nitrogen and carbon dioxide the relationship was reversed. the effect of various concentrations of ammonium chloride (5, 10, 15, and 20 ppm) on tissue glycogen, serum glucose and lactate level was studied in 9 freshwater teleosts from a tropical environment. the fall in tissue (liver, muscle, and brain) glycogen was inversel ... | 1980 | 7444973 |
| thiodon toxicity: non-specific phosphomonoesterases in nine freshwater teleosts. | the effect of various concentrations of thiodon on tissue non-specific phosphomonoesterases was studied in 9 edible freshwater teleosts from a tropical environment. sublethal doses (5 and 10 ppm) of thiodon increased alkaline phosphatase in liver, muscle, kidney and brain, while lethal doses (15 and 20 ppm) decreased it. the reverse was the case with acid phosphatase. the greatest changes were recorded in kidney and liver. the increase in the activity of acid phosphatase after lethal doses might ... | 1980 | 7444972 |
| cytochemical differentiation of tonic (slow) and phasic (fast) muscle units in the ocular muscles of a fresh-water carp, catla catla (ham.). | 1. functional morphology of the ocular muscles with special reference to their topography, innervation and action have been studied in a fresh-water carp catla catla. an attempt has also been made to differentiate tonic (slow) and phasic (fast) muscle units in the various ocular muscles by their sdh activities and their lipid contents. 2. catla catla has large eyes (2 cm in diameter) in a fish measuring 30 cms. there are four recti (inferior, superior, anterior and posterior) and two obliquii (s ... | 1979 | 516855 |
| on the origin, development and probable functions of taste buds in the bucco-pharyngeal epithelium of a freshwater major carp, catla catla (hamilton). | | 1974 | 4466140 |
| ascorbic acid and fat content in the red and white muscles of carp, catla catla. | | 1972 | 4662579 |
| age-related trends in the blood chemistry and hematology of the indian carp (catla catla). | | 2007 | 14275631 |
| a radioimmunoassay for n-terminal peptide of chum salmon proopiocortin. | a highly specific radioimmunoassay was developed for n-terminal peptide of salmonid proopiocortin using a guinea pig antiserum to the chum salmon peptide (snpp 1). since snpp i has no tyrosine residue nor free n-terminal amino group, a mixture of minor components of snpp 1, which have extensions of h-val-lysgly- and h-lys-gly- at the n-terminus, were iodinated by the lactoperoxidase method after incorporation of 3-(phydroxyphenyl)-propionate to the terminal amino groups. plasma and pituitary ext ... | 1987 | 24233334 |
| bioaccumulative characteristics of tetrabromobisphenol a and hexabromocyclododecanes in multi-tissues of prey and predator fish from an e-waste site, south china. | tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) and hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcds) were analyzed in 12 tissues of prey (mud carp) and predator (northern snakehead) fish from an e-waste area, south china. the tbbpa concentrations in different tissues ranged from 0.03 to 2.85 ng/g wet weight (ww) in mud carp and 0.04 to 1.30 ng/g ww in northern snakehead. the concentrations of hbcds ranged from 0.07 to 96.9 ng/g ww in mud carp and 0.18 to 240 ng/g ww in northern snakehead. hbcd levels in tissues were correlated wi ... | 2015 | 25874430 |
| [polychlorinated biphenyls and their methylsulfonyl metabolites in fish from an electronic waste recycling site in south china: tissue distribution and human dietary exposure]. | in the present study, we determined polychlorinated biphenyls and their methylsulfonyl metabolites (meso2-pcbs) in the tissues of two fish species-mud carp and northern snakehead-from a natural pond in an electronic waste recycling site in the pearl river delta, southern china. the mean concentrations of pcbs (σ pcbs )varied from 560 to 10 462 ng x g(-1) wet weight, and from 580 to 50 492 ng x g(-1) wet weight in the tissues of mud carp and northern snakehead, respectively, with the highest leve ... | 2014 | 25826938 |
| species-specific bioaccumulation of halogenated organic pollutants and their metabolites in fish serum from an e-waste site, south china. | halogenated organic pollutants (hops)-including organochlorine pesticides (ocps), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polybrominated diphenylethers (pbdes), polybromobiphenyls (pbbs), dechlorane plus (dp), tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa), and hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcds) as well as pcb metabolites (methylsulfone [meso2-]) and hydroxylated (oh-) pcbs and oh-pbdes-were determined in the serum of mud carp and northern snakehead from an electronic-waste (e-waste) site in south china. the average conc ... | 2014 | 24859045 |
| risk assessment of trace elements in cultured freshwater fishes from jiangxi province, china. | the levels of trace elements (as, cd, cr, cu, fe, ni, pb, se, and zn) in eight species of cultured freshwater fishes from jiangxi province were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy. all the studied trace element levels in fish muscles from jiangxi province did not exceed chinese national standard and european union standard, and they were often lower than previous studies. the calculated target hazard quotient values for all the studied trace elements in fish samples were m ... | 2014 | 24258771 |
| using compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis to trace metabolism and trophic transfer of pcbs and pbdes in fish from an e-waste site, south china. | two fish species (mud carp and northern snakehead) forming a predator/prey relationship and sediment samples were collected from a pond contaminated by e-waste. the concentrations and stable carbon isotope ratios (δ(13)c) of individual polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) congeners were measured to determine if compound-specific carbon isotope analysis (csia) could be used to provide insight into the metabolism and trophic dynamics of pcbs and pbdes. significan ... | 2013 | 23560888 |
| sex-dependent accumulation and maternal transfer of dechlorane plus flame retardant in fish from an electronic waste recycling site in south china. | knowledge is limited on sex-related accumulation and maternal transfer of dechlorane plus (dp) flame retardant in wildlife. in the present study, dp isomers were examined in liver and eggs of two fish species, northern snakehead and crucian carp, from an electronic waste recycling site in china. hepatic ∑dp (sum of syn- and anti-dp) concentrations ranged 260-1920 ng/g lipid in northern snakehead and 340-1670 ng/g in crucian carp, with significantly higher levels in males relative to females. ∑dp ... | 2013 | 23500052 |
| methylsulfonyl polychlorinated biphenyls in fish from an electronic waste-recycling site in south china: levels, congener profiles, and chiral signatures. | great concerns have been raised about the fate and effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and other organic contaminants contained in electronic waste (e-waste) exported from industrialized countries at midlatitudes to subtropical and tropical regions. information on the metabolites of these chemicals, for example, methylsulfonyl-pcbs (meso(2)-pcbs) in wildlife from the later regions is scarce. in the present study, 17 meso(2)-pcbs, including five chiral congeners, were detected in the musc ... | 2012 | 22927054 |
| biota-sediment accumulation factors for dechlorane plus in bottom fish from an electronic waste recycling site, south china. | biota-sediment accumulation factors (bsafs) for dechlorane plus (dp), a highly chlorinated flame retardant, were determined in three bottom fish species, i.e., crucian carp, mud carp, and northern snakehead from an electronic waste recycling site in south china. the average bsafs are 0.007, 0.01, and 0.06 for syn-dp, and 0.003, 0.025, and 0.001 for anti-dp in crucian carp, mud carp, and northern snakehead, respectively, suggesting low bioaccumulation potential of dp isomers in these fish. howeve ... | 2011 | 21705082 |
| hepatic 5'-monodeiodinase activity in teleosts in vitro: a survey of thirty-three species. | the in vitro hepatic 5'-monodeiodination of thyroxine (t4) to triiodothyronine (t3) in oreochromis mossambicus, channa striata, clarias batrachus, cyprinus carpio and oxyeleotris marmorata was found to be time, ph and temperature dependent, and related to the amount of substrate (t4) and homogenate introduced into the reaction vessel, in a manner which was consistent with menton-michaelis kinetics, and thus indicative of an enzyme-regulated process. dithiothreitol introduced into the reaction ve ... | 1990 | 24221892 |
| [bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals in three gorges reservoir and effect of biological factors]. | three gorges reservoir (tgr) reached the maximum water level (175 m) of impoundment in oct. 2010. in order to reveal the potential influence of the greatest water-level impoundment on the heavy metal pollution in the typical waters of tgr, the content level of trace metals ( hg, cd and pb) in biota and potential biomagnification along the aquatic food chain were investigated in the main stem of tgr from july 2011 to august 2012, as well as the relationship between the trace metal concentrations ... | 2016 | 27078974 |
| dna adduct detection: some applications in monitoring exposure to environmental genotoxic chemicals. | in the assessment of genotoxic risk factors in the environment, the measurement of dna adducts in aquatic organisms and in plants may have considerable implications. using 32p-postlabelling, we have detected dna adducts in the liver of carp (chondrostoma nasus) from the river rhône (france), both downstream and upstream from a polychlorinated biphenyl incineration plant. some of the dna adducts were specific to downstream fish, suggesting a differential pattern of exposure. we have also detected ... | 1993 | 8225509 |
| proteomic changes in the brain of the western painted turtle (chrysemys picta bellii) during exposure to anoxia. | during anoxia, overall protein synthesis is almost undetectable in the brain of the western painted turtle. the aim of this investigation was to address the question of whether there are alterations to specific proteins by comparing the normoxic and anoxic brain proteomes. reductions in creatine kinase, hexokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate kinase reflected the reduced production of adenosine triphosphate (atp) during anoxia while the reduction in transitional endopl ... | 2015 | 25583675 |
| lernaea cyprinacea infection in a new host puntius pulchellus in intensive culture system and its control by doramectin. | the present study explored the susceptibility of puntius pulchellus subadults to lernaea cyprinacea infection subsequent upon their first introduction to an intensive culture system that had a previous history of lernaea infection and evaluated the efficacy of doramectin against the parasite. all the p. pulchellus introduced to the culture pond got infected demonstrating 100 % susceptibility of this species to lernaea infection. pathological changes caused by the parasite as evidenced by the ext ... | 2017 | 28316399 |
| description of a new species of myxobolus butschli, 1882 from the cirrhinus mrigala hamilton, 1822 an edible fish of india. | myxobolus bütschli 1882 is an important group of parasitic protozoa infecting a large number of freshwater fish species worldwide. the severity of myxobolus infection leads to heavy loss in production of fishes. during the survey of the fish parasites, a new species of the genus myxobolus have been isolated from the gills of a freshwater edible fish cirrhinus mrigala hamilton, 1822 from canning, south 24 parganas, west bengal, india which has been described here. | 2015 | 26345052 |
| the phylogenetic position of myxoboluscarnaticus (myxozoa, myxosporea, bivalvulida) infecting gill lamellae of cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton, 1822) based on 18s rrna sequence analysis. | myxozoans are an economically important group of microscopic parasites best known for the diseases they cause in commercially important fish hosts. the classification of myxosporeans is generally based on the morphology of their myxospores. without molecular data, it is very difficult to identify new or existing species. dna sequence information is therefore, a prerequisite to taxonomic and phylogenic studies of myxosporeans. in the present study, a myxozoan parasite, myxobolus carnaticus, infec ... | 2015 | 27844004 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of henneguya bicaudi n. sp. (myxosporea: myxobolidae) infecting gills of cirrhinus mrigala (ham.) in harike wetland, punjab (india). | in the present study, henneguya bicaudi n. sp. infecting gills of cirrhinus mrigala (ham.) an indian major carp from harike wetland in punjab, india, has been described on the basis of myxospore morphology and partial amplification of the ssu rrna gene. the pseudocysts of h. bicaudi n. sp. were located within the gill filament, whitish with round to irregular outer margin and 0.5-0.7 mm in diameter, 3-4 pseudocysts each containing about 50-100 myxospores were detected per gill. mature myxospores ... | 2015 | 26239799 |
| barcoding of fresh water fishes from pakistan. | dna bar-coding is a taxonomic method that uses small genetic markers in organisms' mitochondrial dna (mt dna) for identification of particular species. it uses sequence diversity in a 658-base pair fragment near the 5' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (co1) gene as a tool for species identification. dna barcoding is more accurate and reliable method as compared with the morphological identification. it is equally useful in juveniles as well as adult stages of fishes. the p ... | 2016 | 25980661 |
| genetic differentiation in indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton, 1822) from indian rivers, as revealed by direct sequencing analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b region. | a 307 bp segment of cytochrome b gene of mtdna was sequenced and analyzed for 90 individuals of cirrhinus mrigala collected across the three rivers, namely ganges, narmada and brahmaputra. analyses revealed the presence of 14 haplotypes with haplotype diversity (h) ranging from 0.304 to 0.692, and nucleotide diversity (π) 0.002-0.043. the majority of variation was found within the population (96.21%), and the fst value (0.035) as well as the value of exact test of population differentiation (0.8 ... | 2015 | 25909754 |
| trypsin from the digestive system of carp cirrhinus mrigala: purification, characterization and its potential application. | trypsin was purified 35.64-fold with 4.97% recovery from the viscera of carp cirrhinus mrigala (mrigal) by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange and affinity chromatography. the purified enzyme was active at a wide range of ph (7.0-9.2) and temperature (10-50°c). the purified enzyme exhibited high thermal stability up to 50°c for 1h. the enzyme activity was stabilized by ca(+2) (2mm) up to 7h at 40°c. the km and kcat values of purified enzyme were 0.0672 mm and 92.09/s/mm, respectively. s ... | 2015 | 25577096 |
| molecular phylogeny of myxobolus orissae (myxosporea: myxobolidae) infecting the gill lamellae of mrigal carp cirrhinus mrigala (actinopterygii: cyprinidae). | myxosporeans are best known for the diseases they cause in commercially important fish species. identification of myxosporeans at the species-level is mainly based on conventional methods. the 18s rrna gene sequence of morphologically identified myxobolus orissae infecting the gill lamellae of mrigal carp cirrhinus mrigala was characterized in the present study. the plasmodia of m.orissae were small, elongated and white to pale in colour. phylogenetically, the 18s rdna nucleotide sequence of m.o ... | 2015 | 27843992 |
| toxicological effects of clofibric acid and diclofenac on plasma thyroid hormones of an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala during short and long-term exposures. | in the present investigation, the toxicity of most commonly detected pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment namely clofibric acid (ca) and diclofenac (dcf) was investigated in an indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala. fingerlings of c. mrigala were exposed to different concentrations (1, 10 and 100μgl(-1)) of ca and dcf for a period of 96h (short term) and 35 days (long term). the toxic effects of ca and dcf on thyroid hormones (ths) such as thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh), thyroxine (t4) an ... | 2014 | 25461555 |
| molecular characterization of myxobolus cuttacki (myxozoa, myxosporea, bivalvulida) infecting gill lamellae of minor carp labeo bata (ham.). | as new pathogenic strains are emerging and threatening aquaculture development, myxosporeans (myxozoa) are receiving much attention in recent years. myxosporean taxonomy is traditionally based on morphology of the myxospore stage. molecular data on indian myxosporeans are rare. in this report, the 18s rrna gene sequence of myxobolus cuttacki infecting gill lamellae of minor carp labeo bata (ham.) and its phylogenetic relationship with other myxobolids are described for the first time. the plasmo ... | 2014 | 27843987 |
| a new growth curve model for biological growth: some inferential studies on the growth of cirrhinus mrigala. | growth of living organisms is a fundamental biological process. it depicts the physiological development of the species related to the environment. mathematical development of growth curve models has a long history since its birth. we propose a mathematical model to describe the evolution of relative growth rate as a function of time based on a real life experiment on a major indian carp cirrhinus mrigala. we establish that the proposed model is able to describe the fish growth dynamics more acc ... | 2014 | 24933474 |
| histological and histochemical investigations of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus of a carp cirrhinus mrigala. | the histological organization and histochemical aspects of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus of the indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala are described. the pharyngeal jaw apparatus consists of a lower pharyngeal jaw and a chewing pad. histochemical analysis reveals that the epithelium covering the lower pharyngeal jaw is mucogenic and is involved in the secretion of different classes of glycoproteins (gps) including gps with oxidizable vicinal diols, gps with o-sulphate esters and gps with sialic acid ... | 2014 | 24103525 |
| nod1 and nod2 receptors in mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala): inductive expression and downstream signalling in ligand stimulation and bacterial infections. | nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain (nod)1 and nod2 are important cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors (prrs) and key members of the nod-like receptor (nlr) family. they sense a wide range of bacteria or their products and play a key role in inducing innate immunity. this report describes the role of nod1 and nod2 receptors signalling in innate immunity in the indian major carp, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala). tissue-specific expression analysis of nod1 and nod2 genes by quantitative ... | 2013 | 23938386 |
| short and long-term effects of clofibric acid and diclofenac on certain biochemical and ionoregulatory responses in an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. | extensive use of pharmaceuticals in human and veterinary medicine and aquaculture practices pose a serious threat to aquatic organisms. in the present investigation, cirrhinus mrigala an indian major carp was exposed to different concentrations of clofibric acid (ca) and diclofenac (dcf) and certain biochemical and ionoregulatory responses were assessed under short and long term exposures. during short-term (96h) exposure period, plasma glucose and sodium (na(+)) levels were increased at all con ... | 2013 | 23777676 |
| alteration in certain enzymological parameters of an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala exposed to short- and long-term exposure of clofibric acid and diclofenac. | the extensive use of pharmaceuticals in human and veterinary medicine may enter the aquatic environment and pose a serious threat to non-target aquatic organisms like fish. in this study, indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala was exposed to different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 μg l⁻¹) of most commonly used pharmaceutical drugs clofibric acid (ca) and diclofenac (dcf) to evaluate its impacts on certain enzymological parameters during short- and long-term exposures. during short-term (96 h) expos ... | 2013 | 23579460 |
| glycoproteins in the buccal epithelium of a carp, cirrhinus mrigala (pisces, cyprinidae): a histochemical profile. | glycoproteins (gps) were visualized histochemically in the secretory cells - the mucous goblet cells (the type a and the type b), the rodlet cells and the epithelial cells in different regions of the buccal cavity of cirrhinus mrigala. the type a mucous goblet cells, the type b mucous goblet cells, the rodlet cells and the epithelial cells elaborate gps with oxidizable vicinal diols and gps with sialic acid residue without o-acyl substitution. the type a mucous goblet cells, in addition, contain ... | 2014 | 23551209 |
| short-term mercury exposure on na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity and ionoregulation in gill and brain of an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. | recently mercury pollution has been increased considerably in aquatic resources throughout the world and it is a growing global concern. in this study, the 96 h lc50 value of waterborne mercuric chloride for cirrhinus mrigala was found to be 0.34 mg/l (with 95% confidence limits). fingerlings of c. mrigala were exposed to 0.068 and 0.034 mg/l of mercuric chloride for 96 h to assess the na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity and ionoregulation (na(+), k(+) and cl(-)) in gill and brain. results showed that na ... | 2013 | 22944584 |
| effects of ibuprofen on hematological, biochemical and enzymological parameters of blood in an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. | in the present investigation, the most commonly used pharmaceutical drug ibuprofen (ib) was exposed to an indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala under static bioassay method to estimate its toxicological effects for a period of 35 days. the median lethal concentration (lc 50) of ib to the fish c. mrigala for 24h was found to be 142 ppm. in sublethal treatment (1/10th of lc 50 24h value, 14.2 ppm), a significant decrease in erythrocyte (rbc), mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (mchc) and plasma ... | 2012 | 22418069 |
| acute and sublethal effects in an indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala exposed to silver nitrate: gill na+/k+-atpase, plasma electrolytes and biochemical alterations. | due to prolonged use of silver in many applications, it enters into the freshwater and affects the aquatic organisms. fingerlings of cirrhinus mrigala were exposed to acute and sublethal concentrations of silver nitrate and the alterations of gill na(+)/k(+)-atpase, plasma electrolytes and biochemical parameters were assessed. the median lethal concentration of silver nitrate to the fish c. mrigala for 96 h was found to be 0.107 mg/l (with 95% confidence limits). 1/10th of lc 50 96 h value (0.01 ... | 2012 | 22366066 |
| histochemical analysis of glycoproteins in the gill epithelium of an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. | glycoproteins were analyzed by a range of histochemical methods in the epithelium of gills of cirrhinus mrigala, a valuable food fish of great economic importance cultured extensively in india. the gills consist of gill arches, gill rakers, gill filaments and secondary lamellae. major components of the epithelium of gill arches and gill rakers are epithelial cells, mucous goblet cells, rodlet cells, lymphocytes, eosinophilic granular cells and taste buds. in contrast, in the gill filament epithe ... | 2012 | 22177215 |
| surface ultrastructure of the gill filaments and the secondary lamellae of the catfish, rita rita, and the carp, cirrhinus mrigala. | surface ultrastructures of gill filaments and secondary lamellae of rita rita and cirrhinus mrigala, inhabiting different ecological habitat, were investigated to unravel adaptive modifications. r. rita is a sluggish, bottom dwelling carnivorous catfish, which inhabits regions of river with accumulations of dirty water. it retains its viability for long time if taken out of water. c. mrigala is an active bottom dwelling indian major carp, which lives in relatively clean water and dies shortly af ... | 2012 | 21956840 |
| impact of cypermethrin on na(+)-k (+), ca (2+) and mg (2+) atpases in indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton). | activities of atpase in different organs of cirrhinus mrigala exposed to cypermethrin with lethal (5.13 microg/l) and sublethal (1.02 microg/l) concentration was investigated. decrease of na(+)-k(+)-atpase activity was observed in gills, liver and muscle to about 60.22%, 22.13% and 48.89% respectively, by lethal concentration. whereas in sublethal concentration activity was increased to about 7.84%, 10.70% and 5.96%. similarly, in case of mg(2+)-atpases activity as 57.61%, 48.82% and 28.59% for ... | 2010 | 19823759 |
| surface ultrastructure of gill arches and gill rakers in relation to feeding of an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. | the surface ultrastructure of the gill arches and the gill rakers of an herbivorous fish, cirrhinus mrigala was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. these structures show significant adaptive modifications associated with the food and feeding ecology of the fish. closely lying short gill rakers and narrow inter-raker channels on the gill arches are associated to filter and retain food particles. prominent epithelial protuberances on the gill rakers and the gill arches enable the taste b ... | 2009 | 19261316 |
| morphological specializations of the buccal cavity in relation to the food and feeding habit of a carp cirrhinus mrigala: a scanning electron microscopic investigation. | the buccal cavity of an herbivorous fish, cirrhinus mrigala, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy to determine its surface ultrastructure. the buccal cavity shows significant adaptive modifications in relation to food and feeding ecology of the fish. the buccal cavity of the fish is of modest size and limited capacity, which is considered an adaptation with respect to the small-sized food items primarily consumed by the fish that could be accommodated in a small space. modification o ... | 2009 | 19123241 |
| free cyanide-induced biochemical changes in nitrogen metabolism of the indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala. | we studied the effect of free cyanide on several aspects of nitrogen metabolism in the gills, liver, and muscle tissue of the indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. free amino acid levels and protease activity were elevated following exposure to lethal and sublethal doses of free cyanide. at the lethal concentration, significant changes were noticed on day 4 for both parameters. the normal condition was restored only at the sublethal concentration. | 2007 | 18380169 |
| histopathology of lambda-cyhalothrin on tissues (gill, kidney, liver and intestine) of cirrhinus mrigala. | the histopathology of lambda-cyhalothrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, on the gill, liver, intestine and kidney tissues in fish, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala), which is one of indian major carp species were determined by light microscopy. the fish were experimentally exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.3ppb and 0.6ppb) of lambda-cyhalothrin for 10 days. tissues were normal in the control group. epithelial hyperplasia, aneurism, epithelial necrosis, desquamation, epithelial lifting, oedema, ... | 2007 | 21783823 |
| dietary branched-chain amino acid valine, isoleucine and leucine requirements of fingerling indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton). | three 8-week growth experiments were conducted to quantify the requirements of the fingerling cirrhinus mrigala for the dietary branched-chain amino acids valine (experiment 1), isoleucine (experiment 2) and leucine (experiment 3). six isonitrogenous (400 g/kg) and isoenergetic (17.90 kj/g) test diets were formulated with a gradation of 2.5 g/kg for each test amino acid, valine (7.5-20 g/kg), isoleucine (5.0-17.5 g/kg) and leucine (7.5-20 g/kg), and fed to randomly stocked fish in circular troug ... | 2006 | 16925849 |
| changes in nitrogen metabolism of the freshwater fish cirrhinus mrigala following exposure to cypermethrin. | we studied the effect of a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, cypermethrin, on some aspects of nitrogen metabolism in the gills, liver, and muscle tissue of the indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. free amino acid levels and protease activity showed an elevation in all tissues following exposure to lethal (5.13 microg/l) and sublethal (1.026 microg/l) doses of cypermethrin, with significant changes noticed on day 4. the normal condition was restored only at a sublethal concentration. | 2006 | 16639881 |
| reproduction phase-related expression of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the nucleus lateralis tuberis of the female indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala: correlation with the luteinising hormone cells-ovary axis. | the present study aimed to determine whether beta-endorphin immunoreactivity (bep-ir) in the neurones of the nucleus lateralis tuberis (nlt) is linked to the seasonal cycle and shows correlation with the number of luteinising hormone (lh) cells in the pituitary gland and ovaries in the teleost, cirrhinus mrigala. although lh cells were moderately immunostained during the resting phase (december to january), the morphological profile suggested increased synthetic and secretory activity during the ... | 2006 | 16629830 |
| reproduction phase-related variations in the gnrh immunoreactive fibers in the pineal of the indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala (ham.). | we studied gnrh immunoreactivity in the pineal gland of the indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala during different phases of reproductive cycle. in the resting phase (december-january), gnrh immunoreactive (-ir) fibers were organized as paired fascicles above the posterior commissure that ascend in the stalk and distribute widely in the pineal gland. the gnrh-ir fiber density significantly declined (p<0.001) during the preparatory phase (february-april) and the fibers disappeared thereafter. while ... | 2005 | 20035452 |
| ontogeny of gnrh-like immunoreactive neuronal systems in the forebrain of the indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. | gnrh immunoreactivity appeared in the medial olfactory placode very early in the development of cirrhinus mrigala. the immunoreactive elements were divisible into distinct migratory and non-migratory components. the migratory component appeared as a patch of intensely immunoreactive cells located close to the olfactory epithelium in day 6 post-fertilization larvae. subsequently, these neurons migrate caudally along the ventromedial aspect of the developing forebrain and enroute give rise to gnrh ... | 2005 | 15748717 |
| dietary requirement of tryptophan for growth and survival of the indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton-buchanan) fry. | the experimental diets (40% protein) contained graded levels of tryptophan (0.60, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75%) of dietary protein. each test diet was fed to triplicate groups of mrigal fry twice daily at 10% of the total biomass for 8 weeks. the dietary tryptophan requirement was estimated by plotting weight gain against dietary levels of tryptophan using two separate regression equations, the point of intersection of two equations was taken as optimum level, which occurred at 0.48% of the die ... | 2003 | 15332510 |
| evidence for presence of gaba-ergic receptor mediated dispersion in isolated scale melanophores of a carp, cirrhinus mrigala ham. | effects of gaba-ergic agonists and antagonists were examined on the melanophores of a carp c. mrigala in vitro. gaba and baclofen both induced concentration - related dispersion in fish melanophores. denervation of the melanophores by reserpine treatment potentiated the sensitivity of the melanophores to gaba. while denervation by cooling treatment inhibited the sensitivity of the melanophores to gaba, atropine, bicuculline and pentylenetetrazole all inhibited the dispersal responses of the mela ... | 2002 | 12561974 |
| responses of isolated scale melanophores of a fresh water carp, cirrhinus mrigala (ham.) to zidovudine. | zidovudine (azt) induced concentration related aggregation in c. mrigala melanophores. denervated melanophores failed to respond to azt. specific and nonspecific alpha adrenoceptor antagonists completely blocked the responses of fish melanophores to azt. histamine and prostaglandin antagonists also inhibited aggregation of the melanophores induced by azt. the results suggest that azt may release a mixture of neurotransmitter like substances, which cause the aggregation of this fish melanophores. | 2002 | 12561973 |
| role of two plasma vitellogenins from indian major carp (cirrhinus mrigala) in catfish (clarias batrachus) vitellogenesis. | complete vitellogenesis (synthesis and incorporation of vitellogenin, vg) in the female catfish, clarias batrachus, during different reproductive phases (preparatory, prespawning, and postspawning) of its annual ovarian cycle is induced by administering heterologous vg (semipurified; ult-i and purified; ha-i and ha-ii) isolated from the indian major carp, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala). during the prespawning period, ult-i, which contains both ha-i and ha-ii, showed a dose-dependent response in rela ... | 2001 | 11703069 |
| morpho-histology of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system in relation to gonadal maturation in cirrhinus mrigala (ham.), a freshwater indian carp. | the hypothalamic neurosecretory centres, their pathway and the role of neurosecretory material responsible for gonadal maturation during its annual cycle is being reported here for the first time in an indian freshwater major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (ham.). | 1980 | 7235262 |
| fluorescence microscopic studies on sulphomucous of the alimentary canal in an indian freshwater major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton) by ferric alum-coriphosphine and coriphosphine-thiazol yellow methode. | | 1978 | 714255 |
| morpho-histology of the intestine in a freshwater major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton) during the different life-history stages in relation to food and feeding habits. | the morpho-histology in relation to food and feeding habits of the intestine in the fry, fingerling and adult of cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton), a freshwater major carp, has been described. the intestine has been observed to be shortest in the fry (carnivorous) and longest in the adults (herbivorous) with intermediate values in the fingerlings (omnivorous). the mucosal folds of the intestine have also been observed to be adapted according to the nature of the dietary prevailing in the different li ... | 1975 | 1200390 |
| changes in sperm motility in response to osmolality/ca2+ in three indonesian fresh water teleosts: goby (oxyeleotris marmorata), java carp (puntius javanicus), and catfish (clarias batrachus). | sperm of most fresh water teleosts become motile when released into the hypotonic fresh water environment, but the role of osmolality and ca2+ on sperm motility is not clear. osmotic pressure and ca2+ concentrations increase from fresh water to brackish water. java carp puntius javanicus and catfish clarias batrachus live and reproduce only in fresh water. on the other hand, goby oxyeleotris marmorata can acclimate and reproduce from fresh water to brackish water. in the present study, sperm mot ... | 2006 | 16458554 |
| immunological and physiological validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for growth hormone of the asian catfish, clarias batrachus. | this study describes the development and validation of competitive antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for growth hormone (gh) of the catfish, clarias batrachus. isolated gh was characterized first through bioassay, amino acid sequencing, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry, and then used to raise antibody to develop elisa. the lowest detection limit of the assay system was 0.17 ng ml(-1), and the standard curve had an ed(50) value of 0.35 ng ml(-1). repeated determinati ... | 2005 | 20035472 |
| identification and characterization of maturation-promoting factor from catfish,clarias batrachus. | maturation-promoting factor (mpf) extracted from maturing oocytes of catfishes (clarias batrachus andheteropneustes fossilis) and carp (labeo rohita) induces 100% germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) when microinjected intoclarias immature unstimulated oocytes. the presence of a similar mpf activity has also been demonstrated in the active fractions collected after superose 12. sds-page analyses of cytosolic extracts (ce) prepared from immature and mature oocytes revealed the presence of 34- and 46 ... | 1996 | 24194144 |
| studies on ecophysiology of fish parasites: effect of trypanosome infection on the serum cholesterol levels of fishes. | serum cholesterol levels of six species of fresh water fishes were lowered due to trypanosome infection. the percentage of infection in the different species of hosts ranged from 3.27% in clarias batrachus to 16.66% in wallago attu. loss in serum cholesterol level was highest (42.39%) in the spiny eel mastocembelus armotus and lowest in the carp cirrhina mrigala (4.56%). thus hypocholesterolemia was evidently caused in the fishes by trypanosomes. | 1977 | 906626 |
| stock assessment of fishery target species in lake koka, ethiopia. | effective management is essential for small-scale fisheries to continue providing food and livelihoods for households, particularly in developing countries where other options are often limited. studies on the population dynamics and stock assessment on fishery target species are thus imperative to sustain their fisheries and the benefits for the society. in lake koka (ethiopia), very little is known about the vital population parameters and exploitation status of the fishery target species: til ... | 2015 | 26666131 |
| comparison of the lipid properties of healthy and pansteatitis-affected african sharptooth catfish, clarias gariepinus (burchell), and the role of diet in pansteatitis outbreaks in the olifants river in the kruger national park, south africa. | pansteatitis has been identified in wild populations of sharptooth catfish, clarias gariepinus (burchell), and nile crocodiles, crocodylus niloticus laurenti, inhabiting the same waters in the olifants river gorge in the kruger national park, south africa. mesenteric and pectoral fat tissue was investigated microscopically and by fatty acid analysis in healthy and pansteatitis-affected catfish from both captive and wild populations. variation in fatty acid composition between pectoral and mesent ... | 2013 | 23634747 |
| prevalence of pansteatitis in african sharptooth catfish, clarias gariepinus (burchell), in the kruger national park, south africa. | pansteatitis was confirmed in sharptooth catfish, clarias gariepinus (burchell), from three main locations within the kruger national park (knp); the olifants river gorge, engelhard dam on the letaba river and from the sabie river in the sabiepoort. an increasing prevalence of pansteatitis was observed in catfish during repeated samplings from the olifants gorge from 2009 to 2011 and co-existence of old and recent lesions indicated on-going incitement of pansteatitis. only a low prevalence of pa ... | 2012 | 23327137 |
| purification and properties of malic enzyme from herring clupea harengus spermatozoa. | herring spermatozoa exhibit higher activity of malic enzyme (me) than atlantic salmon (salmo salar), brown trout (salmo trutta), carp (cyprinus carpio) and african catfish (clarias gariepinus) spermatozoa. two molecular forms of me are present in herring spermatozoa: an nad-preferring malic enzyme with very high activity and an nadp-specific malic enzyme with much lower activity (ratio about 33:1). nad-preferring me was purified by chromatography on deae-sepharose, red agarose and sephadex g-200 ... | 2013 | 23313742 |
| introduction of modern endocrine techniques for the production of monosex population of fishes. | of the techniques available to mass-produce a sterile or monosex population, the hormonal induction of sex reversal is the most widely practiced. this paper presents the synthesis of works done on sex reversal using 17α methyltestosterone (17αmt), 17β estradiol, non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors (ais) and oestrogen receptor agonist, tamoxifen in commercially important aquaculture species mossambique tilapia oreochromis mossambicus, nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus, common carp cyprinus carpio ... | 2013 | 23063432 |
| comparing the levels of trace metal from two fish species harvested from treated waste water in pretoria, south africa. | the persistent problem of water scarcity with the ever increasing demand of water has necessitated the reuse of effluent in agriculture. the present study evaluated the reuse of treated waste water and bioaccumulation properties of two fish species from a manmade lake. trace metals content of two fish species: clarias gariepinus and cyprinus carpio and levels of trace metals from waste water in the lake where the fish species were harvested were determined by inductive couple plasma-optical emis ... | 2011 | 22303642 |