| rhodococcus equi infection after lung transplantation. | rhodococcus equi is an emerging opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. a lung transplant recipient developed weight loss, nonproductive cough, dyspnea, and somnolence. ct scan of the chest identified a pulmonary nodule and pleural changes in the right allograft that was due to r. equi infection. alteration of cellmediated immunity is a predisposing risk factor for r. equi infection in humans. this particular patient developed r. equi infection soon after a recent course of high-do ... | 2011 | 21513607 |
| biosynthesis of 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide by nitrile hydratase from a newly isolated cyanide-resistant strain of rhodococcus qingshengii. | cells of a new isolate of rhodococcus qingshengii harboring nitrile hydratase converted 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyronitrile into 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide (adba). cells also hydrated a broad range of substrates including saturated, unsaturated and cyclic aliphatic nitriles. the microorganism tolerated kcn and adba up to 5 mm and 40 g/l, respectively. at 10°c, adba reached 33.8 g/l (yield 84.5%) which was 2.5 times that at 30°c. | 2011 | 21516314 |
| pseudotumor of the tracheal-laryngeal junction with unusual morphologic features caused by rhodococcus equi infection. | infectious pseudotumors are unusual proliferations of histiocytes in response to certain microbial organisms. occasionally this process may involve large airways, producing a mass lesion that may cause respiratory obstruction. infectious pseudotumors can be confused with malignancy in their radiologic appearance and clinical presentation. we present a case of an aggressive endotracheal pseudotumor associated with rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with advanced hiv disease. microscopically, ... | 2011 | 21519873 |
| aerobic cometabolism of trichloroethene and cis-dichloroethene with benzene and chlorinated benzenes as growth substrates. | using inoculum from a microcosm study that exhibited aerobic transformation of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cdce) and trichloroethene (tce) commensurate with biodegradation of monoaromatic compounds, enrichment cultures were developed by providing benzene, chlorobenzene (cb), dichlorobenzene (dcb) isomers and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as carbon and energy sources. isolates that grow on benzene, cb, 1,2-dcb and 1,3-dcb were identified as rhodococcus, ralstonia, variovorax and ralstonia spp., respectively ... | 2011 | 21531438 |
| identification of dypb from rhodococcus jostii rha1 as a lignin peroxidase. | rhodococcus jostii rha1, a polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading soil bacterium whose genome has been sequenced, shows lignin degrading activity in two recently developed spectrophotometric assays. bioinformatic analysis reveals two unannotated peroxidase genes present in the genome of r. jostii rha1 with sequence similarity to open reading frames in other lignin-degrading microbes. they are members of the dyp peroxidase family and were annotated as dypa and dypb, on the basis of bioinformatic anal ... | 2011 | 21534568 |
| characterization of dye-decolorizing peroxidases from rhodococcus jostii rha1. | the soil bacterium rhodococcus jostii rha1 contains two dye-decolorizing peroxidases (dyps) named according to the subfamily they represent: dypa, predicted to be periplasmic, and dypb, implicated in lignin degradation. steady-state kinetic studies of these enzymes revealed that they have much lower peroxidase activities than c- and d-type dyps. nevertheless, dypa showed 6-fold greater apparent specificity for the anthraquinone dye reactive blue 4 (k(cat)/k(m) = 12800 ± 600 m(-1) s(-1)) than eit ... | 2011 | 21534572 |
| a diverse bacterial community in an anoxic quinoline-degrading bioreactor determined by using pyrosequencing and clone library analysis. | there is a concern of whether the structure and diversity of a microbial community can be effectively revealed by short-length pyrosequencing reads. in this study, we performed a microbial community analysis on a sample from a high-efficiency denitrifying quinoline-degrading bioreactor and compared the results generated by pyrosequencing with those generated by clone library technology. by both technologies, 16s rrna gene analysis indicated that the bacteria in the sample were closely related to ... | 2011 | 21538111 |
| imaging and pathological findings of aids complicated by pulmonary rhodococcus equi infection. | rhodococcus equi (r. equi) infection commonly occurs in grazing areas, especially in patients with aids or with t-lymphocyte immuno-deficiencies. literature reviews revealed that cases radiologically and pathologically diagnosed of aids complicated by r. equi infection are rare. this study aimed to investigate the imaging features and pathological basis of aids complicated by pulmonary r. equi infection. | 2011 | 21542951 |
| ntann12 annexin expression is induced by auxin in tobacco roots. | ntann12, encoding a polypeptide homologous to annexins, was found previously to be induced upon infection of tobacco with the bacterium rhodococcus fascians. in this study, ntann12 is shown to bind negatively charged phospholipids in a ca(2+)-dependent manner. in plants growing in light conditions, ntann12 is principally expressed in roots and the corresponding protein was mainly immunolocalized in the nucleus. ntann12 expression was inhibited following plant transfer to darkness and in plants l ... | 2011 | 21543519 |
| characterization of a newly isolated strain rhodococcus erythropolis zjb-09149 transforming 2-chloro-3-cyanopyridine to 2-chloronicotinic acid. | 2-chloronicotinic acid is receiving much attention for its effective applications as a key precursor in the synthesis of pesticides and medicines. in this study, a strain zjb-09149 converting 2-chloro-3-cyanopyridine to 2-chloronicotinic acid was newly isolated and identified as rhodococcus erythropolis, based on its physiological and biological tests, and 16s rdna sequence analysis. in addition, the effects of inducer, carbon source and nitrogen source were examined. maximum activity was achiev ... | 2011 | 21549865 |
| three types of antibiotics produced from rhodococcus erythropolis strains. | a total of 15 rhodococcus erythropolis strains were characterized as antibiotic producers and classified into three groups according to their antibiotic spectrum and growth compatibility (strains within a group did not inhibit each other's growth). each of the antibiotic groups exhibited antibiotic activity against a taxonomically different breadth of bacteria: group i exhibited antibiotic activity against a broad range of gram-positives; group ii, mainly against the genus rhodococcus and some o ... | 2008 | 21558704 |
| overexpression of a recombinant amidase in a complex auto-inducing culture: purification, biochemical characterization, and regio- and stereoselectivity. | rhodococcus erythropolis aj270 metabolizes a wide range of nitriles via the two-step nitrile hydratase/amidase pathway. in this study, an amidase gene from r. erythropolis aj270 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). the activity reached the highest level of 22.04 u/ml in a complex auto-inducing medium using a simplified process of fermentation operation. the recombinant amidase was purified to more than 95% from the crude lysate using ni-nta affinity chromatography and superos ... | 2011 | 21562846 |
| the vapa co-expressed virulence plasmid gene vcgb (orf10) of the intracellular actinomycete rhodococcus equi. | the virulence plasmid of the pathogenic actinomycete r. equi is essential for proliferation of this pathogen in macrophages and development of disease. the pathogenicity island of this plasmid encodes a family of virulence associated proteins (vap), one of which (vapa) is a virulence factor. this paper describes the vcgab operon (vapa co-expressed gene), located upstream of the vapa operon. transcription of the vcgab operon gave rise to transcripts with a half-life similar to those determined fo ... | 2011 | 21565932 |
| modeling horizontal gene transfer (hgt) in the gut of the chagas disease vector rhodnius prolixus. | abstract: background: paratransgenesis is an approach to reducing arthropod vector competence using genetically modified symbionts. when applied to control of chagas disease, the symbiont bacterium rhodococcus rhodnii, resident in the gut lumen of the triatomine vector rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae), is transformed to export cecropin a, an insect immune peptide. cecropin a is active against trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of chagas disease.while proof of concept has been achiev ... | 2011 | 21569540 |
| correlation of maple sap composition with bacterial and fungal communities determined by multiplex automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (marisa). | during collection, maple sap is contaminated by bacteria and fungi that subsequently colonize the tubing system. the bacterial microbiota has been more characterized than the fungal microbiota, but the impact of both components on maple sap quality remains unclear. this study focused on identifying bacterial and fungal members of maple sap and correlating microbiota composition with maple sap properties. a multiplex automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (marisa) method was developed to ... | 2011 | 21569942 |
| novel biodegradation pathways of cyclohexane by rhodococcus sp. ec1. | the metabolism of cyclohexanes by rodococcus sp. ec1 was investigated using a sequential tracking method of degradation intermediate. evidence for the formation of cyclohexanol, cyclohexaone, 2-cyclohexen-1-one, and phenol was presented. ec1 metabolized cyclohexane to phenol by aromatization of 2-cyclohexen-1-one, and furthermore gamma-butyrolactone as an intermediate of 2-cyclohexen-1-one was formed. aromatization by ec1 was confirmed using tetrahydrofuran. tetrahydrofuran was metabolized throu ... | 2011 | 21571424 |
| biphenyl hydroxylation enhanced by an engineered o-xylene dioxygenase from rhodococcus sp. strain dk17. | hydroxylation of the non-growth substrate biphenyl by recombinant o-xylene dioxygenases from rhodococcus sp. strain dk17 was studied through bioconversion experiments. the metabolites from the biphenyl hydroxylation by each enzyme were identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the l266f mutant enzyme produced much more 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2.43 vs. 0.1 μg/l) and 3-hydroxybiphenyl (1.97 vs. 0.03 μg/l) than the wild-type. site-directed mutagenesis combined with structural an ... | 2011 | 21575716 |
| degradation of pyridine by one rhodococcus strain in the presence of chromium (vi) or phenol. | a rhodococcus strain, chr-9, which has the ability to degrade pyridine and phenol and reduce chromium (vi) (cr (vi)) was isolated. the strain could grow with pyridine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, and its pyridine-degradation capability was enhanced by 100mgl(-1) phenol; however, the degradation of pyridine was inhibited when the phenol concentration was greater than 400mgl(-1). the hydroxylation of pyridine suggested that the stimulation and inhibition of phenol to the pyridine degrad ... | 2011 | 21592659 |
| evaluation of ft-ir spectroscopy as a tool to quantify bacteria in binary mixed cultures. | fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy is known as a high-resolution method for the rapid identification of pure cultures of microorganisms. here, we evaluated ft-ir as a method for the quantification of bacterial populations in binary mixed cultures consisting of pseudomonas putida and rhodococcus ruber. a calibration procedure based on principal component regression was developed for estimating the ratio of the bacterial species. data for method calibration were gained from pure cultu ... | 2011 | 21596070 |
| the potential of established turf cover for cleaning oily desert soil using rhizosphere technology. | the rhizosphere of two turf cover sorts; bermuda grass and american grass contained high numbers, 8.1 to 16.8 x 10(6) g(-1) of cultivable oil-utilizing and diazotrophic bacteria belonging predominantly to the genera agrobacterium, arthrobacter, pseudomonas, gordonia, and rhodococcus. those bacteria also grew on a nitrogen-free medium and demonstrated the ability to reduce acetylene to ethylene. these isolates grew on a wide range of n-alkanes (c9 to c40) and aromatic hydrocarbons, as sole source ... | 2011 | 21598783 |
| effects of a bacterial trehalose lipid on phosphatidylglycerol membranes. | bacterial trehalose lipids are biosurfactants with potential application in the biomedical/healthcare industry due to their interesting biological properties. given the amphiphilic nature of trehalose lipids, the understanding of the molecular mechanism of their biological action requires that the interaction between biosurfactant and membranes is known. in this study we examine the interactions between a trehalose lipid from rhodococcus sp. and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol membranes by means ... | 2011 | 21600191 |
| the genus dracunculus - a source of triacylglycerols containing odd-numbered ω-phenyl fatty acids. | reversed phase liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (rp-hplc/ms-apci) was used to identify and quantify triacylglycerols (tags) having odd-numbered ω-phenylalkanoic acids from seeds of the flower plant dracunculus vulgaris, and tags from the bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis prepared by precursor directed biosynthesis from phenylalanine and having the corresponding even-numbered ω-phenylalkanoic acids. model compounds, which are not commercially avail ... | 2011 | 21601894 |
| comparative genomics of the dormancy regulons in mycobacteria. | in response to stresses, mycobacterium cells become dormant. this process is regulated by the dosr transcription factor. in m. tuberculosis, the dormancy regulon is well-characterized and contains the dosr gene itself, doss and dost genes encoding dosr-kinases, nitroreductases (acg, rv3131), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat) rv3130c and many universal stress proteins (usps). in this study we apply the comparative genomic analysis to characterize the dosr regulon in nine mycobacterium genomes ... | 2011 | 21602344 |
| fadd19 of rhodococcus rhodochrous dsm43269: a steroid-coa ligase essential for degradation of c24-branched sterol side chains. | the actinobacterial cholesterol catabolic gene cluster contains a subset of genes that encode β-oxidation enzymes with a putative role in sterol side chain degradation. we investigated the physiological roles of several genes, i.e. fadd17, fadd19, fade26, fade27 and ro04690(dsm43269) by gene inactivation studies in mutant strain rg32 of rhodococcus rhodochrous dsm43269. mutant strain rg32 is devoid of 3-ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase (ksh) activity and was constructed following the identification, c ... | 2011 | 21602385 |
| biodegradation of phthalate esters in polluted soil by using organic amendment. | this study investigated the biodegradation of the phthalate esters (paes) di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) and di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (dehp) in sludge and sludge-amended soil. dbp (100 mg kg(-1)) and dehp (100 mg kg(-1)) were added to sewage sludge, which was subsequently added to soil. the results showed that sewage sludge can degrade paes and the addition of sewage sludge to soil enhanced pae degradation. sludge samples were separated into fractions with various particle size ranges, which spa ... | 2011 | 21614716 |
| kinetics of equid herpesvirus type 2 infections in a group of thoroughbred foals. | the significance of infection with equid herpevirus 2 (ehv-2) remains unresolved, mainly due to its widespread distribution, and frequent isolation of the virus not only from diseased animals, but also from clinically normal horses. it has been suggested that ehv-2 exerts its effects on the host indirectly, through predisposition to secondary infections. the aim of this study was to determine kinetics of ehv-2 infection among foals and to investigate the role that ehv-2 may play in development o ... | 2011 | 21616610 |
| immune response to rhodococcus equi atcc 33701-secreted proteins in mice and identification of immunogenic recombinant proteins by dot-blotting. | rhodococcus equi remains a significant pathogen, causing severe pneumonia in foals. the development of vaccines and serologic diagnosis could be greatly facilitated by studying the humoral immune response to this equine pathogen. in this study, a crude extract of r. equi atcc 33701-secreted proteins combined with the montanide® isa70 adjuvant was found to be highly immunogenic in mice with the highest titer of 99,000 on day 42 after the first subcutaneous immunization. this immune response was d ... | 2011 | 21621231 |
| cholesterol degradation by gordonia cholesterolivorans. | this paper reports physiological and genetic data about the type strain gordonia cholesterolivorans, a strain that is able to degrade steroid compounds containing a long carbon side chain such as cholesterol (c27), cholestenone (c27), ergosterol (c28) and stigmasterol (c29). the length of the carbon side chain appears to be of great importance for this bacterium, as the strain is unable to grow using steroids with a shorter or none aliphatic carbon side chain such as cholic acid (c24), progester ... | 2011 | 21622796 |
| brief tale of a bacteraemia by rhodococcus equi, with concomitant lung mass: what came first, the chicken or the egg? | rhodococcus equi is an uncommon gram positive, variably acid-fast pathogen, that appears as hard to treat mostly owing to the establishment of intracellular niches. lack of interpretive criteria for susceptibility testing may lead to under-reporting or overestimation of resistances, whereas knowledge about this pathogen's clinical impact may be affected by erroneous phenotype-based characterization at a genus and species level.we present the case of a bacteraemia with a concomitant lung mass in ... | 2011 | 21625310 |
| presumed immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in two foals with rhodococcus equi infection. | objective - to describe the clinical presentation, case management, and outcome in 2 foals with rhodococcus equi infection associated with presumptive severe immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. series summary - two foals diagnosed with r. equi pneumonia on the basis of tracheal wash cultures, thoracic radiographs, and thoracic ultrasonography were concurrently diagnosed with hemolytic anemia. both foals required whole blood transfusions, and were treated with the antimicrobial combination of rifam ... | 2011 | 21631714 |
| multiplicity of 3-ketosteroid-9{alpha}-hydroxylase enzymes in rhodococcus rhodochrous dsm43269 for the specific degradation of different classes of steroids. | the well-known large catabolic potential of rhodococci is greatly facilitated by an impressive gene multiplicity. this study reports on the multiplicity of ksha, encoding the oxygenase component of 3-ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in steroid catabolism. five ksha homologues (ksha1-ksha5) were previously identified in rhodococcus rhodochrous dsm43269. these ksha(dsm43269) homologues are distributed over several phylogenetic groups. the involvement of these ksha homologues in the catabol ... | 2011 | 21642460 |
| rhodococcus artemisiae sp. nov., a new endophytic actinobacterium isolated from pharmaceutical plant artemisia annua l. | a novel gram-positive, non-motile actinobacterium, designated as strain yim 65754t, was isolated from the stems of artemisia annua l. collected from yunnan province, south-west china. a polyphasic study was undertaken to establish the taxonomic position of this strain. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that strain yim 65754t form an evolutionary lineage within the genus rhodococcus and formed a monophyletic lineage with rhodococcus pyridinivorans dsm 44555t, rhodoco ... | 2011 | 21642485 |
| pathology in practice. neutrophilic and histiocytic inflammation with intracellular bacteria (consistent with r equi). | | 2011 | 21671809 |
| [effect of biosurfactants acinetobacter calcoaceticus k-4 and rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 on some microorganisms]. | it has been established that the preparations of biosurfactants rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 (0.61 -2.1 mg/ml) and acinetobacter calcoaceticus k-4 (0.15 - 0.22 mg/ml) in a form of supernatants of the cultural liquid show antimicrobial effect in respect of a number of microorganisms (bacillus subtilis bt-2, escherichia coli iem-1, candida tropicalis bt-5, candida albicans d6, candida utilis bvc-65, saccharomyces cerevisiae ob-3). no inhibiting effect of biosurfactant preparations of r. erythropo ... | 2011 | 21809683 |
| tolerance of ß-diketone hydrolases as representatives of the crotonase superfamily towards organic solvents. | crotonase superfamily enzymes catalyze a wide variety of reactions, including hydrolytic c-c-bond cleavage in symmetrical ß-diketones by 6-oxo camphor hydrolase (och) from rhodococcus sp. the organic solvent tolerance and temperature stability of och and its structurally related ortholog anabaena ß-diketone hydrolase (abdh) have been investigated. both enzymes showed excellent tolerance toward organic solvents; for instance, even in the presence of 80% v/v thf or dioxane, och was still active. i ... | 2011 | 21809324 |
| biological activity and mechanical stability of sol-gel-based biofilters using the freeze-gelation technique for immobilization of rhodococcus ruber. | biofilters with long lifetime and high storage stability are very important for bioremediation processes to ensure the readiness at the occurrence of sudden contaminations. by using the freeze-gelation technique, living cells can be immobilized within a mechanically and chemically stable ceramic-like matrix. due to a freeze-drying step, the embedded microorganisms are converted into a preserved form. in that way, they can be stored under dry conditions, which comply better with storage, transpor ... | 2011 | 21800029 |
| the use of streptolysin o (slo) as an adjunct therapy for rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | rhodococcus equi is a soil borne bacterium that causes severe morbidity and death in young foals. the economic costs of the disease include loss of life, treatment expenses, veterinary monitoring expenses and, perhaps most importantly, potential reduction in future athletic performance in horses that suffer severe lung abscessations caused by r. equi. current standard of care for pneumonia caused by r. equi is treatment with a macrolide antimicrobial and rifampicin. however, the hallmark of pneu ... | 2011 | 21798675 |
| [conversion of soybean sterols into 3,17-diketosteroids using actinobacteria mycobacterium neoaurum, pimelobacter simplex, and rhodococcus erythropolis]. | abstract-soybean sterols were converted into androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (ad) and 9alpha-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione (9-oh-ad) using three actinobacterium strains. the transformation of a microcrystallic substrate (particle size 5-15 nm) or the transformation in the presence of randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (mcd) were carried out by mycobacterium neoaurum with a phytosterol load of 30 g/l over 144 h with an ad content of 14.5 and 15.2 g/l, respectively. ad obtained in the presence of mc ... | 2011 | 21790029 |
| biofilm formation and microbial activity in a biofilter system in the presence of mtbe, etbe and tame. | emerging water contaminants derived from unleaded gasoline such as methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe), ethyl tert-butyl ether (etbe) and tert-amyl methyl ether (tame), are in need of effective bioremediation technologies for restoring water resources. in order to design the conditions of a future groundwater bioremediating biofilter, this work assesses the potential use of acinetobacter calcoaceticus m10, rhodococcus ruber e10 and gordonia amicalis t3 for the removal of mtbe, etbe and tame in consor ... | 2011 | 21774959 |
| toxicity evaluation of 2-hydroxybiphenyl and other compounds involved in studies of fossil fuels biodesulphurisation. | the acute toxicity of some compounds used in fossil fuels biodesulphurisation studies, on the respiration activity, was evaluated by gordonia alkanivorans and rhodococcus erythropolis. moreover, the effect of 2-hydroxybiphenyl on cell growth of both strains was also determined, using batch (chronic bioassays) and continuous cultures. the ic(50) values obtained showed the toxicity of all the compounds tested to both strains, specially the high toxicity of 2-hbp. these results were confirmed by th ... | 2011 | 21767949 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of epoxide hydrolase to probe catalytic amino acid residues and reaction mechanism. | epoxide hydrolase from rhodococcus opacus catalyzes the stereospecific hydrolysis of cis-epoxysuccinate to l(+)-tartrate. it shows low but significant similarity to haloacid dehalogenase and haloacetate dehalogenase (16-23% identity). to identify catalytically important residues, we mutated 29 highly conserved charged and polar amino acid residues (except for one alanine). the replacement of d18, d193, r55, k164, h190, t22, y170, n134 and a188 led to a significant loss in the enzyme activity, in ... | 2011 | 21763314 |
| improved xenobiotic-degrading activity of rhodococcus opacus strain 1cp after dormancy. | the goals of the present work were as follows: to obtain the dormant forms of r. opacus 1cp; to study the phenotypic variability during their germination; to compare phenotypic variants during the growth on selective and elective media; and to reveal changes in the ability of the strain to destruct xenobiotics that had not been degradable before dormancy. it was shown that rhodococcus opacus 1cp (the strain degrading chlorinated phenols) became able to utilize a broader spectrum of xenobiotics a ... | 2011 | 21749252 |
| infection in immunocompromised hosts and the organ transplant recipient -essentials. | | 2011 | 21748845 |
| hemodialysis catheter related rhodococcus bacteremia in immunocompetent host. | rhodococcus equi (r. equi) is an uncommon cause of infection in immunocompetent individuals. we describe a case of r. equi bacteremia associated with hemodialysis (hd) catheter in an immunocompetent patient. a 38-year-old female with end-stage renal disease (esrd) of uncertain etiology, on hd for the past 15 months who was previously healthy otherwise, was admitted with the complaints of intermittent fever, mild nausea and occasional vomiting for two weeks. last hd was performed four days earlie ... | 2011 | 21743224 |
| efficient synthesis of optically pure alcohols by asymmetric hydrogen-transfer biocatalysis: application of engineered enzymes in a 2-propanol-water medium. | we describe an efficient method for producing both enantiomers of chiral alcohols by asymmetric hydrogen-transfer bioreduction of ketones in a 2-propanol (ipa)-water medium with e. coli biocatalysts expressing phenylacetaldehyde reductase (par: wild-type and mutant enzymes) from rhodococcus sp. st-10 and alcohol dehydrogenase from leifsonia sp. s749 (lsadh). we also describe the detailed properties of mutant pars, sar268, and har1, which were engineered to have high activity and productivity in ... | 2011 | 21739266 |
| disseminated rhodococcus equi infection in goats in the uk. | | 2011 | 21742701 |
| dynamics of indigenous bacterial communities associated with crude oil degradation in soil microcosms during nutrient-enhanced bioremediation. | bacterial population dynamics were examined during bioremediation of an african soil contaminated with arabian light crude oil and nutrient enrichment (biostimulation). polymerase chain reaction followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) were used to generate bacterial community fingerprints of the different treatments employing the 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna) gene as molecular marker. the dgge patterns of the nutrient-amended soils indicated the presence of distinguish ... | 2011 | 21824988 |
| oral absorption of clarithromycin is nearly abolished by chronic comedication of rifampicin in foals. | the delivery of clarithromycin (crl) to its site of action in bronchial/alveolar epithelial cells (ec), bronchial epithelial lining fluid (elf), and bronchoalveolar lavage cells (balc) may be influenced by cyp3a4 and the drug transporters, atp-binding cassette (abc) b1 and abcc2 and organic anion-transporting polypeptides (oatps), which can be modulated and/or up-regulated via the nuclear pregnane x receptor (pxr) by rifampicin (rif). therefore, we evaluated the disposition and pulmonary distrib ... | 2011 | 21690264 |
| gene expression of innate th1-, th2-, and th17-type cytokines during early life of neonatal foals in response to rhodococcus equi. | focusing on the first 3weeks of life, this study examined the mrna transcript development of different th-type cytokines in foals in response to rhodococcus equi infection in vitro. results demonstrated the significant up-regulation in expression of th1-, th2-, and th17-type cytokines (ifn-+¦, il-4, il-6, il-8, il-12p35, il-12p40, il-17, il-23p19, and tnf-+¦) in r. equi infection of bronchial alveolar lavage (bal) cells of 10-day-old foals. consequently, signature cytokines of 3 th cell types, i ... | 2011 | 21835631 |
| rhodococcus equi colonic lesion mimicking colon cancer. | | 2011 | 21689297 |
| engineering plants for the phytoremediation of rdx in the presence of the co-contaminating explosive tnt. | ôçó the explosive compounds hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) are widespread environmental contaminants commonly found as co-pollutants on military training ranges. tnt is a toxic carcinogen which remains tightly bound to the soil, whereas rdx is highly mobile leaching into groundwater and threatening drinking water supplies. we have engineered arabidopsis plants that are able to degrade rdx, whilst withstanding the phytotoxicity of tnt. ôçó arabidopsi ... | 2011 | 21729248 |
| genome sequence of rhodococcus sp. strain r04, a polychlorinated-biphenyl biodegrader. | the genus rhodococcus has proved to be a promising option for the cleanup of polluted sites and application of a microbial biocatalyst. rhodococcus sp. strain r04, isolated from oil-contaminated soil, can biodegrade polychlorinated biphenyls. here we report the draft genome sequence of rhodococcus sp. strain r04, which could be used to predict genes for xenobiotic biodegradation and provide important insights into the applications of this strain. | 2011 | 21742862 |
| evaluation of the efficacy of gallium maltolate for chemoprophylaxis against pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi infection in foals. | to determine the chemoprophylactic effect of gallium maltolate on the cumulative incidence of pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi infection in foals. | 2011 | 21728856 |
| isolation of rhodococcus erythropolis from vaccinated atlantic salmon, salmo salar l., smolts in chile. | | 2011 | 21838714 |
| identification of a toluene-degrading bacterium from a soil sample through h218o dna stable isotope probing. | dna stable isotope probing (dna-sip) with h(2)(18)o was used to identify a toluene-degrading bacterium in soil amended with 48 ppm toluene. after quantification of toluene degradation rates in soil, dna was extracted from soil incubated with h(2)(18)o, h(2)(16)o, h(2)(16)o and 48 ppm toluene, or h(2)(18)o and 48 ppm toluene. a single dna band formed along a cesium chloride gradient after isopycnic centrifugation of extracts from soils incubated with h(2)(16)o. with extracts from soils to which o ... | 2011 | 21742928 |
| application of a novel thermostable nad(p)h oxidase from hyperthermophilic archaeon for the regeneration of both nad(+) and nadp(+). | a novel thermostable nad(p)h oxidase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon thermococcus kodakarensis kod1 (tknox) catalyzes oxidation of nadh and nadph with oxygen from atmospheric air as an electron acceptor. although the optimal temperature of tknox is >90-¦c, it also shows activity at 30-¦c. this enzyme was used for the regeneration of both nadp(+) and nad(+) in alcohol dehydrogenase (adh)-catalyzed enantioselective oxidation of racemic 1-phenylethanol. nadp(+) regeneration at 30-¦c was perform ... | 2011 | 21830202 |
| dynamic (11)c-methionine pet analysis has an additional value for differentiating malignant tumors from granulomas: an experimental study using small animal pet. | we evaluated whether the dynamic profile of l: -(11)c-methionine ((11)c-met) may have an additional value in differentiating malignant tumors from granulomas in experimental rat models by small animal positron emission tomography (pet). | 2011 | 21732106 |
| study of human microecology by mass spectrometry of microbial markers. | this review shows that mass spectrometry of microbial markers (msmm) permits simultaneous in situ determination of more than one hundred microbial fatty acids in clinical, biotechnological or environmental samples, without precultivation and use of biochemical test materials and primers. unprecedented information about the quantity of anaerobes and uncultivated aerobes, as well as actinobacteria, yeasts, viruses and microscopic fungi in one sample has provided a full understanding of microbial e ... | 2011 | 21831791 |
| extracellular production of streptomyces exfoliatus poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase in rhodococcus sp. t104: determination of optimal biocatalyst conditions. | the phaz ( sex ) gene encoding poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase from streptomyces exfoliatus has been successfully cloned and expressed in rhodococcus sp. t104 for the first time. likewise, the recombinant enzyme was efficiently produced as an extracellular active form and purified to homogeneity by two hydrophobic chromatographic steps. maldi-tof analysis showed that the native enzyme is a monomer. circular dichroism studies have revealed a secondary structure showing 25.6% +¦-helix, 21.4% ... | 2011 | 21845385 |
| rhodococcus equi venous catheter infection: a case report and review of the literature. | abstract: introduction: rhodococcus equi is an animal pathogen that was initially isolated from horses and is being increasingly reported as a cause of infection in humans with impaired cellular immunity. however, this pathogen is underestimated as a challenging antagonist and is frequently considered to be a mere contaminant despite the potential for life-threatening infections. most case reports have occurred in immunocompromised patients who have received organ transplants (for example kidney ... | 2011 | 21827681 |
| enzymatic production of 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide by cyanide-resistant nitrile hydratase. | a novel enzymatic route for the synthesis of 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyramide (adba), important intermediate of highly potent and broad-spectrum imidazolinone herbicides, from 2-amino-2,3-dimethylbutyronitrile (adbn) was developed. strain rhodococcus boritolerans cctcc m 208108 harboring nitrile hydratase (nhase) towards adbn was screened through a sophisticated colorimetric screening method and was found to be resistant to cyanide (5-ámm). resting cells of r. boritolerans cctcc m 208108 also prov ... | 2011 | 21720774 |
| successful immunotherapy of canine flea allergy with injected actinomycetales preparations. | aims: can heat-killed, borate-buffered suspensions of gordonia bronchialis, rhodococcus coprophilus or tsukamurella inchonensis be used to treat canine flea allergy? materials & methods: organisms cultured on sauton's medium into stationary phase were autoclaved in borate-buffered saline and stored at 10 mg wet weight/ml. intradermal injections of 0.1 ml containing 1 mg of bacilli were administered on the first and 20th days of the study. g. bronchialis and r. coprophilus were most effective in ... | 2011 | 21843084 |
| identification of phenylalkane derivatives when mycobacterium neoaurum and rhodococcus erythropolis were cultured in the presence of various phenylalkanes. | phenylalkanes are ubiquitously found in nature as pollutants originating from oil, gas oil and petrol. rising commercial demand for mineral oil fractions has led to the increased prevalence of environmental contamination, whereby these particular hydrocarbons are encountered by bacteria which have subsequently developed sophisticated metabolic routes for purposes of degradation. herein a detailed analysis of these metabolic pathways in the degradation of phenylalkanes by mycobacterium neoaurum a ... | 2011 | 21701983 |
| matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (maldi)-time of flight mass spectrometry- and maldi biotyper-based identification of cultured biphenyl-metabolizing bacteria from contaminated horseradish rhizosphere soil. | bacteria that are able to utilize biphenyl as a sole source of carbon were extracted and isolated from polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soil vegetated by horseradish. isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). the usage of maldi biotyper for the classification of isolates was evaluated and compared to 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. a wide spectrum of bacteria was isolated, with arthrobacter, serratia, r ... | 2011 | 21821747 |
| the steroid catabolic pathway of the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi is important for pathogenesis and a target for vaccine development. | rhodococcus equi causes fatal pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals and immunocompromised animals and humans. despite its importance, there is currently no effective vaccine against the disease. the actinobacteria r. equi and the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis are related, and both cause pulmonary diseases. recently, we have shown that essential steps in the cholesterol catabolic pathway are involved in the pathogenicity of m. tuberculosis. bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence o ... | 2011 | 21901092 |
| Comparative and functional genomics of Rhodococcus opacus PD630 for biofuels development. | The Actinomycetales bacteria Rhodococcus opacus PD630 and Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 bioconvert a diverse range of organic substrates through lipid biosynthesis into large quantities of energy-rich triacylglycerols (TAGs). To describe the genetic basis of the Rhodococcus oleaginous metabolism, we sequenced and performed comparative analysis of the 9.27 Mb R. opacus PD630 genome. Metabolic-reconstruction assigned 2017 enzymatic reactions to the 8632 R. opacus PD630 genes we identified. Of these, 261 ... | 2011 | 21931557 |
| analysis of aflatoxin-b1-degrading microbes by use of a combined toxicity-profiling method. | to monitor cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aflatoxin, a luminescent assay employing aliivibrio fischeri as a test organism and a colorimetric assay based on the sos-chromotest were adapted to our needs. the aim of this method-developing work was to be able to select - from a collection of environmental isolates - microbes that degrade aflatoxin without production of harmful intermediates and by-products, in a fast and cost-effective way. by the combination of the two modified assays, microbes ... | 2011 | 21871580 |
| Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases in aroma compound synthesis. | Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are presented as highly selective and efficient biocatalysts for the synthesis of aroma lactones via kinetic resolution of 2-substituted cycloketones, exemplified with two d-valerolactones, the jasmine lactones and their e-caprolactone homologs. Analytical scale screens of our BVMO library ensued by preparative whole-cell biotransformations led to the identification of two enzymes (cyclohexanone monooxygenase from Arthrobacter BP2 and cyclododecanone monoox ... | 2011 | 21900007 |
| Horizontal Transfer of PAH Catabolism Genes in Mycobacterium: Evidence from Comparative Genomics and Isolated Pyrene-Degrading Bacteria. | Biodegradation of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene, has only been observed in a few genera, namely fast-growing Mycobacterium and Rhodococcus. In M. vanbaalenii PYR-1, multiple aromatic ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (ARHDOs) genes including pyrene dioxygenases nidAB and nidA3B3 are localized in one genomic region. Here we examine the homologous genomic regions in four other PAH-degrading Mycobacterium (strains JLS, KMS, and MCS, an ... | 2011 | 21899303 |
| calcite biomineralization by bacterial isolates from the recently discovered pristine karstic herrenberg cave. | karstic caves represent one of the most important subterranean carbon storages on earth and provide windows into the subsurface. the recent discovery of the herrenberg cave, germany, gave us the opportunity to investigate the diversity and potential role of bacteria in carbonate mineral formation. calcite was the only mineral observed by raman spectroscopy to precipitate as stalactites from seepage water. bacterial cells were found on the surface and interior of stalactites by confocal laser sca ... | 2011 | 22179248 |
| Degradation of 2-chlorotoluene by Rhodococcus sp. OCT 10. | A strain Rhodococcus sp. OCT 10 DSM 45596(T), exhibiting 99.9% of 16S rDNA identity with Rhodococcus wratislaviensis NCIMB 13082, was isolated from a soil sample. The strain completely mineralised 2-chlorotoluene, 2-bromotoluene, o-xylene, benzyl alcohol and benzoate. In contrast, 2-fluorotoluene was only partially mineralised. By GC-MS and (1)H-NMR analyses, 4-chloro-3-methylcatechol was identified as the central intermediate in the degradation pathway of 2-chlorotoluene. It was further degrade ... | 2011 | 21870046 |
| clinical characteristics of infections caused by tsukamurella spp. and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates. | to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of infections caused by tsukamurella spp., the computerised database of the bacteriology laboratory at national taiwan university hospital (taipei, taiwan) was reviewed retrospectively to identify patients with infections caused by this species during the period january 1997 to december 2008. all of the isolates had been initially misidentified as rhodococcus spp. identification of tsukamurella isolates to species level was carried ... | 2011 | 22014886 |
| diagnosis of tuberculosis by trained african giant pouched rats and confounding impact of pathogens and microflora of the respiratory tract. | trained african giant-pouched rats (cricetomys gambianus) can detect mycobacterium tuberculosis and show potential for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb). however, rats' ability to discriminate between clinical sputum containing other mycobacterium spp. and nonmycobacterial species of the respiratory tract is unknown. it is also unknown whether nonmycobacterial species produce odor similar to m. tuberculosis and thereby cause the detection of smear-negative sputum. sputum samples from 289 subjec ... | 2011 | 22135255 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in the foal - part 1: pathogenesis and epidemiology. | rhodococcus equi pneumonia is a worldwide infectious disease of major concern to the equine breeding industry. the disease typically manifests in foals as pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. inhalation of aerosolised virulent r. equi from the environment and intracellular replication within alveolar macrophages are essential components of the pathogenesis of r. equi pneumonia in the foal. recently documented evidence of airborne transmission betwe ... | 2011 | 22015138 |
| Effect of Mn(2+) augmentation on reinforcing aerobic sludge granulation in a sequencing batch reactor. | Two sequencing batch reactors were synchronously operated to investigate the effect of manganese (II) (Mn(2+)) augmentation on aerobic granulation. Reactor 1 (R1) was added with 10 mg/L Mn(2+), while there was no Mn(2+) augmentation in reactor 2 (R2). Results showed that R1 had a faster granulation process than R2 and R1 performed better in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium nitrogen (NH (4) (+) -N) removal efficiencies. Moreover, the mature granules augmented with Mn(2+) behaved better o ... | 2011 | 21894480 |
| In vitro cytokine stimulation assay for glycolipid biosurfactant from Rhodococcus ruber: role of monocyte adhesion. | Glycolipid biosurfactant (GLB) from Rhodococcus ruber IEGM 231 was found to stimulate tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin (IL) -1ß and IL-6 production when applied as an ultrasonic emulsion to the adherent human peripheral blood monocyte culture. However, a lack of cytokine-stimulating activity was registered with the GLB applied as a hydrophobic film coating in 24-well culture plates, indicating that it may have been due to its inhibitory effect on monocyte adhesion. The mode of GLB ap ... | 2011 | 21858499 |
| Rhodococcus equi infection after reduction mammaplasty in an immunocompetent patient. | The majority of infections caused by R. equi occur in hosts with some degree of cell-mediated immunodeficiency. Immunocompetent individuals are infrequently affected and usually present with localized disease. Infections of the skin or related structures are uncommon and are usually related to environmental contamination. The microbiology laboratory plays a key role in the identification of the organism since it may be mistaken for common skin flora. We describe a 31 year-old woman without medic ... | 2011 | 22012456 |
| Cloning, overexpression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of 3-ketosteroid ?(4)-(5a)-dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. | 3-Ketosteroid dehydrogenases are flavoproteins which play key roles in steroid ring degradation. The enzymes are abundantly present in actinobacteria, including the catabolic powerhouse Rhodococcus jostii and the pathogenic species R. equi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The gene for 3-ketosteroid ?(4)-(5a)-dehydrogenase [?(4)-(5a)-KSTD] from R. jostii RHA1 was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. His-tagged ?(4)-(5a)-KSTD enzyme was purified by Ni(2+)-NTA affinity chromatography, anion ... | 2011 | 22102045 |
| plasmid localization and organization of melamine degradation genes in rhodococcus sp. strain mel. | rhodococcus sp. strain mel was isolated from soil by enrichment and grew in minimal medium with melamine as the sole n source with a doubling time of 3.5 h. stoichiometry studies showed that all six nitrogen atoms of melamine were assimilated. the genome was sequenced by roche 454 pyrosequencing to 13x coverage and a 22.3 kb dna region was found to contain a homolog to the melamine deaminase gene trza. mutagenesis studies showed that the cyanuric acid hydrolase and biuret hydrolase genes were cl ... | 2011 | 22210223 |
| short report: identification of virulence-associated plasmids in rhodococcus equi in humans with and without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in brazil. | virulence of rhodococcus equi strains from 20 humans in brazil was investigated by using a polymerase chain reaction to characterize isolates as virulent (vapa), intermediately virulent (vapb), and avirulent. nine isolates were obtained from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive patients, six from hiv-negative patients, and five from patients of unknown status. five isolates were vapb positive, four were vapa positive, and eleven were avirulent. among the nine isolates from hiv-positive pa ... | 2011 | 21896813 |
| the potential of epiphytic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria on legume leaves for attenuation of atmospheric hydrocarbon pollutants. | the leaves of two legumes, peas and beans, harbored on their surfaces up to 9×10⁷ cells g⁻¹ of oil-utilizing bacteria. less numbers, up to 5×10⁵ cells g⁻¹ inhabited leaves of two nonlegume crops, namely tomato and sunflower. older leaves accommodated more of such bacteria than younger ones. plants raised in oily environments were colonized by much more oil-utilizing bacteria than those raised in pristine (oil-free) environments. similar numbers were counted on the same media in which nitrogen sa ... | 2012 | 22054577 |
| Plant-derived auxin plays an accessory role in symptom development upon Rhodococcus fascians infection. | The biotrophic phytopathogen Rhodococcus fascians has a profound impact on plant development, mainly through its principal virulence factors, a mix of synergistically acting cytokinins that induce shoot formation. Expression profiling of marker genes for several auxin biosynthesis routes and mutant analysis demonstrated that the bacterial cytokinins stimulate the auxin biosynthesis of plants via specific targeting of the indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway, resulting in enhanced auxin signaling ... | 2011 | 22181713 |
| glycosphingolipid synthesis employing a combination of recombinant glycosyltransferases and an endoglycoceramidase glycosynthase. | glycosynthase mutants of rhodococcus sp. endo-glycoceramidase ii efficiently synthesize complex glycosphingolipids. glycosyl fluoride donors may be assembled via sequential glycosyltransferase-catalysed glycosylation of lactosyl fluoride. alternatively, lactosyl fluoride may be coupled to sphingosine prior to subsequent glycosylation steps. | 2011 | 21879043 |
| Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in the foal - Part 2: Diagnostics, treatment and disease management. | Various challenges face clinicians and farm managers in diagnosing, treating and preventing Rhodococcus equi pneumonia. The use of ultrasound imaging has aided in the early diagnosis of the disease, reducing treatment duration and improving therapeutic outcomes. Antimicrobial resistance in R. equi is an emerging issue that necessitates prudent antimicrobial therapy of diseased foals. Alternative methods of disease transmission, such as contagious foal-to-foal aerosol transmission, may need to be ... | 2011 | 22036870 |
| The Impact of Membrane Lipid Composition on Macrophage Activation in the Immune Defense against Rhodococcus equi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | Nutritional fatty acids are known to have an impact on membrane lipid composition of body cells, including cells of the immune system, thus providing a link between dietary fatty acid uptake, inflammation and immunity. In this study we reveal the significance of macrophage membrane lipid composition on gene expression and cytokine synthesis thereby highlighting signal transduction processes, macrophage activation as well as macrophage defense mechanisms. Using RAW264.7 macrophages as a model sys ... | 2011 | 22174614 |
| rhodococcus nanhaiensis sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from marine sediment of the south china sea. | in this study, two strains scsio 10187t and scsio 10197 were isolated from a sediment sample collected from the south china sea and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. growth was observed in the temperature range between 15-35 °c (optimum 28 °c) and ph 5.0-8.0 (optimum ph 6.0). based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, the strains were identified as members of the genus rhodococcus. phylogenetic analysis showed that the two strains clustered together and the 16s rrna gene sequence simil ... | 2011 | 22180608 |
| efficient biostimulation of native and introduced quorum-quenching rhodococcus erythropolis populations is revealed by a combination of analytical chemistry, microbiology, and pyrosequencing. | degradation of the quorum-sensing (qs) signals known as n-acylhomoserine lactones (ahl) by soil bacteria may be useful as a beneficial trait for protecting crops, such as potato plants, against the worldwide pathogen pectobacterium. in this work, analytical chemistry and microbial and molecular approaches were combined to explore and compare biostimulation of native and introduced ahl-degrading rhodococcus erythropolis populations in the rhizosphere of potato plants cultivated in farm greenhouse ... | 2012 | 22081576 |
| structural definition of trehalose 6-monomycolates and trehalose 6,6'-dimycolates from the pathogen rhodococcus equi by multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. | the cell wall of the pathogenic bacterium rhodococcus equi (r. equi) contains abundant trehalose monomycolate (tmm) and trehalose dimycolate (tdm), the glycolipids bearing mycolic acids. here, we describe multiple-stage (ms(n)) linear ion-trap (lit) mass spectrometric approaches toward structural characterization of tmm and tdm desorbed as [m + alk](+) (alk = na, li) and as [m + x](-) (x = ch(3)co(2), hco(2)) ions by electrospray ionization (esi). upon ms(n) (n=2, 3, 4) on the [m + alk](+) or th ... | 2011 | 21972013 |
| The ability of bacterial cocaine esterase to hydrolyze cocaine metabolites and their simultaneous quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. | Cocaine toxicity is a widespread problem in the United States, responsible for more than 500,000 emergency department visits a year. There is currently no U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacotherapy to directly treat cocaine toxicity. To this end, we have developed a mutant bacterial cocaine esterase (DM-CocE), which has been previously shown to rapidly hydrolyze cocaine into inert metabolites, preventing and reversing toxicity with limited immunogenic potential. Herein we describ ... | 2011 | 21885621 |
| Diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of infections caused by Rhodococcus equi in foals. | Rhodococcus equi, a gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen, is one of the most common causes of pneumonia in foals. Although R. equi can be cultured from the environment of virtually all horse farms, the clinical disease in foals is endemic at some farms, sporadic at others, and unrecognized at many. On farms where the disease is endemic, costs associated with morbidity and mortality attributable to R. equi may be very high. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide recomme ... | 2011 | 22092608 |
| [scaling of the process of biosynthesis of surfactants by rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 on hexadecane]. | peculiarities of synthesis of surface-active substances (sas) are studied at periodical cultivation of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 in the ak-210 fermenter on medium containing n-hexadecane. maximum indicators of sas synthesis (concentration of extra cellular sas is 7.2 g/l; factor of emulsification of the cultural liquid 50%; sas yield from the substrate 50%) have been observed at 60-70% concentration of dissolved oxygen from the saturation level with aerial oxygen (ph 8.0) fractional supply o ... | 2011 | 21950118 |
| Siderophore production by actinomycetes isolates from two soil sites in Western Australia. | The actinomycetes are metabolically flexible soil micro-organisms capable of producing a range of compounds of interest, including siderophores. Siderophore production by actinomycetes sampled from two distinct and separate geographical sites in Western Australia were investigated and found to be generally similar in the total percentage of siderophore producers found. The only notable difference was the proportion of isolates producing catechol siderophores with only 3% found in site 1 (from th ... | 2011 | 22038645 |
| [effect of citric acid on synthesis of surfactants in rhodococcus erythropolis imv ac-5017]. | expediency of sodium citrate (regulator of lipids synthesis) substitution is shown in the medium of cultivation of rhodococcus erythropolis imv ac-5017 with ethanol (or hexadecane) and fumarate (gluconeogenesis precursor) by citric acid for ph maintenance at the level optimal for synthesis of surfactants. it has been established the maximum synthesis of surfactants of r. erythropolis imv ac-5017 was observed at ph 8.0. introduction of 0.2% sodium fumarate at the end of experimental growth phase ... | 2011 | 22164696 |
| plant exudates promote pcb degradation by a rhodococcal rhizobacteria. | rhodococcus erythropolis u23a is a polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-degrading bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of plants grown on a pcb-contaminated soil. strain u23a bpha exhibited 99% identity with bpha1 of rhodococcus globerulus p6. we grew arabidopsis thaliana in a hydroponic axenic system, collected, and concentrated the plant secondary metabolite-containing root exudates. strain u23a exhibited a chemotactic response toward these root exudates. in a root colonizing assay, the number of ... | 2011 | 22202970 |
| resistance studies of erythromycin and rifampin for rhodococcus equi over a 10-year period. | this study sought to determine whether an increase in resistance of rhodococcus equi to the antibiotics rifampin and erythromycin occurred over a 10-year period. this was carried out by the use of e test strips for rifampin and erythromycin to determine the mic (minimum inhibitory concentration) values of rhodococcus equi to this combination of antibiotics.the findings of this study indicated that there was an increase in resistance of rhodococcus equi to rifampin and erythromycin over the 10-ye ... | 2007 | 21851690 |
| failure of antimicrobial therapy to accelerate spontaneous healing of subclinical pulmonary abscesses on a farm with endemic infections caused by rhodococcus equi. | mass antimicrobial treatment of foals with small ultrasonographic pulmonary lesions is common on farms with endemic disease caused by rhodococcus equi. the objectives of this study were to compare the relative efficacy of three antimicrobial protocols for the treatment of pulmonary abscesses on a farm with endemic infections caused by r. equi and to determine the frequency of spontaneous resolution of subclinical pulmonary lesions. foals with ultrasonographic evidence of pulmonary abscesses ⩾1.0 ... | 2011 | 21924651 |
| physiology of biosurfactant synthesis by rhodococcus species h13-a. | the physiology of biosurfactant synthesis by a soil isolate, identified as a rhodococcus species, is described. the biosurfactant is a surface-active glycolipid produced during the stationary growth phase of rhodococcus species h13-a on n-alkanes and fatty alcohols in response to limiting ammonium ion concentrations. hexadecane-grown cells produced increasing amounts of extracellular glycolipid when the carbon to nitrogen ratio (c/n) was increased from 1.7 to 3.4. the increase in extracellular g ... | 1990 | 22049932 |
| small but sufficient: the rhodococcus phage rrh1 has the smallest known siphoviridae genome at 14.2 kilobases. | bacteriophages are considered to be the most abundant biological entities on the planet. the siphoviridae are the most commonly encountered tailed phages and contain double-stranded dna with an average genome size of ∼50 kb. this paper describes the isolation from four different activated sludge plants of the phage rrh1, which is polyvalent, lysing five rhodococcus species. it has a capsid diameter of only ∼43 nm. whole-genome sequencing of rrh1 revealed a novel circularly permuted dna sequence ... | 2012 | 22013058 |
| clinical impact of the use of 16s rrna sequencing method for the identification of "difficult-to-identify" bacteria in immunocompromised hosts. | molecular method of 16s rrna sequencing is reported to be helpful in the accurate identification of organisms with ambiguous phenotypic profiles. we analyzed the use of 16s rrna sequencing method to identify clinically significant, "difficult-to-identify" bacteria recovered from clinical specimens, and evaluated its role in patient management and consequent clinical outcome. among the 172 "difficult-to-identify" bacteria recovered over a 4-year period, 140 were gram-positive cocci or gram-negati ... | 2011 | 22093075 |
| Vanillin Catabolism in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. | Genes encoding vanillin dehydrogenase (vdh) and vanillate O-demethylase (vanAB) were identified in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 using gene disruption and enzyme activities. During growth on vanillin or vanillate, vanA was highly upregulated while vdh was not. This study contributes to our understanding of lignin degradation by RHA1 and other actinomycetes. | 2012 | 22057861 |