| intermittent chemoprophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | an intermittent regimen of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was tested in the corticosteroid-treated rat model to learn whether or not administration for 3 consecutive days a week would provide prophylaxis equal to continuous daily doses. although all of the untreated control animals acquired pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, none of the animals given either continuous or intermittent trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole became infected. | 1983 | 6605717 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual males with aids]. | | 1983 | 6606165 |
| diffuse pulmonary gallium accumulation with a normal chest radiogram in a homosexual man with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. a case report. | a homosexual man with a.i.d.s. (acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome) and pneumocystis infestation was found to have diffuse ga-67 uptake in the lungs with a coincident negative chest x-ray. while ga-67 accumulates diffusely in the lungs in a variety of conditions, the present case is the first described in a patient with a.i.d.s. in which ga-67 was positive before roentgenographic abnormalities were demonstrated. thus, the use of ga-67, when a.i.d.s. is suspected, could help establish a dia ... | 1983 | 6606519 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) associated with transfusions. | of 2157 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) whose cases were reported to the centers for disease control by august 22, 1983, 64 (3 per cent) with aids and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia had no recognized risk factors for aids. eighteen of these (28 per cent) had received blood components within five years before the onset of illness. these patients with transfusion-associated aids were more likely to be white (p = 0.00008) and older (p = 0.0013) than other patients with n ... | 1984 | 6606780 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in infants. | fourteen infants with clinical and laboratory features of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were identified in a single metropolitan area from november 1980 to july 1983. patients were predominantly of haitian parentage, although two cases occurred in offspring of non-haitian intravenous drug abusers. only one patient had received a blood transfusion before the development of clinical findings. the predominant clinical findings included failure to thrive, persistent infection of the oral muc ... | 1984 | 6606781 |
| biological profile and response to anti-pneumocystis agents of pneumocystis carinii in cell culture. | although the growth characteristics of pneumocystis carinii have been described in several cell culture systems, the response of this organism to the drugs of choice, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pentamidine isethionate, have not been described in vitro. the effect of various concentrations of drugs against p. carinii on the growth of this potentially hazardous opportunistic organism as well as the methodology for in vitro assay of these agents have been detailed. fluorescence profiles illu ... | 1983 | 6607029 |
| lymphocytotoxic antibodies in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). | the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) manifested by opportunistic infections or kaposi's sarcoma is a newly recognized and often fatal disease. three patients seen in syracuse, new york, were noted to have lymphopenia and persistent serum lymphocytotoxic antibodies (lctas). in a double blinded study, 25 serum samples were coded and sent to us by the centers for disease control task force on kaposi's sarcoma and opportunistic infections. samples from 5 patients with pneumocystis carinii ... | 1984 | 6607146 |
| pulmonary manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | fifteen patients with aids were hospitalized on the pulmonary service during the period from 1981 to 1983. we were impressed with the frequency and severity of lung involvement in these patients and evaluated them with respect to their pulmonary manifestations of aids. the 13 men and two women had a mean age of 32 years. ten were active intravenous drug abusers with a mean drug use of 8.1 years. all presented with profound weight loss, ten with nonproductive cough, and eight with significant dys ... | 1984 | 6607153 |
| open lung biopsy in the immunocompromised pediatric patient. | rapidly progressive pulmonary distress occurs as a secondary complication in immunocompromised pediatric patients. these patients usually develop a pattern of diffuse alveolar and/or interstitial infiltrates on chest x-ray and pursue a rapidly downhill course despite intensive respiratory support with the use of multiple and varied antimicrobial regimens. these patients are subjected to diagnostic open lung biopsies to establish a diagnosis. the diagnostic value of open lung biopsy and its curre ... | 1983 | 6607332 |
| [epidemiologic studies on the incidence of pneumocystis carinii infection in children with chronic respiratory tract diseases]. | | 1983 | 6607486 |
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome. the first cases in finland. | we report here on the first two patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in finland. the first patient, a 37-year-old man, had kaposi's sarcoma and the other, a 26-year-old man, had pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii. both patients were homosexuals and showed a marked defect in cell-mediated immunity consistent with the definition of aids. both patients were found in a screening survey of homosexual men in helsinki. | 1983 | 6607697 |
| progressive immune failure in dyskeratosis congenita. report of an adult in whom pneumocystis carinii and fatal disseminated candidiasis developed. | community-acquired pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed in a young adult patient with dyskeratosis congenita. his hospitalization ended fatally with disseminated candidiasis. evaluation during the admission showed evidence of cellular immune dysfunction as indicated by skin test anergy and absent lymphocyte proliferation in an in vitro mixed lymphocyte culture. treatment with transfer factor failed to reverse the cutaneous anergy or affect the clinical course. dyskeratosis congenita is a rar ... | 1984 | 6607716 |
| the origin of pneumocystis carinii. | | 1984 | 6607963 |
| leads from the mmwr. severe neutropenia during pentamidine treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids. | | 1984 | 6608008 |
| maternal transmission of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) has been reported in previously healthy homosexual or bisexual males, intravenous drug users, heterosexual men with hemophilia, and haitians. the finding of heterosexual hemophiliacs with aids has raised the possibility of a transmittable blood-borne agent as a cause of this disease. we have found three female half-siblings who had clinical and laboratory evidence for aids. all three had evidence of abnormal in vitro cellular immunity; two had chronic a ... | 1984 | 6608091 |
| parasitic diseases in immunocompromised hosts. | in patients with compromised host defenses, diseases caused by protozoans and nematodes appeared, a few years ago, to be declining in importance. however, the outbreak of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) among homosexual men, parenteral drug abusers, and other groups has made it necessary for physicians to familiarize themselves again with the manifestations of these diseases in abnormal hosts. the groups of patients at greatest risk, the usual clinical syndromes in abnormal hosts, ... | 1984 | 6608268 |
| endogenous cushing's syndrome complicated by pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we report a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with ectopic production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth). the patient presented with cushing's syndrome caused by a malignant thymic carcinoid. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in patients with endogenous cushing's syndrome. | 1984 | 6608298 |
| correlation between serial pulmonary function tests and fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | the records of 9 adult male patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and biopsy-proved pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were reviewed to determine the correlation between serial pulmonary function tests and the presence or absence of pneumocystis organisms in subsequent bronchoscopy specimens. at diagnosis, total lung capacity (tlc) or vital capacity (vc) was abnormally low in 4 patients (44%) and diffusing capacity (dlco) was abnormally low in 8 patients (89%). the ratio of fo ... | 1984 | 6608299 |
| incidence of pneumocystis carinii antigenemia in ambulatory cancer patients. | although the existence of subclinical pneumocystis carinii infection in pediatric patients with solid tumors or hematologic malignancies has been documented, similar data are lacking in adults. in addition, data are needed to define the epidemiology of this agent in adult malignancies to assess the validity of the methodology employed in antigen detection, and to elucidate the value of these methods in the diagnosis, prophylaxis, and prognosis of p carinii infection in adults with cancer. the st ... | 1984 | 6608400 |
| growth and serial passage of pneumocystis carinii in the a549 cell line. | pneumocystis carinii obtained from infected rats and patients was cultured in the a549 cell line, a presumptive alveolar type 2 cell line derived from a human lung carcinoma. standard criteria were established for organism sampling, quantitation, and growth. the trophozoite form of p. carinii was a more sensitive indicator of growth than was the cyst. rat p. carinii increased 10-fold in primary culture and could be serially passed three additional times to new cultures; success in growing human ... | 1984 | 6609125 |
| cultivation of pneumocystis carinii in lung-derived cell lines. | | 1984 | 6610000 |
| [etiology of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a healthy woman]. | | 1983 | 6610012 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adult patients--importance of early diagnosis]. | | 1983 | 6610068 |
| pneumocystis carinii: electron microscopic investigation on the interaction of trophozoite and alveolar lining cell. | the habitat, behaviour of pneumocystis carinii, and the interaction between the organisms and host alveolar cells were studied electron microscopically in corticosteroid-treated rats. the trophozoites of p. carinii used to line up along the type i alveolar epithelial cells at the early stage of infection. no organism was found being adhere to type ii cells which have numerous microvilli on their surface. by adding tannic acid to the fixative we could preserve the alveolar lining layer, in which ... | 1984 | 6610263 |
| pulmonary complications of aids: radiologic features. | fifty-two patients with pulmonary complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were studied over a 3-year period. the vast majority of the patients were homosexual; however, a significant number were intravenous drug abusers. thirteen different organisms were noted, of which pneumocystis carinii was by far the most common. five patients had neoplasia. most patients had initial abnormal chest films; however, eight patients subsequently shown to have pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ha ... | 1984 | 6610304 |
| the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome using subsegmental bronchoalveolar lavage. | to assess the sensitivity of bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in diagnosing pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), we prospectively performed 27 bronchoalveolar lavages (bal) in 16 patients either because there was an initially high index of suspicion of pcp or in order to assess therapeutic response to anti-pneumocystis medication in those patients who had had pcp documented. pneumocystis organisms were demonstrated on bal specimens in 16 of 1 ... | 1984 | 6610373 |
| resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. implication of folinic acid. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a well-known complication of immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients. treatment is generally with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz). a case of pneumocystis pneumonia failed to respond to tmp-smz until concomitant administration of folinic acid was stopped. physicians should be alerted to the possibility that folinic acid may impair the efficacy of tmp-smz in pneumocystis carinii infection. | 1984 | 6610537 |
| unexplained immunodeficiency in children. a surveillance report. | from oct 1, 1982, to oct 1, 1983, the centers for disease control (cdc) received reports of 35 children whose illness met the cdc definition of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). all of the children had serious opportunistic infections without a known underlying illness to explain susceptibility to the infections. the 35 children were residents of ten different states; cases clustered in five major metropolitan areas. three of the children had a parent with aids, and one child who had b ... | 1984 | 6610774 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | | 1984 | 6610805 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a previously healthy patient]. | | 1984 | 6610807 |
| prognosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1984 | 6611099 |
| giant cell pneumonia due to respiratory syncytial virus. occurrence in severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome. | a 6-month-old male infant with a severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome was hospitalized for progressive respiratory distress. examination during hospitalization disclosed widespread pulmonary infiltrates that did not respond to intensive therapy. the patient died eight days after admission. autopsy disclosed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and widespread giant cell pneumonia. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was grown from a lung specimen obtained at autopsy. specific immunofluorescent stain ... | 1984 | 6611144 |
| occurrence of pneumocystis carinii delanoë & delanoë, 1912 in dogs and cats in denmark. | lungs from 106 normal dogs and 75 normal cats were examined for pneumocystis carinii by microscopy of toluidine blue o stained imprints. pneumocysts were demonstrated in 1 dog and 3 cats. it is suggested that these animals may constitute a part of the natural reservoir for this parasite. | 1984 | 6611545 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: neuroradiologic findings. | central nervous system complications depicted by ct in ten patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are described. three patients had multifocal intra-axial enhancing lesions representing atypical brain abscesses (two with toxoplasmosis, one with candidiasis). a fourth patient with multifocal "ring" lesions whose biopsy was interpreted as suggestive of toxoplasmosis responded poorly to treatment. following his death three months later of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, autopsy revealed p ... | 1983 | 6622693 |
| pneumocystis carinii: the continuing enigma. | | 1982 | 6753225 |
| [biological diagnosis of pulmonary parasitoses and mycoses]. | pulmonary involvement in parasitic disease is now due above all to the visceral larva migrans syndrome, the diagnosis of which is serological, and to imported distomatosis due to paragonimus sp, confirmed by the discovery of eggs in the sputum. an immature immunological status or immunodepression is necessary for the development of pneumocystis carinii, where all of the stages of diagnosis, including that of the obtaining of sample material, are difficult. pulmonary mycoses are represented above ... | 1982 | 6753657 |
| diabetes mellitus following pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia in humans. | four patients, treated with pentamidine because of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, displayed severe fasting hypoglycemia during this treatment. diabetes mellitus appeared later, requiring insulin therapy in the three of them who survived more than a few weeks. the metabolic study, performed in two cases during the hypoglycemic period, demonstrated inappropriately high insulin levels in the postabsorptive state. 28 +/- 1 microunits/ml (blood glucose 41 +/- 4 mg/dl) and 86 +/- 5 microunits/ml (b ... | 1982 | 6759211 |
| terminal infections in renal transplant patients in a tropical environment. | infections were a major cause of death in 84% of 38 autopsied renal allograft recipients in a south indian hospital. pyogenic bacteria and fungi were the most common etiological agents encountered, being present in 50 and 47% of cases, respectively. tuberculosis and hepatitis b virus infection were more prevalent and pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus disease rarer than in comparable series from non-tropical countries. 1 case each of amoebiasis, strongyloidiasis and filariasis were the par ... | 1982 | 6759953 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients. | | 1982 | 6762092 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pulmonary infection in renal transplant patients]. | | 1982 | 6763266 |
| [congenital pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | | 1982 | 6763674 |
| [experience of the oradea children's hospital in the intra-vitam etiological diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | | 1980 | 6770441 |
| antimicrobial prophylaxis: a critique of recent trials. | most evaluations of antimicrobial prophylaxis have serious defects in design or fail to assess the clinical importance of observed differences. reports that were published in the last decade and that meet stringent criteria indicate that antimicrobial prophylaxis is justified in few circumstances and nearly always only in very short courses, often just a single dose. these situations include vaginal hysterectomies (cephalosporin or penicillin), total abdominal hysterectomies (cephalosporin), hig ... | 1980 | 6771863 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as presenting feature of lymphoma. | | 1981 | 6790056 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as presenting feature of lymphoma. | | 1982 | 6802285 |
| severe acquired immunodeficiency in european homosexual men. | four previously healthy danish homosexual men developed kaposi's sarcoma or opportunistic infections with fever of unknown origin and lymphadenopathy. one patient died of a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. three patients had defective cell-mediated immunity with absent leucocyte interferon production and decreased proliferative response to mitogens and antigens. t lymphocyte helper subsets and natural killer cell activity were reduced. unstimulated mononuclear cells produced leucocyte migration i ... | 1982 | 6805793 |
| a cluster of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among homosexual male residents of los angeles and orange counties, california. | | 1982 | 6811844 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among persons with hemophilia a. | | 1982 | 6815443 |
| update on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)--united states. | the centers for disease control (cdc) received reports of 593 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the us between june 1, 1981, and september 15, 1982. death occurred in 243 (41%) of these cases. the incidence of aids by date of diagnosis has roughly doubled every 6 months since late-1979, and an average of 1-2 cases are now diagnosed per day. the mortality rate for cases diagnosed over 1 year ago exceeds 60%. about 80% of aids cases are concentrated in 6 metropolitan areas, ... | 1982 | 6815471 |
| sweet syndrome: presenting symptom of hairy cell leukemia with fatal infection by pneumocystis carinii. | | 1982 | 6816688 |
| [pneumocystis carinii interstitial pneumonia in malnourished children. report of 4 cases]. | | 1982 | 6818664 |
| rapid diagnosis of legionnaires' disease by latex agglutination. | we developed a latex agglutination test to detect antigen(s) of serogroup 1 legionella pneumophila in urine and evaluated its ability to diagnose legionnaires' disease. antigen was detected in 46, or 70%, of 66 patients with serogroup 1 legionnaires' disease but in none of 51 patients with various bacteremic infections nor 60 with urinary tract infections. one of 50 patients with other pulmonary infections was antigen-positive, an immunosuppressed patient with pneumocystis carinii infection. sev ... | 1983 | 6846937 |
| [lesions of the lungs in children with acute leukemia]. | investigation of the lungs of 65 children who died of acute leukemia, revealed pathological alterations in 39 of them. specific leukemic infiltration of the lung parenchyma was found in 29.3%, but it did not play an important role in tanathogenesis. pneumonias were diagnosed in 46.1% of the observations being the main cause of death in 23%. the inflammatory processes showed a marked tendency for spread because of low immunologic responsiveness of the patients and poor neutrophil reaction. becaus ... | 1982 | 6962689 |
| pneumonia during therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | the incidence of pneumonia was evaluated in 844 children undergoing initial treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all). a total of 310 episodes occurred in 239 patients followed up for five to 36 months after diagnosis. the peak incidences occurred in the periods 0 to 20 days and 40 to 80 days after the start of antileukemic therapy. bacterial pneumonias occurred primarily during the first 20 days after diagnosis of all. no episode of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was noted before 40 days ... | 1980 | 6965334 |
| prevention of pneumocystis pneumonia. use of continuous sulfamethoxazole-trimethroprim therapy. | owing to a 15% attack rate of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (pcp) among the leukemic population of riley hospital, indianapolis, a two-year study using continuous low-dosage sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim to prevent pcp was started in january 1977. a total of 229 pediatric cancer patients considered at high risk for getting pcp received prophylaxis, while 19 additonal low-risk cancer patients did not receive sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. none of these 248 patients contracted pcp. however, fiv ... | 1980 | 6965335 |
| diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia using an endobronchial brushing technique. a report on twenty-one cases in immunocompromised children. | by examining the endobronchial brushings from 65 infants and children with interstitial pneumonia--characterized by a severe hypoxia and diffuse lung infiltrates--we have detected the cysts of pneumocystis carinii in 17 of 21 subsequently confirmed cases. the rapid diagnosis and subsequent specific treatment have allowed the recovery of 18 of these children. the particular significance of this article is the youth of the patients, whose ages ranged from 4 months to 15 years. | 1980 | 6965478 |
| prevalence of pneumocystis carinii delanoë & delanoë, 1912 in rodents in denmark. | pneumocystis carinii has been found in 17 of 90 (19%) wild living trapped brown rats (rattus norvegicus). the positive brown rats originated from about 25% of the trapping localities examined. among brown rats of two breeding stocks, h and s, pneumocysts were found in 43.5% of the h rats, but in none of the s rats. by keeping brown h rats on a low protein diet for 8 weeks, it was possible to augment the prevalence to 53.8%. pneumocystis carinii has furthermore been found in one of eight (12.5%) ... | 1980 | 6965782 |
| growth characteristics and pathogenesis of experimental pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was produced in two groups of rats by the administration of corticosteroids, a low-protein (8%) diet, and tetracycline in the drinking water. a third group not on corticosteroids or a low-protein diet served as controls. members of the first group were sacrificed weekly for 8 weeks, and lungs were examined. a highly significant correlation was found between the histopathological assessment of the intensity of p. carinii infection and the number of cysts counted in ... | 1980 | 6966614 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (author's transl)]. | | 1980 | 6966696 |
| alveolar response to experimental pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the rat. | in order to characterize the alveolar response to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, light and electron miscropy were used to trace the development of experimental infections with p carinii in rats treated with cortisone acetate and a low-protein diet. the first changes were found by the eighth day of treatment and consisted of the selective attachment of pneumocystis organisms, mostly trophozoites, to alveolar type 1 pneumocytes; the host cells were undamaged, and no inflammatory response was seen ... | 1980 | 6966893 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy was evaluated in 11 consecutive patients with documented pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the results compared to those from previously published studies of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy for p. carinii pneumonia. although six patients needed mechanical ventilation, intravenous therapy was successful in seven of 11 patients (64%), and seven of nine patients (78%) receiving 4 or more days of intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole thera ... | 1980 | 6966901 |
| chemoprophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis: outcome of unstructured delivery. | sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was administered prophylactically to 786 patients judged to be at sufficient risk for development of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. the selection of patients, administration of the agents, and surveillance for compliance were the responsibility of the attending oncologists rather than specialists in infectious diseases, as in an earlier trial at this center. the recommended dosage was trimethoprim, 150 mg/sq m/day, and sulfamethoxazole, 750 mg/sq m/day. over a th ... | 1980 | 6967255 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in young immunocompetent infants. | of 67 infants enrolled in a prospective study of infant pneumonia ten (14%) had evidence of pneumocystis carinii infection. diagnosis was achieved by demonstrating circulating p carinii antigens by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in all ten cases and by histopathology in the only infant who underwent an open lung biopsy. antigenemia did not occur in 64 control infants (p = .003), nor in 57 patients of similar age who were hospitalized with pneumonitis due to chlamydia trachomatis, respiratory syncy ... | 1980 | 6967588 |
| comparison of rat, mouse, and human pneumocystis carinii by immunofluorescence. | | 1980 | 6969280 |
| pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitals: outbreaks or improved recognition? | a presumed outbreak of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis occurred at a large teaching hospital. the diagnosis was made by lung biopsy or at autopsy in seven patients over a 22 1/2-year period and only by percutaneous lung aspirate in seven patients over a 2 1/2-year period. apparent outbreaks may be related to both an increase in the number of cases of disease and improved diagnostic methods. | 1980 | 6969443 |
| acute pancreatitis associated with pentamidine therapy. | two patients receiving pentamidine isethionate for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii experienced acute pancreatitis temporally related to pentamidine therapy. in one patient, pancreatitis recurred when a second course of pentamidine therapy was given. we discuss pentamidine toxicity. | 1981 | 6969581 |
| the in vitro response of human lymphocytes to pneumocystis carinii antigen. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (pcp) is a major complication in the immunocompromised host. recent evidence suggests that most normal individuals have detectable antibody against this organism. the role of the various components of the immune system in protecting the host from acute pcp is unclear. we have examined the in vitro proliferative response of lymphocytes from normal adults to p. carinii antigen. fourteen of 16 subjects had a positive response with stimulation indices greater than 3. ... | 1981 | 6969747 |
| [a case of erythroleukemia with marked chromosomal abnormality complicated with pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (author's transl)]. | | 1980 | 6970828 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a complication of cushing's syndrome. | | 1981 | 6971068 |
| interaction of pneumocystis carinii with host lungs: an ultrastructural study. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was produced in rats by the administration of corticosteroids, low (8%) protein diet, and tetracycline in the drinking water. the rats were sacrificed at weekly intervals, and their lungs were examined by electron microscopy. for the first 6 weeks, few alterations were noted in host pulmonary tissue, except a close attachment of p. carinii trophozoites to the type i pneumocytes. at 7 to 8 weeks, when the infection reached the peak intensity on light microscopy, deg ... | 1980 | 6971258 |
| [acute pneumopathy with pneumocystis carinii]. | | 1980 | 6971465 |
| intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | twenty-nine immunocompromised patients were treated with intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for possible pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the diagnosis was established in 15 severely hypoxemic patients with lymphoreticular malignancy or cardiac transplants by open lung biopsy or transthoracic needle aspirate. in 13 (87 percent) of the 15, the response to therapy was rapid. they became afebrile in a mean of 2.1 days, showed improved arterial blood oxygenation in 4.7 days and improvements on ... | 1981 | 6972167 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1981 | 6972850 |
| prevalence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in severe combined immunodeficiency. | | 1981 | 6973016 |
| course of pulmonary dysfunction in children surviving pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. a prospective study. | pulmonary function studies were done serially in 23 children 7 to 18 yrs of age who had survived the acute stage of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. each child was asymptomatic. spirometric indices, expiratory flows, pulmonary gas transfer factor, arterial blood gases, and other clinical variables were assessed a few days before patients were discharged from the hospital and at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month intervals thereafter; two patients developed recurrent pneumonitis during follow-up and were ... | 1981 | 6973303 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. | | 1981 | 6973317 |
| poor rectal absorption of trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole in treating pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | a 24-year-old female with hodgkin's disease and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was tested with trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (tmp/smx) tablets. because treatment failure was feared owing to chronic emesis potentially resulting in incomplete drug absorption, the same tmp/smx dose was administered by rectal suppositories after the 5th day of oral dosing. the relative fractions (rectal/oral) or the suppository dose absorbed for tmp and smx were 3.0% and 19.5% respectively. when tmp/smx treatment i ... | 1981 | 6973756 |
| mechanism of pulmonary alveolar injury in experimental pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the rat. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was produced in rats by the administration of corticosteroids and the permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane was studied, using horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as an ultrastructural marker. the alveolar-capillary membrane was impermeable to hrp at 4 weeks of corticosteroid treatment as well as in control rats. however, by 7 weeks, when the type i pneumocyte started to show degenerative changes, hrp leaked through the capillary endothelium, indicating changes ... | 1981 | 6975112 |
| an outbreak of community-acquired pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: initial manifestation of cellular immune dysfunction. | eleven cases of community-acquired pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurred between 1979 and 1981 and prompted clinical and immunologic evaluation of the patients. young men who were drug abusers (seven patients), homosexuals (six), or both (two) presented with pneumonia. immunologic testing revealed that absolute lymphocyte counts, t-cell counts, and lymphocyte proliferation were depressed, and that humoral immunity was intact. of the 11 patients, one was found to have kaposi's sarcoma, and anot ... | 1981 | 6975437 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a light microscopical and ultrastructural study. | a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developing a patient with treated diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma is described. the electron microscopic features and life cycle of the organism are illustrated. the patient died twenty-four hours after the biopsy had been taken. septrin appeared to have affected the trophozoite stage. pneumocystis carinii appears to induce interstitial pulmonary oedema and fibrosis. a discussion of the role of electron microscopy in early diagnosis of the disease is present ... | 1981 | 6975781 |
| measurement of pneumocystis carinii antigen by enzyme immunoassay. | | 1981 | 6975792 |
| thoracoscopy in children. | in the past four and one-half years we have used thoracoscopy as the primary technique for pulmonary biopsy in children. during that interval, over 80 thoracoscopic procedures have been performed with no mortality and minimal morbidity. the ages of the patients have ranged between 2 weeks and 20 years. the procedure is carried out in the general operating room under regional and intravenous anesthesia, avoiding the need for endotracheal intubation. fourty-two of the procedures have been performe ... | 1981 | 6975929 |
| provocation experiment: pneumocystis carinii in several kinds of animals. | provocation experiments of p. carinii in several kinds of laboratory animals were carried out in an animal house where p. carinii of rat strain had been maintained for several years. the organism propagated in cortisone treated rats, rabbits and mice without difficulty as reported by some authors in the past. the organism also propagated in the lungs of rats which had been bred with protein free diet. the present paper first indicates that guinea pig is susceptible to p. carinii. on the other ha ... | 1981 | 6976052 |
| chronic granulomatous disease and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1982 | 6976556 |
| pneumocystis carinii: freeze-fracture study of stages of the organism. | | 1982 | 6976901 |
| serum antibody responses to pneumocystis carinii among different strains of normal and athymic mice. | pneumocystis carinii infection was produced in normal mice by the administration of corticosteroids and in athymic mice by the transmission of exogenous mouse- or rat-derived organisms. serum antibodies to p. carinii, measured by an indirect fluorescent-antibody technique, were found in five of six strains of normal mice. although antibody titers varied widely among the control and steroid-treated mice, they were inversely proportional to the intensity of p. carinii infection in the lungs. in se ... | 1982 | 6976938 |
| [epidemiology of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the light of observed cases]. | | 1981 | 6977132 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a previously healthy adult. | | 1982 | 6977653 |
| provocation of infection due to pneumocystis carinii by cyclosporin a. | | 1982 | 6978916 |
| usual interstitial pneumonitis in infancy. clinical and pathologic evaluation. | interstitial lung disease is uncommon in infancy and childhood, and the long-term clinical and pathologic evolution of this entity in infants has not been published previously. we describe an infant with a steroid-sensitive chronic interstitial pneumonitis for which the clinical and histopathologic progression of the disease are presented. a family history of interstitial pneumonitis consistent with an autosomal dominant trait was present, and pneumocystis carinii were found in the lung biopsy s ... | 1982 | 6979466 |
| natural mode of acquisition for de novo infection with pneumocystis carinii. | axenic rats maintained in germfree isolators were found to be free of pneumocystis carinii after three months of immunosuppression with dexamethasone. this p. carinii-free rat model was used to identify the mode of acquisition of p. carinii from the natural environment. germfree were exposed in selective manner to potential sources of p.carinii, including air, water, and food. animals exposed in the isolator with filtered (sterile) air and to regular (unsterile) water and food did not acquire p. ... | 1982 | 6979590 |
| retinal cotton-wool spots in a patient with pneumocystis carinii infection. | | 1982 | 6979707 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in drug addict. | | 1982 | 6979726 |
| effects of bacterial pneumonitis on development of pneumocystosis in rats. | disease caused by the protozoan parasite pneumocystis carinii complicates management of patients with a variety of defects in immune function and is most commonly observed in patients who receive long-term therapy with glucocorticoids. in the rat, disease is readily induced by chronic administration of glucocorticoids. however, rats that have had polymorphonuclear leukocytic pneumonitis induced by pseudomonas are protected from development of pneumocystosis, whereas rats that have received an in ... | 1982 | 6979959 |
| failure of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the therapy of recurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment and prophylaxis of pneumocystis cariniii is well established. treatment failure with this regimen has been ascribed to inadequate antibiotic serum concentrations. we describe an immunosuppressed patient with recurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who failed to respond to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy despite high antibiotic serum concentrations. subsequently, a response to pentamidine isethionate was obtained. the reason for fai ... | 1982 | 6979960 |
| does pneumocystis carinii occur in kenya? | an experiment was carried out exposing immunosuppressed mice to the atmosphere to determine if transmission of pneumocystis carinii occurred in kenya. mice were killed at weekly intervals for four months and the lungs examined histologically for the presence of these parasites. none of the mice contracted even light infections and this, together with the lack of clinical evidence of this disease in immunosuppressed or neonatal cases, suggests that this parasite does not occur in kenya. possible ... | 1982 | 6980504 |
| fractionation of pneumocystis carinii antigens used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies and in the production of antiserum for detecting pneumocystis carinii antigenemia. | cyst-rich suspensions of pneumocystis carinii were obtained by differential and gradient centrifugation from heavily infected rat lungs. after preparation of an aqueous-soluble extract of the cyst-rich material, the insoluble residue was extracted with 8 m urea. small amounts of infected human lung tissue and uninfected rat and human lung were processed similarly. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that both human and rat infected lung extracts contained a large pro ... | 1982 | 6980894 |
| detection of specific antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and antigenemia by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in humans infected with pneumocystis carinii. | a urea-soluble extract of cyst-rich material from rat lung heavily infected with pneumocystis carinii was evaluated in an enzyme-linked immunosorption assay for antibody in 461 human sera. the highest level of reactivity occurred in sera submitted for serodiagnosis from proved or highly suspect cases. however, the range of reactivities in these groups, many of whom were on immunosuppressive therapy, was very wide. a more restricted lower range of reactivity was observed in both hospital-family c ... | 1982 | 6980895 |
| acridine orange staining of pneumocystis carinii. | acridine orange was used to stain smears of mouse lung which contained cyst and trophozoite forms of pneumocystis carinii. trophozoite forms stained yellow to orange; however, cyst forms did not stain. acridine orange is a rapid and sensitive method for demonstrating trophozoites of p. carinii in mouse lung tissue. | 1982 | 6980898 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim alone for prophylaxis of infection in granulocytopenic patients. | prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) has been shown to reduce the incidence of fever, parenteral antibiotic usage, and infections with gram-negative bacteria in hospitalized patients with neutropenia. furthermore, tmp-smz was found to be equivalent to or better than oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics in direct comparisons and to have an additive effect when given together with other oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics. adults given tmp-smz continuously had fewer readmissions for infecti ... | 1982 | 6981175 |