| serological examination and egg production of progeny of fowl experimentally infected with egg drop syndrome 1976 virus. | following eds'76 virus (bc14 virus) infection of breeder chickens by the conjunctival route, vertical transmission occurred in the first week after infection. in the progeny which had been infected with eds'76 virus by the vertical route, increasing haemagglutination inhibiting (hi) titres to bc14 virus and increasing numbers of birds with hi titres were observed from 3 weeks to 15 weeks of age. sixty-one per cent of the hens and 77 per cent of the cocks had 2 log hi bc14 virus titres exceeding ... | 1982 | 6293156 |
| heat inactivation of a duck adenovirus serologically indistinguishable from adenovirus 127. | | 1982 | 6293448 |
| pulmonary congestion and edema (marble spleen disease) of chickens produced by group ii avian adenovirus. | "marble spleen disease" of chickens was diagnosed in 22-week-old chickens. total mortality was 8.9%. deaths occurred over a period of 2 months. gross lesions included pulmonary congestion, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and congestion of egg follicles. microscopic lesions included pulmonary congestion and edema, and reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia of the spleen with concurrent white-pulp necrosis and lymphocyte depletion. the pulmonary lesions were of sufficient intensity to have caused the de ... | 1982 | 6293450 |
| serological cross-reactivity of avian adenovirus serotypes in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | fowl adenoviruses free of avian adenovirus-associated virus, representing 10 serotypes, were tested for cross-reactivity in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). all antigens and antisera prepared in chickens, along with uninfected control antigen and normal chicken serum, were reacted in a checkerboard pattern with elisa. there was considerable cross-reactivity among all serotypes tested. homologous reactions were generally, but not always, stronger than heterologous reactions. elisa wa ... | 1982 | 6297452 |
| biochemical studies of celo virus: an oncogenic avian adenovirus. | | 1983 | 6297961 |
| [oncogenicity of adenoviruses]. | | 1982 | 6298900 |
| comparative sequence analysis of the inverted terminal repetition in the genomes of animal and avian adenoviruses. | the nucleotide sequences at the inverted terminal repetitions from two animal adenoviruses, infectious canine hepatitis virus and equine adenovirus, and from one avian adenovirus, celo, were analyzed. dnas from infectious canine hepatitis virus and equine adenovirus contain a homologous region which is 23 nucleotides long from the terminus. the first 17 nucleotides of this region are identical to the ones in human adenovirus type 2 dna. the striking homologous sequence of 14 nucleotides, conserv ... | 1983 | 6301151 |
| effects of experimental infection of fowl with eds'76 virus, infectious bronchitis virus and/or fowl adenovirus on laying performance. | | 1983 | 6302974 |
| a comparison of the terminal protein and hexon polypeptides of avian and human adenoviruses. | it was found that the virion terminal protein of chick embryo lethal orphan (celo) virus had a molecular weight of 46,000, and the hexon a molecular weight of 100,000. 125i-labelled tryptic and chymotryptic peptide maps of the hexons and terminal proteins from celo virus and human adenovirus type 5 (ad5) differed. however, limited proteolysis of celo virus and ad5 terminal proteins by protease v8 showed similarities which were not detected in the case of the two hexons. | 1983 | 6304239 |
| survey on antibody against hemorrhagic enteritis virus among chicken flocks in japan. | a survey on antibody against hemorrhagic enteritis virus was conducted by the agar-gel precipitation test among chicken flocks in japan. the positive rate of individual serum samples increased with the advance in age of chickens. ninety-one of 181 sera (50%) and 23 of 33 flocks (79%) were positive among chickens more than 181 days old. | 1982 | 6312333 |
| isolation of fowl adenovirus from tendons and tendon sheaths of chickens with leg weakness. | | 1983 | 6314026 |
| comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with hemagglutination-inhibition and immunodiffusion tests for detection of antibodies to a hemagglutinating duck adenovirus in chickens. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibody to a hemagglutinating duck adenovirus is described. optimum conditions for the test were determined, and the system was compared with procedures currently used. experimentally infected chickens were assayed for specific antibody by elisa, hemagglutination inhibition (hi), and immunodiffusion (id). the elisa was a sensitive and reliable method for detecting antibody, although positive titers were not always in agr ... | 1983 | 6314978 |
| hemorrhagic enteritis in captive american kestrels (falco sparverius). | hemorrhagic enteritis and hepatitis of suspected adenovirus etiology were the apparent cause of death of nine captive american kestrels. cloacal hemorrhage was the only prominent gross lesion: disseminated hepatocellular necrosis, and intranuclear inclusion bodies were evident microscopically. electron microscopy revealed numerous adenovirus-like particles associated with the hepatic lesions. attempts to serologically identify the agent were unsuccessful. | 1983 | 6315970 |
| isolation of the virus of egg drop syndrome 1976 (eds-76) in a japanese outbreak. | | 1983 | 6317930 |
| purification and hemagglutinating properties of egg drop syndrome 1976 virus. | we purified three populations of virus particles, f7, f9 and f17, with buoyant densities of 1.34, 1.33 and 1.29 g/ml, respectively, in cscl equilibrium density gradients from cultures of chick embryo liver cells infected with the h-162 strain of the virus of egg drop syndrome 1976. f9 particles were infectious complete virions and most f17 particles were empty particles. f7 particles were less infectious, and had little capacity of hemagglutination (ha). ha titers were the same at 4 degrees and ... | 1984 | 6322727 |
| [amplification of virocellular sequences avian adenovirus-induced tumor cells]. | adenovirus-induced tumor cells (including transformed cells) examined contain a part of the viral genome. however, number of molecules of the virus dna persisting in a cell varies in the tumor cell lines. tumor cell lines which were induced by celo virus, an avian adenovirus, carried the virus dna in the range from 1 to 920 molecules per cell. of the tumor cell line which carried large numbers of molecules of the virus dnr, one tumor cell line, rt 13 (160 molecules/cell), was studied both at the ... | 1984 | 6324694 |
| evidence of exposure of waterfowl and other aquatic birds to the hemagglutinating duck adenovirus identical to eds-76 virus. | serum and fecal samples from 12 species of aquatic birds were studied for evidence of exposure to a hemagglutinating duck adenovirus (dav). dav is serologically indistinguishable from egg-drop syndrome-76 virus. a total of 285 serum samples were tested by the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test. forty-two percent of the birds had hi antibodies, with titers ranging from 8 to 256. wild ducks showed the highest frequency of antibodies (56%) while in coots and grebes, antibody was less frequent, 3 ... | 1984 | 6325725 |
| pathogenicity of various adenovirus serotypes in the presence of escherichia coli in chickens. | ten strains of adenovirus representing 10 serotypes were administered intratracheally to 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens, which also received 2.9 x 10(5) colony-forming units of a pathogenic escherichia coli intranasally. one group was given only e. coli, and one was retained as an uninoculated control. gross pathologic alterations post-mortem were minimal and limited to multiple scattered, pale areas in the lungs of an occasional chicken in various groups. histopathologic changes in ... | 1984 | 6326735 |
| experimental infection of laying chickens with adenovirus 127 and with a related virus isolated from ducks. | infection of commercially reared white leghorn and white rock hens with adenovirus 127 was associated with decreases in total egg production, external egg quality, egg weight (p less than 0.01), and eggshell thickness (p less than 0.01). the egg-production and egg-quality disturbances were transient, and production returned to normal approximately 4 weeks postinfection. infection of white leghorns with a hemagglutinating adenovirus isolated from missouri ducks did not adversely affect egg produc ... | 1984 | 6326738 |
| efficacy and safety of a cell-culture live virus vaccine for hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys: laboratory studies. | poults free from hemorrhagic enteritis (he) antibody were vaccinated by gavage at 1 day or 2 weeks of age with a live he vaccine virus that had been propagated in a marek's disease (md)-induced b-lymphoblastoid cell line of turkey origin. vaccinated and unvaccinated poults were challenged with a virulent he virus at various times postvaccination. one hundred tissue-culture-infectious doses of the vaccine virus per poult were sufficient to induce a serological response as well as to protect poult ... | 1984 | 6326740 |
| the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect igg antibodies to serotype-specific and group-specific antigens of fowl adenovirus serotypes 2, 3 and 4. | a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed which can detect serotype and group-specific antibodies (igg) to fowl adenovirus serotypes 2, 3 and 4. the chickens produced principally type-specific antibodies after a single oral inoculation of virus which enabled that strain to be identified by the elisa. however, inoculation of an heterologous serotype, although inducing strain-specific antibodies to itself, also induced high levels of antibody to the group-specific an ... | 1983 | 6330150 |
| isolation of chicken anemia agent with mdcc-msb1 cells from chickens in the field. | an attempt was made to isolate chicken anemia agent (caa) from chickens suffering from anemia in the field by using mdcc - msb1 , which was an established cell line derived from marek's disease lymphoma. when 99 chickens of 15 flocks were examined, caa was isolated from 58 chickens of 12 flocks. the rate of caa isolation with mdcc - msb1 cells was almost the same as that determined by an in vivo method by chick inoculation. it was shown that caa was more closely concerned with anemic diseases of ... | 1983 | 6330575 |
| comparison of four fixatives for routine splenic histology and immunohistochemical staining for group ii avian adenovirus. | four different fixatives, a, b, c, and d, were compared for use in routine histology of splenic tissue and for immunohistochemical staining to detect group ii avian adenoviral antigen. sixteen pheasants were experimentally infected with type ii adenovirus; spleens from each bird were harvested, divided, and treated with each of the four fixatives. all four fixatives were adequate for routine histology. fixative b was significantly more sensitive for immunohistochemistry than the three other fixa ... | 1995 | 7545899 |
| the avian adenovirus penton: two fibres and one base. | the penton capsomer of mammalian adenoviruses consists of a trimeric, long and thin fibre inserted into a pentameric base. the avian adenoviruses possess a penton which presents another symmetry mismatch: each pentameric base is associated with two fibres. here we have studied the morphology of the penton of celo virus, an avian adenovirus, and we have determined the sequence of both fibres, one long and one short. the short fibre is probably associated with the base in the same way as the mamma ... | 1995 | 7563058 |
| genomic mapping and sequence analysis of the fowl adenovirus serotype 10 hexon gene. | the gene for the major capsid protein (hexon) of fowl adenovirus serotype 10 (fav-10) has been identified by the use of the expression vector pgex and rabbit polyclonal antisera raised against fav-10. the nucleotide sequence of the entire hexon gene has been determined. sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 2808 bp coding for a putative polypeptide 936 amino acids long with a molecular mass of 105.5 kda. the translation initiation codon has a local sequence which conforms with the ... | 1995 | 7595364 |
| the fowl adenovirus type 1 (celo) virus-associated rna-encoding gene: a new ribozyme-expression vector. | a new system for hammerhead ribozyme (rz) expression was examined in which fowl adenovirus type 1 (celo) virus-associated rna (celo va rna) was used as a vector for the incorporation of rz to target the mrna of secreted alkaline phosphatase (seap) both in vitro and in vivo. the rz gene was integrated into the celo va rna between the internal promoter boxes a and b; apparently this did not interfere with its transcription. rz integrated into celo va rna and, lacking the viral sequences, exhibited ... | 1995 | 7665077 |
| the identification of genes for the major core proteins of fowl adenovirus serotype 10. | the sequence analysis of 1218 base pairs containing the probable fowl adenovirus (fav) equivalents to the major core genes of human adenovirus (hav) located on the late transcription unit number 2 (l2) has been completed. two open reading frames (orf) 3 prime to the gene for the penton base have been identified (41.3 to 43.4 map units). the putative poly a recognition sequence signalling the end of the l2 transcription unit has also been located. the two orfs identified encode polypeptides that ... | 1993 | 7691049 |
| effect of composting poultry carcasses on survival of exotic avian viruses: highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus and adenovirus of egg drop syndrome-76. | eight-week-old chickens were inoculated with one of two exotic viruses to determine the effect of composting on virus survival. group 1 chickens were inoculated with highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus via the caudal thoracic air sac. group 2 chickens were inoculated with the adenovirus that causes egg drop syndrome-76 (eds-76) by the oral route. five days after inoculation, lung, trachea, and air sacs for hpai and spleen, cecal tonsils, and bursa of fabricius for eds-76 were collecte ... | 1994 | 7702505 |
| pathological studies in broiler chicks fed aflatoxin or ochratoxin and inoculated with inclusion body hepatitis virus singly and in concurrence. | day-old broiler chicks found negative for maternal antibodies against inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) virus by agar gel precipitation test and viral antigen in cloacal swabs by dot enzyme immunoassay were divided into 6 groups of 20 chicks each. group a was fed aflatoxin b1 at 1.25 ppm from 3 to 38 days of age; group o was fed ochratoxin a at 0.5 ppm from 3 to 38 days of age; group v was inoculated with 1 ml of ibh virus of titre log10 6.5 eid50 per 0.2 ml. groups av and ov were given aflatoxin b ... | 1995 | 7762137 |
| inclusion body hepatitis and hemorrhagic enteritis in two african grey parrots (psittacus erithacus) associated with adenovirus. | | 1995 | 7779952 |
| effect of t-lymphocyte depletion on the pathogenesis of marble spleen disease virus infection in ring-necked pheasants. | the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cyclosporine (csp)-mediated t-lymphocyte depletion on the pathogenesis of marble spleen disease virus (msdv) infection in ring-necked pheasants. seventy-two 6-week-old pheasants were divided into three groups; one group of 18 birds was inoculated with msdv, a second group of 18 birds was treated with csp, and a third group of 36 birds was both treated with csp and inoculated with msdv. two birds each from both of the smaller groups and fou ... | 1995 | 7794193 |
| response of specific-pathogen-free turkeys to vaccines derived from marble spleen disease virus and hemorrhagic enteritis virus. | tissue-culture-propagated marble spleen disease virus (msdv-tc) and two preparations of spleen homogenate (msdv-sh and msdv-sh-tc) were compared as anti-hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev) vaccines in specific-pathogen-free turkeys. both types of vaccines spread horizontally among turkeys, induced anti-hev antibodies, and protected turkeys against challenge with virulent hev. antibody development and horizontal spread of virus occurred earlier in turkeys given msdv-sh or msdv-sh-tc than in those g ... | 1994 | 7832705 |
| the pathogenesis of quail bronchitis. | to determine the fate of virus and characterize the development of lesions, 1-week-old bobwhite quails (colinus virginianus) were inoculated intratracheally with 10(6) mean tissue-culture-infective doses of quail bronchitis virus. quails were killed and necropsied sequentially at 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours postinoculation (pi) and on days 2-10 pi. virus was first isolated from the lung as early as 2 hours pi, from cecal tonsils and bursa of fabricius 4 hours pi, and from spleen and liver 8 hours ... | 1994 | 7832708 |
| isolation of an adenovirus from an ostrich (struthio camelus) causing pancreatitis in experimentally infected guinea fowl (numida meleagris). | an adenovirus was isolated from the pancreas, kidney, and lung of a dead 4-month-old ostrich (struthio camelus). experimental infection of week-old guinea fowl (numida meleagris) was carried out in order to study transmission. of the infected keets, six out of 15 died; these exhibited pancreatitis, presence of a hemorrhagic liquid in the abdominal cavity, kidney degeneration, and pulmonary lesions. the remaining birds, euthanatized on day 21 postinoculation, showed chronic pancreatitis. the viru ... | 1994 | 7832722 |
| hemorrhagic enteritis by adenovirus-like particles in turkeys: a possible pathogenic mechanism. | this paper describes an outbreak of hemorrhagic enteritis due to adenovirus in turkeys in spain. diagnosis of the disease was confirmed by histopathological examination and the observation of adenovirus in spleen mononuclear cells and intestinal infiltrate. evidence was also found of intravascular coagulation, which may give rise to the bleeding considered characteristic of this disease. | 1994 | 7832723 |
| adenovirus endopeptidases. | | 1994 | 7845235 |
| long-term episomal gene delivery in human lymphoid cells using human and avian adenoviral-assisted transfection. | human b-lymphoblastoid cells transformed by epstein-barr virus (ebv), a common source of established human cell lines, are generally refractory to standard dna transfection methods. we report here the use of human and chicken adenoviruses for the stable delivery of plasmid dna carrying the latent origin of replication, orip, from ebv into human b-lymphoblastoid cells. long-term hygromycin-resistant transformants of human lymphoblastoid cells belonging to the genetically unstable inherited diseas ... | 1994 | 7873181 |
| [pathogenicity of avian adenoviruses in chickens]. | in the last years avian adenoviruses have caused diseases with similar symptoms and high losses in four countries. the causative viruses could be grouped by cross-neutralization tests and restriction enzyme analysis into four serotypes. within the serotypes there exist strains with pathogenic properties as well as strains without pathogenicity. epidemiologic investigations demonstrated that not only immunosuppression or co-infections produce diseases after adenovirus infections. vertical transmi ... | 1994 | 7940515 |
| experimental infection of bobwhite quail with indiana c adenovirus. | bobwhite quails (colinus virginianus) were inoculated intratracheally, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously with indiana c adenovirus at 1, 3, 6, or 9 weeks of age. mortality rates were 33-100% in quails inoculated at 1 or 3 weeks of age and 0-10% in quails inoculated at 6 or 9 weeks of age. gross and histologic lesions included necrotizing tracheitis and bronchitis with pneumonia, necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis, and lymphoid depletion of the bursa of fabricius; these were consistent with q ... | 1994 | 7980283 |
| inclusion body hepatitis in gambel's quail (callipepla gambelii). | an acute necrotizing hepatitis in 1- to 3-wk-old gambel's quail (callipepla gambelii) caused by an adenovirus is described. the infection caused high mortality in captive raised, orphan chicks at two wildlife rehabilitation facilities in arizona (usa). gross lesions varied from pale livers to multiple, pinpoint, white foci scattered throughout the livers. microscopically, scattered foci of hepatocellular necrosis were present. intact hepatocytes at teh periphery of necrotic foci had eosinophilic ... | 1994 | 8028119 |
| histochemical/histoenzymic studies in broiler chicks fed aflatoxin, ochratoxin and inoculated with inclusion body hepatitis virus singly and in concurrence. | the effect of feeding mycotoxins, i.e. aflatoxin b1 (1.25 ppm from 3 to 38 days of age) and ochratoxin a (0.5 ppm from 3 to 38 days of age) along with inclusion body hepatitis virus (ibhv) inoculation (at 10 days of age) singly and in combination was studied in broiler chicks. birds in combined treatment groups, i.e. aflatoxin fed and virus inoculated and ochratoxin fed and virus inoculated, showed more changes in activities of phosphatases (akpase, atpase, g-6-pase and acpase) in liver and kidn ... | 1994 | 8028644 |
| the penton base of human adenovirus type 3 has the rgd motif. | the gene encoding the penton base of human adenovirus (ad) type 3 has been sequenced. the resulting amino-acid sequence has an arg-gly-asp (rgd) motif located near its middle in a hydrophilic region. the same motif is found in serotypes 2, 5 and 12. this sequence was found [wickham et al., cell 73 (1993) 309-319] to be involved in the internalisation of ad2 through an interaction with some specific integrins. | 1994 | 8076828 |
| chicken adenovirus (celo virus) particles augment receptor-mediated dna delivery to mammalian cells and yield exceptional levels of stable transformants. | delivery of genes via receptor-mediated endocytosis is severely limited by the poor exit of endocytosed dna from the endosome. a large enhancement in delivery efficiency has been obtained by including human adenovirus particles in the delivery system. this enhancement is probably a function of the natural adenovirus entry mechanism, which must include passage through or disruption of the endosomal membrane. in an effort to identify safer virus particles useful in this application, we have tested ... | 1993 | 8099627 |
| pathogenesis of hemorrhagic enteritis virus infection in turkeys. | the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic enteritis was investigated in 4-week-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) turkeys after oral administration of hemorrhagic enteritis virus. the virus antigen was detected and quantified in tissues at various days post-infection (dpi) by an avidin-biotin-enhanced enzyme immunoassay and was located by a monoclonal antibody-based immunoperoxidase (ip) staining technique. in the intestinal tract, low levels of viral antigen were detected from 1 to 3 and 9 to 15 dpi, where ... | 1993 | 8128806 |
| replication cycle and associated biosynthetic reactions for a non-oncogenic avian adenovirus. | the replication cycle of the non-oncogenic fowl adenovirus serotype 10 (fav-10) has been examined. the onset of viral dna synthesis was shown to commence at about 10 h postinfection (hpi) defining the early period of viral replication as prior to this time and the late phase as that time following the initiation of dna replication. virus titre rapidly increased between 18 and 24 hpi with maximum virus yield between 28 and 30 hpi. the late phase transcription profiles of the fav-10 genome from 10 ... | 1993 | 8212861 |
| identification of a fowl adenovirus gene with sequence homology to the 100k gene of human adenovirus. | the nucleotide sequence of a region of the fowl adenovirus serotype 10 (fav-10) genome, located between map units 57.3 and 62.6, has been determined. this sequence contains the entire coding region of the fav equivalent to the 100k gene of human adenovirus (hav). the fav 100k polypeptide was found to consist of 798 amino acids with a deduced m(r) of 89,023. | 1993 | 8224879 |
| biological characterisation of an indian isolate of egg drop syndrome-76 virus. | an isolate of egg drop syndrome-76 virus replicated best in primary chicken embryo liver cells and less well in duck embryo liver cells, duck embryo fibroblast cells and chicken embryo kidney cells. the cytopathic effect in chicken embryo liver cells was marked by the presence of round and refractile cells and detachment of cells from the glass surface. the intranuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies were observed by 24 to 48 hours after infection. no virus multiplication was observed in primary ... | 1993 | 8284511 |
| serological relationships within the group e fowl adenoviruses. | antisera were raised in chickens to six group e fowl adenoviruses (fav) which have been divided into a highly virulent (hypervirulent) and a mildly virulent subgroup using restriction endonuclease analysis. virus neutralisations showed that these two distinct restriction endonuclease groups were distinguishable serologically, and indicated a possible vaccine candidate for use against the hypervirulent fav. the suitability of this candidate was established in challenge experiments where vaccinati ... | 1993 | 8294186 |
| physical mapping and homology studies of egg drop syndrome (eds-76) adenovirus dna. | homologous sequences between eds-76 adenovirus strain 127 dna and bovine adenovirus dna were found by the southern blotting technique and no homology with celo virus dna could be detected. these data suggest a genetic similarity between eds-76 virus and bovine adenoviruses. the fragments generated form eds-76 adenovirus dna by eight restriction endonucleases were physically mapped. | 1993 | 8380323 |
| protection of turkeys against haemorrhagic enteritis by monoclonal antibody and hexon immunization. | virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies specific for the hexon of haemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev), a turkey adenovirus, were examined for their ability to confer passive protection against haemorrhagic enteritis (he) in turkeys. a high dose of antibody prevented clinical disease and reduced virus replication in experimentally infected birds. this suggests that virus neutralization might be an important mechanism for protection against he. subsequently, the use of the hexon protein as a subun ... | 1993 | 8383383 |
| use of virulent hemorrhagic enteritis virus for the induction of colibacillosis in turkeys. | three hundred fifty 1-day-old large white turkeys were reared in brooding batteries to 10 days of age, after which they were moved to floor pens on litter. at 7 weeks of age, poults were allotted into four treatment groups as follows: 1) virulent hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev) alone (100 turkeys), 2) escherichia coli alone (100 turkeys), 3) hev + e. coli (100 turkeys), and 4) negative controls (50 turkeys). hev was given orally at 7 weeks of age, followed by e. coli challenge in the drinking ... | 1993 | 8383956 |
| [analysis of rat2 cells, transformed by the celo (fav1) virus, using the polymerase chain reaction]. | dnas extracted from the rat2 cells transformed by the celo virus (strain phelps) have been analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. sequences belonging to the left end of the viral genome (according to ishibashi & yasue, 1984) were not found in the tested dnas. on the other hand, the polymerase chain reaction data have revealed the presence of fragments specific of the opposite end. we conclude that this region may have included the genes responsible for cell transformation, at least as far as phe ... | 1993 | 8394508 |
| evaluation of the interaction of eimeria meleagrimitis with hemorrhagic enteritis virus or marble spleen disease virus in turkeys. | the interaction of eimeria meleagrimitis with hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev) or marble spleen disease virus (msdv) was studied in 4-week-old female turkeys. birds given either virus in combination with the coccidia showed greater weight gain than did birds given hev alone. a combination of msdv and e. meleagrimitis resulted in significantly lower oocyst production when oocysts were counted from individual birds. levels of serum glucose, serum albumin, and total protein were reduced in birds g ... | 1993 | 8395795 |
| adenovirus inclusion body ventriculitis in chickens and captive bobwhite quail (colinus virginianus). | gizzard erosions and ulcers are associated with dietary deficiencies and toxins. a retrospective study of histopathology reports over an 8-year period (1985-92) found six cases of adenovirus inclusion body ventriculitis in broiler and leghorn chickens and captive bobwhite quail (colinus viriginianus) in south georgia. the relationship between intralesional virus and the pathogenesis of ventricular lesions in chicks and quail in the present study is not known. | 1993 | 8395808 |
| liquid crystalline dna in fowl adenovirus. | fowl adenovirus particles were studied using negative stain electron microscopy. upon preparation, some particles collapsed and showed their internal structure. the dna could be observed as thin parallel lines with a spacing of 25 a, very similar to images of the liquid crystalline dna in bacteriophage heads and in herpes virus. | 1993 | 8396954 |
| pathogenesis of type ii avian adenovirus infection in turkeys: in vivo immune cell tropism and tissue distribution of the virus. | hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev), a type ii avian adenovirus, causes intestinal hemorrhages and immunosuppression in turkeys. in this study, we exposed turkeys to virulent hev and examined fractionated spleen cells for the presence of viral dna by in situ hybridization and amplification of dna extracted from virus-infected cells by pcr. hev replication was detected only in the immunoglobulin m-bearing b lymphocytes and macrophage-like cells but not in the cd4+ or cd8+ t lymphocytes. the inabili ... | 1996 | 8523540 |
| approaches to food-based vaccines for domestic chickens. | domestic chickens were fed viral vaccines that were applied to the surface of food pellets. responses were judged by the production of specific antibodies, and compared with the responses obtained when the same vaccines were given by conventional routes. chickens responded similarly to commercial avian infectious encephalomyelitis vaccine given on food or by eyedrop when antibodies were measured by elisa, and the vaccine virus spread by contact. increasing the dose of oral vaccine tenfold gave a ... | 1995 | 8545968 |
| gross and histologic lesions of adenovirus group i in guinea fowl. | | 1995 | 8580184 |
| hydropericardium syndrome in broiler chickens: its contagious nature and pathology. | twenty-five-day-old broiler chickens were inoculated intramuscularly or orally with a suspension prepared from the livers of chickens naturally affected with hydropericardium syndrome (hps), and uninoculated chickens were kept in the same room with the inoculated birds. the mortality rates in the chickens inoculated intramuscularly or orally were 100 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively. the corresponding groups of uninoculated chickens had mortality rates of 60 per cent and 53.3 per cent, res ... | 1995 | 8588094 |
| characterization of the haemorrhagic enteritis virus genome and the sequence of the putative penton base and core protein genes. | haemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev) is a member of a genetically ill-defined group within the genus aviadenovirus which causes significant clinical disease in gallinaceous fowl. using dna obtained from a low virulence isolate of hev passed in turkeys, we developed a genomic restriction map and estimated an apparent genomic length of 25.5 kb. no evidence for extensive dna hybridization was found between the hev genome and either the hexon or penton base genes of human adenovirus 2 (hadv-2) and fow ... | 1996 | 8601784 |
| pathogenicity of quail's inclusion body hepatitis virus (avian adenovirus-1) for japanese quails and broiler chicks. | quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and broiler (gallus domesticus) chicks were inoculated experimentally with ibh virus (avian adenovirus-1) derived from quails to determine its pathogenicity. quail chicks were inoculated by the intraperitoneal route at 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 weeks of age. lesions were encountered most frequently in the liver, kidneys and lungs. these included pale, swollen and mottled liver, swollen nephrotic kidneys, and congested and pneumonic lungs. the lesions were severe in birds ... | 1995 | 8619292 |
| the complete dna sequence and genomic organization of the avian adenovirus celo. | the complete dna sequence of the avian adenovirus chicken embryo lethal orphan (celo) virus (fav-1) is reported here. the genome was found to be 43,804 bp in length, approximately 8 kb longer than those of the human subgenus c adenoviruses (ad2 and ad5). this length is supported by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of genomes isolated from several related fav-1 isolates (indiana c and ote). the genes for major viral structural proteins (illa, penton base, hexon, pvi, and pviii), as well ... | 1996 | 8627769 |
| genes for fowl adenovirus celo penton base and core polypeptides. | a 3.5-kilobase dna fragment of the fowl adenovirus type 1 (celo), located between map units 31.1 and 39.4 has been determined. the sequence contains the probable celo equivalents of the iiia protein, penton base, pvii and pv core protein genes of human adenovirus (hav). the celo penton base and major core protein (analog hav pvii) were found to consist of 514 (56.8 kda) and 72 amino acids (8.4 kda), respectively. | 1996 | 8634026 |
| comparison by restriction enzyme analysis of three fowl adenoviruses of varying pathogenicity. | restriction enzyme studies have been used to divide the fowl adenoviruses (fav) into 5 groups - a, b,c,d and e. more detailed restriction enzyme studies of a series of group e fav field isolates showed that these methods could differentiate between mildly and hypervirulent fav belonging to this group. we have mapped the genomes of the hypervirulent (cfa 40) and two of the mildly virulent fav (cfa 44 and cfa 3), using 11 different restriction enzymes: hindiii, bglii, xbai, ndei, spei, drai, noti, ... | 1996 | 8701571 |
| immunosuppressive potential and pathogenicity of an avian adenovirus isolate involved in hydropericardium syndrome in broilers. | the role of avian adenovirus isolate parc-1 as an immunosuppressive agent was investigated using a newcastle disease virus (ndv) vaccine immune response procedure. the immunosuppressive effect on the humoral immune response was investigated up to 21 days after inoculation with adenovirus. infected chickens showed a serologic response to ndv that was reduced compared with that of the controls. to further investigate the effect of the virus on major lymphoid organs, the pattern of virus disseminat ... | 1995 | 8719205 |
| variations in response of four lines of ring-necked pheasants to infection with marble spleen disease virus. | this study evaluated the response and susceptibility of four lines of ring-necked pheasants to infection with marble spleen disease (msd) virus. fifteen birds of the following lines were used: the standard ring-necked gamebird, the highly inbred jumbo white, the sichuan, and the first-generation cross of the sichuan and the standard gamebird. baseline immune responses were assessed at 6 weeks of age by lymphoblastogenesis assays. all birds were orally challenged at 7 weeks of age with cell -cult ... | 1996 | 8790879 |
| electron microscopic evidence for infection of splenic dendritic cells by adenovirus in psittacine birds. | the spleens of four psittacine birds suffering from natural type ii avian adenoviral infection were studied by histopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural techniques to determine the target cells of this virus in the spleen. typical adenoviral replication sites were found in lymphocytes and dendritic cells. | 1995 | 8834755 |
| an improved dot elisa to detect fowl adenovirus type-1 antigen. | an improved dot immunobinding assay to detect fowl adenovirus type-1 is described. the method consists of spotting of antigen on nitrocellulose membrane sheet, blocking with either 5% acetic acid or with 5% defatted milk powder and fixation of either antigen or antigen-antibody complex, with either 50% methanol or 0.25% glutaraldehyde or 0.2% tannic acid. the results revealed that fixation of both antigen and antigen-antibody complex resulted in 4-fold increase in sensitivity when acetic acid wa ... | 1993 | 8403840 |
| immunopathogenesis and physical maps of fowl adenovirus serotype 9. | restriction endonuclease maps of the genome of fowl adenovirus (fav) serotype 9 have been constructed for the restriction endonucleases ndei, noti and xbai. the total size of the fav-9 genome was estimated to be 44.5 kb pairs, consistent with previous reports that fav genomes are approximately 10 kb larger than human adenovirus (hav). the pathogenicity of this virus in day-old chickens was intermediate between the pathogenicity of the non-pathogenic and the highly pathogenic favs. | 1996 | 8880992 |
| egg drop syndrome '76 in bolivia. | four outbreaks of egg drop syndrome '76 (eds '76) were diagnosed between april 1993 and july 1993 in the santa cruz department of bolivia, around the department capital santa cruz. three outbreaks involved commercial laying birds and the fourth a broiler breeder unit. clinical signs were typical of eds '76 with decreases in egg production of up to 55% being recorded as well as the production of thin shelled and shell-less eggs. a total of 183 serum samples from the 4 farms were tested for the pr ... | 1996 | 8888524 |
| protection against hemorrhagic enteritis and newcastle disease in turkeys by embryo vaccination with monovalent and bivalent vaccines. | the feasibility of embryo vaccination against hemorrhagic enteritis (he) and newcastle disease (nd) in specific-pathogen-free turkey embryos was studied. turkey eggs were injected with marble spleen disease virus (msdv) at embryonation day (ed) 24, and tissues of poults hatching from virus-injected eggs were examined for msdv. the virus was detected in spleen, intestine, liver, and bursa between 4 to 10 days postinoculation (pi). the peak titer of msdv was present in the spleen at 6 days pi. pou ... | 1993 | 8395802 |
| molecular cloning and restriction enzyme mapping of avian adenovirus type 8 dna. | avian adenovirus (aav) type 8 was cultured in an avian hepatoma cell line designated ch-sah and the viral dna extracted and purified. restriction enzyme analysis of viral dna using the endonucleases apai, ecori, hindiii, kpni, noti, spei, stui and xbai was carried out, and fragments representing the entire genome were cloned. according to the restriction enzyme fragments, the size of the aav type 8 genome was calculated to be 44.7 kb. subcloning of viral dna fragments and hybridization studies u ... | 1996 | 8896244 |
| dna in situ hybridization for the rapid diagnosis of massive necrotizing avian adenovirus hepatitis and pancreatitis in chicks. | the present study describes the use of dna in situ hybridization for the rapid diagnosis of massive necrotizing adenovirus hepatitis and pancreatitis in broiler chicks. a light microscope and dna probes were used to identify avian adenovirus in replicate sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver and pancreas from field and experimental chicks. avian adenovirus infection was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and virus isolation. | 1996 | 8980813 |
| organization of the avian adenovirus genome and the structure of its endopeptidase. | in the search for the endopeptidase gene, short segments of genomic dna were sequenced from the avian adenovirus type 1 (celo) hindiii c and g fragments. on the basis of homology of the translated segments to ad2 proteins, the genes for hexon, endopeptidase, dna-binding protein, and 100k protein were mapped in that order between map units 41 and 63. the endopeptidase gene was encoded within a 900 nucleotide segment extending leftward from the ecori site at coordinate 50. the predicted aavl endop ... | 1993 | 8395124 |
| immunological and molecular comparison of fowl adenovirus serotypes 4 and 10. | some discussion has centered on whether fowl adenovirus (fav) serotypes 4 and 10 are distinct serotypes or in fact should be reclassified as a single serotype. we have undertaken a detailed characterisation of representatives of both serotypes in order to determine if types 4 and 10 should be grouped together or retained as distinct serotypes. examination at the genomic level has revealed considerable similarities and few differences between these 2 serotypes. dna cross-hybridization failed to d ... | 1995 | 7733822 |
| epidemiology of inclusion body hepatitis in poultry in northern india from 1990 to 1994. | the epidemiology of inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) was studied in poultry in northern india, from april 1990 to march 1994, to evaluate the various factors responsible for causing and determining the severity of the disease. broiler chicks and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were the species examined. the factor observed to be most commonly associated with ibh was the presence of aflatoxins in the feed at higher than permissible levels, i.e. 20 parts per billion. avian adenovirus-1 w ... | 1996 | 9025150 |
| identification and characterization of penton base and pviii protein of egg drop syndrome virus. | the nucleotide sequence and location of the penton base and pviii genes of the egg drop syndrome (eds) virus an avian adenovirus, were determined. the penton base gene is located at 34.8-38.8 map units. the coding sequence has a length of 1359 nt and encodes a polypeptide of 452 amino acids (aa) with a molecular weight of 51 105 da. the amino acid sequence shows a homology of 57.3 and 55.3% to the structural protein ih of human adenovirus serotype 2 (had2) and fowl adenovirus serotype 1 (fav1). ... | 1997 | 9037737 |
| identification of a novel antiapoptotic protein, gam-1, encoded by the celo adenovirus. | we have developed a simple screening method to identify genes that mimic bcl-2 or adenovirus e1b 19k in enhancing cell survival after transfection and have used this method to identify such a gene in the avian adenovirus celo. the gene encodes a novel 30-kda nuclear protein, which we have named gam-1, that functions comparably to bcl-2 and adenovirus e1b 19k in blocking apoptosis. however, gam-1 has no sequence homology to bcl-2, e1b 19k, or any other known antiapoptotic proteins and thus define ... | 1997 | 9060680 |
| the oncogenic potential of eleven avian adenovirus strains. | oncogenic potentials of 11 strains of avian adenovirus representing 10 serotypes were investigated in 22 litters of 1-day-old syrian hamsters (mesocricetus auratus). hamsters were inoculated via two routes: subcutaneous dose of 0.12 ml and intracerebral dose of 0.02 ml. six strains, indiana-c (ind-c), chicken embryo lethal orphan (celo), stein, 75-1a, b-3, and a-2, induced fibrosarcomas subcutaneously at the inoculation site. hamsters inoculated intracerebrally with ind-c, celo, stein, b-3, and ... | 1997 | 9087343 |
| close phylogenetic relationship between egg drop syndrome virus, bovine adenovirus serotype 7, and ovine adenovirus strain 287. | a cloned egg drop syndrome (eds) virus genomic dna fragment containing the protease gene has been identified and the complete nucleotide sequence of the protease and partial nucleotide sequence of the hexon genes has been determined. phylogenetic analysis of the protease gene has revealed eds virus to be genetically more closely related to bovine adenovirus type 7 (bav-7) and ovine adenovirus isolate 287 (oav287) than either of these two viruses are to other members of the genus mastadenovirus o ... | 1997 | 9123875 |
| comparison of agar-gel precipitin responses among strains of fowl adenovirus using antigens prepared from chorioallantoic membranes and chicken kidney cell cultures. | agar-gel precipitin responses obtained for serologically different strains of fowl adenovirus (fav) in tests using antigens prepared from fav-infected chorioallantoic membranes (cam antigen) and chicken kidney cell cultures (ckc antigen) were compared. findings showed that both types of antigens exhibited less sensitivity to heterologous than to homologous antisera and that quantitative differences in sensitivity were present between serotypes. cam antigens were more sensitive than ckc antigens ... | 1995 | 7492655 |
| isolation and identification of avian adenovirus from a case of inclusion body hepatitis in broilers in malaysia. | | 1983 | 6317137 |
| hydropathic characteristics of adenovirus hexons. | the complete nucleotide sequence and the predicted amino acid sequence of the adenovirus type 7 hexon gene were determined. the hydropathy of the hexon proteins from human adenovirus types 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 12, 16, 40, 41, and 48, bovine adenovirus type 3, murine adenovirus type 1, and avian adenovirus types 1 and 10 was analysed. the presence of purines and pyrimidines in the second position of the codons was correlated to hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, respectively. comparison of the hydrophi ... | 1997 | 9267445 |
| dna sequence analysis of an avian adenovirus terminal protein precursor. | nucleotide sequence of the genomic region between map units 25 and 31 of the fowl adenovirus serotype 10 (fav 10) was determined and analyzed. an open reading frame (orf) running from right to left (that is on /-strand) of 1806 nucleotides in length was found. this orf encoded a polypeptide of 602 amino acids with a molecular weight (m[r]) of approximately 70.4 kilo-daltons. the genomic location of the orf was determined to be between map units 25.5 and 29.5, similar to the genomic position of t ... | 1997 | 9311569 |
| neutralising antibody and challenge response to live and inactivated avian adenovirus-1 in broilers. | immune responses to live and inactivated avian adenovirus-1 were evaluated in broilers by neutralising antibody response and challenge reaction. the neutralising antibody titre was 1:256, 1:64 and 1:32 in live virus, inactivated virus and uninoculated control birds respectively at 3 weeks post inoculation when they were challenged. at one week post challenge the antibody titres were 1:941, 1:247 and 1:375 in live virus, inactivated virus and control birds, respectively. there was a booster effec ... | 1997 | 9316229 |
| hydropericardium syndrome (hps) in india: a preliminary study on the causative agent and control of the disease by inactivated autogenous vaccine. | hydropericardium syndrome (hps) in broiler birds of 3 to 6 weeks of age was recorded for the first time in the haldwani area of nainital district (up) in india in november, 1994. the overall mortality in 6 poultry farms was 61.62 per cent. the disease was experimentally transmitted by bacteria free infected liver homogenate extract passed through membrane filters of 0.22 and 0.1 mu apd. the aetiological agent was inactivated by heat treatment at 56 degrees c for one hour and 80 degrees c for 10 ... | 1997 | 9316232 |
| characterization of an avian adenovirus associated with inclusion body hepatitis in day-old turkeys. | a group i avian adenovirus isolated from day-old turkeys with inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) was identified as turkey adenovirus serotype 2 (tav2) based on cross-neutralization assays and dna restriction endonuclease analyses. yolk sac inoculation of embryonated turkey eggs resulted in embryo mortality and significantly (p < 0.01) decreased hatchability compared with sham-inoculated controls. embryo mortality occurred primarily between day 24 of incubation and the time embryos hatched. focal nec ... | 1997 | 9356722 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of the egg drop syndrome virus: an intermediate between mastadenoviruses and aviadenoviruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence of an avian adenovirus, the egg drop syndrome (eds) virus, was determined. the total genome length is 33,213 nucleotides, resulting in a molecular weight of 21.9 x 10(6). the gc content is only 42.5%. between map units 3.5 and 76.9, the distribution of open reading frames with homology to known genes is similar to that reported for other mammalian and avian adenoviruses. however, no homologies to adenovirus genes such as e1a, pix, pv, and e3 could be found. outsi ... | 1997 | 9375018 |
| association of adenovirus infection with human obesity. | we previously reported that chickens infected with the avian adenovirus smam-1 developed a unique syndrome characterized by excessive intra-abdominal fat deposition accompanied by paradoxically low serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. there have been no previous reports of avian adenoviruses infecting humans. we screened the serum of 52 humans with obesity in bombay, india, for antibodies against smam-1 virus using the agar gel precipitation test (agpt) method. bodyweights and serum choles ... | 1997 | 9385623 |
| lesions induced in the respiratory tract of chickens by serologically different adenoviruses. | ten strains of adenovirus representing 10 serotypes were administered intratracheally to two groups of 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. birds in group 1 were given only adenovirus. birds in group 2 were inoculated with a virulent infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) by eye-drop at one day of age as well as with the adenovirus at 3 weeks. the chicks were examined daily. respiratory rales were observed in some birds with the dual infection. gross pathologic alterations were minimal an ... | 1982 | 6293441 |
| studies on the egg-drop syndrome. | | 1981 | 6269409 |
| gastrointestinal pathogenicity of adenoviruses and reoviruses isolated from broiler chickens in alabama. | adenoviruses and reoviruses isolated from commercial broiler chickens were evaluated for gastrointestinal pathogenicity in specific-pathogen-free leghorn chickens. the viruses were originally isolated from either the proventriculus or a gastrointestinal pool of tissues of broiler chickens with proventriculitis or enteritis. isolates were cloned by terminal dilution. day-old chickens were inoculated by oral and ocular routes with undiluted tissue culture fluids (titers of 10[2]-10[4] tcid50/ml) a ... | 1998 | 9576341 |
| serological identification of avian adenoviruses isolated from cases of inclusion body hepatitis in victoria, australia. | sixteen avian adenoviruses isolated from 12 cases of inclusion body hepatitis (ibh), 3 cases of respiratory disease, and a case of ruptured tendons were compared using antisera raised against 9 fowl adenovirus prototype strains. eleven isolates from livers of birds with ibh were classified into 4 different serological groups: 1) yr36 (type 7)-related; 2) hvi (type 8)-related; 3) variants--type 6-,7-, and s-related; and 4) type 50--not closely related to any of the prototype antisera tested. thes ... | 1980 | 6268046 |
| purification of egg drop syndrome-76 virus by velocity density gradient centrifugation. a comparative study. | | 1997 | 9607086 |
| analysis of the hexon gene sequence of bovine adenovirus type 4 provides further support for a new adenovirus genus (atadenovirus). | the putative hexon gene of bovine adenovirus type 4 (bav-4), encoding 910 amino acid residues, has been identified and sequenced. a characteristic codon usage biased towards the use of at-rich triplets was observed. comparative analysis with other hexon sequences detected a high level of amino acid identity in the regions corresponding to the pedestals of the hexon. substitutions, insertions and deletions were identified mainly in the variable regions forming the loops which are exposed on the o ... | 1998 | 9634088 |
| [antibody formation after the experimental infection of dogs with various avian adenovirus strains]. | | 1980 | 6260078 |
| fowl adenovirus recombinant expressing vp2 of infectious bursal disease virus induces protective immunity against bursal disease. | the right hand end nde i fragment 3 (90.8-100 map units) of the fowl adenovirus serotype 10 (fav-10) was characterised so as to allow the location of an insertion site for recombinant vector construction. infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vp2 gene from the australian classical strain 002/73, under the control of the fav-10 major late promoter/leader sequence (mlp/ls) was inserted into a unique not i site that was generated at 99.5 map units. this recombinant virus was produced without delet ... | 1998 | 9645198 |
| protection of broiler breeders by an inactivated combined water-in-oil-in-water viral vaccine. | a four-component vaccine, prepared by combining the single vaccines, contains subunits of newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis viruses, as well as whole inactivated infectious bursal disease and egg drop syndrome viruses. the vaccine is prepared in the form of a low-viscosity water-in-oil-in-water emulsion with low mineral oil content. heavy breeders were vaccinated at the age of 20 weeks by intramuscular administration of 0.5 ml vaccine/bird in an experiment carried out under field condi ... | 1998 | 9704508 |
| mode of inheritance of unselected traits in lines of chickens selected for high or low antibody response to sheep red blood cells. 1. resistance to marble spleen disease virus and juvenile body weight. | two lines of white leghorns that had undergone long-term selection for high (hh) or low (ll) antibody response to sheep red blood cell antigen(s) formed the nuclear lines for this experiment. matings were made in a full diallel cross to produce in a single hatch from age-contemporary breeders the parental lines, reciprocal f1 and f2 crosses, and backcrosses for 16 progeny types. for males and females, there were parental line differences in bw to 42 d of age, after which there was decline betwee ... | 1998 | 9706069 |
| incidence and distribution of "avian adenovirus group ii splenomegaly of chickens". | forty-six percent of 3,585 serum samples from 174 broiler-breeder chicken flocks in 9 states were positive for the precipitating antibody of hemorrhagic enteritis (he) of turkeys/marble spleen disease (msd) of pheasants. seroconversion was detected only in flocks 19 weeks of age and older. the percent of individual serum samples positive within a flock increased with the age of the flock. | 1980 | 6255924 |