| genome-wide association mapping of black point reaction in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | black point is a serious threat to wheat production and can be managed by host resistance. marker-assisted selection (mas) has the potential to accelerate genetic improvement of black point resistance in wheat breeding. we performed a genome-wide association study (gwas) using the high-density wheat 90 k and 660 k single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) assays to better understand the genetic basis of black point resistance and identify associated molecular markers. | 2017 | 29169344 |
| saline soil properties, quality and productivity of wheat grown with bagasse ash and thiourea in different climatic zones. | soil salinity and atmosphere temperature change have negative impacts on crop productivity and its quality and can pose a significant risk to soil properties in semi-arid regions. we conducted two field experiments in north (first zone) and south (second zone) of egypt to investigate the effects of soil bagasse ash (10 ton ha-1), foliar thiourea (240 g ha-1) and their combination in comparison to the control treatment on saline soil properties and productivity and quality traits of wheat. all st ... | 2018 | 29169129 |
| the role of reproductive isolation in allopolyploid speciation patterns: empirical insights from the progenitors of common wheat. | the ability to cause reproductive isolation often varies among individuals within a plant species. we addressed whether such polymorphism influenced speciation of the allopolyploid common wheat (triticum aestivum l., aabbdd genome) by evaluating the expression of pre-pollination (outcrossing potential) and post-pollination (crossability) barriers in aegilops tauschii coss. (the d genome progenitor). in total, 201 ae. tauschii accessions representing the entire natural habitat range of the specie ... | 2017 | 29167543 |
| genome-wide analysis of a recently active retrotransposon, au sine, in wheat: content, distribution within subgenomes and chromosomes, and gene associations. | here, we show that au sine elements have strong associations with protein-coding genes in wheat. most importantly au sine insertion within introns causes allelic variation and might induce intron retention. the impact of transposable elements (tes) on genome structure and function is intensively studied in eukaryotes, especially in plants where tes can reach up to 90% of the genome in some cases, such as in wheat. here, we have performed a genome-wide in-silico analysis using the updated publicl ... | 2018 | 29164313 |
| genome-wide association study reveals novel genes associated with culm cellulose content in bread wheat (triticum aestivum, l.). | plant cell wall formation is a complex, coordinated and developmentally regulated process. cellulose is the most dominant constituent of plant cell walls. because of its paracrystalline structure, cellulose is the main determinant of mechanical strength of plant tissues. as the most abundant polysaccharide on earth, it is also the focus of cellulosic biofuel industry. to reduce culm lodging in wheat and for improved ethanol production, delineation of the variation for stem cellulose content coul ... | 2017 | 29163625 |
| genome-wide association study of calcium accumulation in grains of european wheat cultivars. | mineral concentrations in cereals are important for human health, especially for people who depend mainly on consuming cereal diet. in this study, we carried out a genome-wide association study (gwas) of calcium concentrations in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grains using a european wheat diversity panel of 353 varieties [339 winter wheat (ww) plus 14 of spring wheat (sw)] and phenotypic data based on two field seasons. high genotyping densities of single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers wer ... | 2017 | 29163559 |
| development of an efficient and reproducible regeneration system in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the availability of reproducible regeneration system through tissue culture is a major bottleneck in wheat improvement program. the present study has considered to develop an efficient callus induction and regeneration system using mature and immature embryos as explants in recently released agronomically superior spring wheat varieties. an efficient sterilization process was standardized using 0.1% hgcl2 and 70% ethanol for both seeds and embryos. the maximum possible combinations of plant grow ... | 2017 | 29158641 |
| performance indices in wheat chlorophyll a fluorescence and protein quality influenced by fhb. | very little is known about the physiological interactions between wheat quality and fusarium head blight (fhb), which substantially reduces wheat grain yield and quality worldwide. in order to investigate stress-induced changes in flag leaves from plants artificially inoculated with fusarium, we screened for chlorophyll a fluorescence transient at 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 days after fusarium inoculation. our results indicate that the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry (fv/fm) and the performance i ... | 2017 | 29156605 |
| signaling molecule methylglyoxal ameliorates cadmium injury in wheat (triticum aestivum l) by a coordinated induction of glutathione pool and glyoxalase system. | methylglyoxal (mg) now is found to be an emerging signaling molecule. it can relieve the toxicity of cadmium (cd), however its alleviating mechanism still remains unknown. in this study, compared with the cd-stressed seedlings without mg treatment, mg treatment could stimulate the activities of glutathione reductase (gr) and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-ecs) in cd-stressed wheat seedlings, which in turn induced an increase of reduced glutathione (gsh). adversely, the activated enzymes re ... | 2018 | 29154133 |
| biochar effects on uptake of cadmium and lead by wheat in relation to annual precipitation: a 3-year field study. | biochar has been widely studied for its ability to reduce plant uptake of heavy metals by lowering metal bioavailabilities through adsorption and ph-driven fixation reactions. however, the long-term effect of biochar on heavy metal bioavailabilities in alkaline soils under natural redox condition is rarely studied. here, we report a study examining the effects of biochar on bioavailability and partitioning of cadmium (cd) and lead (pb) among different soil fractions over 3 years in a field study ... | 2017 | 29151186 |
| a novel allele of tagw2-a1 is located in a finely mapped qtl that increases grain weight but decreases grain number in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a novel tagw2-a1 allele was identified from a stable, robust qtl region, which is pleiotropic for thousand grain weight, grain number per spike, and grain morphometric parameters in wheat. thousand grain weight (tgw) and grain number per spike (gns) are two crucial determinants of wheat spike yield, and genetic dissection of their relationships can help to fine-tune these two components and maximize grain yield. by evaluating 191 recombinant inbred lines in 11 field trials, we identified five ge ... | 2017 | 29150697 |
| identification and expression profiling of pht1 phosphate transporters in wheat in controlled environments and in the field. | phosphorus (p) is an important macronutrient with critical functions in plants. phosphate (pi) transporters, which mediate pi acquisition and pi translocation within the plant, are key factors in pi deficiency responses. however, their relevance for adaptation to long-term pi limitation under agronomic conditions, particularly in wheat, remains unknown. here, we describe the identification of the complete pi transporter gene family (pht1) in wheat (triticum aestivum). gene expression profiles we ... | 2017 | 29148171 |
| arbuscular mycorrhizal strategy for zinc mycoremediation and diminished translocation to shoots and grains in wheat. | mycoremediation is an on-site remediation strategy, which employs fungi to degrade or sequester contaminants from the environment. the present work focused on the bioremediation of soils contaminated with zinc by the use of a native mycorrhizal fungi (am) called funneliformis geosporum (nicol. & gerd.) walker & schüßler. experiments were performed using triticum aestivum l. cv. gemmeza-10 at different concentrations of zn (50, 100, 200 mg kg-1) and inoculated with or without f. geosporum. the re ... | 2017 | 29145471 |
| genome sequence of the progenitor of the wheat d genome aegilops tauschii. | aegilops tauschii is the diploid progenitor of the d genome of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, genomes aabbdd) and an important genetic resource for wheat. the large size and highly repetitive nature of the ae. tauschii genome has until now precluded the development of a reference-quality genome sequence. here we use an array of advanced technologies, including ordered-clone genome sequencing, whole-genome shotgun sequencing, and bionano optical genome mapping, to generate a reference-qualit ... | 2017 | 29143815 |
| streptomyces tritici sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | two novel actinomycete isolates, designated strains neau-a4t and neau-a3, were isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (triticumaestivum l.) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the two strains coincided with those of the genus streptomyces. the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that the two isolates exhibited 99.6 % 16s rrna gene sequence similarity with each other and that they were most closely related to streptomyces violaceo ... | 2017 | 29143728 |
| features of ppd-b1 expression regulation and their impact on the flowering time of wheat near-isogenic lines. | photoperiod insensitive ppd-1a alleles determine early flowering of wheat. increased expression of homoeologous ppd-d1a and ppd-a1a result from deletions in the promoter region, and elevated expression of ppd-b1a is determined by an increased copy number. | 2017 | 29143607 |
| fine organization of genomic regions tagged to the 5s rdna locus of the bread wheat 5b chromosome. | the multigene family encoding the 5s rrna, one of the most important structurally-functional part of the large ribosomal subunit, is an obligate component of all eukaryotic genomes. 5s rdna has long been a favored target for cytological and phylogenetic studies due to the inherent peculiarities of its structural organization, such as the tandem arrays of repetitive units and their high interspecific divergence. the complex polyploid nature of the genome of bread wheat, triticum aestivum, and the ... | 2017 | 29143604 |
| molecular and agro-morphological characterization of ancient wheat landraces of turkey. | turkey is one of the important gene centers for many crop species. in this research, some ancient wheats such as tetraploid and diploid hulled wheats together with hexaploid tir wheats (triticum aestivum ssp. leucospermum korn.) landraces mainly adapted to harsh winter conditions of eastern anatolian region of turkey were characterized at agro-morphological and molecular level. totally 50 hulled wheat population from kastamonu, konya and kayseri provinces and 15 tir wheats from kars provinces of ... | 2017 | 29143602 |
| gwas for plant growth stages and yield components in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) harvested in three regions of kazakhstan. | spring wheat is the largest agricultural crop grown in kazakhstan with an annual sowing area of 12 million hectares in 2016. annually, the country harvests around 15 million tons of high quality grain. despite environmental stress factors it is predicted that the use of new technologies may lead to increases in productivity from current levels of 1.5 to up to 3 tons per hectare. one way of improving wheat productivity is by the application of new genomic oriented approaches in plant breeding pro ... | 2017 | 29143598 |
| a model of leaf coordination to scale-up leaf expansion from the organ to the canopy. | process-based crop growth models are popular tools with which to analyze and understand the impact of crop management, genotype-by-environment interactions, or climate change. the ability to predict leaf area development is critical to predict crop growth, particularly under conditions of limited resources. here, we aimed at deciphering growth coordination rules between wheat (triticum aestivum) plant organs (i.e. between leaves within a stem, between laminae and sheaths, and between the mainste ... | 2018 | 29142024 |
| physical localization of a locus from agropyron cristatum conferring resistance to stripe rust in common wheat. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. agropyron cristatum (l.) gaertn. (2n = 28, pppp), one of the wild relatives of wheat, exhibits resistance to stripe rust. in this study, wheat-a. cristatum 6p disomic addition line 4844-12 also exhibited resistance to stripe rust. to identify the stripe rust resistance locus from a. cristatum 6p, ten translocation lines, five deletion lines and the ... | 2017 | 29137188 |
| glycomyces rhizosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from the root and rhizosphere soil of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | two actinomycete strains, neau-c11t and neau-c8, isolated from rhizosphere soil and wheat root, respectively, collected from langfang, hebei province, china. a polyphasic study was carried out to establish the taxonomic position of the two strains. morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolates coincided with the genus glycomyces. sequences analysis of the 16s rrna gene also showed that the organisms belong to the genus glycomyces and glycomyces algeriensis is the highest seque ... | 2017 | 29134931 |
| stable isotope evidences for identifying crop water uptake in a typical winter wheat-summer maize rotation field in the north china plain. | better managing agricultural water resources, which are increasingly stressed by climate change and anthropogenic activities, is difficult, particularly because of variations in water uptake patterns associated with crop type and growth stage. thus, the stable isotopes δ18o and δ2h were employed to investigate the water uptake patterns of a summer maize (zea mays l.) and winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) rotation system in the north china plain. based on the soil water content, soil layers wer ... | 2018 | 29128762 |
| cytogenetic analysis and mapping of leaf rust resistance in aegilops speltoides tausch derived bread wheat line selection2427 carrying putative gametocidal gene(s). | leaf rust (puccinia triticina) is a major biotic stress affecting wheat yields worldwide. host-plant resistance is the best method for controlling leaf rust. aegilops speltoides is a good source of resistance against wheat rusts. to date, five lr genes, lr28, lr35, lr36, lr47, and lr51, have been transferred from ae. speltoides to bread wheat. in selection2427, a bread wheat introgresed line with ae. speltoides as the donor parent, a dominant gene for leaf rust resistance was mapped to the long ... | 2017 | 29125785 |
| isolation and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a wheat - leymus mollis double monosomic addition line and its progenies with resistance to stripe rust. | a common wheat - leymus mollis (2n = 4x = 28, nsnsxmxm) double monosomic addition line, m11003-4-3-8/13/15 (2n = 44 = 42t.a + l.m2 + l.m3), with stripe rust resistance was developed (where t.a represents triticum aestivum chromosome, l.m represents l. mollis chromosome, and l.m2/3 represents l. mollis chromosome of homoeologous groups 2 and 3). the progenies of line m11003-4-3-8/13/15 were characterized by cytological observation, specific molecular markers, fluorescence in situ hybridization (f ... | 2017 | 29125778 |
| uptake, translocation, and biotransformation of organophosphorus esters in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the uptake, translocation and biotransformation of organophosphate esters (opes) by wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were investigated by a hydroponic experiment. the results demonstrated that opes with higher hydrophobicity were more easily taken up by roots, and opes with lower hydrophobicity were more liable to be translocated acropetally. a total of 43 metabolites including dealkylated, oxidatively dechlorinated, hydroxylated, methoxylated, and glutathione-, and glucuronide- conjugated products ... | 2017 | 29125288 |
| development of a complete set of wheat-barley group-7 robertsonian translocation chromosomes conferring an increased content of β-glucan. | a complete set of six compensating robertsonian translocation chromosomes involving barley chromosome 7h and three chromosomes of hexaploid wheat was produced. grain β-glucan content increased in lines containing 7hl. many valuable genes for agronomic performance, disease resistance and increased yield have been transferred from relative species to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) through whole-arm robertsonian translocations (robt). although of a great value, the sets of available translocations fr ... | 2018 | 29124282 |
| effect of nitrogen levels and nitrogen ratios on lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | lodging is one of the constraints that limit wheat yields and quality due to the unexpected bending or breaking stems on wheat (triticum aestivum l.) production worldwide. in addition to choosing lodging resistance varieties, husbandry practices also have a significant effect on lodging. nitrogen management is one of the most common and efficient methods. a field experiment with yangmai 20 as research material (a widely-used variety) was conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen level ... | 2017 | 29117250 |
| gene encoding vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein from triticum aestivum (tavap) confers tolerance to drought stress. | abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, high and low temperature, and submergence are major factors that limit the crop productivity. hence, identification of genes associated with stress response in crops is a prerequisite for improving their tolerance to adverse environmental conditions. in an earlier study, we had identified a drought-inducible gene, vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein (tavap), in developing grains of wheat. in this study, we demonstrate that tavap is able ... | 2017 | 29116579 |
| [myc gene family in cereals: transformations during evolution of hexaploid bread wheat and its relatives]. | the transcription factors of the myc gene family are an integral part of the myb + myc + wd40 regulatory complex required to activate the genes of plant flavonoid biosynthesis. the tamyc1 gene, which controls the synthesis of flavonoid pigments in the grain pericarp, is known in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l., bbaadd genome, 2n = 6x = 42). in the present work, we identified 10 copies of this gene in the t. aestivum genome, 22 copies in the nearest bread wheat relatives (t. durum, t. urartu, t ... | 2017 | 29116063 |
| early plant growth and biochemical responses induced by azospirillum brasilense sp245 lipopolysaccharides in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings are attenuated by procyanidin b2. | this study analyzes the effects of procyanidin b2 on early wheat plant growth and plant biochemical responses promoted by lipopolysaccharides (lps) derived from the rhizobacteria azospirillum brasilense sp245. measurements of leaf, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight showed in vitro plant growth stimulation 4 days after treatment with a. brasilense as well as lps. superoxide anion (o2·-) and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) levels increased in seedling roots treated with lps (100 μg ml-1). the chl ... | 2017 | 29110138 |
| poaceae-specific ms1 encodes a phospholipid-binding protein for male fertility in bread wheat. | male sterility is an essential trait in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops, including rice and wheat. however, compared with the high percentage of hybrid rice planted in the world, little commercial hybrid wheat is planted globally as a result of the lack of a suitable system for male sterility. therefore, understanding the molecular nature of male fertility in wheat is critical for commercially viable hybrid wheat. here, we report the cloning and characterization of male sterility 1 ... | 2017 | 29109252 |
| fusarium crown rot caused by fusarium pseudograminearum in cereal crops: recent progress and future prospects. | diseases caused by fusarium pathogens inflict major yield and quality losses on many economically important plant species worldwide, including cereals. fusarium crown rot (fcr) caused by fusarium pseudograminearum is a cereal disease that occurs in many arid and semi-arid cropping regions of the world. in recent years, this disease has become more prevalent, in part due to the adoption of moisture-preserving cultural practices such as minimum tillage and stubble retention. in this pathogen profi ... | 2017 | 29105256 |
| unlocking the diversity of genebanks: whole-genome marker analysis of swiss bread wheat and spelt. | high-throughput genotyping of swiss bread wheat and spelt accessions revealed differences in their gene pools and identified bread wheat landraces that were not used in breeding. genebanks play a pivotal role in preserving the genetic diversity present among old landraces and wild progenitors of modern crops and they represent sources of agriculturally important genes that were lost during domestication and in modern breeding. however, undesirable genes that negatively affect crop performance ar ... | 2018 | 29103142 |
| transcriptome dynamics provide insights into long-term salinity stress tolerance in triticum aestivum cv. kharchia local. | kharchia local, a wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivar, is native to the saline-sodic soils of pali district, rajasthan, india and well known for its salinity stress tolerance. in the present study, we performed transcriptome sequencing to compare genome wide differential expression pattern between flag leaves of salinity stressed (15 ec) and control plants at anthesis stage. the 63.9 million paired end raw reads were assembled into 74,106 unigenes, of which, 3197 unigenes were found to be differe ... | 2017 | 29102901 |
| from genetic stock to genome editing: gene exploitation in wheat. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) ranks as one of our most important staple crops. however, its hexaploid nature has complicated our understanding of the genetic bases underlying many of its traits. historically, functional genetic studies in wheat have focused on identifying natural variations and have contributed to assembling and enriching its genetic stock. recently, mold-breaking advances in whole genome sequencing, exome-capture based mutant libraries, and genome editing have revolutionized ... | 2017 | 29102241 |
| genetic mapping reveals a dominant awn-inhibiting gene related to differentiation of the variety anathera in the wild diploid wheat aegilops tauschii. | aegilops tauschii, a wild wheat relative, is the d-genome donor of common wheat. subspecies and varieties of ae. tauschii are traditionally classified based on differences in their inflorescence architecture. however, the genetic information for their diversification has been quite limited in the wild wheat relatives. the variety anathera has no awn on the lemma, but the genetic basis for this diagnostic character is unknown. wide variations in awn length traits at the top and middle spikes were ... | 2018 | 29101627 |
| genome-wide analysis of the cellulose synthase-like (csl) gene family in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | hemicelluloses are a diverse group of complex, non-cellulosic polysaccharides, which constitute approximately one-third of the plant cell wall and find use as dietary fibres, food additives and raw materials for biofuels. genes involved in hemicellulose synthesis have not been extensively studied in small grain cereals. | 2017 | 29100539 |
| transfer of a starch phenotype from wild wheat to bread wheat by deletion of a locus controlling b-type starch granule content. | our previous genetic analysis of a tetraploid wild wheat species, aegilops peregrina, predicted that a single gene per haploid genome, bgc-1, controls b-type starch granule content in the grain. to test whether bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has orthologous bgc-1 loci, we screened a population of γ-irradiated bread wheat cv. paragon for deletions of the group 4 chromosomes spanning bgc-1. suitable deletions, each encompassing ~600-700 genes, were discovered for chromosomes 4a and 4d. these t ... | 2017 | 29099990 |
| impact of grazing dairy steers on winter rye (secale cereale) versus winter wheat (triticum aestivum) and effects on meat quality, fatty acid and amino acid profiles, and consumer acceptability of organic beef. | meat from holstein and crossbred organic dairy steers finished on winter rye and winter wheat pastures was evaluated and compared for meat quality, fatty acid and amino acid profiles, and consumer acceptability. two adjacent 4-ha plots were established with winter rye or winter wheat cover crops in september 2015 at the university of minnesota west central research and outreach center (morris, mn). during spring of 2015, 30 steers were assigned to one of three replicate breed groups at birth. br ... | 2017 | 29099863 |
| the content of tocols in south african wheat; impact on nutritional benefits. | wheat is a major component within human consumption, and due to the large intake of wheat, it has an impact on human nutritional health. this study aimed at an increased understanding of how the content and composition of tocols may be governed for increased nutritional benefit of wheat consumption. therefore, ten south african wheat cultivars from three locations were fractionated into white and whole flour, the content and concentration of tocols were evaluated by high performance liquid chrom ... | 2017 | 29099067 |
| wheat chronic exposure to tio2-nanoparticles: cyto- and genotoxic approach. | this study investigates the phytotoxicity of chronic exposure (up to 20 d) of different tio2 nanoparticles (tio2-np) concentrations (5, 50, 150 mg l-1) in triticum aestivum. germination was not affected by tio2-np exposure and seedling shoot length (3 d) was enhanced. contrarily, plants' shoot growth (20 d) was impaired. effects on membrane permeability and total antioxidant capacity in tio2-np chronic exposure were organ dependent: increased in leaves and decreased in roots. roots also showed l ... | 2017 | 29096177 |
| effects of bacillus subtilis on some physiological and biochemical parameters of triticum aestivum l. (wheat) under salinity. | endophytic strain bacillus subtilis (b. subtilis) 10-4, producing indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and siderofores but not active in phosphate solubilization, exerted a protective effect on triticum aestivum l. (wheat) plant grown under salinity (2% nacl) stress. exposure to salt stress resulted in an essential increase of proline (pro) and malondialdehyde (mda) level in the seedlings. at the same time the seedlings inoculated with b. subtilis 10-4 were characterized by decreased level of stress-induc ... | 2017 | 29096176 |
| chromosomal constitutions of five wheat - elytrigia elongata partial amphiploids as revealed by gish, multicolor gish and fish. | a combination of meiotic pairing analysis and in situ hybridization (genomic in situ hybridization [gish], multicolor gish [mcgish] and fluorescence in situ hybridization [fish]) of five triticum aestivum (linnaeus, 1753) - elytrigia elongata (podpěra, 1902) (2n = 10x = 70) amphiploids was employed to investigate the genomic constitution and relationships between wheat and alien chromosomes. gish, multicolor gish and fish patterns of mitotic chromosomes indicate that the genomic constitution of ... | 2017 | 29093801 |
| multiple mechanisms are involved in new imazamox-resistant varieties of durum and soft wheat. | weed control in wheat is one of the major goals of farmers in their efforts toward obtaining the highest crop yields for human foods. several studies (dose-response, enzyme activity, absorption-translocation and metabolism) were conducted to characterize the resistance level of two new wheat cultivars called rafalín (triticum aestivum) and antoñín (t. durum) that were obtained by conventional breeding based on clearfield® technology; they are resistant (r) to imazamox compared to their sensitive ... | 2017 | 29093532 |
| using synchrotron-based approaches to examine the foliar application of znso4 and zno nanoparticles for field-grown winter wheat. | the effects of foliar-applied zno nanoparticles (zno nps) and znso4 on the winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grain yield and grain quality were studied under field conditions, with the distribution and speciation of zn within the grain examined using synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. although neither of the two zn compounds improved the grain yield or quality, both increased the grain zn concentration (average increments were 5 and 10 mg/kg for ... | 2017 | 29091444 |
| the e3 ligase tasap5 alters drought stress responses by promoting the degradation of drip proteins. | in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) plants growing under normal conditions, dehydration-responsive element binding protein2a (dreb2a) is present at low levels because it is ubiquitinated and destabilized by dreb2a interacting protein1 (drip1) and drip2 through 26s proteasome-mediated proteolysis. drought stress counteracts the ubiquitination and proteolysis of dreb2a, thus allowing the accumulation of sufficient amounts of dreb2a protein to activate downstream gene expression. the mechanisms l ... | 2017 | 29089392 |
| evolution of the aux/iaa gene family in hexaploid wheat. | the aux/iaa (iaa) gene family, involved in the auxin signalling pathway, acts as an important regulator in plant growth and development. in this study, we explored the evolutionary trajectory of the iaa family in common wheat. the results showed ten pairs of paralogs among 34 taiaa family members. seven of the pairs might have undergone segmental duplication, and the other three pairs appear to have experienced tandem duplication. except for taiaa15-16, these duplication events occurred in the a ... | 2017 | 29085968 |
| allelic analysis of low molecular weight glutenin subunits using 2-dge in korean wheat cultivars. | two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-dge) was used as a complement to sds-page to determine the allelic compositions of lmw-gs in 32 korean wheat cultivars. protein patterns generated by 2-dge from each cultivar were compared to patterns from standard wheat cultivars for each allele. at the glu-a3 locus, thirteen c, twelve d, three e (null), two g and two new alleles were identified. at the glu-b3 locus, one b, nineteen d, four h, one i and five ad alleles were identified. at the glu-d3 locus, ... | 2017 | 29085250 |
| potage: a visualisation tool for speeding up gene discovery in wheat. | popseq ordered triticum aestivum gene expression (potage) is a web application which accelerates the process of identifying candidate genes for quantitative trait loci (qtl) in hexaploid wheat. this is achieved by leveraging several of the most commonly used data sets in wheat research. these include the chromosome survey sequences, their order along the chromosomes determined by the population sequencing (popseq) approach, the gene predictions and rna-seq expression data. potage aggregates thos ... | 2017 | 29085014 |
| identification of heterotrophic zinc mobilization processes among bacterial strains isolated from wheat rhizosphere (triticum aestivum l.). | soil and plant inoculation with heterotrophic zinc-solubilizing bacteria (zsb) is considered a promising approach for increasing zinc (zn) phytoavailability and enhancing crop growth and nutritional quality. nevertheless, it is necessary to understand the underlying bacterial solubilization processes to predict their repeatability in inoculation strategies. acidification via gluconic acid production remains the most reported process. in this study, wheat rhizosphere soil serial dilutions were pl ... | 2018 | 29079619 |
| genome-wide analysis of wheat calcium atpases and potential role of selected acas and ecas in calcium stress. | p2- type calcium atpases (acas-auto inhibited calcium atpases and ecas-endoplasmic reticulum calcium atpases) belong to the p- type atpase family of active membrane transporters and are significantly involved in maintaining accurate levels of ca2+, mn2+ and zn2+ in the cytosol as well as playing a very important role in stress signaling, stomatal opening and closing and pollen tube growth. here we report the identification and possible role of some of these atpases from wheat. | 2017 | 29078753 |
| identification and characterization of sr13, a tetraploid wheat gene that confers resistance to the ug99 stem rust race group. | the puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (pgt) ug99 race group is virulent to most stem rust resistance genes currently deployed in wheat and poses a threat to global wheat production. the durum wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. durum) gene sr13 confers resistance to ug99 and other virulent races, and is more effective at high temperatures. using map-based cloning, we delimited a candidate region including two linked genes encoding coiled-coil nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat proteins designated c ... | 2017 | 29078294 |
| agronomic traits and molecular marker identification of wheat-aegilops caudata addition lines. | aegilops caudata is an important gene source for wheat breeding. intensive evaluation of its utilization value is an essential first step prior to its application in breeding. in this research, the agronomical and quality traits of triticum aestivum-ae. caudata additions b-g (homoeologous groups not identified) were analyzed and evaluated. disease resistance tests showed that chromosome d of ae. caudata might possess leaf rust resistance, and chromosome e might carry stem rust and powdery mildew ... | 2017 | 29075275 |
| host-induced gene silencing of the mapkk gene psfuz7 confers stable resistance to wheat stripe rust. | rna interference (rnai) is a powerful genetic tool to accelerate research in plant biotechnology and control biotic stresses by manipulating target gene expression. however, the potential of rnai in wheat to efficiently and durably control the devastating stripe rust fungus puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst) remained largely under explored so far. to address this issue, we generated transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum) lines expressing dsrna targeting psfuz7 transcripts of pst we analyzed ... | 2017 | 29070517 |
| the first near-complete assembly of the hexaploid bread wheat genome, triticum aestivum. | common bread wheat, triticum aestivum, has one of the most complex genomes known to science, with 6 copies of each chromosome, enormous numbers of near-identical sequences scattered throughout, and an overall haploid size of more than 15 billion bases. multiple past attempts to assemble the genome have produced assemblies that were well short of the estimated genome size. here we report the first near-complete assembly of t. aestivum, using deep sequencing coverage from a combination of short il ... | 2017 | 29069494 |
| the potential role of selected bioactive compounds from spelt and common wheat in glycemic control. | diet is an important lifestyle factor which influences people's health and the prevention of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. cereal-based foods constitute the main component of the everyday diet worldwide. old cereal species like spelt (triticum spelta l.) are becoming more and more popular, especially in europe. this review focuses on the role of bioactive compounds from spelt and their possible biological mechanisms of action in glycemic control. spelt grain contains a high amount of ... | 2017 | 29068605 |
| physical location of new pcr-based markers and powdery mildew resistance gene(s) on rye (secale cereale l.) chromosome 4 using 4r dissection lines. | rye (secale cereale l.) 4r chromosome contains elite genes that are applicable for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar improvement. pcr-based 4r-specific markers can benefit the detection of elite genes on 4r in wheat backgrounds. in this study, a new fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) map of the 4rku chromosome of rye kustro has been constructed. a set of 4rku dissection lines was obtained and 301 new 4rku-specific markers were developed using specific length amplified fragment sequenc ... | 2017 | 29067030 |
| single nucleotide polymorphisms in b-genome specific udp-glucosyl transferases associated with fusarium head blight resistance and reduced deoxynivalenol accumulation in wheat grain. | an in vitro spike culture method was optimized to evaluate fusarium head blight (fhb) resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum) and used to screen a population of ethyl methane sulfonate treated spike culture-derived variants (scdv). of the 134 scdv evaluated, the disease severity score of 47 of the variants was ≤30%. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) in the udp-glucosyltransferase (ugt) genes, taugt-2b, taugt-3b, and taugt-est, differed between ac nanda (an fhb-susceptible wheat variety) and ... | 2018 | 29063821 |
| improving the baking quality of bread wheat by genomic selection in early generations. | genomic selection shows great promise for pre-selecting lines with superior bread baking quality in early generations, 3 years ahead of labour-intensive, time-consuming, and costly quality analysis. the genetic improvement of baking quality is one of the grand challenges in wheat breeding as the assessment of the associated traits often involves time-consuming, labour-intensive, and costly testing forcing breeders to postpone sophisticated quality tests to the very last phases of variety develop ... | 2018 | 29063161 |
| in vivo phosphoproteome characterization reveals key starch granule-binding phosphoproteins involved in wheat water-deficit response. | drought stress during grain development causes significant yield loss in cereal production. the phosphorylated modification of starch granule-binding proteins (sgbps) is an important mechanism regulating wheat starch biosynthesis. in this study, we performed the first proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses of sgbps in elite chinese bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar jingdong 17 under well-watered and water-stress conditions. | 2017 | 29058608 |
| melatonin improves the photosynthetic carbon assimilation and antioxidant capacity in wheat exposed to nano-zno stress. | the release of nanoparticles into the environment is inevitable, which has raised global environmental concern. melatonin is involved in various stress responses in plants. the present study investigated the effects of melatonin on photosynthetic carbon (c) assimilation and plant growth in nano-zno stressed plants. it was found that melatonin improved the photosynthetic c assimilation in nano-zno stressed wheat plants, mainly due to the enhanced photosynthetic energy transport efficiency, higher ... | 2017 | 29057793 |
| heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in soil-wheat system under different nitrogen levels. | heavy metal(loid)s (hms) in organic fertilizer have become a primary source of hms pollution of farmlands, which could cause deleterious health effects in people exposed through soil-plant systems via multi-pathways. this study investigated china's main grain production area (henan province) to evaluate the accumulation and transport characteristics of hms (cr, mn, ni, cu, zn, as, cd and pb) in a soil-wheat system and conduct a health risk assessment for wheat (triticum aestivum) grain under dif ... | 2017 | 29054646 |
| genome-wide identification and analysis of mapk and mapkk gene families in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascade is a universal signal transduction module that plays a vital role in regulating growth and development, as well as environmental stress responses in plants. wheat is one of the most important crops worldwide. although the mapk kinase kinase (map3k) family in wheat has been investigated, the mapk and mapk kinase (map2k) gene families remain unknown at present. here, 54 mapk and 18 mapkk genes were identified in wheat using recent genomic informa ... | 2017 | 29053643 |
| linear discriminant analysis reveals differences in root architecture in wheat seedlings related to nitrogen uptake efficiency. | root architecture impacts water and nutrient uptake efficiency. identifying exactly which root architectural properties influence these agronomic traits can prove challenging. in this paper, approximately 300 wheat (triticum aestivum) plants were divided into four groups using two binary classifications, high versus low nitrogen uptake efficiency (nupe), and high versus low nitrate in the growth medium. the root system architecture for each wheat plant was captured using 16 quantitative variable ... | 2017 | 29048563 |
| an updated protocol for high throughput plant tissue sectioning. | quantification of the tissue and cellular structure of plant material is essential for the study of a variety of plant sciences applications. currently, many methods for sectioning plant material are either low throughput or involve free-hand sectioning which requires a significant amount of practice. here, we present an updated method to provide rapid and high-quality cross sections, primarily of root tissue but which can also be readily applied to other tissues such as leaves or stems. to incr ... | 2017 | 29046689 |
| a quantitative genetic framework highlights the role of epistatic effects for grain-yield heterosis in bread wheat. | increasing wheat yield is a key global challenge to producing sufficient food for a growing human population. wheat grain yield can be boosted by exploiting heterosis, the superior performance of hybrids compared with midparents. here we present a tailored quantitative genetic framework to study the genetic basis of midparent heterosis in hybrid populations derived from crosses among diverse parents. we applied this framework to an extensive data set assembled for winter wheat. grain yield was a ... | 2017 | 29038596 |
| taflo2-a1, an ortholog of rice flo2, is associated with thousand grain weight in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the flo2 gene is a member of a conserved gene family in plants. this gene has been found to be related to thousand grain weight (tgw) in rice. its orthologs in hexaploid wheat were cloned, and the haplotype variation in taflo2-a1 was tested for association with tgw. | 2017 | 29037166 |
| commercial phenoxyacetic herbicides control heavy metal uptake by wheat in a divergent way than pure active substances alone. | impact of two widely used commercial herbicides, i.e. aminopielik d 450 sl and chwastox 300 sl, on the uptake and translocation of selected heavy metals in wheat plants triticum aestivum l. cultivated in the laboratory pot experiments was investigated. mineral-humus, loamy sand soil representative for the central part of poland was applied. bioavailable, exchangeable and total forms of cd, co, cu, zn, pb, and mn were determined. transfer coefficients, translocation, and bioaccumulation factors i ... | 2017 | 29034141 |
| physiological and biochemical responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings to three imidazolium-based ionic liquids in soil. | ionic liquids (ils) are considered environmentally friendly solvents and are widely applied in various fields; however, some researchers have noted the toxicity of ils to plants cultivated in nutrient solution. to evaluate the toxicities of ils to wheat seedlings in soil, the natural growth environment of plants, a study was performed using three imidazolium-based ionic liquids with different anions: 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([c8mim]cl), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([c8mim]br ... | 2018 | 29031056 |
| genetic diversity of avenin-like b genes in aegilops tauschii coss. | avenin-like storage proteins influence the rheological properties and processing quality in common wheat, and the discovery of new alleles will benefit wheat quality improvement. in this study, 13 avenin-like b alleles (taalpb7d-a-m) were discovered in 108 aegilops tauschii coss. accessions. ten alleles were reported for the first time, while the remaining three alleles were the same as alleles in other species. a total of 15 nucleotide changes were detected in the 13 alleles, resulting in only ... | 2018 | 29030762 |
| high-resolution mapping of the pericentromeric region on wheat chromosome arm 5as harbouring the fusarium head blight resistance qtl qfhs.ifa-5a. | the qfhs.ifa-5a allele, contributing to enhanced fusarium head blight resistance in wheat, resides in a low-recombinogenic region of chromosome 5a close to the centromere. a near-isogenic ril population segregating for the qfhs.ifa-5a resistance allele was developed and among 3650 lines as few as four recombined within the pericentromeric c-5as1-0.40 bin, yielding only a single recombination point. genetic mapping of the pericentromeric region using a recombination-dependent approach was thus no ... | 2017 | 29024288 |
| qtls and potential candidate genes for heat stress tolerance identified from the mapping populations specifically segregating for fv/fm in wheat. | despite the fact that fv/fm (maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem ii) is the most widely used parameter for a rapid non-destructive measure of stress detection in plants, there are barely any studies on the genetic understanding of this trait under heat stress. our aim was to identify quantitative trait locus (qtl) and the potential candidate genes linked to fv/fm for improved photosynthesis under heat stress in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). three bi-parental f2 mapping populations were gen ... | 2017 | 29021798 |
| molecular identification of the wheat male fertility gene ms1 and its prospects for hybrid breeding. | the current rate of yield gain in crops is insufficient to meet the predicted demands. capturing the yield boost from heterosis is one of the few technologies that offers rapid gain. hybrids are widely used for cereals, maize and rice, but it has been a challenge to develop a viable hybrid system for bread wheat due to the wheat genome complexity, which is both large and hexaploid. wheat is our most widely grown crop providing 20% of the calories for humans. here, we describe the identification ... | 2017 | 29021581 |
| a conserved fungal glycosyltransferase facilitates pathogenesis of plants by enabling hyphal growth on solid surfaces. | pathogenic fungi must extend filamentous hyphae across solid surfaces to cause diseases of plants. however, the full inventory of genes which support this is incomplete and many may be currently concealed due to their essentiality for the hyphal growth form. during a random t-dna mutagenesis screen performed on the pleomorphic wheat (triticum aestivum) pathogen zymoseptoria tritici, we acquired a mutant unable to extend hyphae specifically when on solid surfaces. in contrast "yeast-like" growth, ... | 2017 | 29020037 |
| effect of silicate slag application on wheat grown under two nitrogen rates. | field studies were established on the alluvial floodplain soils in louisiana, from 2013 to 2015, to evaluate the effect of silicate slag applications on productivity of wheat (triticum aestivum), under sufficient and high nitrogen (n) application rates. treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design, with four replications consisting of twelve treatments: a factorial combination of two n (101 and 145 kg n ha-1) and five silicate slag rates (0, 1, 2, 4.5, and 9 mg ha-1), and two c ... | 2017 | 29019922 |
| tapub1, a putative e3 ligase gene from wheat, enhances salt stress tolerance in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana. | high salinity is one of the most severe environmental stresses and limits the growth and yield of diverse crop plants. we isolated a gene named tapub1 from wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv hf9703) that encodes a novel protein containing a u-box domain, the precursor rna processing 19p (prp19) superfamily and wd-40 repeats. real-time reverse transcription-pcr analysis showed that tapub1 transcript accumulation was up-regulated by high salinity, drought and phytohormones, suggesting that it plays a ... | 2017 | 29016965 |
| aluminum induces distinct changes in the metabolism of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the roots of two wheat genotypes with different aluminum resistance. | aluminum (al) toxicity in acid soils is a primary factor limiting plant growth and crop yield worldwide. considerable genotypic variation in resistance to al toxicity has been observed in many crop species. in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), al phytotoxicity is a complex phenomenon involving multiple physiological mechanisms which are yet to be fully characterized. to elucidate the physiological and molecular basis of al toxicity in wheat, we performed a detailed analysis of reactive oxygen specie ... | 2017 | 29016127 |
| variations in yield and gluten proteins in durum wheat varieties under late-season foliar versus soil application of nitrogen fertilizer in a northern mediterranean environment. | with the increasing demand for high-quality foodstuffs and concern for environmental sustainability, late-season nitrogen (n) foliar fertilization of common wheat is now an important and widespread practice. this study investigated the effects of late-season foliar versus soil n fertilization on yield and protein content of four varieties of durum wheat, aureo, ariosto, biensur and liberdur, in a three-year field trial in northern italy. | 2017 | 28992373 |
| mesophyll cell ultrastructure of wheat leaves etiolated by lead and selenium. | the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells was studied in leaves of the triticum aestivum l. cv. "trizo" seedlings after two weeks of growth on soil contaminated by pb and/or se. the soil treatments: control; (pb1) 50mgkg-1; (pb2) 100mgkg-1; (se1) 0.4mgkg-1; (se2) 0.8mgkg-1; (pb1+se1); (pb1+se2); (p2+se1); and (pb2+se2) were used. light and other conditions were optimal for plant growth. the (se1)-plants showed enhanced growth and biomass production; (pb1+se1)-plants did not lag behind the controls, ... | 2017 | 28988150 |
| allelic variation and transcriptional isoforms of wheat tamyc1 gene regulating anthocyanin synthesis in pericarp. | recently the tamyc1 gene encoding bhlh transcription factor has been isolated from the bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome and shown to co-locate with the pp3 gene conferring purple pericarp color. as a functional evidence of tamyc1 and pp3 being the same, higher transcriptional activity of the tamyc1 gene in colored pericarp compared to uncolored one has been demonstrated. in the current study, we present additional strong evidences of tamyc1 to be a synonym of pp3. furthermore, we have f ... | 2017 | 28983311 |
| rna-seq analysis provides the first insights into the phylogenetic relationship and interspecific variation between agropyron cristatum and wheat. | agropyron cristatum, which is a wild grass of the tribe triticeae, grows widely in harsh environments and provides many desirable genetic resources for wheat improvement. however, unclear interspecific phylogeny and genome-wide variation has limited the utilization of a. cristatum in the production of superior wheat varieties. in this study, by sequencing the transcriptome of the representative tetraploid a. cristatum z559 and the common wheat variety fukuhokomugi (fukuho), which are often used ... | 2017 | 28983310 |
| label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of drought stress-responsive late embryogenesis abundant proteins in the seedling leaves of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes. | late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins are highly hydrophilic proteins with key roles in environmental stress responses. in this study, we performed the first survey of the lea proteome in seedling leaves from two wheat genotypes subjected to drought stress, i.e., shaanhe 6 (sh, drought-tolerant) and zhengyin 1 (zy, drought-sensitive). after isolating the lea subpopulation by treating total soluble proteins with heating combined with 1% trichloroacetic acid treatment that was assessed by wes ... | 2018 | 28982538 |
| unlocking new alleles for leaf rust resistance in the vavilov wheat collection. | thirteen potentially new leaf rust resistance loci were identified in a vavilov wheat diversity panel. we demonstrated the potential of allele stacking to strengthen resistance against this important pathogen. leaf rust (lr) caused by puccinia triticina is an important disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and the deployment of genetically resistant cultivars is the most viable strategy to minimise yield losses. in this study, we evaluated a diversity panel of 295 bread wheat accessions from ... | 2018 | 28980023 |
| in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activity of dichloromethane fraction of triticum aestivum sprouts. | triticum aestivum sprouts (ta) contain significant amounts of chlorophyll, minerals, enzymes, and other functional entities. furthermore, ta extracts have been shown to possess anti-obesity, anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective effects and are believed to help blood flow, digestion, and general detoxification of the body. in this study, the mechanism underlying the anti-cancer effects of a dichloromethane fraction of ta (tdf) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. in vitro study was done by examin ... | 2017 | 28972884 |
| | cinnamon rolls triggered anaphylactic reaction. the genesis could be wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis two case reports from our department of allergology illustrate the wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (wdeia), which is a relatively rare, yet potentially fatal form of food allergy. wheat (triticum aestivum) is the most commonly grown crop world-wide, and some individuals cannot tolerate it due to wheat hypersensitivity. the most dangerous reaction is the anaphylaxis due t ... | 2017 | 28972639 |
| health risk assessment and growth characteristics of wheat and maize crops irrigated with contaminated wastewater. | the present study evaluated the effect of untreated wastewater irrigation and its health risks in triticum aestivum (wheat) and zea mays (maize) cultivated at south cairo, egypt. morphological measurements (stem and root lengths, number of leaves per plant, and dry weights of main organs) as well as soil, irrigation water, and plant analyses for nutrients and heavy metals were conducted in polluted and unpolluted sites. wastewater irrigations leads to reduction in the morphological traits of the ... | 2017 | 28971323 |
| variation in foliar uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in six varieties of winter wheat. | to investigate intraspecific variations of foliar uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), leaves of six varieties including changwu 521 (cw), hedong tx-006 (hd), jiaomai 266 (jm), xiaoyan 22 (xy), yunong 949 (yn), and zhongmai 175 (zm) were exposed to three levels of (0, 0.25, and 1.5 mg l-1) mixture of six selected pahs (phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene). after 10 consecutive days of a ... | 2017 | 28965195 |
| low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits from the 1u genome of aegilops umbellulata confer superior dough rheological properties and improve breadmaking quality of bread wheat. | wheat-related genomes may carry new glutenin genes with the potential for quality improvement of breadmaking. in this study, we estimated the gluten quality properties of the wheat line cnu609 derived from crossing between chinese spring (cs, triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) and the wheat aegilops umbellulata (2n = 2x = 14, uu) 1u(1b) substitution line, and investigated the function of 1u-encoded low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (lmw-gs). | 2017 | 28960410 |
| rapid development and characterization of chromosome specific translocation line of thinopyrum elongatum with improved dough strength. | the protein content and its type are principal factors affecting wheat (triticum aestivum) end product quality. among the wheat proteins, glutenin proteins, especially, high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) are major determinants of processing quality. wheat and its primary gene pool have limited variation in terms of hmw-gs alleles. wild relatives of wheat are an important source of genetic variation. for improvement of wheat processing quality its wild relative thinopyrum elongatum ... | 2017 | 28959271 |
| genome-wide association study of septoria tritici blotch resistance in ethiopian durum wheat landraces. | septoria tritici blotch (stb) is a devastating fungal disease affecting durum and bread wheat cultivation worldwide. the identification, development, and employment of resistant wheat genetic material is the key to overcoming costs and limitations of fungicide treatments. the search for resistance sources in untapped genetic material may speed up the deployment of stb genetic resistance in the field. ethiopian durum wheat landraces represent a valuable source of such diversity. in this study, 31 ... | 2017 | 28959268 |
| ectopic expression of triticum aestivum serk genes (taserks) control plant growth and development in arabidopsis. | somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (serks) belong to a small gene family of receptor-like kinases involved in signal transduction. a total of 54 genes were shortlisted from the wheat genome survey sequence of which 5 were classified as serks and 49 were identified as serk-like (serls). tissue- specific expression of taserks at major developmental stages of wheat corroborates their indispensable role during somatic and zygotic embryogenesis. taserk transcripts show inherent differences in the ... | 2017 | 28959050 |
| density separation as a strategy to reduce the enzyme load of preharvest sprouted wheat and enhance its bread making quality. | as preharvest sprouting of wheat impairs its use in food applications, postharvest solutions for this problem are required. due to the high kernel to kernel variability in enzyme activity in a batch of sprouted wheat, the potential of eliminating severely sprouted kernels based on density differences in nacl solutions was evaluated. compared to higher density kernels, lower density kernels displayed higher α-amylase, endoxylanase, and peptidase activities as well as signs of (incipient) protein, ... | 2018 | 28958551 |
| evaluating the health risks of potentially toxic elements through wheat consumption in multi-industrial metropolis of faisalabad, pakistan. | potentially toxic elements (ptes) pollution is the fastest growing concern around the entire globe especially in developing countries. rapid industrialization and urbanization are the dominant sources of anthropogenic soil-food chain contamination with ptes. the intent of current study was to investigate the interactive levels of cu, fe, mn, ni, pb, and zn in soil and their accumulation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) samples collected from 96 sites including industrial, urban, and peri-urban ar ... | 2017 | 28956229 |
| functional analysis and marker development of tacrt-d gene in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | calreticulin (crt), an endoplasmic reticulum (er)-localized ca2+-binding/buffering protein, is highly conserved and extensively expressed in animal and plant cells. to understand the function of crts in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), particularly their roles in stress tolerance, we cloned the full-length genomic sequence of the tacrt-d isoform from d genome of common hexaploid wheat, and characterized its function by transgenic arabidopsis system. tacrt-d exhibited different expression patterns i ... | 2017 | 28955354 |
| haplotype analysis of the pre-harvest sprouting resistance locus phs-a1 reveals a causal role of tamkk3-a in global germplasm. | pre-harvest sprouting (phs) is an important cause of quality loss in many cereal crops and is particularly prevalent and damaging in wheat. resistance to phs is therefore a valuable target trait in many breeding programs. the phs-a1 locus on wheat chromosome arm 4al has been consistently shown to account for a significant proportion of natural variation to phs in diverse mapping populations. however, the deployment of sprouting resistance is confounded by the fact that different candidate genes, ... | 2017 | 28955352 |
| genome-wide association mapping of loci for resistance to stripe rust in north american elite spring wheat germplasm. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a major yield-limiting foliar disease of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. in this study, the genetic variability of elite spring wheat germplasm from north america was investigated to characterize the genetic basis of effective all-stage and adult plant resistance (apr) to stripe rust. a genome-wide association study was conducted using 237 elite spring wheat lines genotyped with an illumina infinium 90k single-nucleotide polymor ... | 2018 | 28952421 |
| lechevalieria rhizosphaerae sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and emended description of the genus lechevalieria. | a novel actinomycete, designated strain neau-a2t, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that strain neau-a2t should be assigned to the genus lechevalieria and forms a distinct branch with its closest neighbour lechevalieria aerocolonigenes dsm 40034t (99.0 %). moreover, key morphological and chemotaxonomic properties also confirmed the affiliation of strain ... | 2017 | 28950934 |
| molecular cloning and functional characterization of two novel high molecular weight glutenin subunit genes in aegilops markgrafii. | the high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) in bread wheat are major determinants of the viscoelastic properties of dough and the end-use quality of wheat flour. two novel hmw-gss, 1cx1.1 and 1cy9.1, from the diploid species aegilops markgrafii (cc) were identified in the present study. the corresponding open-reading frames of the genes of 1cx1.1 and 1cy9.1 were isolated and sequenced using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. sequence comparison demonstrated that the hmw-gss from ... | 2017 | 28947704 |
| bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of pseudocereals-enriched water biscuits and their in vitro digestates. | carotenoids, tocols, phenolic acids and antioxidant capacity were studied during in vitro digestion of water biscuits (wb) from bread wheat, einkorn and einkorn-pseudocereals. antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of digestates were also measured using a 70% caco2/30% ht-29 human intestinal co-culture layer. antioxidant profiles differed among wb formulations. only hydrophilic molecules were solubilised by gastric digestion. after intestinal digestion, 77% carotenoids and 67% tocols were released ... | 2018 | 28946344 |