| 11-ketotestosterone induces male-type sexual behavior and gonadotropin secretion in gynogenetic crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | to determine if a gynogenetic teleost might have a sexually bipotential brain, we tested whether implantation of 11-ketotestosterone (kt) induces male-type sexual behavior and gonadotropin (gth) secretion in adult gynogenetic crucian carp, "ginbuna," carassius auratus langsdorfii. kt-implanted female ginbuna were tested for male spawning behavior by pairing them with a stimulus female in which sexual receptivity and attractivity were induced by prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pg) injection. when kt-imp ... | 1999 | 10417231 |
| the graft-versus-host reaction (gvhr) in the ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | a model system of clonal triploid ginbuna and tetraploid ginbuna-goldfish hybrids was employed to demonstrate the presence of graft-versus-host reaction (gvhr) in a teleost fish. tetraploid scale grafts on triploid clone members evoked an acute rejection, whereas the reverse transplants were accepted. when sensitized triploid cells were injected into tetraploid recipients, a typical gvhr was induced, leading to death of the recipients within one month. the onset of illness appeared about one wee ... | 2006 | 10220065 |
| modulation of desensitization at glutamate receptors in isolated crucian carp horizontal cells by concanavalin a, cyclothiazide, aniracetam and pepa. | in horizontal cells freshly dissociated from crucian carp (carassius auratus) retina, we examined the effects of modulators of glutamate receptor desensitization, concanavalin a, cyclothiazide, aniracetam and 4-[2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio]-2,6-difluoro-phenoxyacetam ide (pepa), on responses to rapid application of glutamate and kainate, using whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. incubation of concanavalin a suppressed the peak response but weakly potentiated the equilibrium response of hor ... | 1999 | 10199629 |
| desensitization of ampa receptors on horizontal cells isolated from crucian carp retina. | in horizontal cells freshly dissociated from crucian carp (carassius auratus) retina, we recorded the whole-cell responses to rapid application of glutamate, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (ampa) and kainate. currents induced by glutamate and ampa, but not by kainate, usually showed extremely rapid desensitization. 1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-methylcarbamyl- 4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-3,4-dihydro-5h-2,3-benzodiazepine (gyki 53655), a selective ampa receptor antagonist, was fou ... | 1998 | 9700718 |
| influence of dioxin and metal-contaminated sediment on phase i and ii biotransformation enzymes in silver crucian carp. | several biochemical responses were measured in silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) after exposure to sediments obtained from contaminated ya-er lake, no. 1 pond, and an unpolluted reference site, honglian lake. after 1 week of exposure, a significant induction of the phase i biotransformation enzyme (ethoxylresorufin-o-deethylase, erod) was found (83-fold of control), whereas the phase ii biotransformation enzyme (glutathione s-transferase, gst) exhibited a slight, but significant in ... | 1998 | 9679686 |
| characterization of repetitive dna sequences carrying 5s rdna of the triploid ginbuna (japanese silver crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfi). | repetitive dna sequences (hi-b; 209 bp in length) were isolated from the hindiii digests of the genomic dna of the triploid ginbuna, carassius auratus langsdorfi. sequence analyses revealed that the hi-b repetitive units were comprised of the complete coding regions of 5s rdna (120 bp in size) and their 5'flanking regions. the sequences of the hi-b units from the same individual were highly homogeneous. southern blot hybridization to the hi-b probe displayed intricate patterns that represented t ... | 1998 | 9546204 |
| a family of highly repetitive dnas from "ginbuna" (carassius auratus langsdorfi) genome common to carassius auratus populations. | a family of highly repetitive dnas (hi-a) in the genome from a population of the crucian carp, tentatively identified as the ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi), was isolated from the hindiii digests and characterized. the hi-a monomer (268 or 269 bp) was at-rich (64.9%) with internal repetitive oligomers. the nucleotide similarity among monomers within the same individual was 88-98%, whose sequence alterations occurred mostly at restricted sites. hybridization analyses revealed that the hi-a ... | 1997 | 9450387 |
| the cardiac internuncial cell in carassius auratus longsdorffii and other 19 teleost species: a fine-structural study. | thin-section studies of the sino-auricular border region in the hearts of 20 species of teleost fish revealed the cardiac internuncial cell (cic), hitherto known only in misgurnus, to occur also in 8 species (acheilognathus lanceolatus, carassius auratus longsdorffii, cyprinus carpio, girella punctata, kareius bicoloratus, rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus, rhyncopelates oxyrhynchus, tilapia nilotica), but to be absent in the other 12 species. there was an indication that the cic was close in nature t ... | 1997 | 9412743 |
| polyploid-specific repetitive dna sequences from triploid ginbuna (japanese silver crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfi). | repetitive dna sequences (cal3ndr) in the genome of a triploid ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi) were isolated from the drai digests of the genomic dna. this at-rich (61%) cal3ndr monomer was 137 bp in length. the nucleotide similarity among the monomers from the same individual was considerably high (above 97%). hybridization analyses revealed that the cal3ndr sequences were organized into tandem arrays. these dna sequences were present only in triploid and tetraploid ginbunas and were abs ... | 1997 | 9265737 |
| vip-like immunoreactivity in the intestinal tract of fish with different feeding habits. | we studied the distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactive (vip-ir) cells and fibres in the intestine of three fish species with different feeding habits: the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix), the goldfish (carassius auratus), and the pumpkinseed sunfish (lepomis gibbosus). each species was divided into two groups: (1) fish fed once a day up until sacrifice and (2) fish fed once a day and then fasted three days before sacrifice. immunoreactive endocrine cells and fi ... | 1997 | 9174846 |
| in vitro effects of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane on in vitro biosynthesis and metabolism of steroids in goldfish carassius auratus. | testicular and ovarian fragments of carassius auratus, taken during the reproductively active prespawning phase (june) of its annual reproductive cycle, were incubated with different concentrations (0 mg/ml, 0 ppm; 0.001 mg/ml, 1 ppm; 0.01 mg/ml, 10 ppm; and 0.02 mg/ml, 20 ppm) of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch) in the presence of either exogenous precursor [3h]-17-hydroxyprogesterone ([3h]17-p) or carp hypophyseal homogenate. the free (unconjugated) and conjugated metabolites (glucuroni ... | 1996 | 8812183 |
| isolation and characterization of two distinct growth hormone cdnas from the goldfish, carassius auratus. | as a first step toward the development of a ribonuclease protection assay for studying the regulation of growth hormone (gh) gene expression in pituitary cells of the goldfish, carassius auratus, we report the isolation of two cdna clones encoding goldfish gh from a cdna library prepared from pituitary poly(a)+ rna. the complete nucleotide sequences of these two gh cdna clones have been determined and both of them were predicted to encode a polypeptide of 210 amino acids (aa) including a putativ ... | 1996 | 8651695 |
| characterization of growth hormone binding sites in the goldfish,carassius auratus: effects of hypophysectomy and hormone injection. | a recombinant carp growth hormone (rcgh) was used to develop for a gh radioreceptor binding assay in the goldfish (carassius auratus). specific binding of(125)i-rcgh to goldfish liver membranes was a ph, time, temperature, and membrane protein dependent process. scatchard and ligand analysis indicated a single class of high affinity and low capacity binding site, with an association constant (ka) of 1.9×10(10) m(-1) and a maximum binding capacity (bmax) of 9 fmol mg(-1) protein. liver tissue dis ... | 1996 | 24194089 |
| [changes in the nucleolar characteristics in fish embryo cells under the action of low doses of radiation]. | the nucleolus activity of fish embryo cells was stimulated by low-level radiation at a dose rate of 2-13 mgy/h. the size of nucleoli generally increased in embryos of cyprinus carpio, whereas the number of nucleoli was greater in embryos of carassius auratus gibelio. the higher the functional activity of nucleolus is, the more pronounced are changes in the characteristics. the size of single nucleolus at gastrulation is the most sensitive characteristic. | 2016 | 7581803 |
| a coccidian (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) with extracytoplasmally located stages in the kidney tubules of golden carp (carassius auratus gibelio l.) (cyprinidae). | numerous coccidian stages were found in the kidney tubules of the golden carp (carassius auratus gibelio). the merogonial and gamogonial stages were localized extracytoplasmally in the microvillous region of the epithelial cells. the host-parasite interface consisted of i) a large area where the parasite was separated from the host cytoplasm by the parasitophorous vacuole membrane only, and ii) a zone of multiple fusions of the host cell membrane investing the parasite to the neighbouring microv ... | 1993 | 8325562 |
| thermal acclimation and muscle contractile properties in cyprinid fish. | after several weeks of cold acclimation, the swimming performance of some fish is increased at low temperatures and decreased at high temperatures. the temperature compensation of locomotory activity involves changes in central patterns of muscle fiber recruitment and in the properties of the peripheral nervous system and muscle tissues. in some freshwater fish belonging to the family cyprinidae, including the goldfish (carassius auratus), the common carp (cyprinus carpio), and the roach (rutilu ... | 1990 | 2143635 |
| seasonal changes in serum gonadotropin, testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, and estradiol-17 beta levels and their relation to tumor burden in gonadal tumor-bearing carp x goldfish hybrids in the great lakes. | the hybrids of carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) collected from the lower great lakes between 1978 and 1981 exhibited a high frequency of gonadal neoplasms and apparent sterility, conditions which were rare in the parental species. a pronounced hyperplasia of gonadotropic cells in hybrids resulted in the accumulation of large stores of biologically active gonadotropin (gth) in the pituitary gland. serum gth levels were generally higher in hybrids than in carp collected from ... | 1990 | 2307342 |
| breakdown of the sperm nuclear envelope is a prerequisite for male pronucleus formation: direct evidence from the gynogenetic crucian carp carassius auratus langsdorfii. | the gynogenetic fish, carassius auratus langsdorfii (the ginbuna, a crucian carp), provides an interesting model for the study of the mechanisms controlling male pronucleus formation. when the sperm nucleus of a different subspecies (c. a. cuvieri) is incorporated into the gynogenetic egg, the nuclear envelope of the spermatozoon is not broken down, and the pronucleus fails to develop, although dispersion of the sperm chromatin occurs to some extent within the space limited by the nuclear envelo ... | 1990 | 2295362 |
| [new species of myxosporidians in the genus myxobolus (myxosporidia, myxobolidae) from cyprinid fishes of the amur river]. | five new species are described as follows: m. haematopterus from gills, fins and skin of cyprinus carpio haematopterus; m. gibelio from connective tissue of gill filaments, fin rays and kidneys of carassius auratus gibelio; myxobolus waleckii from gills of leuciscus waleckii; myxobolus junchisi from gills, muscles, kidneys and spleen of cyprinus carpio haematopterus; m. alacaudatus of cyprinus and carassius myxobolus divergens carassii from gills, muscles, fins, and cartilaginous tissue of operc ... | 2009 | 2947035 |
| separation and partial characterization by high-performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay of different forms of melanocyte-stimulating hormone from fish (cyprinidae) neurointermediate lobes. | from neurointermediate lobe (nil) extracts of two species of cyprinidae, carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio, several peptides were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) on a c18 mubondapak column eluted with a methanol/acetic acid/triethylamine mixture. monitoring all fractions by radioimmunoassay (ria) with an antibody against melanocyte-stimulating hormone (msh) c terminal gave positive reactions for fractions 7, 11-12, 15-16, 23-24, and 25-27. for further characterizat ... | 1985 | 2984088 |
| erythrocytic magnesium in freshwater fishes. | erythrocytic magnesium in rainbow and speckled trout (salmo gairdneri, salvelinus fontinalis) carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) was examined by correlation analyses involving weight, hemoglobin content, plasma magnesium, erythrocytic sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride and unidentified anion concentration and chloride equilibrium potential, and in relation to possible diurnal and seasonal variation as well as with respect to constant, diurnally cycling and progressively in ... | 1985 | 4046640 |
| the structure of the kidney from the freshwater teleost carassius auratus. | the structure of the kidney of the crucian carp (carassius auratus; a freshwater teleost, cypriniformes) was studied by means of reconstruction from serial paraffin and semithin sections. in c. auratus, the wolffian duct traverses the entire kidney. at various levels collecting ducts of different length and thickness join the wolffian duct at right angles. each collecting duct accepts a large number of connecting tubules, which are established by the joining of many nephrons. a regular pattern c ... | 1985 | 3985356 |
| nuclear transplantation in teleosts. hybrid fish from the nucleus of crucian and the cytoplasm of carp. | hybrid fish are obtained from the combination of nucleus and cytoplasm from two genera of fresh-water teleosts using the technique of nuclear transplantation (i.e. the combination of the nucleus of crucian (carassius auratus) and the cytoplasm of carp (cyprinus carpio]. morphological characteristics of these hybrid fish that have been examined so far indicate that some features such as barbs, pharyngeal teeth, the number of scales along the lateral line, and the number of vertebrae are similar t ... | 1984 | 6597566 |
| morphologic changes in teleost primary and secondary retinal cells following brief exposure to light. | light adaptive morphologic changes in the teleost retina, such as movements of rods, cones, and epithelial pigment and spinule formation on horizontal cell terminals, are normally associated with continual exposure to light. depending on a variety of factors these processes are generally completed within 30-60 min. in this report we show that a brief exposure to light (1-2 min) preceded and followed by darkness is sufficient to elicit these changes in four species of teleost; the trout (salmo ga ... | 1983 | 6826311 |
| histological and enzyme histochemical studies on the nephrons of the freshwater fishes, cyprinus carpio and carassius auratus. | the nephrons of carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) were examined histologically and also histochemically for enzymes. in both species the distal and collecting tubules have much wider lumens than do the other renal tubules; thus urine probably flows more slowly in these larger tubules. enzyme histochemistry shows that epithelium of the neck and proximal and intermediate tubules respires anaerobically, whereas that of the distal and collecting tubules respires aerobically. th ... | 1982 | 6286982 |
| isozyme expression in f1 hybrids between carp and goldfish. | interspecific genetic differences in malate dehydrogenase (mdh), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), superoxide dismutase (sod), and esterase (est) isozymes in carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) were used to examine the allelic expressions in the hybrid between these species. a unique liver sod and muscle ldh phenotype unambiguously identifies all presumed hybrid individuals. there was no evidence of f2 or backcross phenotypes in hybrid individuals. liver mdh and est phenotypes in ... | 1982 | 7092795 |
| histological observation of some of the endocrine glands in the sterile carp-funa hybrid (f1), with special reference to the hypophysis. | some endocrine glands of the carp-funa hybrids were studied with a light microscope to elucidate their detailed structure and the possible causal factor of sterility in the males. adult specimens of carp (cyprinus carpio), gengoroh-buna (carassius auratus cuvieri), and their hybrid (f1) were examined. the hybrid males are sterile as manifested by the failure of meiosis and seminomatous neoplasm in their testes. the hybrid females revealed well-developed ovaries, but their fertility was not teste ... | 1979 | 539886 |
| the effect of training on the swimming muscles of the goldfish (carassius auratus). | goldfish (carassius auratus) were exercised continuously for periods of 28 days at swimming speeds of 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 body lengths per second and their rates of growth were determined. changes in muscle fibre size were examined, as were changes which occurred in the concentrations of the major chemical constituents of these cells. these fish, typical of the carp family in that they are found only in still or slowly moving water, did not adapt well to the flowing water environment at any swimmin ... | 1978 | 670869 |
| distribution of fibres reacting with an alpha-endorphin antiserum in the neurohypophysis of carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio. | a strong positive immunoreaction with an alpha-endorphin antiserum occurs in two distinct sites of the goldfish and carp neurohypophysis. fluorescent nerve terminals are found in the laminar nerve processes located in the rostral pars distalis, but the immunocytological reaction is mainly localised on the nerve processes of the posterior neurohypophysis lying between the intermediate lobe cells. almost all the digitations of the neurohypophysis are strongly fluorescent. the immunoreactive fibres ... | 1978 | 657242 |
| [immunocytological localization of peptide analogs of alpha-endorphin in several neurons of the lateral nucleus tuberis of carassius auratus l. and cyprinus carpio l]. | neurons of the pars lateralis of the n.l.t. of carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio display a positive immunocytological reaction with an anti alpha-endorphin serum. it is assumed that the peptides produced by these neurons are similar, if not identical, with alpha-endorphin, but their morphinomimetic properties have still to be established. peptides of this kind may participate in the regulation of pituitary functions. | 1977 | 413644 |
| vegetalising factor extracted from the fish swimbladder and tested on presumptive ectoderm oftriturus embryos. | vegetalising factor was isolated from swimbladder of crusian carp (carassius auratus) by solubilishing with 8 m urea the precipitate obtained after digesting the swimbladder with collagenase. the urea-soluble fraction vegetalised isolated presumptive ectoderm oftriturus gastrula and produced both undifferentiated mesodermal and endodermal cells. brief heating of the fraction changed its capacity to produce organised mesodermal tissues, such as notochord and somite, and the frequency of induction ... | 1977 | 28304885 |
| partial purification of the crowding factor from carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio. | | 1974 | 4362349 |
| isolation and partial characterization of immunoglobulins of goldfish (carassius auratus) and carp (cyprinus carpio). | | 1971 | 4100986 |
| biophysical and mechanical properties of red and white muscle fibres in fish. | 1. the electrical properties of red muscle fibres of the silver carp (carassius auratus (linné)) were investigated and compared with those of white fibres. the resting membrane potential of red muscle was -73.1 mv, and of white muscle -82.4 mv. the effective resistance of fibre, time constant and space constant were 1.43 momega, 26.6 msec and 2.1 mm for red muscle and 1.0 momega, 48.4 msec and 1.9 mm for white muscle.2. the membrane capacitance in red muscle was 2.55 muf/cm(2) and in white muscl ... | 1969 | 5773577 |
| the epithelial components and their seasonal changes in the pituitary gland of the carp (cyprinus carpio, l.) and goldfish (carassius auratus, l.). | | 1951 | 24541276 |
| statistical investigation on carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio, with special reference to the number of vertebrae correlated with water temperature. | | 1948 | 18886429 |
| using accelerometry to quantify prey attack and handling behaviours in piscivorous pike esox lucius. | accelerometer technology was used to evaluate behaviours in the teleost ambush predator pike esox lucius foraging on crucian carp carassius carassius. automated rule-based estimates of prey-size determined handling time were obtained and are compared with video-recorded behaviours. solutions to tag attachment and the limitations imposed by battery-time and data-logging capacities are evaluated. | 2017 | 28393360 |
| species-specific and structure-dependent debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ether in fish by in vitro hepatic metabolism. | to explore the cause of species-specific differences and structure-activity relationships in the debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in fish, a series of in vitro measurements of hepatic metabolism of pbde were made using crucian carp (carassius carassius) and catfish (silurus asotus) and the activity of deiodinase in liver microsomes was measured. debromination was observed in the crucian carp but not in the catfish. no difference was found in total deiodinase activity despi ... | 2017 | 28135018 |
| does turbidity induced by carassius carassius limit phytoplankton growth? a mesocosm study. | it is well established that benthivorous fish in shallow lakes can create turbid conditions that influence phytoplankton growth both positively, as a result of elevated nutrient concentration in the water column, and negatively, due to increased attenuation of light. the net effect depends upon the degree of turbidity induced by the benthivores. stocked carassius carassius dominate the benthivorous fish fauna in many nutrient-rich chinese subtropical and tropical shallow lakes, but the role of t ... | 2017 | 28000069 |
| effects of prolonged anoxia on electrical activity of the heart in crucian carp (carassius carassius). | the effects of sustained anoxia on cardiac electrical excitability were examined in the anoxia-tolerant crucian carp (carassius carassius). the electrocardiogram (ecg) and expression of excitation-contraction coupling genes were studied in fish acclimatised to normoxia in summer (+18°c) or winter (+2°c), and in winter fish after 1, 3 and 6 weeks of anoxia. anoxia induced a sustained bradycardia from a heart rate of 10.3±0.77 beats min(-1) to 4.1±0.29 beats min(-1) (p<0.05) after 5 weeks, and hea ... | 2017 | 27872214 |
| glycogen dynamics of crucian carp (carassius carassius) in prolonged anoxia. | mobilization of glycogen stores was examined in the anoxic crucian carp (carassius carassius linnaeus). winter-acclimatized fish were exposed to anoxia for 1, 3, or 6 weeks at 2 °c, and changes in the size of glycogen deposits were followed. after 1 week of anoxia, a major part of the glycogen stores was mobilized in liver (79.5 %) and heart (75.6 %), and large decreases occurred in gill (46.7 %) and muscle (45.1 %). brain was an exception in that its glycogen content remained unchanged. the amo ... | 2016 | 27272729 |
| a systematic investigation into the environmental fate of microcystins and the potential risk: study in lake taihu. | a systematic investigation was conducted in lake taihu in autumn of 2013 and 2014, in order to understand the environmental fate of microcystins (mcs) and evaluate the health risk from mcs. samples of water, algal cells, macrophytes, shrimps and fish were taken to detect mcs by hplc-ms/ms after solid phase extraction. widespread mc contamination in water, algal cells, macrophytes, shrimps and fish was found in lake taihu. the ubiquitous presence of mcs in water, algal cells and biota was found i ... | 2016 | 27271667 |
| deltamethrin is toxic to the fish (crucian carp, carassius carassius) heart. | pyrethroids are extensively used for the control of insect pests and disease vectors. pyrethroids are regarded safe due to their selective toxicity: they are effective against insects but relatively harmless to mammals and birds. unfortunately, pyrethroids are very toxic to fishes. the high toxicity of pyrethroids to fishes is only partly explained by slow metabolic elimination of pyrethroids, suggesting that some molecular targets in vital organs of the fish body are sensitive to pyrethroids. t ... | 2016 | 27017879 |
| comparing radseq and microsatellites to infer complex phylogeographic patterns, an empirical perspective in the crucian carp, carassius carassius, l. | the conservation of threatened species must be underpinned by phylogeographic knowledge. this need is epitomized by the freshwater fish carassius carassius, which is in decline across much of its european range. restriction site-associated dna sequencing (radseq) is increasingly used for such applications; however, radseq is expensive, and limitations on sample number must be weighed against the benefit of large numbers of markers. this trade-off has previously been examined using simulation stu ... | 2016 | 26971882 |
| lowering temperature is the trigger for glycogen build-up and winter fasting in crucian carp (carassius carassius). | seasonal changes in physiology of vertebrate animals are triggered by environmental cues including temperature, day-length and oxygen availability. crucian carp (carassius carassius) tolerate prolonged anoxia in winter by using several physiological adaptations that are seasonally activated. this study examines which environmental cues are required to trigger physiological adjustments for winter dormancy in crucian carp. to this end, crucian carp were exposed to changing environmental factors un ... | 2016 | 26853873 |
| effect of copper on growth, digestive and antioxidant enzyme activities of juvenile qihe crucian carp, carassius carassius, during exposure and recovery. | the toxicity of copper (cu) on growth and activities of digestive and antioxidant enzymes in the hepatopancreas and intestine of juvenile qihe crucian carp carassius carassius was evaluated. the fish were exposed in different cu solutions for 20 days, and the 0.60 mg/l group was then transferred to clean water to initiate a 20-day recovery period after cu exposure. results showed that all enzyme activities decreased significantly at high-concentration (0.30 and 0.60 mg/l) and long-time (20 days) ... | 2016 | 26781633 |
| neurobehavioral alterations plus transcriptional changes of the heat shock protein 90 and hypoxia inducible factor-1α in the crucian carp exposed to copper. | the various physiological alterations caused by copper (cu) exposure in fish have attracted great interests toward neuronal strategies against cu toxicity. here, neurobehavioral activities (including anxiety-like behaviors) and transcriptional levels of heat shock protein (hsp)90 and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (hif-1α) were evaluated in the crucian carp (carassius carassius) treated with nominal sub-lethal higher (1.45mg/l) and lower (0.30mg/l) concentrations of cucl2. both concentrations a ... | 2016 | 26684263 |
| tissue distribution and whole body burden of the chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid f-53b in crucian carp (carassius carassius): evidence for a highly bioaccumulative contaminant of emerging concern. | following the global actions to phase out perfluoroctanesulfonic acid (pfos) a large number of alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, with poorly defined hazard properties, are being used in increasing quantities. here, we report on the first detection of the chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid f-53b in biological samples and determine the tissue distribution and whole body bioaccumulation factors (bafwhole body) in crucian carp (carassius carassius). analysis of fish sampl ... | 2015 | 26560673 |
| identification of a soluble leptin receptor in crucian carp with different binding affinity to leptin-a and leptin-b. | soluble leptin receptor (slepr) is the main leptin-binding protein in plasma and contributes to activation of circulating leptin. in this study, we identified a slepr in plasma of crucian carp (carassius carassius) using a pull-down assay, and the interaction of slepr with its ligand is confirmed by a cross-linking study. in addition, we found that leptin-a has higher affinity than leptin-b for slepr. according to our knowledge, this is the first experimental report about the main ligand of slep ... | 2016 | 26478266 |
| mixed input to olfactory glomeruli from two subsets of ciliated sensory neurons does not impede relay neuron specificity in the crucian carp. | the consensus view of olfactory processing is that the axons of receptor-specific primary olfactory sensory neurons (osns) converge to a small subset of glomeruli, thus preserving the odour identity before the olfactory information is processed in higher brain centres. in the present study, we show that two different subsets of ciliated osns with different odorant specificities converge to the same glomeruli. in order to stain different ciliated osns in the crucian carp carassius carassius we us ... | 2015 | 26347551 |
| application of dopaminergic antagonist: metoclopramide, in reproduction of crucian carp carassius carassius (l.) under controlled conditions. | the effectiveness of ovopel (two pellets/kg body weight), a complex of [d-ala(6) pro(9)net-mgnrh] and dopamine antagonist (da e.g. metoclopramide, met), was compared with the application met alone at the dose of 20mg/kg body weight in spawning crucian carp carassius carassius (l.) in the present study. ovulation and spermation rates were greater after met application (90% and 100%, respectively) in comparison to the ovopel (80% and 87.5%, respectively) when used as a broodstock reproductive stim ... | 2015 | 26254249 |
| molecular basis and drug sensitivity of the delayed rectifier (ikr) in the fish heart. | fishes are increasingly used as models for human cardiac diseases, creating a need for a better understanding of the molecular basis of fish cardiac ion currents. to this end we cloned kcnh6 channel of the crucian carp (carassius carassius) that produces the rapid component of the delayed rectifier k(+) current (ikr), the main repolarising current of the fish heart. kcnh6 (ccerg2) was the main isoform of the kv11 potassium channel family with relative transcript levels of 98.9% and 99.6% in cruc ... | 2016 | 26215639 |
| dietary habits of invasive ponto-caspian gobies in the croatian part of the danube river basin and their potential impact on benthic fish communities. | invasive ponto-caspian (p-c(1)) gobies have recently caused dramatic changes in fish assemblage structures throughout the danube basin. while their presence in the croatian part of the basin has been noted and distribution studied, their dietary habits and impacts on native fish communities have, until now, been unknown. in 2011, 17 locations in the sava river basin were sampled for fish and 15 for benthic invertebrates. fish population monitoring data, available for nine seasons (2003-2006 and ... | 2016 | 26054972 |
| [the effect of magnetic fields on the activity of proteinases and glycosidases in the intestine of the crucian carp carassius carassius]. | it has been demonstrated by the example of the crucian carp (carassius carassius) that a 1-hour stay of fish in a combined magnetic field with resonance parameters for calcium ions decreases the proteolytic and amylolytic activities of their intestinal enzymes. it has been found that a 1-hour exposure to a combined magnetic field with resonance parameters for potassium ions has almost no effect on the activity of proteinases, but it decreases the amylolytic activity. it has been noted that the a ... | 2016 | 25872402 |
| hypoxia tolerance, nitric oxide, and nitrite: lessons from extreme animals. | among vertebrates able to tolerate periods of oxygen deprivation, the painted and red-eared slider turtles (chrysemys picta and trachemys scripta) and the crucian carp (carassius carassius) are the most extreme and can survive even months of total lack of oxygen during winter. the key to hypoxia survival resides in concerted physiological responses, including strong metabolic depression, protection against oxidative damage and-in air-breathing animals-redistribution of blood flow. each of these ... | 2015 | 25729057 |
| a reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of multiple mycotoxins in fresh fish and dried seafoods. | a reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) method was developed for simultaneous determination of nine mycotoxins, i.e., aflatoxin b1 (afb1), aflatoxin b2 (afb2), aflatoxin g1 (afg1), aflatoxin g2 (afg2), ochratoxin a (ota), zearalenone (zen), t-2 toxin, ht2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (don), in fresh fish (muscle and entrails) as well as dried seafoods. special focus was given to sample pretreatment which is crucial for an accurate and reliable analytical method. with reg ... | 2015 | 25711425 |
| [the effect of weak low-frequency magnetic fields on the intracellular calcium-dependent proteinases of fish]. | the in vivo and in vitro effects of weak, low-frequency magnetic fields with resonance parameters for calcium ions upon intracellular calcium-dependent proteinases (calpains) in the crucian carp (carassius carassius (l.) and roach (rutilus rutilus (l.) were studied. it has been revealed that the impact of a weak low-frequency magnetic field leads to considerable decrease in the activity of calpains in the fish skeletal muscles and brain. | 2016 | 25518552 |
| phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals and intersex in wild crucian carp from hun river, china. | this study investigated the concentrations of phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (edcs) and the incidence of ovo-testis (intersex) in wild crucian carp (carassius carassius) sampled from the hun river. as expected, nonylphenols (np) and bisphenol a (bpa) were detected in all samples, and octylphenols (op) were found in most samples. np concentrations ranged from 1290 ± 584 to 3111 ± 2071 ng g(-1) wet weight (ww) in july and from 1132 ± 644 to 1556 ± 587 ng g(-1) ww in november; op ranged fr ... | 2015 | 25465957 |
| oxygen- and temperature-dependent expression of survival protein kinases in crucian carp (carassius carassius) heart and brain. | living without oxygen is limited to very few vertebrates, one species being the fresh water fish crucian carp (carassius carassius), which can survive months of anoxia at low temperatures. mammalian heart and brain are particularly intolerant to oxygen deprivation, yet these organs can be conditioned to display increased resistance, possibly due to activation of several protein kinases. we hypothesized increased phosphorylation status of these kinases in hypoxic and anoxic crucian carp heart and ... | 2015 | 25377478 |
| life without oxygen: gene regulatory responses of the crucian carp (carassius carassius) heart subjected to chronic anoxia. | crucian carp are unusual among vertebrates in surviving extended periods in the complete absence of molecular oxygen. during this time cardiac output is maintained though these mechanisms are not well understood. using a high-density cdna microarray, we have defined the genome-wide gene expression responses of cardiac tissue after exposing the fish at two temperatures (8 and 13 °c) to one and seven days of anoxia, followed by seven days after restoration to normoxia. at 8 °c, using a false disco ... | 2014 | 25372666 |
| molecular cytogenetic analysis of the crucian carp, carassius carassius (linnaeus, 1758) (teleostei, cyprinidae), using chromosome staining and fluorescence in situ hybridisation with rdna probes. | the crucian carp carassius carassius (linnaeus, 1758) is a species with restricted and decreasing distribution in europe. six males and six females of the species from the baltic sea basin in poland were examined to show sequentially cma3/agno3 staining pattern, dapi staining, and, for the first time in literature, molecular cytogenetic analysis using double-colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (fish) with 28s and 5s rdna probes. the karyotype consisted of 20 m, 36 sm and 44 sta chromosomes ... | 2014 | 25349674 |
| fatty acid composition of the muscle lipids of five fish species in işıklı and karacaören dam lake, turkey. | total fatty acid composition of muscle lipids in some fish species (cyprinus carpio (işıklı dam lake), tinca tinca (işıklı dam lake), scardinius erythrophthalmus (işıklı dam lake), cyprinus carpio (karacaören dam lake), and carassius carassius (karacaören dam lake)) was determined by gas chromatography. polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) of cyprinus carpio (işıklı dam lake) were found higher than pufa of other species. palmitic acid was the highest saturated fatty acid (sfa) in tinca tinca (24. ... | 2014 | 25143856 |
| assessment of endosulfan induced genotoxicity and mutagenicity manifested by oxidative stress pathways in freshwater cyprinid fish crucian carp (carassius carassius l.). | over the past few decades, endosulfan, one of the polychlorinated pesticides still in use, has received considerable attention of a number of international regulations and restriction action plans worldwide. this study aimed to evaluate the cytogenetic effects of endosulfan using robust genotoxicity assays, along with the oxidative stress pathways in order to understand biochemical mechanism, in carassius carassius l. the lc50-96 h (95% confidence limits) value of endosulfan was 0.070 (0.046-0.0 ... | 2015 | 25128633 |
| a new potassium ion current induced by stimulation of m2 cholinoreceptors in fish atrial myocytes. | a novel potassium ion current induced by muscarinic stimulation (ikach2) is characterized in atrial cardiomyocytes of teleost fishes (crucian carp, carassius carassius; rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss) by means of the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. the current is elicited in atrial, but not ventricular, cells by application of carbamylcholine (cch) in moderate to high concentrations (10(-7)-10(-4) mol l(-1)). it can be distinguished from the classic ikach, activated by the βγ-subunit of th ... | 2014 | 24526726 |
| evaluation of the interactive effects of lead, zinc and benzo(k)fluoranthene on crucian carp, carassius carassius, using a multiple biomarker approach. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the interactive effects of the metals lead (pb) and zinc (zn) and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo(k)fluoranthene (bkf) on crucian carp (carassius carassius). to this end, various biomarkers in the fish [7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod); superoxide dismutase (sod); malondialdehyde (mda) and metallothioneins (mt)] were measured after 96 h of exposure. when compared to either treatment with pb and zn mixtures or bkf-only treatment, the treatment ... | 2014 | 24500392 |
| use of heat shock protein mrna expressions as biomarkers in wild crucian carp for monitoring water quality. | in organisms, the production of heat shock proteins (hsps) can be induced after exposure to various stressors. in the present study, partial cdna sequences encoding of hsp30, hsp60, hsp70, and hsp90 genes were isolated and sequenced in the crucian carp (carassius carassius). next, quantitative real-time reverse transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) assays normalized to beta-actin were developed to quantify hsp mrna expression. the same methods were used to detect hsp mrna expression in the wild crucian ca ... | 2014 | 24370851 |
| karyotype and chromosome banding of endangered crucian carp, carassius carassius (linnaeus, 1758) (teleostei, cyprinidae). | the karyotype and other chromosomal characteristics the crucian carp (carassius carassius (linnaeus, 1758)) were revealed by means of conventional banding protocols (c, cma3, agnor). the diploid chromosome number (2n) in this species was 100. its karyotype was composed of 10 pairs of metacentric, 18 pairs of submetacentric and 22 pairs of subtelo- to acrocentric chromosomes without any microchromosomes. c-banding identified blocks of telomeric heterochromatin on seven chromosome pairs. the nors ... | 2013 | 24260701 |
| species- and chamber-specific responses of 12 kda fk506-binding protein to temperature in fish heart. | the sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) ca(2+) release channel or ryanodine receptor (ryr) of the vertebrate heart is regulated by the fk506-binding proteins, fkbp12 and fkbp12.6. this study examines whether temperature-related changes in the sr function of fish hearts are associated with changes in fkbp12 expression. for this purpose, a polyclonal antibody against trout fkbp12 was used to compare fkpb12 expression in cold-acclimated (4 °c, ca) and warm-acclimated (18 °c, wa) rainbow trout (oncorhynchus ... | 2014 | 24048915 |
| inhibition of the cardiac inward rectifier potassium currents by kb-r7943. | kb-r7943 (2-[2-[4-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl]isothiourea) was developed as a specific inhibitor of the sarcolemmal sodium-calcium exchanger (ncx) with potential experimental and therapeutic use. however, kb-r7943 is shown to be a potent blocker of several ion currents including inward and delayed rectifier k(+) currents of cardiomyocytes. to further characterize kb-r7943 as a blocker of the cardiac inward rectifiers we compared kb-r7943 sensitivity of the background inward rectifier (ik1) an ... | 2013 | 23973826 |
| metacercariae of clinostomum schizothoraxi kaw, 1950 (digenea: clinostomatidae) in carassius carassius (linnaeus) under different environmental conditions. | this report addresses the possible impacts of local habitat characteristics on the metacercariae of clinostomum schizothoraxi kaw, 1950 infecting crucian carp, carassius carassius (linnaeus), from three lakes in kashmir. the lakes chosen encompass an extremely wide gradient in trophic status--manasbal (less polluted and mesotrophic), dal (moderately polluted and eutrophic) and anchar (strongly polluted and hypertrophic). the results indicate that infrapopulation-level descriptors of abundance of ... | 2013 | 23724736 |
| trophic status and helminth infracommunities of fish populations in kashmir himalayan lakes. | the present study considers the influence of the trophic status of three kashmir himalayan lakes on the patterns of helminth infracommunities in populations of three species of fish during 2006 to 2008. data were collected from three lakes of differing trophic status in the kashmir himalayas, namely anchar, a hyper(eu)trophic lake; dal, a eutrophic lake; and manasbal, a meso(eu)trophic lake. three species of fish examined included the native fish schizothorax niger heckel and two exotic species- ... | 2014 | 23510501 |
| excess post-hypoxic oxygen consumption is independent from lactate accumulation in two cyprinid fishes. | carassius carassius responds to hypoxic conditions by conversion of lactate into ethanol, which is excreted over the gills. however, a closely related species, cyprinus carpio, does not possess the ability to produce ethanol and would be expected to accumulate lactate during hypoxic exposure. while the increase in oxygen consumption in fish required following strenuous exercise or low environmental oxygen availability has been frequently considered, the primary contributing mechanism remains unk ... | 2013 | 23396307 |
| first report of blood parasites in fishes from kashmir and their effect on the haematological profile. | cyprinus carpio communis linnaeus, carassius carassius linnaeus, schizothorax curvifrons heckel and triplophysa marmorata species of fishes were captured from anchar lake and river jhelum of kashmir himalaya for hematological and parasitological analysis. during the investigation haemoflagellates from the genus babesiosoma and trypanosoma were recorded in the blood smears. trypanosomes were present in all the species except c. carpio, whereas babesiosoma were only found in t. marmorata. haematol ... | 2013 | 26623319 |
| temperature dependence of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum ca2+ atpase expression in fish hearts. | cardiac function in fish acclimates to long-term temperature shifts by generating compensatory changes in structure and function of sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) including the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum ca(2+)-atpase (serca2). the current study compares temperature responses of the cardiac serca in two fish species, burbot (lota lota) and crucian carp (carassius carassius), which differ in regard to thermal tolerance and activity pattern. burbot are cold stenothermal and cold-active, while cruci ... | 2013 | 23239195 |
| studies of ribonucleotide reductase in crucian carp-an oxygen dependent enzyme in an anoxia tolerant vertebrate. | the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, the precursors for dna. rnr requires a thiyl radical to activate the substrate. in rnr of eukaryotes (class ia rnr), this radical originates from a tyrosyl radical formed in reaction with oxygen (o(2)) and a ferrous di-iron center in rnr. the crucian carp (carassius carassius) is one of very few vertebrates that can tolerate several months completely without oxygen (anoxia), a trait tha ... | 2012 | 22916159 |
| seasonal development and pathological changes associated with the parasitic nematode philometroides sanguineus in wild crucian carp carassius carassius (l.) in england. | pathological changes associated with the parasitic nematode philometroides sanguineus (rudolphi, 1819) are described for the first time from observations of infections in wild crucian carp carassius carassius (l.) in england. the damage caused by p. sanguineus was influenced strongly by host size, parasite development and the seasonal migrations of female nematodes within host tissues. male and unfertilized female nematodes located on the swim-bladder wall caused only minor, localized changes. i ... | 2012 | 22824259 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the crucian carp, carassius carassius (cypriniformes, cyprinidae). | the complete mitochondrial genome of carassius carassius was determined to be 16,597 bp long circular molecule with a typical gene arrangement of vertebrate mitochondrial dna. its control region contains two copies of unit (ttcycaatataa) at 3' ends, which has never been reported before for carassius species. phylogenetic trees based on 12 protein-coding genes on heavy strand confirmed that the complete mtdna sequence of crucian carp was reported in this study for the first time. | 2012 | 22708851 |
| [effect of temperature on proteinase activities of enteral microbiota and intestinal mucosa of fish of different ecological group]. | effect of temperature on proteinases activities of enteral microbiota and of intestinal mucosa was studied in five fish species (roach rutilus rutilus, crucian carp carassius carassius, common perch perca fluviatilis, pike-perch zander lucioperca, and pike esox lucius) belonging by the nutrition type to different ecological groups. essential differences of temperature characteristics of proteinases of intestinal mucosa and of enteral microbiota are revealed in fish belonging by the nutrition typ ... | 2012 | 22645973 |
| infection level of monogenean gill parasite, diplozoon kashmirensis (monogenea, polyopisthocotylea) in the crucian carp, carassius carassius from lake ecosystems of an altered water quality: what factors do have an impact on the diplozoon infection? | monogeneans are of great interest to the ecologists because of their simple life cycle and are considered as one of the important and sensitive parasites to any changes in water quality. the monogenean gill parasite, diplozoon kashmirensis of the carassius carassius was examined with the aim to evaluate the infection level and the factors influencing the infection. our results showed that highest prevalence (34.22%) of d. kashmirensis was in the lake having high trophic status and least prevalen ... | 2012 | 22608705 |
| [hybridization of crucian carp, carassius carassius (linnaeus, 1758), in ukrainian reservoirs and genetic structure of hybrids]. | hybridization of crucian carps carassius carassius in polyspecific crucian populations of reservoirs of ukraine and genetic structure of the hybrids were investigated using biochemical gene marking and cytometric procedure. the fact of wide hybridization between c. auratus and c. carassius was proved to be true by large number of hybrids which can form populations consisting only from hybrid individuals. hybrids c. auratus x c. carassius were diploid, tryploid and in exceptional cases tetraploid ... | 2012 | 22420218 |
| intrinsic contractile properties of the crucian carp (carassius carassius) heart during anoxic and acidotic stress. | the crucian carp (carassius carassius) seems unique among vertebrates in its ability to maintain cardiac performance during prolonged anoxia. we investigated whether this phenomenon arises in part from a myocardium tolerant to severe acidosis or because the anoxic crucian carp heart may not experience a severe extracellular acidosis due to the fish's ability to convert lactate to ethanol. spontaneously contracting heart preparations from cold-acclimated (6-8°c) carp were exposed (at 6.5°c) to gr ... | 2011 | 21795637 |
| the detection of 3 leptin receptor isoforms in crucian carp gill and the influence of fasting and hypoxia on their expression. | to understand leptin signaling pathway in the crucian carp (carassius carassius), we cloned 3 leptin receptor isoform complementary dnas (ie, the long form [cclpr-l], the short form [cclpr-s1], and the secreted form [cclpr-s2]). variant cclpr-l had a 3,255-bp open reading frame and a complete intracellular domain with box 1 and box 2 consensus sequences. by contrast, cclpr-s1 contained only 4 amino acids in its intracellular domain, without the "box 1" motif, which is conserved among membrane-bo ... | 2011 | 21741575 |
| silver nanoparticles disrupt olfaction in crucian carp (carassius carassius) and eurasian perch (perca fluviatilis). | the present study investigates the effect of silver nanoparticles on olfaction in crucian carp (carassius carassius) and eurasian perch (perca fluviatilis). the electro-olfactogram (eog) signal was recorded by stimulating the olfactory epithelium with pulses of the odorant l-alanine during the pre-exposure, silver exposure and recovery periods, respectively. the nanosilver suspension concentrations applied were 0.00, 0.45 and 45 μg l⁻¹, respectively. secondly, to compare the toxicity of silver n ... | 2011 | 21570937 |
| seasonality of glycogen phosphorylase activity in crucian carp (carassius carassius l.). | seasonal changes in the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (gp), a rate-limiting enzyme of glycogen degradation, were examined in an anoxia-tolerant fish species, the crucian carp (carassius carassius l.). in muscle and brain, the activity of gp remained constant throughout the year when tested at 25°c. in contrast, the activities of liver and heart gp displayed striking increases in summer. when seasonal temperature changes are taken into account, the activity of gp during the anoxic mid-winter ... | 2011 | 21512743 |
| thermal adaptation of the crucian carp (carassius carassius) cardiac delayed rectifier current, iks, by homomeric assembly of kv7.1 subunits without mink. | ectothermic vertebrates experience acute and chronic temperature changes which affect cardiac excitability and may threaten electrical stability of the heart. nevertheless, ectothermic hearts function over wide range of temperatures without cardiac arrhythmias, probably due to special molecular adaptations. we examine function and molecular basis of the slow delayed rectifier k(+) current (i(ks)) in cardiac myocytes of a eurythermic fish (carassius carassius l.). i(ks) is an important repolarizi ... | 2011 | 21508292 |
| body mass dependence of glycogen stores in the anoxia-tolerant crucian carp (carassius carassius l.). | glycogen is a vital energy substrate for anaerobic organisms, and the size of glycogen stores can be a limiting factor for anoxia tolerance of animals. to this end, glycogen stores in 12 different tissues of the crucian carp (carassius carassius l.), an anoxia-tolerant fish species, were examined. glycogen content of different tissues was 2-10 times higher in winter (0.68-18.20% of tissue wet weight) than in summer (0.12-4.23%). in scale, bone and brain glycogen stores were strongly dependent on ... | 2011 | 21279319 |
| mutagenic impact on fish of runoff events in agricultural areas in south-west france. | when heavy rainfall follows herbicide application, the intense surface runoff causes stream water contamination. aquatic organisms are then briefly exposed to a complex mixture of contaminants. the aim of the present study is to investigate the genotoxic impact of such events on fish. a model fish, the crucian carp (carassius carassius) was exposed in controlled conditions, for 4 days, to water sampled daily in the save river (france). the watershed of this stream is representative of agricultur ... | 2011 | 20970859 |
| assessing the combination effects of environmental estrogens in fish. | the method on combined effects of environmental estrogens and mixture environmental risk assessment was discussed. batch tests were conducted to assess the in vivo potency of mixtures of estrogens using plasma vitellogenin concentrations in male crucian carp (carassius carassius) as the endpoint. a nonlinear regression was determined on the concentration response relationship for the single chemical of 17β-estradiol (e(2)), 17α-ethynylestradiol (ee(2)), 4-tert-octylphenol (op), bisphenol a (bpa) ... | 2010 | 20711811 |
| [effect of insulin on some characteristics of the food-procuring activity of the crucian carp carassius carassius]. | | 2011 | 20583586 |
| hypoxia tolerance in animals: biology and application. | many invertebrates and ectothermic vertebrates successfully cope with a fluctuating supply of ambient oxygen-and consequently, a highly variable tissue oxygenation-through increasing their antioxidant barriers. during chronic deprivation of oxygen, however, the hypometabolic defense mode of the fruit fly drosophila, the hypoxia-induced behavioral hypothermia of the crayfish pacifastacus leniusculus, and the production of ethanol during anoxia by the crucian carp carassius carassius all indicate ... | 2016 | 20565233 |
| sinoatrial tissue of crucian carp heart has only negative contractile responses to autonomic agonists. | in the anoxia-tolerant crucian carp (carassius carassius) cardiac activity varies according to the seasons. to clarify the role of autonomic nervous control in modulation of cardiac activity, responses of atrial contraction and heart rate (hr) to carbacholine (cch) and isoprenaline (iso) were determined in fish acclimatized to winter (4 degrees c, cold-acclimated, ca) and summer (18 degrees c, warm-acclimated, wa) temperatures. | 2010 | 20540719 |
| decreased temperature as a signal for regulation of heat shock protein expression in anoxic brain and heart: focus on "expression of heat shock proteins in anoxic crucian carp (carassius carassius): support for cold as a preparatory cue for anoxia". | | 2010 | 20410473 |
| expression of heat shock proteins in anoxic crucian carp (carassius carassius): support for cold as a preparatory cue for anoxia. | the crucian carp (carassius carassius) tolerates anoxia for days to months depending on temperature. during episodes of stress, heat shock proteins (hsps) are important for limiting cellular damage, mainly by ensuring protein function. accordingly, we hypothesized that anoxia would change the expression of hsps and that this response would be temperature dependent. real-time rt-pcr was used to investigate the effects of 1 and 7 days anoxia (a1 and a7) on the expression of hsp70a, hsp70b, hsc70, ... | 2010 | 20335373 |
| efficacy of benzocaine as an anaesthetic for crucian carp (carassius carassius). | to investigate the anaesthetic induction time and concentrations of stress markers in crucian carp (carassius carassius) subjected to different concentrations of benzocaine. | 2010 | 20230563 |
| comparison of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium content in atrial and ventricular myocytes of three fish species. | ryanodine (ry) sensitivity of cardiac contraction differs between teleost species, between atrium and ventricle, and according to the thermal history of the fish. the hypothesis that variability in ry sensitivity of contraction is due to species-specific, chamber-specific, and temperature-related differences in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) ca(2+) content, was tested by comparing steady-state (ss) and maximal (max) ca(2+) loads of the sr in three teleost fish, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykis ... | 2009 | 19692664 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of sox genes in the red crucian carp (carassius carassius red variety). | sox genes encode a family of transcription factors which are characterized by the conserved hmg domain and are involved in a diverse range of developmental processes. using degenerate primer pcr, 7 different sequences encoding the hmg domains of sox1, sox9 and sox1 1b were cloned and sequenced from genomic dna in the red crucian carp (carassius carassius red variety). in the case of sox1 and sox1 1b, we found evidence of gene duplication. in the phylogenetic tree, two paralogs of sox1 1b (sox1 1 ... | 2008 | 19137736 |
| expression of genes involved in gabaergic neurotransmission in anoxic crucian carp brain (carassius carassius). | the crucian carp, carassius carassius, survives days to months without oxygen, depending on temperature. in the anoxic crucian carp brain, increased gabaergic inhibition, mediated by increased extracellular levels of gaba, has been shown to suppress electric activity and atp consumption. to investigate an involvement of gene expression in this response, we utilized real-time rt-pcr to test the effect of 1 and 7 days anoxia (8 degrees c) on the expression of 22 genes, including nine gaba(a) recep ... | 2009 | 18957573 |
| female crucian carp, carassius carassius, lose predator avoidance behavior when getting ready to mate. | in predator-prey interactions, the prey often have to compromise fitness-related behaviors such as feeding, courting, and territorial defense in order to avoid predators. in these trade-off situations, some behaviors have priority over others. these priorities are not rigid, and may be context-dependent; for instance, many animals show increased risk-taking during courtship behavior by paying less attention to potential predators. we investigated whether the fright reaction, a stereotypical avoi ... | 2008 | 18937012 |
| differential regulation of amp-activated kinase and akt kinase in response to oxygen availability in crucian carp (carassius carassius). | we investigated whether two kinases critical for survival during periods of energy deficiency in anoxia-intolerant mammalian species, amp-activated kinase (ampk), and protein kinase b (akt), are equally important for hypoxic/anoxic survival in the extremely anoxia-tolerant crucian carp (carassius carassius). we report that phosphorylation of ampk and akt in heart and brain showed small changes after 10 days of severe hypoxia (0.3 mg o2/l at 9 degrees c). in contrast, anoxia exposure (0.01 mg o2/ ... | 2008 | 18922957 |
| effects of antalarmin, a crf receptor 1 antagonist, on fright reaction and endocrine stress response in crucian carp (carassius carassius). | the corticotrophin-releasing factor (crf) receptors show striking homogeneity throughout the vertebrate subphylum. in mammals, the crf(1) receptor (crfr(1)) plays an important role in mediating behavioral and endocrine responses to fear and stress. the specific roles of this receptor subtype in fear and stress reactions in non-mammalian vertebrates are largely unknown. crucian carp displays the olfactory-mediated fright reaction, a stereotypic behavioral response to waterborne cues from damaged ... | 2008 | 18830607 |