| saprophytic and keratinophilic fungi isolated from desert and cultivated soils continuously exposed to cement dust particles in egypt. | forty soil samples collected from desert (uncultivated) and cultivated soils, exposed continuously to cement dust were screened for their content of saprophytic and keratinophilic fungi using the hair baiting technique and the dilution plate method. using the hair baiting technique, 21 genera and 31 species were collected from 20 samples of each of desert (15 genera and 21 species) and cultivated (17 genera and 24 species) soils, on sabouraud's dextrose agar. these included chrysosporium keratin ... | 1992 | 1325092 |
| duration of pituitary and adrenocortical suppression after long-term administration of anti-inflammatory doses of prednisone in dogs. | duration and magnitude of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression caused by daily oral administration of a glucocorticoid was investigated, using an anti-inflammatory dose of prednisone. twelve healthy adult male dogs were given prednisone orally for 35 days (0.55 mg/kg of body weight, q 12 h), and a control group of 6 dogs was given gelatin capsule vehicle. plasma cortisol (baseline and 2-hour post-acth administration) and plasma acth and cortisol (baseline and 30-minutes post corticotr ... | 1992 | 1326243 |
| native and oxidized ldl enhances production of pdgf aa and the surface expression of pdgf receptors in cultured human smooth muscle cells. | animal studies have demonstrated that hypercholesterolemia leads to the development of fibromuscular atherosclerotic lesions that are characterized by the intimal accumulation of cholesterol esters in macrophage foam cells and focal proliferation of smooth muscle cells (smcs). there is now convincing evidence that formation of foam cells occurs as a result of macrophage uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ldl), but the processes linking hypercholesterolemia to activation of smc growth ar ... | 1992 | 1326320 |
| in vitro and in vivo interactions of nitrovasodilators and zaprinast, a cgmp-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor. | we have examined the interaction of zaprinast, a selective inhibitor of cgmp phosphodiesterase, with guanylate cyclase activators on vascular smooth muscle relaxation in vitro and in vivo. isolated porcine coronary arterial rings precontracted with prostaglandin f2 alpha (pgf2 alpha) were relaxed dose dependently by the guanylate cyclase activators nitroglycerin and nitroprusside, the cgmp phosphodiesterase inhibitor zaprinast and the endothelium-dependent agent bradykinin. a 1 h pretreatment wi ... | 1992 | 1326438 |
| in vitro activity of opc-17116 compared to other broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116 was compared to that of five similar fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and temafloxacin). a total of 700 isolates from recent cases of clinical bacteremia were tested. fifty additional stock strains with well-characterized resistance mechanisms were also processed. the minimal concentrations inhibiting 90% of strains (mic90) of enterobacteriaceae species were for opc-17116 0.015-0.5 micrograms/ml and for ciprofloxacin 0.015-0.25 ... | 1992 | 1327789 |
| modification in penicillin-binding proteins during in vivo development of genetic competence of haemophilus influenzae is associated with a rapid change in the physiological state of cells. | by using whole-cell labeling assay with 125i-penicillin v, we observed a reduction in the binding of the radiolabeled beta-lactam to four or five penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) in haemophilus influenzae cells cultivated under specific conditions. pbps 3a, 3b, 4, and 6 were altered after the growth of bacteria in diffusion chambers implanted in the peritoneal cavity of rats. pbp 2 was also modified when cells were cultivated in human cerebrospinal fluids. because this observation may have imp ... | 1992 | 1328054 |
| the in-vitro activity of new streptogramins, rp 59500, rp 57669 and rp 54476, alone and in combination. | rp 59500 is a 30:70 mixture of rp 57669 and rp 54476. the activity of rp 59500 and its two components against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms was compared with that of clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin and rokitamycin. rp 59500 inhibited 90% of erythromycin-susceptible and resistant staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci at less than or equal to 1 mg/l (range 0.06-2 mg/l). both inducibly and constitutively-resistant strains of s. aureus, as well as strains ... | 1992 | 1328138 |
| variation in length and sequence of porin (ompp2) alleles of non-capsulate haemophilus influenzae. | length variations of haemophilus influenzae outer membrane porin protein p2 were found at the dna and protein levels, notably in non-capsulate strains. protein length, measured by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was found to correlate with the length of the gene, measured by polymerase chain reaction amplification, and ranged from 35-42 kda and 970-1090 nucleotides, respectively. this represents a length variation of some 15%. the genetic location of these variations was studied by restr ... | 1992 | 1328812 |
| in vitro and in vivo intraleukocytic accumulation of azithromycin (cp-62, 993) and its influence on ex vivo leukocyte chemiluminescence. | the accumulation of azithromycin in phagocytic cells was studied both in vitro by using a radiolabelled drug and a bioassay and in vivo for 12 volunteers receiving 1.5 g (total dose) orally within 3 days. in vitro, neutrophils and unfractionated blood leukocytes accumulated azithromycin up to 160-fold the extracellular concentration within 1 h at 37 degrees c but less than 3-fold at 4 degrees c. dead cells accumulated up to 30-fold azithromycin, whereas naf-treated cells accumulated up to 60-fol ... | 1992 | 1329619 |
| in vitro activity of opc-17116. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116, a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone, was compared with the activities of other fluoroquinolones. opc-17116 inhibited 50% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested and 90% of haemophilus influenzae, neisseria species, and moraxella catarrhalis isolates at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml. at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were inhibited, which was comparable to or better than the activities of fleroxacin, o ... | 1992 | 1329620 |
| a restriction enzyme from hemophilus influenzae. i. purification and general properties. 1970. | | 1992 | 1330118 |
| interpretive criteria for ci-960, fleroxacin and temafloxacin susceptibility tests with haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae strains with varied ampicillin resistance and beta-lactamase production patterns were tested against three investigational fluorinated quinolones (ci-960, fleroxacin, temafloxacin) using haemophilus test medium (htm) and national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) methods. the disk diffusion zones and mics were compared and regression statistics and scattergrams generated. the rank order of the agents according to activity against haemophilus influenzae wa ... | 1992 | 1330563 |
| plasma bactericidal activity of a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone after oral doses of 400 and 800 mg. | the plasma bactericidal activity of a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone, opc-17116, was determined after once-daily oral ingestion of 400 mg and 800 mg in normal, healthy volunteers. opc-17116 at a 400-mg dose produced plasma bactericidal titers greater than or equal to 1:16 at 12 hours against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. opc-17116 bactericidal titers against pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1:2 or 1:4 at 6 and 12 hours ... | 1992 | 1331205 |
| [surveillance of the sensitivity of antibiotics to the principal germs responsible for purulent meningitis at the university hospital center in treichville from 1986 to 1991]. | between january 1986 and december 1991, the sensitivity of germs isolated from purulent meningitidis diagnosed at the universitary and hospital center treichville was tested with reference to the antibiotics utilized in the treatment of purulent meningitidis (ampicillin, cefotaxime, amoxicillin+clavulinic acid, chloramphenicol, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)). cefotaxime, cephalosporin of the third generation, keeps its effectiveness on the main germs as a whole (pneumococcus, men ... | 1992 | 1331694 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of am-1155, a new 6-fluoro-8-methoxy quinolone. | am-1155 is a new quinolone with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against various bacteria including anaerobes and mycoplasma pneumoniae. am-1155 was 2- to 16-fold more active than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and enterococcus faecalis; its mics for 90% of strains tested were 0.10 to 0.78 micrograms/ml. the activity of am-1155 was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin ... | 1992 | 1332587 |
| comparative in vitro activities of a new quinolone, opc-17116, possessing potent activity against gram-positive bacteria. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of opc-17116, a new fluoroquinolone, against a wide variety of clinical isolates was evaluated and compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin. opc-17116 showed potent broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria. the activity of this compound against gram-positive bacteria was higher than those of other quinolones, and its activity against gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria was roughly comparable to those of othe ... | 1992 | 1332589 |
| in vitro activity of t-3761, a new fluoroquinolone. | the in vitro activity of t-3761, a new fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent which has an oxazine ring structure with a cyclopropyl moiety at c-10, was compared with those of other agents against 2,854 clinical isolates. t-3761 had a broad spectrum of activity and had potent activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria. the mics of t-3761 against 90% of the methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus epidermidis, and clostridium spp ... | 1992 | 1332594 |
| interpretive criteria and quality control parameters for testing susceptibility of haemophilus influenzae to enoxacin, ofloxacin, and temafloxacin. | haemophilus influenzae isolates were uniformly susceptible to enoxacin, ofloxacin, and temafloxacin. zone diameter and mic interpretive criteria were proposed to define susceptible populations so that mutants with diminished susceptibility might be detected when and if they appear in clinical specimens. additional collaborative quality control studies defined mic and zone size limits for tests with h. influenzae atcc 49247. | 1992 | 1333487 |
| dna repair and the evolution of transformation in haemophilus influenzae. | under certain environmental conditions, naturally transforming bacteria are induced to pick up dna released into the environment by other cells of the same or closely related species and, by homologous recombination, integrate that dna into their chromosome. the selective pressures responsible for the evolution and maintenance of this form of genetic outcrossing, or sex, in bacteria are not known. a prominent hypothesis is that transformation, and sex in general, evolved as a means of obtaining ... | 1992 | 1334020 |
| fda committee recommends combined dtp, haemophilus influenzae vaccine. | | 1992 | 1334159 |
| morphine- and naltrexone-induced modification of palatability: analysis by the taste reactivity test. | we used the taste reactivity (tr) test, a direct measure of the hedonic properties of a tastant, to assess in sprague-dawley rats the ability of morphine (an opiate agonist) and naltrexone (an opiate antagonist) to modify the palatability of a bitter quinine solution and a sweet sucrose solution. morphine reduced the aversive hedonic properties of both novel and familiar quinine solution (0.05% and 0.1%) but did not modify the palatability of 20% sucrose solution. naltrexone reduced the positive ... | 1992 | 1335271 |
| azithromycin in upper respiratory tract infections: a clinical trial in children with otitis media. | azithromycin is a newly developed azalide antibiotic which is very active against microbes causing respiratory tract infections; tissue concentrations remain elevated for a long time after discontinuation of treatment. a clinical study was conducted to compare azithromycin (10 mg/kg administered as a single daily dose for 3 days) with amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (50 mg/kg/day given b.i.d. for 10 days) in 30 children with otitis media. sensitivity testing demonstrated good azithromycin activity a ... | 1992 | 1336892 |
| azithromycin in lower respiratory tract infections. | azithromycin is a new azalide antimicrobial agent which has a broad spectrum of activity against common lower respiratory tract pathogens including pneumococci, staphylococci, legionella species, mycoplasma and chlamydia species. in particular, it is more active against haemophilus influenzae than other macrolides. in comparison to other new macrolides, azithromycin achieves higher tissue and intracellular concentrations and these concentrations are sustained for several days after dosing due to ... | 1992 | 1336893 |
| the comparative activity of fleroxacin, three other quinolones and eight unrelated antimicrobial agents. | the in vitro activity of fleroxacin, a new trifluorinated quinolone was evaluated against 432 bacterial isolates. fleroxacin was 1- to 2-fold less active than ciprofloxacin and at least as active as ofloxacin and lomefloxacin against most members of the family enterobacteriaceae. the mics of fleroxacin for 90% of strains tested (mic90) were < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml against all isolates of enterobacteriaceae except citrobacter freundii (mic90, 4 micrograms/ml) and serratia marcescens (mic90, 2 m ... | 1992 | 1337507 |
| mechanisms of glucagon-induced increases in rates of cytochrome p450-dependent pentoxyphenoxazone o-depentylation in cultured rat conceptuses. | inclusions of glucagon (1.0 or 2.0 microm, final concentrations) in the media of cultured whole rat conceptuses resulted in concentration-dependent increases in measured rates of o-depentylation of pentoxyphenoxazone in cell-free preparations of conceptal tissues. enzymic activities were assayed 24 h after initial exposure of the conceptuses to glucagon on day 10 of gestation. glucagon elicited increases in tissue levels of camp that were parallel to those produced by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine ... | 1992 | 1337707 |
| the hbpa gene of haemophilus influenzae type b encodes a heme-binding lipoprotein conserved among heme-dependent haemophilus species. | a membrane-associated lipoprotein of haemophilus influenzae type b has previously been shown to bind heme in vitro and to promote binding of this compound by escherichia coli recombinants expressing this protein. the h. influenzae type b heme-binding protein a (hbpa) was found to be highly conserved with respect to both antigenicity and apparent molecular weight among heme-requiring haemophilus species pathogenic for humans. to further the characterization of the structure and function of hbpa, ... | 1992 | 1339409 |
| cloning of a promoter-like soybean dna sequence responding to iaa induction in escherichia coli k12. | we have constructed a soybean genomic dna library in escherichia coli k12 strain kc13 using plasmid ppv33, which consists of a promoter-less tetracycline resistance (tcr) gene. a recombinant clone, kc13(pau-sb1)+, was obtained by selecting for resistance to tetracycline in the presence of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa). restriction enzyme cleavage and southern hybridization analysis revealed that the pau-sb1 plasmid has a 250 bp soybean dna insert fused with the tcr gene. in the presence of a select ... | 1992 | 1339428 |
| acute epiglottitis in adults. presentation of cases. | acute epiglottitis is a dangerous disease which is not often seen in adults. early diagnosis and medical attention is required. relief of airway obstruction by intubation or tracheostomy is necessary in most cases. ampicillin plus chloramphenicol or only cefotaxime is administered, pending a report on sensitivities. 3 cases of acute epiglottitis in adults are presented. the management is discussed in view to avoid this disease's possible fatal outcome. | 1992 | 1339898 |
| malaria transmission in the lagoon area of cotonou, benin. | a study of the prevalence and intensity of malaria transmission in the lagunar area of benin was carried out by means of repeated cross-sectional surveys of the child population. six areas were selected: two urban areas of cotonou, three lagunar villages and one savanna village. slide positive rates and prevalence of antibodies to p. falciparum sporozoites were examined in june-july 1989 (long rainy season), october-november 1989 (short rainy season) and march-april 1990 (short dry season). para ... | 1992 | 1339969 |
| [epidemiologic markers of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella agona]. | among s. typhimurium and s. agona strains isolated during the period from 1971 to 1987, the biotypes, colicine types and resistance patterns were determined for 734 s. typhimurium and 631 s. agona strains. among 734 s. typhimurium strains 65 biotypes were disclosed with prevalence of biotypes 1a (28.34%), 1b (29.84%) and 9 bi (18.28). concerning s. agona, the biotype 1a represented by 87.16%, was the commonest clone among our strains. although colicine typing added little information to characte ... | 1992 | 1340037 |
| bacterial meningitis in saudi children. | during the four years period from 1988 to 1991, 50 pediatric patients were diagnosed to have bacterial meningitis, out of a total number of 9057 pediatric admissions at qatif central hospital, qatif, saudi arabia, and 82% were less than two years of age. the causative organisms were isolated in 27 (54%) patients. the bacteria grown included haemophilus influenzae type b in 8 patients (29.6%), neisseria meningitidis in 8 patients (29.6%), streptococcus pneumonia in 6 (22%) patients, and other bac ... | 1992 | 1340860 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of ticarcillin alone and ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid against beta-lactamase producing and non-producing microorganisms. | a total of 818 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for the production of beta-lactamase by rapid chromogenic cephalosporin method and for the susceptibility to ticarcillin alone and in combination with clavulanic acid (2 micrograms/ml) by agar dilution method. these included 83 strains of methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa), 31 of methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa), 49 of neisseria gonorrhoeae, 58 of haemophilus influenzae, 112 of escherichia coli, 118 of klebsiella pneumo ... | 1992 | 1342000 |
| comparison of counterimmunoelectrophoresis, latex agglutination and bacterial culture for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis using urine, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples. | 1. urine, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from 98 children with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of bacterial meningitis were evaluated by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) and latex agglutination (la) methods and the results compared to those obtained with bacterial cultures of the csf samples. antigens of neisseria meningitidis groups a, b and c, haemophilus influenzae type b and streptococcus pneumoniae were determined by both immunological methods. serum was diluted (1:4) with ... | 1992 | 1342212 |
| oral polyvalent vaccine (buccalin berna) administration activates selected t-cell subsets and regulates the expression of polymorphonuclear leukocyte membrane molecules. | acute respiratory tract infections (aris) still represent a major clinical problem during influenza outbreaks. the virus-induced impairment of the immune system favors the entry of opportunistic microorganisms into respiratory tract mucosa. a useful strategy to reduce aris is to provide at risk subjects an orally administrable polyvalent vaccine (opv) comprised of bacteria strains recognised as the major ones responsible for aris. for the present study, the main circulating leukocyte populations ... | 1992 | 1343352 |
| chronic obstructive airways disease. | 1. chronic obstructive airways disease is a term which should be reserved for those who have objective evidence of airways obstruction and who do not improve significantly with bronchodilators or steroids. all patients should have a trial of aggressive treatment with these drugs in case they have chronic asthma. 2. all patients should be urged strongly to give up smoking. 3. there is no scientific evidence that slow release aminophylline or theophylline are of benefit in these patients, and they ... | 1992 | 1345149 |
| [decrease of spontaneous mutations in haemophilus influenzae caused by transformation with its own dna irradiated with near-ultraviolet light]. | transforming dna containing the streptomycin resistance marker, was irradiated for 8 h with broad near ultraviolet light (325-400 nm) at ph 4.8, and the inactivation kinetics determined. after selection of streptomycin resistant transformants, they were grown until a turbidity of 150-200 klett units. in these cultures we looked for new markers coming from the irradiated transforming dna. we looked and found the novobiocin resistance marker and one that conveys to protoporphyrin ix utilization, m ... | 1992 | 1345306 |
| comparison of hemagglutinating pili of haemophilus influenzae type b with similar structures of nontypeable h. influenzae. | thirty-eight clinical isolates of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae were tested for the presence of hemagglutinating pili similar to those of h. influenzae type b (hib) that mediate buccal epithelial cell adherence. four endogenously hemagglutinating (ha+) strains were identified, and eight additional ha+ variants were obtained from ha- strains by erythrocyte enrichment. all 12 ha+ nontypeable h. influenzae isolates bound antisera directed against denatured pilins of hib, but none bound antiser ... | 1992 | 1346123 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor activity of the dopamine receptor agonist fenoldopam in canine tracheal smooth muscle. | fenoldopam is a new vasodilator undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of hypertensive emergencies. its pharmacologic effects result from activation of vascular dopamine-1 receptors. in canine tracheal smooth muscle strips, fenoldopam caused a concentration- and calcium-dependent increase in tension, which was not antagonized by atropine, indomethacin or the dopamine-1 receptor antagonist, sch 23390. the ec50 (1.89 x 10(-6) m) exceeded that of serotonin or acetylcholine (8.38 x 10(-8) and ... | 1992 | 1346635 |
| in vitro activation of human t lymphocytes by haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharides. | polyribosilribitolphosphate (prp), the capsular polysaccharide from haemophilus influenzae type b, is a t-cell-independent type 2 antigen. in vitro culture of adult peripheral blood t cells with 15 micrograms/ml prp leads to induction of interleukin-2 receptor (il-2r) expression on up to 10% of t cells. these cells are cd4+ and carry the alpha beta t-cell receptor. prp, at concentrations above 1-5 micrograms/ml, can also induce in vitro proliferation of both adult and neonatal t cells. we conclu ... | 1992 | 1346727 |
| entamoeba histolytica extrachromosomal circular ribosomal dna: analysis of clonal variation in a hypervariable region. | the ribosomal rna genes of the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica are highly repeated and display restriction fragment length polymorphism. using a set of four dna probes spanning the coding region and part of the flanking region of the e. histolytica ribosomal rna genes, an analysis of the dna bands generated by ecori digestion of entamoeba dna is presented. this analysis included five strains of e. histolytica, four strains of e. moshkovskii, and one strain each of e. invadens and e. ter ... | 1992 | 1346767 |
| natural killer (nk) cell stimulatory factor increases the cytotoxic activity of nk cells from both healthy donors and human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | natural killer cell stimulatory factor (nksf), or interleukin 12 (il-12), is a heterodimeric lymphokine produced by b cells that has multiple effects on t and nk cell functions. nksf at concentrations as low as 0.4 pm enhances the spontaneous cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) against a variety of tumor-derived target cell lines and virus-infected target cells. the combined treatment of pbl with nksf and il-2 results in a less than additive enhancement of cytotoxicity. nksf ... | 1992 | 1346797 |
| modulatory effects of fmrf-nh2 on outward currents and oscillatory activity in heart interneurons of the medicinal leech. | using single-electrode voltage clamp, heart interneurons of the medicinal leech were shown to possess both a rapidly inactivating outward current, ia, and a more slowly inactivating outward current, ik. ia and ik could be separated by their voltage sensitivity and kinetic properties. fmrf-nh2 (phe-met-arg-phe-nh2) modulates ik by shifting both steady state activation and inactivation to more hyperpolarized potentials, but it does not affect the time constants. ia and ik appear to use k+ as a cha ... | 1992 | 1346805 |
| effect of pili-specific antibodies on the adherence of haemophilus influenzae type b to human buccal cells. | different strains of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) produce antigenically distinct pili that mediate adherence to human buccal epithelial cells. this study determined the ability of antibodies specific for the lkp3 pili of haemophilus influenzae type b to inhibit the adherence of hib strain eagan (p+). antiserum was prepared by immunization of rabbits with pili purified from hib strain eagan (p+). the presence of pili-specific antibodies in the immune serum was shown by selective immunoprec ... | 1992 | 1347055 |
| phenotypic and functional studies on ocular t cells during herpetic infections of the eye. | herpetic stromal keratitis an inflammatory disease of the eye resulting from herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, is a common cause of blindness. the disease is generally considered to represent an immunopathologic response, but the exact mechanism remains in doubt and is subject to debate. we have investigated the nature of inflammatory cells in the eye and have isolated ocular cells to establish their phenotype and determine some of their functions. by means of immunocytochemistry and cytofl ... | 1992 | 1347309 |
| effects of in vivo t lymphocyte subset depletion on mycobacterial infections in mice. | the relative importance of cd4+ and cd8+ t cell subsets in the expression of acquired resistance to systemic infection by mycobacterium kansasii was determined. t cell subsets were depleted in thymectomized c57bl/6 mice by the intravenous administration of monoclonal antibodies directed against the relevant t cell determinants. depletion of the cd4+ subset exacerbated the severity of the infection in intravenously challenged mice. this effect was apparent in the first 2 weeks of the infection an ... | 1992 | 1347311 |
| changes in t-lymphocyte subsets in intravenous drug users with hiv-1 infection. | to evaluate changes in t-cell subsets in prevalent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) seronegative and seropositive intravenous drug users (ivdus) and in hiv-1 seropositive ivdus with known time of seroconversion. | 1992 | 1347321 |
| cgvd workshop: should haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines be introduced into the epi? | | 1992 | 1347819 |
| pcr for confirmation of brazilian purpuric fever. | | 1992 | 1348336 |
| conserved immunoglobulin-like features in a family of periplasmic pilus chaperones in bacteria. | detailed structural analyses revealed a family of periplasmic chaperones in gram-negative prokaryotes which are structurally and possibly evolutionarily related to the immunoglobulin superfamily and assist in the assembly of adhesive pili. the members of this family have similar structures consistent with the overall topology of an immunoglobulin fold. seven pilus chaperone sequences from escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae and klebsiella pneumoniae were aligned and their consensus sequence ... | 1992 | 1348692 |
| lower respiratory tract infections after abdominal operations: epidemiology and risk factors. | to find out the incidence and aetiology of lower respiratory tract infections after abdominal operations and identify predisposing factors. | 1992 | 1350210 |
| comparison of hemagglutinating pili of type b and nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | | 1992 | 1350297 |
| comparison of the alpha-pilins of haemophilus influenzae type b strains eagan (p+), m43 (p+), and 770235bof+. | | 1992 | 1350298 |
| capsule loss by haemophilus influenzae type b results in enhanced adherence to and entry into human cells. | | 1992 | 1350299 |
| fimbria-mediated adherence and hemagglutination of haemophilus influenzae. | the gram-negative bacterium haemophilus influenzae expresses morphologically and functionally distinct types of fimbriae, of which the lkp fimbriae mediate hemagglutination and adherence to human epithelial cells but hamper mucosal invasion. therefore, the both in vivo and in vitro observed fimbrial phase variation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the infection. the existence of greater than 14 lkp serotypes hampers vaccine development based on fimbriae, since a monovalent fimbria vaccine c ... | 1992 | 1350301 |
| the other mediator for adherence of haemophilus influenzae organisms without involvement of fimbriae. | the number of the nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (hin) organisms that adhered to the primary mouse fetal lung cells was significantly more than type b haemophilus influenzae (hib) organisms. the average number of hin organisms adherent to host cells was 2,291/100 host cells (range, 1,654-3,182), but that of hib was markedly reduced to 147/100 host cells (range, 102-238). in this case, p value was less than 0.05 by using a paired student t-test. the sonicated extract from hin tms11 organisms ... | 1992 | 1351242 |
| hut 78 t cells bind to noncytokine-stimulated keratinocytes using a non-cd18-dependent adhesion pathway. | the initial in vitro observation that cultured keratinocytes, when treated with cytokines such as gamma interferon, increased the binding of t lymphocytes, opened up a whole new avenue of research to understand epidermal trafficking patterns in inflammatory skin diseases. a growing body of data strongly supports the in vivo role of lymphocyte-function-associated antigen-1 (cd18) expression by t cells in the binding to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cd54) expressing keratinocytes. to further ... | 1992 | 1351368 |
| low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with aids. | to determine the efficacy of low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (trimethoprim, 160 mg plus sulfamethoxazole, 800 mg; one tablet twice daily, 2 days per week) as primary prophylaxis against toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and previous pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1992 | 1351371 |
| dopamine efflux from striatum after chronic nicotine: evidence for autoreceptor desensitization. | we examined the effect of chronic nicotine treatment on dopaminergic activity by measuring the effects of d1 and d2 dopamine (da) receptor agonists and antagonists on tritium release from mouse striatum preloaded with [3h]da. the radioactivity released during superfusion was separated on alumina columns and the distribution and efflux of [3h]da and its main 3h-labeled metabolites were quantified. after preloading by incubation with [3h]da, the electrical stimulation-evoked tritium overflow was h ... | 1992 | 1351932 |
| optimal management strategies for hiv-infected patients who present with cough or dyspnea: a cost-effective analysis. | to determine the effectiveness and costs of alternative management strategies for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) who present with pulmonary symptoms. | 1992 | 1351940 |
| nosocomial bacteraemia in hospital staff caused by haemophilus influenzae type b. | | 1992 | 1353095 |
| immunisation of infants in iceland against haemophilus influenzae type b. | | 1992 | 1353185 |
| interaction of capsulate haemophilus influenzae with human airway mucosa in vitro. | two pairs of isogenic capsulate and noncapsulate and one pair of capsulate fimbriate and nonfimbriate strains of haemophilus influenzae type b were studied in an organ culture of human respiratory mucosa. over 24 h, the numbers of recovered bacteria increased from the original inoculum size of 10(5) to 10(8) cfu/ml. transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that noncapsulate organisms caused significant epithelial damage, whereas capsulate strains did not. associat ... | 1992 | 1353481 |
| cefuroxime resistance in haemophilus influenzae. | | 1992 | 1354304 |
| rapid disappearance of haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis after routine childhood immunisation with conjugate vaccines. | mortality from meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae type b (hib), a disease that affects mainly infants and young children, can reach 5% in industrialised countries and ten times that in non-industrialised countries. to determine the efficacy of vaccination against hib, we carried out a retrospective survey of the incidence of hib meningitis over five decades in the greater helsinki area of finland, where all children with bacterial meningitis are treated in one of three centres. except f ... | 1992 | 1355165 |
| an investigation of the molecular basis of nontypable haemophilus influenzae adherence to mucosal epithelium. | | 1992 | 1356385 |
| impaired detoxification of reactive oxygen and consequent oxidative stress in experimentally cryptorchid rat testis. | the effect of experimental cryptorchidism on the level of oxidative stress and antioxidant functions in rat testis was studied. adult male sprague-dawley rats were rendered unilaterally cryptorchid (by suturing one testis to the abdominal wall) and killed 1, 3, or 7 days after the operation. as an indicator of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation was measured by the diene conjugation method in testis homogenates. the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were determined either in the 10,000 x g ... | 1992 | 1356492 |
| nonlinkage of 16q markers to familial predisposition to wilms' tumor. | wilms' tumor (wt), a childhood cancer of the kidney, occurs in both familial and sporadic forms. chromosome 11 genes have been implicated in the etiology of wt, and mutations in a gene at chromosomal band 11p13, wt1, have been identified in a few wt cases. however, 11p13 has been excluded as the site of the predisposition mutation segregating in several large wt families, which implies the existence of a non-11p familial predisposition gene. recently, loss of heterozygosity for 16q markers locat ... | 1992 | 1356625 |
| efficacy of haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in oxford region. | | 1992 | 1357260 |
| biochemical mis-identification of brucella melitensis and subsequent laboratory-acquired infections. | brucella species are mis-identified in the api 20ne system as moraxella phenylpyruvica (profile number 1200004). since some brucella spp. grow readily in routine blood culture medium and may be isolated from patients without clinically obvious brucellosis, the risk of laboratory-acquired brucellosis exists. we describe two such cases. | 1992 | 1358958 |
| is splenectomy another indication for haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination? | | 1992 | 1360086 |
| breastfeeding and antibody responses to routine vaccination in infants. | | 1992 | 1360102 |
| genetic mapping of the murine gene and 14 related sequences encoding chromosomal protein hmg-14. | the high-mobility-group chromosomal protein hmg-14 preferentially binds to nucleosomal core particles of mammalian chromatin and may modulate the chromatin configuration of transcriptionally active genes. the human gene for hmg-14 has been localized to the down syndrome region of chromosome (chr) 21 and may be involved in the etiology of this syndrome. here we show, by means of genetic linkage analysis of interspecific and intersubspecific backcross mice, that the murine functional gene, hmg14, ... | 1992 | 1360278 |
| rat liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy: effects of insulin, glucagon and epidermal growth factor. | this study evaluated the role of insulin, glucagon and the epidermal growth factor (egf) on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. male wistar rats, weighing approximately 200 g, were used. a partial hepatectomy, with resection of the medial and left lateral lobes (67.31%), was performed on the control group and seven hormone-treated groups: insulin, glucagon, egf, insulin plus glucagon, insulin plus egf, glucagon plus egf, and a combination of the three hormones. the hormones were admini ... | 1992 | 1360295 |
| pregnancy after transfer of frozen-thawed human embryos. | cryopreservation of human embryos has been successfully applied in in vitro fertilization (ivf) and embryo transfer (et) programs at the national taiwan university hospital since 1988. our preliminary results with 120 frozen-thawed embryos in 31 transfer cycles showed that the survival rate of frozen embryos was 66%. following transfer, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 6.5% and 13%, respectively. four clinical pregnancies and one preclinical pregnancy following a frozen-tha ... | 1992 | 1360300 |
| regional distribution of glutamate and aspartate in adult and old human brain. | in previous studies on rat brain we found that the observed heterogeneity of the regional distribution of amino acids was much greater when small well-defined anatomical structures were assayed. we therefore reinvestigated the distribution of glutamate and aspartate in 50 discrete areas from adult and old human brain. the concentration of glutamate in the area of highest level was 4.5 and 4.7 times as high as in the area of lowest level in adult and old brain respectively; for aspartate these va ... | 1992 | 1360325 |
| effects of ecdysteroids on reproductive physiology of nippostrongylus brasiliensis (nematoda) in vivo. | 1. the influence of ecdysteroids (ecdysone and ecdysterone) was investigated on the control of reproduction in the parasitic nematode nippostrongylus brasiliensis in vivo. 2. infestive larvae (l3) were immersed in solutions of ecdysteroids (2.2 microm) at 37 degrees c for 4 hr before injection into the host. the effect on egg-laying was observed two stages later. 3. the treatment increased egg-laying, but had no influence on the timing of the reproductive period. the greatest effect was observed ... | 1992 | 1360363 |
| characterization of cholinesterases from the parasitic nematode trichinella spiralis. | 1. trichinella cholinesterases occur in multiple molecular forms which differ in size, kinetics, activity with butyrylthiocholine, and effects of inhibitors. 2. the 5.3 and 13s forms identified in trichinella extracts are also found in c. elegans and other nematodes but the 7s form which occurs in other nematodes was absent from trichinella detergent extracts. differences in kinetic and inhibition properties among nematode species were also evident. 3. the level of cholinesterases in excretory/s ... | 1992 | 1360365 |
| the role of imidazoline receptors in blood pressure regulation. | using the ligands [3h] clonidine and [3h] idazoxan, nonadrenergic imidazoline preferring binding sites have been identified in a range of tissues from several species including man. these sites may represent a new family of receptors. an endogenous ligand and potential clonidine displacing substance has been identified. there is strong evidence for an involvement of the nonadrenergic imidazoline [3h] clonidine labelled sites in the nucleus reticularis lateralis in blood pressure regulation, and ... | 1992 | 1361236 |
| detection of cmv-dna in cells from peritoneal fluid of ipd/capd patients by polymerase chain reaction. | documented viral peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients is rare, although up to 20% of all cases are culture negative (non-fungal, non-bacterial). cmv-infected peritoneal cells may serve as a reservoir for reinfection and/or reactivation of cmv after renal transplantation. cmv-polymerase chain reaction (cmv-pcr) amplification analysis identified cmv-dna in cells from the peritoneal dialysate of 8 patients (3 culture negative peritonitis from a total of 5 examined) and 5 asymptomatics) out o ... | 1992 | 1361801 |
| the antibacterial effect of some neuroleptics on strains isolated from patients with meningitis. | eighty-two strains of bacteria (neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, enterobacteriaceae, streptococcus pneumoniae, group b streptococci and listeria monocytogenes) were examined for their in vitro susceptibility to eight drugs, seven neuroleptics (perphenazine, fluphenazine, cis(z)-clopenthixol, haloperidol, clozapine, clebopride and sch 23390), and the neuroleptically inactive trans(e)-clopenthixol. the phenothiazines and the thioxanthenes were, on the whole, the most active drugs wh ... | 1992 | 1362269 |
| septicaemia in paediatric intensive-care patients at the hospital for sick children, great ormond street. | a review of nosocomial septicaemia in paediatric intensive care in a tertiary referral setting was undertaken for a 33-month period (1988-90). this involved six units: cardiothoracic surgery; neonatal surgery; general medical; renal dialysis/transplant; haematology/oncology and infectious disease/immunology. the latter two units undertake bone marrow transplantation. during the study period, 10,719 admissions were made to these areas and 624 episodes of septicaemia were documented in 464 childre ... | 1992 | 1362736 |
| in-vitro bactericidal activity of four oral antibiotics against pathogens responsible for acute otitis media in children. | this study was designed to test the in-vitro activity of four oral antibiotics against the four microorganisms most frequently isolated in acute otitis media: beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae (n = 10), beta-lactamase-positive moraxella catarrhalis (n = 10), penicillin-sensitive streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 11) and methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (n = 10), by the bactericidal curve method. bactericidal kinetics were determined for concentrations of antibiotic equivalent ... | 1992 | 1362754 |
| [pharmacologic defense of the brain in radiation injury: some arguments]. | based on an analysis of the latest data on the problem of pharmacologic defense, the pro and contra scientific arguments of using pharmacochemical countermeasures to radiation damages of the brain are discussed in succession. a comparative characteristic of positive and negative effects of countermeasures possessing various neurotropic properties is presented. a general scheme of searching for the means of pharmacologic correction of radiocerebral syndrome involving the following stages: pathoph ... | 1992 | 1363774 |
| somatostatin: a putative neurotrophic factor with pleiotropic activity in the rat central nervous system. | | 1992 | 1363846 |
| the launch of an infant haemophilus influenzae type b immunization programme in iceland. | | 1991 | 1365148 |
| antibody to h. influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide in maternal and cord sera from inuit, native indian and caucasian subjects in the northwest territories and manitoba. | | 1991 | 1365149 |
| gene replacement in bordetella pertussis by transformation with linear dna. | we replaced the wild-type tox operon of bordetella pertussis with in vitro mutated, detoxified alleles by electroporetic transformation using unmarked linear dna. uptake of dna was selected by transient ampicillin resistance and two simultaneous recombination events resulted in gene-replacement at the natural locus with no integration of heterologous dna. tox alleles were stable without selection and recombinant strains secreted non-toxic, fully assembled, protective pertussis toxin (pt) analogu ... | 1990 | 1366929 |
| activities of candida rugosa lipase and other esterolytic enzymes coated on glass beads and suspended in substrate and water vapor: enzymes in thin liquid films. | candida rugosa lipase was enzymatically active when coated on glass beads and exposed to mixtures of substrate and water vapor over a range of relative humidities up to 100%. evidence was obtained for operation of the enzyme in a thin liquid film of concentrated buffer on the surface of the glass beads. formation of the thin film was associated with hygroscopicity of the buffer used to suspend the enzyme in preparation of the enzyme-coated beads. at some buffer concentrations estimated to be on ... | 1991 | 1367174 |
| production of pectin methylesterase from erwinia chrysanthemi b374 in bacillus subtilis. | the gene coding for pectin methylesterase (pme) of erwinia chrysanthemi b374 (pme) was cloned by a polymerase chain reaction. the pme gene was expressed in bacillus subtilis using a secretion vector based on the promoter and signal sequence of the alpha-amylase gene from b. amyloliquefaciens. the cultivation of b. subtilis cells carrying the cloned pme resulted in efficient secretion of pme into the culture medium based on enzymatic and sodium dodecyl sulphate-poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis ... | 1991 | 1367534 |
| whole animals for wholesale protein production. | | 1992 | 1368979 |
| specificity and t cell receptor beta chain usage of a human collagen type ii-reactive t cell clone derived from a healthy individual. | collagen type ii (cii) is a cartilage-specific matrix compound well known as an inducer of an experimental, t cell-dependent autoimmune arthritis, a disease which shows some similarities to human rheumatoid arthritis. here we report on an hla-dr7-restricted human cd4 t cell clone (tc9), which was isolated from a healthy donor and recognizes human cii. after screening cnbr fragments of cii and tryptic fragments derived thereof, the t cell epitope could be mapped to amino acid residues 271-285 of ... | 1992 | 1370417 |
| characterization of an 18,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein of haemophilus ducreyi that contains a conserved surface-exposed epitope. | identification of antigenically conserved surface components of haemophilus ducreyi may facilitate the development of reagents to diagnose and prevent chancroid. a hybridoma derived from a mouse immunized with nontypeable haemophilus influenzae produced a monoclonal antibody (mab), designated 3b9, that bound to 35 of 35 h. ducreyi strains isolated from diverse geographic regions. the mab 3b9 bound to a non-heat-modifiable h. ducreyi outer membrane protein (omp) whose apparent molecular weight wa ... | 1992 | 1370430 |
| characteristics of a glycoprotein in the ocular surface glycocalyx. | a monoclonal antibody has been produced that binds to the apical squames (flattened cells) of the rat ocular surface epithelium and to the goblet cells of the conjunctiva. immunoelectron microscopic localization of the antigen indicates that in apical cells it is present along the apical-microplical membrane in the region of the glycocalyx. in subapical squames, the antigen is in cytoplasmic vesicles. in some goblet cells, the antigen is in the golgi network, and in others, it is located primari ... | 1992 | 1370440 |
| termination of second messenger signaling in olfaction. | by using isolated rat olfactory cilia and a fast kinetics methodology, it has been demonstrated that odorant-induced second messenger signaling in the millisecond time range is terminated via phosphorylation reactions catalyzed by specific protein kinases. the cyclic adenosine nucleotide pathway is turned off by kinase a activity, whereas the inositol trisphosphate cascade is terminated by kinase c. the data support the concept that desensitization of odorant responses involves phosphorylation o ... | 1992 | 1370581 |
| biochemical and functional characterization of the leucocyte tyrosine phosphatase cd45 (cd45ro, 180 kd) from human neutrophils. in vivo upregulation of cd45ro plasma membrane expression on patients undergoing haemodialysis. | the biochemical and functional characterization, and the regulation of plasma membrane expression of the leucocyte tyrosine phosphatase cd45, have been investigated in neutrophils from healthy donors and patients undergoing haemodialysis. cd45 proteins of 180 kd and 130-150 kd were precipitated from neutrophils from both healthy subjects and haemodialysed patients. prolonged storing, as well as trypsin treatment of samples containing the 180-kd cd45 protein, generated the 130-150-kd polypeptides ... | 1992 | 1370931 |
| [respiratory infections associated with lung cancer]. | we have analyzed the clinical significance of secondary infections associated with lung cancer patients. the incidence of secondary infections was 51.4% in 214 in-patients with lung cancer admitted to our institution in 1988 and 1989, and almost all of them had respiratory tract infections. the incidence was high in patients with cell types other than adenocarcinoma, and in those with hypoproteinemia, impaired cellular immunity and obstruction of the airway. the prognosis in patients with infect ... | 1992 | 1371046 |
| lipooligosaccharides (los) of some haemophilus species mimic human glycosphingolipids, and some los are sialylated. | the lipooligosaccharides (los) of strains of haemophilus ducreyi, neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, and neisseria lactamica contain epitopes that are antigenically and structurally similar to carbohydrates present in human glycosphingolipids. los from strains of haemophilus influenzae and h. influenzae biogroup aegyptius were tested for the binding of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that bind to human glycosphingolipids possessing gal beta 1-4glcnac (mab 3f11) and gal alpha 1-4gal beta ... | 1992 | 1372291 |
| stable, conserved outer membrane epitope of strains of haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius associated with brazilian purpuric fever. | brazilian purpuric fever is a rapidly fatal childhood disease associated with a clonal strain of haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius. we describe a conserved, surface-exposed epitope present on 95% of h. influenzae biogroup aegyptius isolates that are associated with brazilian purpuric fever. this epitope, defined by reaction with the monoclonal antibody 8g3, is on or associated with the 48-kda heat-modifiable p1 protein. the epitope is absent on strains of h. influenzae biogroup aegyptius ... | 1992 | 1372293 |
| monoclonal antibodies specific to porin of haemophilus influenzae type b: localization of their cognate epitopes and tests of their biological activities. | the major outer membrane protein of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) is porin (mr 38,000, 341 amino acids). to identify antigenic determinants on hib porin that might be exposed at the bacterial cell surface, seven mouse monoclonal anti-hib porin antibodies were generated. the monoclonal antibodies were tested for their binding to intact cells by flow cytometry; all but one bound to the cell surface. digestions of hib porin with cyanogen bromide, hydroxylamine or trypsin generated fragments, ... | 1992 | 1372679 |
| localization of conserved b-cell epitopes among encapsulated and non-encapsulated haemophilus influenzae p2 porin proteins using synthetic peptides. | the p2 outer membrane protein of haemophilus influenzae belongs to a class of apparently ubiquitous proteins in gram-negative bacteria that function as porins. murine hybridomas raised to the p2 protein and synthetic peptides were used to investigate the structural and antigenic relationships among p2 proteins of encapsulated and non-encapsulated h. influenzae. three monoclonal antibodies (mabs), p2-17, p2-18 and p2-19, recognizing epitopes on the p2 protein, as shown by western immunoblotting o ... | 1992 | 1372928 |