| body color development and genetic analysis of hybrid transparent crucian carp (carassius auratus). | the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic mechanism of the transparent trait in transparent crucian carp. we observed body color development in transparent crucian carp larvae and analyzed heredity of color in hybrids produced with red crucian carp, ornamental carp, and red purse carp. the results showed that the body color of the newly hatched larvae matured into the adult pattern at approximately 54 days post-hatching. two inter-species reciprocal crosses between transparent crucian ... | 2015 | 25966213 |
| behavioral and biochemical responses in freshwater fish carassius auratus exposed to sertraline. | sertraline is one of the most commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and is frequently detected in the aquatic environment. however, knowledge regarding relationships among molecular or biochemical endpoints involved in modes of action (moas) of sertraline and ecologically important behavioral responses of fish is insufficient. the present study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration and possible adverse outcomes pathways (aops) in crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed ... | 2015 | 25950408 |
| variations in temperature acclimation effects on glycogen storage, hypoxia tolerance and swimming performance with seasonal acclimatization in juvenile chinese crucian carp. | the aim of this study was to test whether temperature acclimation (10 vs 20 °c) effects on tissue glycogen content, hypoxia tolerance, and swimming performance of chinese crucian carp (carassius auratus) varied with seasonal acclimatization (winter vs spring) and potential combined interactions. both the routine metabolic rate (mo(2rout)) and critical oxygen tension (p(crit)) of the mo(2rout) increased significantly with temperature, whereas the seasonal acclimatization showed no significant eff ... | 2015 | 25776929 |
| distribution and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in the food web of nansi lake, china. | the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were analyzed in water, sediment, and biota (aquatic plant, shrimp, and fish) of nansi lake by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the concentrations of total pahs were 27.54-55.04 ng l(-1) in water, 80.31-639.23 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw) in sediments, 20.92-192.78 ng g(-1) dw in aquatic plants, and 67.3-533.9 ng g(-1) dw in fish and shrimp muscles. the ratios of phenanthrene to anthracene (ph/an), fluoranthene to pyrene (flu ... | 2015 | 25762425 |
| evaluation of the potential for trophic transfer of roxithromycin along an experimental food chain. | pharmaceuticals have been recognized as a new class of environmental pollutants in recent years. but data about their potential for transfer and biomagnification in aquatic food chains are still lacking. in this study, bioaccumulation of the macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (rox) was determined in an experimental aquatic food chain involving the green algae scenedesmus obliquus, the water flea daphnia magna and the crucian carp carassius auratus. after 48 h of exposure, s. obliquus accumulated ... | 2015 | 25739841 |
| rapid genomic dna changes in allotetraploid fish hybrids. | rapid genomic change has been demonstrated in several allopolyploid plant systems; however, few studies focused on animals. we addressed this issue using an allotetraploid lineage (4nat) of freshwater fish originally derived from the interspecific hybridization of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var., ♀, 2n=100) × common carp (cyprinus carpio l., ♂, 2n=100). we constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library from allotetraploid hybrids in the 20th generation (f20) and sequenc ... | 2015 | 25669608 |
| reversible brain swelling in crucian carp (carassius carassius) and goldfish (carassius auratus) in response to high external ammonia and anoxia. | increased internal ammonia (hyperammonemia) and ischemic/anoxic insults are known to result in a cascade of deleterious events that can culminate in potentially fatal brain swelling in mammals. it is less clear, however, if the brains of fishes respond to ammonia in a similar manner. the present study demonstrated that the crucian carp (carassius carassius) was not only able to endure high environmental ammonia exposure (hea; 2 to 22 mmol l(-1)) but that they experienced 30% increases in brain w ... | 2015 | 25582543 |
| [effect of rate of water temperature increase on sensitivity of fish digestive glycosidases to action of copper and zinc]. | an increase in sensitivity of glycosidases of intestinal mucosa has been established in fry of goldfish carassius auratus, carp cyprinus carpio, roach rutilus rutilus, and common perch perca fluviatilis to action in vitro of heavy metal ions (copper and zinc at concentrations of 0.1-25 mg/l) at heating of water at the summer period. the inhibitory effect of copper and zinc ions as a rule was higher at the heating rate of 50 degrees c/h than at the rate of 4 degrees c/h. glycosidases of the perch ... | 2014 | 25508933 |
| [effect of rate of water temperature increase on sensitivity of fish digestive glycosidases to action of copper and zinc]. | an increase in sensitivity of glycosidases of intestinal mucosa has been established in fry of goldfish carassius auratus, carp cyprinus carpio, roach rutilus rutilus, and common perch perca fluviatilis to action in vitro of heavy metal ions (copper and zinc at concentrations of 0.1-25 mg/l) at heating of water at the summer period. the inhibitory effect of copper and zinc ions as a rule was higher at the heating rate of 50 degrees c/h than at the rate of 4 degrees c/h. glycosidases of the perch ... | 2014 | 25486802 |
| analysis of mitochondrial respiratory-related genes reveals nuclear and mitochondrial genome cooperation in allotetraploid hybrid. | an allotetraploid hybrid lineage derived from the distant hybridization of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var., ♀, 2n =100) × common carp (cyprinus carpio l., ♂, 2n =100) was investigated for its mitochondrial and nuclear genome inheritance patterns. based on liver transcriptomic data for this hybrid, red crucian carp, and common carp, we identified 94, 136, and 86 contigs corresponding to 41, 46, and 37 mitochondrial respiratory chain nuclear genes, respectively. mitochondrial respirat ... | 2014 | 25470286 |
| effects and bioaccumulation of 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol following long-term exposure in crucian carp. | bioaccumulation and effects of 17β-estradiol (e2) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (ee2) were assessed by crucian carp (carassius auratus) following single and binary mixture exposures in flow-through exposure system for 16 months. in comparison with water control (dwc) and solvent control (sc), a significant reduction in body weight, body length and gonadosomatic index (gsi), and increase in hepatosomatic index (hsi) and plasma vitellogenin (vtg) levels were observed, in a time- and concentration-depen ... | 2015 | 25463868 |
| preparation of a polyclonal antibody against goldfish (carassius auratus) vitellogenin and its application to detect the estrogenic effects of monocrotophos pesticide. | goldfish (carassius auratus) represents a good model to detect the estrogenic effects of chemicals, and vitellogenin (vtg) is a vital indicator of estrogenic activity. the heterologous anti-carp vtg antibody has previously been used for goldfish vtg detection. here, we report the preparation of an anti-goldfish vtg antibody to improve the sensitivity and specificity of goldfish vtg immunoassays. vtg was purified from the plasma of 17β-estradiol (e2)-induced goldfish by gel filtration followed by ... | 2015 | 25450922 |
| comparative pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin nicotinate in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and crucian carp (carassius auratus) after oral administration. | comparative pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin nicotinate (nfxnt) was investigated in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and crucian carp (carassius auratus) after a single oral dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). analyses of plasma samples were performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (uplc) with fluorescence detection. after oral dose, plasma concentration-time curves of common carp and crucian carp were best described by a two-compartment open model with first-order absorption. the ph ... | 2015 | 25427758 |
| biological effects and bioaccumulation of pharmaceutically active compounds in crucian carp caged near the outfall of a sewage treatment plant. | pharmaceutically active compounds (phacs) have been universally detected in rivers, lakes and coastal waters that are affected by effluents from sewage treatment plants (stps). in this study, the biological effects and bioaccumulation of phacs were assessed in crucian carp (carassius auratus) caged in an effluent-receiving river for 21 days. compared with control fish in the laboratory and at a reference site, a significant reduction in hepatosomatic index (hsi) and increase in the biotransforma ... | 2015 | 25406643 |
| validation of reference genes for rt-qpcr analysis of cyp4t expression in crucian carp. | reference genes are commonly used for normalization of target gene expression during rt-qpcr analysis. however, no housekeeping genes or reference genes have been identified to be stable across different tissue types or under different experimental conditions. to identify the most suitable reference genes for rt-qpcr analysis of target gene expression in the hepatopancreas of crucian carp (carassius auratus) under various conditions (sex, age, water temperature, and drug treatments), seven refer ... | 2014 | 25249772 |
| complete mitochondrial dna genome of triploid pengze crucian carp (carassius auratus). | the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of triploid pengze crucian carp was 16,580 bp in length. the mitochondrial genome contains 22 transfer rnas, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rnas and 2 non-coding regions (control region and origin of light-strand replication). all genes were encoded on the heavy strain except for nd6 and eight trna genes. the overall base composition is a 31.53%, t 26.23%, g 16.15%, c 26.09%, with an a + t bias of 57.76%. the complete mtdna sequence of the geograp ... | 2016 | 25231717 |
| fish mavs is involved in rlr pathway-mediated ifn response. | mammalian mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (mavs) is an essential adapter involved in retinoic acid-inducible gene-i (rig-i)-like receptor (rlr)-triggered interferon (ifn) antiviral immunity. fish mavs homologues have been identified in several fish species; however, the signaling pathway involving fish mavs-mediated ifn response remains to be investigated. in the present study, we report identification of a fish mavs orthologue from crucian carp carassius auratus blastulae embryonic (c ... | 2014 | 25219369 |
| the autotetraploid fish derived from hybridization of carassius auratus red var. (female) × megalobrama amblycephala (male). | the establishment of the tetraploid organism is difficult but useful in genetics and breeding. in the present study, we have artificially established an autotetraploid fish line (f2-f8) derived from the distant hybridization of carassius auratus red var. (rr, 2n = 100) (female) × megalobrama amblycephala (bb, 2n = 48) (male). the autotetraploid line (f2-f8) possess four sets of chromosomes from red crucian carp (rrrr, 4n = 200) and produce diploid ova and diploid sperm, which maintains the forma ... | 2014 | 25165120 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of a natural triploid crucian carp mutant, carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis, and phylogenetic analysis of different ploidies in crucian carp. | carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis is a natural triploid crucian carp mutant. in order to understand its placement and genetic background at the gene level, the characteristics of mitochondrial dna sequences and phylogenetic relationship were examined. the results showed that the mitochondrial dna is a circular double-stranded dna molecule that is 16,576 bp in length with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna genes, 2 ribosomal rna genes, and a non-coding control region. mitochondrial gen ... | 2014 | 25117343 |
| integrated biomarkers in wild crucian carp for early warning of water quality in hun river, north china. | metabolizing enzymes play important roles in the detoxification of various pollutants in aquatic organisms, thereby they can also be used to provide early-warning signals of environmental risks. real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were developed to quantify cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a), superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), catalase (cat), and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) in crucian carp (carassius auratus). the methods were then use ... | 2014 | 25079422 |
| bioaccumulation, distribution and metabolism of bde-153 in the freshwater fish carassius auratus after dietary exposure. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are of great environmental concern due to bioaccumulation and biomagnification in different food chains. however, significant biotransformation of some congeners via reductive debromination has been observed during in vivo and in vitro laboratory exposures. little is known about the fate of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether (bde-153) in fish. in the present study, crucian carp (carassius auratus) were exposed to bde-153 at a concentration of 10μg/g in ... | 2014 | 25038267 |
| gill remodeling in three freshwater teleosts in response to high environmental ammonia. | the present study aimed to determine whether gill macro- and microstructure show compensatory responses in three freshwater fish differing in their sensitivity to high environmental ammonia (hea). the highly ammonia-sensitive salmonid oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), the less ammonia-sensitive cyprinid cyprinus carpio (common carp) and the highly ammonia-resistant cyprinid carassius auratus (goldfish) were used as test species and were exposed for 0 h (control), 3h, 12h, 24h, 48 h, 84 h and ... | 2014 | 25033244 |
| changes in physiochemical properties of water-soluble proteins from crucian carp (carassius auratus) during heat treatment. | in order to understand physicochemical properties of water-soluble proteins obtained from crucian carp, turbidity, total sulfhydryl content, hydrophobicity and sds-page of crucian carp water-soluble proteins during heat treatment were investigated. turbidity remained unchanged up to 44°c and considerably increased from 46°c to 54°c, one peak of increase rate was found at 50°c; total sh content decreased rapidly when heated from 50°c to 55°c; hydrophobicity increased sharply when heated up to 45° ... | 2014 | 24966436 |
| tissue distribution, bioconcentration, metabolism, and effects of erythromycin in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | in this study, the tissue distribution, bioconcentration, metabolism and biological effects of the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin (ery) were investigated in fish using crucian carp (carassius auratus) as a model. crucian carp were exposed to various concentrations of ery (4, 20, and 100 μg/l) for 28 days. the uplc/ms/ms analysis of both water and tissue provided the bioconcentration of ery and its metabolites in the fish body. the results from tissue samples showed that a maximum tissue conce ... | 2014 | 24911771 |
| sequence analysis and subcellular localization of crucian carp carassius auratus viperin. | human viperin is known as an interferon (ifn)-inducible antiviral protein and localizes to endoplasmic reticulum (er) via its n-terminal amphipathic α-helix. little is known about subcellular localization of fish viperin. herein, we characterized subcellular localization of a fish viperin from crucian carp carassius auratus. crucian carp viperin is nearly identical to the other viperin proteins in sequence, with the exception of the first n-terminal 70 amino acids that are defined as n-terminal ... | 2014 | 24825429 |
| developmental toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in artificially fertilized crucian carp (carassius auratus) embryo. | 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) is a persistent bioaccumulative environmental contaminant that is an endocrine disruptor. embryos of various fish species are responsive to tcdd and have been used as an alternative method to the acute toxicity test with juvenile and adult fish. the tcdd test has similar endpoints of developmental toxicity. however, their sensitivity and signs of tcdd-induced toxicity are different depending on fish species and its habit. crucian carp (carassius auratus ... | 2014 | 24751158 |
| anti-oxidative defences are modulated differentially in three freshwater teleosts in response to ammonia-induced oxidative stress. | oxidative stress and the antioxidant response induced by high environmental ammonia (hea) were investigated in the liver and gills of three freshwater teleosts differing in their sensitivities to ammonia. the highly ammonia-sensitive salmonid oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), the less ammonia sensitive cyprinid cyprinus carpio (common carp) and the highly ammonia-resistant cyprinid carassius auratus (goldfish) were exposed to 1 mm ammonia (as nh4hco3) for 0 h (control), 3 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, ... | 2014 | 24740135 |
| comparative study of infection with tetrahymena of different ornamental fish species. | tetrahymena is a ciliated protozoan that can infect a wide range of fish species, although it is most commonly reported in guppies (poecilia reticulata). the aim of this study was to compare the susceptibility to infection with tetrahymena of five different ornamental fish species from two different super orders. the species examined were platy (xiphophorus), molly (poecilia sphenops) and angelfish (pterophyllum scalare) of the acanthopterygii super order (which also includes guppies) and goldfi ... | 2014 | 24650892 |
| identification and analysis of the jnk1 gene in polyploid hybrids of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var.) and common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) is an important member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase superfamily. the allotetraploid crucian carp is a product of distant hybridization of female red crucian carp with male common carp. it is the first natural case of an allotetraploid with stable genetic characters, including fertility of both female and male animals. in this study, 2 jnk1 cdnas (including jnk1a and jnk1b) have been cloned from the polyploid crucian carp system, consisting of the allotetr ... | 2014 | 24634111 |
| evidence for the evolutionary origin of goldfish derived from the distant crossing of red crucian carp × common carp. | distant hybridization can generate transgressive hybrid phenotypes that lead to the formation of new populations or species with increased genetic variation. in this study, we produced an experimental hybrid goldfish (eg) by distant crossing of red crucian carp (carassius auratus) × common carp (cyprinus carpio) followed by gynogenesis. | 2014 | 24628745 |
| perfluorinated alkyl substances in water, sediment, plankton and fish from korean rivers and lakes: a nationwide survey. | water, sediment, plankton, and blood and liver tissues of crucian carp (carassius auratus) and mandarin fish (siniperca scherzeri) were collected from six major rivers and lakes in south korea (including namhan river, bukhan river, nakdong river, nam river, yeongsan river and sangsa lake) and analyzed for perfluorinated alkyl substances (pfass). perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) was consistently detected at the greatest concentrations in all media surveyed with the maximum concentration in water ... | 2014 | 24529450 |
| molecular cloning of pcc-dmrt1s and their specific expression patterns in pengze crucian carp (carassius auratus var. pengze) affected by 17α-methyltestosterone. | dmrt1, an important transcription factor associated with testicular differentiation, is conserved among teleost, which could also be detected in ovaries. in the present study, three isoforms of pcc-dmrt1s (pcc-dmrt1a, pcc-dmrt1b and pcc-dmrt1c) resulting from alternative splicing of the dmrt1 gene were cloned and characterized in the triploid gynogenetic fish, the pengze crucian carp. their mrna expression profiling was investigated in juvenile developmental stages, tissues of the adult fish, an ... | 2014 | 24445816 |
| effect of cooking temperatures on protein hydrolysates and sensory quality in crucian carp (carassius auratus) soup. | cooking methods have a significant impact on flavour compounds in fish soup. the effects of cooking temperatures (55, 65, 75, 85, 95, and 100 °c) on sensory properties and protein hydrolysates were studied in crucian carp (carassius auratus) soup. the results showed that the soup prepared at 85 °c had the best sensory quality in color, flavour, amour, and soup pattern. cooking temperature had significant influence on the hydrolysis of proteins in the soup showed by sds-page result. the contents ... | 2013 | 24425950 |
| tempo and mode of recurrent polyploidization in the carassius auratus species complex (cypriniformes, cyprinidae). | polyploidization is an evolutionarily rare but important mechanism in both plants and animals because it increases genetic diversity. goldfish of the carassius auratus species complex can be tetraploids, hexaploids and octaploids. polyploidization events have occurred repeatedly in goldfish, yet the extent of this phenomenon and its phyletic history are poorly understood. we explore the origin, tempo and frequency of polyploidization in chinese and japanese goldfish using both mitochondrial (mtd ... | 2014 | 24398883 |
| intraspecific scaling of the resting and maximum metabolic rates of the crucian carp (carassius auratus). | the question of how the scaling of metabolic rate with body mass (m) is achieved in animals is unresolved. here, we tested the cell metabolism hypothesis and the organ size hypothesis by assessing the mass scaling of the resting metabolic rate (rmr), maximum metabolic rate (mmr), erythrocyte size, and the masses of metabolically active organs in the crucian carp (carassius auratus). the m of the crucian carp ranged from 4.5 to 323.9 g, representing an approximately 72-fold difference. the rmr an ... | 2013 | 24376588 |
| peculiar monomeric interferon gammas, ifnγrel 1 and ifnγrel 2, in ginbuna crucian carp. | the existence of fish-specific isoforms of interferon (ifn)γ, known as ifnγ-related (ifnγrel), has been reported in several fish species. however, comparisons with deduced amino acid sequences of known ifnγrels among several fish species have indicated significant differences at the c-terminus basic amino acid continuous sequences, which indicate the existence of multiple ifnγrel isoforms. two distinct cdnas, encoding two ifnγrels, ifngrel 1 and ifngrel 2, were cloned from ginbuna crucian carp ( ... | 2014 | 24373358 |
| the carp-goldfish nucleocytoplasmic hybrid has mitochondria from the carp as the nuclear donor species. | it is widely accepted that mitochondria and its dna (mtdna) exhibit strict maternal inheritance, with sperm contributing no or non-detectable mitochondria to the next generation. in fish, nuclear transfer (nt) through the combination of a donor nucleus and an enucleated oocyte can produce fertile nucleocytoplasmic hybrids (nchs) even between different genera and subfamilies. one of the best studied fish nchs is cyca produced by transplanting the nuclei plus cytoplasm from the common carp (cyprin ... | 2014 | 24365595 |
| helper function of cd4⁺ lymphocytes in antiviral immunity in ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | although many recent studies have suggested that cd4(+) helper t cell (th-cell) functions are well conserved among teleost fishes and mammals, there is little evidence that cd4(+) th-cells in fish are actually involved in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity during a secondary immune response. in the present study, adoptive transfer using clonal ginbuna crucian carp and crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (chnv) was used to investigate the functions of cd4(+) cells during humoral and ce ... | 2014 | 24342571 |
| effects of cold acclimation and storage temperature on crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) in a waterless preservation. | the research aims to explore the impact of cold acclimation and storage temperature on crucian carp in a waterless preservation. it is conducted by studying the influence of cold acclimation on crucian carp in temperatures of 5 and 1 °c h(-1), followed by having them preserved under waterless conditions at 4 and 0 °c for 24 h to analyze their aerobic and anaerobic capacities. the research findings revealed that the temperature drop at 1 °c h(-1) is conducive to preserving the activity of lactate ... | 2014 | 24338155 |
| expression pattern of the zona pellucida 3 (zp3) gene during ovarian development and the location of zp3 protein in oocytes in a natural, wild triploid crucian carp mutant, carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis. | carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis (designated cap), distributed in the pingxiang region of jiangxi province, china, is a natural, wild triploid crucian carp mutant that has two reproductive development modes: gynogenesis and bisexual reproduction. little information is available about the expression pattern of the zona pellucida 3 (zp3) gene during ovarian development and the location of the zp3 protein in oocytes of this fish. in this study, we obtained the full-length cdna of zp3 (cap_zp3 ... | 2013 | 24301933 |
| immune gene discovery in the crucian carp carassius auratus. | the crucian carp carassius auratus (cyprinidae) is one of the important fish species in aquaculture. although the crucian carp has several economic benefits, their immune system and gene information have not been investigated in depth as yet. here, we performed the transcriptome analysis of c. auratus using the pyrosequencing method and selected several immune-related genes. of unigenes obtained in this species, we identified a number of immune system-related genes (e.g. adhesive protein, antimi ... | 2014 | 24287371 |
| bioconcentration, metabolism, and biomarker responses in freshwater fish carassius auratus exposed to roxithromycin. | to investigate the distribution, bioconcentration, metabolism, and biomarker responses of macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (rox) in fish, crucian carp (carassius auratus) were exposed to various concentrations of rox (4, 20, and 100μgl(-1)) for 20d. the rox content in different tissues was quantified using uplc/ms/ms. the liver exhibited the highest rox concentration followed by the bile, gills, and muscle tissues. after 15d of exposure to different concentrations of rox, the bioconcentration ... | 2014 | 24210552 |
| effect of selenium nanoparticles with different sizes in primary cultured intestinal epithelial cells of crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio. | nano-selenium (se), with its high bioavailability and low toxicity, has attracted wide attention for its potential application in the prevention of oxidative damage in animal tissues. however, the effect of nano-se of different sizes on the intestinal epithelial cells of the crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is poorly understood. our study showed that different sizes and doses of nano-se have varied effects on the cellular protein contents and the enzyme activities of secreted lactate deh ... | 2013 | 24204137 |
| enhanced bioaccumulation of pentachlorophenol in carp in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. | the impact of suspended particles on the bioavailability of pollutants has long been a controversial topic. in this study, adsorption of pentachlorophenol (pcp) onto a natural suspended particulate matter (spm) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) was studied. facilitated transports of pcp into carp by spm and mwcnts were evaluated by bioaccumulation tests exposing carp (carassius auratus red var.) to pcp-contaminated water in the presence of spm and mwcnts, respectively. desorption of pcp ... | 2014 | 24151027 |
| [influence of 175-m-impoundment in three gorges reservoir area on the food web energy sources of main commercial fishes in backwater area of xiaojiang river]. | the impoundment in the three gorges reservoir area (tgra) was first reached 175 m in 2010. to approach the influence of this impoundment on the food web energy sources of fishes in the tributaries of trga, an analysis was made on the food web energy sources of seven economically important fishes (carassius auratus, cyprinus carpio, silurus asotus, culter mongolicus mongolicus, mystus macropterus, pelteobagrus vachelli, and pelteobagrus nitidus) in the backwater area of xiaojiang river by using s ... | 2013 | 24066562 |
| multibiomarker responses upon exposure to tetrabromobisphenol a in the freshwater fish carassius auratus. | tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) is a widely used brominated flame retardant. it has been released into aquatic environments, where it is toxic to aquatic organisms. in the present study, five enzymes, glutathione-s-transferase (gst), aspartate aminotransferase (ast), alanine aminotransferase (alt), udp-glucuronosyltransferase (udpgt), and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione reductase (gr) in serum and liver of crucian carp (carassius auratus) were selected for screening. these enzymes may be suitab ... | 2013 | 24055989 |
| a specific genomic organization and a novel promoter sequence for both zp2 and zp3 gene expressions in the pingxiang red transparent crucian carp, carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis. | we cloned the full-length cdna of zp2 from carassius auratus var. pingxiangnensis (cap_zp2) and identified a cluster of three zp genes through its dna walker. these three genes, cap_zp3.1, cap_zp2 and cap_zp3.2 were located within a 10,855bp region and each comprised of eight exons spanning 1348bp, 1638bp and 1348bp, respectively. protein bands of egg membrane between 40 and 70kda were in concordance with the deduced amino acid of these three cap_zp genes cdna and with their molecular mass. this ... | 2013 | 24029638 |
| molecular characterization and expression analysis of three membrane-bound complement regulatory protein isoforms in the ginbuna crucian carp carassius auratus langsdorfii. | regulators of complement activation (rca) play a role in protecting cells from excessive complement activation in humans. cdna corresponding to three isoforms of teleost membrane-bound rca protein (gtecrem) have been identified in the ginbuna crucian carp. gtecrem-1 consists of seven short consensus repeats (scrs), whereas gtecrem-2 and gtecrem-3 have four scrs. while gtecrem-1 possesses a tyrosine phosphorylation site in its cytoplasmic region, gtecrem-2 and gtecrem-3 lack the site. tissue dist ... | 2013 | 23954695 |
| [functions of metallothioneins and a system of antioxidant defense under the effect of co- and zn-containing nanocomposites on crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio)]. | the effect of metal-nanocomposites (me-nc) of cobalt and zinc (co- and zn-nc, correspondingly) synthecized on the basis of vinylpyrrolidone (ps) on the metal-accumulative proteins with antioxidant potential metallothioneins (mt) in crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) was studied. fish was subjected to the effect of co-nc, zn-nc, co2+, zn2+ or polymer carrier (pc) in the concentrations correspondent to 50 microg x co/l or 100 microg x zn/l during 14 days. it was shown that the mts response i ... | 2015 | 23937048 |
| expression regulation of zebrafish interferon regulatory factor 9 by promoter analysis. | we previously showed that a fish interferon (ifn) regulatory factor 9 (irf9) homologue, crucian carp carassius auratus irf9, displays constitutively nuclear localization and involvement in fish ifn-dependent jak-stat signaling; however, little is known about the expression regulation of fish irf9. here, we characterized the expression of zebrafish irf9 by promoter analysis. zebrafish irf9 gene promoter contained several putative transcription factor binding sites, including one isre (ifn-stimula ... | 2013 | 23916490 |
| molecular characterization of five steroid receptors from pengze crucian carp and their expression profiles of juveniles in response to 17α-ethinylestradiol and 17α-methyltestosterone. | pengze crucian carp (carassius auratus var. pengze, pcc), a triploid gynogenetic fish, was used in this study to investigate the cross-talk between edcs and steroid receptors. the full-length cdnas of five steroid receptors (esr1, er alpha2, esr2a, esr2b, ar) and partial cdna of vtg b were isolated. the tissue distributions of these genes were analyzed in adult fish by qrt-pcr. then the expression profiles of five steroid receptors (esrs and ar) and vtg b were detected in the juveniles exposed t ... | 2013 | 23806426 |
| biological response of high-back crucian carp (carassius auratus) during different life stages to wastewater treatment plant effluent. | this study presents the adverse effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) in effluent of wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) on fish health. a study of chronic exposure to wwtps effluent for 10 months was undertaken in high-back crucian carp (carassius auratus) during different life stages, covering early-life-stage (els), prespawning period, and postspawning period. condition factor (cf), gonadosomatic index (gsi), hepatosomatic index (hsi), and plasma vitellogenin (vtg) levels were empl ... | 2013 | 23695857 |
| modulation of rh glycoproteins, ammonia excretion and na+ fluxes in three freshwater teleosts when exposed chronically to high environmental ammonia. | we investigated relationships among branchial unidirectional na(+) fluxes, ammonia excretion, urea excretion, plasma ammonia, plasma cortisol, and gill transporter expression and function in three freshwater fish differing in their sensitivity to high environmental ammonia (hea). the highly ammonia-sensitive salmonid oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), the less ammonia-sensitive cyprinid cyprinus carpio (common carp) and the highly ammonia-resistant cyprinid carassius auratus (goldfish) were ex ... | 2013 | 23661781 |
| the effects of caudal fin loss and regeneration on the swimming performance of three cyprinid fish species with different swimming capacities. | in nature, the caudal fins of fish species are frequently lost to some extent by aggressive behaviour, predation and diseases. to test whether the swimming performance of fish with different swimming capacities would be differentially affected due to caudal fin loss and regeneration, we investigated the critical swimming speed (ucrit), swimming metabolic rate (m(o2)), tail beat frequency (f(tb)) and tail beat amplitude (a(tb)) after caudal fin loss and regeneration (20 days) in juveniles of thre ... | 2013 | 23661776 |
| transcriptome analysis of crucian carp (carassius auratus), an important aquaculture and hypoxia-tolerant species. | the crucian carp is an important aquaculture species and a potential model to study genome evolution and physiological adaptation. however, so far the genomics and transcriptomics data available for this species are still scarce. we performed de novo transcriptome sequencing of four cdna libraries representing brain, muscle, liver and kidney tissues respectively, each with six specimens. the removal of low quality reads resulted in 2.62 million raw reads, which were assembled as 127,711 unigenes ... | 2013 | 23630630 |
| effect of ambient temperature increase on intestinal mucosa amylolytic activity in freshwater fish. | the relationship between the level of the intestinal mucosa amylolytic activity (aa) of juvenile goldfish carassius auratus, carp cyprinus carpio, roach rutilus rutilus and perch perca fluviatilis and the rate of water temperature increase was studied. increase in water heating rate significantly influences aa and the level of upper lethal temperatures defined by critical thermal maximum (ctm) during different seasons. at a low rate of water temperature increase, 0.04 °c/h, aa and the level of c ... | 2013 | 23619779 |
| relationship between brain and liver oxidative state and maximum lifespan potential of different fish species. | the aim of the present study is to determine whether a relationship exists between the maximum lifespan potential (mlsp) of different fish species (squalius pyrenaicus, cyprinus carpio, carassius auratus, luciobarbus sclateri and oncorhynchus mykiss) and the oxidative state of brain and liver. for this purpose, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (gpx), glutathione reductase (gr), glutathione s-transferase (gst) and dt-diaphorase ( ... | 2013 | 23618756 |
| renal accumulation and effects of intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins in omnivorous crucian carp (carassius auratus). | an acute toxicological experiment was designed to characterize the sequence of renal ultrastructural changes with accumulated mcs in crucian carp injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with extracted microcystins (mainly mc-rr and -lr) at two doses, 50 and 200 μg mc-lreq. kg⁻¹ body weight. quantitative and qualitative determinations of mcs in the kidney were conducted by hplc and lc-ms, respectively. mc-rr content in kidney of crucian carp showed a time dose-dependent increase within 48 h post-inject ... | 2013 | 23608020 |
| comparative analysis of intermuscular bones in fish of different ploidies. | we documented the number, morphology, and distribution of intermuscular bones in five fishes of different ploidy: carassius auratus (abbr.wcc, 2n=100), carassius auratus variety pengze (abbr.pzcc, 3n=150), improved triploid crucian carp (abbr.itcc, 3n=150), improved red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var., abbr.ircc, ♀, 2n=100), and improved allotetraploids (abbr.g×at, ♂, 4n=200). the number of intermuscular bones in wcc, pzcc, and g×at ranged from 78 to 83 ([formula: see text]=81), 80 to 8 ... | 2013 | 23564186 |
| the long-term effect of serotonin on the thermoregulatory behavior in juvenile cyprinidae (cyprinus carpio and carassius auratus). | the effect of serotonin after intracerebroventricular (icv) injections in dosage of 0.3 and 0.15 μg/g of the body weight on the thermoregulatory behavior in juvenile carp cyprinus carpio l. and goldfish carassius auratus (l.) has been studied in two experiments of 10- to 11-day duration. it has been found that icv injection of serotonin in dosage of 0.3 μg/g caused the initial decrease in preferred temperatures (pt) (2-3 days) followed by their further increase (4-8 days after the administration ... | 2013 | 23515758 |
| health risk assessment for consumption of fish originating from ponds near dabaoshan mine, south china. | mining effluents are a potential source of toxic metals in the surrounding aquatic ecosystem and pose a potential health risk to humans from fish consumption. the objective of this paper is to assess the impact of the long-term dabaoshan mining operation on heavy metal accumulation in different fish species. heavy metal accumulation (lead (pb), cadmium (cd), zinc (zn), and copper (cu)) in four tissues (liver, muscle, intestine, and gills) of five carp species (hypophthalmichthys molitrix, ctenop ... | 2013 | 23508535 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of cat, gpx1 and cu/zn-sod genes in pengze crucian carp (carassius auratus var. pengze) and antioxidant enzyme modulation induced by hexavalent chromium in juveniles. | hexavalent chromium (cr(6+)) is a common pollutant transient metal with high toxicity in the environment. the toxicological effects partly result from oxidative damage due to the production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ros) in the reductive process of cr(6+). to explore the influence of ros induced directly by cr(6+) on the oxidative stress generation and antioxidant system, the full length cdnas of antioxidant-related genes cat, gpx1 and cu/zn-sod were successfully acquired from pengze ... | 2013 | 23462276 |
| dna methylation analysis of allotetraploid hybrids of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var.) and common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | hybridization and polyploidization may lead to divergence in adaptation and boost speciation in angiosperms and some lower animals. epigenetic change plays a significant role in the formation and adaptation of polyploidy. studies of the effects of methylation on genomic recombination and gene expression in allopolyploid plants have achieved good progress. however, relevant advances in polyploid animals have been relatively slower. in the present study, we used the bisexual, fertile, genetically ... | 2013 | 23457564 |
| feeding and swimming modulate iono-and-hormonal regulation differently in goldfish, carassius auratus and common carp, cyprinus carpio. | feeding and swimming can influence ion balance in fish. therefore we investigated their impact on ionoregulation and its hormonal control in goldfish and common carp. as expected due to the osmorespiratory compromise, exhaustive swimming induced increases in gill na(+)/k(+) atpase (nka) activity in both species, resulting in stable levels of plasma ions. in contrast to our expectations, this only occurred in fed fish and feeding itself increased nka activity, especially in carp. fasting fish wer ... | 2013 | 23422918 |
| regulation of amino acid metabolism as a defensive strategy in the brain of three freshwater teleosts in response to high environmental ammonia exposure. | many teleosts have evolved mechanisms to cope with ammonia toxicity in the brain when confronted with high environmental ammonia (hea). in the present study, the possible role of conversion of accumulated ammonia to glutamine and other free amino acids in the brain of three freshwater teleosts differing in their sensitivities to ammonia was investigated. the detoxification mode of ammonia in brain is suggested to be through amination of glutamate to glutamine by the coupled activities of glutama ... | 2013 | 23384996 |
| secretory expression and characterization of the recombinant myofibril-bound serine proteinase of crucian carp (carassius auratus) in pichia pastoris. | the myofibril-bound serine proteinase (mbsp) is effective in the degradation of myofibrillar proteins, including myosin heavy chain (mhc), α-actinin, actin, and tropomyosin and was thus regarded as an important proteinase responsible for the metabolism of fish muscle in vivo. in order to better understand the characteristic differences between native mbsp and recombinant mbsp (rmbsp) and to obtain large quantity of mbsp for its application in protein science study, the crucian carp mbsp gene was ... | 2013 | 23313743 |
| the effects of caudal fin amputation on metabolic interaction between digestion and locomotion in juveniles of three cyprinid fish species with different metabolic modes. | metabolic competitive modes between digestion and locomotion are classified into three categories, termed the additive, digestion- and locomotion-priority modes. in nature, the caudal fin is frequently observed to sustain damage as a result of social rank, predation or disease. to test whether the metabolic mode changed differently for fish with different metabolic mode after caudal fin amputation as a consequence of intensified energy competition, we investigated the swimming performance of fas ... | 2013 | 23269108 |
| formation of biogenic amines in crucian carp (carassius auratus) during storage in ice and at 4°c. | the formation of eight biogenic amines (bas), total volatile base nitrogen (tvb-n), aerobic plate counts (apc), and sensory evaluation in crucian carp (carassius auratus) during storage in ice and at 4°c were investigated. the sum of contents of all eight biogenic amines (sba) in crucian carp increased from 49.82 to 197.09 mg/kg on day 36 when stored in ice and from 49.82 to 219.35 mg/kg on day 24 when stored at 4°c. tvb-n content increased with storage time; good relationships between tvb-n con ... | 2012 | 23212022 |
| identification of anti-viral cytotoxic effector cells in the ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | previous studies have suggested that anti-viral cytotoxic effector cells induced by infection with a sublethal dose of crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (chnv) correspond to mammalian cytotoxic t-lymphocytes (ctls), because the mrna expression patterns of the effector cells are similar to those of mammalian ctls. to further characterize the effector population in cell-mediated cytotoxic (cmc) activity, we isolated the effector cells using an anti-cd8α monoclonal antibody, a density gradi ... | 2013 | 23178409 |
| differential responses in ammonia excretion, sodium fluxes and gill permeability explain different sensitivities to acute high environmental ammonia in three freshwater teleosts. | we examined the acute physiological responses to high environmental ammonia (hea), particularly the linkages between branchial ammonia fluxes and unidirectional na(+) fluxes, as well as urea excretion, cortisol, and indicators of gill permeability in three freshwater teleosts differing in their sensitivities to ammonia; the highly sensitive salmonid oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), the less sensitive cyprinid cyprinus carpio (common carp) and the highly resistant cyprinid carassius auratus ( ... | 2013 | 23143040 |
| effect of cyanobacteria on immune function of crucian carp (carassius auratus) via chronic exposure in diet. | cyanobacterial blooms caused by water eutrophication have become a worldwide problem. microcystins (mcs) released during cyanobacterial blooms exert toxicity on fish. up to now, immunotoxicity of mcs on fish has been rarely reported. the present study investigated immune response of crucian carp (carassius auratus) to cyanobacteria via chronic exposure in diet. fish were fed with diets containing 20% (low dose group) and 40% (high dose group) of cyanobacteria lyophilized powder. after exposure o ... | 2013 | 23063483 |
| application of fisk, an invasiveness screening tool for non-native freshwater fishes, in the murray-darling basin (southeastern australia). | the fish invasiveness scoring kit (fisk) is currently one of the most popular pre-screening tools for freshwater fishes. a recent upgrade has ensured its wider climatic relevance to countries with subtropical regions. this enhancement is of particular importance to australia, which encompasses tropical, arid, and temperate zones, and where the introduction of non-native fish species poses a significant risk to biodiversity. in this study, 55 fish species previously evaluated in a u.k.-based cali ... | 2013 | 23051595 |
| metal accumulation in fish from different zones of a large, shallow freshwater lake. | metal (cd, pb, cr, ni, mn, cu, and zn) concentrations in different fish species sampled from two distinct (phytoplankton- and macrophyte-dominated) lake zones of a large, shallow freshwater lake, taihu lake, were investigated. concentrations of most metals in muscle of the small-sized fish (protosalanx hyalocranius, pseudorasbora parva, and rhodeus ocellatus) were always significantly higher than those of the large-sized (carassius auratus, cyprinus carpio, and aristichthys nobilis) and carnivor ... | 2012 | 23009814 |
| structural and oxidative changes in the kidney of crucian carp induced by silicon-based quantum dots. | silicon-based quantum dots were intraperitoneally injected in carassius auratus gibelio specimens and, over one week, the effects on renal tissue were investigated by following their distribution and histological effects, as well as antioxidative system modifications. after three and seven days, detached epithelial cells from the basal lamina, dilated tubules and debris in the lumen of tubules were observed. at day 7, nephrogenesis was noticed. the reduced glutathione (gsh) concentration decreas ... | 2012 | 22949855 |
| assessment of antibacterial properties and the active ingredient of plant extracts and its effect on the performance of crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio var. e'erqisi, bloch). | in this study, the antibacterial properties and active ingredient of plant extracts and its effect on the performance of crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio var. e'erqisi, bloch) were assessed. | 2013 | 22903651 |
| effect of trichlorfon on hepatic lipid accumulation in crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio. | this study evaluated the toxic effects of the organophosphate pesticide trichlorfon on hepatic lipid accumulation in crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio. seventy-five fish were divided into five groups (each group in triplicate), and then exposed to 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/l of trichlorfon and fed with commercial feed for 30 d. at the end of the experiment, plasma and hepatic lipid metabolic biochemical status were analyzed. triglyceride contents were significantly (p < 0.05) increased i ... | 2012 | 22897202 |
| fasting goldfish, carassius auratus, and common carp, cyprinus carpio, use different metabolic strategies when swimming. | fish need to balance their energy use between digestion and other activities, and different metabolic compromises can be pursued. we examined the effects of fasting (7 days) on metabolic strategies in goldfish and common carp at different swimming levels. fasting had no significant effect on swimming performance (u(crit)) of either species. feeding and swimming profoundly elevated total ammonia (t(amm)) excretion in both species. in fed goldfish, this resulted in increased ammonia quotients (aq) ... | 2012 | 22884681 |
| organization and variation analysis of 5s rdna in different ploidy-level hybrids of red crucian carp × topmouth culter. | through distant crossing, diploid, triploid and tetraploid hybrids of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var., rcc♀, cyprininae, 2n = 100) × topmouth culter (erythroculter ilishaeformis bleeker, tc♂, cultrinae, 2n = 48) were successfully produced. diploid hybrids possessed 74 chromosomes with one set from rcc and one set from tc; triploid hybrids harbored 124 chromosomes with two sets from rcc and one set from tc; tetraploid hybrids had 148 chromosomes with two sets from rcc and two sets fr ... | 2012 | 22720007 |
| a physiologically based pharmacokinetics model for florfenicol in crucian carp and oral-to-intramuscular extrapolation. | in this study, an oral physiologically based pharmacokinetics (pbpk) model was developed for florfenicol in crucian carp (carassius auratus). subsequently, oral-to-intramuscular extrapolation was performed and the two models were used to predict florfenicol concentrations in the edible tissues of crucian carp. the oral model gave good predictions in most tissues, except for kidney and liver in which the florfenicol concentrations were underestimated at the later time points. in contrast, using t ... | 2013 | 22712485 |
| thyroid endocrine dysregulation and erythrocyte dna damage associated with pbde exposure in juvenile crucian carp collected from an e-waste dismantling site in zhejiang province, china. | in the present study, 40 juvenile crucian carp (carassius auratus) were caught from a river close to an electronic waste (e-waste) site (exposed group) and another located 80 km away from the e-waste site (control group) in zhejiang, china. results indicated that muscle levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (median pbdes, 235.98 ng/g wet wt; range, 7.70-703.31 ng/g wet wt), serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (median tsh, 2.32 µiu/ml; range, 2.05-2.72 µiu/ml) and erythrocyte dna damag ... | 2012 | 22707201 |
| subcellular localization and functional characterization of a fish irf9 from crucian carp carassius auratus. | mammalian interferon (ifn) regulatory factor 9 (irf-9) has long been recognized as the dna sequence recognition subunit of ifn-stimulated gene factor 3 (isgf3) complex, which is critical for type i ifn to induce the expression of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) against viral infection. recent studies have shown that fish ifn exerts antiviral effects by induction of a number of isgs and also of itself; however, little is known about the role of fish irf9 in ifn signaling. here we identify a fish irf9 ... | 2012 | 22626811 |
| isolation of heat-tolerant myoglobin from asian swamp eel monopterus albus. | myoglobin from asian swamp eel monopterus albus was purified from fish muscle using salt fractionation followed by column chromatography and molecular filtration. the purified mb of 0.68 mg/g wet weight of muscle was determined for its molecular mass by maldi-tof-ms to be 15,525.18 da. using isoelectric focusing technique, the purified mb showed two derivatives with pi of 6.40 and 7.12. six peptide fragments of this protein identified by lc-ms/ms were homologous to mbs of sea raven hemitripterus ... | 2012 | 22538454 |
| metabolism of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and tetrabromobisphenol a by fish liver subcellular fractions in vitro. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) are two major flame retardants that accumulate in fish tissues and are potentially toxic. their debrominated and oxidated derivatives were also reported in fish tissues although the sources of theses derivatives were unidentified. our study was to determine whether pbdes and tbbpa could be metabolized by fish liver subcellular fractions in vitro and to identify what types of metabolites were formed. liver microsomes and s9 ... | 2012 | 22417763 |
| heavy metal (cd, cr, cu, hg, pb, zn) concentrations in seven fish species in relation to fish size and location along the yangtze river. | the objective of this paper is to assess the regulation of the accumulation of heavy metals in the aquatic environment and different fish species. | 2012 | 22382698 |
| erythrocyte damage of crucian carp (carassius auratus) caused by microcystin-lr: in vitro study. | fish suffer from anemia and hypovolemic hypotensive shock after in vivo exposure with microcystins.however, except for in vivo causes for anemia and hypotension, an in vitro study of fish erythrocytes exposed to mc is necessary. for a better understanding of hematology toxicity of mc, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the toxic effects of microcystin on fish erythrocytes in vitro. crucian carp erythrocytes were incubated in vitro with microcystin-lr (mc-lr) at doses of 0, 1, 1 ... | 2012 | 22286870 |
| biological effects and bioaccumulation of steroidal and phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals in high-back crucian carp exposed to wastewater treatment plant effluents. | endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) found in wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) effluents have been shown to cause adverse effects, but the uptake of edcs from effluents (measured in fish muscle) are not known. in this study, the biological effects and bioaccumulation of steroidal and phenolic edcs were assessed in high-back crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed to wwtp effluents for 141 days. compared with fish controls caged in dianchi lake, a significant reduction in gonadosomatic index ( ... | 2012 | 22243881 |
| the effects of dissolved oxygen levels on the metabolic interaction between digestion and locomotion in cyprinid fishes with different locomotive and digestive performances. | to test whether the effects of water oxygen concentration ([o(2)]) on the metabolic interaction between locomotion and digestion differ between fish species with different locomotive and digestive behaviours in normoxia, we investigated the swimming performance of fasted and fed fish at water [o(2)] of 1, 2 and 8 (normoxia) mg l(-1) (2.5, 5 and 20 kpa) at 25°c in three juvenile cyprinidae fish species: goldfish (carassius auratus), common carp (cyprinus carpio) and qingbo (spinibarbus sinensis). ... | 2012 | 22234476 |
| pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of hydrochloric acid albendazole sulfoxide and its metabolites in crucian carp (carassius auratus) after oral administration. | the pharmacokinetics and residues elimination of hydrochloric acid albendazole sulfoxide (abzso) and its metabolites were studied in healthy crucian carp (carassius auratus, 250 ± 30 g) kept at water temperatures of 10 °c and 25 °c. the concentrations of abzso and its metabolites concentration in plasma and tissues were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) using an ultraviolet detector. the results revealed that the plasma concentration of abzso in plasma was significan ... | 2012 | 22227164 |
| towards the conservation of crucian carp carassius carassius: understanding the extent and causes of decline within part of its native english range. | the extent and causes of crucian carp carassius carassius decline were assessed during an initial study of c. 25 ponds in north norfolk, eastern england, u.k., which was then replicated (a validation study) on another c. 25 ponds in an adjacent area. of these ponds, c. 40 are known to have contained c. carassius during the 1970s-1980s. in the initial and validation studies, c. carassius were found in only 11 of these ponds, yielding declines of 76% (five of 21 ponds) and 68% (six of 19 ponds), r ... | 2011 | 22136242 |
| characterization of triacetyl-α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in carp and goldfish. | a triacetyl form of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (msh) was found in carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus), by selective detection of mass profile for cell secretory granules using direct tissue matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) analysis during the investigation of fish pituitaries. the structure of triacetyl-α-msh in carp and goldfish was further analyzed using a collision-induced dissociation with electrospray ... | 2012 | 22134180 |
| bioaccumulation, depuration and biotransformation of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are extensively used as a class of flame retardants and have become ubiquitous environmental pollutants. significant biotransformation of some pbdes via reductive debromination has been observed. however, little is known about the fate of lower brominated bdes in fish. in this study, the tissue distribution, excretion, depuration and biotransformation of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether (bde 15) were investigated in crucian carp (carassius auratus) which were exp ... | 2012 | 22036552 |
| technical note: viability and motility of vitrified/thawed primordial germ cell isolated from common carp (cyprinus carpio) somite embryos. | the feasibility of cryopreserving common carp (cyprinus carpio) primordial germ cells (pgc) by vitrification of whole embryos at the 22- to 28-somite stage was investigated. green fluorescent protein (gfp)-labeled pgc were cooled rapidly using liquid nitrogen after exposure to a pretreatment solution containing 1.5 m cryoprotectant (ethylene glycol or dimethyl sulfoxide, 30 or 50 min) and a vitrification solution containing 3 m cryoprotectant and 0.5 m sucrose (5, 10, 20, or 30 min). embryonic c ... | 2012 | 21926320 |
| pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in allogynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio. | the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin (ef) was investigated after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administration of 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) in 300 healthy allogynogenetic silver crucian carp at 24-26°c. the plasma concentrations of ef and its metabolite ciprofloxacin (cf) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. after i.v. administration, the plasma concentration-time data were described by an open two-compartment model. the elimination half-life (t(1/2β)), area un ... | 2012 | 21913940 |
| fish mita serves as a mediator for distinct fish ifn gene activation dependent on irf3 or irf7. | in mammals, cytosolic sensors retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptors (rlrs) activate multiple signaling cascades initiating ifn-α/β expression. ifn regulatory factor 3 (irf3) is required for the activation of ifn-β, which, in turn, primes the expression of most ifn-α genes by ifn-induced irf7 through the stat1 pathway. in fish, rig-i overexpression inhibits virus infection by induction of ifn response; however, the subtle signaling cascade mechanism remains to be identified. in th ... | 2011 | 21795596 |
| evaluation of emamectin benzoate for the control of experimentally induced infestations of argulus sp. in goldfish and koi carp. | the effect of 0.2% emamectin benzoate (slice; intervet/ schering-plough animal health, roseland, new jersey) administered in top-dressed, pelleted commercial fish feed was evaluated for control of freshwater argulus sp. in goldfish carassius auratus and koi carp, a variant of common carp cyprinus carpio, in freshwater aquaria at 24-25 degrees c. sixteen individually housed goldfish were each exposed to 37 argulus. the number of fish lice attached to each fish at the start of the experiment was n ... | 2011 | 21699134 |
| [experimental study of 241am transfer from herbal food to organs and tissues of crucian carp]. | freshwater fishes (carassius auratus gibelio, crucian carp) were fed through catheter with homogenized biomass of submerged macrophytes labeled with transuranium element 241am. the intensity of excretion of americium and its accumulation in organs and tissues of fishes were investigated. the highest release of americium (up to 70%) was recorded on the second day after feeding. 94-98% of americium were excreted during 3-4 days; however, americium was also recorded in the excrements after 11 days. ... | 2016 | 21674957 |
| massive production of all-female diploids and triploids in the crucian carp. | in many species of aquaculture importance, all-female and sterile populations possess superior productivity due to faster growth and a relatively homogenous size of individuals. however, the production of all-female and sterile fish in a large scale for aquaculture is a challenge in practice, because treatments necessary for gynogenesis induction usually cause massive embryonic and larval mortality, and the number of induced gynogens is too small for their direct use in aquaculture. here we repo ... | 2011 | 21547066 |
| [phylogenetic relationships of silver crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio, c. auratus cuvieri, crucian carp c. carassius, and common carp cyprinus carpio as inferred from mitochondrial dna variation]. | pcr-rflp analysis of the nd3/nd4l/nd4 and 12s/16s rrna regions and nucleotide sequence variation of the cytochrome b gene were used to study the mtdna divergence in species of the family cyprinidae, to examine the phylogenetic relationships of the species, and to identify their taxonomic status. the results indicated that an ancestral form diverged into silver crucian carp and crucian carp after its separation from the common carp lineage. the divergence of continental carassius auratus gibelio ... | 2011 | 21542306 |
| identification of triploid individuals and clonal lines in carassius auratus complex using microsatellites. | the carassius auratus complex in natural populations includes diploid triploid and polyploidy individuals. diploid individuals belong to the species carassius auratus whereas triploid and polyploidy individuals are from the subspecies carassius auratus gibelio. triploid individuals are all female and reproduce clonally by gynogenesis. therefore the carassius auratus complex is an ideal system for studying evolution of unisexual reproduction. identification of triploid individuals and clonal line ... | 2011 | 21448338 |
| pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in crucian carp (carassius auratus cuvieri) after a single intramuscular or oral administration. | the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol (ff) was studied in plasma after a single dose (40 mg/kg) of intramuscular (i.m.) or oral gavage (p.o.) administration to crucian carp (carassius auratus cuvieri) in freshwater at 25 °c. ten fish per sampling point were examined after treatment. the data were fitted to two-compartment open models follow both routes of administration. the estimates of total body clearance (cl(b) ), volume of distribution (v(d) /f), and absorption half-life (t(1/2(ka)) ) were 0. ... | 2011 | 21443750 |